International Standard & 4628/1 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR 6TAMGANDI2AT/OWOMEMWAPOANAR OF AMIAGIN NO CT ARAAPTHOAUWSONGANATION INTERNATIONALE DE ROMUNTIONTON Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 1: General principles and rating schemes Peintures et vernis — Evaluation de (a dégradation des surfaces peintes — Désignation de Vintensité, de la quanté et de la dimension des types courants de défeuts — Partie 1 : Principes généraux et modes de cotation First edition — 1982-05-01 UDC 667.613.2 : 620.191.33 Ref. No. 1SO 4628/1-1982 (E) Descriptors : paints, vamishes, suriace defecis, generalities, designations. Price based on 2 pages 585Foreword 1SO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of rational stendards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing inter- rational Standerds is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member tbody interested in a subject for which a technical committee has Deen set up has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental ‘end non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work, Draft international Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated 10 the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as Intemational Standards by the ISO Council. International Standard 1S0 4628/1 was developed by Technical Committee 'S0/TC 35, Paints and varnishes. ‘This International Standard results from the division into separate parts of International Standard |S0 4628/1-1978, which had been approved by the member bodies of the following countries : Australia tia Romania Austria Iran South Africa, Rep. of Brazil Italy Sweden Caneda Korea, Rap. of Switzerland crite Mexico Turkey Czochoslovakia Netherlands Unitad Kingdom France New Zealand ‘Yugoslavia Germany, F. R. Portugal No mamber body had expressed disapproval of the document. This Intemational Standard cancels and replaces section one of international Standard 1so 4628/1-1978. ‘Standardization. 1982 @ Printed in Switesdand 586INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 1SO 4628/1-1982(E) Paints and varnishes — Eval coatings — Designation of i common types of defect — uation of degradation of paint ntensity, quantity and e of Part 1: General principles and rating schemes 0 Introduction ‘This international Standard ie ing with the sempiing and ti ‘elated products, one of a ceries of standards deal- testing of psints, vamishes and The other parts of [SO 4828 already published or in course of repsration are Part 2: Designation of degree of blistering Part 3: Designation of degree of rusting Part: Designation of degree of cracking. Part § : Designation of degres of flaking. Part 6: Designation of degree of chalking, 1! Parts 2 t0 6 provide auniliery pictorial or other raference scalos for rating patticular types of defect. As fer as possibie, the sales are based on existing well-established schemes. ‘The schemes given in this pert of ISO 4628 are intended to pro- ribing, in a standard manner, test areas detects of coatings, in particular and weathering, 1 Scope and field of application ‘This part of 10 4628 establishes a general system for designating the intensity, quantity and size of common types of {defects of paint coatings end outines the basic principles af the system in respect of designation of the intensity, quantity and size of defects, 1) At present atthe stage of draft. 20 587 — Coatings cathodic to the troplated test specimens subjected 3. Designation of intensity and quantity of defects ‘A uniform convention has been adoy tensity and quantity of defects by means of ratings on a ‘pumercal scale ranging from 0 to §; “0” denoting no defects, and "5" danating defects so severe that further discrimination thas no practical meaning. ‘The other ratings, corresponding ‘ere 30 defined that whole range of the. pted for designating the in- 1g 0 the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4, they give an optimal discrimination over the ‘ele. ‘The use of intermediate half-staps is permissible, if required, to ‘give a more detailed report of the defects observed. ‘A general description of each of the ratings is given in tables 1 and 2. Table 1 refers to defects consisting of a uniform deterioration of the visual appearanca of the ccating, ‘Table 2 applies to defects in the form of discontinuities or other local iragulsrties of the costing, scattered over the test area in ‘@ more or less even pattern. NOTE — ttappropriate, the quantity of small defects scattered over the test area can be assossedin terme of thei frequency by moana ots gtd ‘method. Details of such a method are deserved in 120 teae180 4628/1-1982 (E) ‘Table 1 — Uniform deterioration — Rating scheme for 4 Designation of size of defects designating the intensity of deterioration consisting of 4 ’@ Uniform change in the visual appearance of the ‘The average size of defects shall be designated, if required ang paint costing meaningful, according t0 the classification given in table 3. Ratna ] ae 5 Rating ‘ery stgnt Le. ust perceptible charge sigh, 2, obsrty perceptibie change moderate, ie. ver cleaty perceptibie change ‘considerable, 2. pronounced change, covers, a intense change type of phenomenon in question. If applicable, also rate the average size of the individual 4 ‘on the basis of the scheme given in table 3. ‘Table 2 — Scettered defects — Rating scheme for Sateen. designating the quantity of defects consisting of ; Secondo otha Gad apaiecie te “The test report shall contain at least the following information : paint coating “Guard of defects (iolatve 10a tet surface ares of 110 2d?) ‘al the type and identification of the product tested; bb]. areference to this International Standard (ISO 4628/1); Cc) the type of defect, few, i.e. smal but significant amount of detects @) the imensity of the defect (table 1) or, moderate, is. medium amount of Stocts considerable, serous amount of defects donee, ie. dense pattem of defects ) the quantiy of the defect (table 2); 4) the rating, if any, of the size of the defect in p theses, preceded by the lettar “S” Examples : cratering of top coat : 2 (S3) ‘Table 3 — Rating scheme for designating the size whitening : 4 (order of magnitude) of defects fivaling : 3 (S2) ‘Size of defect ‘01 isibie under 10 magrification ‘ony visible under mognfiation up to X 10 just veile with noral correcta vision Cleaty visible with normal corrected vision lap 10.05 mm) I necessery, the test report may be amplified in words. exemple “confined (0 edges” or “blistering of top co down to the undercoat”. The use of such comments shall, however, be avoided wherever possible. (9) the date of the examination. range 0,5 10 5 mm larger than § mmIntemational Standard & 4628/2 OE |NTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANOAROLEA TONADRAYHAPODMAA GP ARASAIDIR TO CTARIAF NGALAORGANIGATION INTERNATIONALE OE RORMALISATION eV—n7===Izc~<~>~~L~L~—~~L—a—=aaeearr$9u@«—vo—=r——rrJOSOrrvvrvr Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 2 : Designation of degree of blistering Peintures ot vernis — Evaluation de ta dégredation des surfaces peintes — Désignation de lintensité, de la quantité et de la dimension des types courants de défauts — Partie 2 : Désignation du degré de cloquage First edition — 1982-08-01 UDC 667.613.2 ; 620.191.33 Ref. No. ISO 4628/2-1982 (E) Descriptors : paints, varnishes, surface defects, biswering, cesignations. 589Foreword ISO (the Intemational Organization for Standardization) is 2 workdwide federation of rational standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing Inter- national Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member ‘body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set up has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental ‘and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take pert in the work, Dreft Intemational Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to ‘the member bodies for anproval before their acceptance as International Standards by the $0 Council. International Standard ISO 4628/2 wae developed by Technical Committee 1SO/TC 36, Paints and varnishes. ‘This international Standard results from the division into separste perts of Internationel Standard ISO 4628/1-1978, which had been approved by the member bodies of the following counties : Australia India Romania ‘Austria Iran South Africa, Rep. of rez Healy ‘Sweden Caneda Korea, Rep. of Switzarand Chile Mexico Turkey Czechoslovakia Netherlands United Kingdom France New Zealand ‘Yugoslavia Germany, F. R. Portugel No member body had expressed disapproval of the document. ‘This International Standard cancels and repiaces section two of International Standard 1S0 4028) 1-1978. © International Organization for Standardization, 1982 @ Printed in Switzoand 590INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4628/2-1982 (E) Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designa common types of defect — n of intensity, quantity and size of Part 2 : Designation of degree of blistering 0 Introduction ‘The other parts of ISO 4628 already published or in course of preparation are : Part 1: General principles and rating schemes. Designation of degree of rusting. Part 4 : Designation of degree of cracking. Part 5 : Designation of degree of faking, Part 6 : Designation of degree of chalking.” Port 3 Patt 1 of ISO 4628 defines the system for designating the quan- tity and and size of common types of defects of paint coatings and outlines the basic principles of the system in respect of designation of the quantity and size of defects, in particular the defects caused by ageing and weathering. Ports 2 to 6 provide auxiliary pictorial or other reference scales for rating particular types of defect. As far 2s possible, these scales are based on existing well-established schemes. 1 Scope and field of application This pant of 1S0 4628 provides pictorial standards for designating the degree of blistering of paint coatings. 2 Reference ASTM D 71458, Evaluating degree of blistering of points. 3 Rating Rate the density and size of the biisters in a paint costing by ‘means of the pictorial standards reproduced on pages 3 10 6. 1) At present atthe stage of draft. 591 “Those standards ilustrate blictere in the respective dencitioe 2, 3, 4.and 6 and each density in the sizes 2, 3, 4 and 6. NOTE — The photographic reference standards heve been adopted from ASTM D 714.58, ‘The correlation between the [SO and the ASTM rating system is as shown in the table, ‘Table — Correlation between ISO and ASTM rating systems 4, Test report “The test report shall contin at least the following information = the type and idertifcaton of the product rested: D)_ a reference to this Intemational Standard (ISO 4628/2); (©) the numerical rating of the density of blistering: d) the numerical rating of the size of bistering for ‘example = biisters 2 (2) Where 3 test piece exhibits bisters of varying size, quote as, the size rating that of the largest blisters which are ‘numerous enough to be typical of the tast piece. ©) the date of the examination.180 4628/2-1962 (E)ISO 4628/2-1982 (E)1SO 4628 /2-1982 (E) ‘ ay : 5 Meee S Z . . magi i 2 oN . : es ‘ Density 2 :1SO 4628/2-1982 (E) ‘ a § q Ci ( ( fae « ¢ ci ‘ ¢ ‘ « « ane Cane < d Ce eee & « Blisters of size § 595nee ig NOL PA a cece tment tne Intemational Standard & 4628/3 S2ATIONNMENA/TAFOAMAN CPFANAALNR M9 CTAMAAPT VG ALMMSORGANGATION NTE RATIONIIE OF RORNAL NATION Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 3 : Designation of degree of rusting Fhintures at varnis — Evaluation de le dégradation des surfaces peintes — Désignation de Vintensié, dele quanti ot dela dimension des types courants de défeuts — Partie 2: Désignation du degré denrouitrment First edition — 1982-06-01 UDC 667.613.2 : 620,191.33 Ref. No. 10 4628/3-1982 (E) Descriptors: pains, vamishes, surface defects, rusting, designations. Price based on 7 pogesForeword SO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing Inter- national Standards is carried out through 1SO technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set up has the right to be represented on that commritiee. International organizations, governmental and ne-gevernmental, in laison with 1S0, aleo take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as international Standards by the 1$0 Council international Standard 1S0 4828/3 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and vamishes. International Standard results from the division into separate parts of International Standard ISO 4828/1-1978, which had bsen approved by the member bodies of the: following counties Australia India Romania Austria tran South Africa, Rep. of Brail hialy Sweden Cenada Korea, Rep. of ‘Switzerland Chile Mexico Turkey Czechoslovakia Netherlands United Kingdom Franca New Zealand Yugostavis Germany, F. R. Portugal No member body had expressed disapproval of the document. This international Standard cancels and replaces section three of Intemational Stan- dard ISO 4628/1-1978. © International Organization for Standardirstion, 1982 © Print in Switeriand 598—_—_— INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 1S 4628/3-1982(E) —_—_—_ Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 3 : Designation of degree of rusting 0 Introduction ‘This International Standard is one ofa series of standards deal- ing with the sampling and testing of paints, varnishes and related products. ‘The other parts of !SO 4628 already published or in course of reparation are = Part 1: General principles and rating schemes. Part 2 : Designation of degree of bistering Part 4 : Designation of degree of cracking. Part 5 : Designation of degree of flaking Part6 : Designation of degree of chalking") Part of 'SO 4428 defines the system for designating the quen- tity and siz of common types of detects of paint costings and Outines the basic prncipls of the systomin respect of designe- tion of the quantity and siz of defects. in particular the defects caused by ageing and weathering. Pas 2 to 6 provide auxitery pictorial or other reference scales tor rating particular types of defect. As far 26 posable, these scales are based on existing wel-establshed schemes, 1 Scope and field of application Thi part of ISO 4628 provides pictorial standards for esignating the degree af rusting of paint coatings. 1) Atpieseat at the stage of drat 599 2 References 1S0 4628/1, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradstion of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 1 : Goneral principles and ‘ating scherres, ASTM D 610-68, Evaluating degree of rusting of painted stee! surfaces. 3. Rating Designate the degres of rust formation by referenes to the pic- torial standards reproduced on pages 3 to 7. noTes 1 The pictorel standards are selected trom the European rust scale published by the European Committee of Paint. Ponting Ink ond Ariate! Colours Manufacturers’ Amociatons, Brussel. ‘The correlation between the ‘SO ard Eutopeen rust scales is és shown, ‘in table 2 2 The approximate constaton between the ISO rust scale and the ‘ating system of ASTM D 610-56 is given in table 3 ‘These standards show coated steel surtaces deteriorated to ct. ferent degrees by a combination of rust broken through the ‘coating and apparent underrrust. The approximate amounts of the rust broken through the Costing and of the total apparent rust (rust broken through + Underrust) shown on these standards are os incieated in table 1180 4628/3-1982 (E) ‘Table 1 — Degree of rusting and area ean | ‘ree usted iO e fit 0.05 m2 os nia 1 nie 8 Ais ‘Table 2 — Correlation between ISO and European rust scales TSO rast scale European vost scale m0 Reo il rit Ret Ri2 Re2 Ris Fe Ria Fes Le Ris Re? Table 3 — Approximate correlation between ISO ‘and ASTM rust scales 180 rust scale ‘ASTM D610 mo 10 Rit 2 a 6 ria 4 ris 102 “The standards given are basically intended for rating the degree, of rust on coated stool ‘They mey be used for designating the degree of corrosion on, coated non-ferrous metals if the form of breakdown is com- parable with that on the standards. ‘The rating (degree of rusting] in accordance with table 1, ‘which ie most representative of the corrosion phenomena on the test piece, especially in respect of the amount of rust that has broken through the coating shall be indicated. If the average sizes of the rust spots on the test piece differ ‘considerably from those shown on the standards, an indication ‘of their size may be given by reference to the rating echome iven in table 3 of ISO 4628/1. 4 Test report ‘The test report shall contain atleast the fotowing information : 4a) the type and identification of the product tested b)_areference to this International Standard (ISO 4628/3), ©) the numerical rating of the rusted area; 4) the numerical rating of the size of the rust spots, if desired, for example : Rust : Ri3 (S4) = rusted aree, as a percentage of rust, approximates standard 3, the sizes of the dividual rust spots are of the order of @ few milimetres. ©) the date of the examination. 6001S0 4628/3-1982 (E) RIT 601 310 4628/3-1982 (E) Iz. 4 602180 4628/3-1982(E) 3 Rl 603180 4628/3-1982 (E) 6 604180 4628/3-1982 (E) RIS 605 7This page intentionally left blank 606International Standard & 4628/4 INTERNATIOVAL ORGANIZATION FORSTANDAROTATONGUD PAID MAPORNAR G>T ANGAGHM NO CTANBAPTHGAUHMSGRGANTEATION INTERUATOWALE GE NORMALISATION Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 4 : Designation of degree of cracking Rentures et verris — Evaluation de ls dégradation des surfaces peintes — Désignation de lintensité, de le quantité et de lo imension des types courants de défauts ~ Partie 4 : Désignation du degré de traquelage First edition — 1982-05-01 UDC 667.613.2 : 620,191.33 Ref. No. ISO 4628/4-1982(E) Descriptors : paint, vemishes, surtace detects, designations. cracking (facturing) Price basad on & neges 607Foreword 150 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of rational standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing Inter rational Standards is carried out through 1SO technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committea has been set up has the right to be represented on that committe, International organizations, governmental ‘and non-governmental, in faizon with 180, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated 10 the member badies for approval before their acceptance as international Standards by the [SO Council International Standard 1S0 4623/4 was developed by Technical Committee 1SO/TC 25, Paints and varnishes. ‘This International Standard, formerly section four of draft Addendum | to tnter- netional Standard 150 4628/1-1978, was submitted to the member bodies in December 1879 and approved by the member bodies of the following counties : Australia Isroe! ‘South Aitica, Rep. of Austria aly Spain Brazil Kenya Sweden China Korea, Rep. of Switzorland France Netherlands United Kingdorn Germany, F. R. Norway ussr India Poland ireland Romania No member bady expressed disapproval of the document. © International Organization tor Standardization, 1882 © Printea fn Switzerand 608| I a ee INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 'SO 4628/4-1982 (E) Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 4 : Designation of degree of cracking 0 Introduction ‘This International Standard is one of a series of standards deal ing with the sampling and testing of paints, varnishes and related products. ‘The other parts of ISO 4628 already published or in course of preparation are : Part 1 : General principles and rating schemes. Part 2: Designation of degree of blistering. Part 3: Designation of dagrae of rusting Part 5 : Designation of dograe of flaking. Part 6 : Designation of degree of chelking.’! Part 1 of 1S0 4628 defines the system for designating the quan tity and and sizo of common types of defects of paint coatings and outlines the basic principles of the system in respect of designation of the quantity and size of defects, in particular the detects caused by ageing and weathering Farts 2 to 6 provide auxiliary pietoral or other reforonce scales {or rating particular tyoes of defect. As far as possioe, these cals are based on enisting well-established schemes 1 Scope and field of application Tha part of 150-4623. provides pictorial standards for designating the degree of cracking of paint coatings. 2 Reference 1SO 4628/1, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation OF paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quarnity and size ‘of commen types of defect — Part 1 - General principles and rating schemes. 1) At present at the stage of drat 609 3. Rating Rate the quantity of cracking by reference to table 2 of 1S0 4628/1 and using as examples figures | or 2, depending on the type of cracking, NOTE — Figure 1 shows cracking without preferential direction and figure 2chowe cracking in one preferential rection which eccurs with ‘anisotropic substrates such as wood, Other forms of cracking occur but the principles of rating of quantity ‘omain the same. Designate the average size of the cracks according to the classification given in the table ‘Table — Rating scheme for the designation of the size of cracks Class ‘Size of cracks ‘at visible under X 10 magnifeation only visble under magnification up to X 10 lust vise with normal corrected vision ee ee poe lea ae ages care L oe Hf possible, indicste the depth of cracking by reference to the level in the coating system to which the cracks penetrate. Three main types of failure by cracking ae to be dis tinguished : 8] surface cracks which do not fully penetrate the top coat; b)_ cracks which penetrate the top coat, the underlying coat{s) being substantially unaffected; )_ cracks which penetrate the whole coating system.1SO 4628/4-1982 (E) 4 Test report ‘The test report shall contain atleast the following information a). the type and identification of the product tested: 1b) 9 reference to this International Standard ((SO 4628/4); el the numerical rating of the quantity af crack 4) the numerical rating of the size of cracking: 610 1e) the depth of cracking (a, b, or c), where possible, for example cracking 2 ($3) b H necossary, the standard assessment may be amplified in words, for example “linear cracking”. The use of such com- ments shall, however, be avoided wherever possible; @) the date of the exarrination.ISO 4628/4-1982 (E) Density 3 Density 2 Density 1 Donsity 5 Density & Figure 1 — Cracking without preferential direction [Panels of 1 10.2 dir? (see table 2 of SO 4628) 1)1 6111SO 4628/4-1982 (E)International Standard & 4628/5 [RTERATIOWAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANGARECZAT/ON-MEXA”HAPQAVIAR CT ARVANA To ETATAFTHGALIOMORGAMEATION NTEANATIONNLE DF ROMUAUONTON Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 5 : Designation of degree of flaking Gmtures et vernis — Evaluation dela dégradation des surfaces peintes — Deésignatian de intensits, de la quantité et de le dimension des types courents de défauts — Partie 5 : Designation du degre a'écallee First edition — 1982-05-01 UDC 667.613.2: 620.191.33 Ref. No. 1SO 4628/5-1982 (E) Descriptors : paints, vamishee, surface dofeets, designations Price based on 4 pages 613Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is 2 worldwide federation of rational standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing inter- rational Standards ie carried out through ISO technical committeas. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set up has the ‘ight to be ropresented on that committoe. International organizations, governmental ‘and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the mamber bodies for annraval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council International Standard ISO 4628/5 was daveloped by Techrical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes. This International Standard, formerly section five of draft Addendum 1 to Inter rational Standard ISO 4628/1-1978, was submitted to the member bodies in December 1879 and approved by the member bodies of the following countries Australia frael South Africa, Rep. of Aust aly Spain Brazil Kenya Sweden China korea, Rep. of Switzerland France Netherlands United Kingdom Germany, F. R Nonway ussR India Poland eland Romania No member body expressed disapproval of the document. Intemational Organization for Standardization, 1082 © Pinta in Switzetand 614SS ————— ee INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 1SO 4628/5-1982(E) —.]s Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 5 : Designation of degree of flaking 0 Introduction This International Standard is one of @ series of standards deal: ing with the sampling and testing of paints, varnishes and related products, The other perts of ISO 4628 already published or in course of Preparation are Part 1 : General principles and rating schemes, Part 2 : Designation of degree of pistering Port : Designation of degree of rusting Part 4: Designation of decree of cracking Part 6 : Designation of degree of chalking. Prt 1 of ISO 4628 defines the system for designating the quan tity and and size of common types of defects of paint coatings and outlines the basic principles of the system in respect of designation of the quentity and size of detects, in particular the detects caused by ageing and weathering Parts 2 to 6 provide auxiliary pictorial or other reference scales for rating particuler types of defect, AS far as possible, these scales are based on existing well-established schemes, 1 Scope and field of application This part of 1S0.4578 provides pictorial standards for designating tho dogroe of faking of paint coatings. 2 Rating Fate the quantity of flaking on the basis of the relative aroa floked, by reference to table 1 and using the figures | and 2 as examples, 615 NOTE — Fgure 1 shows flaking without preferential drecton ang figuie 2 shows flaking with peterential drecton ave to anisotropy in the substrate Table 1 — Scale for the designation of the quantity of flaking Flaked area % 0 01 Class 03 1 3 15 Designate the average size of the individual areas exposed by fiaking, if appropriate, according to the classification given in table 2. Table 2 — Scale for the designation of the approximate average size of areas exposed by flaking Coa ‘Size of flaking oT (largest dimen) ° at visible under X 10 magnifestion 1 Up 101 mm 2 up 3mm a ap © 10 mm 4 up w 30mm 5 larger than 20 mm Indicate the depth of flaking by reference to the level in the coating system where falure occurs180 4628/5-1982(E) ‘Two main types of follure by flaking are to be distinguished = 12} top coals) flaking from underlying coat; bb] whole coating systern faking from substrate. 3. Test report Tho test report shall contain at last the folowing information 12) the type and identification of the product tested 1) a yoference ta this international Standard (ISO 4628/5); ‘c) the numerical rating of the quantity of floking: dd) the numerical rating of the size of flaking: 2). the depth of cracking [a or b), for example flaking 3 (82) a Whete a test piece exhibite flaking of various sizes, quote as the size rating that of the largest flaked areas which are ‘numerous enough to be typical of tho test piece. If necessary, the standard assessment may be amplified in words. The use of such comments shall. however, be avoided wherever possible, 8) the date of the examination. 6161SO 4628/5-1982 (E) Quantity 2‘Quantity 1 ‘Quantity wantityINTERNATIONAL. Iso STANDARD 4628-6 First edition 1900-12-15 asa reeeeeeeseeee Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 6: Rating of degree of chalking by tape method Peintures ot vernis — Evaluation de la dégradation des surfaces peintes — Désignatian de I'intensité, de la quantité et de la dimension des types courants de défauts — Partie 6: Cotation du degré de farinage par la méthode du ruben edhésif Reference number 180 4528-6. 1990(E) 6191SO 4628-6;1990(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be Tepresented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Interna tional Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 4628-8 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes. 180 4528 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Desig- nation of Intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect: — Part 1: General principles and rating schemes — Part 2: Designation of degree of blistering — Part 3: Designation of degree of rusting — Part 4 Designation of degree of cracking — Part 5: Designation of degree of fiaking — Part 6: Rating of degree of chalking by tape method © 180. 1900 Si onts reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced or utilzed in any form Sr opany meare, slecionte or mechanical, Including photocopying and microm, without permission in wring from the pubisner. International Organization for Standardization Case Postale 5¢.* CH-1211 Geniéve 20 * Switzerland Printed in Switzerland i 620ISO 4628-6:1990(6) Introduction ‘This international Standard is one of a series of standards dealing with the sampling and testing of paints, varnishes and related products. ISO 4628-1 defines a system for designating the quantity and size of common types of defects of paint coatings and outlines the basic prin- ciples of the rating system, in particular with respect to the defects caused by ageing and weathering, Parts 2 to 6 of ISO 4628 provide auxiliary pictorial and other reference scales for rating particular types of defect. As far as possible, these scales are based on existing, well established schemes, 621 iit‘This page intentionally lef blank 622INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 1SO 4628-6:1990(E) Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect — Part 6: Rating of degree of chalking by tape method 1 Scope This part of ISO 4628 provides pictorial reference standards for designating the degree of chalking of paint coatings. It also describes a method by which the degree of chalking is rated. In using this method, ‘tls essential that care be taken to distinguish be- {ween true degradation products and adhering dirt, particularly when chalking is slight (see 6.4), 2 Normative reference The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 4628. At tne time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject fo revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of |SO 4628 are encouraged to investi- gate the possibility of applying the most recent edi- lion of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards 10 4628-1:1982, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings — Designation of in- tensity, quantity and size of common types of defect —Part 1: General principles and rating schemes. 3 Definition For the purposes of this part of ISO 4828, the follow- ing definition applies chalking: The appearance of a loosely adherent fine powder on the surface of a paint coating, arising from the degradation of one or more of its conelitu- ents. 623 4 Principle By means of an adhesive tape, the chalking is re- moved from the coating under test. The chalking adhering to the tape is examined against a con- trasting background (either black or white whichever gives the greater contrast) and the degree of chalk- ing is assessed with reference to a rating scale 5 Materials 5.1. Self-adhesive, 25 mm + 10 mm. transparent tape, of width Commercially available flexible tapes, of low gloss, transparent and without perceptible colour, have been found to be satisfactory. The lype of tape shall be agreed on between the interested parties and shall be stated in the test report 5.2. Substrate, biack or white, with matt finish, for use as background, e.g. card, or velvet having a short pile without 2 tendency to be crushed. 6 Procedure 61 Carry out the procedure on air-dried surfaces, Place a piece of the adhesive tape (5.1) on the dry coating by applying firm pressure and rubbing with a finger Remove the tape and lay iton a substrate (5.2) of the appropriate colour to give the greater contrast, with the adhesive in contact with the substrate.1SO 4628-6:1990(E) Under diffuse light, immediately assess (see 8.5) the degree of chalking by comparing the amount of chalk on the tape with the pictorial reference stan- dards in figure 4 6.2 The degree of chalking can also be determined quantitatively using a suitable photoelectric instru- ment fo compare the transmittance of the chalked tape with that of unused tape. In this procedure, the adhesive tape shall not be placed on a substrate (5.2) but on a clean glass slide or open support, which is placed in the optical beam of the instru- ment.” This instrumental method shall only be used if the tape is covered homogeneously by the chalking residues. 6.3 The degree of chalking may vary over a given area. Therefore, an average portion of the coating shall be available. On large surfaces, the determi- nation shall be made at several locations and the mean and range reported. 6.4 Ratings obtained with coatings exposed to na- tural weathering shall be treated with caution as dirt deposited on the surface from the atmosphere can give false high values of chalking. 6.5 After removing the chalking from the coating under test, the assessment of each piece of adhe- sive tape shall be carried out without delay because the appearance of the chaiking on the adhesive tape changes with time, and the transmittance will also change 1) Details of this procedure are given in [1] HeLMen, T., Farbe und Lack, 84 (1978), 5, pp. 315-322. [2] HELMEN, T., Farbe und Lack, 87 (1881), 3, pp. 181-188, 7 Rating Rate the degree of chalking by reference to the pic- torial standards shown in figure 1. The numerical values glven correspond to those in ISO 4628-1 For textured surfaces, the rating shall be based on the observations of the most intensively chalked parts of the tape. 8 Test report The test report shall contain at jeas! the following information a) all details necessary for the identification of the Product tested: this b) a reference to International (ISO 4628-5), Standard ©} the type of weathering (artificial or natural) of the coating; d) all details necessary for the identification of the adhesive tape used; ) all details necessary for the identification of the substrate used as background for the adhesive tape; 1) the numerical ratir of the degree of chalking; 9) any deviation from the procedure specified, fh) the date of the examination. 624ISO 4628-6:1990(E) [NOTE — The fight hand end of eect tone corresponds 10 & chuing rang of 0. Figure 1 — Pictorial reference standards for numerical chalking ratings of 1 to 5 Publisher's note: ISO 4628-6:1990, Figure 1, is printed in this handbook for information only. In order to properly apply this International Standard, users will need to obtain a separate copy of the original standard, which includes a photograph of the pictorial reference standards for comparison purposes. 625 mA 3