; CHAPTER | cosieel Io= ca = i 1 1 esol ae ceeed et coe teal a ace m PROBLEM Lt 1.4. Two solid cylindrical rods AB and BC are welded together at B and loaded as shown. Kaowing that d= 30 mm and d; = 50 mm, find the average normal stress in the mid section of (a) rod AB, (6) rod BC (a) vod AB Force! P+ 60x/0" N_ tension SOLUTION Areal A= Zal = EB (30x10) = 706.36 10% mt * 0x10 Bt etcrios 7 8488010 Pa Gig? 84.9 MPa “a Norma? stress? Opa = (bY tod BC Foree! P = Goxlo* -(z)(iasxio") = -190x/07 N Areas As Ed* = B(sonio*)* = 1.9¢a5x107* m* 5 Norma? stress: Oye = - : ee = = 96.77x10% Pa Gee 7 - 96.8 MPa Tee " TUsoxosy = $07 S*lo mM A, = 22.56 */0* m A, = 22.6 mm ~tt = Goxjo® - (2Xias xi) = = doxlo" N Sec= - 150%10" Pa Arent A= Fai* 2. jf A nds ot WY Ce 190 10° a oa Wee 7 TF Giso *1 0%) 16128 %10° om 40.16 x10 om d,? 4O.2mm fy = te 2 4P Lz) _ oat 4, "TG Tasd ~ ee d= 1.059 in = 17.32 */0° N (6) 6 = 9° (0,450 cos 30°\(20%10") ~ (0.300 cus 80°) Fh = 0 Fan = - 30 10° N Areas (1 densi fondling A= (2,080~ 0.010)(0.012) = 240 10° om (b) compression Az (0,090)(0.01a) = 360 x/o"* m Stresses 17.3ax/0% | ‘ a @ Fs * HoWer 72.2%10 72.2 MPa > > =Z0r10° gs.axio’ = 83.8 MPa ace Béo loSE eee eee Ez a 18 Each of the fe PROBLEM 18 four vertical links has an 8 x 36- mum uniform rectangular cross section and each ofthe four pins has a 16- mm diameter. Determine the maximum value ofthe average normal stress inthe Links connecting (a) points B an: ims ea Ng ressin the links connecting (a) points B and D, (6) point SOLUTION Use bar ABC aca Free body, RoW EM, 20 — o,010) Fin — (0.025 +0,010 (20x10) = © Fao = 22.510" N Link BD js in tensvon EM,= 0 - (0.040) Fig = (0,045 (20 K/0) = 0 Fog = TIRE IGN Link CB is in Compression Net avea of one Sink Por tension = (0,008)(0.036 - 0,016) = 1COx10 oP, For tuo parable fines Ane? 320 */0° me Tensile stress in fink BD 3 ie @ 607 Fe 2 ZESHOr = lolserio” 4 10L6HPa et 2 Area fon one Pink in compression = (0,008 )(0.036) = 288% 10% m* For tus para Kel Bake A = S76x15~ m* = 3 i Gye = Re = FRESE = aro id® or ~ 2.7 MPa oefee 1.9 Two horizontal S-kip forces are applied to pin B of the assembly shown, Knowing that a pin of 0.8-in. diameter is used at each connection, determine the ‘maximum valve of the average normal stress (2) in link A, (6) in fink BC PROBLEM 1.9 SOLUTION Use joint B as Tee body 10 Keps Force teiangle Law of Sines Fas Fg lo siniS Sin Sin UH? Fig = 7.3205 ips Fac = 8.9658 kips Link AB is a tension member Minimum seetion at pia Ane = C8 - 0.80.5) = OSin* Gin = (@) Stress in AB Rt ESfO = 4. GH ksi « Link BC is a ‘tompression member cross Sectimal area is Ax (1.8)(0-5) = 0.9 in® (b) Stress in BC Gee = fe 2 B68 2-996 ksi(eel eee a esate femal m a am c PROBLEM 1.10 1.10 The frame shown consists of four wooden members, ABC, DEF, BE. and CF. Knowing that each member has a2> 4-in rectangular cross section and that each pin has a in, diameter, determine the maxiquim value ofthe average normal sress (a) in member BE, (6) in member CF. SOLUTION Add support reactions te figure wh a8 shown. Ty entive Frame as Free body =M = 4O Dy ~ 5+ 30480) = o x Dy= 900 Ab Perea Use member DEF as Free body IF =0 Yr BRy- FDO >) Fes «2 Dy 2 EDs = 120 Jb. Dp D = BM. =o EUS Fee) ~ Goth) D, 20 Fee = - 2250 46. LMeso0 (B04 Fee) - (IS) Dy =O Fut 790 4250 4 Mf A minimue section Stress in compression member BE ies Nai ee Bint @) Gog * Rts -2882 = —28ip, Stress in tension member CF Minimum section area occurs at pin, Ania = (2V40-0.5) = 7.0 in*® Fee om = Se = RE = BS = 1071 psr cutting members BD, BE, and CE Fee DEMg ze 2 Rip - (QMaey= OO Few = 70 Kips . Fa Gig * Wo Hips 80 Kips = A,= te 2 22: 4aqint = See0 aca eee (cede ome c [eed eee: eal (ee 1.13 A couple M of magnitude 1500 N: mis applied o the crank of an engine For the positon shown, determine (a) the force P required to hold the engine system in equilibrium. (6) the average normal stress inthe connecting rod BC. which has a 450- sm uniform cross section, SOLUTION P Use piston, red, and crank together as free vaciy, heb! H wall reaction H and beaving reactions Ay and Ay. DZM=0 (0.280m)H - 1S00 Nem = © M He 5.3571 x10 N Ay 7 Use piston alone as free ad bodys Note that red is lifts arcetimat bert Kavcell tel die ectiea N of Foret Fac is known. Draw the force triangle ane sodve Pr P eine Fae by Fe/ IP proportions. Fe Gee QD [07+ 60” = 208.81 mn £ = see P= 17 86x10 N 4 @) = 17.38 kN = is = REE Fy = 18.043 now Rod BC is & compression member, THs area is YSOmmé* 450 4/0" me 18.693 x/0% 450 XIO-F os) See = - 414 MPa mt eye = = 41.4 x10% PaPROBLEM 1.14 1.14 Two hydraulic eylinders are used to contral the postion ofthe robotic arm ABC. Knowing that the control rods attached at 4 and 1) each have a 20-mm diameter and ‘happen to be parallel in the position shown, determine the average normal stress in (a) member AE, (b) member DG. wn SOLUTION Use member ABC _ as Pree body. foo D IMg=0 (0.150) 4 Fhe - (0. 6001800) =O rez xi N nea. oP rod in member AE ig A= Fd*= Flions*) = 31.16 110° mt 7 - Fre. _4xs08 = Shreve in vod AE? Gyg? GEE = sites = 2-73 210° fe foo @ Sag = 12.73 Po = Use con bined members ABC and BED as free body, DIMp= 0 (0. 10X Far) — (0.200)( # Fee) & ~ (1eogo - 0,350)(82) = 9 Fee =~ 1500 N Avex vod DS ce Az Fdt= Flaono*)’ = giqe x10 wm" Stress in rod DG? Gog * fe 2 = 1820. BMG Oe () Gog = - 4.77 MPa = -4.77x10° PaPROBLEM 1.15 LIS The wooden members 4 and B are tobe joined by plywood spice plates which willbe fully glued on the suriaces in contact. As par ofthe design ofthe joint and knowing thatthe clearance between the ends ofthe members isto be 8 mm, determine the smallest allowable length Lite average shearing stress in the glue isnot to exceed 800 kPa, SOLUTION There are Four separate areas ob glue. Each area must transmit half of the 2¢0N foud. Therefor F= 12 AN = 12% 10°N Shearing stress in que -t ¥ B00 v/0* Pa 3 Let = feng oF qe oven and wx width = lO me = Ol m “3 Ape dwt eae 4 = ie = 180 110%m © 1SOmm Le Be gap = (AXISOV+ B = ZOB mm — 1.16 Determine the diameter ofthe largest circular hole which ean be punched into a sheet of polystyrene 6-mm thick, knowing that the force exerted by the punch is 45, kN and that a 5S-MPa average shearing stress is required to cause the material to fil PROBLEM 1.16 SOLUTION A= dt for cybindeieat Padre gurhacs cheng shes #2 Boe ASE Equsking As adt 2 String Por ded = abe = (Se? 43.4 xj0°'m d= 43.4 mm omc ma feet Do! a PROBLEM 1.17 1.17 Two wooden planks, each "in. thick and 6 in wide, are joined by the glued mortise joint shown. Knowing thatthe joint will fail when the average shearing stcess in the glue ceaches 120 psi, determine the smallest allowable length d ofthe cuts ifthe jin isto withstand an axial load of magnitude P = 1200 Ib. re SOLUTION Seven surfaces cayty the tha? r Joust P= i200 fe. Area A= (YG) d= Bd peso eee te creel fea mm mo 4) 1200 ai 347-6 d= 1.633 in ~ PROBLEM 1.18 1.18. oad Pis applied ta sea rod supported as shown by an ahiminum pate ino ie teen + basa con | fl a For stee? A, = Trdt = To.) oan For afuminum A, = wet = w(1.6)(0.25) = 1.2566 int 42k Lineting valve of P is the smadlervalye + P= i257 Kips GY rises Suletaee tin: do = 1197 in = 1.22 Link AB, of wadth 8 =2 in, and thickness = “4 in is used to suppor the end ofahorizontal beam, Knowing thatthe average normal stress the ink is ~ 20 ksi and thatthe average shearing stess in each of the two pins is 12 ksi, decermine (2) the diameter dof the pins, (6) the average beating stress in the link SOLUTION Rod AB is in compression. A= bt where bz Rin and b= hin P= -GA =-C20X2M#)= 10 kips Pint T= fond Ap= Fo% Af A ER = oe 10 fe . w es He egtieay = 39.8 es =<1 18 Each ofthe four vertical links has an 8 36+ en uniform rectangular cross PROBLEM 1.25 ‘section and each of the four pins has a 16- mm diameter. 1123 Forth assenbly and loading of Prob 18, ermine) the average shearing ae sata inte pn at () the average tring ses at 8 in ink BD, (c) the average ost beaingstteshat Bin member ABC, krowng that ths member bas a 10 x $0-mm fe fo rectangular eroe ection SOLUTION Use bar ABC as a tree body EM, =O (0.040) Fy, (9. 025+ 0.040)(20 x10) = 0 Feo = 32.5% 10° N | | (@) Shear pin at B t= Fe for double shear Io where Az Bdt= E(ovoieyt = 201.06 «/0"% mt ie t = gis = 80.8 «108 g0.8MPa, = IC (1 Bearing Dink BD A= dt = (0.016)(0.008)= 128 «10% m* nl 6: fe : Losi 32.5410) = 126.9S*10% 127.0 MPa n Kc) Bearing in ABC ot B A= dt = (0.016)(0,010) = 160 */0™° m* | 6, fe : Scale: = 203 «108 203 MPa =e co oacnet eames tenon ie Ci 4 See i SOLUTION Use bar ABC as a Free body EMgeo -(0.040)Fg - (0,025) 20x/0") = © Fee? - 12.510" (a) Shear in pin at C A=¥d*= F(0.016)"= 201.06 210% wm Double shear Te PEs 125x108 = ahixjo™ RA * TE)(a01.0¢ 10") * 3h1 MPa = (b) Bearing in dink CE at C As dt = (0,016 )(0.008) = 128 10°* m™ > th (0.512. See AR = Os xi0 48.2%)0° 48aMPa — ©) Beawing in ABC at C A= dt = (0,016o.010) = 1é0x10"* mt _ Fe _ gm _ “ = S= 7 = aA = 78 110 78.1 MPa.= c fread ete) za (tees ee PROBLEM 1.28 1.9 Twohhorizotal Skip Forces are applied to pin B ofthe assembly shown. Knowing that pin of 0 8.in, diameters used at each connection, determine the maximum value ‘of the average normal scess (a) i link 4, (8) in lnk BC. 1.25 For the assembly and loading of Prob. | 9, determine (a) the average shearing stress inthe pin at 4, (6) the average bearing stress at 4 in member AB. sowvrion Use joint B as Free bealy. 10 hips 5, iy Fac YO Kips Law of Sines Force triangle a - Fe Faq ® 7.8208 kvps (a) Shearing stress in pin ot A ce oa wheve Ags Edt = F (0.8) = 0.5026 in* _ 78205 C= wees) = 7 7.28 ksi (bo) Bearing stress at A in member AB Ay: tds (0.5¥0.8) = 0.4 int 6, = Se. 28S = 18.30 18.30 ksi = Ay 0.4f u a ci esol eeleeeed Soe coeiee) PROBLEM 1.26 1.9 Two horizontal S-kip forces ae applied to pin B ofthe assembly shown Knowing. that a pin of0.8-n, diameter i used at each connection, determine the maximums value ‘of the average normal stress (a in fink AB, (6) in link BC 1.26 For the assembly and loading of Prob. | 9, determine (a) the average shearing ess inthe pin at C, (6) the average bearing stress at Cin member BC, (c) the average bearing stress at B in member BC. SOLUTION Use joint B as Free body 10 ki . 7 Bee 60" 4g 10 Kips oece triangle haw of Sines ee 5, aa Eee es aie = spo 7 eae Fen = 8.9658 kips (2) Shearing stress in pin at C ut: Fe Ap = Bd* = B(o.8)' = 0.5026 in® Ve 8258 9.92 8.92 ksi « Te. S026) (e) Bearing stress ot Cin member BC o> Ee A= td = (0590.8) = 0.4 in® O= AS688 = 22.4 aR4 ksi we © Bearing stress at B in member BC Se ca Az2td =2(0.5)(0.8) = 0.8 in® 6 = S368 = ita Walks <@pe Geer Cele Goer ee Co faa ese: 0 (] c 1.27, Knowing that = 40° and P = 9 KN, determine (a) the smallest allowable diameter of the pin at 8 if the average shearing sres inthe pin is not 10 exceed 120 MPa, (b) the corresponding average bearing stress in member AB at B, (c) the PROBLEM 1.27 , corresponding average bearg sires in each of he suppot brackets a SOLUTION Geomehyy: “Triangle ABC is A on isosedes triangle with angles shown here. Law of Sines applied P eo to Force triangle wife Po. Fae Fk ¢ a sin2o° Sin|10°” SinSO® i Force Fi, = PSin tor triangle a@ © sin 20° = Sin WO. 24.73 KN sin 20° (2) Alfowable pin dian eter - Fao , Fa. 2 Fie Seeneanas gece esi Ap aaeh ae eae where Fig = 24.73 2/08 ats BFae - QMAL73xIO8) 2 gig x107% om? Te TT (20 x10* d= 14S x10 8m Wed mn a te) Bearing stress in AB ot A. x Ag tole (0.016 )UL4S to) = 198,26 ¥/0"* mm 2 Fie, 2078 xp0% ‘ - = oy: es RUE IGe > 184-9010 134.9 MPa, (©) Bearing stress in suppoct brackets at B A= td = (0.012 CYS 10%) = 197.4 «10 n™ oe tFis _ (0.5)(24.738 x10") 99,0 xt0% 90.0 MPa, <# A 137.41s — = esa eer enol eed: eal oa PROBLEM 128 1.28 Daterine the lngest ond Pich nay be api aA when 9-60 cht thar her ess in te loser pn a Bus oc nce 120 i MPsand that verge bargin member 48 ant rk a B ms cscs 0 MPa SOLUTION Geometry? Triangle ABC is an isosetes triangde with angles shown heve c Use joint A as free 2 . haw of sines applied to Forte twangde ane = Fie - Fac | Fhe Bee aaa = “Sin 120° ~ Sin Bo® a tan in 30° S triangle FD pe Easind. 4 cr73¢ Fi ‘si9 120° Fa smite og TP shearing stress in pin at B is crvticed Ee Ae = Fat = Flooiolt = 7854 «10% m* Fag? 2AT = (aY(78.S4xI0 V(1ZOmJO%) = 18,850 ~ 10" N | TF bearing stress in member AG at bracket at A is ev trend Ag tel = (0,016 (0,010) = 160 *10°% m* Fra = AGG, = (icox10" X40 x108) = 14.40 x1" N IF bearing stress in the bracket af B is criticas Avs 2t4 = ()(0.0.(0.010) = 240%10% m™ Fae = A, 6, = (240¥/0%)(40 «10% = 216xlo* N Mow hte Fig is the smadlest, 2. M4oxK* N Then, trom Statics Pats? (0.57785 104. 40x 10°) = 8.3) 0/0" N 3.3)4N =eMm. tc ( ao (eee: (ez (ese i eee: (rod a PROBLEM 1.29 1.29 The & KN load P is supported by two wooden members of 75 « 125- mm uniform rectangular cross section which are joined by the simple glued scarf splice shown, Determine the normal and shearing siresses in the glued splice SOLUTION Pr 6x? N © = 90° 70° = 20° Ay = (0.075 )€0.128) = 9.375 7/07 m* & = Feeste = GMs Ae = ses x0! Gs S6S kPa =< Pe e ([6x103) sin 40% 3 te Xe sin 80 © “GO erigsy = 206KI0' = ROGKPA PROBLEM 1,30 1.30 Two wooden members of 75 * 125- mm uniform rectangular cross section are joined by the simple glued scarf spice shown, Knowing thatthe maximum allowable tensile stress i the glued splice is 500 kPa, determine (a) the largest load P which can be safely supported, (5) the corresponding shearing stress in the spice. SOLUTION Ag = (0.075 Colas) = 4.375 x10” we @ = qo®-7o" = 20° © = S0ox10* Pa 6 =fes*e = AS, = (4.375 xJ0"$ S00 IF) _ pe AS. = = 6.3085% 1 ces* 20° od P= 5.31 KN = = Pisin2@ _ (5.3085ut0*) sin HO" 2 ts GR 7 ayaazrerosy > BRAT HO (e) C= 182.0 kPa meco oa feeee ee eacey PROBLEM 1.31 1.31 Two wooden members of3 «6 in. uniform rectangular cross section ae joined bythe simple lued scarf splice shown. Knowing tha the miaxmur allowable shearing, stress inthe glued splices 90 ps, determine (a) the largest load P which can be safely applied, () the corresponding tes stress inte splice SOLUTION @ ~ Fo - 40° = 50° A= G6) = 18 int = @B sg, T= WR sino = ZAZ. - (Cig) (90) _ Pe sa ze = sin ioe * 3270 P= 3290 fb = tee $240 ees" 8° _ 5.5 C2 7S.Sp =t PROBLEM 1,32 BER = sco « PROBLEM 138 1.38 Link ise th ands ade of asl ith 80- Mata sna in tension. What should be its width w ifthe structure shown is being designed 10 ‘support &20-KN Toad P with a factor ofsafery of 3? SOLUTION Use bar ACD os a free body and note that member BC is a two-Foree member. EM so 480 Fac - COOP =O e Foe? $0,P = (20) (20.1109) asmio” N For afactor of salety FS. = 3, the ustimate toad of member BC Fo =(FS.)(Fa) = (3)(a5%10°) = 75x 109 N Bt f= GA Az & 7 ee = 166.67 10S m* 0 6 Foro rectanguine section Aswt or wiQz 1hgpxlo” 0.006 Fee e o Wz 27-BKIO mo 278mm(atten mi oa 1.39 Member 4C, whichis supported by a pin and bracket at Cand a cable BD. was PROBLEM 1.39 designed to support the 4-bip load P as shown Knowing thatthe ultimate load for ‘cable BD is 25 kips, determine the factor of safety with respect 10 cable failure SOLUTION Use member ABC as a 4 Free body and note that member BD is a 4wo- force member md =M_.= 0 P eas 40°) (ZOin) ¥ (P sino? (15 in) = [Fen cos 20" )(IS in) ~(Fep sin BOIUIRIM) = 0 = 32.623 32.6234) _ “ Fan = 22828 p = GLO . 6.8715 hips Rector of safety fr cable 80 FS = fit sons ace 1.40 Knowing thatthe ultimate load for eable BD is 25 kips and that factor of safety (f3.2 with respect to cable failure is required, determine the magnitude ofthe largest force P which can be safely applied as shown to member ABC. PROBLEM 1.40 SOLUTION P Dse member ABC asa Free body ane note that member BD is a two-Foree member. Bo wie] EM.= 0 A CP cos 40")(30 in) +P sin YO" VIS in) - (Fan cos 30°IS in) = (Fay sin 30°)012 in) = 0 pe ES Fen = OnSB2IG Fao APlowable Poad For member BD is Fan = i 7. 7.8125 kips Aowable toad P= (0.582ic (78125) = 45S kips «mo 7 EEEEEEpr ecco Pree reer fires ee oe) eee ed (ezai: PROBLEM Lat LAI Members AB and AC ofthe truss shown consist of bars of square cross section made of the same alloy. Icis known that a 20- min square bar ofthe same alloy was tested to failure and that an ultimate load of 120 kN was recorded. Iftar AB has &(5- osm mmm square eros section, detemine (a) the fActor of say for bat AB, () the Ie dimensions ofthe cross section ofbar AC itis to have the same ator of ay as bar PR 4 odm soLurios Length of member AB na = {0.75% O4* = 0.85 m Use enbire truss as a free body As f Ay DEM.=O LH A, = r2s2ed= 0 A= IS KN SZR=0 Ay-28=0 Ay= 28 KN a Use joist A os Free body Zekw a, [hy *2 Fre SE Re-Ayso ee Fre Fig = GARGS) «7 AW Fre HZFy=0 Ay ~ Fre - 2 Fig = © 7 417) Fez 23-2 = Z0 bn For the test bar A= (0,020)" = Yoox/o™ m* 9, = 120 x10" N For He meteriol Gys Be = Wow? 300x108 Pa Hoo xio* For bar ss.z fe 2 GA. (Beon0t Y(o.01g)° (a) Fov AB Es. Fe co a = 3.97 = = . GA * Fe = = QA. Ga (e) For bar AC ORS = pt = Be ua at = ES) Eu 2 (8.97Gorle") 2 264.7 x10" Ss 300 K/0* Q= 16.27 x/07 om 16.2) mm aeq r eee es a es coed rood (ae i=l oa co (Gee 1.42 Members 4B and AC of the truss shown consist of bars of square cross section made ofthe same alloy. Icis known that a 20-mm-square bar of the same alloy was tested 10 fuilure and that an ultimate load of 120 kN was recorded. Ifa actor of safety ‘of 3.2 isto be achieve for both bars, determine the required dimensions of the cross section of (a) bar AB, (b) bar AC. PROBLEM 1.42 075m bas a SOLUTION ® Length oF member AB ashy Dog 2 POISON? = 085m Y Use entive truss as a Free body " DEM. =O LBA ~(0.95N(28)=0 Aye ISKN +fZFy = 0 Ay ~ 2820 Ay 228 kN : Use joint A as free body mew A, day SER =O BB Fm - Ay =o om Fie Fyn = CAQUD = IT uN Fre HERO Ay Fe-Sitaeo Fre = 28 - LQ4XI2). = 20 kN For the test bar A= (0.020)"= Yoox/o® m* PR, = 20x10" N For the material Gy = & = fens = 300x10% Pa (a) Foc member ABs = GA oy ate Ger fe = ZMU2 418) = 181.83 10% wot @ = 13.47 «10% m 13,47 mn = (i) For menber AC FS, = fe + GA. sb pr = SMe. Gavaord) - 243.43 210° mt ‘> = 14 6lxIo Ss m 4.61 mm etmi 1 om ma eee 1.43 The two wooden members shown, which support a 20-KN load, ae joined by plywood splices filly glued on the surfaces in contact. The ultimate shearing stress in the give is 2 8 MPa and the clearance between the members is 8 mmm. Determine the WN 190mm factor of safety, knowing that the length of each splice is Z = 200 mm. PROBLEM 1.43 SOLUTION There ave 4 separate aveas of ghoe. Each give area must tramsmit 10 KN of shear Doak. a P= loxiotN Length of spfice L= 22+ where P= fength ghee and c= Searance. 2 = 40L-c) = $£(0.200-0.008) = 0.096 m. Aven of glue Az Pw = (0.096)0./20) = 1.52 x10* m* Ustimte oad Py = WA's (2.3108 M152 410" )e 32.256 ¥/0°N Factor safely FS.= Be = 32,886 71 = 3.23 = 1.43 The two wooden members shown, which support a 20-KN load, are joined by plywood splices fully glued on the surfaces in contact. The ultimate shearing stress in the glue is 2.8 MPa and the clearance between the members is § mm. pcan 1.44 For the joint snd loading of Prob. 1.43, determine the required length J ofeach splice if factor of safety of 35 isto be achieved PROBLEM 1.44 SOLUTION Theve ore 4 separate areas of glue. Fach glee area must transmit 10 kN oP shear Doad. P= loxlo® N Required ultimate fod Py ® (FS.)(P) = (a. SMloxlo") = as mio" M Required dength 2 oF each gle area : ee Run Sas sto ee xo Pe tA aw ae = @anotVoue) * 104,17 x10) Length of splice L= 20+e = (2 Mio4.I7x/0")+ 0,008 = Z16.3x1o* m 216 mm1 Calc 2 esos) ee eed eee seal se cereed eee: eal PROBLEM 1.45 1.48 Three + in.-diameter steel bolts are to be used to attach the steel plate shown, to wooden beam, Knowing that the plate will support a 24-kip load and that the tltimate shearing stress forthe ste! used is 52 ks, determine the factor of safety for this design. SOLUTION For each bolt AsHdt= E(2) = o.s4is in* Pu = At = (0.4418)(S2) = 22.97 Wes Per bo/t P= B = 8 kips 28g rs. = Bes 292 2 287 =< PROBLEM Ls As Tee els ete ache ts pat shots ode ‘Knowing tha the plate wil support a 24-kp load, thatthe ullimate shearing sress for the steel used is $2 ksi, and that a factor of safety of 3.37 is desired, determine the equited diameter of the bolts soLuTION Fer each boft P= 4t = 8 kips Require P, =(RS.)P = (3.87M8)> 26.96 Kips Y= & a Ae Be AE FE = 0.518% im® A= Hats d=f4k + [Megaw = 0.8125 in, =1 c ca seal ee eeeee) 7 1LA7 A load P is supported as show bya steel pin which has been inserted ina short wooden member hanging from the ceiling The ultimate strength ofthe wood used is {60 MP in tension and 7'§ MPa in shear, while the ulimate stvength of the ste! is 150, MPa in shear. Knowing that the diameter of the pin is d = 16 mm and that the magnitude oftheloadis P= —20KN, determine (a) the factor of safety for the pin, (6) the required values of b and ifthe factor of safety forthe wooden member isto be the same as that found in part a for the pin PROBLEM 1.47 SOLUTION P= 20kKN = Zo¥l0>N | “ed @) Pt Azdt= F (0.016) = 201.06 10m Double shear %2 ee Py = RAT = QV RONbxIs* MISO xI08) = 60.319*10° N = Po. 60.819xlo* _ FS. B= [oyi08 = 3.02 = (e) Tension in wood = Py = 60.319 W/O" N for same FS. ig e eaee Oo = KR = Wlbrd) : Py 0.319mJO* sy 2 be d + bes 0.016 + 5 Oy 411 Jo m be Wb mm =< where We 4Omm = 0.040m Shear in wood Py = 60,319 #105 N for same FS. Double shear; each area is A= we Py be = OR awe 3 Pe - 60.ano* ___ C* Tw * @Xoovey2s%0%) ~ C= 100.5 mm = 100.5 x10° mao ooo, ey 1.47 Aout Ps sported shown by ste pin hich hasbeen seed ina sbor PROBLEM Las wooden menor argng fom the cl The ute engl he mood ed Ovi nsensonsne 3 Masher wile heute seh ofa see Se Means 148 Fore sippon of Prob 17, knowing hat b= 40 me= 5 me and d= 12 rm deters taba nd Pitan volar of ay of) Pde SOLUTION Based on clouble sheav in pin Py = 2AM = 2¥d*z, = F@)(o.01}(isox10*) = 33.93 «108 N Based on tension in wood Pz AS = wlb-d)e, = (0,040)(0, 040 - 0.012)(60x Io*) = 67.2 xlo°N Based on double shear in the wood Pur 2AM, = Awe, = (2 0.040)(0.058)(7.5x108) = 33.0 «10° N Use smallest Py = 33.0x107 N Abowahte Pe a = Shen! F 10.3)d0" N 10.3) kN «mo eset ree Cored a bro feseee te recede ood eee eee a: n LU ea eee) fee eee] eae) PROBLEM 1.49 1.49 In the structure shown, an 8- mm- diameter pin is used at 4, and 12- mm- diameter pn are ved at Band. Keowig ta he ate shearing tes 10 ‘mal conerdonssod ta he tint nctmal sess 30 MPuinatch ofthe tac jing tnd D, determine te alow load if novel flr of eyo ae is dened jpn mm 0 SOLUTION L ay sence 7 a Statics : Use ABC os Free body. 7 ¢ e omm de ZMe=0 0.20 Fy- 0.18 P=0 per ae A ‘sew ZMag= 0 0.20 Fp ~0.38P = O I Based on double shear in pin A Pe ig Feo Az Fa? = F(0.008)* = 50.266 «10% m* F, = SBA, Wl 90 «108 80.266 1108") = 3.851 410% N Ps BR = 3.72 «108 N Based on double shean in pins af B and D oot A= Hd* = F(o.oay = 118.10 x0" Feo = aA = Algo x1 )(NZ.10x10") = a 54 yigt N 3-0 P= fF = 3.97 x09 N Based on compression in Jinks BD For one Rink A= (0.020 (0,008) = 160 /07* m* Fap = SA - (aNlaso xiot icons) © 26.7 mj0* w FS. 3.0 P= Rep = 1.04108 N ADowable value of Pis smadlest + Pr 3.72x10°N 3.72 KN =a (ee aaa PROBLEM 1.50 1.49 In the structure shown, an 8+ mm- diameter pin is used at 4, and 12- mm- diameter pins are used at B and D. Knowing that the ultimate shearing stress is 100 ‘MPa tall connections and that theultimate normal tress is 250 MPa in each ofthe two links joining B and D, determine the allowable load P if an overall factor of safety of 3.0 desired 1.80 In an altemative design forthe structure of Prob 1.49, apin of 10-mm-diameter istobeused at A. Assuming that all other specifications remain uncharged, determine Tepvow the allowable load Pian overall foro safety of 0s dss ie ecient SOLUTION oS 7 aa Statics? Use ABC as Free body A & A 2 c £ Pilecsesteqeenarcap 2 18 ono —E-oi6 = tron te eer Feo pie} : ZMe=O 0.20 Fy - 0.18 P= 0 { le Sent seem E Pah ZMaz 0 0.20 Fep-0.88P ZO nels Based on double shear in pin A Pe ig Feo A=¥d* = F(o.010)* = Ws4 210 mm = EBA, (L100 w1o°\ 18654 IO) 2 5,236 xJ02 N P= BAR = 5.82 x10" N Based on double shear in pins ad B and D A= Edt = Foo} = 113.10 so" * m* Feo = AGA = (RYO X108 3.10910") = a ca wig? i 3.90 P= dF = 3.97 x09 N Based on compression in tinks BD For one Pink A= (0.020 (0,008) = 160x/0™ m* Fay = 282A _ (2(aso not Kigonis’) - 26.7 x08 W Fs. 3.0 Pe Fe = M.o4 loo N MPowable value of P is smaflest Pr 3.97xi0°N 3.97 KN =PROBLEM 151 1.51 Each ofthe ste inks AB and CDs connected toa support and to member BCE by $n diameter tapas cing ising shear. Knowing tha theultimate beating stress is24 kl othe steal used the pis end ths the line normal Suess 6 si forthe steel used inthe links, detersine the allowable load P ian oveal factor of safe of32in dated. (Note tha the ink re not renorced aroun tepals) SOLUTION Use BCE as Fwe body a eo IMg=0 GR,-2P 20 zt ps SF a ZMe=O BF ag - RP ZO P= SFe Both Pinks have the same area and same pin diameter 5 hence, being A the same material, they wit have the same ultimate load. Based on pin in single shear Az Fats Ed) = 0.19635 in® Fo = ToA = (24)(0.19635) = 47124 kips Based on tension in Fink A= (b-d)t = (1-8) 4H) = 0.125 int Fo = SA = (60)(0.125) = 7.50 Kips UPtimate foad for Sink is smabfest: = ALTIRY ips. Alowhle toad far Dink Fs Bt x BIR 2 1u726 hips Alouette Load for structwe P= .@F = 0.587 Kips F = 527 dh -_PROBLEM 1.82 1.51 Bach of the ste! links AB and CD is connected toa support and to member BCE co by J =n ameter sel pins acting single ser Knowing that he utimateserng i tn sexs is 24s forth stetused inthe insand thatthe linate noma stress 0k cl fp fori tel used inthe inks, dnterive the lovable ood Pifan overall for of safety of 32s desired. (Note hat he inks ae not reinforced around the pin hoes 1.52 Analtematve desig being considered to suppor member BCE of Prob, 1 inch ik CD willbe eplaced by two links, each of $i, cross section, causing gi F) the pins at Cand D to beindouble shear. Assuming that al other specifications remain unchanged, determine the allowable load if an overall factor of safety of 3.2 is desired 8a. 1240, SOLUTION A \ py] Use member BCE as free body fe + 3 ZM,20 Bhy-20P 20 Ps SFie Fa ZMe=O BF 1QP=0 Ps GF {] Based on pin A in single shear A = Ed* © Fk 0.19685 in® Fo = WA © (24)(0.19635) = 4.7124 Kips Based on tension in Sink AB A= (b-d)t = G8) = 0.188 in® Fo= GA = Govo.ias) = 7.S50kips {] Ultimete Road For Pink, AB iis, smallest, ie, I =47124 kips | Corvesponcting uPtimate toad for stroche: Be FA = 3.1416 Kips [] | Based on pins at Cand D in double shear A= Fd™ = Elk) = 0.19635 in* Foz 20A = (@Xa¥\(0.19685) = 7.4248 Kips Based on tension in Jinks BC A= (b-a)E = U-E)4) = 0.0625 n* Cone fink) Fo = 260A = (2X(60) (0.0625) = 7.50 kips Cots, both Jinks ) Ultimate Poa for Sinks BC is smablest, ie. Fy = 7.50 Kips Corresponding vitimate toad Br structure Pye #R= 3,00 Kips, Actuad odimete Hoar is smatfest, ue. P, = 3.00 kips Allowable toad for strocture P»&t = B22. o.nge rip P= 938 Db. ~PROBLEM 153 1.53_Eachofthe wo veri inks CF comsecig the two hoiontal menbers AD and EC has 10> 40. m unormrectanglar eos section and ismade oa ste vith Ss tn late engi in esion of 400 MPs while each of te pins at Cand Fas 2 20- oe mm diameter and is made of a steel with an ultimate strength in shear of 150 MPa. pou Determine te over for of ane fo telinks CF and is conecting temo the honzontl meres. SOLUTION Use member EFG as free body, Fee LK 0.40 —e—0.25- DIM, 20 0.40 Fip ~(0.65)(a4v10*) = © Fy = 39x10" N 24k Based on tension in Pinks CF A= (b-d)t = (0,040 - 0.02)(0.010) = 200 10° m* (one fink) Fy =26, A= (2(H00x10°)(200 x10") = 160.0 xJo8 N Based on dovleJe shear in pins A = Fd* = 2,020) = 314.16 «10S m* Fo = 27 A = QV 150 x/0*\(314.16 10) = 74.248 %)0° N Acton) Fy is smabler value, ie Fy = 94.248 Kio" N . Factor oP sadely ES, = gE = Tead sso" = 2.42 as cr™ oo fe a) speed eee eC) fe Meee) (ee) eevee fee fe) eee ome 19a of te wove tts comeing 0 tose arr AD Sieoe teen toc con emecancn enact aoe set edwin inne meegh's tear of 0 ve No Be i ty a CF ud ps oeting on bes, ‘the horizontal members. 184 Solve Prob. 1.53, assuming that the pins at C and F have been replaced by pins “00 am, with a 30- mm diameter SOLUTION Use member EFG as free body. For Fee ka. 0 —L-o.25- DIM, =0 24 kW O40 Fer ~ (0.6524 xIG ) = 6 Fep = 3710" N sak Based on tension in Jinks CF A= b-d)t = (0,040 0,080)(0,010) = 100 #1 m" (one Link) Fut 26,A = (2)(doowlo®)(100 *10"*) = 80,0%10° N Based on dovbfe shear in pins Az Eat = E(o,080)* = 706.86 x10° m* F = 2A = @isomiot (706.86 ¥lo) = 212.06« 10" N Actual Fy is smaller vadve, ic. Fy = 80.0107 N Fastor of safety FS.2 EL = £20410 - 205 = aoo) faa (ere eee gee ree ge Gore eee eae PROBLEM 1.55 185 A.’ lee {in thick is embedded in horizontal enerete sab and is ued toanchorahigh-sttenat vertical cable as shown The diameter ofthe hole inthe pate e is} in, the ukimate strength of the ste sed i 36 ks, and the ultimate bonding suessberween plat and concrete is 300 psi. Knowing that a factor of safety of 3.60 is desied when P= 25 kip, detemine (a) the required witha ofthe plate, (8) the ricimum depth bto wich a plate of that width should be embedded inthe concrete Sib. (Neglet the normal sieses between the concrete and the lower end ofthe pit) SOLUTION 2.5 Kips Based on tension in plate A =(a-d)t Po = GA rs.7 Be. Gade Solving for b _ (Bs) P_ 3, Geodl2-5) an ds eet F* Gerd) a= 1.550 in -_ Basedon shear between plate and concrete sfah A= penmeteny depth = 2(a+t)b oases R= TA = 2% lart)b rs.s & in =4RS)P_ _ _G.6)(2.5) ei ? 2lattV% ~ (2K 1.550+E)O. 300) b= 8.05 in —<(Bee esa ceo eon eed ee 1.85 sol plate 2 in. thick is embedded ina horizontal conrete slab and is sed to anchor high-strength vercal abla shown. The diameter of the bole the plate in} in, the ultimate strength ofthe sel used is 36 Ks andthe ultimate bonding stress between late and conerete is 300 pi 1.36, Detrmane the fcr of salty forthe cable anchor of Pro, 1.55 when P=3 kip, knowing that a= in and B= 7.5, PROBLEM 1.56 SOLUTION 3 kips Bosed on tension in plate A=la-d)t = (2-4)(E) = 0.8906 in’ PGA = (36 (0.3906) = \4.06 ips RSs Bes lies = neg Based on shear between plate and concrete slab A= perimeter » depth = 2(aré)b = 2(a+)(75) A= 34.69 in® TW = 0.300 ksi Poe TA = (0,800)(34.67) = 10.41 kips rs. 7 Bee tls 3.47 Actual Pactor of satety is the smaller value RS.= 3.47 =PROBLEM 1.57 "1.57 A.40-kg platform is attached to the end B of a $0-kg wooden beam AB, which is supported as shown by apinat A and by a slender ste! rod BC witha 12-KN ultimate load, (a) Using the Load and Resistance Factor Design method witha resistance factor c ‘0,90 and load factors yp" 1.25 and 7; 1.6, determine the largest load which ean be safely placed on the platform. (8) What isthe corresponding conventional factor of | safety for rod BC? SOLUTION : 4 & Dm DEM, = 0 (24)8P — 24 WwW -12W, = Pr EW + EU, For dead Joading W,= (HO)(9.81) = 392.4 N Wr: ON98I) = 490.5 N Pe = (EX 392.4) +E )490.5) © 1.0628 * los N For Pive Joading Woemg Wet 0 Pos Smg From which om -28 Design eritenion YR + hh = OP p= 2 -%R . (0.90)(iawiot) = (1.25°)(/, 0628 x10) YL 1G = 5.720«10* N Allowable Joud = me $ Stu = B62 ky «< Conventionad factor satety Pe Ra Ps 1.0628 "0° + 5.920x10° = 6.483 x/0* N 2 BH , _aviot oe oe Zaagnos = 8 a eee fees ese cme Jag es Yaz aeCc (ese eee eel oO 41,58 The Load and Resistance Factor Design method isto be used to select the two cables whieh will reise and lower a platform supporting 1wo window washers. The platform weighs 160 1b and each ofthe window washers is assumed to weigh 195 ‘ith his equipment, Since these workers ae fee to move onthe platform, 75% of heir total weight and ofthe weight oftheir equipment willbe used as the design live load of tach eable.. (@) Assuming a resistance factor = 0.85 and load factors Yo ~ 1.2 and 7.715, determine the required minimum ultimste load of one cable. (8) What isthe conventional factor of safety for the selected cables? PROBLEM 1.58 SOLUTION P+ UR = PP p = eh+Kh ? 0.85 629 fb. - 4 Conventional facto of safety P= Re P= dx80+ OW xAxtas = 372.5 th > Be. Ge RS. > 2 = SH = 689 =189 For the truss and loading PROBLEM 1.99 mere DF knowing that theca sean were ta ee ose Z J SOLUTION: ion BT" Using method f joints 4o find member forces > 1S0kN s Joint Bt AB and BD ave zero force members, Joint A+ My = {B2IS® = 3.15 m | le 180 [ese eee aaapan 130 kn By similar triangles 7 Fo Fae Joint D foe = 135 BN (comp) ae Fe By similar triangdes << Rg Fog 28° Ee 228 ~ 3,75 For = 135*10° N Areat Ay = 2500 mm™ = 2500%105 m* : 135 <1" 2 eeeecee Stress? Opp = “Zs0owroe 7 7 S#¥IOW Pa = S40 MPa meti ome Se nc Ee gto) Per ca ore te (cee Co O (cana) 4 te 1,60 Link AC has a uniform rectangular cross section in. thick and 1 in, wide, PROBLEM 1.60 ‘ i Determine the normal stress inthe central portion ofthat ink. SOLUTION ey Use the plate together B, ce with two pulleys as a *20Me cL Free body. Note thet ah the cable tension 120.0 t coerce at 1300 hin chock wise coupde to act on the body. : ae DIMg= 0 i = U2 +4 Fae cos 30”) + (10) Fre sin 80") = 1260 = O eo geen Fre ® ~ieegterstosnge® 7 ~135.50 fb. Avea of Pink AC? Az linvdine 00125 tn® in De : i L i ce . Stress in fink AC? Gi? Ge = - HBSS = 1084 psi = LOST Ks! =e Prone a 1L61 When the force P reached 8 kN, the wooden specimen shown filed in shear along the surface indicted by the dashed line. Determine the average shearing stress along that surface atthe tne of failure Area being sheared - Az GO wni x 15mm = 1350 mm = 1350 *107% m* Fore Pr 8~10> N Shearing stress = £ +3210, = S.9axio* ax S.ta Me 1.62 Two wooden planks, each 12 mm thick and 225 mm wide are joined by the dry PROBLEM 1.62 mortise joint shown. Knowing that the wood used shears off along its grain when the Trerage Seering ness ences 8 MPs, determine the magnitude P ofthe net oad SOLUTION ‘hic leas the jt of 16a Six areas, cach [Gmm*I2mm are de ed being shearest. Avea: A = (6\(16 Cia) = EQ mm = S2*1O% m* eee Pe YAxe (8xlo*\iisaxiot) = 9.22%l0"N = 722 KN ~ucHiEMiG 1.63 The hydraulic oylnder CF, which partially contos the positon of rod DE, has been locktin the poston shown. Mere Dx in thik ands ome othe verical rod by a }-in- diameter bot. Determine a) the average shearing sean the bolt, (5) the bearing stress at C in member BD. ace SOLUTION Use member BCD as a free bo. and wh note thet AB is a +wo force member yg of BH B™ = 82; YOO cos 75° Ll = B.2in. ion 400 sin 6° aah DIM=0 (Hees 20° XS Fe) - (sin 20° EE fie) B2 = (7 cas20")(400 sia 25°) ~ (7 sin 20° (400 cas 75°) =O 3.36678 Fag - 2787.35 -=0 © Fag = 828.49 fb AZF,=0 ~E Re + Cy + 400 cs 75° so Ce Assasin ~ Foo cas 75" = 78.34 Ph. SZReo ~& Fe + C, - 400 ain 75° =O Cyt S2C82249) . Yoo sin 75° = 1194 65 Db. CrIGRE Ge = 197.24 Shearing stress in the bobt P= 197.2 $6 At Hd* = E(B) = o.tlo4s int A 2 Wane, . : : Te £ : oe > 10.8410 psi 10.84 ksi = fb) Beanrng Stress at C in member BCD: P= 192.2 Dh A= = (4) 0.234875 i > PB . jena. Sper = SL Mkss ~ St Ay azaware 7 SM epee = SM ke i l1.64 A £--in. diameter stel rod AB is fitted to a round hole near end C of the bieptreraicteets ‘wooden member CD. For the loading shown, determine (a) the maximum average ‘normal sires in the wood, (8) the distance 6 for which the average shearing stress is {90 psi on te surfaces indicated bythe dashed lines, () the average bearing sress on the wood, SOLUTION (2) Mazimum noemad stress in the wood Ant © (3-4) = 1.875 int oe B+ 1802 = sas pai = Pic een ea abt) sa tee ate] ODE: b> pet * Gayo) = 74 I - Sige coteeaeeety maseagonad --V Bates 7 © GA" IE Ea) = 267 psi =a 1.68 Two plates, each 3-mm thick, are used to splice a plastic strip as shown. Knowing thatthe ultimate shearing stress ofthe bonding between the surfaces is 900 kPa, determine the factor of safety with respect to shear when P = 1500 N. PROBLEM 1.65 15 50 mm SOLUTION Be4 Bond areas (See figure) = i w sam Az 7Geoleyisi(eed ig = 800mm" = 1506 rtm FE | Py = ZAT, + (a)lSoox1k (400 x10*) = 2700 millimeters ¥ Joo Fs.= Bs 2222 - 1,300 = 1.66 Two wooden members of 3.5 5S, uniform rectangular cross section ae PROBLEM 1.66 joined bythe snple glued sear splice shown, Knowing tat the maximum allowsble Shearing stress inthe hit spices 75 pe dtrne the largest al load P which can Besafelyappied SOLUTION Ag= (3.5 5.5) = 19.28 in” @= ~20" = 70" p=-h snore = Hi si 20 pe ZA . @rinasWIs) = yy92 gp = ug Kips «< Sino Sin Ho"1.67 A stee! loop ABCD of length 1.2 m and of 10-mm diameter is placed as shown PROBLEM 1.67 stomnd tne nett smi sod AC. Cale BE ad Die ea ok diameter, ae used 16 apply the load Q_ Knowing thatthe ultimate strength of the aluminum used for the rod is 260 MPa and that the ultimate strength of the steel used forthe loop and the cables is 480 MPa, determine the largest load Q which ean be applied if an overall factor of safety of 3 is desired sourtion a a Usin. int B asafree bod. andedneidering syemebg™ oo 23h - Qz0 re Fas Q* fn esa deh ds ses be oa 7 2-$Fa- Fe = 0 Fon BEQ-Fe-O0 - Q2 2h Based on strength of cable BE Qu= GAs GEd* = (Heoxiot) F(0.012)* = 54.2410" N Based on strength of shee! Loop Qs* Shag = SOA= Fa = £C40n10¢) F(0.010)* = 45.24 «{o* N Based on strength oP rod AC Ov Fee = FGA = FTI = $ (acomo*) F (0.024)* = 88,22 x/0* Actush ultimate Arad Quy is the smadfest © Qy= 45.24x10" N Movahle Dod = & - Hdl. ig og nic w = 15,08 kN = it J 2 Ga oa st1.68 Link AC has a uniform 2 in. uniform rectangular eos secton and is rrade of ste! with a 60-Ksi ultimate normal sess. It isconnested 10 a suppor at A nd to member BCD at Cby $-in-diametr pins, while member BCD sconneted to support at By a ¢-in-diameter pin. Allof the pins arein single shear and are made ofa steel ith a 25s ulimate shearing sess. Knowing that an overall actor of Safety of 325 le desied, determine the lrgst load P which can be safely applied et D ‘Note that ink AC is ot teinforeed around the pin Hales SOLUTION DIM,g+0 XER.)-10 P+ o Fre = 2.0833 -P P= 0.480 Fe 4+ZRzO By-2F 0 Be = SF. = ($¥20883P) = 1.25 P WIR o | 6B ERL-P eo B+ P- $208asP) = - 0.66667 P BeBe = 1.4/667P, Pro.7seeB Bosed on strength of Jink AC! Gur GO Msi Avot = (EY E-#) > 0.08125 ins Fagy = GAut =(60X0.08/25)= 89S kip, Pu = (0.480 (1-895) = 0.900 kip. Based on strength of pin at Cs Ayn = Fd* = F(Z) = 0. NOR in® Ter 28 ksi Fray = ToApin = (25\(0. 1104S) > 2.76) kip Po = -uR90 (2.761) = 1.82 Kip, Based on strength pin at Bi Apins Fd? > EGE)" = 0.07670 in By = Apia = (25)(0,07670) = 1.9175 kip. Pe = (o.70588\1.9175) = 1.3585 kip Actucd Py is the smallest? Put 0.900 kip Abowoble volve for P: P= & = $92 = 0.277 kip + 277 APROBLEM 1.69 ige 1.69. The two portions of member 4B are glued together along a plane forming an angie O with the horizontal. Knowing that theultimate stress forthe glued joint is 17 ‘MPa in tension and 9 MPa in shear, determine the range of values of Ofor which the factor of safety ofthe member is atleast 30, SOLUTION : A, = (0.0301(0,080) = |,Sox1o* P = loxio*N PR =(RS)P = 30x10 N SS Based on tentide stress alan, 20mm cos*O 29 = GAL. (17x10°)Ci.sox10*) ee eee we Oe cos @ = 0.92195 = 22.79" OF 22.79" Based on shearing stress 2, = Be cine = 2 sin zo sw go> 2AcT - = BXise nto? Kant) 0.900 BP 30 x10= a 29 = 6416" O = 32.08" O ¥ 32,03" Henco 22.77" € @ € 32.08" = ae 1.70 The wo ponions of member AB are glued together along a plane Forming an Shearing stress? t= Beinbaso + Rie = i cng: Soho Equcting Pees * *e * Ber Penbaree Soing: S28 = tO == Host, Ayr ane =e R, +S U7 x10°)C.S0x1I0") ~ = 3.65410; Thea angie 6 withthe horizontal. Knowing that theultimate stress fr the glued joint is 7 MPa in tension and 9 MPa in shear, determine (a) the value of @'for which the factor ‘of safety of the member is maximum, (b) the corresponding value of the factor of safety. (Hint: Equate the expressions obtained for the factors of safety with respect 10 normal stress and shea.) SOLUTION MM the optivium angle (FS)e *(FS)e Normal shes? G2 Poss’ + Pig: ahs ia ns cos* OB we. Sy (F Sd, > Br > Ag, tbe. mmoers > Fae . As Preheat Pero ace TyAe cas? 27.9" ere oe ks = fs Bape = 3260 = Ay = ©.030)(0.080) = |.S0x10* m*PROBLEM 1.C1 1.01 A solid steel rod consisting of n cylindrical elements welded to- gether is subjected to the loading shown. The diameter of element iis denoted by and the load applied to its lower end by P,, with the magnitude P, of this Toad being assumed positive if P, is directed downward as shown and negative ‘otherwise. (a) Write « computer program which can be used with either ST or ee U.S. customary units to determine the average stress in each element of the rod. (b) Use this program to solve Probs. 1.1 and 1.3. souuTioN FORCE IN ELEMENT L: to [t (5 the sum of The forces applied to that. element and all fower ones: Area = A; = F Te PROGRAM QUTPUTS Problem 1. Problem 1.3 Element Stress iwra) Blement Stress (ksi) 1 84.883 1 22.635 2 -96.766 2 17.927PROBLEM 1.C2 1.€2 A 20-KN force is applied as shown to the horizontal member ABC. fa Member ABC has a 10 $0-mmuniform rectangular cross section and is sup- ported by four vertical links, each of 8 X 36-mm uniform rectangular cross section, Each of the four pins at A, B, C, and D has the same diameter d and is in double sheat. (a) Write « computer program to calculate for values of d from 10 to 30 mm, using l-mm increments, (1) the maximum value of the av erage normal stress inthe links connecting pins B and D, (2) the average nor- 1mal stress in the links connecting pins C and E, (3) the average shearing stress in pin, (4) the average shearing stress in pin C, (S) the average bearing stress at B in member ABC, (6) the average beating stress at C in member ABC. (6) Check your program by comparing the values obtained for d= 16 mm with the answers given for Probs. 1.8, 1.23, and 1.24. (c) Use this program to find the permissible values of the diameter d of the pins, knowing that the allow- able values of the normal, shearing, and bearing stresses forthe steel used are, respectively, 150 MPa, 90 MPa, and 230 MPa. (d) Solve part c, assuming thet the thickness of member ABC has been reduced from 10 to 8 mum. SOLUTION FORCES IN LINKS Dia 2M OF C: = 20 KN FB, Diecea™ OF ABC: 2h BEM, =O: 2 Fan(BO-P(AC)=0 ed) Paps P(AG/2(BC) (TENSION) t + EMy= 0: 2, (BC) P(AR)=0 2 Fan Fop= PIABY/Z(BC) (comP.) () Link Bp (2) Link CE Fay Thickness t, ee : - Fre Thickness = £ App = t, (Wi-d) | ao ¢ A Geoe 2) Ace = bya, boa BD=+ Fap/Azo “ae Se=~ Fee /Mee (3) Pur B : (4) PIN . > Fen / (Pa) = Fee /(474) (5) BEARING STRESS AT B HEARING STRESS IN “Thickness of ember AC =Tac Sig Bear BE Fan /(a Lac) G) BEARING STRESS ATC “33 Boar C= Foe/(d lic) INDER PIN B Bao] @Ta= Sac tre (Mae /e) ‘Ac SS (CONTINUED)Cc a, oo (ese) PROBLEM 1.C2 CONTINUED PROGRAM OUTPUTS INPUT DATA FOR PARTS (2), (b), (¢): P= 20 KN, AB = 0.25 m, BC= 0.40 m, AC= 0.65 m, TL=8 mm, WL = 36 mm, TAC = 10 mm, WAC = 50 mm d Sigma BD Sigma CB Tau 8 ‘Tau C SigBear B SigBear C 30.00 78.13 -22.70 79.58 125.00 11,00 81.25 -21:70 65.77 113.64 12/00 84.64 -21.70 55.26 10417 13100 88.32 -21.70 47.09 96.15 14.00 40.60 99.29 15.00 35.37 16.00 SeT 83.33 31:08 2031278113 e~ (b) ise fee ange iedse esa 15.08 Sr3i floc Tnilos 63.19 20.00 fing plea igaso 2.90 2y!00 aig2lelogTsalve Sols 22:00 oe ae 7a Seen 23/90 Sin igies datiga Sela 2.00 iia lalea Yislaa alae 23.00 Blo 12073 10.08 S00 26.00 dole lil? Yasloo deo 27:00 belse lola 1g0.37 te'30 25.00 begs luis) lier Aten 23:00 filco “gla. liglor 43:30 33.00 fics lee loess Alle (ANSWER: 16mm sds 22mm ~<& (C) CHECK: For d= 22 mm, Tau AC= 65 MPa<90MPa O.K. INPUT DATA FOR PART (4): P= 20 KN, AB =0.25 m, BC AC 40m, 0.65 m, TL = 8 mm, WL = 36 mm, TAC = 8 mm, WAC = 50 mm 4 Sigma BD Sigma CE Tau B Tau C Sigkear B SigBear ¢ 10.00 78.13 -21.70 J06HG) 79.58 156.25 i100 gngs “atv 3.07 | iaaios 1200 Galea “ati7o [Aga%eg| Se 30 olan 13.00 88.32 -21.70 47.09 A 120.19 laos $2.33. “ahve foie e| tinier 1300 56.13 “aalro Poraél 38°59 30437 36.00 101186 “ail7o “Boaz 3h\o8 37.66 1700 ioesn “anlt0 19183984 Silat 18:00 itaies “atl7o ease dase Geer hi3 19:00 19/49 “ail7o $7.31 3a¢aaiaven Sead 20.00 126195 1T0m,G,=HOMPa, TFOMPa, FS-= 3.2 Fau=5.79kN, Stress in links is critical ~@ater- eign neeeeet (B) Forage angles oP Arist eee tae + ‘ = fate: fet rr ~ PROBLEM 3.64 13464 A tongue T is applied as shown to a solid tapered shaft AB. Show by integration that the angle of twist at is o- SOLUTION 122Ge* Introduce coordinate y as shown. n= ot Twist in et + = 4. 2TI A dee at * GE * Get a = (PATE oy 2 ate (™ g> ace # = te SH 20 ae 20 Brey Searles oa 2m §-3 By, = eet d was * ae S os ant = TL ta Weet weet3.65. An anaulr plate of thickness ¢ and modulus of rigidity G is used to connect PROBLEM 3.65 shaft AB of radius r, o tube CD of inner radius r,.. Knowing that a torque T is applied toend 4 of shaft 4B and that end D of tube CD is fixed, (a) determine the magnitude and location of the maximum shearing stress inthe annular pate, (6) show thatthe SOLUTION {ng trough whch ead Bot he sh routes wih epee ondC of he ibe Use free beady consistin toc q{+-4] of shaPt AB add an inner! nail ay ortion of the plate BC, te Cohen radios of Fh i ‘3 tion being ‘p SP a at The force per unt 7 \ < Peagth. of ekrcvmberence 4 @ : : = is “et. 4 Pout ¥ =M~0 ee a ctlanpye -T=0 oe © = Feepe (2) Monin shearing stress ccewrs at p20, Tae* FEN " Sheaning strain Y= = ete The relive circumferential displacement T' in radia fength op is aS: dp = p dg ag= re ty =D, 4 ._ Tie ae amet “20GE pt ‘2 4 7 2S (ee Deeeeewoteee de aeeeaTe _ rea Putz 276 TiGe f & ICEL FF CI, ee Ce aie Tofi i * 9nGE {aia “ROELN . fea (ceo Feo oes]3.66 An annular aluninum plate (G = 27 GPs), of thickness (= 6 mm, is used to PROBLEM 3.66 ‘connect the aluminum shaft 4B, of length L, = 90 mm and radius r, = 30 mm, to the ‘aluminum tube CD, of length Z; = 150 mim, inner radius r, = 75 ram and 4 mm thickness. Knowing that a 2500-N-m torque'T is applied to end A of shaft AB and that end D of tube CD is fixed determine (a) the maximum shearing stress in the shat- plate-tube system, (b) the angle through which end 4 rotates. (Pint; Use the formula SOLUTION Aerived in Prob. 3.65 to solve part 5.) Shatt AB a a a eee. 2: i ie ‘ = -Qilases, = 58.4 x10 Pa x 58.4 MPa “ Plate BC (See PROBLEM 3.65 for denvation) = 2 ——_4500___. = c ain * Filoooaoeseye = 77H R 73.7 MPe S ShPt CD 6, = N= 0.07 Mm, C,= +b = 0,015+0,004 = 0.07%] m T= Blot. ot) « £(0.0799- 0.075") = 482 x10°S in? rs Tee (asoe oI) = 7, 20010" Po. + 1220 MPa (a) Largest stress = 73.7 MPa = = Tile 2 ZT | 2(asee) (0,090) ada Ga" Gy = Teer? atari" ees = G.S50K107* rad Plate BC (See PROBLEM 3.65 Far denvation ) s—LJi-1}- 2500 tec Gee * TEE fa wy © aa YaGORT [Bea aos} = WLHE X10" nod = The ~__ S00) (0-150). -3 ShaF+ CD Peo Ee * CapstoTV, 4aIO*) = 1.210 £10 ° vat Tob rotation angle P= Pan + Pac + Pen = 8:91 x10" vad = 0.S10° =<3.67 Using an allowable stress of 55 MPa, design a solid stel shaft to transmit 10 peewee AW at a frequency of 15 Hz, SOLUTION Catt = SS 1" Fo, P= lono'w, F=1S He oP, = _loxiot s T =x ps 106.10 N-m a ents. * He =a - Seem. 1.228) 10S m> C= 10.71 x10 m= 10.71 mm A= 2c = 2.4 mm ~ PROBLEM 3.68 3.68 Using an allowable stress of ksi, design a solid steel shat to transit! hp at speed of 1725 mpm. SOLUTION Tat? 5 ksi = 5000 poi P=khp = $(6600) = 3300 Ab. in /s $= 4S = gas Me T= BGe = 12.268 Losin ~ Te. 2h s sal. au : t qe: Wes * - Te oT ra = 2.3260 wo in Cz 0.13825 In A= Re = 0.265 in - 5.69. Design a slid scl shat 1 transmit 100 bp a sped af 1200 rp ifthe Eee ‘maximum shearing stress is not 1o exceed 7500 psi. SOLUTION Tan = 1500 poi P= 100 hp = GEO Mein/s = oe, 60x10 i £ eee Tse - Gree = S. 2821 x10" Mein +k. L 2 BL ~ @M 5.2821 10?) ar t= qe. 28 ¢ BE = Oigasalee)~ owas i C= 0.7634 in d= Re = S28 in me 2.70 Design a solid tea shaft transmit 0.375 KW at 129 Ha ithe PROBLEM 3.70 shearing stress inthe shaft isnot to exceed 35 MPa oe SOLUTION Tay = BS ¥10 Pe P= 0.37SHI W f= 29H2 Te ger = 2332 = 2.0880 Nem 2)( 2.0580) 7 cole - BR. Oe Tee QB OB _ 37,48%10" m CF B.B4S5"IS im = 3.345 mm a= 2c = 6.69 mm =ch (Ga PROBLEM 3.71 3.71 A hollow shaft isto transmit 250 kW at a frequency of 30 Hz. Knowing that the shearing tress rust not exceed 50 MPa, design a shaft for which the ratio ofthe inner diameter to the outer diameter i 0.75 SOLUTION Tate = SO x10" Po P = 250¥ lo W Fe Bone Ts i = pene 1326.3 Nem ae “oot)= EQ -@))el = 1.0738 c," fot ogitipa oa 7 sie Tac corme es acnice 24.70 x10 m® oss Ee” Cy = RIAL m = 2912 mm d= 2c, = 58.2 mm = ) a) 3.72 Oneoftwo hollow driveshafts ofan ocean liner i 125 ft long, and is outer and Eee inner diameters are 16 in. and 8 in. respectively. The shaft is made of steel for which ‘y= 8500 psi and G = 11.2» 10% psi, Knowing thatthe maximum speed of rotation SOLUTION ‘ofthe shaft is 165 rpm, determine (a) the maximum power that ean be transmitted by the one shaft to its propeller, (8) the corresponding angle of twist ofthe shaft. Cattd,2 Bin Gets tin Se Eleai- a") Flat-4*)= costa int wees te Soa (6081-8¥ 8500) ~ 6.408810" thein Pa IE = RIS He Pz QwET = 20(2.78)(6.4o8axiot) = 10.74K10" fh-in/s 1O74« bS Ie-in/s C606 Phin Shp Le 2 = 1s00m p: Te = GHeBB 110° W150) _ 9 1422 ad CL2 #105 (603.38) = 16.78 xi" hp. ~ = BIS? =3.73 While a steel sha of the cross section shown rotates at 120 rpm, a peop ae: stroboscopic measurement indicates thet the angle of twist is2” ina 4-m length, Using G=71 GPa, éetermine the power being transmitted. SOLUTION aohmpe Twist angle P= 2° = 34.907 10% rad G tt = 0.01Sm, Cpetd, = 0.0875 m TRG) = £( 0.0875 *- 0.015") T= 3.0268 «10% m*, Letm . Tb : 77 103.0268 ¥107£ (34.907 ¥1s*) > FE r= GES. (rniorNs.czegsio™ Nantes? 120 = 2.0339xI0 Nem — Fe 120 0pm > G2He > ZHe 4 4 P=l@vhyT = 27QX%20339 KI) = 25.6 ¥lOS Ws ASE KW we PROBLEM 3.74 4.74 Determine the required thickness ofthe S0-nun tubular shaft of Example 3.07, ifs o tans the same power while rotating at # Requeney of 40 Hz SOLUTION From Example 3.07 P= loo kW = looxlW Tn = GOMPa = 60x/0% Pa p= ed = 0.015 m Given f= 4d He = _ lt. : of 2 of - Ue tas) + = Se” are QNB97.890(0-025) _ T (Coxlo8D s ECG = Ra xIO Mm + LR mm me 285.031 x15" m" a2.75 The design ofa machine cement eal fora 15-in-oute-dameter sha PROBLEM 3.78 serait ip. (a) aped of rotation is 720 rm determine the maxima shearing stress in shaft a (6) the speed of rotation canbe increased 50% to 1080 ‘pm, determine the ages inner diameter of shaft for which the maximam shearing Stress wl eth same in each shal. a de (a) ae &) en P= Co hp = (6oM6600) = 376 « Jo" be in/s f= Bl = He Crtkd = 0.75 in 3 fi T= co > Bex = S.2821¥10" 2b. in = Te, 2T , QUS.2sWo) 2 7 agsexio® Ones rai res carcosyt acai 7.98 ksi ~ Gy f= Be iene Cat $a, = 0.75 in I = oP. . 3% x0* _ x10" Db-is In T "anF *ana8d 3.5014 *10° 2b in iL } v cage ! Tee") ae acer aaa 4 2M3.5014 10° (0.75) _ Tin’ ci: G'- She ors ST 9.10547 in Ay= 26,7 LO in = 76 Aste! pipe of 60-m outer diameters to be used to trait a torque of 350 PROBLEM 3.76 ‘N-m without exceeding an allowable shearing stress of 12 MPa. A series of 60-mm- outer diameter pipes is evailble for use, Knowing thatthe wall thickness of the | oe available pipes varies from 4 mm to 10 mm in 2-mm increments, choose the lightest | ie that can be sed 7 le SOLUTION te Tt = 60x10 Pa C= dd, = 0,086 m in ex ie: fey 4.2 ¢t- 3Te - a 7 2197 pat | c= Ca! = Spe O.08e'- STS eroe) = 252.16 +197 m [= C, = 22.43 vio b= O,-6 = Zomm- 2243 mm = 2ST mm TO) | Retired Hredeness £>7.59m—. Avaidalle site 25 Emm ae 03.77 A steel drive shafts 6 ft long and its outer and inner diameters are respectively Fant aT ‘equal to 225 in. and 1.75 in. (a) Knowing that the shat transmits 240 hp while rotating at 1800 rpm, determine the maximum shearing stress. (6) Using G = 11.2 10° psi, determine the corresponding angle of twist ofthe shaft SOLUTION oe ee Ct kde 0.8m, CyagathlAsin, — L= GH = 72 in P= 2Ho he = (24ol(6600) = 1.584108 Mein/s Fe J Bo? = 30He LSM wOe 3 Me in T+ - Grtasy = Sitost x10} T= Fas 1) = BQ.ias'- 0.899") = 1559580 int @) ee Tee, Gate sang ps: Ss 1. $4539 = TL _ (8.403408 X72) or . one = 33.86"/0 red = [. = fe) 9 BF Ciaxtot\1.s7 eae) 7 39-8610 wn Lato 2.78 Koowing thatthe allowable shearing ses ofthe scl to be used 7500p, Pees determine (a) the smallest permissible diameter of a shaft which mast transmit 15 hp. ‘wile rotating af 2000 rp (the coresponding angle of twist na ength othe SOLUTION shaft (G = 11.2 « 10 psi). T= 1500 ps, f= 2882 = 33.329 Ha Pe Ishp = US)\cco0) * 94x10% Sb-in/s T= = ls = 172.69 Dorin Tr : ar. £2). vic iat @) t= = on Fe TUES = 40.123 «10 C= 0.342 in d= 2e = O.68ST in. ~« () T= Bet = Fests)’ = a.svexto® int Le 4 = 483, = Th 2 67.698) sag gq vi0 rad GT 2 O21. S16 A = 5.38" -_PROBLEM 3.79 3.79 Tce shafts and four gears are used to form a gear train which wil transmit 7.5 KW fromthe motor at 4 to a machine tool atF, (Bearing for the shafts are omitted in the sketch.) Knowing tha the frequency ofthe motor is 30 12 and thatthe allowable stress foreach shal is 60 MPa, determine the required diameter of each shat SOLUTION PETSKW = 72SxIoo Ww Tes GOMPa = 6orlot Pa ShaPt AB: Fas 30 He 5 10% Tot BER SEER = 92.789 Nem oem me ax Uo Rs hg Gee Fe 3. (233.789) _ eae Cue Theol) = 422,17 KIO mm Cag = 750x185" eq = 7.50 mom dan = 2lnq = 1S.00mm « ShaFt CD: Foo = Bin = (20) = ane ee 2 2S via® _ |. Too * Anke titay * 99472 Nem Ties ade ces Ta tacas rey ~ uy eB hs SB AGHAD. = Lassa v0 mi Ge 1018 KIO m = 10.18 mm dey * Wey = 20.4 mm <= Shadt EF: Fae = Bt, ea) = aete ~-2 . ESxto* . i Te “Te? Geet nora ‘ Tem . AT, C2 - QUAI 68? _ 2 cege vic yd fie | tee “Fo x0*) oe Cre = 128.8210" = 13.82 mm dee = Cup * 27-6 mm “=3.80 Three shafls and four gears are used to form a gear train which will transmit power from the motor at 4 toa machine tool at F. (Bearing for the shafts are omitted inthe sketch) The diameter of each shafts as follows: dy = 16 mm, dey = 20 mm, dge=28 mmm. Knowing thatthe frequency of the motor is 24 Hz and that the allowable shearing stress for each shaft is 75 MPa, determine the maximum power that can be ‘wansmited. PROBLEM 3.80 SOLUTION Ta = 1S MPa, = 751° Pa Shaft AB! Cy z Kdyy = 0.008m ee Ti CR, Tae? Fed te = E@.008)*(78«I0*) = 60.37 wom Fee 24H2 Ru = ATF Ly = 2m (24)(c0.319) = qloxjoow Shakt CD! Cans Zeky = 0.010 m ee Tee. Bs Tye Early = B(o.010 (75% 108) = 117. 81 wom ames! Feo * PE fre = GEGY) = 26 He Ry = 2nh. Te = 206460781) = 7.1 X1o8 W Shot EF! Cys ader = O.014 m Ten = E Gp Ten = E (0.014) (a5wl0*) = 328.27 Nem vo Fae . Fee fi, = GEC) = 3.84 He Py = 2a fer Te = 20 (384)(323.27) = 7, 80 xloS Ww Maximum olPovahde povew is the smadber Pav = IW = NRW -PROBLEM 3.81 cad Ueetsnalonabe desing ars of9800 po dtemie te oucd ‘peed ofa 4, (8) Soe part assuming that he dancers of sas AB and CD are respectively 0.75 in, and 0.625 in. SOLUTION Y= 9500 psi, P= Bhp = (BXc600)= 19800 Mb-inds . a3 Fe vee = 2 Tice Alowable torques Zin. diameter shaPt eng in, Ta? EGE) (as00) = 455.4 db-in $ in diameter shaFt ct din, Tees F(R) (4500) © 786.9 Abin Statics! gy Tt CR-F | Tee RCR-R) a Te* Ek = 48ST + cast e Ye (2) Abfowahte torques Tue = 455.4 Mein» Tega = 786.9 Mbein Assume Tz = 786.9 fb-in, Ten Ve = (0.25)(786.9) = 196.73 Jb.in . < 455.4 bb in Goksy) ie + ecieecce uate SO0 ts Pe anFT te "aT ” Trlie.73) = 16-02 He i (o) Allowabtbe torques Tayatt ® 786.9 tb in, Tout = 455.4 thei, Assume T, = 455.4 db-in Then Ty = (o.25)(4S8.4) = 113.85 Ab. in < 786-9 Be in : ~-P__ _It800 Pe anFT fe aE = Haasy = 277 He «oe ‘MAD A steel shat must trast 150 KW a a speed of 60 sp. Koowing tht G : =77 Pa, design a sold shaf so thatthe maxima tres wll exceed $0 MPa end the angle of twist in 25-m length wil not exceed 3 SOLUTION 2 P= Soxlo* W tf: Secu 150 xo? = RUST B978¢ lot Nem a for stress Aimit t= SO MPa = Soxlo* Pa 7 ie 2 cbs ST .QG7789 x 108) . -25 2 fs a (sor io} = 50.61 410% C= 37.00 Kl0* m Design for angle of twist fiwt gt 8° = S236*107 vod C= BS.40% 107m Use Daryer value Cz S200x10'm> 32Omm 5 A= 2+ 74.0 mn al PROBLEM 3.83 3.83 A steel shaft of 1.5-m length and 48mm diameter i to be used to transmit 36 KW between a motor and a machine tool, Knowing that G =77 GPa, determine the lowest speed of rotation ofthe shaft at which the maximum stress will not exceed 60 SOLUTION ‘MPa and the angle of twist will not exceed 2.5°, P= 3cr0* w, crdd = O.024m, Le bkSm, G*77«I0P Tongue based on masimum stress T= GOMPA = COxlos Pa eeIs- T= EE. Bete = Floor (comic) = 1.20288 x10" Nem ve based on . te p= 25° = 43.033 x1c'* rad es I: “Ts : Egtee, To. ony po" fos e8tefe) ie MLSs) = 1.16730 x07 Nem, Smaller torque governs T= 1.16730 210" Nom _ “i 36 «10% eee fash Tilileisorjesy 7 BA He on SEES a eee ea Dales ceded Vises (2 )CS. 9984 xi as ee ey P* GF eet ST req * TT moN\Sadeniory S7703.84 A 1.5-in-diametor sel shat of length 4 £ will be used to transmit 60 hp ‘betwen a motor and a pur. Knowing that G= 11.2% 10° psi, determine the lowest speed of rotation at which the shearing stress will not exceed 8500 psi and the angle of twist will not exceed 2°. PROBLEM 3.84 SOLUTION 2d 50.75 in) Le 4Pt = 4B in Torque based on cesta Shearing stress Aimit T= 8500 psi ve +: = = T= Bete = F(0.25)*(9500) = 5.683 #10* Ab-in Torque oe on tuist ee Kast gr 2° = 34.407 «IC? rad : a - me Ge ge ame ee fe aati Ab-in TSAI 2x 108 (34.409 * @)ya) Smaller torque governs T = 4,048 x10" fh. in P= 2nkT — whee Pe 60 hp = (co)G600) = 376» 10" Min /s e 316 x10* shes ere ee sn . 4 npm ~ aT = Tatras Tey = IST He = 184 ow ee “2.85 A 1.6-nvlong tubular haf oF 42-mm outer diameter d having the cross section shownisto be made of astel for which t= 75 MPa and G = 77 GPa. Knowing that the angle of twist of the shaft must not exceed 4° when the shat is subjected to a torque of 900 Nm, determine the largest inner diameter d which can be specified in 7 the design ys Nam dz SOLUTION = ¥d,= 0.0% mm LELem uS Based on stress Jind 2275 MPa s 7IS*/O% Pa Eee eee - Te _ (qoo)lo.o2' ds, 9 ae ereemtaee et ee Based on angle of twist fimit P= He = 64.818 xtS* vad ie oa . = 001.6) . 94 Pe T= FS eer ycergams) 7 26788 010m Langer a for J governs T= 267.85 «107m? TECK o,") ‘ -* af =o" - 2F 2 0.021". Bae7-serio") 2 2 29,998 10 m* Cy = IRMH IS? = IR mn a,= 20, 5 24.4 mm =e3.86 A.1.G-nvlong tubular steel shafl (G= 77 GPa) of 42-mm outer diameter d, and 30-mm inner diameter dis to transmit 120 kW between a turbine and a generator. ‘Knowing thatthe allowable shearing stress is 65 MPa and that the angle of twist must tae ‘not exceed 3°, determine the minimum frequency at which the shaft may rotate. \I SOLUTION a= ta /t Cr = £4, = 0.02im, C, zt, = 0.015 m a T= E(t") = Flo. oat" 0.010") = 225.97 «10° m* Based on stress Pimct Cr 6S MPa = 65x10 Pa = 22S.APMT NES 10%) z (O,Onsrtaeaaiaee Based on angle Pf twist Piwit p= 3° = 52.36 ¥10" md ge Bk 2 p= SIP. (770K m0s.97 410) (52-3620) Bes Te 228.77 410") (S236 10%) PROBLEM 3.86 -Ta . 7. St i to aa Perea G = E99.43 Nem Le = $67.40 Nem Smaller torque governs T = 56%40 Nem Pe RokW= 120x107 W Peak Reger GE t 33.54 He ~ = 2012 rem =nO ca Sele oer tet [ecole (am 3.87 The stepped shaft shown rotates at 450 rpm. Knowing that r = 10 mm, ean determine the maximum power that canbe transmitted without exceeding an allowable coe Fz 100 mm, D=I2O me P= 1mm Be meet, $e eon, From Fig. 3-32 Kr 1.38 For smaller shaPt c= tel = 0,060 m xe Ke - 2K7 3. a Ts % EL Tlo.oso(aswtos) _ 6.643 wo? Nem @C-33y P= 450 rpm = 72.5 Hz Power Ps anfT = 2n(z.sXe.cvsxio*) = gigxjo?W = 23 kW et 3.88. The stepped shaft shown rotates at 450 rpm. Knowing that r = 4mm, P_, Btrio% eae Tonk * ar Cae) |. 8007 10% Ab- in 2KT = KIS - 247 T (0,625 )*(8000) f haaqanl= TOU. 8007 mat) = | 88 setae BAe ez ai From Fig 3.82 He 0.18 (O.080)(1.25in) = 0.225 in. -= 3.90 The stepped shaft shown must transmit 60 hp. Knowing that the allowable shearing strese in the shafts 6000 psi and thatthe radius of the fillet is r= 0. 25 in, TH plastic region with efastic core. The maximum sheaving stress is Tray ® Tr = [45 MPa = THT fe) Rvs Oe 4 - BSH. 6 esto & = 0.8680 pr? 0.9680C = (0, 3620)(0.027) = 0.02344 1m = 23.4 mm J plastic region with ebastic core. The maximum Shearing stress is Tmy= TG = 21 ksi —_ TS i-) fi: 4- = 4-2, 0.11957 Be = 0.49265 7 : Pre 0.492650 = (O4926SM C95) = 0.364 th, —_3.96 A 30-mm-diameter solid rod is made of an elastoplastic material with = 3.5 Sees MPa. Knowing thatthe elastic core of the rod is 25 mm in diameter, determine the ‘magnitude ofthe torque applied to the rod. SOLUTION Ty = 35x10 Pa c=? 0.05 m Pe? BA = 0.0125 m Tre BeS 2 Be'x, = Eloi) (a.snio8) = 12.555 Nem ee 2204S . 9.33833 © redr(i-g&)- $02.sss)] 1 $0 ass) ] > 2n2 em =e PROBLEM 3.97 3.97 Itis observed that a straightened stel paperclip can be twisted through several revolutions bythe application ofa torque of approximately 0.8 Ibvin, Knowing thatthe diameter ofthe wire used to form the paperclip is 0.04 in, determine the approximate be ‘value of the yield stress of the steel, 3.98. The soli cicculer shaft shown is made of a steel which is assumed to be ce OY lastoplastic with F;~21 ksi, Determine the magnitude 7 ofthe appied torque when ‘the plastic zone is (a) 0.6 in, deep (6) 1 in. deep. t ens ‘ SOLUTION )y CzLAS in Te = Al ksi The mes = Ese, + Eiashat) = 64.427 kip-in G+ BE > ose T= ER- FH )> Heaga7i[i-} (o-sz08] = 92.9 kein (a) by O.6in, py = O-by = b2S-0.60 = 0.65 im, Is Tae = 0.R00 Ly, 0.2 f° Le W) tye LOin, pyr erby = haS-hO = O.2Sin 2-4 B) = $ (enna [1-4 (0.200) ] 5 85.7 kip-in = oo1 3.98 The solid circular shaft shown is made of ich is assumed feo he sol is made of a stec! which is % sepa wih 521. Deter pn Toe appediongc ting the plac zona (a) 0. in dcep (6) Vin. deep, ‘or the shaft and loading of Prob. 3.98, determine le of twist ina 4-1 a the angle oft 48 on 1sim 1 SOLUTION C= 125 in, Ue RI ksi = 2IH10' pe, Ge Il. 210% px Le Aft +48 iw ve PP yt Se Gye Le = be OBI) oe owl od C t CG CASK) &- a 2 PE @) br 06m Pye e-tye 128-067 0.65 fs ME. osao Q? a : eel + 138.06 15% red = 7.93% «= (bh) ty= 1-0 in C- bt has - Loe 0.25 o-& = Bggni” 360 riotred = 20.6° = 3.100 A torque'T is applied tothe 20-mm- Ges BRE « 0.64037 THE (1-$$)- deni decers)*] = 223 vem ae W oe & = 0.64737 Pr = 0.69737 ¢ = (0.64737) (0.00) Pr 6.4737 *10?m * 6.4737 mm y= 2Pe= 1295 mm x3.101 A 18-mm-diameter solid circular shat is made of a material which is assumed eed {be elatoplasic with G=77 GPa and #,= 145 MPa. For a 1.2-mlength, determine the maximum shearing stress and the angle of twist caused by a 200 N-m torque. SOLUTION Tee WS KIO Pa, Cehl =0.00tm, L= Lem, T+ a00 Nem Te oe = Betz, = B(o. 009 Uisnot) = 166.04 Nem T>Ty plastic region with elastic core Tmo = Ty = IHS MPa, at Gr = RE 2 BEL . CX 1c6.04¢1.29 GT Tee * F(0.007 C7107) T+ $T(1- $Z:) (y= 4- = RENO HI? wd. 2c - Qe). - e801 & = 0.12887 ot ego eas) 0.12837 0.72, = B47 IO peel = 19.75° =< PROSE Sant 5.102 A solid cecal rod is made ofa material whichis assumed tobe elasophsic. ‘Denoting by fyand @ respectively, the torque and angle of twist at the onset of yield, SOLUTION ‘determine the angle of twist if the torque is increased to (a) T = 1.17}, (6) T= 125%, @T=13T,. Ts $R1-4B) ks eral oF wm $= 10 * UGTaR) = 1126 Ge lieedy =e (b) Eeuas 27s = 1587 Pray «a © te10 g-7 : se Pras a [4-00.87moo 2.403 A 0.75 in-dameter slid circular suf is made ofa material whichis assumed ieee to te elastoplaste with G = {1.2 10" pai ands, = 21 ks For a5 length of the sha, determine the maximum shearing stress andthe angle of twist caused by a2- SOLUTION Kipin, torque, Ce gd = 0.39 in, Ge M2 H1Of psi, T= 2) isi = 21000 psi Le SFR = Goin TH2 kip-in = 210% Jb-in Ty Ss Bete ~ F(0.28¥ (alo00) = 1.7245 #10 Alen T > Ty plastic region with efastic core © Tames Tes QI ksi we 2 Oh 2 ge. Lt , GoWrsoooy | 2 Tee Che y= Bes BE = tans) 7 S20 rd TH - 4H = 5, ee qe eee Sam CRO Ve- ad V4 ~ ngexiot Pz 1-220 G = (220 Yeoonlot) = B66x/0" raw = 2/07 ="3.104 A hollow ste! shaf is 0.9 m long and has the cross section shown. The steel eres is acoumed to be elastoplastic with fy ~ 180 MPa and G = 77 GPa, Determine the ‘applied torque and the corresponding angle of twist (a) a the onset of vel, (6) when ‘the plastic 200e is 10 mm deep. 9 Whim SOLUTION ae | tay At the onset of yield, the stress distribction is the 1 y ehastic disheibution with Tne > T oF tad, = 0.085m, c,= 44, = 0.015m J = Be." -0,") = F(.085*- 0.015") = 2.2777 lovt im a oe Les Ge Tyee 2D: Sh. aarraig\i90 We). ivy xo" wm = 17) kN =e ~ (anpxto® (0-9) : “3 2 7 > + Es) 7 Soni ted = 8. =< (b) Gt 0.010 m Pre C,-t = 0.0385 - 0.010 * 0.025 m si A = at) v= 42. ae-%-# Q= Tek _ (180 x10*)(0.9) = gH ISerio%md = 492" =e Gp 77 ¥[0")CO. 025) Torque Ty corned by ebastic portion c

Gt 4d = O.l00 in, C,= 44, = 6.300 in wi ge = 2.200 KI7Y. Soni = 0.00582 Tay 2 82s fo.too Verne. sets) = 0.00194 -x% = sie let are zrErt ' T=20 ¢ pit dp = ane? § Zedz = anest where the integra? I is gives by I= Sh 2*7 dz Evatucte I using a method of numenicad integnction. LP Simpson's Robe is used, the integvation formuda, is Is & Sw2re Where w is a weighting Factor. Vsing Aza we get the valves given in the table” befow. Z| vt | aks] ate dst | we [227 bse “ss 0.00 194 3.0 0.84 Wz | 0.00291 | foo 2s0 2/3 | 0.00383} Ws SM Sé& | 0.00485} 13.0 | 9.03 1 0.00882 | I4.0 Mo [— Lw2"e Is (eu na2) = 3.96 ksi T= ames T= 20(0.800)°(3.96) = 0,671 kip-in = 671 thin 2 5 Yo s0t cL O.7aT bet 2-E eg : i i ee 3 2, a 3 orm omey | T ON ( tde = ane {2° da = are where He integra? T is given by Ie(!2%tde Evaloote I veing a method of numerical integration. IF Simpson's vole is used, Fhe integration fovmufa is r+ 4 Swete where wis a weighting Pactun. Using Az = 0.25, we get the valves 5, ‘1 Seed: given in the tabde boPow. z|7r %, MPa zz, MPa. | w w2't, 4Pa| o}|o ° } 0.45 |0.0001S| 30 1.875 as jo, | ss 13.75 0.75 |o,002%¢| 75 4204 1.0 }0,00301} 30 Bo. - Fn ee Zw2e = “ T= O2SV283,7F 10%) 99 Ey jot = 283.7510" Pa 3 . Pa. T=ame*T = an(o.oasV(aaesxtot) = 2.3Qx10 Nem = 4.32 kNem -=3.111 A SO-mmdiameter cylinder is made of «brass for which the stesestran Aingram is a sown, Koowing that the angle of twists 5° ina 725-mm length ‘eterine by approxinste meats the magnitude T ofthe torque applied to the shal ‘S112 Three points onthe nonlinear stress-strain diagram wsed in Prob 3.111 aze (0.0, (0.0015,55M4Pa, and (0.003,80MPa. By Siting the polynomial #4 + By + CY’ trough thse points the fellowing approximate relation hasbeen obtained. 22467 * 10 7-667 * 10" y soLUTION Sone ro. 3.111 ng tation (02) £4, 0.26, PROBLEM 3.112, P= Sa 87. 26K mad | Catde 0.0m, L= 0.72 m tag = EL, (0.025 Xe7, 2000) eee 0.725 let 2=%o- € € = 3,009 «10° T= an (ptedp = ane® The gives stress strain conve is eee BTEC = At Bez 4 Chez i ane ( BOA + Baz 4 CRE 2*) oz sare S _ dz + Bay 6 2d2+ Che g 2tdet wane {As $BTe +$CTY Deta: Azo, B=46.7x10" | C= 6.6710" 4Az0 , HBL = $ (46.7710 200m") = 35.1991 Bete 2 (6.67%107)(2.001016" J -12.08r10" T= an(o.ces\§ 0 + 35a x10%- 12,0810") = 2.26 *10* Nem = 226 KNPROBLEM 3.113 Undoa At pee AY po Pr Residual: At pec At pt pr 3.113 The sold circular drill od AB is made of a steel which is assumed to be lastoplastic with F;— 160 MPa and G=77 GPa. Knowing that atorque T= 5 kN-m. is applied to the rod and then removed, determine the maximum residual shearing ‘stress in the rod, SOLUTION C= 0.025 m T= Feet = Elo.025)' = 613.54 x10" mn? Ts SB. Fete, = F(o.032)'(160 wo!) = 8.927% 10% Nem Loading : T= Sx10* Nem T: $00-4&) * 7 fee gE eg BW = 4 5009 & = o.scua Pr 2 OSC : 0.014122 10"* mm = 14.125 m0 te ye where T= Sx10" kNem xf S228) 208,73 x10" Pa fd S9@.019 13) © 11S.08 x10% Pa SSSI KO Ces > Tra Trg 2 IGO*LD* ~ 203.72%/0* = ~43.72¥10° Pa 5-487 MP Trg > NOO210° = NIS.0B *1Oe = 44.92 x J0* Pa = 4 MP -_(= attest 7 o mM papaeei ail 3.114 ‘The soi cicular shat is made ofa steel which is assumed to be ‘lastoplastic with G= 11.2 » 10*psi andr, 21 Ksi. The torque Tis increased until the radius of the elastic core is 0.25 in. Determine the maximum residual shearing an, ‘stress in the shaf after the torque T has been removed. a soLution 8 C50 in. Prt 0.2 in B= BRE = bas 7 8 te T= Fes Fors © 0.49701 in" « Jk, o.t97e Gn) = 1846 Kipein At end of foading? T24%C- $B) = $03.20) 1-440" 075in = 18.383 kip ia. The stresses are Tp = O of p= Ors % = Br eas at p+ 0.25 in D, te = 2) ksi ot pe OIF in, Torque change during on foadina T= - 18.383 Kips in Stress changes during unfoeding x= TP Cefstic) Mt p=0 t's 0 At pr O.2Sin ¢ “13.388 ots) = 425 ksi Ab p= 0.75 in = += Gesesr(o7) = 27.74 ksi Residud stresses ave a by aeloling Lies Trot — LA p 0 Te = 0 At P= O.25in Gey > B- DIS = WLS Ksv = At pt0.1Sin Tey = 21 - 27.74 = ~ 6.74 esi q MI OIF ae PF -6.74‘3.115 The hollow shaft AB is made ofa steel whichis assumed to be clastoplastic with 5 = 145 MPa and G=77 GPa, The magnitude T of the torque is slowly increased until the plastic zone first reaches the inner surfice; the torque is then removed. Determine (a) the maximum residual shearing stress, (6) the permanent angle of twist of the sha. PROBLEM 3.115 SOLUTION inner radion C= 2.01 » ovter radios C= 0.080 m I= EG -6')= Flo.wse’- 0.018") = cares vm Loading? When py veaches inner surFace, then Z > Ty & ee i Tie an pwede = ant $I = Bala -c' ) = 3 (4s io )(0.030*~ 0.0127) = 6. 4285x/0% Nem =& 222 2g it. Lh ot pre, Also T2O2 2 = Peace pee = 130.77 16 ped = 7.498% Un Poadiin. Ts G.4g85710% Mem Coteste) ae =P a vy’ Gt2BS )(0.030) : piece ie sy nope mjorermatt eeu miett ee ls (S4285 100.018) “ Ape of cE oe 104.49 xlo° Pa (ADL _ ¢ 6429s G. 2s) ee aaa . lead dimeier cence) cate en Residual: — Tu? Tent ~ @' Pent Pani a) AY pq, tue 195 10% ~ 174.14 x10% = - 29.14 10° Pew = = 27.1 MPa = e At p=c Bes = INEHO® = LORYAx108 = WO. S110" Pa, = Ho.s MPa = 36.54 x10 rad (le) Dyer ® 180-7710" ~ 94.23 1 oe. ipean ens 3.116 The solid shaft shown is made ofa stcel which is assumed to be elastopiastic with 5)= 145 MPa and G=77 GPa, The torque T is increased in magnitude until the a shaft has been twisted through 6° and then removed. Determine (a) the magnitude and Bs > location ofthe maximum residual shearing stress, (b) the permanent angle of twist of the shat SOLUTION Ce O01 m Ds 6° = 1047210" vad . pyuce as : Leet Mooy TAn/ 2. 9.0027925 Nt & + PEAS = o.corsest Pr Me. 0,00/8831 _ ‘cE, 7 “Reoseee = 0.67488 T= Fet= Bootes poxgay ot mY T= SEs Fey + Floor (isnot) = 932.98 Nem At end of Soscling Taaa = $T(1- AF = $992.98 I~ 4.67089"] = h148ss x foo Nem Unkoading? ehstie Tis W148 SSx 103 Nem ii 4 Te U1. 8sSxlo" (0.016 ) _ ‘ At prc v= - 102.4640" = 178.52 x]0° Pa At ps pe t's ES fee (175. s2«10% (0.67933) = 120.3810" Pe, ft gs Tk 4 1-19 855% 1o*)(0.6) = 6. xlo* 7 GF Gro VCor wea = BS TH xIOT reel Residual: Tig = Tr ~ 0" Pe = Ta — 9" At p= Tey = IWSwlot~ 178.5axlo* = ~ 38.52x10° Pa = -335 MPa -_ At p= Ts = WAS tO" - 120.3818 = 24.621 * 108 Pa iG al = 24.e MPa = Pym = 104-7210 86.94 “10% 217.98 tt wad = 1.019% ~<3.113. The solid circular drill rod AB is made of a steel which is assumed to be PROBLEM 3.117 elasopastic wth ¢,~ 160 MPa and G=77 GPa. Knowing that w torque T= 5 EX is applied to the rod and then remeved, determine the maximum residual shearing stress inthe rod. SOLUTION 4.117 InProb 3.113, determine the permanent angle of twist of he rod. From the solvtion to PROBLEM 3.113 Croce , Ts 618.59 x10% ms, Bs o.scia , Pr =O-014123 m . it : eee % APter douding 7 GE» geht. Oh. Le Pr” eee Pras = ADEE OD = 1.4718 ned © BY.30° Doing undoading e+ = (efastic) T+ Supa tem H. ( S108 Ye) = = 10888 md = 60.64? P * amo Gis. saneF eee eee Permaneat twist angte Prom = Prat ~-P = 1NII3 ~10583 = 0.4180 red > 23.7° -_= 3.114 The solid circular shaft AB is made of a steel which is assumed to be ae clastoplastic with G= 11.2 « 10°psi and 5,21 ksi. The torque T is increased uti the radius ofthe elastic core is 0.25 in Determine the maximum residual shearing stres inthe shaft after the torque T has boen removed. eoLuTion ‘S118 In Prob 3.114, determine the permanent angle of twist ofthe shaft From the solution ts PROBLEM 3.114, @ 20.9S in, T= 0.49701 in? After Joong T= 18.383 kiprin, py 22S in = x LY. LG ve AP PAG vhere L= 24in, t\(A0) 3 ° Dat = Sa EN = 120-10 Imd = 10.31 My = Al ksi) .G =I, 2mlof pei > ML 210% psi Unhonsting T= 18.383 Kip-in +, wt e* OF Permanent angde Pvist — Poen® Phat — Q! pers = 180 w10%~ 79.26 «10% = 100,74 x10? rad = 577° wt = 7926 HW vad = 454°3.119 A torque T applic to a solid rod made ofan clastoplastic material is increased PROBLEM 3.119 ‘unl the rod becomes fll plastic and then is removed. (a) Show thatthe distribution ‘of residual stresses is as represented in the figure. (6) Determine the magnitude ofthe torque due the stresses acting on the portion ofthe rod located within acicle ofracius ey SOLUTION : te % Das it. + Cg =( act ox Untouding \ as (a) After Loading ‘i muctn-tfen _ DnPoading t's TE » FE = 2. gy at pre T Te TC es 348 Residual Tra * %- $uk - 70-#) Te fiad cc, Set To 7O aud pele @) 4 or 1- ge 2 ee He anf ptdp = an (" pm (1- sh) 4p any (ee) = anciet {sa@y-eHayt s ante fz #4 > ALEC = 0.2209 Gc" =3.116 The solid shaft show is made of a steel which is assumed to be elastoplastic with 1,= 145 MPa and G=77 GPa. The torque T is increased in magnitude until the shaft hasbeen twisted through 6* and then removed. Determine (a) the magnitude and location of the maximum residual shearing stress, (6) the permanent angle of twist of the shaft 3.120 After the solid shaft of Prob, 3.116 has been loaded and unloaded as described inthat problem, a torque T, of sense opposite tothe original torque T is applied to the shat. Assuming no change inthe value of , determine the angle of twist for ‘hich yield is initiated inthis second loading and compare it with the angle ¢ for SOLUTION ‘hich the shat started to yield in the original loading PROBLEM 3.120 From the solution te PROBLEM 3.116 9 C= 0.016m, L=O.6m T= NS wo Pa ST = 102.944 lo m* The residue? stress at p=c is Tra = 33.5 MPa For Doading in the opposite sense, He shange in stress to produce reversed yielding is Uo= Te - Ta t WS x10 = 33.5% 10% = 1 S10 Pa + ie TU, Grozny Ho NLS x108) Cee ee eee 0. 086 = 717 Nin Angle of tuist TL (yz xo? )(o6) | - G GI > Ginet Yio 107) Se = Bue «= co oOae | feea Et eee a feel eal a (ieee (eed ao 3.114 The sold circular sha AB is mde of a steel which is assumed to be lastoplastic with G= 11.2 « 10°psi and += 21 ksi. The torque Tis increased until the radius of the elastic core is 0.25 in, Determine the maximum residual shearing stress inthe shaft after the torque T has been removed. ‘3,21. After the solid shaft of Prob. 3.114 has been loaded and unloaded as described inthat problem, a torque T, of sense opposite to the original torque T is applied to the sa. Assuming no change in the value of F;, determine tho magnitude T; of the torque TY, required to initiate yield in this second loading and compare it with the SOLUTION ‘magnitude 7; ofthe torque T which caused the shaft to yield in the original losing, PROBLEM 3.121 From the sofution to PROBLEM 3.4 9 c= O.7Sim, Le 24 in Ds 2alksi, T= 0.49701 int The residuad stress at p=c is Tas * 6.74 ksi For Doading in the opposite sense, tle change in stress ts proclvce veversed yiekding is Ue Ty Tay RI 6.74 © 14.26 ksi ye BS a Te TH, (oho OW26) ate yip.in A = L& O.4F7ON(2N = pete A Ts Tee foumrentany = 18,92 kip- in, ~£3.12 Knowing that the magnitude ofthe torque Tis 180 vin, determine for each none ae of the aluminum bars shown the maximum shearing stress and the angle of twist at end B. Use G=3.9 «10 psi SOLUTION T= 1900 bein, L=36in @) QrlBia, brO6in 221823 From Table 81 €,=0,267 , C,> 0.268 pee eeeele 1800 mee ® Tab ~ O27. 9NO6)* = JO.4ox1O* psi = 10.40 Ksi < Laie = 162.5¥/5% red 2 2.3/9 et ¢ aang? * ©ACSXI.B0.6 FCS. WIEN) (by = 1.0 in; bz 10 in, Be 1.00 0.208 , Cy = 0.1406 Coie tinea 1800 a Bog = La os Umer Gabe® @Revoer = 8-65 pH 8.65 kes = ghbre +7 Hes = 118.210 ped = 6,77? F Batre * TowoeKrorciorcaanee) (84%! oePROBLEM 3.123 3.123 Using %2 10 ksi, determine foreach ofthe aluminum bars shown the largest toraye T which my be apie and the comesponing angle oft, Use = 39 x 10° psi SOLUTION Von = 10 kei, G 28.4 0i0* psi = 3.910% ksi (2) &= 1B in, br 0.6in, 4-28 28 From Table 81 C,5 0.267, €,7 0.263 BE a Von = CG Te 6b Tuy, T= (0.267\(1-8)(0.6) (10) = 1.730 kip-in Th __ ._U.730 )(se) is “4 PARE * (ora. 8XocPOaniory = '96.2*10 red = B.4a5° « (oe) ein, behOin $F 1.00 ¢,= 0.208, C= 0.1406 T Cab ty = 0.208 )1-OM. oY (lo) = 2.08 kip-in = Hae tee 2.08 (36) it 3 9 CORe* Time Wroynoplaawiaty = 196-6 10 vad = 7.82° =‘3.124 Knowing that 7= 800 N-m, determine foreach ofthe cold-rolled yellow brass PROBLEM 3.124 ‘bars shown the maximum shearing stress and the angle of twist at end B. Use G ~ 39 Come = Q GPa SOLUTION T = 800 N-m L= AdOmm = 0.400 m G = 34xJ0" Pa (a) at SOmm 2 0.050m, b SOmm = 0.080 m = £=100 From Table 8.1, C, = 0.208, C,7 0.1406 TH. 800 He ioe CHEE = Trem aseye ~ SOE HO Ra + Sok MPA eres (B00Ko.400) s vot Gar = Orwoe\oos\(oosPlsqna®) =~ 733710 ved = 0.5357 = ) ar Fo mm 0.010m , br 85m = 008m, Seo Cy 0.246, Cpe 0.224 ae HEHE Boo om < = 379M = etic abril ome Nom Xoone oe eee tae ogee (820) (0.400) . a F * Zaks * ma ilocroroossiGamey © MO wed = 0.684° =PROBLEM 3.125 3.125 Using 5, = 50 MPa, determine for each of the cold-rolled yellow brass bars @) shown the largest torque T which mey be applied and the corresponding angle of twist. Use G=39 GPa, soLution Tu > SOx10* Fa, L= YoOmm = 0.400 m G > 89x10" Pa @) asSOmm = C.ofom » be SOmm = 0.050 m| $= 100 From Table 3.1 ¢,5 0.208 > C27 0.1406 —_. cak* | ae ie Te Gab’. + (0.208% 0.080)(0,050) (Soxlo®) = 1300 N-m = 1.800 KNem =e Th: 300) (0.400) a g Gab® & ~ Gite W(0.050)(0.056; (aso) = IS.17 «107° pad = 0.869° =< (bo) AF 70mm + O.07m, br BSmu20,08om, B= 72 = 20 n Fron Tabhe 8.1 c= 0.296, C2 0.229 T= C,aBZ., = (0.246 1(0.07%6 (0.085 )'(S0 vot) = 1055 Nem = OSS kNewm ett z eT, oss Yate) ig aya 0 P Gabe * Waayoow loos Gr xiory = [S IO™ vat = 0.902% - oa3.126 A2-Liptin. torque T is applied to each ofthe ste! bars shown. Knowing that ‘ig~ ksi, determine the required dimension b for each bar. PROBLEM 3.126 SOLUTION 26, 2210, From Tble B) ¢,= 0.208 (b) square? a= 6, oe eee eee eee Tone SEE F ai s Baen opaye) 7 SOS in be bi7oin =< © rectangle: a=2b, B= 20, a= 0.246 2 3 BT F 0-68 in 26° AYO.2%6 NC} 0.378 in 3127 A300Nm torque Tfapplied io exchof the alum brs shown, Knowing PROBLEM 3.127 that f,,= 60 MPa, determine the required dimension 6 for cach bar. SOLUTION T= 300N-m The? COxI0* Pa, (0) civ: c= db te, at, WT v Tbe Uo RE Mela “assert b= 29.4 15% m = 274 mm et a 10. From Tabse 3.1 C= 0. 208 b= ~ 300 a ~e os EES tae eoriee = 24-04 uI0"* mo be 28.9 x10 %m = 28.9 mm et Pr20, = 0.286 : Ir geo - 53 Began = woke (O-1e™tO bb =2).7%107% m = 21-7 mn at ca 1eagntea si 3.128 The torque T causes. rotation of 2° at end B ofthe stainless steel bar shown, Be z 2hs From Table 3.1 6,2 0.23) C20. 1958 Tana = QeNEEENO.O20V77 10° 34.907 v10" ) an Knowing that @= 77 GPa, determine the maxiour shearing stress in the bat. SOLUTION = 30 mm = 0.030 m | b = 20mm = 0. 020m P= 2° = 34.907 10 pad Te ak? ce pe ate es Te Gqabep _— _obGPl Towa” BOE * Gabe =o = 60, = (0-281)(0.7S0) Cea donee sq¥are section ae = 60.3 MPa =< —| 3129 Two shifts re made of the same material. The cross section of sa Aisa 7 peerete saver of side band that of sia Bis acc of ameter, Knowing that the chats | i are subjected tothe same torque, determine the rai of tc maximum shearing steses | i = i occuring inthe shafts. i C) A. square $=1, 620.208 (Table 8.1) eer A 5 * oeoa bs ; : ogi lets il a eat e=gb ei = Ts ‘ A ! \ Ratio 7 mee 130057 = 0.944 = n j 4.130 Determine the largest llownble square cross section ofa see sha of] RORLEN.30 4iftemsiman ang ates tment 00 Ma whet sat Seed A a through one complete evolution, Use G~77 GPa ” P = Rody L= 4m, tie? loo x08 Pa G77 *10" Te GRE ie Shh ace $ O, = O.20B and c,= 0.1406 fron Table 3! o> the - Th - GabeG ~ GbtG (©.208)(J00 x10* (4.0) 08 O77 K1O* Cam) = 12d m = LARS mm meShafts 4 and B sre made of the same material and have the same cross PROBLEM 3.131 sectional area, but A has a circular cross section and B has a square cross section. Determine the ratio ofthe maximum torques 7, and T, which may be safely applied to A and B, respectively. SOLUTION Let c= radius f cincular section A and b= side oF square section B. For equad areas WC™= or Cink: y+ Eee BE. T= Ft Square: C,= 0,208 from Table 3.1 -. Th. Fer rs Retior k= FOte 2 E-Rate! YG Te tb? COs Fete te Fon the same stresses Tae ¢ tama ee 3.132 Shafls 4 and B are made of the same material and have the same length and «ross sectional area, but has a circular cross section and B has a square cross section. Determine the ratio of the maximum values ifthe angles and q through which shafts A and B, respectively, may be twisted. SOLUTION PROBLEM 3.132 Let c =nadius of errevlar section A and b= side of spvare section B. For equal aveas Tots bs » 2 i = tee = b%e Cine? Yue Bes SM Qe bt Sqvaret VabSe S31 €,= 0.208, C2 = 0,106 iP : 2 Te Gate "ares * TS ona Tel. oacs Parl | a7 Lb Ge? cave = amoene ~ be bo & . LM be i bh Xs Ret GEG TATTLE, = OS EE 210.626 TE 7 For equal stresses %= Ta fe. och 21193 =e coa (ros oa c eae cto ace 1 333A 1.25-m-long steel angle has an L 127% 76x 6.4 eross seetion. From Appendix C we find tha the thickness ofthe section is 6.4 mm and that its reais 1252 mm? Knowing that ry =60 MPa, G = 77 GPa, and ignoring the effect of stress ‘concentrations, determine (a) the largest torque T whic: may be applied, (6) the PROBLEM 3.133 corresponding angle of ts. SOLUTION 15 A = 1252 mm b= 6.4 mm = 0.0064 m xX a= fe BR = 195.6 mm = 0.1956 m a, MSE Br Gr = 30.96 Q+c.2 4(1- 0.6808) = 0.3265 eeadneenaareedee 2 Tome ® EGE? * T = 6,0b* See (@) T 20.3265 (0.1956 .0.0064)*(6oxio®) = 156.95 410° Nm = 1S7.0 KNem =e See Peete Ot bo emeet ttt Gy Come eet Eee ©) P* aaBe* talkG =“ Gbe ~ be ~ GowtotV.25) _ 3. a = DG eI TOT) 7 SRITO eed = BTR 4.134 4.3000 Ibin. torque is applied to a 6--long steel angle witha L.4% 4 « } PROBLEM 3.134 eee Pere ' cross section. From Appendix C we id thatthe thickness ofthe sections in, and ‘that its area is 2.86 in” . Knowing that G= 11.2 x 10* psi, determine (a) the maximum waxand shearing sre along line a, (0) the angle of twist, SOLUTION 5 Ac 2steint, b= f= 05m, anh BE = 7.607 in a E> Bw = wo. c= C,24(/- 0.630 £) = 0.3230 eames 3000 : : : ©) Ga SADE = GiaoneiT oars y= 866 x0 psi > B66 ksi ae (300072) = B.S KIO nad = B51" = 6) P = Gase * (Osa Wr EINO.AEVUIAKIO™) Note: L= GPR * 72 inPRoniesiae 3135 An 8-fctong steel member with a W 8 x 31 cross section is subjected 10 a 5 "epin torque. From AppenixC we find that the thickness of the sections 2 in, and SOLUTION Wa x31 Flange? = 7.995 in, (1- 0.6808)» 9.3218 T. = GobtS% 2 Kw SP yh Kp = (0.8219)07.995o.4asy = Web? a= Ro-@o¥ss) © 213 i C= 0,2 $Ci-acsod)}> 0,92 that its area is 2.86 in?. Knowing that G = 11.2 « 10* psi, determine (a) the ‘maximum shearing stres along line d-a, (8) the maximaum shearing stress along line 4, (eth ange of twist. (Him: Consider the web an flanges separately and obtain 4 relation between the torques exerted on the web and a flange, respectively by xprescing that the resuing anges of tit are equal) beams, 2288 + v0 Tet = ek > Saws ere Ke = Gab? O.2188 in® mw, b*0.285in, Ee Ae = asoz 49 Ou > athe, To Gab SB = KEP hee = Gab z Ky = (0.3249)(7.13 (0.2858 = For matehing twist anges 0.0563 in® Pe = Pu = @ Tata? torque T# 2p + Ty & (Kes Ky GQ. _T = Ket =e tea Ry > Te Ret ku ? Tw 2k Ko Ty MBBS 000) L370) Mains Ty = (0-256 SOOO) 567 Jin “QYO.2138)+0.0563 * QO.2138)+0.0563 Tei aa al - eH : (2) ee cake = oamcrexotsye 7 ASP pT HST eo ee i ass 7 = . ©) cats" wamyneyemen 7 Mor + eT ber oe GOT gah hhee Le oh + 96: © Taek ” Pear whe ie @: (s0v0)( 967 (1.2 «108 V[@NO.2138 )+0.563} 5 88.6x10% md = $.08° = 7 a3.136 A 3-m-long steel member has an W 250 x SB cross section. Knowing that G PROBLEM 3.136 = 77 GPa and thatthe allowable shearing stress is 35 MPa, determine (a) the largest torque T which may be applied, (b) the corresponding angle of twist. Refer to Appendix C for the dimensions ofthe eross section and neglect the effect of stress ‘concentrations. (See hint of Prob, 3.135,) SOLUTION, Flange? Q2 203 mm, br IB.Smm, B= 15.04% Tiange Bf 2b C= C2 = $(1-0.6308)- 0.3194 Sneed pee e 260 Ge aft + Tes cabs k, &@ Kp 2 (0.3194X(0,208(0,0135)° = 159.53xi0"7 m* Web: O = 262 -QWIS5)= 225 mm, bs B mm D2 28.13, = cr =4$(1-0.082) = 0.259 smh. 7 3 GO. ge Ou? aatsg 7 Tes abs SP = KS Ky = (0.3254\(0.2251(0.008)*= 37.54 01077 m* For matching twist angles Qr= Pu= QD Total torque? T= 2Tp4+Tw = (2Kp ky) SE ie iia Tea oN yey G2 ae > Tr "hae 7 TOAST plese Tw = Az Los Blesle Ty Ablow che vibse for T based on aDbovabte vabse Fae Te Te = cab'z’ = (0.3194 X0.2080(0.0185(asxiot) = 413.6 Nem = (20(1S4.68) + (37.54) = i T 1B SEN (413.6) = 924.5 Nem Alfownble value For T base on aMowabte valve for Tw Tw = cab’ = (0.3259)(0.225 )(0,008)'Casw/o") = 164.25 Nem = (2059.53) + 37.54. Ee 7 T = Cr (164.25) = 1560 Nem Choose smadten vafue T= 25 Nem = seen ~ LRSM 3.00) Shad = 579° DRAGS * Gse.cxie 760) a dauaacieel ee eiceala =PROBLEM 3.137 3.137 and 3.138 A 750-N'm torque Tis applied to a hollow shaft having the cross section shown. Neglecting the effect of stress concentration, determine the shearing stress at points a and b, Thick nes = G mane x SOLUTION eer \ Avea bounded by center dine 7 Q = 23043)" + (ONE) = 7381 mm = 7381 xj0™* m* L = 0,006 m at bath @ and b. em 7x10" Pa = = v FEQ * Byoooe Tene) 8.47 %10" Pa = 3.47 MPa 3437 and 3.138 A750-Nm torque Tis applied to hollow shaft having the eros: PROBLEM 3.138 ‘section shown, effect of stress concentratior i n, determine the shearing ssress at points a and, Tihvcleness © 8 me. =""—] souotios i fe >| Detaid of commer Fi Et = © tensor F -_t OF Tian Bo" . r = ETETE 6B mn He b= 90-26 = 76, /44 mm - | Area bounded by center fine QstbBb - Ber- Bere wey = 2510.6 mm = 2510.6 x10* m™ L = 0.008 m eee Peete 750 i ‘ US FEa * Wledoaygsoevey) + '867*IO" Pa = 18.67 MPa =J 3 co ite 7m I PCr ERC 3.139 and 3.140 A S0-kipin, torque T is applied to.a hollow shaft having the eross PROBLEM 3.139 section shown. Neglecting the effect of stress concentration, determine the shearing eae stress at points @ and 5, SOLUTION Aree byonded by ie center o2in 35in| | = Zq.ay (eas (8) tO ae > = 18.40 in® 7 eat L238 —l At powt a 20.2 in "sha ta : i « “2EQ *@yoaniaoy oT Ks i Ys ee SO se M point b £ = 0.3 in, REG. Pose.) ~ * i 3.139 and 3.140 A S0-Kipin, torque T is applied toa hollow shaft having the cross PROBLEM 3.140 section shown, Neglecting the effect of stress concentration, determine the shearing streas at points a and — ie SOLUTION ay Area bounded by certer Dine 7 a sin Ee Ou (XAG) = AR if te ‘ 7 Te at eat At pasta be fin» 0.85 in Tv 0 Fe i‘ TEA oman ~ 786 ksi ie At poist b b= Fin 7 0.895 in aes R= sh si ad BEA = (2KO.8S V2.4)_ 2B and 3.142 A hollow ember having th eros sestion shown i fomed fom ‘of 2-mm thickness. Knowing thatthe shearing stress must not exceed 3 Me 12.73 MPa &) T= (Qnqtec) = arate = 2m (0.150)"(0,008) (12.78 20°) = 5.YO x10 Nem = G.HO Nem =seo) femme) eee see [eed oneal coece Cc cS al PROBLEM 3.147 c; 3.147 A cooling tube having the cross setion as show is formed fom a sheet of Staines stel of thickness. The radi and ey are measured othe centerline ofthe sheet metal. Knowing that a torque T applied tothe tbe, determine interns of. 5 6,» and the maximum shearing stress in the tube, SOLUTION Area beunded by center tine Q= T(c*-¢,") Shearing stress TL Us aea * “aEtah es) - PROBLEM 3.148 3.148 Equal torques are applied to thin-walled tubes of the same length ., same thickness, and same radius ¢. One of the tubes has been sit lengthwise as shown. Determine (a) the ratio r/t, of the maximum shearing stresses in the tubes, (6) the z* ratio 4/4, of the angles of twist ofthe shafts. ae soLuTION eC Without sit o be. Janet q=c ih Te oop =... ALO Aven bounded by centering Q= Te* —L, amet re See fa sal -, 3th 9° cape “HeEPS Stress potio= Twist roto ¢ 3T amc tt 3TL 3 ~ - 3¢ ~[ened epee: 7 a 0 (=a 3.149 A hollow cylindrical shaft of length , mean rads cand uniform thickness "subjected to torques of magstude T- Consider, on the oe hand the values ofthe average shearing sre sq and te angle of twist obained fom the elas torsion formulas developed in Sees. 34 and 3.5 and, onthe other hand, the coneaponding Z ‘values obtained fromthe formulas developed in Se. 31 fo thin-walled hollow sha, " (@)Show thatthe relative eco introduced by using the tin-val- shaft formulas rather SA ‘than the elastic torsion formulas is the same for r,,, and ¢ and that the relative error i posive and proportional othe square ofthe ratio. () Compare the percent error corresponding to values ofthe ratio ey equal 01/02 and 0. PROBLEM 3.149 SOLUTION het, = ovter rastivs = Cyt dt and 6,2 inner tadios = C,- 45 T= Fale) = E(chs eMewee.-e,) = Eos cut + othe ot cnt + $27) 2e,) £ = arlore LE*)onk ae eact i retin TP “T™ * SESE VE g.= Je: TL TG * QE NALS Area bounded by centertine Qo TCn ores eee Te = REQ © ANCIE = Dhogas . Thiawen./t) ,_ TL Rest * WoC "Greste Raiest tee TD _. Aner 1+4ke T° Rett T a - alee sh ete _ e a eee We tee bu ce = fae - Bp 24hBS (rea eee) ee ee els esc ee eae 4.150 For the solid brass shaft shown, determine the maximum shearing stress in (a) PROBLEM 3.150 portion 48, (6) portion BC. SOLUTION Tp = 125kp-in, Tes d3kp-m AB . aes in Te 128-852 9 kipin , Coddeo.87eim Te | 2T . @xs) 2 wr ce Se eS es oe BC: T= 3.5 kip-in > Cthel 0.625 in es ee i GEER = gists Te _ re Es 3.151 Knowing that G=5.6 « 10" psi forthe solid brass shaft shown, determine the PROBLEM 3.151 angle of twist at point C. SOLUTION y= 1a5tp-i sas AB’ Ts 12S -3.5 = 4 kp in, C= ed O.2T in G = S.ex10% psi = SG W 10 ksi atc wa Sar Ee'= E(0.875)" = 0,92077 int = Tales |__ 632) = SQ% «Jo Ym Gm (Eero laqzo7) = St Ie” rad BO: T= 3S kpin, Cr gd = 0.685 in Suc = Fer = E(o.ers)' = 0.28968 in® Tale (a.5)¢24) = 626ox1o" Ge * Sr * Sa mo5 NOTE) orig eed Net angle oF dust — Pye - Dig = 10.2410 pad = 0.587° ~eal ee eeme) ee eee ’ 3.152 The stepped shaft shown rotates at 900 PROBLEM 3.152 Setermine the maximum (22 1am, (6) 20 me, pm, Knowing that ty) = 42 MPa, Power which can be transmitted if the radius r ofthe fillet is SOLUTION 400 wpm 8 Frequency poe ss He D= 160 mm, d= 80mm, T= 42 MPa = 42.10% Be, = 4d = domm = 0.040 m RB. Be. 20 (2) r= Imm, G = 2 ols Ke 1.33 2 KTe . 2KT me cu : i + EX _ To.0v0} (424io*) _ (ON Te Ege = ONY = 817K (0° Nom Ps QnfT = (amis t7SI0) + 300210 W = Z0bkW me (b) 0 = 0mm, Fs B= oW28 K = 1.20 2 TSE . (Mo,o1e"42W10%) - 5. s20vi0% We 17s oe G)G-48) ie P= anfT = (amis eszoxio*) = a32xiow - 232kKW me3.153 The long, hollow, tapered shaft 42 has a uniform thickness ¢. Denoting by G eae ‘the modulus of rigidity, shown thatthe angle of twist at end A is as no anai te From geometry teas So c= y tard = Sap fe y fa. Go YA Fal * Ceo Ge = Go = Sek Ye = jd * Cyne J ancit = an Cassa)? yt a ciesigedy eer is Ye dy Tut 7 ("Te . Tere ? J Cr IM Co-APEC Ve ye Re QYyte (, AF ar, ) Tele aise To {Cecat (ca-e)* e-GtS (yr wt WG-GPte ( Vee Le ame {2 erly eee BKC * Waee-c te LG Gel > FnCCe= Cu )feeg Ca Ti (cs 4MGE CeCe” [eam ieee eed siege Toe) A3.154 Two solid ste! shafts, each of 30-mm diameter, ate connected by the gears PROBLEM 3.154 shown. Knowing that G = 77 GPa, determine the angle through which end A rotates ‘when 8200-N-m torque T is applied at 4. SOLUTION Cabeudahion of torques CiveumPerential contuct force between gears B and D Fo: Te. Te Va Te “ Tor = FE The = FS (200) = 300 Nm Twist in shaft DE Soe = Bot = E(0,015)" = 79.822 ™10"" m* Loe = 0.5m Oe = Teebse . (5000-8) Ghee ° C710" )\asiaxio* ) = 24.497 107" vad. Rotation at D Po = Pre = 24.497 "10" pad Circumferential displacement at gear civeles S=RG = le Pe Rotohion ot B de? 7 D = B (at.427010*) = 36.795 016* vad Twist in shaft AB hye TO. + 0.2 40.440.2 = 0.9m, Tny = 7.522410" mm - Tel (2000.1) cee Ds * Gh * Gimot Wraguano?) = 278% #10 vad Rotetion at A d= Get Yao BE THSHIO? + BIO rad © GEE IS nd = 3.79" =~ O fees fel mes oe een] met ef maven EY men | |3.155 The angle of rotation of end 4 ofthe gear-and-shuf system shown must not PROBLEM 3.155 exceed 4°. Knowing that the shafts arc made ofa steel for which f4y = 65 MPa and G=77 GPa, determine the ingest torque T which. i gee largest torqui ‘canbe safely applied at end. Cabcudation of torque ratio Contact fora F Fe » = Te 's Ye Toe = Sas er es T % 60 aaa? Das torque eee ia shad, we ind the ferave 4 ont based on stress in shadt DE vs Tae BT, (QUST ee we® a te. 7 3, We a T aan ¢ t+ Floos)(6sxiot) = 227.7 Nem 122.485 x0 T Ciecumberenticl clisplacement at gear circles S= Vado» Vo%s Rotation of Bo Qe & Do = Blais 10°) > 193,722 «10° 7 Twist in shaPt AB — Lyg = 0.140.240.4402 = 0.9m Cr bee eeces) a oe Ges = XS” Tio ycaasazetoy ~ (46-182 610" T = 122.485 KIO T Rotation of A hs ys Gee = 183.728 T + 146. 9924166 T = 380.71 «lo T Rotetion Dinit 2 4° = 69.813 *107* rad. E quoting 330.71 «(0% T > 69.813*/0° =: T= Zil.] Nem Limcting torque is the smaller valve T= 211 Nem ~3.156 A sheet metal strip of width 6 in. and 0.12 in. thiekness i to be formed into a PROBLEM 3.156 tube of rectangular cross section. Knowing that fy, 4 ksi, determine the largest ‘torque that may be applied to the tube when (a) w= 1.5 in. (b) w — 1.2in, (c) w= or in, [4] sonenion perimeter pt Gin + Qw4 2h Sn) depth a= B-w Ares kouneted by certerfine C= wol= w(P-w) Ursig s Te ata: 2tw(P-wie Data b= O.12in, prGin Te 4k (a) we hs T= BXON MESA) = 216 Kiprin aoe (b) We ha T# QXO 122M) = 207 kipin = le) we lo T= @ Moir Yo Vo K4) = 1.92 kein _ The fargest aMowable torque corresponds 4o a square section, 3.187 Two solid brass rods AB and CD are brazed wo a brass sleeve EF. Determine PROBLEM 3.157 the ratio dy/d, for which the same maximum shearing stress oceurs in the rods and in the sleeve. SOLUTION Let cy=4d, and cp tde ~ Te -27 Shaft ABT a 7a 2 a eee 2 2Te Stew Er %~ Ta . Alu. : i ieee For tqusd atveses 22 + STS ee let x= & x15 ow xe rex Solve by successive cpproximetions starting with Xo = 1.0 we A= 1194, x2 fa1BF = 1.216 we W2a1e = 1.220 thys PRIMO * RV xg+ TRAV © 1.201 (converged) = Se Gr ee SS + hs hay =om) 3.158 One ofthe two hollow ste! drive shaft ofan ocean liner is 75 m long and has PROBLEM 3.158 the eross section shown. knowing that G = 77 GPa and thatthe shaft transmits 44 MW to its propeller when rotating at 144 rpm, determine (a) the maximum shearing stress inthe shat, (b) the angle of twist of the sha. 1a] SOLUTION or som Le 15m, Fr ep s BE = 2 He al Pe a4 Mw = 4a lS W Be arbt To pip + HMO. 2.a178eio% wom BPs 160mm = 0.160 m Ge ds Se, 290 mm = 0.240 m Te Elet-o) = F(o.ate’- 0.160") = 10,08 x10? m _ Tes _ (2.9'78K10'No.240) _ viot Pat a. Te yc jo-03x10% = 83.9¥10% Pa 83.9 MPa —_ ( = Tk . (24x ME) 5 3 nad = ° o) @ BY 7 Gro'Kees 07) 2BI.GxIO” red = IGS -‘3.189 The shaft 4B is made ofa material which is elastoplastic with F,~ 12.5 ksiand = 410" pi For the ling shown, determine () the rai ofthe elastic core of the shaft, (5) the angle of twist at end B. é SOLUTION Pe P Q ct O05 in PROBLEM 3.159 6h mee eZ fre Heelys ie 2 Exe = FOshU2s y= 2.454 kom T= 83 kp > Th plastic region with elastic core - -4he). pis 4-3 ia.4s4) , . Te $e ws Be 4-8. 4 OGY «9, 84307 & o.caarg pe (061818 CAS) * 0.347 im, « Le Gf» 72 in Ge 4«lo' psi = 4x 10% ksi - ke 2TL AYR. 45472) > Rb 2 2b. @G.45472) 9, Oe FS > HAS "Tes hGesy | OT Bee 2 pe Pe = OAH - o.cyqotmd = 322° me price 0.6488 3.160 Ifthe 3 kin, torque applied to the shat! of Prob, 3.159 is removed, PROBLEM 3.160 ‘determine (a) the magnitude and location of the maximum residual shearing stress in the shaf, (6) the permanent angle of twist ofthe shah. SOLUTION From the soflution of PROBLEM 3.157, at the end of Hoasing TS kiprin Ee = 0.69318, Prd = 0.54904 rad Stresses T2O ct p20, T= 12Sksi at pape , Te I2Sks at pre. Unboading T= - Skip in G = 4x)0% psi + 4¥)08 ksi at: EE = 25- 2NC3% 2-18.28 Ksi at pre AT = (0.64319) 15,28°) = 10.57 ksi of P= Pr. =~ Th . 2TL , Q)3K72) ane “9g Gr TOS * T(os)*GxI0*) 0.5500 vad, Residue? Tres = Thad + AT At p=C Tas * IRE 18.78 & ~ 2.78 bsi cl At p=Pr te = 125 - lo.sa = 19d ksi Porn = Pad *AP = 0.64904 - 0.55004 = 0.099 vad = S67" =< ceePROBLEM 3.161 3.161 The composite shaft shown is twisted by applying a torque T at end A. ‘Knowing thatthe maximum shearing stress in the stee! shells 150 MPa, determine the corresponding maximum shearing stress in the aluminum core. Use G= 77 GPa for steel and G= 27 GPa for aluminum. SOLUTION Let G,, 5, and 7%, reler be the atuminum core. and Gry Jz, and% refer to the stee? shel? Atte cuter surface on the stee? shetP 4-82 OLN. cea L CG OG: At the ovter surface of the aluminum core 280, 2h He eg as L Matching 2 For beth components ts OG. Solving For Ly a. G aa ® | = 9.086 27810" coos HO TTF = 39. 410° Pa = 37.4MPa mtPROBLEM 3.C1 3.01 Shaft AB consists of m homogeneous eylindrical elements, Which «an be solid or hollow, Its end A is fined, wile is end Bis fe, and its sub a ested tthe loading show. The length of element iis denoted by [its outer mente ‘iameter by OD, its inner diameter by ID, its mesulus of rigidity by Gy and the torque applied to its right end by T,, the magnitude T, ofthis torque being assumed tobe positive iT, is observed as counterclockwise from end B aid negative otherwise, (Note that JD, = 0 if the element i solid) (a) Write acom- puter program that can be used fo determine the maximum shearing sess in 2 cach element, the angle of twist ofeach element, and the angle of twist ofthe Blewet ene sa 2) Use this program to sole Prob. 38,338,337, 3.150, and 51. SOLUTION 1, FoR fren C1mbescn. ELenbar, EXTEN © es OE GE a0 cenaPore d= aon! 198) ure oF Peosnan UP bare Foraue T*7eTE fee Fav, © 7 (0b/2}/u, Pag = TH [Gy ANE OF TWIST OF ENTIRE SAAET, STROTINE wire G20, urpare Tween 4M eemenr C:e1 my Eke blititn OUT PAT Problem 3.9 and 33: Blement maxim stress Angle of Twist (na) (degrees) 2.0000 56.5884 2.5265 20000 36.6264 0.0887 Angle of twist for entire shaft - 3.4152 ¢ Problem 3.37 Element Maximum Stress Angle of Twist (Pa) (degrees) 1.0000 33.95: 0.9314 220000 19.648 0.7413 Angle of twist for entire shaft = 1.5726 * Problem 3.150 and 3/57 Element’ Maximm Stress Angle of Twist ‘(eat) (degrees) 1.0000 9.1266 3.5857 20000 5526 -3:0002 Angle of twist for entire shaft = 0.5955 ° ' Geya oo a PROBLEM 3.C? FRObbAM Dur pur 3.C2 The assembly shown consists of n cylindrical shafts, which ean be solid or hollow, connected by gears and supported by brackets (not shown), End A, of the first shaft is free and is subjected to a torque Ty, while end B, of the last shaft is fixed, The length of shaft A,B, is denoted by Ly its outer die ameter by OD, its inner diameter by 1D, and its modulus of rigidity by G, {Note that 1D; = 0 if the eloment is solid.) The radius of gear A is denoted by 4, and the radius of gear B, by by (a) Write a computer program that can be used to determine the maximum shearing stress in each shaft, the angle of twist, of each shaft, and the angle through which end A, rotates. (b) Use this program to solve Probs. 3.21, 3.39, 3.41, 3.42, and 3.154. SOLUTION Torave ry sur, ENTER Tye F Cer) Foe Each SHArT, ENTER te Re Ge Compe: Ji= CP 22)( on - 12!) Fhe, = 73 (28{]2)) Jz a= TA |G flier ROTATION AT END A, ComPuIg ROTATION AT THE "AY EMD GE EACH SHAFT STMT WITH GNELE > Pil AND UPDATE Fen 7 Te 1, avo mod Pu, fusie = pete (A,)/6,_, + PH, Pepblen 3.2. sft No, Wax.Stress (MPa) Twist Angle (degrees) 1.0000 68.7420 2.465 2:0000 72.5033 7707 Angle through which Al rotat 3.388 ° Problem 3.39 WO. Wax.Stress (MPa) ‘Twist Angle (degrees) 1.0000 47.7465 2.7764 2.0000 8218932 270560 Angle through which’Al rotates = 7.945 ° Problem at t No. Max.Stress (ksi) Twist Angle (degrees) 2.0000 9.0541 2.3587 2.0000 1210722 313175 Angle-through which’A1 rotates = 3.215 ° Problem ‘Shaft NO. (kai) Twist Angle (degrees) 1.0000 9.0541 1.3587 20000 6.7906 Tait Angle through which’Al rotates = 1.914 ° Tees) eet Al dpe 1.0000 37.7256 1.6843, 2.0000 56.5804 214036 Angle through which’Ai rotates = 3.790 °3.C3 Shaft AB consists of n homogeneous cylindsical elements, which Pee can be solid or hollow, Both ofits ends are fixed, and it is subjected to the loading shown, The length of clement iis denoted by L, its outer diameter by OD, its inner diameter by 1D, its modulus of rigidity by G, and the torque op- plied to its right end by T, the magnitude 7; of this torque being assumed to be postive if, is observed as counterclockwise from end B end negative oth exwise. Note that 1D, = 0 if the element is solid and also that T; = 0. Writes ‘computer program that can be used to determine the reactions at A and B, the ‘maximum shearing stress in each element, and the angle of twist of each ele. ‘ment. Use this program (a) to solve Prob. 3.56, (b)o determine the maximum shearing stess in the shaft of Example 3.05, SOLUTION WE Consipne THE RERCTION AT BAS ReDunonwr ano GELERSE THE HET AT Ly Compute Gg wizn Teqt0! Oe Pitch ELEMENT EYTER peraregie ggg (as eopure de =(P/22Y onf - 12H) UenTe Fore Ft AyD Cewmpere ren Pacn* pinione TAU; = 7 (en/a)/de PHe = The /Grde Cepnrere Sgt F7Acrmt WTA BRO any OP DADE Tawousn 7 BLEABTS @; = Sy +P; 1 @=8, wit TAU, = Ob¢]adg aor Pity = Lg V6 Foe n Sitinen UNITE (0) = UIT Ep /L) + UOT Poul SUPER Rosine Z2R TOTAL Atl OTB 7e bE BERS. G,t Blume, fm) =o Br-& Nem Exgr) WEN ge BH) +E FOR Lier ELEMENT} 4hx S7pess! Tome TAU, = TAUy +75 (om7 THU; ) Aouess on TUT! TERE Pity = Puls +7 (207 Pi) Prosper Oureor Problem 3.56 TA = -0.290 kN Seeoecrrnerrererene acne 7B = 01210 Kiem Element tau max (MPa) Angle of Twist (degrees) 2 -39.588 1.178 2 31.670 4178 Problem 3.05 A= -51.733 abese Seance TB = -38.267 Ipeee0 ( [ felted eed SS oO Coed eed eael 3.04 The homogeneous, solid cylindrical shaft AB has a length L, a di- ameter d, # modulus of rigidity G, and a yield strength ry. It is subjected toa torque T that is gradually increased from zero until the angle of twist of the shaft has reached a maximum value and then decreased back to zero. (0) ‘Write « computer program that, for each of 16 values of . equally spaced ‘over a range extending from 0 to a value 3 times as large as the angle of twist atthe onset of yield, can be used to determine the maximum value Ti ofthe torque, the radius of the elastic core, the maximum shearing stress, the per- ‘manent tvist, and the residual shearing stress both atthe surface of the shaft and atthe interface ofthe elastic core and the plastic region. (b) Use this pro- ‘gram to obiain approximate answers to Probs. 3.95, 3.113, 3.159, and 3,160. SOLUTION eae ear cs *@ GLH FR Baie a de Eee (Pe BS PROBLEM 3.C6 Lonvve! Ty? 7 : eee 4 a(t ‘ x te $A, -) | £0.) tn 4 iN y @ < a FO.(2) FL unnenping (etmsrie) é A: BE y= pnbil oF Pwis7 ele UNLeRb Ind ee - Js TAU AT ere 5 age Taw ar p=by "2 4 Foe _¢20 To b= 3dy vitnd ORFy INCREMENTS & ' é wien d dy! mq use Fol) — A, vsé E02) Resipve.t to= tin Py Far 7% lat 5H & —— Teen Ter CONTINUEDPROBLEM 3.C4 - CONTINUED Problem ‘PHIM deg 0.000 01427 0.833 11250 ilee7 21083 104769, 314294 323918, 233343, 242867 3.95 ™ kiptin. 9.900 2.783 5.567 81350 121133 131916 35.871 16.865 271423 171760 271975 aelais 18/219 18.291 e344 ie 383 3.123 TH km 0.000 0.785 Problems _3.159 and 3.160, PHIN eq 0.000 51157 201313 is!470 20.626 25.783 30.940 361096 411253 46.410 51.566 ™ kiptin. 000 ta91 982 473 963 [454 [799 974 to73 [332 270 196 ca3 [26 235 [242 Ry in 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0750 0.750 01625 01536 0.469 01417 01375 01341 0.313 01268 0.268 0250 RY 25.000 25.000 25.000 28.000 25.000 251000 20.833, 271857 35.625 13.889, 12/500 Frectzy 101417 9.615 81928 81333 (WER EOAATE BETULEN WLLL 8 VALE O” Ih eee | Tau kei, °. 4 a 22! 16: 2a 21 2 2! 2 au 2 a! au au! a -900 200 400 ‘600 800 900 9000 900 ‘000 000 ‘000 000 9000 000 000 000 aM Mea ° 32 64 96 128 160 160 160 160: 160: 160: 160; 160 160 160; 160.1 000 000 ‘000 000 000 ‘000 ‘000 ‘000 ‘000 ‘000 ‘000 ‘000 000 000 200 000 HIP deg 9.000 9:000 9000 9000 0000 9000 01124 0.392 0.725 2081 11476 aie 21273 21679 31087 aiase PHIP 0.000 000 ‘000 000 "000 ‘000 [937 960 1875 24 946 33.733 492.768 51946 61 228 70.569 79.959 ‘TAURL ad, -000 ‘000 ‘000 ‘ooo ‘000 ‘000 042 1922 [368 cua ta3e 1572 [sq 201384 anlana 311953 ‘TAURL Pa 0.000 0000 9000 0.000 9.000 01000 71942 21,502 34.805 46'562 56.667 65.307 719 79.316 94.677 89.547 Tau ei, 000 000 000 000 000 000 620 ‘680 79 1638 1427 102 ‘a1 tes 996 ‘TaUR2 ‘eed, ou 2 os: 5. °6. “6: <6) <6: “6! “6: 000 ‘ooo 000 ‘000 ‘000 Sooo ‘345 ‘449 292 300 125 343 434 602 661 741 ‘TauRa MPa. 0. 0. 0. °. 0. 9. -22 °33 -000 [900 ‘000 ‘000 ‘000 S000 469 097 =40:323 44 748. “48. -49. 750! “50. -51! 188 667 325 475 299 904 358 ‘TaUR2 kai ° 0 ° ° ° ° a 22 3 3 3 23! 33 3 23 cA -000 000 000 000 "000 ‘000 2755 1648 erry 1452 646 775 865 930 977 022 HEIR kipsin, Tye 1B hipin. Tae B hiptin, oo (exer See ras\ efi ees 4) oo) CR mc a4 02a Fa \ PROBLEM 3.C5 ‘.C5 The exact expression ie given in Prob 3.64 for the angle of twist of he sold tapered shaft AB when a torque T is applied es shown, Derive an approximate expression fr the angle of twist by replacing the tapered shaft by ‘oylindicl shafts of equal length and of rads r= (n + i ~ Ae/n), where 11,2, 4n. Using for T, 1, G, and c value of your choice, determine the ‘or in the approximate expression when (a)n~ 4,(2)n = 8 (e)n = 20,(d)n = 100, Freon Pheos. 3.5% ExnCT MMPRUTS 10? SOLUTION or = th 7 es 7 AT Gat i oe, b:( Fs = 0/esie Fer Consien zyrpcan Ct SHORT eer WM) A /y jE y =2tn)" age 2%). Ck furs unre vanes of TL,G aw e, Cire Gomcron vauts cin be enrere) Epzen ppm vague or pene ere ENTER 1 = NUMBER CYLINDRIER SHOP TS Foo i=t Tem, ureave puapreh Qv7~7 of Peostnpa CORFFICIENT of ‘TL/Go“4 Exact coefficient from Prob. 3.64 in 0,18568 8 4 a 20 100 Number of elemental disks = approximate exact. percent error 0.27959 0.18568 3.28185 019410 0.19568, 0.85322 0.18542 018568 0.13810 0.18567 0.18568 00554 Tr3.08. A tore Tis applied ns shown tothe long, hollow, mpered shaft biker tated ‘AB of uniform thickness , The exact expression forthe angle of twist of the shaft canbe obteined from the expression given in Prob 3.153, Derive an ap. . Droximate expression forthe angle of twist by epiacing the tapered shat by i : "cylindrical rings of equal length and of radius r; = (n+ 1 ~{)(e/n), where i= 1,2,...41 Using for 7, Za G,¢ and ¢ values of your choice, detennine [|] CSMesaaes emer he aoronkaae exretsion when (a)n = 4 (n= , I SOLUTION Since THE MET 1s Lome C kek y Fue Ane JS Shem ano wie can EE Os 3He DipewMesS CF THE 1 cvemnkiea RINES, fon ove Or tanOe ‘s : n ESE A pelted HB) 2 2 A & laton yg? = (2007, t) "= zare ey age ZL) ed; FLZR UM7 IMLES Ken Tb, & t, ANP & Chere! 0.6 ee = 1.405 Kip-in —_ ) T= F(o.7%- 0.5") = CO) 139..494/0" in® cz OTin e Me. me SL, Usrisedsrio?) Cu seeraace inet Ost ae = 319 Kp-in -~“46 Annylon spacing bar has the aross section shown. Knowing thatthe allowable stress forthe grade of nylon used is 24 MPa, determine the largest couple M, that can bbe plied to the ber. SOLUTION 4 T= Tne - Don ] = kbh?- Fr? i = f (loo (eo)? - Fas)" = 3.9599%106 mm” | = 8.4597 «107% mn" 5 c= BB = 40 m = 0.040 m u ie oe 2 6+ Me Me soe (3.96 1h") = 2380/0 Mim > 2.38 kN-m boas! (om a ee ( a So. mo, ( Sed eee coed eal ioOo 4 af ee eoaal (Got a feo et ieee: ieee \ 4.7 and 48 Two W 4 «13 rolled sections are welded together as shown. Knowing PROBLEM 4,7 that for the stecl alloy used o,— 36 ksi and oy = i 3.0, dine te ast coupe tt cn be aid when the atrby eat bet y SOLUTION lc + Properties of WHx18 rolled section Faust e See Appendix B ee frees 948; inh Depths 416 in Iy= 8 int For one rolled section, moment of inertia about aais a-a i+ I, = e+ Ad*= 1.8 + (3.83)(2.08)" = 27.8710" For both seehione 1+ 21, + $5.74 int ce depth = 416 in 6 = Se = £2 19.988 Av o> He = Swl _ (14.383 MSS.74) _ wv Man = SE ue 254 kip-in, ~_ “4.7 and 48 Two W4 * 13 rolled sections are welded togeter as shown. Kaowing PROBLEM 4.8 atte el lay ved of" 36k td oy Sola acnga ee fuego 5.0, determine the largest couple that canbe applied when the asscrbly ia bent shout 7 ihe ax, SOLUTION | fos Properties of WIS voDfed section 2H! a =, Set Appendix 8 Aven? 3.93 int Width = 4.060 in Ty = 3.86 in® For ove vollled section, moment of inertia about axis b-& is T+ Ad* = 3.86 4 (3.38)@.0900 = 19.643 int For both sections I= 2L, = 34.286 in® C= width = 4.060 in * S38 : = Ms Gant Se = SE = 19,338 ks: 6-4 2 GSE _ (19.333)039.286) en Maw ae a eae eaaenae 187.1 kip-in =ese) aes Geena selec (enede eel: a oo 4.9 through 4.11 Two vertical forces ae applied toa beam of he cross section shown. PROBLEM 49) Determine the maximum tensile and compressive stresses In paon BC of the bear. SOLUTION 25mm % 2 ~ +22 = ABT me ae zasy 1.7 oo an Bt BE = BBO. 0.610 wm eee ® A,® bhe (SOX 25) = 1250 mm" ae? ~b 2-B = 12.5 mm a Agi t Av (a91.710,610)4 (1250)(- 12.5) At AL a 4 + aso = = 2.834 mm ~ Agi = Ent, a= 4,- A = 10.610 - 2384) = 12.944 mm 3 (as)"— (981.700.6108 = 42.386 110" mm" I, = T,4Ad*= 42.8610" + (931.7 i299)" = 207.35 +107 mm? Ty = a bhts oh Geoyas? = 65. 1o4nict mm® ae | 4-4 = [-12.5-62.434)] = 10.166 mm Tye Tys Aydts 65.104 w jo + (igso X10.166)* = 194. 2880107 mm” LeTedy = 400.16 x10% mm? = 401.16 /07” mm” Veep = 2S # 2,834 = 27.884 mm = 0.027334 m Yet F ~ 254 2.834 = 22.066 mm =~ 0, O22CEE m ? P M-Pas Oo M= Pas (4vi0%)(300%10"% ) E a 4 a) = 1200 Nem Sy => Mywy . _ 02009(0,027334) _ -81.16 *10* Pa HOLME ©1077 7-818 MPa. ~ Sirs ~ Mot. - Gaoore 0.086) - 67.20%10" Pa = 67.8 MPa Sl oo(ele cee ee ed ac. 0) ees reed ed cc PROBLEM 4.10 io. Shrough 4.11 Two vertical ree re applied toa beam ofthe cos setin shown. Determine the maximum tensile and compressive stresses in portion BC of the beam. 3m, Bia, Sin SOLUTION i Bie at: hg 5s 4 onto a+ I, Rbh+ Ad? = mot fF ok ms bs -~@ |= JA | y% | ax Opwis 90 Ol ia} i 18 % F| 36 log y - low, d Yo = 3g = 3in Nevtval exis Pies 3 in. above the base. VCR + Cea = 126 nt I, Roh Ad = (NGL. eva = 2B in! Ie Tse Yup 7 Sin \Q6+ 78 = 20H in? yar # = Sin M- Pa zo M= Pa = (IS)40)= 600 kipin, _oors) _ Row (600)(-3) 204 ~ 1471 kee _ 8.82 ksi =<‘49 through 411 Two vertical forces are applied toa beam ofthe cross section shown, PROBLEM 4.11 ‘Determine the maximum tensile and compressive stresses in portion BIC ofthe bear, SOLUTION Aye Os a Fy | 8 = $B. ya7e in Neotrad ax's Pies 4.778 in above the base. xi [OO eg I= bhes Ayah = RBI + @VQ72a)* = 59.94 in? A178 a Ly Roh tA ase Riles (60.778) = 16S in” Ie * gh? + Aas = AGM + (game 2 73.54 in® Te +2, 4 Ig $9.944 21.63 4 73.54 > 155216 ink Yep = BARRA in yas 74.778 in i ‘ M- Por © e aol Me Pa = (25)(20) = 500 kip-in Gig 2 > Miyptr =» - ANSAED = - 0.98 ksi ~ Gig 2 - Myo 2 ~ WSvelee.778) 15. M0 ksi -_ Lt ISG‘PROBLEM 4:12 channel 0 bend in a {2:22 wo cn and ppt supe of magne of M= 15 im ere plite l-haped beam ‘that the couples cause the beam to horizontal SOLUTION AB. ‘couples plane, determine the stress (a) at point C, (6) at point D, (c) st point @ 7 ® | 3060 . se @| 24v0 So | \aoxto* z= A, rm | Xo,mn| AXo, mm ateo | so | 120107 is | 4S.teto* 4 7800 | 985.910" y . 28S.9410% ™ > 30.374 X= gee 86-874 mm a @ Yeo = 86. 874 mm * — 0.086374 m re /@| ¢ y Yo > 100- 86.374 63.626 mm = 0.63626 oe] . Ye = 90-36.374 © ~ 6.374 mm = = 0.006374 m A, Ft SO- 36.374 * 13.626 mm a, = 36.874 ~15 > 21.37% mm at ay T= T= BbhisA ds = L@rMioo)*4(aroo\is.cze)* ZAYSE £108 wm T,t ebMs AAs rr lioa)(ae)*+ (Boa) (aeare)® = 1.62784 10% mm ® Tz Ta Tys Tyr 6.5187 110% mm = 6.51874 (0 m* M = 1S xjo* Nem ta), Point Gz (b) Point D: () Point Es My US ¥to# )(- 0.036374. 7 Sur ye 6 (eo le 83.7 ¥10% Pa = 83.7 MPa - Gz- mM _ UHI )(0.062626) _ _ pyc yxiot Pa Cee taH6.4 MP =e Gro Me ao LiSx10" \fo,006374) 4.67 mlot Pa 6.5187 10 = 14.67 MPa ~-PROBLEM 4.13 I,2 I, = 1.0336 T,= bh? + Ads Tat abah? = USMY = 0.1139 x/0% mm" T+ T+T+1- ‘4.13 Koowing tat a beam of the cross section shown is bent about a horizontal axis tod thatthe bring moments # KN, deere the tof ating on th top lange. fem SOLUTION The stress distr’bution over the, entine cross sechion is given by the bending stress for muda, =- fy where y is a aug nia engin on Fr the neatral axis and I is the moment of inertia ais aT ot the entive avess sectional avea. The force on the shaded is calevdated From this stress distribution, Over an area edament dA the force is df= Sak = ~WYaa The total force on the shaded area is | Fs Sar = -(iydA = - (yd - - M9 where Y* is the centrotdal coordinate 3 ye shaded “portion and A¥ is its rea. Hs Visy + (75Xis\(a0)* = 1.0896 v/04 mm" 10% wm! 2.1/1 «108 mmo? = 2.181 «107° wo ea AY = SKIS) = 2S mm = LRTI” om ye 30 mm 2 0.080 m = MYA _ _ (gxi0*)(0.080V1125 10% rt BB x /O-* = - 1238x107 No = ~ 123.8 kN ~“£14 Krowing tt nba ofthe cross sexton show is seri acs PROBLEM 4.14 ee tia a ata at Tate nog on be ne portion fhe ower fangs sam SOLUTION 18 mm The stress distribution over the entive itm cross seckion is given by the bending stress for muda, : =~ a where y is o coordinate with its ongin on [ the nedtral axis and I is the moment of inevtia a at the entive cress sectional avea. The force on the shaded is calculated From this stress distribution, Over an area eDemert dA the force is ce — are jak ~ —MYaa The otal force on the shaded area is then Fe Sar = ~(ivdd = - Hyd = - Bh y'ar where Y* is the cantrotdad coorehinate of the Shaded “hortion and A¥ is its area. T= bh? = RCSA = 0.62734x10% mt Tye bho = RGN = 0.01256 x10" mm" Taz T= 0.5273 «10% Tet dg 4 dg = 1.0672 410% mm? = 1.0672 410% m" At = (37.5 =25)US)* 450 mm > 450410" m* a we £8254 7S) + BS om > 0.0825 ce MYA. (avic* Vo.0225 450» 10°) zr 1.6672 «10° = 37.9l0*N = 32.7 KN <2 cee a ce ara) a iesead eee (cecal ee ‘3S Keowing that a beam ofthe oss scion shows PROBLEM 4.15 bending moment is 3.5 kiprin., determine the otal foree acting on the shaded portion ofthe beam. SOLUTION fo lc ar The stress distribution over the entine jam, cross section is given by the bending stress Pon muda. 08u9,08m 08ia. 6: - 4 where y is a coordinwte with its omgin on the nedtral axis and I is the moment of inevtia ot the entive cress sectional avea. The force on the shaded is cabeudated From this stress distribution, Over am area ePement dA the force is dfs G dA e -SY dA The total force on the shaded area is then Fe Gar = -CMtdh © - BC ydh 2 Myra whore Y* is the centrotdad coorelinate of the shaded ‘portion and A¥ is its oven. Te Uet+d, = fohis db +thhe = (0.8}(0.6)?+ (0.8 tay + (0.8106 = 0.21173 int ® Se tkc (eae = ieee) eye eeoed tee 1 c Geese treo eee rere a = {aaiaa a PROBLEM 4.16 y ‘oaim.a8) fon Ic gin, 08m, oat, 15 Knowing that a beam ofthe cross section shown is bent about a horizontal axis iS nog wort 33 Sra ‘determine the total foree acting on the ‘4.16 Solve Prob. 4.15, assuming tat the beam is bent about a vertical axis. te beading momeat is 6 pin. and that ‘SOLUTION ‘The stress distribution over the entine cross sechion is given by the hending stress for muda oe - where y is o coordinete with its ongin on the nedtral axis and I is the moment of inertia of the entive cvess sectional ave. The force on the shaded is cabcudated From this stress distribution, Over an area ePement dA the force is de> dk = ~MYaa The total force on the shaded area is then Fs Sde = -(Mvdd = - Bf yda = - yar where Ff is the centroidal coordinate ane shaded “portion and AY is its orea.. T= Lesh = gbhisdb hs db? = FR ONO.BY + 4 — HR(O.EKA#Y + CO.N0.8Y = 0.7253 int YA" = RA FAL = (0.2)(0.4Yo.#) +(0.6)(0.8)C-2) = 0.248 int ~ MgtAtoxsin7 1 \ogsin 4.17 Knowing that a beam of the cross ‘is nt ah a orzo ais PROBLEM 4.17 sola dee men ipa, denion Oe al bronco eed aoe 0251, SOLUTION z tc | [isin “The stress distribution over the entine cross sechion is given by the bending stress =e" For muta, w= - where y is a coordinate with its ongin on the neotral axis and I is the moment of inertia Gt the entive cress sectional area. The force on the Shaded is cadcudated From this stress distribution, Over an area eDement dA the force is d= GdA -MYaa The total force on the shaded area is then Fe far = -SifedA = - Bf ydA =» -M5t Ar whare y* is the cantroidal cooreinate of the shaded ‘portion and AP is tts area. reT-t, Ot eee = bh S bh = AGSNR0P = ACKLEY = O.71BTS in? Fats Aas WA = QIK 0-5)(0.25) + (0-5:(0-25 1.0) = 0.23438 in? . My (6\o.29438) _ . F- = eT 757 Kips — 4eee a ey bo ean Noosa Te are “417 Knowing that beam of the cross section shown is bent abou a horizontal axis ‘and that dhe bending moment is 6kipin., determine the total foree acting on the sbaded partion ofthe beam. ‘4.18 Solve Prob. 4.17, assuming thatthe beam is bent about a veil mia and that the bending moment is 6 kipin. SOLUTION asin, The stress distrbution over the entine cross seckion is given by the bending stress for muda, 7 ss - At where y is a coordinate with its omgin on the nedtral axis and I is the moment of inertia at the entive cress sectional area. The force on the shaded is calculated From this stress distribution, Over an area -eDemet dA the force is dfs Gab - -Waa The total Force on the shaded area is then Fe far = -SMedd = - Bf ydA = -hye whore J is the centroidal cooreinate cf the shaded “portion and A¥ is its oven. I-iI,-h 6 o bh? ~ bho = EASY hOsne! 1 = 0.4875 in? JPAt> Fakes er = (0.875 Xo.25 O25) + (0.625 )(0.75 (0.25) = 0.1875 in? stat _ MytAt @r(o.1375) : Fos OPS: “oasis = ST Wee oneee eee SES oman eee SOLUTION Azmm'| Foam | AYo, mm © solid rectangle | ucos | 4a | 2zssa¥ ® savare cutout |-!296 | 30 |- 3B880 = | gsiz 182304 Fy = iszger Y= Bet. S504 mn Neutral axis Ries 55.04 mm above bottom. Yn * I~ 55.04 > 40.96 mm = 0.090% m Smt = ~ 55.0% mm = ~ 0.05504 m Tye qbho a Ad b= d(aar(ae)’ + WaXac)(7.04) = 3.7673 #108 som? Ty RbAL 4 Ad > re Galles (seKscréas.o4)* = 0.9526 x10 ma? Le I,-Tle 2.8147 sto mm = 2.2187 ioe m* .|M isi=f) = m= ofS) i Top: tention side M = MAOHONGBINT HO) og a6 410% om : : Bellin? compression m= (S2storN2.817a0") - 1.67¥10> Nem Mug is the smaller vakee = M= 76781 Nin = 7.67 KN eteeecaeeeceaee) PROBLEM 420 al Jie 5-30 mm isi = [! tension side both? compression Choose the sual leases aati SOLUTION ZL: lesen ae CY O} reo @| 1080 ‘4:19 and 4.20 Kaowing that forthe extruded bearn shown the allowoble stress ia 120 Pein enn 150 MPa cmp, tere th rg ne Mn A, wm | Se, cm| Ayes mm a 53820 36 38380 =| e240 | 47200 yz ATO = fa ¥ (3140 oe The neutral axis Dies 30mm abeve the belttow. Yap = SH- BO = Bm = 0-024 m = - 0,030 m I= pbhi+Ad! = se 4oKisay? + HoKsud(a)* = S#H.32>/0% me! Tye bibs tAlte de (ao)Cse)* + GeVsNNG)" + 218, B4est oat Le Ta Ty 5 288.1 HIT mm! = 25816 IS” mn? im\+ [SFI M > (820 HO*VC7SB.16 “10 LL g.rt0ssic Nem 0,024 (igo x10t)( 758.16 #10 ) 2 - Lise ntof C7816 IO"). . M 0,030 3.7908 #19 Nem Mor as Matt Mar? 3.7908 #10" Nn = 3.77 kik at4.21 Knowing that for the extruded beam shown the allowable stress is 12 kai in PROBLEM 4.21 ‘tension and 16 ksi in compression, determine the largest couple M that can be applied. 05in. 03 Sin. “| Fize| Fret Pe SOLUTION i [ A ly | Ay sh A a one [2.25 [vas | a.gias QJ 2.25 | 0.25] 0.5625] za ym 4.50 3315 y= SB = onsin The neutral axis Dies 0.75 in. above bottom, Yop = 40° 0,75 = 1.28 in, Yat = > OTS in, T= ebb Ad = pCsvs + (nas Vos) = o.seuzs int T= Kbht+ Aidt > &lasiost + (22slos)* = 0.60azs in? Te Teds 184875 int tet-[44 m =| Top: compression mz erGsasis) = 20.4 Kipein Bottom? tension Ms AM E5978 = RSS Kp-in Choose the smaller «s May Mat = 20.4 kipe in ~4.22 The beam shown is made of a nylon for which te allowable stress 24 MPa in PROBLEM 422 tension and 30 MPa in corpresion, Determine the largest couple M ha can be appiod tothe beam are ae SOLUTION: Sd. a A d= 60mm Ayn | Yosmom | Ao: mom | | | ai00 | 45s | 108000 40 mam @| 1200 ws 18000 >» =| se00 126000 y= 126000 | Yo = Gee BS mm The nevtvad axis Dies 35 mm above the bottom. Yiep = GO-35 © RE mms O.02Fm > Yup = 35mm = -0.085 wm T= bh? + Ad? = & (20)(30) +(2400)(10)* = 420x107 mm? y= tebah? + Aydt = (HOXS0y%4 (1200)(20)" = 570.410" mm™ T= L427 99001 mm = 990% 10 mt ielz Mx) w= ISA] : Z i ee o* x10") Top? torsion side Me BUONO) 5 aso Nom ’ _ oxiw8y(are xo) _ : Botton: compression M eaeycate cio) = 849 Nem Choose smabfer valve M= 849 Nemiceeal Soe (easel fees) fen ses eeord atte) ao 4.22 The beam shown is made of a nylon for which the allowable stress 24 MPa in onman”- ES si Le.008) 5 198.8 wot pri = 98.8 ksi i a w) MeaE , owes) = 0.0483 Jb in “Z2E_A3 pin copes apllediothe tel ar shown, () Assuming at he cope PROBLEM 428 ished ae Pas howe cin ma en sabe ano pears fe be, Sab pa 3 easuming thatthe couple is applied sbout the y aris, Use B= 29 «1 SOLUTION akin Bending about z-axis Te gbh= Q(oMMsy = 0.25318 in” esth = Qe 5) = 0.75 in Ge ae Baio Mors: = 8.87710" pet 3 = 8.89 Kot = hy eulsaes See EEEe ti! P* EL * Gamoryomsay 7 UOT" pr RMS in = 204 FF -_ (bY Bending about y-axis Able =k (i509! = 0.09025 int ce a = $(0.9) = O45 in 6 = Me = ooh ods). iysraid pes = Mal ks bet so = 1135 10° ink! P * EL ~ (aaW10* (0.090145) P= BBlin = 73.4 Fh 7cal ol ‘ar ca 429.4 ‘ ws fmainde Mi opto ta are ar of sie a. Par xh of he PROBLEM 4.29 orientations = wn, determine the maximum stress and the curvature of the sig SOLUTION @ T= bh = gad = For one triangle the moment inertia about its base is Ts gbh*s aUia ley = 2 oF sk aS 7 a j= ierase eee oe am oat #94 seed ea [eral fieeeed ea eae: 4.30 4 24 kN-m couple is applied to the W200 x 46.1 rolled-steel beam shown. (a) PROBLEM 4.30 -ASnangthat tone apie aot esas tows sete ny res andthe radus of carvatur oft beam. (2) Solve prt essing he couple ‘Sapplied aba they ani Use B= 200 GPa SOLUTION For Ww 200%46.1 volled steel sect: Te = 45.5 «10% mm* = 48.5 «10% mm" Sx 448 + J0* mm = 44B #107 m® T= 1S.3xlot mm" = 15.3410" m* sy = IS) 10% mS = 1ST xIOe mS (a) Mz= 24 Wem = 246/07 Wem cies 6 Bs CAMO 2 53.6010 Pa = 58.6 MR. = ava x 102 eee PF * ET “Qooxouseriot) ~ *687IO* mw P= 374 m -_ WY My = 24 km = 2410 Nom 6: x (ae = 158.9 (08 Pa = 158.9 MPa. = eM. 2gyiot 2 elon? yet! FED” GooxoMisauioy * 784 PF IRS om =ete Eel Goat ooo 1 aaa receaeee Cees ease : 431 (a) Using an allowable stress of 120 MPa, determine the largest couple M that PROBLEM 431 canbe applied to a beam ofthe sss ston shown. (2) Solve part assuring tha! he ‘crass section of the beam is an 80-mm square. tomm SOLUTION aa wom) «Dz T, 44, where L, is the moment of jnevtia of an BO-mm squave ancl I, is He 10mm moment of inertia of one of the 4 emt cess ears. Ty = Ebb = (Go = 3.4133 x 10% mae" Te Gbhe a Ad? = iS r(10)® + WHYS) = 101.667*/0% mnt T= D4 4I, = 3.82105 mm! = 382x105 m", 6 = 50 mm= O.050m Ee i. zn *}(3.82 x10") 6: Ms as gi Hononssariom ican o it 6. oa 4.17 KN-m « QQ) Withodt the ears D> Z,= 3.41334 10% mo) C= 40mm = 0,040 m 7 > mis SE - (tetot}e.tissrtor") 2 = 10.24 e108 ahem » 10.24 kim atPROBLEM 4.32 aces) g 432 A portion of a square ber is removed by milling, so thet it erose section is as shown. The bar is then bent about its horizontal diagonal by a couple M. Considering the case where h = 0,9iy express the maximum stress in the bar inthe form o, = kay « where os the maximum stress that would have occurred ifthe original square bar had ‘been bent by the same couple M, and determine the value of soLution I= 42+ 23, > (4YGEVW P+ VK 2h, - ah )Ch?? sable Shh - shh? = hb -h* ezh -~ Me _ Mh M oar eee Misia BhhW" ~ h-3hy he For the original square zh, e= he Seibel So ° (ihy-3hyh™ G= 0.950 & eee ee cececse Cthe~BYO.Mh OTS) 3M hen ig C. ene 3 hy = 0.950 k = 0.150 <1 3 (4.32 A portion of a square bar is removed by milling, so that its cross section is as PROBLEM 4,33 shown. The bar is then bent about its horizontal diagonal by a couple M. Con the case where b= 0.9hy express the maximum stress inthe bar the forma, = kok TAX T __ pits epitomises that would have occured ithe ergied sec hes n h 3}, been bent by the same couple M, and determine the value of & u —f 433 In Prob. 4.32, determine (a) the value ofA for which the maximum stress ois as small as possible. (b) the corresponding value ofk n A } by ‘| { soLvTion T= 41, + 22, cl =(4XE) hb? 42 )($)(2ho-Zh ) Ri oh a ght- Shh gh® = gh hr bY . "NO ie crh Z= th- he at E is'maximom at Al th -h?] = 0 Shh-3h*=0 h-&h, ~ - = 256), 8 v2 Me, 729M # Shalghy -(2. = eq he “Pea be For the originad square h=ho es ho Bath? = Me . 3M Costin &- Beg * BL. 0.94 k 0.949 we4.34 A couple M will be applied toa beam of rectangular cross section which isto be PROBLEM 4.34 sawed from a log ofeicular cross section. Determine the ratio 4’, for which (a) the maximum stress 0, will be as small as possible, (6) the radius of curvature ofthe beam. ‘vil be maximum, SOLUTION Let D be the diameter of the Dog pts b+ d* ats pt-b = hbd® =td Es tbat ©) Gy is minimum when ZB is mavimon b(pB) = £DIb-Eb -2D-db-0 beeD Oey or pe Fe pe merimom when I is menimum. He bd? ie madimom or BE is menimane (= dV dS is marion. 6D'ds - gd’=0 a-#D b= fo'-ep* = aD a-f =< Ooc Sele feel ey ees ita 4.35 For the bar and loading of Example 4.01, determine (a) the radius of curvature PROBLEM 435 2, (b) the radius of curvature "ofa transverse crass soction, (c) the angle between the SOLUTION From Example 4.01 M = 30 kip. in @) pF (by) 4 M _ (040% Saget EI att: ony cea sides of the bar which were originally vertical, Use E= 29° 10® pt and v0.29, » Ts 1042 in’ P= 1007 ing = =Bo 2 vF ve aa ver DE = (0.29973 415%) in'= 288m p= B70 in me © 6 = Seagthefare 2 b 108 2 ga 410% ped = 0.01320" Yadlius. pi 3470 436 For the aluminum bar and loading of Sample Prob. 4.1, determine () the ras PROBLEM 4.36 of curvature p’ ofa transverse cross section, (2) the angle between the sides ofthe bar which were originally vertical. Use E= 105 10" psi and 00.33. SOLUTION From Sampde Problem 4.1 T= 12.97 iv’ Mr 103.8 kip-in xo* 10° RAT) (0.33 \7SS Io ) = 2HPxIO* = 1SS*1O* iw ple 4010 in = 334 FE - dength of are b BRS re = dethebere 2 ob Laas . = et e) Vodvor Pp meIe B10 X10 * yaad O.04e4 4.37 A.W 200 x 31.3 rolledstel beam is subjectod to a couple M of moment 45 12Vm . Knowing that = 260.6% , = 0.29, determine (a) the radius of eurvare £2:(6) the radius of curvature p' of a'ansverse cross section. SOLUTION For W 200431.3 welled steel section T= 3b4 tot wm = 3h 1% m* y be Me MSHI ys yg! © 8° ET * Gono Gian) o P = 139.6 m —_ ws = 0.247.170 wis?) = 2.0710 we! pe Bln =4.38 twas tue in Sec 43 thatthe oral sess gin vember in pre PROBLEM 4.38, bending ae negligible. Foran initlly straight elastic member of| eee ae y (Gan * 4€*2p\ ean ae, thus, that can be negecied in all practical Giint? Consider the free-body diagram of the ‘of beam located below the ingram surface of ordinate y and assume the distribution of the stress o ssi liner.) SOLUTION Denote the width of the beam by b and the ength by L. ae 7 Using the Free eonmy iagra~ chore , with cor Q as ZRrO Gert 2116 bay sn8 =O 6 gsi? 6, dy ea dy = -££ 6s dy But 6 =~ (GOS = Calne = (dee 21" 2 Gade (yt et 6 Gee yay = ee fl" = der Ge) ~ 2 The masimun vedic 6 occurs at y= O (aw + ~-“Glewe = Gas ~ oon1 ecole eee (tm ea mo £22 and 440 Two bras sips we an aluminum x Soe brass strips are securely bonded to an al bar of 30 im square cross section. Using the data given below, determine the largest. has am ‘enable bag mone whe cape mene eat sb fra onm Aluminum Brass ae Mots of dass Ser RSC. oe “owe sees owe 160 Ma sotution espn! dae ofuminumn as the relevence mat evi? a N= 1.0 in Pn oe n=: E/E, © 105/70 = 1S in bow oe E 77 bress axis} alo For He transformed’ section I= Bowe nA a* us dE eaves (-SYGOME IBY = 28.29 418% mu! Tes Boh? = ABGo)B0Y + 67.5 «10% mm, Tye I, = 28.2901 me! Tee tle dy = 244.08 110% mm = 24.08 x15" m* > | =f - iy] Mery Abominum? n=O, y= Mmm = 0.018 m, Sz 100~/0% Pa < ton" m = (eoxio! 24.0810") | can wto® Von (.0W 0.015) Brass? one bS, y= alm ade 5 SF 160 10% Pa 160.vo* NaN. 08x10 3 ye (ns Ylo.oal) 1.240 ¥ 10° Nem Choose the smaPler value M = 1.240 #07 Nem = L240 Kew met439 and 4.40 Two Ris DS ae securely bonded to obit of30 = eerie sateen AG oe cen el et t= soc tg gn sng te trent, dai rt a Ha = a ee a Mott of tty wae Be ie aaa oe es _ | sournion Sem feaomml ! Use afominum as the vefevence material Nelo in aduminum n= EJEL= 108/70 = 1S in brass For the transformed section sheen Ad® 12 (goy(e}* s(.0V20XE Mig) = 58.86 +107 mnt ie Tye Reb he = LE (ee VseP = 10/.25.10% mn", y= I, = $8.86 710 mm! T= Dade Ty = 218.97 60% wm! = 218.97 «10 im” = | 2M, : » &1l Iel= [Sh¥) « me & Aduminum? Wel, yr anms 0.02/m 6 = 10010‘ Pa = (oo x10*)(218.97410)_ 43 vio® Ne “ T.0o-0n"} 1,043 v1) Nem Brass? 5, Y= 1mm 0.0ISm, C= 160 x10* Pa my = Lise xJ0*)(218.97 x10") \ 567 WO" Nem US Vlo.01F 7 Choose the smafler value M= 1043 ¥/o* Mem = L043 kNemEby eeera eee cess tT wasen oe Ieee a eesed eee eet ee) I O Aes se eed Ge formed far (a: C4 O wi ‘4.41 and 4.42 For the composite bar indicated, determine the permissible bendin PROBLEM 4.41 ‘moment when the bar is bent about a vertical axis. | ‘441 Bar of Prob. 4.39 Bast Sm™ SOLUTION ‘Nuwsiaom, somm Use afuminum as reference matevial MF LO in etominum Sem ne E/E.* 105/70 = 1.5 in brass Lamm}? is For the ivansformed section q v n, 3 cote nt Bb a = 426 M30)* = 20.2510? mm! ha I= bh? bates 27 a OA, + 42 (oXS0}* = 67.560 mm? Ig = Ly, = 20,.25%107 mum? T= 1,4 Ltd. = 10gxio% mm’ = [08x/o% mt > jeMy) > $f Nel Jay) Ming Afominum? = LO, ys ISmm= O.01Sm, Sz 100x106 Pa M = Mi2oxlO°V\08 10") 25 Wem (1.0 )(o.01F) Brass? Nels, ys lS mm = 0.01Sm, = 160x/0* Pa M = Leox0* 108 100") © deg Am (-S 90.015) Choose the smabter vadue M= 720 Nem =eget Tana SS LLEL React ne ei peinlet peti ae 442 Dac of Prob. 4.40 a “PP sovutios gf Use aluminum as veberence mateniad : N10 tn aduninaw Sum N= E/E. = 105/70 = LS in brass fom} t : For the transformed section 3 : = Meh? pie te T= bb ® Ls = HB(EY(s0% = 18.5 x 10% me . I,= bh = 4S (cool = 101.25 mm" | Ty = I, = 1857107 mn I= 2,++,7 128.25 «10% mom? = 128.2510" m™ lel = omy) mw: St poe Aominum? 12 10, y= WSimm= 0.015m, 6 = 100x10* Pa oo 10 (128.2510") i Ms "(00-015 ) cece: tet Brass > We LS, yt mm = 0.5m, S = 160 x/0% Pa (igor tot} (128.25 10") (is \o.015 ) Seana Choose the smadler vosve M = 855 Nem «ea (eee eee 7 ji and 44 Wooden bus and ste lta ao senrely bled ogee orm PROBLEM 443 members shown. Using he daa gv blow, deters the laget Pens nig me ‘en he campos brane Beat about ahora Weed Modules of ancy: 2510 pi 30 Torys ‘Alowable sees 000 pat zis soLumion fl Use wood as the reference materia? ee N= 1.0 in wood sap ine Be/Ew = 80/2 = IS in steed For the transhormed section Os I,= Rh? 42(eYof = 250 in* as T+ Bebb! = FE CGY = 62s iw’ iz A Is= T= 250 inv n * ts id Le La+TeTyy as int mM. ‘i ieee oe My lO, yr Sin, © = 2000 psi = AoooyMasy _ . ae M Goyts) 450%10° Ibi SteePi n=l5, Sin, G RWiksi =, 22xJ0% ps Jie > Pp Me ase 125). gor ic® Dhein Choose the smaller vadve M= 330«10" Abin = 330 kip-in ~aati ea [ooze] tro: 4.43 amd 4.44 Wooden beams and steel plates are securely bolted ‘to form PROBLEM 444 the ‘members shown. Using the data given blow, the largest ee — es Se alae Allowable stress: 2000 psi si ee Dse wood as the veterence mateniad a N= 1.0 in wood [fxm | n> Eq/By = 30/2 = 1S in steel For the transformed section n oy Ty = Pebhs + nAd* @® ‘ ASG VEP + SKS YE-28)" = 10844 in > Rbh = 42 (MIF = Soo int agrs Te ZT, = 10344 int Te Ts+T+Tg = 2569 in’ Ts} = |2ey] 2 om se ” otis ne Wood? n= hO, yr Sin , © #2000 pri M = 4200 )8569) = 1.028 110% Jb in Ste® n=IS, y= SSin, Gs Wisi = Rriok pri m = Laasig 1ase8) = 6B5K10 Abin Choose the smadler vate M= 685K Jo” fhin = C85 kip-in 66.0 MPa =m“agent 446 A cope ip, ~105 Ps) dan ani p75 uit in be cgpntbe bw a iar ibent PROBLEM 4.46 sarebonded’ ‘out a horimncal exis mame 3¢ ms actin he meron 5: Saosin) be luda otlp, (6) the copper strip. ‘Copper- SOLUTION [26mm —+| Use aluminum as He veterencea maternal n N= 10 in afuminom axis g ae n= En/E.= [05/75 = 14 im copper is . Transformed sect’on Ye ey = 5.5409 mm The neutral axis ties 5.5909 mm above the bottom = Bebb? sn Adts E2Qurats Golanari.noa)” = 2245.2 met T= Bbhes nAde= Ad (as Ya Pelee yer Ys )(y.0909)" © 1762.5 mm” T= L+I, = 4889 mmt = 4.008 x/0"* m* (2) Alominum? Ne Oy ¥ 12-S.590% © 6.40% mm * 0.006409) oe - 8M. ~ LeeM Bs o.oeGHeA) 5 _ s¢.on16* Pa, + ~S6.0 MPa at (bd Copper? = LR, ye -S.S40%mm ¥ = B.OBESHOT wm os - tye. 19 SSG 2.vasse: OOSSI08) = CB4xlo a = 68.4 MPa mePROBLEM 4.47 a ‘4.67 and 4.48 A 10-n, timber beam has been strengthened by bolting toi the steel straps shown. The modulus of elasticity is 1.5 « 10" psi forthe wood and 30 “Trp forthe sel Knowing da he bem sb sbot aint as by 2 givlc of ment 200 kipin, determine the maximum sues in (othe mond, (5) SOLUTION Use wood as the reference matev's) Ne LO in wood Ne Bs /Ew = 30/18 = 20 for steed Transformed section A | nal % | nAy | @|60 | co} ss | 330 @} 25} 50 | oas 12. = no | 342.5 = B4RS _ ji = SARS = 3.114 in The nevtrad axis dies 3.1/4 in shout the bottom. I? Bbh)s nAd,*= 12 (6 Xo} + (Loco) 2.88)" = BHC in” Tre Bohs WAat = (sas (2olasd(2.seay* = 4iiigin’ I- I++ (@) Weed? N= lo «ny 5 2 I (b) Steeli n=20 eee, 6: - AY = 4252.8 int y = 1005+ B14 = 7386 in M2200 (7.886) _ 1194 ss ae 1282.8 y rr Bin (22X23) 9 guy kos a 1252.8fees eee c ‘447 and 4.48 AG 10m, timber beam has been strengthened by bling othe ater Spe sown, To modus occ) fs 15» 10 pif he won and 30 opal rth el Kroing a ie bam en abot ra sy 8 faeeetetaee]: {up of moment 200 kip. determine the reaximam stress in (a) the wood, (8) SOLUTION Use wood as the reference matenal n= 1.0 in wood n= Es/Ey = 80/48 = 20 in sheef Transformed section 9 Y= BR = 9.667 in The nevtrad avis Pies 3.667 in. abwe the bottom T= Bbhhs mad = LG or(.ssey = 606.7 int Ty? I> Sb hdenddt = fe HE (8)(a4 US Ya.cer® = 117 iat Ir I+I,+I, = @30 in’ @) Wood? nebo, y= 10-3667 ® 6.333 in o= - AMY . -Levace).ses) = = 1.526 koe = Q) Sted: n= 20 y= -366T in o> - aby =~ GOXReoNEBLET) = 17.67 kei ~‘449 and 4.50 For the compasite bar indicated, determine the radius of curvature PROBLEM 4.49 ‘caused by the couple of moment 35N-m. sc Sent 43 (Cannon) rea eee See sodvbion te PROBLEM 44S for the codevdahion of I Ae ee rH = PO EL’ Gsmo ows? ON, p= 870m me 4.49 and 4.50 For the compeoite bar indicated, determine the radius of curvature PROBLEM 450 cased by the couple of mone 15, 450 Barof Prob. 4.46 om Felis oe Lote]? See solution +: PROBLEM 4.46 For cadeviehon of I, t:M 35 =o 38s - i P* ELE "Ger Caos 7 OMG me, pH RSI me eed Sf eee eee determine the radius of curvature Peteeus Exiga 42 fare comps ane si beam AP bro SOLUTION See solvtion to PROBLEM 4.47 for cafey, tiow of I. 4. M. ,__z00r108 e oe P” ESE ° Usworyisiay * 106-4*107 iw 9396 in = 78374 om 4.51 and 452 For the composite beam indicated, determine the radius of curvature PROBLEM 4.52 ‘caused by the couple of moment 200 kipin. 452 Beam of Prob. 4.48 Ticaecetl souumioN See sodution te PROBLEM 4.48 fur cadcufation of T, ae 4M .__goouios 10" in’! L PEL * Wea Xasey © (Orerlo adm P= ERS in = S19 A, «<oo ee 453 A concrete slabs reinforced by 16-mm-diameter steel rods placed on 180-mom ‘entersas shown. The modulus of elasticity is 20 GPa for conerete and 200 GPA for steel. Using an allowable stress of MPa forthe concrete and of 120 MPA fer the steel, determine the largest allowable positive bending moment in & portion of slab PROBLEM 4.53 imide soLuTion = & . 2006fa _ ne Bs AG 10 Consider a section 180 mim wide with one shelved. As= Fdt= Ete) = 201.06 mm Ag = 2.0106 ¥ 10° mm locate the nevtrad axis 180 x% - (100-x)( 2.0106 x10") = 0 90 x*+ ZO10bviv*x - 201.06 xjo8 zo Solving tor x x 2 2h. gtosucl + S(z. 10g)" AIIGKAC 6 ME (d4o) T= $(180)x* + (2.0106 «10* (100 - x * = 4$(130)(37, 297) +(2.0106 «10*)(62.608 * = 1 O1B 10% mm* = 1.018 xiO7* Mm" ley = [2ey) M+ $e Concrete = N=!» y = 32397 mm = 0.087397 m ) 69x10" Pa, = GeotyOloxiot) _ ay Me G:0)(0.037397) = 2.651610" Nem SteeD2 n= 10, y= 62.603 my = 0.06203 m, EF 1204/08 Pa 120 10° )(11,018 10%) _ Ca M = C26 tO Nee) 2.120 x10" Nem Choose the smaller value M= 2.1120 ~10° Nem K = 37.397 mm 100-X = 62.603 mm The above is the allowable positive moment for a 180 mn wide . section, For a Im = 1000 mm wielth, mudtiply by WES = s.s6 M = (S.SS6(RHZOUF) = 10.73%1 Nm = WIZKNm met4.59 A concrete ihis reinrcod by 16mm dame led placed on -nm modules of is 20 GPs for concrete and 200 GPA for PROBLEM 4.54 ‘centers 98 shown. The - el Using an allowable sues of MPa he conte and 120 MPA frie I, determine the largest allowable positive bending moment in a portion of slab Tim wide. 4.54 Solve rob. 453, asouming thatthe spacing ofthe 16-madlamete rds is Increased to 225 mm on centers. SOLUTION we &- B20 Sie jo Ea ~~ 20 6%, Consider a section 225 mm wide with one steed red. Ae = Ed *= Elle = 201.06 mm As = 2.0106 110% mmm Locate the nevived axis RUSKH ~(]00-K\V(2.0106 "I ) = O HREx & 20106 x = 201,06¥/0% = oO - 2 = SETI n Sclving for x x = Fe 2106M)08 + [12.0 10GRIO TE HAY2 SXRD OCHIO) (A0I2- SY X = 84.273 om [00-% = 65.727 T= $(2s)x® + 2.010610 Cloo- x) = Faas 634.273) + (2.0106 «1? K65.727)~ = 1.705 x1oo met = NToS 107 m* - \)nMy) St tei |B] «ome SH Concrete? nel, yt $4273 mm = 0.034273 m, S Px/0* Pa = (9410£)CN.T0s #10) ag = Tio.034273) = 3,0738x/0* Nem Steed: n= 10, y= 65.727 m = 0.065727 m , GF =120 x10 Pa My = fizextot nes) 2 3707/03 Nem “~~ (oy(0. 065727) foe Gee eee, Choose the smaller valve M> 21370x10" N-m The above is the aMfowalle positive monert for a 225 nm wide section. | For a lm = 1000mm section, multiply by 122 = 4.quuy M (44444 )(2.1370%107) = 2.50%10" Nem = 950 kNem ~(Lt U ft |U rps D (nee (area Gee eee) PROBLEM 45 ‘moment of 175 kN'm. Knowing that the modulus of elasticity is 25 GPa for the ‘onerete and 200 GPa for the sce, determine (a) the stress in the steel, (3) the ‘maximum sess in the concrete ee somm SOLUTION 400 250 x ~ (12.164x]0°)(490-x) = o Solving for x T= $ 250% 4 (12.104 x10° (400 - x \* = $ (250) 54.55)" + (12.164 210° )4s.4s )* = 1.0404 «107 em? = 1.0404 x 10> m™ eo = -nMy bg (a) Steed: y= 6: - 2) 17S x(0*)(-0.24545) _ 330x10* Pa = 330MPa —=e (b) Conerete : er- z ‘diameter = Es . 2006 Laan > Bt Seer 7 80 COILS x1? WO. 1S4S5) 455 The reinfred amet beam shown is sbeced postive bing] Age Ye Ba? = 4B = 5205 010° mn® As = 12.164 10% mom ‘hoeate the neutral axis 125 x" * 12,164 10° x ~ 4.3657 KIS = 6 = 12,164 fo? +f (12.164 108) 4 (4)C1251(44. BOS 7H 10® \CResy X= 154.55 mm , WBO-X > 2US, 45 mn xe ~ 24S 4S mm = -O.2YSUS mm 1. OF0# % [OS YF INSIST mm = OIS4HST m Neri = -26.0x/0" Pa = -26.0 MPa <=eee eee PROBLEM 4.56 ‘moment of 175 kN-m. Knowing that the modulus of east Solving for x xe I 4 3 =} 6= 4:5. The reinforced concrete beam shown is subjected postive bending 25 GPa forthe concrete and 200 GPa forthe steel, determine (a) the sess inthe se! (8) the maximum stress in the coneret. 56 Solve ro, 4.55 asuming thatthe 450-nm depth ofthe beam i increased 10500 am, SOLUTION n= Gi ee 2 go Ag = 4 Bd™ = (WF Maa)" = 5205x105 mt NA, = (2.164 x10? mm™ hoeate the neutral axis R50K% - Yi2.164x)0° )(4S0-x) = O lasxk* 4 12.164 xJo*x - 5.4733 410% = 0 = 12.164 110+ | CRIAMOY +A VASE. 4738 %10") @asy X 2 166.19 mm , WSO -X = 283.8) mm (250) x + (12, 16410 )C4so- x * (as )(166.19)* 4(12.164x10* (483. 21)" ©3623 «107 mm* = 1.3003%/5" m* ~My Ea (a) Stee#: y= - 283.81 mm = - 0.2838! m G = ~ LOM IS HOY 0.28381) - gagyioé Pa s 292 Pa 1.3623 x10 (b) Conevete? sy = 166.19 mm = 0.16619 m | a= Geoll7sx103 Koen 2. a oe- Eee wis = -21.3 “10° Pa = -21.3MPa 3 Bdé = 3G\GY = 1.3040 in* nAg = 18.040 in* a Locate nevtval axis. axis | 4 BrX - (18.040 )(14-%) = © al 21) 4y*4 1B.040 % - 252.56 > 0 = x18.040 + LIE. FASS) _ : Solve For x x 7 6.005 in. 4 -x = 7.9745 in Tad B xh nA = $erG.008) + (2.0407.9957 \s = 1730.4 in" 2. |nMy} - ol 7 | en Conerefe? ne ho, lyl= 6,005 in, ISI = 1350 ps: (13809(1730.5) (ee (6.005) = 3870 Ibein = 389 kip-in Steed + n=1o, lyl= 72995, © = 20.10% por Me ~ Gouo™Wnte.5) 5 2 438 «108 in > 433 keip:in Choose the smatler valve Mz 384 kip-in 2 32.4 kip Pt =rere romans aes are eeeeeres ire De lies hone en aes ‘determine the largest allowable positive bending moment in the beam. i da Solve Prob. 4.58, assuming tht the with ofthe concrete beam is increased SOLUTION n= Ee 2 S040! 2 10 Ass 3 Bx10e Hat = aye) = 1.s0dou™ x nAg = 18.040 in* axis a 4 locate the nevtred axis any lox% - (i8.04¢0)(14-%) = © Sx" + 18.040 x - 252.56 = 0 a = rig.o40 + Sis 04 WGK a5z.56) - in Solve for % x Quy = 5.529 Ii M-x = 8.471 in I= $0io)x? + nas (iy-xV = £00 VS.s2a¥ + (18.040) 8.47/)* = 1857.9 im? _ | bMy) - _6L Isls JPRY\ a ms SP Concrete? Me hO ly] ® S.S2 in 16) = 1350 pss = 0350)0457.9) : M:Sesa 7 4S3.6x(0° Ab-in Steel: n=lo — lyl= 8.471 in 161 = 20.10% ps: a yy = £22x10* 857-9) Sng exto® Pein Cova-4any Choose the smaller valve — M= 428.6 «jo Db-in = 438.6 kipemn = 36.6 kip Pr ~7 co ‘item wa co T (Gee) ee eee =] Tan PROBLEM 4.60 4.60 ‘Te design of reinforead corte beam is sid lobe Balanced ifthe ‘maximum stresses inthe stee! and conerete are equal, respectively, tothe allowable stresses 0, and ¢- Show that to achieve a balanced design the distance = from the top ofthe bear 10 the neutral exis must be x= vere and ar the modal of asciy of cont and sel respectively, nd dis the distance from the top of the beam to the reinforcing souutiow 6.= nM daw) e-te &= nx) 2 nd -n 42 1+4@ + 1+88 ina ie iesea EsGeRata fi aioem ion mn room SS = 4.61 For the conerete beam shown, the modulus of casticty i 3.5 10¢ psi forthe conte and 29+ 10 ir th ste Knowing that b= Bn, nd d= 2, and I using an allowable tess of 1800 pi for the coneete and 20 ksi forthe see, {trie (the reuired area ofthe del enfroament ithe ds of i for defiition of e balanced beam) moment See Prob. 460 * SOLUTION eee eee ne Bt ggxjot 7 3.2857 4 6s = neta) G = Me ae & , mider) nd-n As = A — ee &. palais Cf ade hg RS a ve gta HE - ast % = 0.44717 A= (0.42717)(22) = 9-398 in A-xX = 22-9.34B = 12.602 in Locate netred axis bx % - nA.(d-x)= 0 eb Marten 7.3978)" te pera (a) As * gncacxy * Gics.assTyizeeay ~ 25895 i» oe T= Ebxo + nA (aw = ¥ (a0(7.398) 4 B.2857)(3.3835 Vi2.co2)* = 6665.6 in* eon > sl 6 = May Conevete? n= lO y= 9.398 in © = 1800 psc (1800)( 6665.6) Ms “Gayeaaesy = M277 x joe Ab-in Steel: = B.2857 yl = 12.602 in © = 20m psi py = Gomer MeceSe) | 277 10% Pein (8.285012. 602) Note that beth values ave the same for balanced design M = 1277 x10 kipein = 106.4 kip-FY fae(aa (esd eee Ee 62 and 469 Five metal stipe, cach of 0.5» Sin oss szton, ar bonded PROBLEM 4.62 together to frm the composite beam shown. The modulus of elasticity is 30 = 10° peli the srl, 15 10" pl forthe tras, and 10 10° re osu fae nau ain th te Da ot taal ac by cules of monet 12 bet ‘determine () the maximum tess in metals, Bross! }_ foie. ofearvanme of fo oxmpoaie bean, etree Cet Steel 45" sovution Brose 05m ‘Aniaura fosin, Use aluminum as the reference materiod bose—| 2 &s , 3omws _ 2 n L Fowpoe = 2 in steed 2 ee 1siot woe nae jo 10% eee a n= 10 in adumnun. For the transformed section T= Bb he and, dr = LOos¥s 0.25).0%% = 0.71656 in® Tat bh? + AA = EEC.s Vast + (5 V0.7 Yo.s) = 0.8097 int Babh? = 22 Usie-sY = 0.0469 int T= I, = 0.3047 int) Tee 2, = 0.7656 in” ez = 2.1875 int ae 2 nMy . (ho add.as) _ sf (2) Aluminum oth ae = 6.86 ksi =~ 7 nM, 1.5 V12\(0.75) a Brass: G = SEY = (say = B.IT ks = : = oMy _ Boor) _ i Steel? 6 = Sor. Boway 4 ksi ~ = M_ _ iaxio® Hee ~ ©) PEL ~ ConoeYaissy ~ oreo P= 1823 im = 151.9 FF enPROBLEM 4.63 Aluminum o5in fosin. Stel 4.62 and 463 Five metal strips, each of 0.5 x 15-in, eros section, are bonded together to firm the composite beam shown. The modulus of elasticity is 30 » 10° pal forthe tet, 15 x 10* pi for the brass, and 10 ~ 10° pat for the aluminum, Knowing thatthe beam is bent about a horizontal axis by couples of moment 12 kkipin, determine (a) the maximum sess neach ofthe three metals, (0) the radius ‘of curvature ofthe composite bear. SOLUTION Use aPominum as the yeherence mate a: BonlO* - 2.0 in steed VOx [Oe Bi a B: 4s0e = LS in bras n " n = 10 nod For the transfarmeel section I, = TEbhP+ Ad? 32 (1,5 (oss (3.0 (o2sXi0Y = 2.2969 int Le ehh +N Ader = 42.(.5X(0.5)8 +0 X0.2S (OST => 0.2031 in® B Ty Bbhy = LE C.sost = 0.0284 in® I, = I, = 0.203) int, Ty = I, = 22969 in® = I= ZL, = 5.0284 int @) steed: o> AH - Gorlanens) - 3.96 uss =~ Alominum? 6 = aby : (ro Mia yeo.2s) = 1792 ket ~ Brass? o> aty a Gstaroasy = 0.396 ks = (b) te ML ax413* = 238.89 K107* int PEI “Corioryeon34) Pe NBC in = 849 Ft =faa es 464 The beam shown i formed an roman ot ete engn en tether tein pa ke rsa 1010 pt rte aiminan Kao that the composite. Bass ‘beam is bent about a horizontal axis by couples of moment 8 kip-in., determine the maximum stress (2) in the brass, (6) in the aluminum. SOLUTION Atuainom, Osi, For each semicircle r= 0.8 in, = Fyre ms eae. (og). i A= Er*= 1.00531 in’, = He - MleB) = 6.33953 In Tiwe ? EP’ * 0. 1608050" = <* . Tt Tye- Aye * 0.1608-(1,0053)) (0.33953) = 0.044957 int - Use aluminum as He reference metewal \ ans Ne 1.0 in aLuminder : Ee. iswioe i. ) Mee aso a ae brass Locate nevtral axis nA in® | You in_| WAY, in? | Y = 2172287 . 0.06741 in @ 1.50796 | 0.33953| 0.51200 aaa a The neutral axis ties ® Loosal |70-$8953]- 0.84132 0.0674! iy above the = 2.51877 | as7067 matenial aterSace. dy * 0.83963- 0.0679) = 0.27162in , dy = 0.33953 + 0.06141 = 040744 in I, nb +nAd*= (1.51(0.044951) + 1.5 (1.0053!) (0.27162)" = 0.17864 in” T= mb + nAde = (1.0 0(0.044957) +(.0 (1.0053) (6.40744 > = 0.21185 int T= T+, = 0.39054 int (a) Brass? MLS, y= 0.8- 0.06771 = 0.73204 in ~ - WMy _ _ W-5)(8(0.73209) 2 L. . no Co e 3.3405 = R25 ksi (6) Afominum: N= 1.0 9 y = 0.8 = 0.0679) = ~ 0.8677! in 2- MMy 2 G.0)(3)C0.36791) © 17.78 ksi ~« . zt 0.39054 oo4.65 4 stel pipe and an aluminum pipe are securely bonded together wo form the PROBLEM 4.65 Grates beam shown. The modulus of elasticity is 210 GPa forthe steel koe he rhe alanis. A 1 Entry") <(o)E (qe 16) = 60.88 «10% vee” Te Dad, = 181.73 «10% mm = 13/73 e107" mm! 1F mm = Q.019 my 6 Pic. Govlsee) (0.014) eee = S23xe° fas 523M, =e (b) Steep: C= lémm = 0.016 m Me _ GorseaXo.ole) _ a2 ixiotPa = 132.1 MP =e Tar 78x 4.65 A ste pipe and an alum pipe are securely bonded tuber to rm he Peer das ‘mBposite eam shown. The modulus of clastisty is 210 GPa fe the wacker ne {GPs fx the aluminum. Knowing tht the composite beam a beat by oes y ‘Moment 500 N-m, determine the maximum stress. (a) in the aluminum, (6) in the steet ea Sel. a 4:96 Sole Prob, 465, assuming that the mm hick Inner pipe is made of Alon i ‘luminum and that the 3-mm-thick outer pipe is made of stecl, aa 7 10mm SOLUTION iN | Use afuminum as the reference mateniad aan aes in ahominvun n= s = ae > 3.0 in steed, Steed? T= nm, R(n’-ne") © (3.0) F"- 16") = 152.65 ¥10" mm" Abowinum? 1, = 1, 9Cn"=:") = (LO) BCG 10") = 43, cavso8 mnt T= 1,4 Ly, = 196.27%10% mm™ = 196.27 «10 mm” 2) Muninum = Gs 16 mm = 0.016 m o. tie. sLevseoYe.oe) - yp.sxio Pa = .g MPa (b) Stee? C= NG mm = O.OIT me ot apis = 2 \S0e MOO) ye aiotP. = 452 MP, 196.27 «(0-* fe oO UJ1 (i) Tae oO alee) aay {467 ‘The rectangular bearn shown is made ofa plastic for which the value ofthe PROBLEM 467 ‘modulus of elasticity in tension is one half fits value in compression, For abending ‘moment M = 600 Nm, determine the maximum (a) tensile stress, (b) compressive stress. SOLUTION =k on the fension side of wevtyed sais n=l on the compression side Locate nevtrad ax ie. ny bu% - mblh-xd kx = 0 doxt- $b (h-xy* = 0 xt = hh ue Kch-«) « eh = 4421 = HAZ men h-x = §8-577 mm T, = nghx® = UNG) GOH AIP = 1 18H 10% mer * Tye yk Ub-w)? = GAYS 58.574) = 17ST 110% mm Lt 3,4 Ig = 28595 10% mm" + 2.8595 v10* m* @) tensife stress: net, yer SBS mm = 0.088577 m = -nMy , _ (0.8 \Veoo\- 0.086574). . 2 T 2.85 95 x1O-* = 6.15 110" Fa = 61S MPa ~« (b) compressive stress ? nel, ye Abtal mm = 0. 041M al m 64 10° Pa 8.69 MPa a = - DMy .- Luerleoor(o. onan) = 2 BSAS *1S*4.68 A.rectangutar beam is made ofa material for which the modulus of elasticity PROBLEM 4.68 is Bin tension and &, in compression. Show thatthe curvature of the beam in pure sae. Denes: where 4EE, ” (E+ VE. y* SOLUTION Use Ex as the reference modudus. Then Ee = nEe Locate nevtrad axis nbx% - bh-w) BE = nx -(h-x)* =o tnx = (h-x) h tih * Taal how = Tra = bts fo. o? -[PGrt yt GE) J] bbe = bets bh + 5 GAeG) oo gta bl Ls 4 aes 4 eee ar when I> i bhi = eles 12, a bh? E. : fe GRE goed Ce Eshee sa eW geal (HETE + 1)" °F )*tered ee eta] sleet c PROBLEM 4,69 @ Be be oe Su KOE w) $+ BE 0.20 = M1-87 Xase 0.020) 4.69 Knowing that M= 250 Nm, determine the maximum stress in the beam shown when the radius r of the filet is (a) 4 mm, (8) 8 mm. SOLUTION T= BS = CBM = 42,667 xl0% mt = 42,667 x15 Il re © = 20 mm = 0.020 m RB, Bm _ 200 37 Noo From Fig. 4.3! Ke 1.387 eae = 21910 Pa = 219 MP me From Fig. 43! Ke 15a 1-501(2501(0-020) oe wigt = Muse ase Ko-070) "6*10% Pa = 176 MR me 4.70 Knowing thatthe ellowable stress forthe beam shown is 90 MPa, determine the allowable bending moment M when the radius 7 of te fillet is (a) 8 mm, (6) emm. SOLUTION T= ABM + BG)4o)= 42.667 xlo% mm! = 42.667 x/07 7m? C* 20 mm = 0.020 m 2 - fom = 200 From Fig. 4.31 K= 150 M = Geek 2 (40 x10°V 4.667 10 Ke * @50y(0.020) = 128 Nem Saeed From Fig 4.31 K= 1.35 (foxtot 42.667 107) | Me “Gas Vle.cmo) ae 7PROBLEM 4.71 4.71. Semsiciroular grooves of radius + must be milled as shown in the sides of « stoel member, Using an allowable stress of 8 ksi, determine the largest bending, ‘moment tha can be applied tothe member when the radius ofthe semiiroular groves is © $i,6) Fin SOLUTION @ d= D-ar= 49 - QB) = 3.75 in 4 Blas. no. | a” 3.35 * a) Seana He O10 From Fig. 4.32 K = 2.07 = dbh es & (GY = 3.296 in? eed 1.878 in T oe: Kue a mM: SL __@vs.246) (b) d= D-ar= 4s From Fig, 4.32 Ke * (aoncrs7sy) = - 2X) 3.0, B= Ke 1.61, I= bh? = 4(8)(n0¥ = L687F in’ stds hh ~ST_ _ (9.6875) = cetde Sin | MRS Tapjensy = SST Kpein ae coat ct “472 Semicvalar groves of radius r mut be milled as shown in the sides of « so a ma be ntsc he weaternten (rf r= fm SOLUTION (a) A= D-ar = 45 ~@NE)= 3.78 in Rlus . Dh, O.87F at aa 25 goes = O10 From Fig. 4.32 Ke 2,07 T= bbb = (EMG ISY = 3.296 int, ented = 1.875 in =KMe . @ ay - 7 VC4VC-875) ame 4.71 ksi = b) d= D- ae = 45 - (2H) = 300i, Bs BS = 150, G- O38 = 0.25 From Fig 4.32 K= Let T= tbh? = £(F\G.00)? = esr int, crtd=ihs in = KMS = USA SY o: KH = 1687s S72 ksi -_ ies]473 The allowable stress used in the design ofa steel bar is 80 MPa. Determine PROBLEM 4.73 the largest couple M that can be applied to the bar (a) if the bar is designed with grooves having semicircular portions of radius r= 15 mm, as shown in Fig. a, (6) SOLUTION ifthe bar is redesigned by removing the material above the grooves as shown in Fig. 5. For both confi quations Dez 150 mm, a= 100 mm, re 15mm. 1So = 12 = 50 Sos H= 15 20.18 For configuration (a), Fig 4.32 gives Ke 1.92. For confiquration (b) Fig 4.31 gives Ky = 1.57, I= pbb? : His loo® = 1.5 %J0%mm* = 1.5 )o* m* 1 c c= td = SO mm + 0.050 m ) KMe . ~ SL . (gosto is 110) «| agstc® sem C wo es Spe Ms Ke (4a No.5 ) Tae = LAS kNem mt 2 SI , onto seo) sani Nem = 1S3KNM =e ) Me Ye FS Gsrtoesoy = «(1870 ; i ed eal a (ase bon stone24 Acct ofmament ME tmnt ape oh endo te bs PROBLEM 4.74 Determine the maximum stress in the bar (a) ifthe bar is designed Pong sees pron ofradusr™= foram an shown nfs a, (acter ‘SOLUTION Is redesigned by removing the material above the grooves as shown in Fig. b. For both confi gur ations De 150 mm, ade 100 mm P= NO mm, ie. Be Kes \s0 ae 2 = 0.10 00 For conFigueation @), Fig 4.32 give Ka= 221 Fon conkig uration Cb), Fig 4.81 gives KF 1.79 T= bh? = & lisXt00)* = 16x10 mm" = 1S x10° c= dd = SO mm = 0.0m ay o+ ee £2.21 Ch s10")(0.08) a ese?) 0.05) - 47 wot Pa = IMT MPa (b) 6 = CLTAC 2x107) (0.05) _ o W9,q0° Pa = WA MPa = LS KIO"PROBLEM 4.75 4.35 A bar of redangular cross setion, made ofa steel assumed to be elastoplastic with oj ~ 320 MPa. is subjected to a couple M parallel to the z axis. Determine ‘moment M ofthe couple for which (2) yield first occurs, (6) the plastic zones a the top ‘and bottom of the bar are S mm thick. SOLUTION Mw T= ebh?= URIS = 3,375H/0% me! = 2326K)0 "mn" ct th = 2S mm = 0.0075 ™ My = sf, (gro a7sno") . 140 em ae (bY t+ Smm yes C-E = 25 -Smm = 2.5mm = 0.0025 m ms omy 1- $047] fam) [1-448 S¥] = 208 Nem = PROBLEM 4.76 axis 425 Ae oem co ee, ae ofa mal wb clanpaie with oj =320 MPa is sbjeced oa couple M parallel othe # axe Determine the tome M ofthe cup fe which ald firs coer, (0) th plastic as atthe op td boom of theta are Sum duck: 416 Solve Prob. 4.75, assuming dt the couple M is parle 1 the y xi. SOLUTION (OD) Te bbh? sks yay = 2.16 x10 mn! = 216x107 m" C= kh = Emm = 0.006 m 7 = BRoxto*)(2.16x10") _ i My = Seb = zone V5.2 Nem = (be) b=Swm zp20-b= 6-5 = | mm mdm [i sr] £us.ay[ 1 - $f] imeemPROBLEM 4.77 4.77 The prismatic bar shown, made ofa stcel assumed tobe elastoplastic with 9,42 isi, is subjected to-a couple M parallel tothe x axis, Determine the moment ‘i of the couple for which (a) yield first oczurs, (b the elastic ore ofthe bar is 0.1 in. SOLUTION (a) I= bh? = lousos} = ct Gh = OS in = GL. (aili.oies vio" 1012S 107 in Miecnenie OS = 0.2885 kip in = 283.5 Mein =e 1 ) zy = dts = £01) = 0.05in I ye amy] 1-327] iL |e 7 = E(asa.s [I~ 4(295) ] = 401.5 Min fo Jot }o.] “077 Te pra ar shown, rade of se sted bce vth PROBLEM 478 y= (2s, isaubjee 1 acquple Mparlel to the x axle. Determine the moment oxis afte coe fe which (0) yl frst ors, the elastic cre ofthe bai. thi 4.78 Solve Prob. 4.77, assuming thatthe couple Mis parallel tothe axis, SOLUTION (a) T= & bho = &(o.3)(0.45)* = 2.278110" int C= he 0.225 in mM, =: SE . WG a78ix1o"%) _ We : aS = ee 0.428 kip:in 425 Abin = (x = dtp = $01) = 0.05 im Mee Emel 1-4) = 3 (4s) 1-3 (29) = 627 Bin =e (eeea ee ered seed Coe 1 OQ fsa (ne (ce) a ic: o sessed ie]PROBLEM 4,79 Ty cr th = 0.375 in 4.79 A solid square rod of side 0.75 in. is made of a steel that is assumed to be imepaccwih f=29* plan = ADEs. Demin te maim sss nd radius of curvature caused by a4 kip‘in. couple applied and maintained about an sais parallel toa side ofthe cross section. fe SOLUTION I= gbh* = 407s \(098) = 0.026367 in® GL , (yo(o.026267) _ 2.8125 kip-im o.18in : Myr “CS 0.375 Mz EM (1- $45) op H2f2-2% k- 0,25 in! ¢ . ~ ue. ~28 ma aS 7 E 43-28 -{3-BE = ost s = z xJ0*)(o. re Et pps BS- aagoryo.s). 2 271.88 in xX BB pe pes (zn.88 Uo.3H41)= 107.2 ie = 8.94 FE = PROBLEM 4.80 ee Sree es re Kooning ht eupes Mand M Sane y 23h arpa nnd bt aspartame) be | thickness ofthe elastic core, (b) the radius of curvature of the bar. . SOLUTION L= dbho= Qu isl= 11.664 HI0 mm" = 11.664 #10 wm” cath = Gam = 0.007 m nm = SI, _Qs0 10 (1.64 sic") . My 0,004 = 362, 88 Nem Ms eMC $8) o Kafe - 2 xe = 0.32632, yy = 0.82682 e = 2.7368 mm @ teove = By * 5.87 mar = Bap dade + Eye . (R00 M0 2.1368 x07) _ (e) & Se eee tees Za0 ¥10e = 20%m me4480 Te prismatic rod shown a made ofa el that i assumed to be eastoplastic 4st with £200 GPa and 0, = 280 MPa. Knowing that couples M and M’ of moment PROBLEM 4: 5$251Nm are applied and maintained cbout axes paral tothe ais, deterine (2) the | thickness of the elastic core, (6) the radius of curvature of the bar, gm 4.81 Solve Prob. 4.80, assuming that the couples M and M’ are applic mained about exes parallel othe x axis. ee SOLUTION = bbe = blieX2v* = 20.736x lot mm = 20.786 ¥10" m" cde © code IZ mm = O.012m Ms 280x106 20.736 710") my + OE , (asonpr Nae erie oe 493.84 N-m M Sais) on ee fo- 2h = GYS25) - ‘ : ee J 3 - QBS = 0.41097, Yo 0.91097 € = 10,932 mm a tere = 2yv F 2NT mm -_ - 10°) b) &2 = a. = Exe - (200x10"KI0.992410°) ag) a Pee: (are Ge 2B x /O* i 4.82 A solid Se ee ssid = 29 10" po and y= 42K, Knowing that «couple M. is eee a nd att ans par osteo econ section, determine Sh i tthe cpl or whi he radia of carve (2) (@) 2 8. TT soumon = los M05! = §, 2083x105" in” w c= th = cae in, * = gett Ms. 2088 0") 875 fb-in GA110*)(0-28) 5 72,62 in 4a ¥1o* m= am, [i-48y] (a) prot. ia lb) ps 2H = com = Mo S(ars\[i- dB) | = i260 Mein oe 24 in m= 3(es\[ 1-3) ] 4" 1304 Abin. = c a4 (] (b) M= PROBLEM 4.33 1-40 mm—| fiand 440 Wie oe in ahwsmdeofaselba mdn. le with E= 200 GPa and oy = 240 MPa. Fr tenting abou tho ats, determine the bending moment at which (a) yield first occurs, (8) ZONES the op and baton of thbar ee 30 mm ces =) he last zones at SOLUTION lc | comm | (ay T= abhi d lao\eo)? = 720 «10% mm = 720 916" m" © =kh > 30mm = 0.030 m : St : (a4one)(720 10") «576 wlo* Nem =5.76 kN =e Lgom—| 2(Ry + Ry) = R, = GA, = (240x10*\(a.040(0.020) 1972%10° N 10 mn 4 10 mn = 0.020 m Ra = ES Ay =(EX240x10"}(0.040)(0.010° = 48 x1o* N Ya = F/O mm) = 667mm = 0.006667 mm = 2llisario* Xo.020) + (4zxj0%)(0.006667)] = 8.32 10% Nem = 8.32 kN. m -ceed Ap igs mats cnc eka het nonin elit Antigen om arctemencna || : eee antennas | omer ac ( whe sounos l] toy |e 4 ul 20m Teat = HebE &20)20}8 = 13.33 ¥foh mm” 4 (a) Tvct = bho = GCOVGOY = 720¥/0% mm" ni sonmal —t beim L = 720rlo°- 13.83%]0° = 706.67 * 10° mm" {| = 706.67x107* m" ce gh = 30 mm = 0,030 m []! Mm, = S&L = (240 710°)(706.67x10"") “| ¢ 0.030 = 5.6533 x10° Nem = S.6SKNem =e : : = Ree GA (240 «108 )(0.090)(0.020) = 92x10" N Yu F 10mm Onn = RO mm = 2.020 wm R= £6A,= £(2¥0r10°}(0.020)(0.010) = 24¥108 N Yo = E(lOmm) = CCT mm = 0.006667 m | ) M=2(Ry+ Ry) + 2 [Qaavio® Wo.c22) + (24#10° (0, 006667 )] = 8.0010" Nm = 8.00 kNem{ts oma ae po ea (oor) ee 4.85 and 4.86 A bar ofthe cross section shown is made ofa ste! that is assumed to Panne ce techno wih = 29 10 ad oy 2 Forbin soa sy moment which (2) : tetopand baton oflitarse 3 ti oe telat est —; — sowurion ak : alse (a) T= qb hos Adt © AG\srs @xans)' = e225 int [ob T= tbhe = AGUSY = 13.5 in® Hi ise | Ll Liste I, I, = 8275 in Ts Tse he 1.50" cr 4S iw, My SE, A888) 2 754 kinins R= GA,= U2XsKs) = 378 kip W) Yor bet he = 3.0 in exis a Ree aGA, = $(42)(6 0.8) “= 184 Kip Yo? FUSI= LO iw @) Ms 2a(Ry Py) = 2[le72)(2.0) + (saXey] = 2646 kip-in =4.85 and 86 Ab oft cos setion shown s made of tel ht i ated 0 42 ksi. For bending. PROBLEM 486 beelentoplic with = 29 * 10° poi and abou the ‘clermine the bending moment which (0) yield fr ome, (0) the pase nes at y thetop and botom ofthe bar are. hick. t SOLUTION : cL se for Tye Boh Adit = ELOY» CGAY" = 175.5 in? 70 Eig Ty kbh? = EYE =e 6.75 16" rsd bot base cea ITe2,+1¢+JIy = 357.75 in" et 4S in Eo. 020(382.75) . 3ss¢ ken ek aS a 7 & ae RGA, = 42ver(s)= 756 kip Ski = & Yr LS +h = Bin oo — em GA, = £(420(8 01.5) = 44.5 kip (ob) Me CAA 2[cseXs) + aes\10r] = ye? SUL) = LO in 4125 kipe iw = em= Goole ca fase eee (aa: = era] 4.87 through 4.90 For the bar indicated, determine (a) the filly plastic moment M,, section. PROBLEM 487 (@) the shape fator ofthe ess ; 1487 Bar of Prob. 4.83 | souvTioy | i From PROBLEM 4.82 E = 200 GP and Gy = 240 MPa, r—toe | comm A, = Go)(30) = 1200 mm” | somm—| = 12007410* m* a : R= GA ie Ay, rir = (240 x1o* (1200 «10°*) 4 gf 4 = 288x10° N cee d= 30 mm = 0.080 m @) Mp = Rd = (288x103 )(0.030) = 8.64>/0> Nem = 8.64 kina () T= bbe =e EMCO > 720% 107 wm” = 720%107 m* CF 30 mm? 0.030 m eS i “(720 x10") _ vis Sul Latest r0r10") 5g yn ~ Me, BCH LS k Meenas Ls ={4.87 through 490 For the bar indicated, determine () the filly plastic moment M, PROBLEM 4.88 (6) the shape factor of the cross ston. inhsdidoret amine i 488 Bar of Prob. 4.84 — —_-sowwrion ohm at From PROBLEM 4.84 Es 200 GPa awl 62240 Mpa, 20h - i = GA Poterceae ayes eee = (240 x10*)(0.040)(0.020) F 192 ¥10° N Yy F [Omen + 10min = 20 man = 0.020 m nis = 3 OTN — = RY4OxI0*}(0. 020)(0.010) = 48xlo* N (b) Ya * RYO) ® Simm = 0.005 m Mez 2(Ry,* Ryde 210192 ¥108%0.020) + (4s r108 )(0.008)] = BIG HOT Nem = B/E KNem ~ Tt FAbh = HE 4OWGO = 720%/0* mm? Leseet = aebh = te(20V(20)8 = 13.83% 10% mmm? Lr Tat Lote) © 7RO¥l0* ~ 13.83 J0° = 706.67 x10% mm” = 706.67 «1077 m* C= tht 8mm 2 6,080 m My = 92 = (Be 110 )(706.62# 10") 5 Goa jem 0.080 ~ Me. Ble. Mu wy” ges ° NAYS i4.87 through 4.90 For te bar indicated, determine (a) the filly plastic moment M,, PROBLEM 439 (@ iheshage fir ofthe cos secon , y (499 Bar of Prob. 435 Tt soLurIon . To Fron PROBLEM 4.85" E = 294108 psi ancl Gy = 42 lesa | Sin imal bo eee R, = GA, = 42 BKB) > 378 kip Yr bs ens = 8.0m = eR A ANGUS) = 378 hip exis 7 a Ya? EUS) = 0.75 in = ae coe (Gy: Mp = 2CRy, + Bye) > £[G7e)2.0) +(878M 0.752] = 2885 Kip-in = @) T= Pbhr+ Ads = £(sMeP + (sXaKXey = 87.75 in T= dbhs = § (6S = 18.9 nt 0 Ty= I, > 27.75 ia it Te T4d+K = 188.5 in” er 4S in ni ~ SL, (uzlis8.5) ae vc Mys Ae SAS = 1154.3 kip in f] M, 2835 a u ke ie * Tas eu ia q U i UPROBLEM 490 ‘| SE te a ke t & 5 ‘in 487 through 4.90 For the bar indicated, determine (a the filly plastic moment My (©) the shape factor ofthe cross ston, 490 Bar of Prob, 4.86 SOLUTION From PROBLEM 4.86 E* 29x10 and Gy = 42 ksi. Ry = GA, = HAVENS) = 756 kip Yr bSahs + 3.0m Rx GA, = HANNS) = 184 kep Ya? ECS) > 0.75 in = > Mp = 2CRy, + Rye) ® R[CIS680487%0.751] = 48ITS kyin &) J, bbb 4 Aad a in = K(X + X8%5)" = 175.8 tbh = ACs © cw it Ty > J, 2 195.5 ta? I-T+Lek cz aS in My = St = nasns) = 3384 ks. = 357.75 int ke Me = 4825 2 gas =< My 3334¢- 34.91 and 4.92 Determine the plastic moment M, ofa ste! beam of the cross section PROBLEM 491 shown, assuming the stel to be elastoplastic witha yield strength of 240 MPa. SOLUTION Tstal area A= (50090) ~(30)(30) = 3600 mm* 0 ge AF 1800 mm” cee ie = 3A, 1300 | Soccer bie iieotanase. me SO &_,| R—| A, = (60)(86) = 1800 met Y= 18 mms AY, = 32.4 10* mm oa # : a R 4 ke No Aye (S0)CIH) © 700 me, Fp = 7mm Aye = 49 10% nm? mone Ag= GoN(20) = 600mm, Fy 24mm Ay yy 7 VE IOS am? (ezai Ags (5010) = S00 me, Gye YA am Aaja 7 24.5% 10° ment ANY Aaya + Ange + Ane = 79-2710 mm = 79.2 «107% mi? Mp = Gy ZAsj, = (RH0m10*N(79.2%10°°) = 19. 008x10% Nem = 10) Nem me see) #24 (rece fo Tosco) lees4331 and 492 Determine the plastic moment M, ofa steel beam ofthe cross section PROBLEM 492 shown, assuming the stec! to be elastoplastic with yield strength of 240 MPa. 10h SOLUTION = Tota) aren A= (25 Mie) + @IGOMS) = 950 me ee aaa x2 dA. WS = 23.15 mm = 0.02875 m ui = (290¥10°Y(0.025)(0.010)= GOvio* NV t R= t ye LIBIS + GIS wo = 0.00615 m A, a oy Ry = ByA, = (2¥0r10%(0.020)(0, 01125) = S4x0" N = 4 (0.0185) = 0.005625 m axis * Ry = GyAy = Gtories )(0.010\X(0.02395) = 4x0 N Ys = 4x = 0.011875 » Mp = RY + Beye + Rye = (Gorto* (0, 00628) + 1.54108 X0.005625)+ (14 x 10°X0.011875) = 2.039541 Nem = 2.03 kNom =<4.93 and 4.94 Determine the plastic moment M, PROBLEM 4.93 shown, assuming the stee! 1 be elastoplastic wit = #8 jeosusournon my [od Total ven A =(1. 110.9) 4 (0.61.2) # Lad int CT SA = 0.72 in® pe leita Wie Oser enter jalan Nevted axis Hes 2 in below the top a be res A. 4A = 0.18 in ary ACR) = 0.6 in B A= aA = O7in , YER (O4) = OR in Mp* 6yCAy, + Ady.) = (36 [(0.72 (0.6) + (0.72 0.20] = 20.7 kip-in ae PROBLEM 4.94 stovor sting el ob caspase wnbastatonengh oe ESL), soumon oe tied Total area? Ae G44 (8) +@GY= 4S int kt ot tin ZA= 2.25 in 2 A, = 2.00 iw Wt O75, Ay, 7 SO iw Ag O85 in -Yy2 0.25, Aay, > 9.0625 nF Ags 12S in) Yu 1.25, Ay = |eseas iw Ayr Loo in, Fu =275, — Agjy> £75 in? Mp = GCA, + Aaja + Aste + Aaje) = (BO(1.5040.0625+ LS6IS+ZIS) = 2ULS Kipin =PROBLEM 4.95 435 A thick-walled pipe of the cross section shown is made ofa steel that is assumed. to be elastoplastic with a yield strength 0}. Derive an expression forthe plastic ‘moment M, of the pipe in terms of, cp, and op SOLUTION ® Detat A, PR = £ i GO? aS AW = Aye Ae : A, *(BSYAB) - Bet AS) = (cfc) PAY = E(cP- 2) Mp? GCA, +A.) = S6(cP-c,8) = 136. Dosiin plac mame Hof acai jp fe oom aon PROBLEM 4.96 ‘shown, knowing that ¢, = 60mm, c, = 40 tam, and 0, = 240 MPa. sono See the solution + PROBLEM 4.95 for derivation of the Following expression for Mp. Mp= $6,(c? -¢3) G = 240 MPa = 240x/0% Pa C= GO mm > 0.060 m Cy = HO mm + 0.040 m = £ (240 »10% )( 0.060° - C.040") = 48.64 w10" Nem M = 486 kN me Oao 4.97 and 4.98 For the beam indicated a couple of moment equal tothe flly plastic PROBLEM 497 moment M, is applied and then removed. Using a yield strength of 240 MPa, y ‘determine the residual stress at y= 30 mm. ‘437 Beam of Prob. 4.83 a SOLUTION pe | comm Mp = 8.G4 kNem (See solution te PropLem 4.87) tom. lM Me : don! ots Mey 2 MS Ut ys + 50mm 240 MP. 360 HPs, p> MPa, LOADING: UNLOADING RESIDUAL STPESSES 1, (B6412* (0.030) . 6’: “Toso? 7 360%10" Fa Gus = S'- Gy = 860%(0°~240r10% = 120%105 Pe = ROMPa ww427 an 498 Forth beam noted cupe of momen cal the Bly atic \ i moment M, then removed. “Using a yield strength of 240 MPs beuemmeetaee determine the residual stress at y= 30 mm. i e i‘ 4.98 Beam of Prob, 4.84 T SOLUTION 20 am ic] | 2ofm BIC KN-m (See SoLUTION te PRogLem 4.88) P| afm I= 706.67 «107 me, C+ 0.030 m f M, £ pee pe] ae Be baa Mes¥ . Mee yf yre. mm pean 8.16 ¥103 (0,080 = 346.4 x10" Pa 706.67 #10" BAGH Pa, 106.4 MPa u LOADING DNLOAD ING RESDUAL STRESSES 1 ! Gres = 6'- Gy = 346.4 x10%- 240>/0% = 106,.4x10 Pa = 106.4 HPa me |499 and 4.100 For the beam inicted scope of moment equal othe fly plac. PROBLEM 499 moment i api an then omoved. Usa yd snenginot ft das the read aver ay = 4. tn 4 499° Beam of Prob. 4.85 ob SOLUTION 1 t s—tite | ab Mp = 2835 kipin (See souvtion & prosiem 4.89) i fT 18S int) es 4S in C use LS Kasia Me > the In 6’ fags > ae \U I Hales 67.7 ks: E 25.7 kei LoAD ING: LOADING RESIDUAL STeesses Gwe = 6'- 6 = 627-42 = 257 ksi ~4.99 and 4.100 For the beam indicated a couple of moment equal to the fly plastic PROBLEM 4.100 ament M, is apolied and then removed. singed ° : omer Maplin hen ‘Using eld steagh of #24, deternine | “4100 Beam of rob. 4.96 7 in. I | * SOLUTION * eL “t Mp F 4819.5 kip-in (See SotuTion to PRogieh 4A0)| i oe } 4 I= 357,78 in*, or4S in | asin] | Lise fat Ta 2 Muy _ Mpc e i} oar ca fee ie a) +, (4317.sM4S) : q o' = (aia. sy > 60.62 ksi I { qi 42 ksi > 0.62 ks: 18.62 ks! ul A. | mI ae 7 Uy ] LOADING UNLOADING RESIDUAL STRESSES (] Gu > G'- 6, = COGR-42 > 18.62 ks a Oufee eec eee alee are am PROBLEM 4.101 | . | [40mm | fit ana 4102 vending couple i epi tote bar inde, casing lai ‘thick to develop atthe top and bottom of the bar. After the couple has ‘removed, derminc (the reid suesoaty™= 30 mm (6 the pont whee the residual stress is zero, (C) the radius of curvature corresponding to the permanent deformation of the bar 4101 Bar of Prob. 4.83 SOLUTION See Solution to PROBLEM 4.83 for bending coupde and stress distribution during Poading. M = B82 kN Yr = WOme = 0.010 m E = 200 GPa, 6 = 240 MPa T= 72010" m" © = 0,030 » 1 Me, (83210*(0.08) _ ee @) 6 = > + 730710" BH6.Tx1o* % = 346.7 MPa ~ My . (B.32xle*.010) et ee cic ? io NS.6 x10 Pas 115.6 MPa At y= S Ge =6'-O,* 346.7 - 240 = 106.7 MPa - At y= yy Ges = O"-Gy + 1S.6 - AHO = 12H MPa 2H MMe. 346.7 MPa, 106.7 MPa, Ey = 124.4 MPa, ae = 1247 MPa BOM 106.7 MPa. LOADING BNLOADING RESIDUAL STRESSES 3) Pn 6 = 0 IG 720%15" MAMOM10*) 95.79 415%m + 20.7 Pm $42 x10" © My= ws = Fy ae ans. Yo 2-20.77 mm 0, 20.77 mm att Gres = 124-4 * 10% Pa pr Bt = (goonpr(o.o10) = 124.4 x/O* 16.08 m —“L101 and 4102 A bending couple is applied to the br incated, casing plastic PROBLEM 4.102 zones 20-nm tick o develop athe op an ton ofthe bar. Afr the couple bas : Screen) heroin arty 30 mn) pe vee ‘Sloat sues fo aro (©) le rads of eurvatte corresponding W the permanent deformation of the ber. eee “4102 Ber of Prob. 4.84 8 2. 5 a + : 389.6 MPa ny My, (8.001108 1(0.010) = ere oe yO 06-67 «10; 113. 2%10° Pa = 118.2 MPa At yee Ge = O'S = 3376 - 240 99.6 MPa _= DRY? Ye Gms FE" Gy + 118.2 - RIO F ~1R6.B MPa owea 384.6 MPa, ake MPa by = 126.8 MPa ae ay 26.8 MPa 996 MPa Loapine DNLOADING RESIDVAL STRESSES b) Get OO * ao - 6, 7° ~ 16e _ (7o6.67xloV ‘24orjo") _ sg Air aalitl Zoo vibe = AVRO > * AZ mm ane, Yo = RLRmm,O, IER men -_ © At yt yr Gras 7 — 126.8 10° Pa EY sp - Ex ~ (zooxto*o.ore) - Aes POS > Tae axt0* 15.77 teas£103 and 4.104 ‘A bending coupic is applied tothe bar indicated, causing plastic as been PROBLEM 4.103, nes in thick develop atte top and ttm ofthe bar, tr te removed, determine (2) the residual stress at y = 4.5 in, (8) the points where te 4 esidual stress is zero, (c) the radius of curvature corresponding tthe prance deformation ofthe ba, ae ‘4103 Bar of Prob. 4.85, I LUTION e | a, SOLUTION an See SOLUTION to PROBLEM 4.BS fur beveling couple avd LF stress distribution during foading ised bt} bio fae MF 2646 kigein Yer Sim E = 29%10% psi= Zxto™ ksi Gt 4Q ese I = 188.5 in® ct 4S in to Me 2 Guan © : ee arr 188-5 blest os My 2 (2640S) 2 ghoe pss eee Ay =O Gyr OG 68.17 FR RIT kee ~ At 9 yy Gag? OG 21.06- YQ = - 20.94 kee WRI 63.17 ksi BAT ks’ = 70.94 se a = 20.94 ksi Rit? KS Loapine UNLOADING RESIOVAL STeESSES, ) Gyro 8 te 7 & = 1G 188.5 1(42) 5 : : : in Ye mM R646 Ante ons, Yor 2992 im, 0, 2.992 in me © = 2094 ksi o:--. pr Se - Grits) . 2077 in 20.94 = 173.1 4 -_=4103 and 4106 A bend 8 applied othe ba PROBLEM 4.108 aime an kt develop tc op snd Soto ot tr. Alt the coups ben y Tesla seat, () ets feature conespanding he permet | Ss oh 4104 Bae of Prob, 4.86 atta [ab souumioN SE See seLvTiON te PROBLEM 4.86 Sir hencling couple and P steess distribution isnt bo basin Sie, M = 4725 kip. in Ye 2 bS in E = 2410 psi = 24x108 ksi Gy = 42 ksi i a I = 387.75 in ct AS in \ ' 42 Me , (473545) _ ee I) (a) 6's Ne, ae OF SHS | ne Myr @ (4725.52 7 1 s ape see 19.81 ksi | Ab oyre Gwe = 61-6, = SEIS 4R © ITS kee _= | AY yt ye Grn = O"- Ge 19. BE 4 F = 22.19 est | Waka SAH Si Yas war ii | th RAND Ki | + 7 [}} 22.19 ker fe a17.4g eee LOADING UNLOADING RESIDUAL STRESSES t Gyro + Me. sro ii I - 18% _ (3sn.1s WR) : a ele ae eae aereaas B.1B in | | ens. Yo = - 318m, O, 218in we | ©) AR yt ye, Sas - BRI ksi ah \ ~-£&y : Sue yiie((agvion)Gie ete i mi 6--f 2s pr 2 ee 1960 iw | = 1684 me a |PROBLEM 4.108 ratte pbytvo tuple ofmomart My Aer be supes we toyed Gerad rela ofeach ba rie dpa cunenae ot Se tera the oat cfd show tae ral of sens Niaton 7 Glanaelng| a See (2) Pr 2 py) 3X py. souvTion ae Bel me dm (1-34) Let m demte ft m= aa . 40-&) Bit 3am eee eM pM ie fe PE Pp ee eg L - I EF “ent 4406 Aiba of ecgler aos secion i ade i at asd wieimepiote Demtngby Sr Teopedively, the bening moment and meme Scene eee gears Se non acca engcmaioman sour 2: M ee 7 if at wo fe Be, me aM ($8) bet me Ha hae m= = 30-sf) f = 13- am = 0.70711 P= 70711 Pr ' -_ 2 bom 2 i-m yet . Lee RET * PU Pr © 0:77 py Fe Pa = 6.09 py ~4-106 A solid bar of rectangular cross section is made of « material that is assumed PROBLEM 4.107 to be elastopastc: Denoting by My and py, respectively, the bending moment aed adlus of curvature a the onset of yield, determine (a) the radius of cuvature whee couple of moment I= 1.254; is applied tothe ba, (8) the rads of curvature after the $owRleis removed. Check the results obtained by using the relatioin derived in Prot, 4.105, £107 Solve Prob. 4,106, assuming thatthe moment ofthe couple applied to the ber iit souurion @ Ae ee M=8M (1-58) het ms Bs 10 we Bs 20-38) fi: f8-25 = 0.472) re O.H4721 py -_ _mMy Yo. er Pr‘The prismatic bar shown is made ofa ste! that is assumed tobe clastoplastic PROBLEM 4.108 andforahia E200 Gre Koowing tha rad oftarnre ft bar 2a he acople of momen: = 20 Nin is applied as shown, determine (2) thee ‘strength of ofthe steel, (8) the thickness ofthe elastic core of SOLUTION m= om,(I'-¢#) = 4S2(1-4 2H) > 2982 (1-4) 6 be* (1-4 £8a) wo betsy (1-25) = Cobie equation for 6% Defat E* 200x10" Pa, M420 Nm p= 24m bt 24mm = 0.024m CH gh = Bam © 0.005 m (.saex10"*) 6 [1- ts0%jo" 6,7] = 420 &[ I= 750 x10" 7 = 273.44 x 10% Solving by trial = 292"10° Pa = 292 MPa ~ ©) yr SA: beget F B.SO4HI0'm = 8,504 me thickness of efastic come = Ryy = TOL mm =4.109 The prismatic bar 4B s made ofan aluminum alloy for which the tensile stress- PROBLEM 4.109 stundagimbassbn,Asuning tthe darn he see in compres Jo, detec) herd ocr har hse mum ores Pee i8250mba(O ticcorsponing dae ebebcodng mone Ua oan ek ue Overy end us an appronimat tho of ineration) SOLUTION (ral cee aa aI (a) Gl 250 MPa = 250xI10° Po Ent 0.0064 Fron cone 260 C = th = 30mm = 0.080 m 2 10H fo = YO mm = 0.040 m | i ee “ 000% ¢aio Be SS = 90068 6g 21393 we | pt hE = Ae () Strain distvibvtion & = -Om% = -E,.0 where or Zt Bending cove M =f yobdy = ze(yleld, * 2bc s bist do = 2bet J whee the integral T is gives by S) ulel do Evaluate T using 0 method of numevcad integration. IF Simpson's Yule is vied, the integretion formosa ts I gs @S worst where wis a wertig Rete, Using AU = 0.25 we get the values given in the tide below qi 0.25 |0.0016 OS |0.0032 0,25 |0.0048 1.00 |o.0064 Twos J = A802) 2 161,25 Pa + 101.45 +104 Pa Mz @V(0.040)(0.080)*(1ol. 2510") = 7.29 x10" Nem = 7.29 km me |)ies) ( Y 4.110 For the bar of Prob. 4.109, determine (a) the maximum stzess when the radius value oft (b) ‘0050010 PROBLEM 4.118 of curvature of the bar is 3m, (b) the corresponding: the bending moment. (See connaiy bint given in Pro. 4.108) u — SOLUTION, ae et @) P= 3m, C* 0.080mm= 0.080 m a be 4Omm = 0.040 m 00} HstEiOsObarts Hl Tet én° 3 $ 0.010 From curve 6,7 27S MPa. - 100 Stwin distbvtion & = Ew = BU where vee Bending couple Mf yobdy = 2b{ yloldy + 2bctS wiside = 2bct r where the integned T is given by J visi dv Evaluate T using a method af numeria? integvation. vode is used, the integration formuda fs gs @ EF wos LE Simpson's where w is a wecdhig Retr, Using Av = 0.25 we get the valves given in the tide below: v | et_| etn) viele w | wolel nr ° ° ° ° T oO 0.25 | 0.0025 160 4o 4 leo Os 0.0050} aS 127 2 asd O.1S | 0.0015 Wee 1994.5 + 198 1.00] 0.0100] 275° as t ams” 1437} —Zwolel JF dons vie) = 123.9 MPa 123.9 »10* Pa. M = (210.040) (0.080)°(123,.9x10%) = 8.92%/0" thm = B92 kKN-m4.111 The prismatic bar 4B is made of a bronze alloy for which the tensile stress PROBLEM 4.111 stn lage shown, Asning ba he oc dag tse compreen ‘sin the maximum stress in the bar when the radius ofcurvature Sti bar 100 ns ae caropg a oe og (Gee hint Biven in Prob, 4.103. SOLUTION @) PROM, b*O.Bin, 6 0.6 in. eC EOs grt En G7 To” 7 7008 [ AA From the curve Cue 43 ksi = Dom 0008 = (b) Strain distv’bvtion — & es En © 8.0 whee ue Ze oS 8 88 8 Bending covple M=-(yebay = uf olay « abet § u)elae = 2b T \ySbdy = 2b\y ys abo loo ly = Zoe where the integra? T is gives by Si ulel do Eveduate T using a method oF numeriad integvation. IF Sinpton’'s wode ic uted, the integration formuda it oT: 25 woe! where wis aweipdtig Retr, Using AU = 0.25 we get ul He valves given im the tlle below! : v te} | lel, ksi] v lel, bse | w | wo iol, ksi ° ° ° ° ' ° 0.25 | 0,001) 25 eas [4 2s 0.5 | 0.003 | 36 18 a 3¢ | 0.75 | 0.00451 40 so 4 20 1.00 | 0,006 | 48 wae | 43 i wat v_| tet [tet ksi | vist ker | w | wo lel, kee ° oO. fo ° i oO 0.25 | 0.002% 32 3. 4 32 OS | 0,004 38 9 2 38 0. 0,006 43 32.25 4 129 1.0 | 0.008] 4s | 45 | WS eae]: de (o.asXa4t) = 20.33 ksi M= (2)(0.8)(0.6 (20.38) = 1.7 kip- in4.113 A prismatic bar of rectangular cross section is made of an alloy for which the PROBLEM 4.113 stress-strain diagram can be represented by the relation, €= ko" for o> 0, and €= ka" for 6<0. ifa couple M is applied tothe bar, show that the maximum stress is. 1+2n Me pss om 3n 1 GF] ons Strain distribution € =-Bnt = -E, 0 where ved Bending couple ‘ ; me Cy 6 by = 2b{ ylsldy > 2be' | 2161 = abe" ( vis! do For €=K6", ene KGm £ eu c(Ey = lols out Then M= abet ( UG, ubdy = esl o* oy = abe 6, Ul Za pete . 2£o+l M_ 6 AE 2 Pes Recah Es bY. Zpct 2 He 8E 6, > 4att Me ar tT4.114 A prismatic bar of rectangular aoss section is made of a lly Sr which he PROBLEM 4.114 Peart apripnin ‘elation «= ho ire . tppled oe bar show tthe maim sens A Rowe Mie fa Me meee Oa SOLUTION Strain dstribution € =-Bnd = -E,0 where ved Bending couple me = yoby = 2b fo ylidy = 2be'[ Zio = 2be'(' ule} du For e= KE", et KG £euzlEy = ile out Then m= abet ( uG,udy = | = abe, Bl + 20 bere os yt Recar? Es fbGcY. Zp 2 pe- Ze Sn = Bt HE with n=3 6, Pep Ms. Fes118 Determine testes at points and? PROBLEM 4.115 (604EN loads aze applied at points 1 and 2 only 0k Is abh* = c= 120 mm AAA Gr-£- SOLUTION (2) Loading is dentwre. P= 180 kN = 180x10°N A = (OY(QH0) = 21.6 410% mm = 2G IO" At Kad 6=-£ 210M" - 3133 viot Pa 33.MPo =< Wb) Eccentvie foading P= 120 kKN= 120x10" = (60x10 (1 x10") » 2.0 x10" Nem HF (40X20) = 103,68%)0% mm" = 103.68 x10% mn" = 0.120 m 2 ROH _(9,0-210°V0.120) * Pa = Me 2 fone “tele = - 15.97 x/0* Pa =-1597 MPa MB G- Eo Me «one (.0-10° 00.20) 4.864108 Pa = 4.96MPa wt n.exts * 108,68 x10* 125 Determine the respi and, forte loading sown, 8) ithe PROBLEM 4.116 (604 loads are applied at points 2 and 3 ae kN 508 150mm. 60kN 150) SOLUTION ) Loading is centre P= 180 kN = 180%/0°N = GOW RIOY= ZLGHLOS mm #26 21T* on™ Ap Aad BOS 8.33% 10% Pa = + 8.83 MPa at (2) Eecewtie Poading P= 160 kN = GO-»10"N a M= (Como )(isoxio*) = Gox1c® Nem Lz dbh® = d(a0Wade)® = 103.68» 108 mm = 103.68 4/05 m* Ce Womn = 120m 2 3 MA Ge-B-Me = Samet, - (orto Moe) = 19, s4si0f Pe = = 13.19 MPa at NB Gee-Pa Me = gerter , (GonteP Nos 1e4Jo*Pa = 7.04 MPa = Rcxio® " [08.68 ioec (seed (rece ge Cee Peeee eee Coren aoe) Bri0* | @ed(o.ta) _ eo itat orto) S4sevior? 7 89-6 ¥IO"Pa= 80.6 MPa me ‘4.117 Koowing thatthe magstude ofthe horiasaal fre Pls BAN, deta stress at (2) pot 4, () point B. eres SOLUTION A= (80024) = 720 mm = 720210 m* @ = AS ~12 = 33mm = 0.085 m Tis bh > Hso)24)8 = 34.56 ¥108mmet BUS HI nt Gr Bima t O.I2m P= 8riotv M= Pe =(8x10*X0.083) = 264 Nem 2B MO. Geio® (2690.12) MA Gr Ro Boe oat” Hee $1028 rtof Pa 2102.8 MPa we ols “A118 The vertical potion ofthe press shown consists of rectangular tube having ‘val hiciness = 3 i. Knoing thatthe reat hs ben tightened unt 6 ips ‘etermine the stress (a) at point 4, (8) at point B. SOLUTION tet in, Pr 6 kips A= (3) ~ (2X8) = cin® T= kMaIS- A(2¥3)* = ILS int Cr Zin, eFlosg se id in. Me Pe = G2) + 72 kip-iw (7a@), : -_< UE) = 18.52 ksi a. : ~< al = 11.52 ksi“G8 The vee pti ft po shown esos ofa reangulr bering n! PROBLEM 4.119 a ‘awall thickness #~ } in. Knowing thatthe pres has been tightened until P= 6 kips, Uj determine the stress a) point 4, (8) point Oo } 4.119 Solve Prob. 4.118, assuming thatthe wall thickness of the vertical portion of | Th in tepresisr=# | r SOLUTION a it ba Rectangodar cutout is 2¢ in 3h in. _ Kanto} Seams A= GVH) ~ @25U8.25) = 4.6875 in? [ ) = KOMP baz Va2sP = 9.5685 in? | Cz Rin, © 10427 Ring Me Pe = G12) = 72 kip: iv i | } S 2)@) Ee @) &> Bs YS gle t= tee as ~ [ | ) G2 B- MS =yhe - GASP = - rata = i PROBLEM 4.120 4.120 As many as three axial loads each of magnitude P = 50 «N can be applied to | i the end of a3¥°43-27 rolledstee shape. Determine the stress at point 4, (a) for the | loading shown, (8) if toads are applied at points 1 and 2 only. n| som f oan, W 200% 31.3 Ue SOLUTION | Oni | i For W 200%31.3 rolled steel shape A= 4000 mm = 4.000%/0"> c2gd= £QI0)= 105 mm = O05 m | Te 314 2106 mm? = 31.4 x10 Sm (@) Centric foud BP = So +50+50 = 150 KN= 1SD*/0* N = 6 > -#.- RHO, = +875 10" Pa > - 87.5 MPa. -~ tb) Eccentric Poading Ft BO mm = 0.080 m 2P = 504502 100 KN = 160x107 M= Pe = (S0x103)(0,080) = 4.0 x/0* Nem | 2 BP _ Me . _ soon? _ (onio%o.s) _ < j & A TS Rove ~ “srwwiore 7” 984HIO" Pe | i i Gal = - 38.4 MPa -_isaeaaa eee (| ani sean see stl ode ach of magne P= $049, can be applied PROBLEM 4.121 {the end of a tat rolled-stee! shape. Determine the stress at point 4, (a) for the Ieding shown, (0) ilo ar applied pots and one ROurraL W 200% 31 For a W 200%31.3 rolled steel shape A = 4000 mm* = 4.00 x)079 © tae AIC) = 10S mm + W10Fm TF 31H x 10% mt = 31.10% mo @) Centric foacding BP = 50460450 180 kW = |SOxI0°N 6+ ~ $F 2 BPO. Lan sviot he = = 325 MP = ©) Eccentrie fossling = BO mm > 0.080 m M = Pe > (S0x/0*)(0.080) = 4.0x/ot Nem a ~38 Me. ~ deoxlo® , Gowo o.105) dono’ "S14 x70 teeta 62 MPa =e “12 a eet ted ee ald dt 8 of cet & PROBLEM 4.122 Knowing thatthe maximum stress after the exceed four : times the suet inthe vod when was sgh dra hee a 4 For centric foading = g [So For eecertric Ieading 6+ Bs Phe Given Ge = 4G . . pe Sh, Ga Phe sR. ys SE Gast fd-ossd -«en ll ree na need na tube of 18mm outer diameter ee PROBLEM 4.123 2mm wall thickness. rice = maximum stress afr theoffiet I introduced 0 ftp cee ees eine hen we sa ee ] ‘ largest fst that canbe } SOLUTION Ag = de REF IB-2) = 14 mm Orde = Imm iat A= F-d2)2 Bla 4)? 100.53 mnt : T= Bat ds) 2114") 3.2678 0108 am? ca For centme donding 6. = Ey For eccentric Aosding 6,2 £4 Bhs Giver = 462 Bs Bees 4P . Bea gh he BE . (3'3.20782108) aie tena ie CA * Ciieo.say «I 83 me ae | ) PROBLEM 4.124 Detemin eet cps ar ns its? = i Sppled as shown the contr of te tp secon ofthe aber ia) te colar ke ; EL 12kips described, (6) plank | is removed, (¢) both planks are removed. ie SOLUTION 1 V2 keps, \2 kips 12 key i | | a “PF _ ft : i Hl (ol ‘a n U f () © | R (2) Centric Poad Hine Win cross section = A» (4) 16 int 5 eee ya : Ul Ge g 4B = - 0.75 kes ~ no tb) Eccestere dowsing: Yin *3i9 cross section A> (4NG3)= 12 in® af c= ($a) © 1.5 in @= 1S-10 © OSin 1 Te bw £OS = 9 int os -B-Pes 12 WUKOsWus) 2 2 90 bs; ©) Conme fordingt Fin. Qin cross section AZ WNRD= 8 in® | .-2 aa = = 150 ket _‘cm foro foe secede ces ceeeedt 4 Peeee] EE cael: oa I eed ee comer eee PROBLEM 4.128 Mala, Tg res show ar ple to ari plate supported bya tec pine of F = 480x0%+P | M = (0.090)(1g0x10")~ (0.090 P= 13,5¥15*~ 0.09 P = EL Me , US 011)4P _ (13.5103 - 0.07P (0,070) APA & cA z O34» fo"? 8.679 *107* = -145.61% 106 + 481.08 P = = 100%)0% 2 P= 24.8010" N — ~ Lasone+P , (W3.5x10%~ 0.08P (0.070) MR Gyn -R oe ep ee = 12 18S"10* ~ 970,75 P= =jo0x108 = P= 177, 3x08 W 94.8 kW < P © 177.3 kW = “1 ae ig plate * PROBLEM 4.126 1Soemui duncan net Gamer Decbacoeea ea a Fe ALA Based on stress Dinits at A WB kN < P¥€ 303 kv MB 150x107 4 P, M = (0,090)(iSono*) - 0.040 P = 13.6x10°- 0.08P Gre Oe Ger 7215S lot ~ 970.75 P = Oo Pr 74.3%10°N Bered on stress Limits at B Based on comprenve sees it hihe docrie bogs tahoe ee SOLUTION Az Elat-at)= Flite’ 120*)= 4.08¢st0% me © 4.084 91d? wt Te EGQt-de“)= Zliso% 120") 8.619 108m > 3.5740 10S om © PALF TOmm = 0.070 m ‘alucs of P for which all sesss inthe pipe are compressive and les than 100 MP, SOLUTION A= Edo -d2)* Elite’ act) 4.084 110 met = 4.084 #107 am T= Rays)» F(i4o'- 120")+ 8.674 fo mm = 8.6791 C= $de * 70mm = 0.070 m E _ Me ,_(soxto*)+P _ (18.$4 108 - 0.09 PM(0.070) A I 4084 wIOs 8.679 x10°* 7148.61 10% + 481.03 P = -looxlot 2 P: 94.89 N 145.6) x/0% + 481.03 P ° P= 303 x10? N E , Me _ _ (ison V+P , (18.5x10*~ 0.09 P) (0.07) ATT Ropero? 8.079 x10" 72.185 x10° - 970.75 P 100 x jo* P= 177.310" N 4.3 kWs P< 177.3 kv both Dimes WB kNE P< 177.3 kN ~( ma ii 4.127 Ailing operation was wed o remove portion of solid bar of square cross section. Kacoving tht a= 1.2 in d= 0.8 in, and Og = # Ki, determine the largest ‘magni ofthe forces that can be safely applied a he centers ofthe ends ofthe ber, > sournon Qe Azad, I=qodS ead s+ cB Mes 5 aeee o:&+3hG) = xe = + BG) Bj.2-0.8) _ nee K = ag “cae * Gayoay + Glance) = 2.604 in Pe B= 8 = 3.07 kips ea PROBLEM 4127 4128 A milling operation was ued to remove a potion of solid bar of square cross = PROBLEM 4.128 section, Forces of P = 4 kips ae applied atthe centers ofthe ends of the bar. Koowing tat a=1.2 in. andoy=Bhsi, determine the smallest allowable depth ofthe milled portion ofthe rod. SOLUTION . Azad, Lad’, ortd 7 or fete. £y es H+ Eheatd . E+ SPle-d) 2 ae or oats Pa -3P20 Siig fon 8 d= def YER HBS” - 22 d= aia) (RET (ren ~ 4g} = 6.371in, <4129 Thee del ples, cach of» in cos secon ar ode pte 1 fem PROBLEM 4.129 force P, (a) which could be applied 1 the original column, (6) which can be applied to the modified column, SOLUTION @) Cemtyic Doading A= (BME) = 18 in 6 =f o PHGCArUS8) = 270k We) Eccentuie Joud ing Reduced cress section Ayiet| So, in| A¥oy in ZAR ©) 6 | 35 | ao a @| ¢ ° ° seule @| # |-35 [-14.0 * 0.4378 in z| 16 7.0 The centroid Pies 0.4875 in from the midpoint of the web T= ECON + CC 3.0625)" = 56.773 int Tae AUG P+ ()(o.4375)* = 19.148 in” Ty ROMS 4 (4)Ca9375)* = 62.347 in” 2 ete, * 138.27 int, ct 4.437F in = Pe- where @= 0.4375 in o+-B- Me -B+ Be o- Ke Koz a SE = ey (Oe) = 9 onesay in* pe -£ e -gita = (196-0 ips ~PROBLEM 4,130 bape dd ya or ae ied to the element, (b) the comesponding, Given: Centroid ofthe cous section is at C and /, ~ 4195 mt ‘6mm alameter st lenenertl| SOLUTION q nd ea Talbmm| — Sectonew L13.12—eleio.ss 2 (a) A= (Sib) + EO = 92.27 = 82.2710. m* = 49S mm’ = BIAS Io m* © = IRI mm = 0.0182 Mm Baser on temside stress at y= 18.12 mm + - 0.01812 m o= f+ fee. (ps ype ke ge. (0.01312 Y(o,01912) _ ee I wae * Ras IO" Ce ee ee ae saat N > 24M () Location nevtred axis, ° >P_My . aye k Soars e z KR = GBT mM = 8.8T mm \Co-o1si2) The nevtved ous Pies 2.84 vim te the wight of the certrord or 17.01 mn fe the wight of the fine of action of He Pods. 4.130 A steel rod is welded to a steel plate to form the machine element shown. lowable stress AiPa decrmin (oe age fice Pt Toston of be eal ws y jam ean| jen co4.131 Knowing thatthe allowable stress is 150 MPa in section a-a ofthe hanger PROBLEM 4.131 shown determine (a) the largest vertical force Pthat canbe applied t pont 4, (2) the ‘corresponding location ofthe neutral axis of section a-a SOLUTION Locate centvoid Aymm | Josmm |AJoom| 2° SAY, @| 1200 | go |aerot] %o* a @| 1200 | we | saxso® = lapse? ¥ Zl W090 120% 10 atest e . 20pm 60 mm The centroid Pies SO mn to the right of the a el Ach edge of the section : z ton Bending couple Mz Pe. sections @ 7 40 450 = JOum = 0.070 m = & Go Veo) + 1200020" = 840% 10% mm" Ty = 4 (60)(20} +(1200)(20)* = 520 x 10% mn" T= T+ 1, = 1.360% 10% wm" = 1 360"107'm! A= 2400 X10 * m™ () Based on tensile stress at Peft eye: — y = -S0mm = -0.050 m oe: £-fey - Kp eee _ @.090)-0.050) _ coe Ki Ro PY aeons Taree 7 S710 we Ps S - JOH. yo.gn1o N * 40.3 kN -~ (b) Locetion of neutral axis ? C20 I 1.360 #1076 Z I" RE * Gaweo vio \(o.070) ~ The neutral avis Mes 6.30 mu to the right of the centvord ofr S630 mm from He Deft edge 6.30 *107 m= 6.30 mm =4.131 ‘Knowing thatthe allowable stress is 150 MPa in setion aa ofthe hanger PROBLEM 4.132 shown, determine (a) the largest vertical force P that can be applied at point A, (0) he ‘corresponding (acca ee aa) Tocaon of te neural xt of secon on wean maetaiemtan | SOLUTION z Locate centred I jules a ie Agme'| Yo,mn| Aj sme] 5 Ay, | ®| i200 | 30 | Sexi °° TA @| zoo | 70 | 84xI0* = 1ox10% ZI 2400 120 x Jo? ae The centyoid fies SO mn to the wight oP the DeH edge of the section. fl = SO mam fi 0 Bending couple M= Pe \ FSO 120 © ~70 mm © ~0.070 m | Ty= FROM OY + (200 V(R0)* = BHD KIO mont Taz r(G0)@o}?+ (1200 )0)* = 520% [08 m* ql T= T,4 I, = 1.360 10% wat = 1.360%/0 m* y A= 2400%10% m* @) Based on stress at Deft edse af section: YF = S0 mu # = 0.050 m | o= g ~ Bes KP al Kk: $- 2-5) £0,072) 0,060) _ = 2.1569 x10 yor ® y i I * “Moonet® "1 Séox (ore * = ©, -1x1ot _ P= B= Tete = 64.6 x0 N u Based on stress of night edge PF section Y = BOmm = 0.030 wn 6: f-fy-. wp Ken Ro > marine ~Apgzelasee) = s.rcoavic® * Pe Ss Heese tes vio wv Choose the smatler value Pe 69.6010'N = 62.6 kN ~ (bo) location of nevtrad ants: Gro \ . ey . c+ f-Beo Wed | (issue) oes) Pd 1.360 » 107 e . pace e Y* RE = Green eycoory = ~ 810 xle%m = ~ 8.10 mm f | Wevtead aris Pies 50> 8.10 > 41.4 wm From DePt edge, ~ U) | 7eed eros | ! 4.133 Knowing tthe camp shown i ermine PROBLEM 4133 inasion a @) hess Po 4) atest p=) oan pe fae! ae SOLUTION _ Locate carne eee ; oF = 0.4739 1 Section a O8in, The centroid Sies 0.4734 in. ahove port dD. : Bending couple Mz Pe | bossa €@ = ~ (4+ 0.8 -0.4737)= ~ 2.826 in T, = (040.16) + (0.064)C0.72 - 0.4739 )* = 4.013 x10 = & (0.16 ota? + (0.1024X 0.4734 -0.$2)* = S42} x1d* in Te T+eI, = %.484x107° int (@) Stress at pomt Az y= 0.8- 0.4737 = 0.3261 in >kimwlP. ~ GS¥-2.5261(0.8261) ae ag = a atte ~ hase (esis!) = GIB «10% por = EIR kes = (b) Stress at poet Di y= 20,4784 in = O.1CEI rH &? ee -w- z ~ Pey = 2S — (7S)-2.3261 )(~ 0.4739) ry Zz Oey $984 #10" = = 7.87 ¥10° poe = 7.87 ksi = ©) Location of neutral avis C0 autem ie EEE te ey or R-P-F-B -0 Hag pe 9.934% 10°¢ ae h Y* fe = oreenyezaaery = ~0-0787 im me The nevbrad axis Dies 0.4989- 0.0257 = 0.448 in, above peint D.PROBLEM 4.134 $234 A vical ce P of ute 20 kp i applied at pit Caton he line of symmetry of the cross section of ‘Knowing that y = 5 in, determine (a) be sess at pint 4, i) de wos a pba 1 Ge endan oP SOLUTION Locate centyoid fart Avia |Y, in [AZ in| os. ZAR Ol] 12 | s 6o 2A: 7% @\| 8s f2 16 = Et SB in Z| 0 7 Fecentwety of doad Ls B@GY scart = Ae AGIAN MOS = T= ]+1, = 57867 int @ = S- 3.8 = Lin 21.28 in 36.587 in® Te ae tha : o (@) Stress at A Gye 3.8in -- 2, Pew. 4 GOY2V38) , : Geen t As 3p RET = OSTC ksi ~ Go) Stress af B Cg 7 6-38 7 AR in + -B_ Pete . 22 _Ron2¥22) - Gar og > Ree + BE -MU) e oa ks: ~ © Location of neste axis G=0 = +b a. . 2224 CS me Sie a] = EL 52867 a OF Re “Gowaay = *4N Neotred axis dies = 1,989 24 in. below centroid or whee point A, 38-2401 1.389 in From: point A me Answer O 2 mee4.135 A vertical force P is applied ata point C located on the line of symmetry ofthe PROBLEM 4.135, ‘ross section ofa short column. Determine the range of values of y for which tensile ‘stresses do not occur inthe column. SOLUTION Locate centroid Eccentricity f toad @ = y- 8B in yre+3s om H AGAP+Carluay® = 2.28 iat ag (2 (4)%4 (2) 1-8) * = 36587 In” Te I+ T+ $2867 int E E, a) ” JP stress of A equeds zero, GF 3.8 in > 2, Pom 5. eo SG -F+ Bao 5 See gE = ok, SRL 9,76) = 0.76143.8 = 4.S6bi e Roa Boyes) 0. is y 0.761 + 3. mn, Lf stress of B equals zero. Cer 6-385 22in Gi -B-Piso < Seep aie 52.867 Ree 7 GoNaay - 1.315 in yrThBiS+3.8 = 2.485 in, e=- Answer: 2.485 in < y < 4.56/ in ~PROBLEM 4.136 “4.136 The four bars shown have the same cross-sectional area. For the gi show that (a) the maximum compressive streascs are in the ratio 45:79, ‘maximum tensile stresses are in the ratio 2:35:3, (Nove: the cross ‘wiangular bar is an equilateral triangle.) souuTIon Stresses ADA & - few fg Gis Ages) MB Bs Poca Aza’, L-wo', QrCe=ta, erga : (@s0XS0)) 2 Lyk 64+ -R(s + isis) = -9g - cus FYE). ag Se) Aereiso se-S, Le#e’ ae 6:-F anc -s = " £ (@QOO. 1) = 3§ -_ Ato c= Bo Ty ta’ ere Ve ‘e) ie) -1£ = ere i) = SE A, HIG) Fs Lye kesh - Hs" aes = Ree Gr 62 ~R (1+ ) = -9£ ~ a= £ (aefinh.). sR - 4 f I owPROBLEM 4.137 e keds &: K 4.137 The C-sheped steel bar is used as a dynamometer to determine the magnitude ‘Pofthe forces shown. Knowing thatthe cross section ofthe bar is a square of side 40 the magnitude P of the forces. Use = 200 GPa. SOLUTION At the strain gage Docation &= Ee = (R000 M4SoH/0) = G0 xjoF A = (eyo. = 1600 met = 1600%10"S m* T= A GOV = 213.834/0% mm! * 213.3310" m* € = 80420 = 102 mm = 0.100 m Ct 20mm = 0.020 m Fo x1De 1.60 x 103 * Teoox10* a ++ KP 213.33 % 10% 9.00 xJON = 7.00 kN =~ 10.00 *J0% m*4.138. short length ofa rolledsteel column supports a rigid plate on which two PROBLEM 4.138 lands P and Q are appli at shown. ‘The strain ato plat tan Boa tcc, lines ofthe outer faces ofthe flanges have been measured and found to be e400 » 10% ini 47 300 x 10 inJin, ‘Knowing that E= 29° 10° psi, determine the magnitude of each load. soLurion Stresses of A and B From strain gages Gy = Bey = (2410-400 n10"8) = ~ 11.6 ¥10* pas Ge = B Sg = (29nl0t }L-S00%s0"* )= ~ 8.74 10% poe Centric force Fs P+Q Bencling couple M=GP-6@ c= Sim --E Me ._P+a , (@P-6ays) aR AT 0 + a ~1L6*10* = + 0.00989 P - 0.209897 @ w 2-£ Me ._Pr@ _(cP-ca ys) Se* ATi los Onan aes: - 8.7 «10° = ~ 0.20984 P + 0.00787 Q @! Solving W) and @) simudtaneousdy P= 442x108 th = 44.2 kps i Q= 57.3% ]0° Hh = S23 kips Afale Tesco et eee ee o 4.138 A short length ofa rolled-sce! column supports a rigid plate on which two PROBLEM 4.139 loads and are pied as shown. The rains a wo pins 4 wn 8 on the center lines ofthe one fs ofthe anges hve been mesic snd found to gx" 400 «10% infin, ‘= 300% 10 infin, Knowing that £39 10" pi, eterine the magnitude of cach Toad 4.139 Solve Prob. 4.138, assuming thatthe measured strains are 5¢= 350 * 10° india, ‘¢9™ 30 104 invin, SOLUTION Stresses at A ond B from stvair gages Sn = Een = (29108) C350 10%) - 10,15 x10" psi G5 = Ee > (29%10¢ )(~S0xjo) = ~ 1. 4Sx)0* psi Centric force FF 2 PQ Bending couple M= 6P-6O cS = -£, Ms .~ Bee , (ep=cans) Sr rat Ty 12.0 278 “10.1SiO* = 0,00989 P ~ 0.20787 Q a) 6: -E-M = - 6P-6aV's) eo HES 14S x10 = -0,209784 P 4+ 0.00987Q (2) ng (1) and (2) simuttaneousdy Pot aarmto* dh = 9.21 kips ~« Q= 4B.8~so% Db = 48.8 kips —4.140 An eccentric axial force P is applied as shown toa steel bar of 25 x 90mm PROBLEM 4.140 cross section. The strains at 4 and B have been measured and found to be en-4350 1 y= 70 Xoowing tn =200 GP, deerine (he vanced (te magi ate res SOLUTION We Se 4S + 30> IO mm be 25mm c= th = tSmm © 0,045 m Az bh =(2SVI0)= 225IF mm™ = 2 25H" wa Te &bY = kGs\a0)® = 1-S187F «10% mm * = 151875 x10% m®* = 60-4S = IS mm = 0.01Sm 7 SHAS =~ 30mm 7 — 0,080 m Ja a Ye Stresses from strain gages of Rand B Ga > Eea= (200%10" (asoxjO%) = 70x10" Pa Gp Eeg= (R00%10" G70 +10" * = - 14 x10" Pa. 6+ £- Me an aero. 6: 2 - te (a) Subtracting G&- Gs - Mune) _ LlGi=6a) _ _ (ng 1ersmio (BHI) SL 7 Me ye = 2885 Nem Mobtiplying @) by Ya and OY by Yo and subtracting Ga Ye = (> WIE 2-25 105°) (0.018 -14 sc" + ¢0.080¢79+10')] 0104s eae ~28 i _ ~ Fir + 0-080 m 30mm et P= TS kim = =4.140 An ccoentric axial force P is applicd as shown to a stecl bar of 25 « 90-mm Peon ety co section, The strains at 4 and B have been measured and found to be 427350 4 2-10 owing that £=200 GPa, determin (2) he stance (the magne of he fe 4.141 Solve Prob. 4.140, assuming thatthe mensured strains are = 1600 ened SOLUTION hh IS¢4S +80 = Fomm ea b = 25mm C= th = YS mm 0.045 m A= bh = (25)(90) © 2.2S10% mn? 225x107 me T= &bh?s FOS X40) = 1.518725 x15 mam" = 1.51825 21 Sm We GOW = IS mm = OOS, yy = 1S = BS = = SOmm = ~0.030 m Stresses from strain gages at Aan! B 6, = Eg = (200%W0')(G00 «jo ) = 120% 10° Pa 65+ Efe 7 (00x io" (4zow 10'S) = 84x10% Pa 6: k- w 6: & - Hye @ Subtracting ,-Sar ~ Mate) m= -2UG-G) » _ Usa to V6 10°) _ 1g 1g Nim anya. 0.045" Modtiphy ing @) by Ya and (1) by Ya and subtracting WSa- Ye = enya F Pe AGG eG), (22snto*TCoois Kemet) Co.0se\(i20 w/o) E ta-Ye 0.04sI 4.102 The she shown was med being thin el ple. Asuming 0 PROBLEM 4.142 sans = sama compara the length ofsieol be ape dace be ses ° Sat SOLUTION Moment « of inertia about centroid aeEe yey = te? Cc a i oe Aven Az (2HtXR) = zat, os i © &>G& = -& - | sce ae coral e a cm (ered eed aE ex)4.143. ‘The cocentric axial force P acts at point D, which must be located 25 mm PROBLEM 4.143 below the top surface of the sce! bar shown. For P= 60 KN, determine (a) the depth dof the bar for which the tensile stress at point is maximum, (6) the corresponding stress at point SOLUTION Wee parce eieds ett e=td-a PB 4 1 Poo ge £ia cretede with vesped to dl. S 1 iatka -2a ed U Gr Efp + ada oe (| (@ Depth a For maxinon S | a. 25-5 + 82 | aa bt a dF 6= 6Ox10% 5 4 - Gas} = 4o%)0" Pa = 4OMPa \ = Horo (Ismet GS Oy } d= 3a = Em — ea 1 c \ {416 The cooic aval force P acts t pint D, which must be focated 25 mm gO PROBLEM 4144 below the top surace ofthe sec ar shown. For P~ 60 RN, determine (2 the depth i i d of the bar for which the tensile stress at point A is maximum, (6) the corres \ ‘stress at point A. 4.144 For the bar and loading of Prob. 4.143, determine, (a) the depth d ofthe bar for which the compressive stress at point B is maximum, (b) the corresponding stress ‘atpoint 3. SOLUTION L 4.2) Ze} - 0 d= Ga = 150 mm -_ Goxios ( iSoxos * (isoxlos}* > 6, = cou § 2 : eee) | =-[0¥/0"Pa = -IO MPa =e4.145 through 4.147 ‘The couple M is applied to a beum of the cross section shown PROBLEM 4.145 ima plane forming an angle with the vertical. Determine the stress et (2) point. Ingplane fing at (a) point 4 (6) . SOLUTION M = 400 Bn T= FCM2 = 5761079 int Ty= &U.ar(od)yt = 6.40 lo int a= Ye = —Yo 7 +8 in Zn > -Za*-Zo = @VWO4) = OZ in oan My = 400 eas 60°= 200 Aria, Mz = = 400 om 60" == 846.4) dhaty @) Gyt- “ee + MyZe 646.41 0,6) , (Qo0Ko2) Y S1érlo® * “6.foxto = G86 x10" psi = 9.86 ky = ) = —Meye , MyZe ~ _@46.4!0(0.6) 4 (2000.2) e) Ge eee Srero tein = = 264 KIM psi = = 2.6% ker = =~ Maye Zo. 8 (-84G4/)(-0.6) 5 (200)(-0.2) Cosas " * S76xlo® + Gaorie® 4 ~ 7.86% (0 psi > ~ 9.86 kei =‘4.145 through 4.147 The couple M is opplied to a beam of PROBLEM 4.146 isaltace entinganegh Bache venta, Dern th sues opt 40) 7 point B, (c) point B, M=208-m [Pp ner i SOLUTION | ae 2 Tye Csr = IBC Ham” = 21B.AS HOT om? 0 won | Tys FGAGY? = 1.36638 710 me" = 1. 3CSEIRIS® wm” ‘o Yat Ya = Ye F Hmm \ Za = -2Z_7 ~Zy 7 Ome ft My 200 cos 30°* 259.8) Nim , aie Boo sinBOo” = 1SO Nem a __) Ze. _isodierio) , (@sn.8i)(Hor10"*) a) ys Tp + gies -paewor™ f } IL 1.36S33%10- © \ -3.37 XJo°Pa = -3.37 MPa = 'O th 416610), (257.81 Ketone") { &) 6 =~" ae aie. SE Ceo \ = /8.60x{0 = = -18.60 MPa = \ | _ Lise Gastal X-4ox10"* ) nO ore Fino Bes%ax10°° ( = 3.37*10°Pa = i MPa = c eos oe ee oe4.148 throngh 4.147 The couple M is applied o a beam of the tomes auy SRR eee tea tia as SOLUTION Flange: T+ i @OSF + (20.5 475)" = 90.883 in” Tys HCS¥e% = 21,393 in" Web: I= iR(o0.3Ka = 19.225 in® T= a le.3% = 0.02025 in* Tetof? I, = (2)(90.883) 4 18.225 = 198.84 in? Ty= @41.383) + 0.020R8T = 42.687 in? WE Wr oh SG Bee H-he Mz, = 250 cos 30° 216.51 Kipein My + -250 sia 30” = IRS Kips iw Mya . (216805) , Gias14) ‘ + Mee Cras Nees @ cz 198.64 uqeay TNT dS kee —< 2 Mave 5 Mie 2 _ (Q1C SIMS) las M4) : Cy Gye - Bs Satcher ee + CBS = G27 ket = oe + Mee _GMESNCS) | Grasyed _ : ©) Gyr Tat tance = (ITIG ks =Lo [O 4.148 throngh 4.150 The couple M is applied to a beam ofthe cross section shown PROBLEM 4.148 {na plane forming an angle f withthe vertical. Determine the: (@) por Se vert stress at (a) point 4, (6) ee SOLUTION M= 10hip in locate centroid ® ® errs ne | The centroid Pies at port © T= kAGY + AGA Ty S@QV 4 FW = chin 4 8B in Nene ya nce Serge Bt te ro4in, Zr 0 M, = 10 cos 20° = 9.3964 kep-in My = 10 si Qo” - 3.4202 kip. in VOD , Gare - 9.321 ksi et et w) 6 ~ tee Mize. = AEBIENIEN) , (ae20064) — 9,107 ksh ~« Ly ’ 6,7- Hae, Mem - = SHERI) 4 Eevae8)CO) = O47 ksi“4.148 through 4.150 ‘The couple M is applied tos beam ofthe cross section shown iat plane fang en angle with the vertical. Determine the stress at (0) pon 4, (6) PROBLEM 4.149 point B (c) point ©. M=O4N in SOLUTION Lz = Hlta0)(Goy? - (102 )GO)S = 1.62667 ¥/08 me” = 1.62667 4/0 mt D lee Ly: KOXno? 3 (wo \Ct00o)® = 5.3067 « 10° mm” = S.8067 4105 lH Yat Ye tT Ye 7 20 mm Zp = Ze =~ Z_ % GO mm M, = (qx10%) sin is? = 9.3294 «10% Nem My = (410%) ces IST * 9.6933 x10" Nem @) 6 =~ Maye, Me. _ B32adrlo® XaonIO*) , (8.6483410°X(60 w/o) i I, ty 1.62667 «1o* 5.3067 © 107% = 55.3 %10% Pa = S53 MPa = (ey =~ Mee, MB. (2.3244 1F Koni") , (8.6988 ni08 G0 ¥15") a 1.62667 10°* 5.8067 ¥ [Om = - HER xtot Pa = - IN MPa « a (2.321418 \C30x15*) 7 (8.698841 (- 60x10") = Mey 4 MyZe ey ze + 4. Caan y 1. 62667 «lore 5. 3067 ¥10"* = -S§5.3 10° Pa = -55.3 MPa _4.148 thromgh 4.150 The couple M is applied to beam ofthe cross section | PROBLEM 4.150 inspite wet Deternine the ses (@) pin 0) ; M = 900 i, SOLUTION Tes Fete) = FB)" = (0,1097S7)(0.8)* = 44.986 x10* in* 0 r= 08m Ly> Bet = Flo.8" = teo.a5xio® jn* | Ye yet 7 B= -QO® -- 0.33458 in 0 Ye = 0.8 - 0.83953 = 0.46047 in. if] Zyt-Z+OBin, wero | My = 900 sin $0" = 450 Abin io Iu Mz + 700 cos 30% = 179.42 Mb-in | y 62 Meme y ede . _ (779. nl 0.33983) , (4500.8) _ 2g 12410" psi U 6s Ee ee Cet Teacastioy eine In 6, =~ Mae, Hize (amas) Contco47) ys 0) _papeiotpst U pe ae 44. tex(o* 1eo.85%10" oo a ee Mave MyZe - _ (779-42)(-0.38953) , (aso-0.8)_ F pat ©) &*- + ae = - = + = 3.6S%(0" psi Lh y 4.456% IO" (eo.85xIor8 ~ cases face (eae on scl ea) eet435 fos 419, Macs inn etl ae nd i oid PROBLEM 4AS1 fil megs ure) esgic nes a er wih he trerzonal plane, (the maximum tent strest nthe beam ws 1 sox Ay SOLUTION For W310 %38.7 robbed stee? shape ’ Mn i5e = BS.1x/0™ in” T= 85-19 10° mm co Ty= 7-27 110° wm = 227 KIO mn 6s Yas Ya = + Ye = Ye = GX8IO) = 15S mm * In = Ze = Ze 2 Zo = Alles) = 825mm M, 2 (16%10") cos 15° = 15.455 10% Nem My = (\exto®) sin IS* > ALIS) x10" Nem cy en gt Bes 85.1410 4.4 15 = 8.1805 T.A7* lO gt 73° 4, vet : a l-72.8-15 = $2.3 = n° ete 7 Le (L) Maximum tenside stress occurs of poet E oe =~ Madey Mize. (15.65 010% YCoISS rt?) (HHL HIP Ygasxio*) fe L G 85.1 «10 Tanloe = 7S.1x10% Pa = 75.1 MPa ~= fee Gea) oo1 oe oo four @ ht shrug 4159, Te soup M stn ve lnk and iid bm PROBLEM 4.152 town, Deiraine (0) te angle thatthe neutral axa fom wih he ‘Satna plan (6) th mania esl srs ine beam. SOLUTION For S150 ¥19.6 rodled steed si a Ty = Ht x]0% mm* = BN KIO me 2 Ty = 2.782x[0° mm* = 0.782 x jo" m* = Bp TEUES) = HRS mm Ya Ya? Yo Faye FRUSRYT TE me Mz = LS x/o%) sin 20% = 0.51303 x10 Nem My = (LS 410") cos 20° = 1.4095 n10° Nem = higng = RN4™ 4a, (90°-20") = 32.007 (a) tan? a7 8 cnet 90°-20°) = 32.00 = 88.21 CL = 8B.21-707 = 18.21 - a ie Es / 7 (kb) Maximum tensife stress occurs ot poiet D Made, My2e, _ (0. Si30anio%J-7e 110) , (iHorsrI§ W42.Sx10") I. hy Fllm [Oe 0.782 *10-* = 80.9x10° Pa = 80.7 MPa =4.151 throagh 4.153 The couple M scts in a vertical plane and is applied toa beam criented as shown. Determine (a) the angle that the neutral axis forms with the borizontal plane, () the maximum tensile stress in the beam. PROBLEM 4.153 SOLUTION For CBxILS wiled steed shape T= 182 inf, y= 326 in? Ze = Zo = Otin , 27 Aye tin Yo* Ye? ~O-S7I in Ye 7 Ya? 2.26 = 0.571 = 1.689 in My = 25 sin 20% = 8.5505 kigrin Mz = 28 cos 20% = 23.492 kip-ine @) tng? tone = 48% tan Ro" = 0.018787 p> 0.847" CLF 2O~ 0.844 = 19169 me (b) Maximum densife stress occurs at poiwt D 6 < - Mave . Mize. _@a.4i210.57)) , (2.5508 C4) - ae I, re 32.6 = 10.162 + 1.049 = Ut ker _ O4.154 threagh 4.156 The couple M acts ina vertical plane and is applied to a beam PROBLEM 4.154 ‘oriented as shown. Determine (a) the angle that the neutral axis forms with the Iorizntal plane, (b the maximum tensile stress inthe bear. SOLUTION Tyr 176.9 xJO% wmt = 176.9 410m TyF 281 «10% mm? = 281107 mt Ye TH18-S7 mm, Ze = 2T mm YOO cos 30° = BHC.4I Nem Tyo 98x10 mat My: = 400 sin 30° = 200 Nem Tea 160% 10 mt * (a) tan 9 = £ tan® = ean tun 30° = 0.36846 @ = 19.97" AH = 3o"- 19.979 = 10.03° ~< (b) Maximum tensife stress ecevrs at point E &-- Mee , Mze . _ GH6ANGIBS THI) | (200) (asics) Te Ty 176.4 lo“ RBI lo" = 86.3¢xlo'+ 17.79x/0" = S4.2x10' Fe = S42 MPa =oop 4.154 throngh 4.186 The couple M acts in a vertical plane and is applied to ¢ beam 4.155 ‘oriented a8 shown, Determine (a) the angle that the neutral axis forms. with the horizontal plane, (8) the maximum tensile stress inthe beam. SOLUTION 4 oat Age 24 in Lys 6.74 in 2 Ae 2 = O85 in Zo = 44 0.857 in = - BIH in Yat ~tin, Yor Yin, Yo = ORT in My = = 25 sin 45° = ~ 17.678 kipein My = 2S cos 45° = 17,678 Kepiw @ ten Qe ey tan = ae dan se) 2 8.1781 eee TA.8° : . oF 7RS°- 45% > 278° ~ ws (b) Mayimom tensife stress oceuvs at point D. My20 1 a iz678)(-3 Wt) iy e714 = 0.20654 8.2388 = B44 kee ~fist frag 4186 Tepe Mains aa pane nap PROBLEM 4.186 ts awn, Decne (the eng aaa pie 4 eam ime pln (Ce cea nat he ea SOLUTION I= & (ackeoy® + \ineKsoi(4o~28.83)* + & (ia YY + (ig0 (0)(23.33~ 1s) = DM 1% mam = tt rer = RE (NGO + 4 (20X07 F = 5.40 210% mn” = S40 %1* wt Yet - 23.33 mm Ze = 6Omm Mar = (4 x10) cos 25° = 3,6252x 10" New | 1D My' = (4 10%) sin 25° = egos«jo" Nem | (ed tang os ton = WHI dase =o onseaz ne Startle | @ ave g> S.4I5* 7 A= 2° S.479S° = 19,52° - | (] “ ve | h | o 1 * z (b) Maximum tensile stress occurs at point E eo Mie, Mize, _ Gb2sario® ¥E22.280104) | (u6405x10° corto") ee ecgr as Luxio tO Sox lom* = 76.195 w1o* + 18:78 xJ04 = 95.0x10% Pa - 95,0 MPa ="¥4.157 and 4.158 The couple M acts ina vertical plane and is applied to beam ofthe cross section shown. Determine the stress at point 4. SOLUTION Using Mohr's eivede, determ'ne the priveipad axes and principad moments oP inertia. Y (8.7, 8.3) in® Z (24.58.28) in? E (16.6, 0) iw® EFe 7.4 in* Fz= 33 i” Rey 7.9% 43.3% = ILE in” tan 20> FF = On? 23.2" T, = 16.6-14Ge SN in, y= 16-64 1.46 © 28,06 in My = M sin 0, = (G0) #in 28.2" = 23,64 kipein My = M cos On = (60) cos 28.2° SEAS kip in Uys YeesOn + Zyoin Ont =. Wew 78.2% Log 228.2" = — 4.08 in. Vat ZpeosOn ~ Ya Sin Om © > 108 e0828.2° + 3.92 Sin Z8.2° = 0.582 in + Mow SG.15 W403), (23.64) (0.SS2) arcs 28,06 Ege Nene = 10.46 ksi _Sl. laokeee Ee 10m! Lo mel [10-0 Sere er en OT rmonuaie aR EAA ig ie rete ont SOLUTION pm Using Mohr's circle, determine the principal =ploma anes” and the prnerpad moments of inertia y= #00800 % 10° rant Y (1.894, 0.800) «10° men” 2 (0.614, 0.800)» 10% mm? E (1.254, 0 )* 10" mm” Re {er 9 FE = f 0.640" + 0.8008 #10 * = 1.0245 «10% mm” Ye 0.2298 #10 m* Ty = (254 = 10245)" JO8 mm" = 0.229510" mm Ty = Ciasit 4 1.0295) «loo mm! = 2.2785 % 10% mm? = 2.2785 * 10° m* = EB _ O.B00x10% | Bt ft tan 204° EE ZEPAE: F125 O,* 28.67 My = Mess On = (2x07 eos 2567" = 1, 0816 x1o* Nan My 2 = Maia Bn» = (.2K[0* ) sin 25.679 = -0.5148% 10% Nem a 28 On % Sin On = 4S coe 26.67~ 4S sta 25.67° = 21-07 mm Vp Cos On + Yasin Om = 4S Cos 25.6794 HS gin BELI = GO.OS mm On, Muva , (1.0816 wio* (21.0748) 0.5198 x10" X60.08 #107") T TL 0. 2295 K10-* LR 785 <1o* = MB.0xlot Pe = 3.0 MPa =%4.159 A 4% lin. timber has been trimmed to form a beam ofthe cross section PROBLEM 4.159 ‘shown, Knowing tha! the couple M acts ina vertical plane, determine the tres at pont re ° * Ft SOLUTION Li. — te, Doing Mone s eivele determ ive He aed Im principe? ates and principio) montars leefe—aLeebeel- lol of inertia, Tin Sin Liniin Sim Lin Sy ¥ (241, -22.5) in® 2 Z (243, 225) in 7 41. EB (1¢5.15,0) in? ve - HE. as tan 22m" EP > lasas + 0.17878 On = 5.07" Re [eer a Fee = frases anns* = [27.85 in® Ty = 1c5.1S - 127.85 = 37.30 in® Ty = 165154 127.85 = 243.0 in? Un = Ya C08 On + Zp Sin On = R cos 507° +S Sin S07" = 2.434 in Zp cos On - Yy Sit Om © S cos §.07°- 2 sin S07" = 4.804 in My = 18 cos 5.079 = 14.94 kip-in My = 1S sin 5.079 = 1.826 kip. in Mee y Moh 2 UH ee GusH) , (1.32614 ROH) _ : Oe ee 3730 °° 4980 eat(a &) ©) 4.160 A rigid plate of 125-mm diameter is ached ow sold 130 » 200 PROBLEM 4160 stag gos, ihe ener of he plate cay above hc cuca oor SAN bro istpledat win Ona" ceerminclo ete a sea pin 6 the pon where the al ens ees ie Bee» SOLUTION P 3 4x10* N (compression) Zé \ My= = PR sin $o* x = G04 )(1a5* 10") sin So” = 250 Nem PR cos 30% ~ Can 10* 1125 «10 ) es 80" + - 483 Nem 2 Ty = 7 (200XKIS0)* = 56.25 «18 mn! = 56.25 110% m” I, = £(1S0)(200)" = [00% 10% win’ = 100 x10°S m* z HKy FM = 100 mm Zh te = WS mm A = (200)(1S0) = 30x/0% mm” = BOx/0% m™ Ge -£ a Meg Make 2 Helo (200075010) 4 (493. 100 x5) Ty "Tp, ©” Boxiss ~ 58.25xj0* Teo x1O* = G33xJo° Pa = 633 kPa = a= - PE - Mite, Mee 2 ato? _ Caso rswd*) , (2433 YC loo x16?) eA ee ds Zone®” scasvio® + —foowior® = -233xl0* Pa = -233 kPa ~ het G he the point on AB where nevtral amis intersects. 820 Ze 1S mm Yee 2 6.2 - Fee + the =O = 462 wom = 4.2mm Pont G Dies 16.2 mm From porat A aa4.160 A rigid plate of 125-mm diameter is attached to a solid 150 x 200-mm PROBLEM 4.161 rectangular post, wth the center of the plate directly above the centes ofthe post. Ifa ‘44N force P is applied at E with O= 30°, determine (a) the stress at point 4, (6) the p=4kN stress at point B, (€) the point where the neutral axis intersects line ABD. 4161 in Prob. 4,160, determine () the value of O for which the stress at D reaches its largest value, (6) the corresponding values ofthe stress at, B, C, and D. x SOLUTION P= 4x10" N a PR= (And? )C125 *15" = 500 Ne My = - PR sin 97+ S00sin @ My =~ PR cos 9 =~ S00cas O > Te = EG@oorlisoy = 56.25 x15 mm" = 56.25%10"* m* x : lg A,= #(1501(200) = 100 «10% mm" = 100 x10 m* ‘ p= 100 mm Zt ~ 75 mm A = (200180) = 30 x/0% mn = 30/57 m* I Mz ee 1 Rzsind 5 Rxeos® oe f- Mest = - Pig Bagh? + SNe For © th be a maximum as =O wth 2= 2, X= % HS. pf o ~-Rzpces2 + Resn@] 2 oo 6 ik Te sr. $.,9 -.- Lee loonie ICIswio®) case a Teg 7 (S6.281O* Moons") ~ 2 688706, OF S317 =~ Maze, Mp%a = Said? (G00 WO.8isx10) _ (S00 (0.6 Keo nto?) Ww) Ge F- Mene Mte= Sos to = (~ 0.13333 + 0.52333 + 0.300)*10° Pa = D.700x10' Pa > Too kPa 6g7 0. 13283 + 0.52828 - 0. 300)*(0" Pa = O-oonlct Pa= 100 Pam 6, + (-0.19883 +0 +0) *10* Pa = = 133.3 kPa =< Gyr (- 0.19882 - 0.62293 - 0.B00)x/of Pa = -0.967xI0' Pa = -F67kTa—ePROBLEM 4.162 4.162 The tube shown has. a uniform wall thickness of 0.5 in. For the given loading, determine (a) the sess at points 4 and B, (6) the point where the neutral axis imersects line ABD. SOLUTION Add y- and z- axes as shown T= R@GP-E@U= 20.588 int R(SYBY- EAI = = (8MS)- @)C4) = 70 in® a " 8.5833 in® > ResuPtant force and bending couples Pr 34646 EIS kips Mz = - (253) 4(2.5)6) 4 (2.516) * BSkip- in My = ~C-S8) = (800) + (1-56) * -4Sieip. in My% 2 1S _ B2ANM-25) , Cas\tS) ‘ i = i ay T 7 go.8as +g sgas = OTK Maye 4, Me 2 _Gesl(ns) , edeCns) -_ Mave, Muze < F ~GES) 5 AES 2-1 876 ksi Let peint H be the poiwt where the revival axis intevsccts AR. M,Z, y M, 2) : 2p.503) a RS = 8TH in, Answer? 3.741 in, above point A, -4.162 The tube shown has a uniform wall thickness of 0.5 in. For the given loading, i ‘neutral axis PROBLEM 4.163 determine (a) the sivess at points A and B, (b) the point where the irc ne ABD. 4.163 Solve Prob. 4.162, assuming that the 6-kip force at point £ is removed. SOLUTION Add y- and 2- axes as shown. Le KMS = AVA = 20.583 in! Tye eV - RUGS 2.5883 in" a) A= (8X59 - @)CH) = Tink Resudtant force and couples 8 wy L iz A @ &tE 6a £- Mae, to) Pr B46 = Tkips My -(2sMs) + (250) = 7S kip-in Myst -(.5 08) + 1-506) 7 4S keps in. 20,583 Moe My = & . (79'O2S) , 4-SMLS) © i ae Saige Fare es +teas 7 2.98 koy —t Myze q eo 2 S28), HSS) er ky oe 7 > 20.583 g.sesa > let point K be the point where He nevtrad ents intersects BC. yet Sing Ber? OF £ A & +0 MyZe = Maye 4 Myze aes zz i Mae 2). 8808 {GEYAS) BY 2 0.715 in My S Ty 4S ( 20583 7 Lee OTIS * 2218 iw Answer? 2215 in tothe ght oF point Bo =eaero fe ead [asa 4 4.164 An aul lon Pof magic 50 KN s pli n shown short sion of PROBLEM 4.164 W 150 x 24 rolled-steel member. Determine the largest distance a for which the ‘maximum compressive stress does not exceed 90 MPa. SOLUTION Add y- and 2- axes. Flor WISO* 24 vollec- steed section A'= 3060 wr® = 3260xI0%m™ Tat 18-4 10% meet © 1841 O in y I, 1.83 x10% mm = 1. BSxIo < = 160 mm , bp 7 102 mm 2 ype $2 -80mn Ze BET ST mm P= soxjo* N Wi, = - (50/07 )(75 1078) + = 3.75 «10° Nem My? = Pa. 6, = -B - Mae + Mee G2 ~90 10% Pa Zn M> Ef beh a 2 pasate) Ga.1s.010*Yoaonts) + OK, crore} 5 x10: 138 «10m 3000 ¥(0 j 422.388 + 16.340 - aot «10° = = 1.83781 1o* Nem 3 a? -&- - eee = 86.8210 m = 36.8 mm =PROBLEM 4.165 a p= 90k -P- Mu , Mt dz Ya = 535 “Tex lon* ag _ $.35«10* Tevio-® oo Mee 4.165 An axial load P of magnitude 30 KN is applied as shown to a short section of @ € 150 x 12.2 rolled-stee! channel. Determine the largest distance a for which the ‘maximum compressive stress is 60 MPa. SOLUTION Add y- and 2- axes <8 shown For C 180 *12.2 volled steed section A = 1SHO mm* = 1SHO*IO™ m* dt 182 mm bp = 4B mm bw tL me i Tt 5.85 410% mm* = 5.35 x10™ m Ty 0,276 110% wat = 0.276 «107 m* Ror WT wm hine of action of force Po _ Yet 7 Zee R-gtw = 10.15 mm Pe goxiot N M2 = Pz = =(30%10* lo. 1S 105*) = 304.5 Nem Me -Pa 6, = -60%10% Fa. Ya the £-76 mm Wek FAT mm —7 > Rf Mh 2 - 5} (304.5902700) | goxot < {- Hoon = 19.get + 20} «it = = 1.866%18" Nem Ghee?) 69 2415 m > 622 mm = Bo x10™ tee crea] Onan atomoo a) [eco “4166 A orion on is applied othe beam shown. Knowing tht a=20 PROBLEM 4.166 thal he toe seein the bas nt excel 75 MP, Sern he ages pornissibe load SOLUTION Locate the certroid % Move coordinate cong in to the centrovol. Coordinates of Poacl point? X= a , : = = RS mn a couples Me = yeP =-aP = (tool(a0}? + (zoo0)(zs)" « ae oe SY + 0.406671 0% mn 4 = 0.40667 lo" = A000} + AMF = 2.0267 «10% wm! = 2.0267 11S mn" a M, % y, ox. . os few Mee ef pee Be KP i -2smict\2.Su0t*) | (gortor?)(Sonio*) For potet A Kat aha + Sisecree Tone vio § = 821.28 mm Pe 7 ee ~«4.167 A horizontal oad P of magnitude 100 KN is applied to the beam shown. PROBLEM 4.167 Deicrmine the largest distance ofr which the maximum tensile sess in the bear does rot excoed 75 MP. SOLUTION Locate the centroid Z| 8200 Mie coorchinate origin to the centroid Coordinates of Dead) point: Xp? AQ, ype -25 mm Bending coupdes Mee yeP My= -aP Tye loo Waa =(z000)(7.5Vr + AOKI + (1200101251" = 0.40667 ¥10% mm" = 0.40667" 10 mm? T, = EVO! + Gees = 2.0267x10% mut = 2.0267 «10% m¥ ® m - By Mey - Mx erat ee My Ei f-we-cf Gar TS 710% Pa, P= looxio® N Far point A 207 50 mu, S me SS Joowto® , (2.5 ie ¥i0* 2510" Oe qsx1o* | 300% 10-* 0.40667 x lo-® i‘ = 2.0267 x10 5 BLaS + 1.5387 ~ 7S bxloS = - 17x Ie Nem e ‘$0 %1O7> bast M, C711) 1g) a zo tk = 17, = ITM am = a > Sea a i 17.1 1o* 171ees 4.168 A beam having the cross section shown is subjected toa couple My which acts PROBLEM 4.168 ina vertical plane, Determine the langest permissible value of the moment Mof the couple ifthe maximum stress in the beam i not to exceed 12 ksi. Given: I, ~ 1, = 11.3 int 4=4,75 inf, ky, =0.983 in, (Hint: By reason of symmetry, the principal axes form 9A ost an angle of 5° ith the cooroate wes, Use the relations fag~ Ag and an +a age yp 2 sin, SOLUTION ai | My = Mg sin 95° = 0.707! Me v YomfP My = Mz cos4s* © 0,707! Me . Leng = Akno = (U.75)(0.988)* 4.57 in" Lowe = Ty + Ler Ing = U3 4 B+ 489 = 18.0] in® Ue = Yq can dS? + 2g Sin MS* = 3.57 con IS" + 0.98 Sin HS® = ~ 186 in Ve = 25 cos tS? “Yq sin 45° = -0,98 cos HS* ~CS.S7I8inS* + 3.182 in 2 ~ Mus , Move 2. - we 4 Me 6 fe mel $e + He] 1 ©1866) , 31827 2 Oo, Me = 0.70711 me] wef eer 0.41 a4 Ss 12. ae — - See ~ Me * Say para 7 241 keprim44168 A beam having the rss section shown js abcd ow couple My which ts PROBLEM 4.169 ina etal plane, Determine the gst permissible vale ofthe momen Myo the Gece ina sw inictem nat toced 8k, Gor = [= 103 35 torial Bye tmnt, he rnp es anangl of45° withthe coornate aes. Use the relation lg = Aya aa hth Mo bd osm 4.169 Solve Prob. 4.168, assuming thatthe couple B, acts in a horizontal plane. 055. SOLUTION v 180. My = My cos 45° = 0.70711 Mo in —-| My = -M, sin ¥S° © - 0.70711 My Tina = A Kun 2475 1(0.988)" = 4.59 int Tver = y+ Iz - Imig = 3 + 23 - 4.59 = 18.01 in® Yo C08 45° + Zp sins? = 0.978 tos S24 3.57 sin 4S? )* £1866 in Vo 7 Zp cos 4S? = yp Sin 45° * (— 3,57)cos 4S? — (o.98) sin 45° = 3,182 in. = al.266) , 2.182] - = 0.7071) Me |= Reet ao 0.4124 Mo -&. -2 - pei = Mo? oarag “Oamy 7 2%! Kipsined 10 These va jd ecole My ng ea pe monies emia tren tae : Beier ee ae ae ee C imams O ee oer SOLUTION (ele ed Ty nee = 2.282108 mmm* = 2.28 210° m®* 10mm Le Levee Tot Tun = 0.23% 10% me" = 0.23 «10° m* My = My ces 643° My > Me sin 64.3° © = 643° fang = 2 tan ‘7 eee eed ee ee = 228x107 eo. = Saeuo% tan 643° = 20.597 9 = 87-22° Potts A and B ave farthest Fram the neutral axis. Ug = Y_ees G3" + Zp sin GH.8 = (- 4S)eas 643° 4635) sin 4.3" Gan = = SL 0S mm Ne = ' Ze cos 643° — Yh sin'n.3® = C35) cos 643° - C48) sin64.3" = 25,37, mm _ MuDe , MoVe Cee aa ere 6 = _ (Maces 64.3°)(- 61,0500") | (My sin 643° (25.87 «t0) ee Z2BxIO-* : 0.23 ¥10-& = 93.81 x 10% M, Boutot i Me" igectaioe 7 783 Newii pea cages ao propuenain ips cm ton ele Mg et Decree prea borer gio meienatt sheer. 4.171 Solve Prob. 4.170, assuming thatthe couple Me acts in a horizntal plane SOLUTION Ty = 0.28 x10% mon” © 0.23 ¥10% wit i a vo Ty = Dna = 223% [O%mmn' = 2.23% 10% mi My= M, eos 64.3° My = My sin 643° fl O= 64.3° : tang = B tan L Ma = 0, 20961 Points D and E ave Fauthest From the nevtrad axis. By F Yo C09 R679 ~ %y Sin 26.7" #(-5 )eos 25.7 = US 8/n 25.7" = 24.02 mm Vp = Zp co 25.79 + Yo EIRE7°% MS coe28.7°4 (51 sin 25.79 = 38.58 mm = Muth 4 Mule = - (Macos 64:3°% 241020167) (4a sin 64. 3°)(8. 28410") eee eee +g 28 «lo Boxto® = 60.48410% Mo MyM, 1.823 xtO* Nem = 1.323 Nem - a Ol (com oo“L172 As cxred aluminum member having he cos section shown fs bese PROBLEM 4172 couple My acting ina vertical plan Detcrmine the largest pemnnble alos of he toment eof te pte the maxinure sss net oes a Ghee (0.957 in, Le = 0.427 in’, principal axes 29.4° » and 60.6° ». a SOLUTION Ty = Lag, = 0.957 in® a Hie seein eEPgeC TSEC Ne certs My > AF.4o | My Me cos 2704? fi OF 224° ~ * i, O.4A7 in ten @ = fang = SIE tan 274" li = 0.2514 gran 0 ‘i Point A is Parthest fram the neutve) avis. Yur ~ OS in, BH OTTIn Dp = Ya Cos ATA H Zq sin ALY F ~ [0216 in Va = Zp COS 2ULE = Yq sin WAT = O.2BSZ in, Go — My y Mave 2 _ Ma coe 22) Ionic) , (iH. sin 29.47 (0.2852) he eg edge 0.427 0.457 = 1.4381 Me Mo & 12 : eae i = Tasay * asa algae"4.173. Albeam having the cross section shown is subjected 10 a couple Ma acting PROBLEM 4.173 ina pan, semi he ast emia valu ote momen iol te I, ~ f,~ B36 and I, 20mm SOLUTION b= 60mm a got ” lyse E+ $F = 0.360 «10% mn" 20mm Se Geese ease) Ty Bt GR t 0-180 110% wom ater Principal axes are symmetry axes. Using Mehe's cincte defermine the principal moments of inertia, Ty Y - Re lTp| = 0.180*10° eae a 1: bee F 0.54016 me! = 0.540 x15" m" 1+ yb-r 2 = O.1BOx LO mat® O1BOXIG wm” My = Mo sin ¥S* = 0.70711 Mo) MF M, cos YS = 0.70711 Me B= 45° tang = Beto» 28H tn P= 3 pr 7.56" Uy= oO = = 20 Timm Hes | au 7 fae geesNsm aed Pont Bt Ugr-Bom , Vee BE ram 6, eo Mee y Mave = (0.7011 Mo >t6*) ( Cone aX pio?) 8 5 a O.SHoxion® 80 ¥(o* = ttlx(o* Mo Ss 100«lo* Mot qyateio * Taos = 900 Nem ~ m i] LlPROBLEM 4.174 4.174 A couple M, acting ina vertical plane is applied to a W 12 x 16 rolied-stec! beam, whose web forms an angle @ with the vertical. Denoting by oy the maximum stress in the beam when @= 0, determine the angle of inclination 0 of the beam for ‘which the maximum stress is 2c, SOLUTION For W12*16 vebled steed section T= logint Ty = 2.82 inv d = NW in by = 3.990 sn. we ~d aoe ton @ = B ton 6 = PE ter = 96.52 tend Point A is farthest fromthe nevivad axis My = Myosin M, = Mecos® Gy = Mpth + Mae = Med aso + Hebt sine ce 2 > BA (1+ Bt tans) he Riz - jon = Be = Bante) . cose 9: 470" = * Wo3 (3.190) PROBLEM 4.175 oN i \ N 4.175, Show tht if sali rectangular beam is ben by a ope opie sung dupa one Tenant cone sean he wal oe fate apa SOLUTION Ss ton 8 = M,= Mee8 , Mp= MemO = ebb Tye ahe bh? bb | tan = 2 tnd SRB sR Thoe nevtrad oeis passes Hough comer A ttPROBLEM 4.176 4.176 A beam of unsyrametri cross section is subjected to couple Mo acting inthe vertical ay plane. Show thatthe stress at point A , of coordinates y and z, is Yy~ Aly. LI, - £ M, yan "ye er J ead dete the moments nd pod of inti of ees ton wth respect fo centroidal axes, and M, the moment of the couple. SOLUTION The stress 6 varies Dineardy with the coordinates y and Z. Since the oncaf Force is zero, the y- ard z-anes ave dentvoi dad axes. i Bee Cy + Cez — wrheva Oy ancl Cy ave covatants. My = Sz M,=-Sy Sade Gj dA = CS yzdA + Cal 272k = Iya +c, = © eee C.-C, -C, Gy da + 0, Cyz4A =-Z,G-] BO n YM, =-(yI.- yr) ¢ C= &~ __Iy Mz C, = +taMs Th ie TyTe-Ty™ yz -ITvy =~ t Lo Uh-i (sal cadeaeons) Dede er. 4.177 A beam of unsymmetric cross section is subjected to a couple M, acting in the PROBLEM 4.177 horiznotal xz plane. ‘Show ta the stress at pont 4 8 2, ~ Vig aut Te Be where fp nd dnote the moments and produc of neti ofthe cross section with respect ocentroial aces andthe moment ofthe couple SOLUTION The stvess Gj, vanres Jineardy with the Coord inates y ond z. Since the axted ovce is Zero, the y- ond Z-oxes are eentvordal axes. GHEY +e where Cy anc Cy ome constarts, Maz -SyGdd = -C Syd ~ CO Gyzdd = -EC, -TyeC, = 2 C= 7 ee. My= Jz6dd = C,Syzad + Cy (2% ee on vIn tec, +e EMy* (yt- Let) Ce = aiMy -- ey onl te cas C+ > eras o = ist -~tet yw ~« iseene4.178 (@) Show that, ifa vertical force P is applied at point 4 ofthe section shown, the PROBLEM 4.178 equation ofthe neutral axis BD is elie where & and k, denote the radius of gyration ofthe cross section with respect tothe z ‘exis and the x axis, respectively. (8) Further show that, ifa vertical foree Q is applied ‘et any point loeted on ine BD, the sress at point A will be ero. SOLUTION : ~ 22 Defindont Ke = By ee HE @ Mas P2a Mz = 2 Px 2-2 Wyze Mae « BP Paze Ge ~ at : RRR Kee =-B[t hea CR )a] = 0 FE es on neva! Ve()x +(Zlz = 2, Cy ym +(ge)z = — I =< ) My = Pze M, = -Pxe 7 Mx Mem 2 BL in _ PZeZe So fs ee ee Bae - Sa =O by gush From Part (a) be L Eta: O 3 a esfo oye mal eos ede 4.179 (a) Show thatthe stress at comer 4 of the prismatic member shown in Fig. (@) ‘will be ero ifthe vertical force P is applied at «point located on the line x 2 b/6 h/6 (&) Further show that, if tensile stress sto cur in the member, the force P must be applied at a point located within the area bounded by the line found in part @ and the thee similar lines corresponding to the condition of zero stress at 8, C, and D, respectively. This area, shown in Fig.(b), is known asthe Kern of the cross section. SOLUTION Tt ight Teh bh’ A= bh ane mcd let P be the toad point M, = -P%p My = Pape >-B44 Xe _ Maze S fee aaaer . Pesce a bh” a he --hl'-a-& eccuees \- Bee 7 P> te At point E Z=0 = b/e At point F x7aQ) = hk TF the Dine of action (xp, Zp) ies within the portion marked Ta, a tensite will cecur at corer A, By considering GgrO, GO, ancl S=O, the other portions producing tensife stresses ave identhPied.“6180 For the curved bar and loading shown, determine the ses a point 4 r= Hr, Or, = 50 mm. eee PROBLEM 4.180 SOLUTION @) ¥,= 30mm = 20420250 mm = oh. 20 = RETES BG.1S23 ram Fe aCe) = HO mm }20 man a et P-R = 0.8477 mm A= (QoV(B0) > 600 mme = 60010 wn Yu = 390 1S2B- BOF SAB em ~My, _ 0S) 4.152910") _ oo = her (Goo rnxios Gonos) ~~ 48-010" Pa = 45.0 MPa f= $0 +20 = 7Omm 20 = §4.u4o21 ne i = 60 mm 0.65973 mm Ya = S7-440R7 ~ 50 > 9.44027 mm My OS \C4.44027) =~ 42.2 *i0* ial Kev, © (600 ¥10* (0.55973 «10 )GO*1O™) =-422MPqaoc eee eee te 3 4.181 Forte carved bar an ime : PROBLEM 4.181 “AN For te crt bar and ong sown, eterine he ses ato and SOLUTION NE 2d mm VN FFO mm fy = 4020 = 6D mm R= (B00) = 600 mm* = 620x108 me R= bh. ,_ 29. BETS Frk(th) + SO mm = HP B2CT man e@ 2 R-R = 0.6739 mm yp = 9 B261= HO = BRE! men Vy = Yo mm a ee oe Caeser aaa «toe Sa> - Rew,” ~Grx10*KO.eB TIO) es auues = - 43.2 Mame Ja F 42826) ~ GO =~ 10,6787 men > a Mye 2 _ (75 )(- 10.678 4H" Y 33.0+10¢ Pa Aevy oGIG*KO.6789HIS* )EO*IS*) agg MP eecee fit Ja te anc ad gto, ein te est pt A wen “tt SOLUTION » Lt E-~™ WT wr bees, He 28in te Sin e, * a Bkipein "ge Spin — At (LRVWAS) = 3.00 im MX & kepein. eo 22S R Be hE 3.6067 Rek(KeN) = 3.75 @= B-R = 0.1433 in. Ya? 8:69%7- 25 * 1.1067 in %y 7 2S in ste M: a (SU. 1067) gee é - Sn? Rete” Heo o.ns3x2-5) eae (b) he 3 in 22S in Ke $8 in A =(.23) = 3.6 in® Rise = S.8049 in ma In ES Fek(Ken)= 40000%im, e -R = 0.1981 in. Yas 38097 - 25 + 1.8049 in ht 2S in 6,2 Mme. Suse? = = 3.72 ksi _~ a Ke te 9512S)PROBLEM 4.183 12m, 4.18) For the curved bar and loading shown, determine theses a pins A and 8 when h = 2.75 in. a SOLUTION Wh? 2ISin = 2Sin, Me SBS in A= (L2.@.75)* 3.30in*, Me S kip in Rest: & = 8.7065 in Fe ayes 2.875 in F OLN68S in Ya = 3.7065 -25 - 1.2065 im, My = 2S in — Mye 2 (5.2065) eee ea jee — Rev, EsoYo.casKas) peu Yo = 37066 = 5.25 = = 1.5435 in Ya > S25 in (\ousass) eae ee ~Gaollousesisas) ~4184 The curved bar shown has a cross section of 40 x 60 mm and an inner radius PROBLEM 4.184 7% = 15 mm, For the loading shown determine the largest tensile and compressive stresses. SOLUTION We HO me Y= 1S mm ty = SS mm A= (GO)4O) = 2400mm™= 2400 x10 m™ Se + 80.786 mm @ 2 F-R = 4214 mm 6: - fh At Pe [Simm yy F $0. 78G- 1S > 15.786 mm (120 )15.786%t0? ) = 2 lize is.786 +10?) _ ©* ~ Goon Wanaitnio® YUS¥IS*) = A124 7 r10 Pa = 12.49 MPa =e BE Oe SS YF 90.786 SF = = 24.214 men on (120 JE aaiexto*) = 5.22%10° B ie a ae y : fe = $22 MPa = (a) (ez oO fea4.185 For the curved bar and loading shown, determine the percent error introduced ‘in the computation of the maximum siress'by assuming that the bar is straight ‘Consider the case when (a) r,~ 20 mm, (6) r, =200 mm, (¢) = 2m, PROBLEM 4.185 SOLUTION he Hmm, A = (60240) 2 2400 mer > 2400x105 wn” M © 120 Nem = ebh = £ (Coi(o)® = 0.32010° mm” 0.82 x10 m* C5 EHF 20 mn Assuming thet the bar is straight =~ Me, —L2erGoxig") , r 10% Pa = 6, = I Oda wore = 7.5 %10° Pa = 7.5 MPa @) PF 20 mm YF GO me Re ale Te = BE.4096 mm +R 16,4096 mm Fe gt) s Youn @=F-R> 3.5904 mm MOG-2) _ (iz0) 6 aide Tete erent = 1.426 #108 Pa Rew RH0O*10F B.S 44x10 (2.0 x10-* ) 11.426 MPa 1.42% ~ (27.6) r, ervor % = - 344% ~ Fe eves Sines x 100 sad For parts (b) and Ce) we get the volves in the table besos: Yim | Tyme | Ryne | Fim | €,mm | Gm | enor (a)| 20 6O | se4ore | 4o | a.Sso4 | ~1.4ae | - 34.4% (b) | 200 ate | 219,21C | 220 | 0.6074 | - 7.982 ©) | 2000 | 2040 | 2019-9340 | 2020 | 0.06604.186 tal ns having te crs sncton sho te nal wih iin cont PROBLEM 4.186 angles i Knowing that the allowable stress is 15 ks, determine the largest force P that canbe applied wo ink for which = 90°. 025i. SOLUTION Reduce section Force to a for couple system at G, tHe ce~ ce eet ion AB. oz FU- eos £) The bending couple is M= ~ Par Forthe retanqudar section, the nevtre? axis For bending couple ond Dies ot Ty: Aso e=*-2 At poiat A the tensile stress is : ~Mu - 2, Poy = PB ays yk 6: $- i Rucnen a Clitena Naehn er ond yy = R-% Dota P= 0.9 ing Ws O-6 in, Hye le in, hz OlG.iny bit 0.2S.in. = (0.25)(0.6) = 0.15 in, R= Po = 0.86562 in @ = 0.9.-0.86562 = 0.03438 ih., yy * O-BESER - 0.6 = 0.26562 in a = 0.4 (1 - cos HS°) = 0.26360 in : (0.26360 (0.26562) _ it "CO.03438)(0. 6) Serre pe (ouisnsy = 0.51% Kips = SIR tb = oe Co et4.186 Sic! links having the cross section shown are available with different central PROBLEM 4.187 angles f. Knowing that the allowable stress is 15 ksi, determine the largest force P that can be applied to a link for which = 90" 4.187 Solve Prob. 4.186, assuming that A= 60° 035in. LUTION 2 fel 8 rE Reduce section force to a Farce - + couple system at G, tHe centroid Aida OF the cross section AB. at ae RUE cos 2) The bending coupde is:.M'> - Pa, mM & ee reckangular sechion, the revived fen sane anis for bending couple andy fies at \ 4 R ae: Also e=F-8 Ai point A the femnife sheen is) =P. tMm © Py Po = 2 Oh) = Ke PMA eere AL (enero a icles e where Ke 1+ Se ond y= Res, = AG Pe ce Dota: R= 0.9 ing Ws 0.6 in, Ye= Qin, W= OlG"s, biz 0.25: fe ‘ 0.6 : A= (0.25(0.6).= Outs in? Re Re? O.BGS56R jn- @ = Q:4.= 0.865672 = 0103433 in., yy F 0.86562 -0.6= 9.26562 @ = 0.9(|- cos 30°) = 0.12053 in. (0,12058)(0.26562) _ (o.oamgayce.cy ~ * 5526 (0.15) G59 Ps lyieae Kr let = 0.881 Kips = st Db a4.188 The curved portion ofthe bar shown has an inner radius of 20 mm. Knowing PROBLEM 4.188 thatthe line of ction ofthe 3-N free i oeased ata stance 2 60 mms Som Oot Yertical plane containing the center of curvature of the bar, determine the largest ‘compressive stress in the bar. fecha a 4 SOLUTION Reduce the interna? Forces 0 vans mitted aevess section AB L fo a Force -couple system at the centroid of the section. The herding coupe is M= Plas) For the es section, the nevtved vis For bendlimy enupte andy ies at Regt. Mio ex FR | The waximom compressive stress cccums \ at point A. It is given by 7) ee pe ceeMiyee erste cae Ova uy A Ren AK Aen a SKE with yee ROO OT 2 @rFCR=1) Ths, Ke It oe Datat ‘he 25mm, Vy = 20mm, Vi = 4S mm, fH = 325 mn R= ee = 20,288 wm ) = 31-6-30.828E = 16712 mm i b= 25mm, Azbh= ea 625 mn = SASHIO™ Ll = COmm, AFH = 92S mm, R=, = 10.8288 om ll a (92.5) (10. 8288) _ K 1+ “emiaey 30.968 pe sxot N L ee [30.968 ) iF c n & = Ee - Ge.t68 (ante!) - 148.6 «lof Pa [ = -1486 MPaaoe oa (sas) es) a) {4.189 owing tat the allowable tess inthe aris 150 MPa, determine he largest, a teria dnc om he ie fan off DEN Sc othe Yr pe PROBLEM 4189 mene a6 eof wai = 20mm p= 3kN SOLUTION see Jf Reduce the interna? Forces mittee acvess section AB Ban te a Foreg- couple system af the centroid oP the sechion. The bending Couple is M= PCa+é) Fa He rechangala section, the net arts Ror bending eoupde onty ties re The wasimon conpressive stress sce at point Ae Tt Is given by gf - Me. 8 - Pata A Aer, Aen KE wth ore n i +RICR-f) Thos, Ke | Ok R-n) Datar n= 25mm, VW, = ZO mm, Wied mini, O = 32S nm 2s. 2 7 " = B18 = 39,828F = 1.6712 mn R RE 20,8288 mm ) = 82-5 +30, NG71R = 150x108 Pa, 6 R P= 3xlo® Nem 6 K = =A. - Wsoumnersrie) ~ aias 2 [ee nen s0.t8)(1.6712\(20) ath t Sg Seqmione 4 eae oa = 93.87 mn4190 Three plates are welded together to form the curved beam shown. For the Th PROBLEM 4.190 ven loading, determine te distance e between the acuta axis and the centroid ofthe txoss section. tase sou osm Re a r " = = Be put} bf h] A | BAS | FL Aw 3 : ©| 2 }os| 1.8) 0.nea4sal 3.25] 4.275 J Pe ®| o5| 2 | 1.0] 0.225943] 4.5 | 4-5 4 o ®] 2 | o.5| 1.0} 0-174023] 54s] 5.75 J . = Tad 0 vezuca| lis. 125 e z= ISAS. ‘ suey 7 Hosea in, = TAS =u sziag in = @= F-R= 0.26881 in ~< 3 otHs {4191 "Thee pate re welded ose fom the curved eam shown, For M=8 PROBLEM 4.191 ibn, dice he ret) pant 4; 0) poet BG) comodo ok 0 SOLUTION i IL In gp: ZA, - Ze 2 ZA 1 2S kdl bz Des Zh, Boe -. ZAE . eee pet| BERL A | BOE | F LAR 7 ©| 4 | 0:5) 1.6] 9.462452) 3,25] 4.275 35 n Q®| o-s| 2 | 1.0} 0.226903 Q| 2 | 0.5] 1.9] 0.174023 S = B.S] 0.96248 15.125) 1 2 8 e way Ga IERS : Re Seaew * HOSRIR in, FTES = 4.92148 in = F-R= 0.26881 in. M= -8 kip-in (com Jeon ee @) Yr R-M = 4o0ssi2- S = 1.05812 in, Gro My _ _ _ (-8)(4.05812) = See ere eee ereer et aa ee aa Aer, (3.8 X0.268311(3 ) 0 Go) ye = R- MF hOSBIA- GB = ~ 194193 in |" Mye, (28194188) ; = 1 itt ee se = -2,.8l i | Sa*~ Ret TE SKORSSINEY oe q © yor R-* = -e* a g = ~My: -Me 2 - Ms - sR = osagsi Aer eF Ar GsKaaa143)PROBLEM 4.192 4.192 and 4.193 Knowing that M20 kN'm, determine the stress at (@) point A. (8) point 8. ¢ AL té . Si ean oe Ebche TA < ¥ > 135 mm BA ~ —Eeh ee = + te ik Fone oe Da Ge 28m Vine | Pt bons Fem] AR, mn? Bo rT meal Fmen| A, wm’ Iso i — = 2 4 78.9353 | 172.5 | €88.35 «10% o} vas 18.18% 10%} ee s.98t4 | 262.5 [175.15 +10* 47.2747 | R47 #10! qo, = ZlHe belo? Re Gea 7 205-606 mn 6 ‘aTa0 = RIS mm e€ = FR = 1.89% mm M = 20r/0% Nem @ yr R-N F 208.606 - ISO + 55.606 mem prauaaei. h Wail (aor lo? USS.606 10> 1 i Aer, — (4720 x10" (1.894 xlo™ )(1S0 » 10°) F< 641 wo Pa = - 64.1 MPa « (bY yet R-M, = 205.606 - 330 = - 124.394 mm 8 Rev, ~~ Camovio Tn.894 «to 1330 = 65.2 x10% Pa = 65.2 MPa ~« foe jean eaake Paice a eee 1 4.192 and 4.193 Knowing that M=20 kN, determine the stress at (a) point 4, (6) poi PROBLEM 4.193 SOLUTION san ¥ r | oe 150 Ai, me 6 | 15 [Yecol 23.1067 | 217.5] las 70S x10" 235 es @ ase [L123] 95 | wae] isem2 | sors 147 4459 104| 0 pees = 9720] 38,9099 28515 110° TRO 5. 28515 «toe _ Re seageg ANGI mm RS RERS mm © =F -R = 12,885 mm M = Z0n10% Nem , ya = R-W, = 249.615 - ISO = 99.615 wm 6, Dy te (2oxt0?V19.615 «10° ) Ren” (4740 10° V2. 88S x10"? VLISO »* (0° = = (06.1 «lo% Pa =~ 1061 MPa - W) ye = RM, 7 R4TEIS= 380 = - 80.385 mn Mye . - ___Worto* \so.gssxte*) _ Aew, (4720 #10" Wi. 88S «10°F NaBox (oe) = 38.9 ¥10° Pa = 389 MPa =4.194 The curved bar shown has a circular cross section of 32-mm diameter. ‘Determine the largest couple M that can be applied 1o the bar about a horizontal axis if the maximum stress is not to exceed 60 MPa. PROBLEM 4.194 SOLUTION CF Imm Be A+ 16 = 2B em ar g[Re fire) = jeer dae cies} + 25.439 nn = BHR BB-2S.4BT © 2.510% mm, Siar occurs at A is gives by 16unl = EME) from hick ms Reg isu) Ao Aemcts Tlie = 804.25 mm? Detat ya = R- Vt 25-4891- 12 = 18,4BTE mem (804. 25 «10 KR. S107 10°12 MO coxtoe) _ Me 13.489} x j07* 107.8 Nem - c _195. The bar shown has a circular cross section of 0.6-i. diameter. Knowing that PROBLEM 4.195 1.2 in, determine the stress at (2) point 4, (b) point B. 7 SOLUTION af Ke c2gd= OSin Fr OF4 0.8 = 0.8 in, P n= des f{erre] = does famtoe | fe = 0.7708) in OFS fol, = & = B-R+ 0.0277 in, Az te = 10.8)" = 0.28274 in? Ms Plath) =-50 (1.2 + 0.8) 2-100 fein ™ Ya R-1 = 0-77081- 0.5 = 0.27081 in P Yat R=, + O-7708l~ We 7 —O.3RTIT in, @ 6: = ~ fe: ee - Sees = 6.14 xt gat = 6.74 Msi _ te) 6,> £ -e - pe = 34S 1S psi = BMS KsPROBLEM 4.196 4.196 The ar shown has a cirelar com section of 68. dlameter Koowing that 2 the allowable tensile stress 8 ksi, determine the largest permissible distance a Bom te in of action of he SO reste plane conning the cee of cvs of 0m SOLUTION BeGe ee Fe 0540.3 * OB rales dere] + gloss terrae] = = 0.77081 in. @zR-R 0.02919 tn. 850 Sol, A= wet = 1Co.8)** 0.28274 tn* Ms -P Cash) eat R=, = 0.7708) - 0.5 = 0.2708! in, Si eRe de Be Roe + BL stags] = ‘ee where Ke 140Q390Ye k~ SA {anoP\lo.28279) 45.288 asks OK set. aa 0,084 905) 238h in A+ 2.38 - cn BLS 84 in ~ cy) ) ad ooarea sea a ce z= 71 >) 4.197 The split ring shown has an faner radius 7) =20mam anda circular cross section PROBLEM 4.197 of dumetr '*32 mm. For the loading shown, determine the stress at (2) point 4, (5) point 25kN SOLUTION ca kd = Womm = 20mm, ted = 52mm Vr FCT 36mm RebltadP es |= tse + eet | 3R124S wn ee -R= 1.8755 wm Boe Sats Fla2)"= 804.25 mel = BOK.25 0/0" “P= 2.5xl0° N M = PP = (RSn10%)(B6¥I0* ) = 90 Nem (a) Poiat AZ yp t Rat SHINS 205 INARI me ee RSH _ GOV. 1245%10*) WK Ket, *” gob as io” GALSHIO* Viste! BOM) = WHS. RIO Pa = - AS. MPa irae (b) Point B 2 ype R-ML = SHIAS-S2 = = 17, 8755 mm ~B_ Mye 25th Go =17. 8785 wi) Gor. 25 ¥10°Xi. 2 = IT40x0" Pa = 1724 MPa oa4.198 The split ring shown bas an inner radius r, = 16 mm and a circular cross - PROBLEM 4.198 ‘section of diameter d= 32 mma. For the loading shown, determine the stress at (a) point { A, (6) point B. Oo | SOLUTION iy CH kA= lomm, ye lomm, C= rol 4a. mm ae Feros SR mw Uy = 1 Reales Pe |= bl on fore 7 = 24,8564 mur : @ = F-R oF RIFE mm ri A= Ba 2 Eels 304.25 wm = B04.25%10° w® P= 251 N M= Pre (2SxitVaR*10*) = BO Nem ui (a) Point A> yy RoW, + ARBSC4= IB 13,8564 mon | Ge -P_ Me. RSxIo* _ (9013. BSEH 1o*) = TR Ker, © ~ Go0.28 mo ~ (Rot 2s eto TR REMI CIELO} ql = 948.8 710o Mm = 48.8 MPa = | &) Point BE yet R-Vy = 2.8564 - 4B = ~ 18,1486 mm. OL 2.5 x10 (B0)(- 18. 1486107) | Bonasas? —[BORLSxIO™ (A IISE¥IO 4B RIO ) [ = TWHS eof Pa = 44S MPa -_ \4199 Knowing thet the machine component shown has a trapezoidal cross section PROBLEM 4,199 ‘wih a=3.5 in. and B25 iy determine the tess (0 pint A, () pot . EE so\p-in, SOLUTION Locate centroid IF in| AY, eT 7 ‘oe te 60 123 | . rr Re Ebb + bs) (br, - bn) Dn = bCb,-by) : (0.5)(6)* (3-5 +257 Sa L64.srG10) —(2.5K4)] fn P= CU 85-28) et F-R = 0.4452 in M2 80 kip-in @) yr Ron 68878-4 = 2.3878 iv we My, . _600(2.5878) . e 7 8 +> Fer, = ~ Tayco.uusnyens eee a (b) yg = R-Va F G887B- 10 = - BERR In op Mies - lsc, 3.61 ksi = Rete (48 9(0,4452 910)“4.200 Knowing thatthe machine component shown hes 2 trapemidal cross section PROBLEM 4.200 with a=25 in. and b= 3.5 in, determine the stress at (a) point 4, (0) point 8. FE sissy SOLUTION mic locate centyoid Ajiet| Fin] AB, int ae. a er O75 | 6 4s ‘cin din o 1s @) os | 8 a4 4 eee (aie 124 Re Me 7 ae: JNGCT in (n> bh) Bn = hb, bs) OSE (28+ 35) ae LEsiod- BSH] BaF - GAS- 3-5) er FR = OMT in Mz 80 kip-in, Cw RV = NCB ine we Mae 5 (8olda.ties? 2 : One eR, Telossalay ee fen! eo) ye = R-¥, 73.2232 in Ges - Me oe = 3.24 ksv —_ Ber, ~~ Cavo.suet(ie) ico fe14.201 Forte carved beam and edison, determine the sues (2) PROBLEM 4.201 point B, . ee SOLUTION a aS r locate centroid ES Ame | Bm | AR, vot 7 ©} coo | 45 | 27 x10* Dj 300 | JS | 16.5™10" 250N- ou =| a00 | #3.5%10" : me So ae aSeie 7 48.333 mm. Chive - bat, 2a = bh Coy 6.) = osert(worze) [eor(es) = (2o0(as)] An $8 - GoV(4o - 209 ae e- ¥-R = VA7AS mer M2250 Vem yy = R-K = 1-868 mm, ace 250) ( 11.8608 210° ) Rev, ~~ Goorto\(1.47asxlo™* )( 35 *10% > 63.4 v1" Pa 68.4 MP, me Gore Wyo = R- My =~ 18.1892 mm GF fe: (-250)(- 18. 1392x107) ey, REO MO 1B =~ 52.6 010% Pe (900 x15 114725 (5° ES x17") ie -52.6 MPa me4.202 For the crane hook shown, determine the largest tensile stress in section a2, PROBLEM 4.202 SOLUTION Locate centroid. keas-l oie ee Ama | Fe monl_ Ai, mee ®\ @| 1050| Go| 63108 ®@| 750| 80 | Goxto* Z| 1800 103 «10% | 3s % = 10841? - og 233 sam 1800 Foce - coupe system at centvoid: P= ISxlo* N M= PP = -(/5 x10 )G8.383 0") > 1,025 «10° Nem R: ah (bit be) (ayn - bn) dn = ble be) : (0.5 (60% (a5 + 25) eee Teas \t00) ~ (25xe0d| fa BE = (Go\(a5e25) chide Oz F-R = 4482 mm Maximum tensife stress oceurs at point A Yat RAV, 7 23.878 mm =().028 vto )(43.878 x10 ) (i800 *10°* 14.452 * tor? M0 10" ) OF = 84.7xJ0% Pa = 84.7 MPa. ~4283 nd 4204 Knowing that = kin, determine theses a0 pon 4, 0) point B. PROBLEM 4.203 SOLUTION A= kbh = k(zsVar= 3.75 in’ Fz 241 = Zcocadin b= 2S ins Zin, b= 0, Sin Use Formuda for trapezoid th* Cos be) Qo ee ee (byt = bet) da te - Cb, = (0.5 )(3)*(2.5 +0) = 2.B4S4B in, [(2.51(5) - 0N2)] Pn € - @VRS-0) ez F-R = O.1SHS2 in Mz S kipsin 2) yy = R-N = 0, 84548 in SeoMye ee eenesar ie &* Ren = ~ Gasyoisusayay cues al (e)ygs RMF ~ 21SHSZ in 2 Mys 2 _ OM a2. 5452) i j 8e*- Rev ~~ Tare Mo.1s4siner ae -PROBLEM 4204 [Eaten 420 Knowing tat b= iin emi ete 0) SOLUTION AWC by + be) = — nh Cet be) R Chyte - bah )da & ~ bby~ be) i (0.530425) [OW)-@5)2Y] 2, € = (80-25) e@= ¥-R = 0.14534 in yar R- Nt 1.85466 in 6 = ~ Ma 2 - Gd. 85s i : Aev, (3.75 (0.14534 2) fo) yo= R-M =~ 114534 in 6.2 - te. - Oc ssy) °° Ren, ~~ GI@ns3is? b= oO, WF 2in A= & (a5¥(8) = 3.75 in* Rt A+R = 4.00000 in br RT. Wr S in Use Formuda For trepessia, = 3.85966 in Ms 5 kip. in ~ 8.5) ksi «= 2.10 ksi ~‘c- jana} 4205 Knowing that P= 3.5 kips, determine the stres at (2) point, (8) point B. SOLUTION b= Sing h=3.6in, = Gin A= abh:4@Xae)= Sait We Kehe 2.6 in. PeNsdh= S.2in Reduce seetiun Ferces ty a Force- couple Systen af the cenrvyic) P= 3.5 kips M= PRs SUS2) = 18.2 kipein For a triangular section R= ah tone = 2580) 5.07007 in iS 9,48 -! 3. e@= F-R= 0.127943 in @) % R-W, = 1.07007 in 2-2 Me. _ as _ (18.2) (.07007) : SK "hen, Sa GANCO.1AF98 4) Siti = () yet R- WK =~ 2.52998 In 2-P-Mye - 2S _ _ (1820-25293) 2 : Sa" Ken” 7 SH C.#e.1a998 Ze) 1.99 ies =4.206. Show that ifthe cross section of a curved beam consists of two or more PROBLEM 4.206 rectangle, the radius R of the neutral surface can be expressed a8 4 LL “IS i where 4 is the total area of the exoss section, — SOLUTION ZA A her “S0RAA Zh ese 2 on ey ic ese) races (aaelasian an {4207 through 4209 Using Ea. (4.65, dxve th expression or Renin Fg 4.79 +4207 A dra os secton SOLUTION Use polar coovdinete 2 a shown f : wilth w= 2esing 1 z r Ve Ke cosh | He \ v= 6 sing dv f 7B ewe dA= wade Ze%smn?Z dB Nobo Saks (Tact yp ea 4. © 7c ome = ent) yy al Bro etead a — (FC) 6 AL: S* 5, F ~ ccnp ~ © coe = 2) (Tee emalde = acne)" ee " = IT - ah Bl! + 2c sing], . tanta > 20 epee tan”! Tee eee | = A (T-0) + 22-0) - 4f4FF-e* (EZ ~ 0 ) ant - anvee ie A = wet R A Te Se Rt aferPROBLEM 4.208 SOLUTION + T ‘ es me be b, | Ree ab Gab Ee Presto tend ‘Using Eq.. (4.66), derive the expression for R given in Fig, 4.79 44208 A trpemidal section The sertioe wictth w varies Ameardy with 0 Wwe Cot ce web, at Pen, and web, of Pet b, = Cot Gh bes Cot ON, Tob, - hb, = i= Ni) Co = bce Ce Vgb, = iba ak a: % cote (He S wav = J. Ser Sit dv = todlav le +6 rit = Codn & (A -f) S aby = Vis Batt oe babe h ‘eb, - Vibe ‘e Mab tbs 9, % —(b-ba) 4h? (lor+ be) ~ h(b,- bs)PROBLEM 4.209 SOLUTION 207 tremeh 209 Using Ea. (4.66), drive the exresio or given in Fig 4.79 4209 A triangular cross section The section width w varies dingardy woh t Wee Caar web at PV, and weo of Pah be cot at O= Cor Oty b= OM%-4) = - Gh Gz BP and cee -ce, = bh Sa = Sh tae» [* Sapte 7 co dev | sort = Cole B+ G(e-%) = BGRG we bbs 1) © 2 Bay nt4.210 For a curved har of rectangular cross section subjected to a bending couple PROBLEM 4.210 M, show that the radial stress atthe neutral surface is M(eeinacer — etn) ‘and compute the value of 0, for the curved bar of Examples 4.10 and 4.11. At vadial distance — (Hintconsider the free-body diagram of the portion of the beam located above the Mie ‘neutral surface) Sar “Ker = M __MR Ae Aer For portion above the nevival axis, the wesultant force is HS G&dhe Oba aie Gea R de > Me Dyer - MPG 2 Eben) MEb me Resuptant of Gr FS Gees B ah = Sie; cos > RAB “4. H 4 = BER OF oe 6 aa — at ~ GbR smh I | = reuttant oF = AGpbR cine Gr For equtfibrivn Fp, - QHsin@ = 0 26, bR sing - AUR (1-3 - WH) = 0 6 fe (1- B- He) ~3 PROBLEM 4211 4211 Asin vertical foe Ps aplicd ta shor zl post sown, Gages nod at 4, B, and C indicate the following strains: Fee OW ee=-200 = 500 a a that E= 29x 10* pi, determine (a) the magnitude of, (6) the line of action of (6) the coesponding strain atthe hidden ede ofthe pot, where x =-2.5 jn. and SOLUTION Ik = FGA = 11.25 in? I,* GGUS = gies i A= 6X) = 1sin* - Px HRS in 5 Xe SRS ing X= RSiny My = -2Sin x. Sin» 2515 in, Ze=-hSin, Zo = —hS in 6, = Fey = (2tm10*)(-So0 oF) = = 4500 per = — 14S kes Ga = E&e = Carnie lo00 «Jo"*) = — 27000 psi =~ 29 ksi 6. > Bea = (298 (200 10% ) = = 5300 pai =~ $28 ky Ge + Me + Mee = ~ 0.06667 P = 0.13333 My, - 0.08 M, i) Se - Maze ft te -0.06667P - 0.13388 My, + 0.08M, @) 6. +-f he + yee ~ 0.06667 P + 0.18333 M + 0.08 HM, @) Substituting the values for 6, 6g, ‘and Ge inte (1),@), an! C9 tind spduing the simudtaneous thuations gives My = 27 Rip-in, M}==90.625 kipsin, P= 152.25 Kips 290.625 _ seas 7 0.595 in. ea 87 = 0.87) in, ae - 0,06667 P + 0.13333 M, - 0,08 M, = = (0,06667)()52.25) +(0-13333)(87) = (o.08\(= 90.625) = 8.70 kei a‘42212 The couple M, which acs in a vertical plane (80), is applied fo an aluminum PROBLEM 4.212 ‘beam of the cross section shown. Determine (a) the stress at point A, (b) the stress at point B, (c) the radius of curvature ofthe beam, Use E = 72 GPa. SOLUTION Labed axes y and 2 as shown on the sketch, Ty Ree + 2-AGeruol* 0. 105833 x10°S mm! = 0.05883 10" m" M, = 300 Nem My = 0 ane 2 = Meh - _ (900028810) 5 70.9 x08 ta yt Rm Gm RS - SS reayae 77 F*O Pha MPa. — [ Damm Gy = ~ Made =~ OOMSHIO) = yy ruiot Pa (bY yn F Sem ‘s Osea ones | eM EX, _ (72107 Y(o.tosasgrtos) oe(esl he eee: eee (eae cS =a a 4213 The couple M is applied to beam ofthe eros section shown ina plane forming Leateeheeae ‘on angle B= 15° with the vertical. Determine (a) the stress t point 4, (6) the stress a point B, (6) the angle that the neutral axis forms with the horizontal. SOLUTION Labed axes y avcl 2 as shown on the sketch I, = ElieS0)? + 2-4 Coo) 0,j08883X10% ment = 0. 105938 210% mn® Ty + Elosol* + 2-H Ro}Cio* = 0. 025283 x10 mm’ = 0.025833 2/0‘ m* For A= 1S? M, = $00 sos 1S° = 284,78 Nem My = 300 sin I5S® = 77.65 Nem 9 Bp oS mm Yat 25mm ~~ Maye, MyZe _ _ @84.78)(25 410%) S Eta, 7 7 onessss<7o > =~ -83.5x/0¢ Pa = -83.5 MPa. ~ (e) yg Sm, Zy StS wm 6. = ~ Hele Mas = ~ eeR.TENgeo) 4 {7.65 1G 1S810*) 2 Ty 105883 x10" (0.025833 ¥ 10" = -S8.8%)0° Pa = -58.3 MPa -_ n= Titan & = QOS 4 ise = 1.0977 eae ry + Osoassageio* pz 477° ~) pone ci 4.214 Determine the maximum stress in each ofthe two machine elements shown, «00 SOLUTION For each case M= (Hoo \(2.5) = 1000 Lb in At the minimum section = £OSVULSP = 0. Mogae i CF 0.75 in (@@) D/ds 3/622 Vids 0.3/1.5 = 0.2 Firm Fig 4.82 Ke 1.76 (1.78 \(1000) (0.78) . Kile . La rsilovel(0.78) gaan jot psi = 9.93 ksi ~ Di/d> a/ng=2 Vid = O8/hS © Oud From Fig 4. 31 K= 1.60 Srey Ke 11-69 \Ci900) (0.28, = 8.00%10" pas = 8.00 ksi ~cr 1 PROBLEM 4215 Fe 3P, Me + -E LM o=-5 ‘£218 The four fers sow are applied ta plate supper bya sali sel af rao: Determine th maximum tres inthe pot When al our ioe oe ‘ppled @ theres ot Distmored te foe ea are removed. SOLUTION For a sobd etrevdar section af vadlivs a Aszra> t=Fat @) Centwe force Foup, M=M,=0 6: -£ » ~ AEs - 1.273 P/at - z+ Pa Mt 0 ~Gpaiean cae ze > ~ 2.228 P/a* = ©) Forces al Cand D ave removed F22P M7 -Pa, Mes - Po Resultant bending couple Madman me = 1R Pa 6 -£-%.-8- Se teh g 2.487 Pla me4.216 In order to increase corrosion resistance, x 0.08-in-thick cladding of aluminum PROBLEM 4.216 has been added toa steel bar as shown. The modulus of elasticity is 29 x 10*psi for steel and 10.4 * 10 psi for aluminum. Fora bending moment of 12 kiprin, determine (© the maximum stress inthe steel, (b) the maximum stress in the aluminum, (c) the radius of curvature ofthe bar. SOLUTION Voir = I Toews © Tg + Mat Zetm = dls an? + 0.3586-4[ianisy -UsG.se] = 0.43885 int a) yee Wes 2.57 2 ~ My, U2r(o07) 5 : 6 = MB MO) 2.35 ksi = &) yar BE + 0.5 in 6 = 0, Hoes 0.2806 BIO). 7. 36 tai - gate Segoe ae ceeatanntea CY - aseeeegneee PY Py et OP Bain,” Gano vo.49885) . P= NOStin > 88.3 boaC3 (a) Apidae ameter OL TE a onan een SOLUTION For W 200%19.3 voddec stee) sec“ Ty F 16.6 410% mm = 16.6 x10°% Ty = 11S Hot met = 11S Loe = nyt nmye 2 AEF 10S me Za = ~%o = Ze = 12 = Si mm Mz = (Bet) cos S° = 7.9696 X10 Nem My = - (8x10*) sin S” = tan pF z ten @ = LECT tan GSP} = = 1.2629 pF ~SLG? = SIG ~ S* = 46.6" - (b) Maximum tenside stress oceurs at point D eo =~ Mere, Muze 2 suo) | (o.c92 0° Negi 10) > mt Ty LIS xI0-* = 79.610 Pa = 77.6 MPa =4.218 Threc120 x 10-mm steel plates have been welded to form the beam PROBLEM 4218 Assuming that these! elaioplasic wit £=200 Ge and ov = 300 MiP determine (a the bending moment fr which the pase ane a he tp sad bao of ‘he beam are 40mm thik, (2) the coresponing ras of caratre ofthe bea, +20 eee SOLUTION M 120 mam 10mm Ri | R— + Rs R b——» R. 1 (120 )(ie)= A,= (80) C10= Age (eye d= yr = 6S mm Yet AS mm Ya = 20 mm 1200 mm" Rit GA, =(300 1105 (1200 10° )= 360010 N B00 met R,= 6A, = (300x(0* )(300 «(0S ) = foro? M B00 mm Re EGA, = 4 (2007104 )Cs00 m0") = USnIot NW = 6S ¥1o> Mm = 4S Klottm = 20% 107% m Yd M> 2CRy, + Bye 4 Rays) = 2 flaeor(es) + (ao V(4s) + (4s K204 wy. & wy ee 5 S6.7HIO Nem = S67 Vem ~ = Ey . (200x10°)(a0Kto*) _ cee ae saegee ee =ees: - 9 [res ees ese] =e =] PROBLEM 4219 ™ K ZR, see ™ MI la) Fina? stresses + eis Uh s-46, oe = GEO 4.219 Two thin strips of the same material and same cross section arc bent by couples cfihesame mage an get og” Afr hero sures oon have fen theradis of cura ofeach sip wie the te Drtheradus oftarvane ofeach stip (cs were applied, deterine (2) he fal sresoest punts LBC. tad Pr @) ef as ofervase SOLUTION Let b+ width and £=+thickness of one strip. Loading one strip M=M t= gbt®, c-at Mc, 6M Cu iaaaieee = Me. 12M, Rote? After M is applied to each of the strips the stresses ‘are those given in the sket: above. They are GH 7-G, Ger Gy, A -G, SeeG The tota bending ‘eoupde is’ 2M. Mer gluing, this couple is removecl. M's 2M,, I= qb(at > Zt* c= t. The stresses removed ane estes Meyers = 18M ee ee Abad4.220 Knowing tht the hollow beam shown has a uniform wall thickness of 0.25 in. PROBLEM 4.220 determine (a) the largest couple that can be applied without exceeding the allowable stress of 20 ksi, (b) the corresponding radius of curvature of the beam, 325%n, ae M SOLUTION E=10.67/0° psi te (a T= kb - bho = ZEUsese- b(asrars)® = 6.5096 in? a 3. GoYe.So46) _ 80.1 kip a 162s &s : = && ~ (o.6x1o%)(.625) GY Eom = Bp ee eee Zo ¥1O8 = 86 in = 13 = re rere PROBLEM 4.221 which = 72 GPa. Knowing that the couple shown acts in a vertical plane, determine (@) the maximum stress in the beam, (6) the corresponding radius of curvature, wenger iT 20 if Dimensions tn min Fer outer vectangdet b= Om, he 4O mm T, = bh A (ey4ol* = 0.53667 «10% mn” For one cubout rectangle? b 40m, he 20mm T= be = He VR * 0.02667 10% mm? I= I - 2, = 0.53383 x(oS mm? = 0.53333 x10 m* Ms Sxjo* Nem S20 mm = ZOxfC5 me Gy © = Be. Baer) «12, se10% Pa = 112.5 MPa = &) . = xz a pe ar. Ganionongsssenio*) ya acti eal aa fea ao1 eal (cma Hiss ce (esc eiceat etl 4 osin osis (be) 4222 For the machine clement and loading shown, determine the ares at point PROBLEM 4.222 crowing that (a) k= 09 in, (0) A= 1S in. Point SOLUTION @) hrO.din, Kt OSin Vt 4 iw A= ©.6)(0.9) = 0.54 in* 0.8741 in asia 0.97524 in M=-200 forin ye R= = 0.8740 6, = Mie ..Gaootlo.s7an) — sg esyio® par A Ber, (0.S4) (0.07587 (0.5) : Fa 3.65 ksi a he Sin, 5 O.Sin, Tt 20 im A 20.6065) = 0.90 in? Re oe - = 1.08202 in et R-R = 0.16798 in M= - 200 Mb. in. Ya = RV F 0.53202 im SEEIAY, (-200 (0.53202 : Se Gr — = 1 SHO 10% psi in Rew (o.40)(0.16798 300.5) see GearPROBLEM 4.C1 Aluenigam Stee! See | a —* BEV TIO, 4.01 Two aluminum strips and a ste! strip are to be bonded together to form a composite member of width b = 60 mm and depth f= 40 mn, The ‘modulus of elasticity is 200 GPa for the steel and 75 GPa for the aluminum. Knowing that M = 1500 N » m, write a computer program to caleulate the max- imum stress in the aluminum and in the steel for Values of a from 0 to 20 min wsing 2-mm increments. Using appropriate smaller increments, determine he largest ses hat can occur inthe sel, (b) the corresponding value SOLUTION Fone Series (aue seed) 0 Sareea Sou BIS Foe A= O70 Zo mam USINé Zinm [NTERVALS COMPUTE M, TG Preoskan ourrur J La—s 1 Pap oor Alalsloo-4 (h=20° I = Ea = oa(#) nn Seren + b= 60 mm h-= 40mm M = 2500 Nim Moduli of elasticity: a r eigna alurinun mm om74/10"6 MPa 0.000 0.8533 35.156 93.750 21000 0.7088 © 42-325 101.580 41000 0.5931 50-585 107.914 61000 0.5029 59.650 111.347 81000 0.4352 68.934 110.294 107000 0.3867 77.586 103.448 121000 0.3541 84.714 90.361 14!000 013344 89.713. 71770 16.000 0.3243 92.516 6.600 0.4808 62.447 122.572083 61610 0.4800 62-494 111572159 61620 0.4797 62.540 311.572113, Max Steel Stress = 111.6 MPa occurs when a = 6.61 mm Corresponding Aluminum stress = 62.5 MPa Doses ee Cec cee) ae Cosel te ieeca] | il t