Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

ʑ. ɳɑȷ˜ƎɳɇƎ˳Ɋ (Introduction)
ɑɑɌǒƕɅɇƎɍɽɅɮɎɃƙɊɆȥƆɌȷɸɳljɹƙɆɳǎɹɴɍƛȶɳǷ
ƙɁȶɽȷɸɀɭȷȲǁ Ǝ ɍ ɳɒˊɋɳȼˊɌɁɯƺʒɊɭȳƷɌɑɸ ƴɅɽʉ ȴɬɺ
ƳɌɳɇƐɌɆɅƐɭȲɆȥƆɌɈɪɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳɍˊɳǵɳǕɋƙȴɫɹ Ʌɩȶ
ɃɆɽɃɍɽɅȶɫ ȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ɳȼȲɴȼɍNjɅɔɸɳɈɳˊ ɍˊǒƕɅʆ ɳDŽɹɆƺ
ɪ
njɻȶǁȲʁɳƽɋ ƺɃɮɳǵɑɑɌǒƕɅ ȴƙɬ ɁȪɎLJɅȴɀdžɃɆɽ
Ʌȶ
ɫ ɆɅƐɭȲɆȥƆɌ ɳɒɋ ˊ ƺɄɊƗǂNJȴɳƙȷɅ ˊ ɑɑɌǒƕɅȴɀdž
ɃɆɽɃɍɽɅȶ ɫ ɆɅƐɭȲɈƴɪ ȶƴƚȶ ɸ ɴȼɍɆǁ Ǝ ɍɈƙɪ ɈɁɫ ƳɌɀ
Ǝɩ ɿ
Ɍȥƅɯ ɋȼɪʆ ɳDŽɹɆȲ ɪ ɭ ƒȶɁɸɆɅɽɌȥƅɯ ɋȼɪɳȳǜɋȲʁɳƽɋ ɔƒȲȴɀdž
ƙɁȪɎɴɁƙɆȩȶƙɆɋʂɁƒɆɴɅƏɊɈƳ ɪ ɌȴɀdžNJɈɋɁ ɬ ɑơɩɁɴȼɌʆ
1 2

ɑɑɌǒƕɅƺɳƙȷɅˊ ƙɁȪɎLJɅǒȶɑȶɽɳɓȶ ˊ Ɉɳɪ ɆɁɭȶǕɌɳɊɻʆ ʒ. ƙ˯ɳɉɃɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɸɭ (Structural Types)

ɑɑɌǒƕɅɴȼȲȲʁƙɁȪɎLJɅɳȴɳƙɆƙˊ LJɑɽɇȶɴȼɌ ɆɻɭɴɅƎNjɅȷɸɅɯɅ
ʒ.ʑ ɍȲɀ
ſ ɺɃɮɳǵ (General)
Ɂȷ
ɩ Ɂɮȷǁɑɽʆ ɑɑɌǒƕɅɴȼȲɃɆ ɪ ƙȹȩȶƺɊɯɋɅȶ ɫ ɳɆɁɭȶ
ɴȼɍɳȴɳȄǃ “ɑɑɌǒƕɅɑNjɑ” NjɅƳɌɋȲȷɁ
ɩ ƎɃɭȲ ƺɄɊƗǂ ɑɑɌǒƕɅƙɁȪɎLJɅɳƙɆƺ ˊ ljȲƘɃɮɳǵɑƙNjɆɽ
ƽȲɽƺƴƚȶ
ɸ džɳɈɍɂƗʉ
ɪ ʆ ƙɆɳɉɃɳɇƞȶʉɵɅɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳƙƳɊ ɴȼɍɑƏɩɁɳǷȷɳdžƚɹ
ƙɆɳǎɹɴɍƛȶɳȼȲ Ʌȶɩ ƙȴɹɫ ʆ
NjɅɊɳɄǚLJɋƺɳƙȷɅ ˊ ɵɅƳɌȲɸɀɁɽƙɆɳɉɃɑɑɌ
ǒƕɅʆ ɊɳɄǚLJɋɃʑ ɪ ȴɳɬ ƽɋǒɌNJɈƺɆɽɵɅɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸ
ɌɆɑɽǏɳǵɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳɍˊɺ ǒȷɽɴɁɊɯɋ/ƸȲɽȼɸǁɍƵƒ
(monolithic) ɞ ƸȲɽƽȷɽ (cantilever)ʆ ɎɄ
ɩ ɪɳɇƞȶɊɯɋɳɃȢɁ
3 4
ȴɬɳƽɋǒɌɌɮɆǍȶɊɭȳƳɁɽɺ ǂɅɽ ɞƙɆɳǓȶ Ɋɮɍ ɔȼƊɳƳɀ
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 1
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

ȸɌɳƳɀ Ɍ ɬ ȷɁɭɳƳɀʆ ǏȲʁǕȷƙɁȪɎLJɅɳȴɴȻȲ ɳƽɋǒɌ ƺɳɌȟɋʉ ɑɑɌǒƕɅȹȦƅȶ ɸ ǂɅɽ ȼɮȷNjɅɆƷƟȻȲƒɭȶ

ɌɮɆɑǁƊ ɅɳƙƵȶɌɆɑɽǏɺ ɑɑɌɳDŽɍ ɞ ɳƙȷɅ ˊ , ɑɑɌ ɌɮɆɃɪ ʓa Ʌɩȶʔ ƙɁȪɎLJɅɳȴƙɆɪƙLJɑɽɑƙNjɆɽǒƕɅȸƚȶƳɁɽɇɮ Ɏƚ
ȲǙɍȻȻɯɌ ɞɬ ɑɑɌȹȦƅȶ ɸ ʆ ɃɫȲ ɈɪɳƙljɹɈɯȲǏǕȷƙɁȪɎLJɅɑȶɽɳɓˊȶƺɊɯɋɑNjNjƙɁ
ʒ.ʒ ɍȲȳ ſ ɀƋɳƙȹɑ
ˊ ɳɌɑ
ˊ (Selection Criteria) ɴȼɍNjɅDŽɸȶNJɈƙǒɎ Ʌȶ ɩ ɴɎȶʆ ɍȲſɀɺɌɮɆǍȶDŽɸȶɳɅɹ
ƳɌɳƙȹɑ
ˊ ɳɌɑƙɆɳɉɃɑɑɑƙNjɆɽ
ˊ ǒƕɅ ȴɯɌɴɁɈȶ
ɫ ɴɇƒȲ ɑɊɅȶ ɫ ȳƚɯɅǏLjƐɍɽɇȶɴȼɌ ȷɸɳljɹƳɌɇƎɍɽɅɮɎNJɈɃɆɽ(ƳɌǍɌ)
ɩ NjƙɁǒȜɑƎʆ ɳǒɉʂɀ
ɳɍˊɁƙɊȪɎƳɌɊɭȳƷɌ, ɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸ Ʌȶ ɁɮȷɆɸɇɭɁɅȶ ɫ Ɍ ɸɒɮɃȲ
ɫ ȹɸɅɅɽʆ
NJɈƺȲǂžɑɸ ƴɅɽǁɑɽɵɅƳɌɳƙȹɑ ˊ ɳɌɑɑɸ
ˊ ǍɆɽǒƕɅɇƚɮƺɁɩ
ɃɸɳɅɆ
ˊ Ʉɸʉ ȴƺ
ɬ ɴɇƒȲɊɯɋɵɅƳɌɍɸ ɔƙȲȩȶʆ ɌɮɆɃɪ ʑ ɆƷƟȻɈɪ
ƳɁɽƙȹɍȶɉƒɳɸ Ƿɳɍˊȼɪ ɳɒɋˊ ɌɮɆɃɪ ƙɆɳɉɃɌɮɆǍȶɊɭȳƳɁɽɃɃɫȶ
ȴɸɌɮɑƙNjɆɽǒƕɅȸƚȶƳɁɽɇɮ Ɏƚ ɅɩȶǒƕɅ ʒ ɆƷƟȻɈɪƙɆɳɉɃɌɮɆǍȶ ɌɮɆɃʑ
ɪ : ƙɆɳɉɃɌɮɆǍȶɊɭȳƳɁɽɑɑɌǒƕɅɑƙNjɆɽȸƚȶƳɁɽɇɮ ƚɎ
6
ȴɸɌɮɊɋ
ɯ ȷɸɅɯɅɑƙNjɆɽɑɑɌǒƕɅȸƚȶƳɁɽɑɫ Ɛȶ ɃɳɅƚ ɅɩȶɇƚɮɎɃɫȲʆ5 Ʌȶɩ ƙȹɍȶɉƒɸ

ɌɮɆɃɪʒ: ƙɆɳɉɃɌɮɆǍȶɊɭȳƳɁɽɑɑɌǒƕɅɑƙNjɆɽȸƚȶƳɁɽ ɌɮɆɃʓ

ɪ : ƙɆɳɉɃɑɑɌȴɸɌɮɑƙNjɆɽǒƕɅɴȼȲ
ɑƐɫȶ ɃɳɅƚ ɅɩȶɇƚɮɎɃɫȲ 7 8
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 2
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

ɌɮɆɃɪʔ: ƙɆɳɉɃɑɑɌ ɅɩȶɌɮɆǍȶɑɑɌȴɸɌɮɑƙNjɆɽǒƕɅȸƚȶ ɌɮɆɃʔ

ɪ : ƙɆɳɉɃɑɑɌ Ʌȶ ɩ ɌɮɆǍȶɑɑɌȴɸɌɮɑƙNjɆɽǒƕɅȸƚȶ
ƳɁɽɃɳɅƚ Ʌȶ
9 10
ƳɁɽɃɳɅƚ Ʌɩȶ ɇƚɮɎɃɫȲ ɫ
ɩ ɇƚɮɎɃȲ

ɑɑɌɈɌɪ ɞ ɳƙȷɅ ˊ (column bent pier) ɇƞɸɳɓȶ

ˊ ɈɄ
ɪ Ɋ
ɫƒ
ȴɸɌɆ (cap beam) ɳɒɋ ˊ ƙɃɳƽɋɑɑɌƺɃɸɌȶɽɳƙƵȶʆ
ɑɑɌɈɌɪ ɞ ɳƙȷɅ ˊ NjɅɆƷƟȻȲƒɭȶɌɮɆɃɪ ʓc Ʌȶ ɩ ʕ ǕȷƙɁȪɎ
LJɅɳƙɆɳˊ ȼɊ
ˊ Ɠƙɪ ɃɄƒɊ ɸ ȶɳɍˊȲLJ
ɫ ɴȼȲɵɅɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭƴ ʁ Ʌ ɞ ɳƙɆˊ
ƺɑɑɌǒȷɽɌɊ ɩ ǒ
ɯ ɊɯɋȲʁLJɅɴȼɌ ɴȼɍɳƙɆɎˊ Ʉ ɪ ȜɑƎǒȶɑȶɽ
ƸȲɽɅȶ
ɫ ȲɴɅƚȶʆ
ɑɑɌǒƕɅNJƅɆɽɳȷȻɈɑ ɪ ɑɌƙȴɹɫ (pile extension
pier) ɇƞɸɳɓˊȶɈɪɑɌɑɌȳɯȶƺƙȴɫɹ Ʌȶ
ɩ ɑɑɌɊɮɍ ɴȼɍNJƅɆɽ
ɳȷȻɈɪɑɌɑɌƙȴɫɹɳǵƺɃɸɌȶɽɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭƴɸ ȶɳƙƳɊʆ ȴɭɀ
ɑɊƓɁƎɩƺȲɽɴɑƎȶɵɅƙɆɳɉɃɑɌɑɌǒƕɅɳɅɹ ȴɬǃǏƙɁȪɎƳɌ
ɌɮɆɃʕ
ɪ : ƙɆɳɉɃɑɑɌɑƙNjɆɽǒƕɅɳɆɁɭȶ
ɆɌNjɀɃ
ɩ ɪɃɸɳɅɌɁɮȷɆɸɇɭɁʆ 11 12
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 3
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

ƳɌɳƙȹɑ ˊ ɳɌɑƙɆɳɉɃɑɌɑɌǒ
ˊ ƕ ɅɑɊɌɊƘǕƙɑʂɋɳǵ ʓ. ɆɅƐȲȴɀdžɑɑɌǒ
ɭ ƕ Ʌ (Design Loads)
ɳɍˊȲǂƎɳƙȷˊɅnjɻȶʆ ȲǂƎȷɸɆȶɵɅȲǂƎDŽɸȶɔɑɽɳdžɹǕƙɑʂɋ
ɑɑɌǒƕɅ ƺɄɊƗǂɌȶɅɮɎȲNjƚȶ ɸ ɅɩȶɆɅƐɭȲȷɍʂɁɈɪ
ɳǵɳɍˊƙɆɳɉɃɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳɍˊʆ
ɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳɍˊ ɳɒɋˊ ȲNjƚȶɸ NjɅɔɸɳɈLjˊ Ɛ ɍɽɳɍˊ ɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸ
ƴȶɳƙƳɊʆ ɆɅƐɭȲ Ʌȶ ɩ ȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ɊɯɋȷɸɅɯɅ ɴȼɍƙɁȪɎNjɅɔɸɳɈɳˊ ɍˊ
ɸ ȶɳƙƳɊ ɌɯɊNjɅɺ
ɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭƴ
Ɣ ɆɅƐɭȲɳɂɌ (Dead loads)
Ɣ ɆɅƐɭȲɔɳɂɌ Ʌȶɩ Ⱦǁ
ɪ Ɋɭȷ
ɩ ɳȷȻɈɳɪ ƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳɍˊ
(Live loads and impact from superstructure)
Ɣ ɆɅƐɭȲȳƘɍɽɳɍˊɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸ Ʌȶ
ɩ ɆɅƐɭȲɔɳɂɌnjɅɋɅƎ
(Wind loads on the structure and the live loads)
13 14

Ɣ ȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ƸȲɇƃɩɁɳȷȻɈɳɪ ƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳɍˊ Ɣ ȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ɆǁƎ ɍɈƳ
ɪ ɌƙɑȲNjȾ Ʌȶ
ɩ ȲɸɳǮ
(Centrifugal force from the superstructure) (Thermal and shrinkage forces)
Ɣ ȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ǂɊɆɳǁ Ǝ ɋɳȷȻɈɆ ɪ ɅƐɭȲɔɳɂɌ Ɣ ȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ɆɭȲɃɅƐȲ
ɫ ɌɆɑɽȲLJɻɍɽ (Ship impact forces)
(Longitudinal force from live loads) Ɣ ȲNjƚȶɸ Ɇǁ Ǝ ɍɈɳɪ ƙɆȲɭȶƙǂɸȶɵɅɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳɍˊ
Ɣ ȲNjƚȶɸ ɔɮɑDŽȻ Ɇǁ Ǝ ɍɈƳ ɪ ɌȲȲɁ ɩ ɳǷƙɁȶɽȲɸɀɍɽ (Force due to prestressing of the
(Drag forces due to the friction at bearings) superstructure)
Ɣ ɑNjƕɄDžȲɽɌɆɑɽȼɪ (Earth pressure) Ɣ ȲNjƚȶɸ Ɇǁ Ǝ ɍɈɑ ɪ ƙɊȩɁɌɆɑɽƙȴɹɫ
Ɣ ɑNjƕɄɌ ɸɒɮɃȲɫ (Stream flow pressure) (Forces due to settlement of foundation)
Ɣ ɑNjƕɄɆɭȲɌɆɑɽɃȲ ɫ ȲȲ (Ice pressure)
Ɣ ȲNjƚȶ
ɸ Ɍȥƅɯ ɋȼɪ (Earthquake forces)
15 16
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 4
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

Ɛ
ʓ.ʑ ɆɅɭ ȲɔɳɂɌ (Live load) ǂǍȶɃʑ ɪ
ɪ : ɔɸɳɈɵˊ ɅɆɅƐɭȲȾǁ Ɋɭȷ
ɩ , IM

ɆɅƐɭȲɔɳɂɌǒƕɅƺɆɅƐɭȲɴȼɍɆƷƟȻ ɞɋɍɽƙɈɊɳƽɋ ɑNjɑNJɈ (Components) IM

ɁɸɀȲƙNjɍǒƕɅ – ƙȴɆɽǒƏɅNJɈȲɸɀɁɽ
NjƃɑɽǒƕɅʆ ɆɅƐɭȲɔɳɂɌDŽɸȶɳɅɹ ƺɃɮɳǵNjɅ ɆƷƟȻȲƒɭȶ 75%
ɆɃƽƊɅȴɀdž NjɅȼɮȷƺɆɃƽƊɅȴɀdžǒƕɅ AASHTO (Joint Deck – All Limit State)
LRFD ƺɳȼˊɊʆ NjɅɍȲſȳɀƋɆɅƐɭȲɈɩɳɑɑɳɇƞȶʉɳɃȢɁ ƙȴɆɽɑNjɑNJɈɳɇƞȶʉɳƙǤɈɪɁɸɀǒƕɅ
ɴȼɍȴɯɌɴɁɆȦƅȲɽɳǷȲƒɭȶɡȲǒɌȲɩȷƃɑɅǚʆ (All Other Component)
Ɣ ǒƏɅNJɈȲɸɀɁɽƳɌɴɆȲLJȲɽ ɅɩȶNJɈɌɯɋ 15%
(Fatigue and Fraction Limit State)
Ɣ ƙȴɆɽǒƏɅNJɈȲɸɀɁɽɳɇƞȶʉɳɃȢɁ 33%
(All Other Limit States)
17 18

ʔ. ɍȲſȳɀƋȴɀdž (Design Criteria)

ʔ.ʑ ɳɑȷȲɑɳȶ
ɪƎ Ɇ
ſ (Overview)

ƳɌȴɀdžǍɍɽɑNjDžɁɭɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭ,ɸ ƳɌȴɀdžɑɑɌ
ˊ ƓɆ
ǒƕɅ ɞɑɑɌ ȴƙɬ ɁȪɎLJɅɔɅɭɎɁƎɅɿ ɳȼɊ ɪ ɸɳɈȻƙȴɆɽɍȲſȳɀƋ
NJɈɄɅɽ Ʌȶ
ɩ NJɈǕȷɆɳƙɊɆ ˊ ƙNjɑɽLJɅʆ ɑɑɌǒƕɅ ȴɯɌɴɁ
ƙɁȪɎLJɅȴɀdžɃɆɽɃɍɽƳɌȼɯɍɌɍɸ , ȲNjƚȶ ɸ Ɍɔɍɩ ɴȼɍɔɅɭɎɁƎ
ɅɿɳȷȻɈɳɪ ƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳɍˊɳǵɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸƴȶɳƙƳɊɵɅǒƕɅʆ
ɑɑɌǒƕɅƺɑNjɑDžɁɭɳƙȴȠȶɆȶƀɭɸɊɋ ɯ ɴȼɍɌȶɅɮɎ
ȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ɇƞɸɵɅȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ɑȶžɁȷ
ɽ ɸɇƃɁ
ɩ ƳɌɈɁɽɆɳƷžȶ Ʌȶ ɸ ƳɁɽʆ
ɩ ȲNjƚȶ
ɌɮɆɃʖ ˊ ƓɃ
ɪ : ƳɌɁɸɳɌȢɆɆɅƐɭȲȲȶɽɌɂɋɅƎɳȼɊ ɻ ɽ
ɪ ɃɯɍLJɅɊɻɮɊȶ
Ɏȹƅ
ɩ NjɅɔɁɆ ɩ ɌNj 19 20
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 5
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

Ƒ
ʔ.ʒ NJɈƙǒɎ ɅɩȶɗɃɩɈɍȼ ɳɬ ƙȲɃɪʒ - ɑƙNjɽɔȶžɁɌɽ ȶȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ɑȶžɁNj
ɽ ɅȷɅƐɍɽɃɆɽƳɌɳnjɍƴȶɺ
(Slenderness and Second-Order Effect)
KL u § 12M1b ·
ƳɌȴɀdžɔȶžɁɌɽ ȶȲNjƚȶ
< 34 − ¨¨ ¸¸ (1)
ɸ ɑȶžɁƙɽ ɁȪɎɴɁǕƙɑʂɋɳɍˊ r © M2b ¹
ȲNjƚȶ ɸ ȷɸɇɩƃɁ ɅɩȶɊɻɮɊȶ ɩ
ɻ ɽ ɴȼɍȴɀdžɳȷȻɈɪƳɌɎNJȴɳƙȴȠȶɆȶ ʄ
ȴɭɸʆ ƺɃɮɳǵ ƙɃɫɑɪ ƎɆɃƙɆɴɎȶƽɆɁɮȷ ȴɬƙȴɆɽƙƵɅɽɑƙNjɆɽƳɌ ɴȼɍ M1b ȴƺɬ ɁɵɊƚɊɮɊɻ ȶɻ Ɂ
ɽ ɮȷɳǷƴȶɔȶžɁɑ ɽ ȶžɁɽ -
ɎNJȴɄƒ Ɋ Ɏȹƅ
ɩ NjɅ ɳɆɑ ˊ ɩ ɅɔȶžɁɈ ɽ ɁɽȲɭ ƒȶȲɸɳǁȶɳDŽɍ
ɩ ɫ -ƙɆɳɉɃɔȶžɁɳɽ ɇƞȶʉʆ ɳDŽɹɆƺ ɪ njɻȶǁ ɑƙNjɆɽ
ɔȶžɁɌɽ ȶȲNjƚȶ ɸ ɑȶžɁɗ
ɽ ɃƑɈ ɔɎȹƅɩ NjɅ ɳɆɑ ˊ ɩ ɅɔȶžɁɈ ɽ ɁɽȲɭ ƒȶȲɸɳǁȶɳɃƛʆ
ɩ ɍȼɬɳƙȲɃʒ
ɪ (second-order effect)
ƙɁȪɎɴɁɈƸ M2b ȴƺ ɻ ȶ
ɬ ɁɵɊƚɊɮɊ ɻ Ʉ
ɽ ɸɳǷƴȶȷɭȶɔȶžɁɑ
ɽ ȶžɁɽ - ɁɵɊƚ
ɩ ɌǁɇȶɴȼɌʆ
Ɏȹƅ
ɩ NjɅƺɅȷ
ɩ ƃ

21 22

- ɑƙNjɆɽɔȶžɁɌɽ ȶȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ɑȶžɁɊ
ɽ Ʌ
ɩ NjɅȷɅƐɍɽɈƙȶɫȶ ɻ Nj
ɴȼɍ M2b = ɊɻɮɊȶ ɽ ɅɔɸɳɈˊɳɍˊɔȶžɁɌɽ ȶȲNjƚȶɸ ɑȶžɁɽ ɆǁƎ ɍ
ɈɪɆɅƐɭȲɃɸdžȻȴɩɁDŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀ ɴȼɍɆȶž ɳǕɋƵƗɅ
KLu
< 22 (2) ɳnjɍƴȶ ɴȼɍȴɀdžɳƽɋƳɌɎNJȴɳƙƵȶ ɩ
r ɳɔǔɑƐɩȷȼɬɳƙȲɃʒ ɪ ǒɊȥƈ ɁɵɊƚɴɁȶɴɁɎȹƅ ɩ NjɅƺɅȷ ɩ ƃʆ
ƙɆɑɩɅɳɆˊɇɍɳɄȢɆNJɈƙǒɎ KLu/r ɳɍˊɑɈɪ 100, ɳDŽɹɆɪ M2s = ɊɻɮɊȶɻ Nj ɸ ɑȶžɁɽ Ɇǁ
ɽ ɅɔɸɳɈɳˊ ɍˊɔȶžɁɌɽ ȶȲNjƚȶ Ǝ ɍ
njɻȶǁȲʁɳƽɋ ɁƙɊȪɎɳǕɋNjɅƳɌɎNJȴɊ ɩ Ʌ
ɩ ɍɪɳɅɴɔɼɌɈɪȼɬ ɈɆ
ɪ ɅƐɭȲɈƴɪ ȶ ɞɆɅƐɭȲɃɸdžȻ ɴȼɍƺɳɒɁɭ ɆɀƎɍ
ɳƙȲɃɪʒɍɸ ɔɩɁɆɴɅƏɊɳɃȢɁʆ ɳǕɋƳɌɳnjɍƴȶ Ó Ʉɸƺȶ Lu/1500, ȴɀdž
ɊɻɮɊȶ
ɻ ȴ
ɽ Ɂ
ɩ DŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀ Ʌȶ
ɫ ƙɁȪɎLJɅɆɴɅƏɊɳȼˊɊƓɆ
ɪ ƷƟȻɈɪ ɳƽɋƳɌɎNJȴɳƙƵȶɳɔǔɑƐ
ɩ ɩ ȷȼɬɳƙȲ Ƀʑ
ɪ ǒɊȥƈ ɴɁȶ
ɗɃƑɈ
ɩ ɍȲɸɒɮȷƙɃȶɽƙDŽɋȼɮȷƴȶɳƙƳɊɺ ɴɁƺɁɵɊƚɎȹƅɩ NjɅ
M c = δ b M 2 b + δs M 2 s (3)
23 24
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 6
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

ɳɊȴɭɀɆɴɅƏɊɊɻɮɊȶ
ɻ ƙɽ ɁȪɎLJɅȲɸɀɁɽȼɮȷƴȶɳƙƳɊɺ π2 EI
Pc = ( 6)
Cm (KL u )2
δb = ≥ 1 .0 ( 4)
Pu
1− ɻ Ɉ
Cm = ɳɊȴɭɀɴȼɍDŽȲɽɃȶƺɊɯɋȼǚƙƳɊɊɻɮɊȶ ɽ Ɂ
ɩ
φΣPc
ƙLJȲȼɳǵɅȶ ɻ Ɉ
ɫ ȼǚƙƳɊɊɻɮɊȶ ɽ ƙƷɋɳɑƗˊ ɑɊɊɮɍ, ȴƺ
ɬ ɄɊƗ
1 ǂɋȲɳɑƗˊ 1.0ʆ ɳDŽɹƺnjɻȶǁ ȲƒɭȶȲɌɀɪɴȼɍɔȶžɁNj ɽ Ʌ
δs = ≥ 1. 0 (5)
ΣPu ȷɅƐɍɽɈƙȶȶ
ɫ ɃɆɽɅȶ
ɫ ƳɌɳnjɍƴȶ Ʌȶ ɫ
ɩ ƵƗɅɆɅƐɭȲǂɊɃɃȶ
1−
φΣPc ȷɳdžƚɹɃƙɊ ǏƙɁȪɎLJɅȲɸɀɁɽɋȲɳƽɋȲɳɅǜɊƴȶɳƙƳɊɺ

ɴȼɍ Pu = ɆɅƐɭȲɑȶžɁȴɽ Ɂ
ɩ DŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀ §M ·
Cm = 0.60 + 0.40¨¨ 1b ¸¸ (7 )
© M 21b ¹
Pc = ɆɅƐɭȲɳƙƵɹǃƒȲɽ Euler ɴȼɍƙɁȪɎLJɅ
ȴɀdžȼɮȷƴȶɳƙƳɊɺ 25 26

ɳȼɊ
ˊ Ɠȴ
ɪ ɀdžɌȲNJɈɌȶɈɁɽ
ɫ ɆɳƷžȶ EI ɑƙNjɆɽɑɑɌ Ig = ɊɻɮɊȶɻ Ʌɽ ȷ ɸ Ɋɮɍ
ɩ ɍNJɈɊɭȳƳɁɽDŽȶ
ɳɆɁɭȶ, AASHTO ɇƎɍɽɳǕɋȼɸɳǁɹƙǒɋʒ: ɴȼɍɃɪʑȴɬɺ ɻ Ʌ
Is = ɊɻɮɊȶ ɽ ȷɩ ɍNJɈɌɆɑɽɴȼȲɳɄȢɆɅȶɫ ɔʂȲƞɃƙɪ ɆȹɭɸɃɸȶɅɽ
Ⱦ = ɇɍɳɄȢɆɵɅɊɻɮɊȶ
ɻ Ɇ ɩ ɌNjɅȶ ɻ Ɇ
ɫ ɊɻɮɊȶ
EcI g
ɽ ɅƐɭȲɳɂɌɔɁɆ ɽ ɅƐɭȲ
+ EsIs ɑɌɭɆ ƺɅȷ ɩ NjɅʆ
EI = 5 (8)
ɩ ƃƺƳɍɎȹƅ
1 + βd
Ʌȶ
ɩ Ƀʒ
ɪ ȴɺɬ EcIg
EI = 2.5 (9 )
1 + βd
ɴȼɍ Ec = ɊɻɮȾɭɍɳɔǔɑƐɩȷɌɆɑɽɳɆɁɭȶ
27 28
Es = ɊɻɮȾɭɍɳɔǔɑƐɩȷɌɆɑɽɴȼȲ
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 7
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

ʔ.ʓ ɑɑɌǒƕɅɳɆɁɭȶ (Concrete Piers and Columns) ɆɃƽƊɅɔɅɭȦƈɁɇȶɴȼɌ ɑƙNjɆɽɁɵɊƚ ‫ ׎‬ƙɁȪɎLJɅɳȲɅ

ˊ ɳɓȶ
ˊ
ʔ.ʓ.ʑ NJɈɄɅɽɇƞɸɆɅƐɭȲȷɸɇƃɩɁ Ʌȶ ɻ Ɉ
ɩ ɊɻɮɊȶ ɽ ɁɽɆɳƷžȶ ɸ
ƺɍɪɳɅɴɔɼɌɳȷȻɈɪɁɵɊƚɴȼɍƙɁȪɎƵƒɑƙNjɆɽɔȶžɁɌɽ ȶȲNjƚȶ
ɍȲſȳɀƋɃȼ ɩ ƊNJɈɵɅƳɌȴɀdžɑɑɌǒƕɅ ȴƺ ɬ ƳɌ ɑȶžɁȼ
ɽ ɍɽɁɵɊƚƺȲɽǎȲɽɑƙNjɆɽƳɌɈɁɽɆɳƷžȶ ɴȼɍɳɑƗˊɅɫȶ
ȴɀdžɵɅɔȶžɁɌɽ ȶȲNjƚȶɸ ɑȶžɁʆ
ɽ ɳɋȶ
ˊ Ʌȶ
ɫ ɳƙɆƙˊ LJɑɽɆɃƽƊɅ 0.9 ƺɆɅƐɭȲȷɸɇƃɩɁ ȴɀdž Pn ȷɭɹɂɋɳȷȻɈɪ ͲǤͳͲ݂ǯ௖ ‫ܣ‬௚
ȴɀdžǒƕɅ AASHTO LRFD ƺƙɆɉɈɡȲǒɌɳnjȶʆ ȼɍɽɑɮɅƘʆ
ɳƙƳɊƳɌȴɀdžǒƏɅNJɈȲɸɀɁɽNJɈɄɅɽ NJɈɄɅɽȴɁ ɩ
DŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀ ȴƙɬ ɁȪɎLJɅȴɀdžƺɊɯɋɇɍɩɁɇɍɵɅNJɈɄɅɽ
ɳȼˊɊ Pn Ʌȶ
ɩ ɳɊȴɭɀNJɈɄɅɽ ‫׎‬ʆ NjɅɁɵɊƚʒɳɇƞȶƵƒɵɅ ‫ ׎‬ȴɬ
ƙɁȪɎLJɅɳƙɆɑˊ ƙNjɆɽNJɈɄɅɽɳȼɊˊ Pnʆ ȼɮɳȷƒɹ NJɈɄɅɽɆɅƐɭȲ
ɑȶžɁȴɽ Ɂ
ɩ DŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀ ‫ܲ׎‬௡ ɴȼɍɃɃɯɍLJɅ ɳƽɋɳƙɆˊ
‫ ׎‬ൌ ͲǤ͹ͷ ɑƙNjɆɽɑɑɌɴȼȲȲȶɎɍ
ɩ Ʌȶ
ɩ ɴȼȲȲȶɄɊƗǂʆ 29 30

ȼǚƙƳɊɔɅƎɌȲɊƗ (Interaction Diagrams)

ɌɮɆɃɪ ʗ ɆƷƟȻɈɳɪ ɑɌɵɅƳɌɈƙƷɋɎ
ɪ Ɍɮɩ ɆȲɊƗ Ʌȶ
ɩ ɍɃƑ
ɇɍȷɸɀɭȷɳɍˊȼǚƙƳɊɔɅƎɌȲɊƗʆ
ȈȲɸǎɸȶɑȶžɁɑ
ɽ ɭ ɃƑ (Pure Compression):
NJɈɄɅɽȷɸɇɁƃɩ ȴɁ ɸ ɑȶžɁɑ
ɩ DŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀɑƙNjɆɽȲNjƚȶ ɽ ɭ ɃƑ
‫׎‬Pn Ʌȶ
ɫ ƙɁȪɎLJɅȴɀdžɳƽɋɺ
ʑ. ɑƙNjɆɽɔȶžɁNj
ɽ ɅɴȼȲȲȶɎɍ
ɩ
Pr = φPn = φ0.85P0 = φ0.85 0.85f c' ( A g − A st ) + A st f y (10)
( )
ʒ. ɑƙNjɆɽɔȶžɁNj
ɽ ɅɴȼȲȲȶɄɊƗǂ
Pr = φPn = φ0.80P0 = φ0.80 0.85f c' ( A g − A st ) + A st f y (11)
( ) ɌɮɆɃʗ
ɪ : ƳɌɈƙƷɋɎɌɮɩ ɆȲɊƗƙɁȪɎƵƒɅȶ
ɫ ȷɸɀɭȷɳǷɳɍˊ
31 ȼǚƙƳɊɔɅƎɌȲɊƗ 32
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 8
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

• ɊɻɮɊȶ
ɻ Ɉ
ɽ ɁɽɑɭɃƑ (Pure Flexure): ȈɍȲſȳɀƋɎɌɮɩ ɆȲɊƗɁɭɍƘȲɊƗ
ƒ
ɊɭȳƳɁɽȲɭ ȶȲɌɀ ɻ Ɉ
ɪ ɳɅɹ ȴɬɌȶɅɮɎɊɻɮɊȶ ɽ ɁɽɴɁɊɯɋ ɳɒˊɋ (Balanced Strain Conditions):
ƵƗɅȲNjƚȶɸ ȷɸɇɩƃɁɳɃʆ NJɈɄɅɽɈɁɽɆɳƷžȶȴɩɁDŽɸȶ ɳɊȴɭɀ Mr Pr = φPb 0 = φ[0.85f c' ba b + A's f 's + A st f y ] (13)
Ʌȶ
ɫ ƙɁȪɎLJɅȴɀdžɳƽɋ Ʌȶ
ɩ
ª § ρf y ·º
¨
M r = φM n = φ « A st f y d¨1 − ¸
' ¸» M r = φM b 0 = φ[0.85f c' ba b (d − d' '−a b / 2
¬ © 1. 7 f c ¹ ¼
ª + A' s f ' s (d − d'−d' ' ) + A st f y d' ' ] (14)
§ a ·º
= φ« A st f y ¨ d − ¸» (12)
¬ © 2 ¹¼ ɴȼɍ
ɴȼɍ § 600 ·
As f y ab = ¨ s y
¸β1 d f ' = 600ª«1 − §¨ d ' ·¸§¨ 600 + f y ·¸º» ≤ f
a= ¨ 600 + f ¸ © d ¹ ¨ 600 ¸
0.85 f c'b © y ¹ ¬ © ¹ ¼
33 34

ȲɌɀˬɑɑɌƙȹȩȶɴȼɍNjɅɴȼȲɈƙƷɋ
(Rectangular Column with Distribution Bar)
1. ɍɸ Ʌȶ ɸ Equilibrium in force
ɫ ɵɅȲNjƚȶ
ns ns
Pn = C − T i = 0.85 ⋅f' c ⋅a ⋅b − ( As , i⋅f s , i) (15)
¦ ¦
i= 1 i= 1

ɻ ɽ Equilibrium in moment
2. ɍɸ ɅɫȶɵɅɊɻɮɊȶ
ns
§h a· ªT ⋅§ d − h ·º
Mn = P n ⋅e = C ⋅¨ − ¸ +
¦ « i¨ i ¸» (16)
© 2 2¹ ¬ © 2 ¹¼
i= 1
35 ɌɮɆɃɪʘ: ɊɭȳƳɁɽ ȼǚƙƳɊȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ɅɩȶɎɌɮɩ ɆȲɊƗ 36
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 9
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

ns ȲɌɀˬɑɑɌɊ ɮɍ (Circular Column)

§h a· ªA ⋅f ⋅§ d − h ·º
Mn = P n ⋅e = ( 0.85 ⋅ f' c ⋅a ⋅b) ⋅¨ − ¸ +
¦ « s,i s,i ¨ i ¸» - ƙȲǔɵɇƐ Ʌȶ ɸ ɊƂɅɵɽ ɅȷɳƙɊȣȲɳɆɁɭȶɑȶžɁɽ
© 2 2¹ ¬ © 2 ¹¼ ɩ Ƀƙɪ ɆȹɭɃ
i= 1
Dc
rc = ƳɸɵɅɑɑɌ
3. ɍȲſȳɀƋɆɅƞɭɎɪ Ɍɮɩ ɆȲɊƗ 2
Condition of strain compatibility
§ rc − a ·
α = acos ¨ ¸ Ɋɭɵɸ ɅȷɳƙɊȣȲɳɆɁɭȶɑȶžɁɽ
ε s,i di − c di − c r
© c ¹
= (17)
ε s,i = ε u⋅
εu c c 2
Ac = rc ⋅( α − sin( α ) ⋅cos ( α ) ) ƙȲǔɵɇƐȷɳƙɊȣȲɑɑɌ

di − c 3
f s , i = Es ⋅ε s , i = Es ⋅ ε u ⋅ (18) 2 ⋅ rc sin( α ) ȷNjƂɋɈɃɪ ƙɪ ȹȩɸɃɊƂɅɽ
c xc = ⋅
3 α − sin( α ) ⋅cos ( α ) ȷɳƙɊȣȲȼɍɽɔȲ ʂ ƞɑɑɌ
37 38

ɌɮɆɃʙ
ɪ : ɊɭȳƳɁɽɑɑɌɊɮɍ ɌɮɆɃɪʑʐ: ƙȲǔɵɇƐȷɳƙɊȣȲɌȶƛȶɽ

39 40
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 10
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

- ƳɌɈƙƷɋɴȼȲȲƒɭȶɊɭȳƳɁɽɑɑɌ
ǂȶ ns = ȷɸɅɯɅɴȼȲɑɌɭɆȲƒɭȶɊɭȳƳɁɽ

Ds = Dc − 2 ⋅cover ɆdžƐɁɽɇƃɩɁɔʂȲƞɴȼȲɳɊ

Ds
rs = ʂ ƞɴȼȲɳɊ
ƳɸȴɩɁɈɪɔȲ
2
2 ⋅π
αs = ⋅( i − 1) Ɋɭɳɸ ɄȢɆɅȶ
ɫ Ƀǂ ɸ ɴȼȲɳɊ
ɪ ȶ
i ns

di = rc − rs ⋅ cos αs ȷNjƂɋɃǂ ɸ ɴȼȲɳɊȴɁ

ɪ ȶ ɩ
ɌɮɆɃʑ
ɪ ʑ: ɍȲſɀɺɵɅȷɳƙɊȣȲɌȶƛȶɽ 41
( ) i ɈɴȴɊɳƙǤɵɅɊɭȳƳɁɽ
ɪ 42

ns
1. ɍɸ Ʌȶ ɸ Equilibrium in force
ɫ ɵɅȲNjƚȶ
Mn = 0.85 ⋅ f' c ⋅ Ac ⋅xc +
ns ¦ ª¬(Asi⋅fsi) ⋅(di − rc)º¼
i= 1
Pn = C − Ti (19)
¦
i= 1 3. ɍȲſȳɀƋɆɅƞɭɎɪ Ɍɮɩ ɆȲɊƗ
ns Condition of strain compatibility
P n = 0.85 ⋅f' c ⋅ Ac − εs
¦ (Asi⋅fsi) i di − c di − c
i= 1 = εs = ε u⋅ (21)
2. ɍɸ Ʌȶ ɻ ɽ Equilibrium in moment εu c i c
ɫ ɵɅɊɻɮɊȶ
ns di − c
Mn = P n ⋅e = C ⋅ xc + ª¬T i⋅( di − rc)º¼ (20) fs = Es ⋅ ε s = Es ⋅ ε u ⋅ (22)
¦ i i c
i= 1
43 44
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 11
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

Ɋɻ ɮɊɻȶɈ
ɽ ɁɽʒɃ˫ɑ (Biaxial Bending) ɳǷɳɈɍɴȼɍ Pu ≥ 0.10φf ' c A g
ȴɀdžNJɈɄɅɽɵɅɔȶžɁɊ
ɽ Ʌ ɻ ɽ
ɩ ɴɊɅǍȶɊɮɍ ɴȼɍɌȶɊɻɮɊȶ M ux M uy
ɈɁɽʒɃɩɑ ǕȷƙɁȪɎLJɅȴɀdžɌȲǂɊɆɃƽƊɅ AASHTO
+ ≤ 1. 0 ( 24)
M rx M ry
LRFD 5.7.4.5, ȹɅ
ɸ ɯɑƳɌɎNJȴɊɭ
ɩ ȳƳɁɽɃɮɳǵɴȼɍǕƙɑʂɋ
ɳǷɳɈɍɴȼɍ Pu < 0.10φf ' c A g
ɪ ɭȶƙǂɸȶ Ʌȶ
ɳɍˊNJɈɆɅƞɭȲ ɩ ɎɌɮɩ ɆȲɊƗ ɳƽɋɑɊƳ
ɪ ɌɊɯɋɵɅɑɊɪ
ƳɌƙɆǓȲɽƙɆɴɒɍƴȶɳƙƳɊɺ ɴȼɍ Prxy = NJɈɄɅɽȲNjƚȶ ɸ ȷɸɇɁƃɩ ȴɁ
ɩ DŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀȲƒɭȶƳɌɈɁɽ
ʒɃɑɩ
1 1 1 1
= + − ( 23) Prx, Pry = NJɈɄɅɽȲNjƚȶ ɸ ȷɸɇɁ ƃɩ ƽȷɽƴɁ ɴȼɍƙɁȪɎɅȶ
ɫ
Prxy Prx Pry P0
Mrx, Mry
ɻ ɔ
Mux, Muy = ɊɻɮɊȶ ɽ ɅɭɎɁƎɅȴ
ɿ Ɂ
ɩ DŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀɳɄȢɆɅȶ
ɫ ɔʂȲƞ
45 x Ʌȶ
ɩ y 46

Mrx, Mry = NJɈɄɅɽɈɁɽɆɳƷžȶȴɁ

ɩ DŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀɴɁɊɯɋ ʔ.ʓ.ʒ NJɈɄɅɽƳɁɽ
Ƀɑ
ɩ ɌɆɑɽɊɭȳƳɁɽɳɄȢɆɅȶɫ ɔʂȲƞ x Ʌȶ
ɩ y NJɈɄɅɽƳɁɽɳȼˊɊɇƎɍɽɳƽɋɳɆɁɭȶ Vc ɑƙNjɆɽɔȶžɁɌɽ ȶ
ƙɁȪɎƵƒɅȶ ɩ ɴȼɍɆɳȶžɁ
ɫ ȷɸǁȲɇƃɁ ˊ ɳƽɋ ɸ ɑȶžɁɽ ȴɯɌɴɁƙɁȪɎLJɅȴɀdžǂɊ
ɅɮɎƳɌɈɁɽɆɳƷžȶ ɅɩȶȲNjƚȶ
ɆɅƐɭȲȷɸɇɁƃɩ ɔɅɭɎɁɅɿȴɁ
ɩ DŽɸȶɳɊȴɭɀ
§ ·
Ʌȶ ɻ ɽ Ʌȶ
ɩ ɊɻɮɊȶ ɩ ¨
Vc = 0.165 1 + 3.45 × 10 −6 N u ¸
f ' A ( MPa) ( 25)
¨ A ¸ c e
P0 = 0.85 f 'c ( Ag − As ) + As f y © g ¹

ɸ DŽȻ ɳdžɹ Vc ȴɯɌɴɁȴɀdž
ɸ ȷɸɇƃɩɁƺȲNjƚȶ
ƙɆɑɩɅɳɆˊ ȲNjƚȶ
ǂɊ
§ N ·
Vc = 0.165¨1 + 1.38 × 10− 5 u ¸ f ' c A e ( MPa) (26)
¨ A g ¸¹
©
47 48
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 12
Civil Engineering Faculty Bridge Design

(ȷɸǁɸǃ Nu ɔɎȹƅ
ɩ NjɅɑƙNjɆɽȲNjƚȶ ɸ DŽȻ) § N ·
Vc = 0.165¨ 0.5 + 6.9 × 10− 6 u ¸ f ' c A e ( MPa) ( 27)
ɴȼɍ Ag = ƙȲǔɵɇƐɊɭȳƳɁɽDŽȶɸ ɊɮɍɵɅɑɑɌ ¨ A g ¸¹
©
Ae = ƙȲǔɵɇƐɊɭȳƳɁɽƙɆɑɩɃƑNJɈ ǕȷɋȲ 0.8Ag
ɸ DŽȻ ɳdžɹ Vc ǕȷƙɁȪɎ
ɳǷɳɈɍɴȼɍɆɅƐɭȲȷɸɇƃɩɁƺȲNjƚȶ
Nu = ȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ȷɸɇƃɩɁɔɅɭɎɁƎɅɳɿ ɍˊɑɑɌ
LJɅȴɀɅƺ
݂ǯܿ  ൌ NJɈɄɅɽɑȶžɁɌɽ ɆɑɽɳɆɁɭȶ
§ −5 Nu ¸
·
ƺɊɯɋɁɸɆɅɽɳǷȷɭȶɵɅɑɑɌ ɴȼɍɆdžƚɋȷNjƂɳɋȷȻ ¨
Vc = 0.165 1 + 1.38 × 10 f ' A ( MPa) ( 26)
¨ A ¸ c e
ɈɊ
ɪ ɭȳƳɁɽɳƙƵɹǃƒȲɽ ɞɊɭȳƳɁɽɊɅ
ɩ Ɂɮȷƺȶ 1.5D ɑƙNjɆɽ © g ¹

ɑɑɌɊɮɍ ɞ 1.5h ɑƙNjɆɽɑɑɌȷɁɭɳƳɀɴȲȶ NJɈɄɅɽ ȷɸǁɸɺ Nu ȴɯɌɴɁƺɁɵɊƚɔɎȹƅ

ɩ NjɅ ȲƒɭȶȲɌɀɪɳɅɹʆ
ƳɁɽɇƎɍɽɳǕɋɳƽɋɳɆɁɭȶ ɴȼɍɌȶɅɮɎƳɌɈɁɽɆɳƷžȶ Ʌȶ ɩ
ȲNjƚȶɑȶžɁȷ
ɽ ɸɇƃɁ
ɩ ȴɯɌɴɁƙɁȪɎLJɅɌȲǂɊ
49 50

ƳɌȷɮɍɌɯɊȲNjƚȶ
ɸ ƳɁɽɳȼˊɊɳȷȻɈɴɪ ȼȲ ɳǕɋɳƽɋɑ ɑƙNjɆɽɊɭȳƳɁɽɊɮɍɴȼɍNjɅɴȼȲȲȶɎɍʆ ɩ ɪ ɌɳɅɹ
ȲƒɭȶɑɊƳ
ɊƳ
ɪ ɌƴȶɳƙƳɊɺ Av ƺƙȲǔɵɇƐɑɌɭɆɌɆɑɽɴȼȲȲNjƚȶ ɸ ƳɁɽƙɑɆǂɊȲNjƚȶ ɸ ƳɁɽ
ɔɅɭɎɁƎɅ,ɿ Ah ƺƙȲǔɵɇƐɵɅɴȼȲɎɀƋɳDŽɍ, fyh ƺNJɈɄɅɽ
A v f fh d
Vs = (28) ɴȼȲɳȼȲ, ‫ܦ‬ǯ ƺɆdžƐɁɽɇƃɁ
ɩ ɴȼȲ ɎɀƋɊɮɍ Ʌȶ
ɩ s ƺȴNjƚɁɴȼȲ
s
ɳȼȲʆ
ɑƙNjɆɽɊɭȳƳɁɽȷɁɭɳƳɀɴȲȶɴȼȲȲȶɄɊƗǂ

π A hv f fh D'
Vs = (29)
2 s

51 52
Lecturer: SOK RASMEY, M. Eng, 13