THEORY

1.STOMACH-
Stomachaci
disv er
ydangerous.Iti
shi
ghlyaci
dicandhaspH1.6.
Stomachaci
disHCl producedbystomach.I
ftherei
stoostomachaci
d
i
tcancauseheartbur
n.Oneoft hesympt
omsofhear t
burni
saburning
feel
i
nginthechestorabdomen.

2.ANTACI
D-
Anantacidi
sanysubst
ancet hatcanneutr
ali
seanacid.Al
lantacidsar
e
bases.ThepHofbaseis7.1-14.Al
lantaci
dshavechemicali
nt hem
call
edabuffer
.Whenanant aci
dismixedwi t
hanacidthebuff
ert ri
est
o
evenouttheaci
dit
yandthatishowst omachaci
dgetsneutral
ized.

3.SOMEFAMOUSANTACI
DBRANDS
 Al
ka-
Sel
tzer–NaHCO3and/
orKHCO3

 Gav
iscon–Al
(OH)
3

 Maal
ox(
li
qui
d)–Al
(OH)
3andMg(
OH)
2

 Mi
l
kofMagnesi
a–Mg(
OH)
2

 Di
gene

 Eno

 Gel
usi
l

 Gas-
O-Fast

3.DRUGNAMES
Somedr
ugsusedasant
aci
dsar
e:

 Al
umi
nium hy
droxi
de

 Magnesi
um hy
droxi
de

 Cal
cium car
bonat
e

 Sodi
um bi
car
bonat
e
 Bi
smut
hsubsal
i
cyl
ate

 Hi
stami
ne

 Rani
ti
dine
OBJECTI
VE:
Toanal
ysethegi
vensamplesofcommerci
alant
acidsbydet
ermi
ning
theamountofhy
drochl
ori
caci
dtheycanneut
ral
ize.

ANTACI
DS
PRECAUTI
ONS:
1.Al
lappar
atusshoul
dbecl
eanedandwashedpr
oper
ly.

2.Burett
einpi
pet
temustber
insedwi
thr
espect
ivesol
uti
ont
obe
putinthem.

3.Ai
rbubbl
esmustber
emov
edf
rom t
hebur
ett
eandj
et.

4.Lastdr
opf
rom t
hepi
pet
teshoul
dber
emov
edbybl
owi
ng.

5.Thefl
askshoul
dnotber
insedwi
thanyoft
hesol
uti
on,
whi
chi
s
bei
ngti
tr
ated.
REQUI
REMENTS:
Appar
atusRequi
red

 Bur
ett
es

 Pi
pet
tes

 Ti
tr
ati
onFl
asks

 Measur
ingFl
asks

 Beaker
s

 Wei
ghtBox

 Fr
act
ional
Wei
ght
s

Chemi
cal
sRequi
red

 Sodi
um Hy
droxi
de,

 Sodi
um Car
bonat
e,

 Hy
drochl
ori
cAci
d,

 Phenol
pht
hal
ein.
PROCEDURE:
1.Prepar
e1l i
tr
eofapproxi
matelyHCl
sol
uti
onbydi
l
uti
ng10ml
oft
he
concentr
atedacidf
oroneli
tre.

2.Si
mil
arl
y,make1li
tr
eofapproximat
elyNaOHsoluti
onby
di
ssol
vi
ng4.0gofNaOHtoprepareoneli
tr
eofsol
ution.

3.PrepareNa2CO3soluti
onbyweighi
ngexact
ly1.
325gofanhy
drous
sodium car
bonateandthendi
ssol
vingi
tinwat
ertopr
epar
eexactl
y0.
25
l
itr
es(250ml )ofsol
uti
on.

4.St
andar
dizetheHClsol
uti
onbyti
tr
ati
ngitagainstt
hest
andar
d
Na2CO3solut
ionusi
ngmethylor
angeasindi
cator.

5.Simil
arl
y,st
andardizeNaOHsol
uti
onbyti
tr
ati
ngitagai
nst
standar
dizedHClsoluti
onusi
ngphenol
pht
halei
nasindi
cator
.

6.Powdert
hev
ari
oussampl
esofant
aci
dtabl
etsandwei
gh1.
0gof
each.

7.Addaspecif
icvol
umeofst andar
dizedHCltoeachofthewei ghed
samplei
stakeninconical
flasks.Theacidshoul
dbeinslightexcess,
sothati
tcanneutr
ali
zeallthealkal
inecomponentofthetablet
.

8.Add2dropsofphenol
phthal
einandwarmthefl
askt
il
lmostof
powderdi
ssol
ves.Fi
lt
erofft
heinsolubl
emat
eri
al.

9.Tit
rat
ethissol ut
ionagai
nstthestandardi
zedNaOHsoluti
on,
til
la
permanentpinkishtingei
sobtained.Repeatt
hisexper
imentwi
th
di
ffer
entantacids.
ACTI
ONMECHANI
SM
Antaci dsper form aneutral
izati
onreaction,i.e.t
heybuffergastri
c
acid, r
aisingt hepHt oreduceaci di
tyinthest omach.Whengast ri
c
hydr ochloricacidreachesthener vesinthegast r
oint
esti
nal mucosa,
theysi gnal paintothecentralnervoussy stem.Thi shappenswhen
thesener vesar eexposed,asinpept iculcers.Thegastri
caci dmay
alsor eachul cersintheoesophagusort heduodenum.Ot her
mechani smsmaycont r
ibute,suchast heef fectofal
umi nium i
ons
i
nhi bit
ingsmoot hmusclecellcontracti
onanddel ayi
nggast r
ic
empt yi
ng.
 CERTI
FICATE

Thisist ocer
ti
fyt hatShalini,st
udentofclassXII-
B, Kendriy
a
Vidyal
ay aRRC, Fatehgarhhascompl etedtheprojecttit
led“Analy
sis
ofgivensampl esofCommer ci
alAntacids”dur i
ngt heacademi c
year2019–2020t owar dspar ti
alf
ulf
il
mentofcr editforthe
Chemi strypr
acticalevaluationofCBSE2019, submi ttedsatisf
actor
y
report
, ascompi l
edint hef oll
owingpages,undermysuper visi
on.

I
NTERNALEXAMI
NER: EXTERNALEXAMI
NER:

Mi
ssShr
addhaShukl
a

P.
G.T.(
Chemi
str
y)
BI
BLI
OGRAPHY
1.WEBSI
TES:

 www.
wiki
pedi
a.or
g

 www.
googl
e.com

 www.
ask.
com

 www.
phar
maceut
ical
-dr
ugmanuf
act
urer
s.com

 www.
answer
s.y
ahoo.
com

2.BOOKS:

 Compr
ehensi
vePr
act
ical
Manual
forcl
assXI
I

 Pr
adeep’
sNewCour
seChemi
str
y

 NCERTCl
assXI
IPar
tII
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Iwouldliketoexpressmyspecial
thanksofgrat
itudet
oMissShr addha
Shukla,TeacherofDepar
tmentofChemi st
ryf
orherableguidanceand
usefulsuggesti
ons,whi
chhelpedmei ncomplet
ingthepr
ojectwork,in
ti
me.

Iwoul
dalsol
i
ketothankal
ltheteachi
ngandnon-
teachingstaffof
Chemi
str
ydepart
mentwhohelpedmedi r
ect
lyori
ndirectl
yinthe
compl
eti
onofthi
sproj
ect
.

Fi
nall
y,y
eti
mport
ant
ly,
Iwouldli
ketoexpressmyheartf
eltt
hankstomy
bel
ovedpar
entsf
ort
heirbl
essi
ngs,myfri
ends/cl
assmatesforthei
r
hel
pandwishesf
ort
hesuccessful
completionoft
hispr
oject.

Shal
i
ni

XI
I-
B
OBSERVATI
ONSANDCALCULATI
ONS:

1.St
andar
dizat
ionofHCl
sol
uti
on:
Vol
umeofNa2CO3sol
uti
ont
aken=20.
0ml

S.
NO. I
NITI
AL FI
NAL VOLUMEOF
BURETTE ACIDUSED
BURETTE
READING
READING

1. 0 15 15.
0ml

2. 15 30 15.
0ml

3. 30 45.
1 15.
1ml

Concor
dantv
olume=15.
0ml
Appl
yi
ngnor
mal
i
tyequat
ion,
N1V1=N2V2
N1*15.
0=1*20
Nor
mal
i
tyofHCl
,N1=0.
133N

2.St
andar
dizat
ionofNaOHsol
uti
on:
Vol
umeoft
hegi
venNaOHsol
uti
ont
aken=20.
0ml
S.
NO. I
NITI
AL FI
NAL VOLUMEOF
BURETTE ACIDUSED
BURETTE
READING
READING

1. 0 26.
6 26.
6ml

2. 26.
6 53.
3 26.
7ml

3. 53.
3 79.
9 26.
6ml

Concor
dantv
olume=26.
6ml
Appl
yi
ngnor
mal
i
tyequat
ion,
N1V1=N2V2
0.
133*26.
6=N2*20
Nor
mal
i
tyofNaOH,
2=0.
176N
3.Anal
ysi
sofant
aci
dtabl
et:
Wei
ghtofant
aci
dtabl
etpowder=1.
0g
Vol
umeofHCl
sol
uti
onadded=20.
0ml
ANTACI
D VOLUMEOF VOLUMEOFHClUSED
TONEUTRALI
ZE
NaOH USEDTO
NEUTRALI
ZEHCl 1.
0gm ANTACI
D

Gel
usi
l 12.
1ml 12.
0ml

Di
gene 16.
0ml 16.
2ml

Al
udr
ose 19.
3ml 18.
9ml

Logas 24.
3ml 24.
4ml

Rani
ti
dine 21.
4ml 21.
4ml

Oci
d20 22.
7ml 21.
9ml

RESULT:
Theant
aci
dwhichhasmaximum v
olumeofHCl
isusedf
orneut
ral
i
zing
i
.e.OCI
D20ismoreeff
ect
ive.
 COMPLETI
ONREPORT

I
tisdeclaredthati
nvesti
gator
yprojectsubmit
tedbyt hestudenti
s
t
hor oughl
ychecked,remarkedandiscompl et
elysat
isfact
oryaccordi
ng
t
ot heguidancerequi
redtotheteacher.

Mi
ssShr
addhaShukl
a
P.
G.T(
Chemi
str
y)
Kendr
iyaVi
dyal
ayaRRCFat
ehgar
h
 CONTENTS:

1. Acknowl
edgement
2. Cer
ti
fi
cat
e
3. Experi
ment(
Aim,
Theor
y,Appar
atus,
Procedur
e,
Pr
ecaut
ions)
4. Obser
vat
ionTabl
e
5. Resul
t
6. Bi
bli
ogr
aphy
7. Compl
eti
onRepor
t