1

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Rationale

Color is very important in our lives. Different aspects of color, such as its

warmth, coldness, or softness, make different impressions on people. Combining

various colors can change our impressions of and feelings about things. Most

people have no trouble seeing color, but about 8% of males and less than 1% of

females have faulty color perception from birth. Although this is not a serious

issue, it can be inconvenient.

The developer observed, there are so many color blind deficiency in Bohol

Island State University including the Instructor and students, they are not yet

using any solution regarding to this problem, what they are going to do is to

identify color manually using their two wide eyes, one by one identifying color is

not easy it takes time to compare if it is correct or not, it has also a possibility of

having a second person to prove and help correct that specific color. All those

manual classifications are need much time to clarify specific color specially in

identifying different color in their paper works or laboratory activities.

These are the main reasons why the researchers proposed the study

entitled” Color Blind Vision Assistant App”. This kind of system is application

system. This application provides the correct answer after you captured the

colored object and afterwards the Phone will speak by the used of mobile

speaker, clarification of color if it is the same to what you have seen in the mobile
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screen. Seeing the answers on the screen and hearing also through the mobile

speaker. The researcher was aiming to help users easily view to their phones if

they are need to identify such color specially to all Computer Science instructors

for their hardware and software activities, to make works easy and hassle free.

Literature Background

According to Anil Kumar et. Al (2015) Automated Color Recognition

System for Visually Challenged and Achromatopsia People using Arduino and

Mobile App. This system helps the visually challenged peoples to recognize the

color independently. This system is implemented on Arduino microcontroller with

android device in which color recognition can be done. After Recognition there

will be text to speech conversation so user or visually challenged person can get

message from the android device with the help of Mobile Speaker.

In a relation of the proposed study of Pajuleras et, Al (2018) in titled Color

Blind Vision Assistant, this proposed system will also help user view the specific

color using smartphone app 6.0 and above version, the app can also speak for

the initialize value and the color name. The difference of the system studied is we

are only using mobile application.

According to Rick T. Richardson, M.Ed./ Tara L. Drexler, M.Ed./ Donna

M. Delparte, Ph.D. (2014) This review uses color blindness to as an example and

recommends several online tools to select appropriate page background and text

colors, two areas that receive limited attention in current WAI guidelines.

Suggestion for the future research on the intersection between color and contrast
 3

and how it can improve readability for all users, including individuals with visual

impairments such as color blindness and multimedia cognitive load theory are

proposed.

The researcher also look for the development of the sytem software

performance and how it can improved individual users.

According to Balraj B. Rathod and Subhajit Bandyopadhyay (2017) this

app helps color blind and visually impaired students detect color changes in a

routine lab experiment, thereby ensuring their active participation and

independence. The app, Titration ColorCam, is a step forward in the ongoing

effort to develop assistive mobile technology to aid blind students in science,

technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).

In a relation to Balraj B. Rathod and Subhajit Bandyopadhyay (2017) the

researcher proposed the Color Blind Vision Assistant inorder to improve color

blind Instructor and students easily identify the color in their individual laboratory

or paper works.

According to Craig Bettenhausen (2017) Experimenting with Enchroma’s

Color-Blind Assistance Glasses. Driving while color-blind is dangerous, green

stoplights looks while and are often hard to distinguish from streetlights. So you

guess or get help. A company called Enchroma now makes lenses that it claims

“Enhance the vibrancy and saturation of color and help the color blind

discriminated between colors that can be hard to see”.

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In relation to Craig Bettenhausen (2017) we will be using Color Blind

Vision Assistant to help users identify colors specialy in night an day by simply

turn on the flashlight button. The advantage of this app is it will speak for the

clarification of users not just o

According to Paolo Melillo et al (2017) Color Vision Deficiency (CVD) is an

extremely frequent vision impairment that compromises that ability to recognize

colors. In order to improve color vision in a subject with CVD, we designed and

developed a wearable improved vision system based on an augmented reality

device. The system was validated in a clinical pilot study on 24 subjects with

CVD. The primary outcome was the improvement in the Ishihara Vision test

score with the correction proposed by our system.

In a relation to Paolo Melillo et al (2017) the researcher also developed

Color Blind Vision in order to recognize colors and to improve vision system but

instead of using Augmented reality device we will be using mobile android app.

According to Akhan Akmalgambetov (2015) Considering the substantial

population affected by some form of color-vision deficiency. Reliable traffic

control signal head light detection is an important problem for driver-assistance

system. While a large number of technologies can be used to localize traffic

lights, without drastic changes in infrastructure, only visual information can be

used in identifying the status of the light. The system can accurately identify the

status of the light at 400ft away from the intersection, reliably detecting solid,

faulty, arrow, and high-visibility signal lights.

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In a relation to Akhan Almagambetov (2015) we will be using mobile

android app users may used it in all purposed. It can be in the outside or inside

door because mobile phones are very handy for the users.

Republic Act. (R.A) no. 7722 known as the Higher Education Act of 1994,
states that the programs include to study of computing concepts and theories,
algorithmic functions and new development in computing. It prepares the student
to design and create algorithmically complex software and develop new and
effective algorithm for computing solving problems. I allow to study hardware and
software technologies involving planning, operating and maintaining information
technology infrastructure that provide computing solution to address the needs of
the organization.CHED MEMORANDUM ORDER (CMO) NO. 25 Series of 2015

THEORIES LEGAL BASIS

Input Process Output (IPO)
 Input - the information,
ideas, and
resource used in
creating
Republic Act. (R.A) no. 7722 known
as the Higher Education Act of 1994,
states that the programs include to
study of computing concepts and
theories, algorithmic functions and
 6

INPUT

DATA GATHERING

DATA

PROCESS

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

OUTPUT

COLOR BLIND VISION ASSISTANT

Figure 1.0 Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

THE PROBLEM
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Statement of the Problem

The main objective of the study was to develop a system “Color Blind

Vision App in Bohol Island State University- Clarin Campus during the academic

year 2017-2018.

Specifically, the study aimed to answer the following questions:

1. What is the specification of the present system in terms of:

1.1 System Narrative;

1.2 Conceptual Diagram;

1.3 Event Specification

1.4 Findings/constrains; and

1.5 Flowchart ?

2. What is the specification of the proposed system in terms of:

2.1 System Rules;

2.2 Context Diagram;

2.3 Event Specification;

2.4 Program Hierarchy;

2.5 Database Design;

2.6 Functional Requirements;

2.7 Technical Requirements;

2.8 Cost-Benefit Analysis; and

3. What is the level of Acceptability of the proposed system in the terms of:
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3.1 Perceived Ease of Use;

3.2 Perceived Usefulness;

Significance of the Study

Once the said system will be implemented, the individual color-blind

users will provided by the an app. The study aimed to upgrade the system from

manual to automation in order to have an accurate, faster and efficient way of

using Color Blind Vision Assistant.

The result of the study will benefits the following:

Computer Science. The study serve as a basis to made more new

useful technology that is very high standard which benefited the BISU.

BISU Administration- it will seek in enhancing the BISU system with

the mean of technology. It will bring great impact to the school in terms of

Specifiying different colors using mobile application

BISU Faculty- the instructor can benefit the system in their everyday

activities inside the school. This will help the faculty recognize colors correctly.

BISU Students- academic achievement and standardized test results

are higher. Student have individual studies and in order to them achieve works

and finish activities inconvenient and to make their study better they will be using

Color Blind vision Assistant to fulfil technological problem.

Researchers- this study will serve as their reference when they

conduct similar study. This will provide useful information to enrich their study.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Design

The researchers aim to develop the Color Blind Vision Assistant App. The

study used descriptive survey method and developmental method of research.

According to Calmorin L.P & Calmorin M.A (2000), descriptive survey

research is necessary to determine the psychological and social aspects of

research by the way of implementation of evidence to recognize between facts

and influence. Researchers use descriptive survey method to gather and collect

data. It is employ through the use of researcher’s made questionnaire. The

researchers describe the given in order for the survey to be reliable and valid. It

is important that the questions are being construct properly and should be written

in a proper way for it to be clear and easy to comprehend.

According to Seels B. and Richey R.(1994), developmental research seeks

to create knowledge grounded in data systematically derived from practice. It is a

pragmatic type of research that offers a way to test theory that has been only

hypothesized and to validate practice that has been perpetuated essentially

unchallenged tradition. In addition, It is a way to establish new procedures, new

techniques or tools based upon a methodical analysis of specific cases. This

method will help the researchers for their proposed system.

Environment and Participants

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Figure 2.0 MAP

The study was conducted in Bohol Island State University Clarin Campus,

Clarin Bohol. It is particularly located in Poblacion Norte, Clarin, Bohol

approximately 300 meters from the landmark of Clarin, Bohol, and 61 kilometers

away from Tagbilaran City. It occupies a total land area of 27.3439 hectares

inclusive of the 12 hectares fishponds. BISU itself was born on October 14, 2009

after Her Excellency Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. It was formerly known as Central

Visayas State College of Agriculture, Forestry and Technology (CVSCAFT) and it

was effectively changed into Bohol Island State University (BISU) under the

Republic Act No. 9722.

Bohol Island State University (BISU) offered different courses bachelor

such as Bachelor of Science Education major in Technology and Livelihood

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Education (BSED-TLE), Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED), Bachelor of

Hotel Restaurant Service Technology (BHRST), Bachelor of Science in

Computer Science (BSCS), and Bachelor of Science in Environmental Resource

Management major in Coastal Resource Management (BSCRM-ERM), they also

offer Teacher Certificate Program (TCP), and graduates students which is the

Master of Arts in Education major in Educational Management (MAEM).

The study was composed of administrative personnel with regards in their

expertise as participants for the system approval in terms of level and its

usability. These selected Computer Science Instructors and students were

chosen as the respondents of the study.

Organizational Structure

The figure below is the flow of organizational structure that shows the people

involved in the proposed system.

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INSTRUCTORS

STUDENTS
Figure 2.0 Organizational Structure

Instruments

The researcher used standardized questionnaires in measuring the quality

of development and level of usability as the main tool of gathering information.

According to Gill and Johnson (2001), a questionnaire can serve as an inductive

method with the aim to formulate new theory, where open-ended questions are

used to explore a substantive area. The writers adopted system Development

Evaluation Instrument of Cantos et. Al (2017) in the book titled, Mobile Web-

Based Student Integrated Information System to measure the development of the

system in terms of functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability and

portability. The International Business Machine Computer Usability Satisfaction

Questionnaires: Psychometric Evaluation and Instructions for use by Lewis

(1995) is the questionnaire used by the writers. The focus of this evaluation
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questionnaire is to measure satisfaction, efficiency, learnability, memorability and

error of the system usability.

Statistical Treatment

The statistical tool used in determining the level of acceptability of the

Color Blind Vision Assistant App were by means of getting the weighted scores

and weighted mean of the respondents. The weighted mean was used in order to

determine how acceptable the system.

The following statistical formula was used in this study:

Formula: W x =

Where: W x = weighted mean

fw = weighted frequency

N = Total number of respondents

Procedure

In order to fulfil a successful system, the researchers used the

System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). To consider the development and

acceptability of COLOR BLIND VISION ASSISTANT. This was used upon

visualizing the procedure better. The SDLC is a process consist a stages/phases

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in order to develop a system, it is more understandable and easier to handle for

both researchers and readers.

Identifying
Problems,
Opportunities and
Objectives

Determining Human
Implementation Information
and Evaluating the Requirements
System

SYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE
Testing and Analysing the
Maintaining the System Needs
System

Developing and Designing the

Documenting the Recommended
System System

Figure 4.0 System Development Life Cycle. (SDLC)

Phase 1. Identifying the problems and objectives

The researchers will ask permission to the Instructors of Computer

Science Department to conduct a personal interview to gather necessary

information needed to the proposed system. It will serve as a guide in developing

a system.
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Phase 2. Determining human information requirements

In this phase, the researchers will identify the user’s requirements

through an interview, questionnaire, research and site visit in which will use as a

reference in gathering data. Gathered data is used for distinguishing what system

to be developed.

Phase 3. Analysing the system needs

In this phase, all the necessary information gathered from the previous

phase will be analysed by the researchers effectively. They will identify the

functional and non-functional requirements and analyse the possible input, output

and processes of the system.

Phase 4. Designing the recommended system

In this stage, researchers will make a plan on the concept, techniques

and tools that will be useful to develop a new system. The researchers will start

to implement what materials are needed in making a system and possible

language in order to develop a system. The database will be design using

MySQL which use to store a data and secure files, Entity Relationship Diagram,

User Interface and System Architectural.

Phase 5. Developing and documenting the system

During this phase, the researchers will be encoding the propose system

using Python Programming Language for coding the system. The researchers,

together with the beneficiary of the proposed research will work together to
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ensure that it will be accomplished and for the documentation to be effective.

Database is implemented using MySQL. The system will be program to be

connected to the database in order to store, to retrieve data and to secure data.

Phase 6. Testing and maintaining the system.

After coding, software is test and evaluates in order to meet the user’s

need, to ensure its functionality and to pin point the bugs of the system. Ensuring

that the system is created correctly and this is the main concern of this stage.

Phase 7. Implementing and evaluating the system

After testing the whole system, the software is now already free from

errors and bugs, and it is ready for implementation for future usage. The

researchers will also orient the users on how to operate the system.
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DEFINITION OF TERMS

For the following purpose of clear understanding of the study, the following

terms were operationally defined:

Analysis. detailed examination of the elements or structure of something,

Conceptual Diagram. provides a graphical view of the conceptual

structure of an information system, and helps you identify the principal entities to

be represented, their attributes, and the relationships between them.

Color Blind. color blind is also known as color deficiency. Color blindness

often happens when someone cannot distinguish between certain colors.

Database. A storage of data gathered in the system.

Design. a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or

workings of a building, garment, or other object before it is built or made.

Environment and Participants. the surroundings or conditions in which a

person, animal, or plant lives or operates. And a person who participates in

human subject research by being the target of observation by researchers.

Flowchart. A diagram that shows the step by step procedure of a system.

Functionality. Refers on how these system bears on the existence of a set

of functions and their specified properties.

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Hardware. tools, machinery, and other durable equipment. The

machines, wiring, and other physical components of a computer or other

electronic system.

Inputs. The value that you want to insert or put into the system.

Instrument – a tool or implement, especially one for delicate or scientific work.

Output. the amount of something produced by a person, machine, or

industry. A place where power or information leave a system.

Perceived ease of use. The technology acceptance model (TAM) is an

information systems theory that models how users come to accept and use

technology. The degree to which a person believes that using a particular system

would be free from effort.

Perceived Usefulness. is one of the independent constructs in the

Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). It is the degree to which a person believes

that using a particular system would enhance his/her job performance.

Probability. the extent to which something is probable; the likelihood of

something happening or being the case.

Process. a series of action or steps taken in order to achieve a particular

end.

Programming Language. is a vocabulary and set of grammatical rules for

instructing a computer or computing device to perform specific tasks.

Respondents. Refers to the benefactor or user of the proposed system

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Software. is a part of a computer system that consists of data or computer

instruction, in contrast to the physical hardware from which the system is built.

Statistical . relating to the use of statistics.

Statistics. the practice or science of collecting and analysing numerical

data in large quantities, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a

whole from those in a representative sample.

Usability. Refers on how the system is usable for the users and for the

community.

Technology, the application of scientific knowledge foe practical purposes,

especially in industry.
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REFERENCE LIST

Anil Kumar et. Al (2015) Automated Color Recognition System for Visually

Challenged and Achromatopsia People using Arduino and Mobile App

Retrived from http://technodocbox.com/Palmtops_and_Pdas/71027420-

Automated-color-recognition-system-for-visually-challenged-and-

achromatopsia-people-using-arduino-and-mobile-app.html

Rick T. Richardson, M.Ed./ Tara L. Drexler, M.Ed./ Donna M. Delparte, Ph.D.

(2014) Retrived from

https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/collegeeducation/faculty-staff/Robin-

Lindbeck-CV-2017.pdf

Balraj B. Rathod and Subhajit Bandyopadhyay (2017) Retrived from Light Lab,

The Subhajit Bandyopadhyay Group - IISER ...

www.iiserkol.ac.in › ~light

Craig Bettenhausen (2017)

Retrived from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5418066/

Paolo Melillo et al (2017) Color Vision Deficiency (CVD) Retrived from

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/6932463/?reload=true

Akhan Almagambetov (S’05-M’14) Retrived

from https://matlab-code.org/mobile- standards-based-traffic-light-detection-

in-assistive-devices-for-individuals-with-color-vision-deficiency
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APPENDICES
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Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY
Clarin Campus
Poblacion Norte, Clarin, Bohol

March 15, 2018

JORDAN TORREON
Computer Science Instructor
BSCS Department

Ma’am:

The following Bachelor of Science in Computer Science students listed

below are requesting for your approval to be our Statistical Adviser for our thesis
entitled “COLOR BLIND VISION ASSISTANT APP” in partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the Project Development 1 subject.

Your favourable response is highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,

PAJULERAS MARIO
HORDISTA MICHAEL B.
CENABRE GLENGCA GLORY
Noted:
ALME B. MARAVILLAS
Instructor, Project Development 1

Approved:

JORDAN C. TORREON
Computer Science Instructor
 23

Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY
Clarin Campus
Poblacion Norte, Clarin, Bohol

March 15, 2018

ALME B. MARAVILLAS
Computer Science Instructor
BSCS Department

Sir:

The following Bachelor of Science in Computer Science students listed

below are requesting for your approval to be a Document Adviser for our thesis
entitled “COLOR BLIND VISION ASSISTANT APP” in partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the Project Development 1 subject.

Your favourable response is highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,

PAJULERAS MARIO
HORDISTA MICHAEL B.
CENABRE GLENGCA GLORY

Noted:
ALME B. MARAVILLAS
Instructor, Project Development 1

Approved:

ALME B. MARAVILLAS
Computer Science Instructor
 24

Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY
Clarin Campus
Poblacion Norte, Clarin, Bohol

March 15, 2018

ROSE MARY C. PAYOT

Computer Science Instructor
BSCS Department

Ma’am:

The following Bachelor of Science in Computer Science students listed

below are requesting for your approval to be our Editor for our thesis entitled
“COLOR BLIND VISION ASSISTANT APP” in partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the Project Development 1 subject.

Your favourable response is highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,

PAJULERAS MARIO
HORDISTA MICHAEL B.
CENABRE GLENGCA GLORY
Noted:
ALME B. MARAVILLAS
Instructor, Project Development 1

Approved:

ROSE MARY C. PAYOT

Computer Science Instructor
 25

Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY
Clarin Campus
Poblacion Norte, Clarin, Bohol

March 15, 2018

JONATHAN V. OLUDIN
Computer Science Instructor
BSCS Department

Sir:

The following Bachelor of Science in Computer Science students listed

below are requesting for your approval to be our Statistical Adviser for our thesis
entitled “ COLOR BLIND VISION ASSISTANT APP” in partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the Project Development 1 subject.

Your favourable response is highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,

PAJULERAS MARIO
HORDISTA MICHAEL B.
CENABRE GLENGCA GLORY
Noted:

ALME B. MARAVILLAS
Instructor, Project Development 1

Approved:

JONATHAN V. OLUDIN
Computer Science Instructor
 26

RESEARCHE’S BIODATA

Name: : Mario Pajuleras

Nickname : Mario

Contact number : 09464641346

Email address : Pajuleras@gmail.com

Date of birth : September 17,1992

Place of birth : Inabanga, Bohol

Address : Inabanga,Bohol

Age : 25

Civil Status : Single

Sex : Male

Father :

Mother : Marilyn P. Fortich

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Secondary : Saint Paul’s Academy

: Poblacion, Inabanga, Bohol

: 2008-2009

Elementary : Inabanga, Central Elementary School

: Poblacio, Inabanga, Bohol

: 2004-2005
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RESEARCHER’S BIODATA

Name: : Michael B. Hordista

Nickname : Mike

Contact number : 09108633694

Email address : hordistamichael@gmail.com

Date of birth : February 06, 1999

Place of birth : Macaas, Tubigon, Bohol

Address : Macaas, Tubigon, Bohol

Age : 19

Civil Status : Single

Sex : Male

Father : Emeliano C. Hordista

Mother : Evelyn B. Hordista

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Secondary : Salus Institute of Technology

: Tinangnan, Tubigon, Bohol

: 2014-2015

Elementary : Macaas Elementary School

: Macaas, Tubigon,Bohol

: 2010-2011
 28

RESEARCHER’S BIODATA

Name: : Glengca Glory Cenabre

Nickname : Kaye

Contact number : 09460371442

Email address : GlengcaGlory@gmail.com

Date of birth : September 16, 1998

Place of birth : Cebu CIty

Address : Ondol, Inabanga, Bohol

Age : 19

Civil Status : Single

Sex : Male

Father :

Mother : Tita S. Cenabre

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Secondary : Inabanga High School

: Nabuad, Inabanga, Bohol

: 2014-2015

Elementary : Ondol Elementary School

: Ondol, Inabanga,Bohol

: 2010-2011