Professional Documents
Culture Documents
earnln
James Valentino
Joseph Goldenberg
LEARNING
MASTERCAM
X8
LATHE
Step
by
Step
James Valentino
Joseph Goldenberg
ISB N 978-0-8311 -3511 -9
Industrial Press.lnc
32 Haviland Street Unit 2C
South N orw a lk , CT 06854
Copyright 102015
by Industri al Press inc.. Printed in the Uni ted States of America All rights
reseevec. This book, or any parts thereof may not be resproduced, stored
in a retriva l system , or transmitted in any lorm wrthout the perm ission of the
publisher
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
CONTENTS
C H A PT E R - 1 INTRODUCTION TO Mastercam XB 1-1
1-12 Setting Working Param et. ,. Vi. the System C<>n~g u,ab on Di alog 8 0. 1·21
2-13 Filling the Existing Geometry to the Screen Display Area 2·18
Exerci•.,. zc t
E. ercis""
E. ercis"" ,.,
C H APTE R-S C·AXIS CAD OPERATIONS '·1
5-1 Cha pter Obj""""e. s
5- 2 An Example 01 Generahng C-a.i. 'A\'elr. me Geometry s
E, erci.es
'.'
C H APTER -o C·AXIS OPERATIONS ,.,
6 -1 Cha pte r Obj""""e.
6-3 E. ...cioes
1- 1
CHAPTER - 11
INTRODUCTION TO Mastercam XB
1-1 Chapter Objectives
Aile, com pleting this chapt... ~ou"';l1 be abje to:
1, State the system , equ irements l or installing Ma. lercam A8
2 Describe the general p ,oce • • of gene ra tinll " word address program iii. Masteream X8
3 Know the !'I p<! ' of i l. s created by M••ta",am X8
4 Understand how to start Ma s 'eream X 8
5 Describe the nine gene ' . 1elements of MaSle,eM> XS', inte,lace "';ndow
6. Stale how 10 selthe . yslem'. wor king parameler.
7. Understan d the b. si c concepts of Goiew, V iew, WCS , Cpl.n. and Tplane
8 Kn ow h ow to lIS. Itt. Hel p. Sa ve , and Ex it ""mmanOs
p oMUOII N
"'......
_.~~
~
(~~'
••• Command. to be typed
at th. hybOMd appe a'
in bold
w' en placed next to example. and e. erei.... , tI>ol lco<1
in dical.... fil . b y rh. U rn. ",.m . /s 0" rh. "" cl o sed CO _
® C~
The sludenl can 9 . t th. fl' . ""d follow th. ""'rll
Inter actively
DemoltamoLoai lliliQ
Mulercarn U ln .lOli s
'0
Documenlanon
ConlaetU.
""1 part to be machined using Ma. !f>rcam X 8 software musl fi....l be drawn uS" Qedher
the Masterc"", X8 compuler aid ed dralling (C AD) packag e 0( imported from another
CAD paCkage such as AutoCAD Of SolidW orks. The pa" geomeu1 Cl eated by the
CAD pac kage is used direclly by the computer ai<led machining (CAM) pac ka ~ On
.peci fyi ng th e location 01 ma chin ing cycles and in the <let....mination 01 the
corresponding 1001 paths . Ultimatel y, the CAM package produces a IXlrnplete word
ad dress p r0ll'am l or machining . specified p art on a particular CNC machine
1001 (10 learn more about word addr ess pr og,amm ing relet to IntmducbonlO Compulet
Nu me, ic. 1Conllol 51h Ed by J.V alenh no and J .GoIdenbetg . published bjI Pl entice Hall
T he seq ue nce ot .teps to be Iollowed to direct Maslercarn XB to generate a word address
progr am lor a mWing CNC machine tool are shown in Figure 1- 1.
1.4 c:: H A PT E R I
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1-6 CHA.PTER 1
Th" ope,ato, wil l " ncounter various fil e u ten" "" name. On the oourse 01 worl<ing
WIth Ma. I"", ,..,, X8 .o/twa' e , The eolen .ion name' ond the" mean ings a' e I'sled
below ;n one place 1« quic~ , ererenc..,
a} CONFIG Fi la
The . yole m det ilU~ .alu... suoh a. unlt• .allocation. , toleranoe. , NC . etti"9's, ''''''en
and CAD .elrmg. are stor ed in the oonfiguration fie that has tP>e e' lenS/OIl .CONFIG
b) MCl..a Files
Alt the pdrT geometry gene,aled in OESIGN mode and loci pain infOl'mMion c'ealed
in MI LL mod<> i• • to, ed in ftle. thal ha.e the " xl" oS/on .M Cl..a
cj MATERIALS Fila,
Ma. terc,"", XB ha. an ulen.ive lib,ary 01va,iou. mate,ials . The informati on
on " particular materral i••tored in the mate ,ials file with enension .MATERIALS
Masl,,'cam X8 u. ... lhi. info' mot;on to ""Iomar'cally ...1 til.. ~m ..n<I..a
."...,a. ana f.... a. for 0 pal1icular cutting tool u.ed in 0 machining operation ,
The ope ,atOl' Can also m anually e nt" r desir"d . pe eds and I""ds.
d} TOOLS Files
Tho loo/Iibrary fil". WIth th" e. t"".ion .TOOLS contain a comprehe n, ;"e ,et or the
moot common tocl, 10 be oele<:l"d in orde' 10 executo tP>e machining of a part
I) NC Fila,
Th...e file. conta in the word . ddrass parT program. Maslaream X5 use. a
particula, .PST ~ Ie and e selected .NCl file to generale the ""nesponding
,NC file . Th" .NC ~ I e is sent to the CNC machin " 100l lar prOduOO1g the pall
CH A.PTER 1 1- 7
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La1tl e paCkage
Mastarcam wHI then chan ge th e main inte,fac e window listing 110m Design to Lathe
CHAPTER 1 1-9
T~ eMe.le '""m x e Lathe main inler lace wi ndow ...imilar to any other _ ,,>Ow thaI i. ....ed ill
the Wi ndows operalrn~ . y. tem, The interface WIndow """.isto
01 ";,,e ~en eral e lements:
o menu bar
o tool bar.
o autocursOl ribbon bar
o ~e n era l • •I.ction ribt>on bar
o current functron ribb"" bar
o <>perali"". mana9<r
o gra "" ic. window
o . tatu . I>o r
o MRU(most recently ....ed) llK1 r:tion bar
AIIIOCU''''''' _ _
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Ei Roctanglo
r,) Roctangulor CA~ "'''''
OPoIj gon
OE"'P"
oJ '""
~ Hol'"
Toolba .. are aehl of buttons thaI execule M..le.cam functions T ""ba.. are normaNy docked
bUI they oan be u n d o o ~ e d and , elocated by clicking " n thei, "grab" handle. TooIabrs oan also
be res haped a nd customized,
fUXfT/.W; I f'l'.\'('IIO." /.\ .·1 roW.R. IR
I F""En"",
I<iii F"', Cha....
®' Chomfor E"""""
~ Cho_ ChO'"
~ Move the mous e eu..", on ' he grab ba. and Pless the lell mouse bUlloo <D
~ K eepln, the left b u lto n d ep Al' sed, move ' he .oolb . r 10 its new Io<aboo @: rele•• e .
/If;o\O/l·I P I.U; 1.\' C YIJ(K'Iif;IJ TOOI.II.l R
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,-
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~ Move th e curso, near the edge ol th e loolbar unl il th e double hea<led arrow appears
~ Depre.. the l et! mouse button and h epl ng It dep ress ed drag il 10 posibon @"elease ,
/If'-.llO l 'I V ; or 1/)/)1." '; rl) 0I. 1I. 1 1I,~ H I TIlt; rsrcer .I n; I>ISI'U I
~ Left Click
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ntmoved e h""k o ff
@ the
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when dooe
1-12 CHAPTER 1
AUTO CURSOR RIBB ON BAR
AuIOW'SO' is used 10 auto m'Hlclilly d el ~l."d snllp 10 cem.n poinllocabOfls on
g,aphic enbbes di.played on tho .c reen This is done as the """,at<>r mo.es the mouse
cur-sor o_. r the onlibes . Snap locabon. include endpoints. e""ters ol.res, inl"",ectJ<>ns ,
mid!>0ints. etc . Autoeurso, is a.bv.ted every time Masle' eam prompts the ope ralor 10
select a locat ion on the .creen. Upon detecti ng a . napped polnt loc.tion autocursor
displays a .....i. u. 1cue" 10 the right 01 ttle cursor, Cue. include:
+", en dpoinl . nap
X inter-section pointsnap
o center 01 arc sn ap
II Autocu'so, does nol deloct any points 10 .nap to rt aulemabcally defaults to ttle Sketcher
hmcbon The operalor tben e nto.. tho point location u";ng co<>retinat... ,
Aotoeu,....
lil:1ftjlif1ttt:::liOP:JiI -t .. X + (f)
.1" .-rnvc 1.\ '1' LUUn\(; ,1 1'l0C! 'H.I 'OH .\Y·II' toe tHO,IS
~ Dynamic Rotation
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GENERAL SELECTION RIBBON BAR
The General Selecbon ribbon b ar io used 10 oele ot ""libea diSj>oyed in tr.e grapl1ics window
Gen,,,.1 Se lection i. aeri"" ally t,m"lhe operaror i. 1101 ill an aeti"e function suoh a. S kelche r,
Ana lyze or View Manipulabon , General S~ e cti on is acti';a led by Mastercam X8 runclon. ltIai
pfOmp! lt1e operator to o" eel e n t ~ i es
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vALlIE 1'r
Toolpaths .,. Q- •
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/,Ia""ream xe has a lell click sele choo fea lul e . lI the op elator left cO cks
on th e SEL ECT/ON rt re m ains locked 1/1 !hal mode until ft>& operalor
left dlcb 0" !he u le d i. " e'l";'" II lhe opera tor ' e ft ckc ks in th e VALUE
b ox it is in e ffec t for .. si/l'l'" onty. .""nt
CH APTER 1 1- 15
121 D ~IIJ
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iii 15
Toolpaths ., i-. I
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'" ,,'. ''''- ,,! -two- I -I' .. . 1 I "'''' "1- " 1- -1- - 1"'- 1'
.. move the mouse curso, on lI>e boun darv 01 the rib l>oo bar and pten tile len moose
bullon <D
.. keeping Il>e let! burro /! depr-eued mo ve th e ,ibb on ba, to ilS new locabon @
and release,
• hoting al l machi ning op " ,ati"" s in the order which "'ey w;1I occu,
• bacl<pl orrin g and verifyl"'1 toolp aths fo, listed machiMing "!,,,rations
• editing any 01 Ihe mac hining p a,am el ers 01 listed operabo06
• re -oequenci flf} Ihe o, de, 01 IiSfed machining "!"'l ations
• dfllellflg list ed mach ining "!,,,lab"".
• creal mg rt<I'" machimng opelabons by copyi ng nisl ing ones and edl\ing
• postprO<'e'Siflf} a wo,d ad dress pa rt ptogram
1-16 CHAPTER 1
HHlLlSli TI/f; P ·I.W: WIIJIH or Till ; I!I'Ht I TW .\ S .11cl ,Y, llil.R
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~ ... l-o '"!liI ~, "' I " "'I!liI ~ 1i01..!,.ldl
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• Move th e cursor " e", th e e dge 01 the toolba r u ntil the dou~e headed arrow appean:
• D.. pru s Ih .. lpft mous~ button and h .."in'l lt d ep re ssed drag ~ 10 pos ition @) : rel~ase
T h~ Op~ral ion s Manage r i . di.pla y ilI lu r n ~ d on. by del atil T h ~ "I'~ral()f can loggi ~ the dioplay
off or on by us ing t he $hort-cul keys on the k e yt>o ~ r d '
Ma>lercam XB display. lh~ following indi cal o," in l h ~ graphics window 10 k~ ~ p th ~ "I' ~'alor
upd~led with i mp ortant p~ ,~meter 5 rel ating t o the job al hand These include:
Gplane Gnomon
Masler<am X8 displa y. the Cpla ne gnomon
in the upp ~ r I~ ff cor ner oll h ~ Grapflics Wndow ,
Thi. indica te. the o<ienlation 01 the Cplane.
fp/ana Gnomon
Master< am X8 displays the Tplane gnomon
in the up p~ r nghl com", 01 the G, aphics Wndaw
to . how the Tpl ane'. o,ientation Thi. indicate.
the orientation 01the to<>l
WCS Gnomon
The WCS gnomon i. displayed at the <>rIglll
01 Ihe C U"~ nt WCS and indicates its cUffenl
or i ~nta!ion . The colo< of the \NeS gnomon ..
• et in the View Manager dialog box,
MOUSE CURSOR
T he Grap hics cursor is used as a pomrmgf ,aentl/ymg
device, The loca lton 01 a poinl can be inputted
b ~ moving the curso, to a location in the
Graphics Wi ndow and pr.ss ing the mouse button
T he cursor is also used to iden'ify which obje-cts
in t he Graphics W ndow are 10 be ope'ated on by
th. currenl command
1-18 CHAPTER 1
STATUS8AR
Masterc"", XS 's stalus bar i s posilioned al the bonnm of !he main inl erface "';ndow The len
.ide of Ihe stalus bar dispiays .Ialu' m..s.age. and l he right si de enables the ope,al'" 10
specHy Important parame l«" .<>Irlng. , These include entily creation ""pes(20 ,30 ) , orient al "",s
(Gview and Plan..), depth (Z ), enl ily color. levels on which in f ",ma~ oo Os piaced, i ne
Iypeslwi<fll,s and poinl lypes(attributes), view sellmgs(WCS) and Groups
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CH APTER 1 1- 19
MRU FUN CTI ON BAR
The MRU(M05t Reoently Used) function b. , isloo'led 10 the right olthe m.in inle,l.oe
window . M.. tero&'>! X8 ke eps tr.c k 01 l!1e I"" fun cl ion Ihe opewO/' sel"'ted and Creale, ..
bUllon fO/' ,t In Ihe MRU to%ar . The MRU m. ke, the mo.t ,e, ,,,,tty used funotion. ea",Jy
acces sible to, us e again in one location.
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1-20 CH APT E R 1
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By <lelault Mastere"", x e has the eoflrmuClJS display for tt1 e WCS gnomon set to 0". The
ope rator can change this setbng to on $0 the loca t,on oitr.e worlr;ng origin is 'Mplayad IN ali
~ ma. Beginners a lso find il he lpful 10 n a ve the Lea<n<ng Mode pro mpts t>rned o n when
e xe cu ling function.
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L . ~ L ~ L L L L . LL L U L L i
L ~L L LL ~ L L LL L ~ L L L [ n
~ . ~ • • • L LL . L L oL LL .
L LLL L ~L ~ ~~ LL L LL ~
L L.:. t!. L L ~ L l.:.. l..tLLL L L L ,a I
)
8 L L L ~ L L L L L L~ L LL L L
~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~
~ ~ ~~ L L L ~ ~ ~ L L L L L L
L L ~ LL L ~ LL L ~LL L L L i
~
~
~
-
CHAPTER 1 1- 25
SPH'IIT/.U; PI;/: I n r n-TTI.YGS FOR I V'I.\T.I.YP u n HI1EI' .I S I ) u n; 1I111rl/.~
:" A_ r.\
;.._ - Y
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. , . CAOS_
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. Click e Conve,ters
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;
to ·
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x
@ @". lID • A<)m,n • My O<>cum,nIO • my mc. ",,8 • CONFIG • ~I SHfch CON FIG P I
Orll"n". "
'it Ma. t" ca m)(8
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8120l2'0 14 1.2 3 PM F ~. lo l d a r
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m. h.,a<l mca m>8 ••
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F,Io nam. mcam, •
S• • • • s type E====~~==9~1
Ma. l.,cam Co n fi~Ul atioo F ~ o( · . c o nll ~ 1 •
1I Ca ncol
. Chck e III mymca"" B ; e nte' the nam e 01the n ewcoofigura~on Iile m yc on fig1
• To "l'en • cu.tomize d configuratioo lil a, m ycon f;gl , opan the System Configu ratioo dialog box
Not e· it is a""'sable 10 save you r cu. lomrz<>d configu'a~on fi le(a) ",!h e. tension ( .C ONFIG)
to a FLASH diive th at wa y the y ora readily ava l.bl. if r. storation ia ne.<Ie<!.
CH APTER 1
-, .,. .,
Mur. rum HoIp
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".
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Moorerca", Hetp
•
• Toolpal" Manago,
o Solido Manage,
•
Welcome 10 Mas teroa m He lp The , nQ below.... llIk. you
Ma. terca m Help to help topice a boul ttle ",..teroa '" ." n<lOw and nllOorl
....I!t Welco me to Ma.te rco", Help 0• •
I....
....Q: Ma chmo delIn,l on.
Q: Cont rol de h'''Mn•
• Status ba r
• A~ I,lonag. '
1.••• Ql Cu,tom\Z,ng M..to,oam ."t~
Addotlonal resoorces pr"" ,<lod with Ma.le rc. m a re loc alod
in "'. lOooom.nt",on fold. r in yoor I,l..l. « a m
I n . ta ~ ab oo
•
CH APTER 1
!I!J .. .,.
M..,etca... _p
•
~ , -~
r Maote ,c.m He lp
•..·1iI We lcome
•.•~ Maste,,,,, m ,nt'odcnon
•
Common Mastercam buttons
In M••tero. m, \ne,e . re buno.... that .ppe.' in mott
0' m. ny ''''og booxe, .nd bobbon ba iS A few olth...e
m.y . ,. 0 .ppe. r ,n toolb. " 0' men"" . Th.... common
bunon. n.v. univ. r... 1 f"n ction, th'o ughout tne
;"iji}P",... te,ce m onte rla"" inte" oce. The i, ,m. ge, . nd functiono' dellC' ipKIna . re
n fol lows
'@'!'
. Interl. c. ove<VI.'"
I :.•(l] M••w com inte rlace
I :"f!l G,a ph<"" ""ndow "" O
[IJ . [!J Ilelp - Open. tno M• .,. 'c.m
n~ p , y. t. m to the topoe . peerl"
, :..f!I Dyn. m,c Gnomon
•••
; r- Masle,c. m . M ncut
I" f!l comm on ~le,ce ...
to 111• • ct" . d1 Blog bo,
0< nbbon b. r
~ . ['71
OK · FIXe. lhe Irve e nlTy l""'a,e
1"f!lTool bars .pphcable ) .nd clo.... the dialog
!..f!I Prompts box 0' ,ibbon ba r
!..; RiQht_c1 ic~ monu.
!.. Lo. rning m<>de and Apply _ Corn• • 0.... ,he c""'lfll
!..~ D. t. ontry . hortcuts ~. reF ) ta,k ""th oh"" e n • • ltJ ngo. Fo,
..am ple If you ere.t. a lin. from
!..~ Ma.tercam '. bou,n ," 2 . ndpoi nts, choos ing the Apply
l..f!I Root and Imm. do.te buM" ~xes the ~ " e ""th tne
.•••Q Fil. converoion s" octod endpoints. le ngth . nd
••.. QGeom.try c re. ti cn poo,too" a nd 01)'1• . P'....mg the
.... Q "" Ch,,'" ""~m~o". Ent", k. y perfo,ms ' ho • • ma
r···Q Control d" hni"on. !unction
I··..Q Machmin g E",. nIIa lo Note:'M1e n you you u.. tne Apply
1··..
QTOOIP.tl'l$ buMn tha do.log box 0< nbbon
b. r OO... oot clo. " and Ihat
1
!....
8
.•••Q Bac kplot\lng toolpa\l'l$
•.... Mach,n. $<mulaIJon
C""tomizing ",• •te re•
!unct",n 'em.'.... ocWe until you
. ..1 "SIng the OK bunon
• Ca nce l - O""es dialog ""X . nd
11f) cancels any tnk curren1l>' in
, prog'''''• . P'.ui ng ESC pe<to,m.
tna s .ma tun<l>On •
N olO:
l:QI.-...to u bie C ~c king tI:!J I'ighf C lic k
o,.on . '
clo.e. 111" contents c.... . ,
. . ,Al0ubie C ~c king Click"'-
• on the top;o
Aj opens Iheconlento ••
G "" on the ,,,, 0
CHAPTER 1 1-31
lS1.Ui r llf; .IT l R{" 1I r .IR HI ,\ '. 1' ·/ fi. ·l n IIH T'
. Cho ~ @ in the I< e y wo,d boo a n d ente; ttle .ea ' <:!l word- LATHE TOOLPATHS
•
,_ .._"" ...,oh '" @---.
ILATHE TOOLPATHS : t : J J Add ing a l ail slock
I'''' --~','''"'..''',oc'',','-',','.',,,''',.' o'••
'~.-cl-'-'-''-'-o-.-'.-.-.-"-,,-,-_--.-.-,-, 1
, tho qUIll , ond • ""nto, Sot1lng thi s up in Maoto.cam i, a tw<)-
_
.tage pro"""
-.
_ • • 0
"."" "" (9)
' ' ' '' _
.... • Fotlow t ho ,lop" In th.. plOcodu, o to . ~ ~ tho lolt. tock
"'" /
-"""'-...''' -
I>o<ty in tho "'aeh,no D a~n rtio n Monoge, Th" component
,"" """0 11\. t. o". to><;" bl oc ~ oM 'lUil
_ "'1' " . "", ,_
.... .......__._.,,,
_ " _ • . ohuok. , ""'.... • The n, tolioW lh. .. . te po to o~ ~ a ee nto' component to the
.........''''''''' ta.l.loek in tho Toolpalh "' anage , a. part of the machin•
~"" "' g, oup p, ope rll...
-"",,,,.o, .
.... Con'<>.. ..
'"~
~ n_
~ . ••
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, •
1·32 CH APTER 1
1-14 Saving a Fi le
T/J.U ll; .lt'll.1:
-
D
--_......
Now
1
• Clic k
~ Open
~ File MorgoiPonem
• Ed1llOp. n Ext.ma l
~ SO""
~ S...A.---®
x
. Click ® in fhe ffle nam e b ox: ente, the name oflhe file 10 I>e saved EX 1_1 JV
Se ar eh my mcam, a
m s hared meam, a I
fJ Ex l .1JV }lj
IT] Me X
•
Fde name l,':',', ·,' :N'- ., 11AJ Masterea m )( hl "l" mC1<) •
I(
l u nzoom J or
"
Displays the geometry at the scale ofilia previous zoom . If no previous zoom exists
the system will reduce the geometlic display by lIalfils original size . Unzoom can be
u sed a maximum of eigllt limes to reduce the current geometric display .
•
L,
, -u ,
L,
t.
~
, ,
.. ...........,u....--
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3
IZoo m SOIe<:1e<! 1 g
The eperater first identifies the enMoes tc be con sidered in the scaling &at. VVhen
Zoo m Selected is click ed Mastercam scales the set such that rt Ms the graph ics
windew disp lay
L
.. C, ck ® ® comen olll1 e zoom w;"dow 10 idol1hly the 0111,1",. ,n Iho .callng . 01
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3-2-1 CH APTER 3
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Ill my mcam,S
•
"
Na me
D EX2_1N
Oat. mO<l<l,ed ..
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,
Save
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x
My Documents ~ my moamxS 0 0 0 0 ~ I SeBrOflIYC p I
,..
Now folder E ·
}t"' Maste room X8 • Name Oat. mO<l<lied
S . v.
II Co n~
CHAPTER 3 3-27
Masle rcam wi ll then ge n",al" the word address part program, o pen the Code Expert and
display i1. The op e,a10< can edit th e p,ogram and/or send ~ 10 machine tool b1 se lecting
[l] Send ftle
''''''''.0·_ -.
-_
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•
CH A.PTER 3
EXERCISES
3-1) Get "' e CAD model fil e EX2-2 crealed in Cl1 apte<2 , Using PROCESS PLAN 3Pl
generale "' e part program 10 produce lroe parhl10wn in Figure 3p-l ,
!2=:063{2PLI I
~ ,-
/
_ .375___
2 D P PD nL~ D r P ....T
"~ DP . .. .. TD .. C .. . ... . ..
' N C AD
ers
1.188
Figure 3p_l
CH APTER 3 J p-2
1Ir I
e oeas
GRIP LENGTH
"",
[LEFT MARGIN )
".
I LE ~G.l!:! 1
10 lRIGHT MARGIN I
PROCESS PLAN 3P 1
No , Operati on To oling
, ~ ,.c c ho
~
'"
2
"DU OH T U R H 00, C U V~ , e .
I N X .H O Z ' OR " 0. ' . " ' '''0
-, - - ,125 EXTENO END OF
CONTOUR
,~ .
-~
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FOR FINISH CuT
N1," "'~" C",, " ,
" A. ' . '
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PA OCESS PLAN 3P.1( ot>l_) ,
No. Operation Tooling
3 ~ ... ,. .. 00 C"" '''u. ....... .....
,,aD ~ , ,, , . ,, , ,, .
""1L
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COOfTOUF/
....,\1......... _
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-
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LF/,,, , ,
M_ __
/
- .r """.
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CH APTER 3 Jp-~
3-2) Ge t the CAD model file EX2-3 created in Cha pter2, Using PROCESS P LAN 3P -2
gene rate the part p,ogram to produce the pari shown in Fil1're :lp·2
/ ,1 25. 45· CHAM ~ ER I Material: 303 Stainle""
( 6T5 REF)
7!-
I\( ~
<, r R,09 13 Pl)
" 4 ,25
1 ~t
" 00
-f "uo "' 90
- OJ
/'
"
1/
1-00_ 20 ' OOL ~" ' " O~
Figu re 3p _2
3p.S CH APTER 3
C HUCK
oioo MARGIN I
\ STOC K
'--.-v.,"l
-,, .. 'r--'
Part Ori!Ji"
r '
"'.ZS 10 0 I
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0 Il E NG TH I ! RIGHT MARG N I
I l U T MARd 'N )
CHA P TE 3 J 6
.
PROCESS PLAN 3P:2
No. Operation Tooling
, ~ ..c. . . . 0 '1:." T ..... . ...
f---- M..m.l R . - -
"--
'--,
. "'~
3 .. 0 ...... T .. .. .. 0 0, , , ,y O . D ' ... " ....0 II .......... . . .. ... ... '1:." T . . .. _
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PROCE SS PLAN JP·2( 'OfI~nuod )
No. Openlltioo Tooling
3 ~ ... ,. .. 0 0 " ........... "gO>
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'O EXTEND ENOOf
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ty
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-
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C HA PTER 3 J p-8
3-3) Get ttle CAD model file EX2-. created ;n Chapter 2. Using PROCESS PLA N 3P-J
gene, ale !he part p,ogram 10 produce !he part sh""", in Fil'Jfe 3p-3.
~L r R 200
1
' ni R.' '40 , 25R ,1:
J, 1
063 . ,5" CHAMFER •02.~
- TJ
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s ro
0 I , EI: GTH ! IRiGHT "'AR G'N !
I , E'n "'A RGIN !
PROCESS P ~ , 3P 3
No. Operation Tooling
, .- ~ c . "'''0 II :> :> T .. ~ . ....
O~
T""~
\ STOCK
"-
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3p-1I CH APTER 3
PROCESS PLAN 3P-:l< conlmued )
10 AOO l iNE
i ~."" "
<" D . ,
r
CH APTER 3 3p- 12
3-4) Get the CAD model file EX2-5 e,eated in Chapte, 2 _Using P ROCES S PLAN 31'-4
Qene' ate the part proQ,am to produ ce the part shown in FiQU,e 31'_4
06 , 45' CH>. Mf ER
R.06(3I'l ?
V R.25(2 Pl J
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-
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Figure 3p"
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CHAPTER 3
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You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this
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You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this
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book
Jp-2J CHAPTER 3
moo""o' ' 00 " _ ,OC
• . I~r
I~
CHUC K
~ :
/- Part Origin
,/.'--
LJ f---- l0
C H APTER :3 J p·14
PROCESS PLAN:W. C<)(Ir"'....d )
No. Operatioo Tool ing
, H CC K"D ' /:. lI TO• • , _
a D ~ u . ..,....
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\
~N'SHE D P" RT OUT UNE
0.- r-n"--
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0- t.:
110 I-- 0 _
I
0 -_
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01
0 ·_
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-~
Jp• 2<;• CHAPTER :3
-'-
=
-
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I .005 I
IN\\ ~ j;,;T"'
_ .. _~z
[0 I
1-- "I) I
[j[]
rna eJ ~ [ t= ' 1I
113. a -- [i'][I[] rn
"":II' ="I
R OIIgh j Semi- ( 1-3
f lnlah Option-1
',"'~r0 ' ~-
= ~n
.o.l'TER S EUI.f'IOlISH CUT
~s._..
... . I
-
,/
C H APTER :3
Rough ! Semi-
finilh Option·2 .~
'''~ N_' ~
\~
003 l EfT
"':TEA SU I.-F ,restt C1Jl I~I
-
S
IROUgh / Semi-
flni5hO~
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CH APT E R ::I
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CH A. PTER :3 J p· l8
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' -I
CHAPTER - 4 [
GROOVING AND THREADING OPERATIONS
4-1 Chapter Objectives
An. , com pl.~n Q this enaple< yoo wil l be able to ;
1. Evo ke lhe groove command
2 Speci fy the g,ooving oplioos
3 Speci fy Itle 9''''''''; ng 1001
4 Specify Ihe rough Q"""'. parameters
5 evoke the thread command
6 Obtain the thrudmg tool ""d inserl.
7 Specify th e thre a d s hap'" par.mele "'_
8 Speci fy th e thr ead OJ! paramelers
r
o"" ,aba M on the part .hown in Figure ~ - 1_
2-llUNC· 2A
~ 125 .05' CIiAMf ER
a
, O.
-
- - - - - - ,=
Figu.. ..'
CH APTER 4
PROCESS PlAN 4 I
No. Operation Tooling
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CH A PT E R 4 ' .J
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• c eTA I N T M E N E E D E D '" '3 2 CD " CU G .. " ' G M T T C C L
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CHAPTER 4
,_... _-
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CH A PTE R 4 4-5
• II: N T II:R T . . II: R OU .... " N O .-,N, . .. .. R OO V IN . . M " " H IN IN .. " " R " M II:T II: R "
0
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CH A PTE R 4
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EXERCISES
( .1) Ge nerale lhe 20 p rofile ollhe part shown in Figu re ( 1'_1 Use P ROCESS PLAN ( 1'_1
as aI1 aid in ge M'8 ~ ng lh e parlp,ogram 10 l"odJu Ihe p art
00 . 45- CHAMf ER
om
. , sa
2 ,3232
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Figure 4p·1
~p -2 CH APTER 4
OI OD MARG''l 1
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GRIP LE'lGTH ..
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c I LENG TH I
ILEn ",lRG N I
CH APTE R 4 ~ p-J
STOC K
v r,'t,nil
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CH APT E R 4
PROCESS PLAN ~ P . l ( _ hII•...:!)
No. Operation Tooling
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( ·2) Ge nerale the 20 p rofiles offh e p all sh own in Fil1're (1'·2. lise PROCESS PLAN (P ·2
a s an aid in ge n" '8~ ng fh e part program 10 I"MJU fhe 1'"11
ra
,
~
,.,.
'00
,~
'00
Figure 4p-2
CH A PTE R 4 ~ p-7
HUCK
,,, ST OCK
OIODMARG'N!
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GRIP LENGTEJ- ~ 75
0
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!LENGTH !
10 l RIGHT MARG N f
!LEFT Ml RGIN!
CHAPTER 4
'I
STOCK
- "'~
-1 ~_10
C HA PT E"-'<..... --'J""- , .,
PROCESS Pl.A"l ~ P - 2 ( cOtlt.nuedl
No. Ope ration Tooling
2
.
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4p· IO CHAPT ER 4
PROC ESS Pl.A"l ~ P - 2 ( cOtlt.nuedl
No. Operation Tooling
4
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4p-12 CH APT E R 4
PROC ESS PL.»l ~ P - 2 ( cOtlt.nued l
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CHAPTER 4 ~p- 1J
~ · 3) Ge nerale the 2 0 p rofiles of th e p an sh own in Fil1're ~p " 3 _ lise PROCESS PLAN ~P " 3
a s an aid in ge n" 'a~ ng the pan program 10 pl MJU the pan
0 ;1.00
0'.50
se
'0 '0 a D D~' L D ..- aT
D _ T D .. c .
'N C " D
se
OI OD MARG N I
hl1' Ori in
( --_·_----·---1 ;!;"_.-
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'-,
GRIP LENGTH r
! LEFT MARGIN ~ o
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ILENG TH I
PROCESS PlAt#P·3
N' . Operat ion Too ling
, ~.~ C E ~ <>
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0 <> "t " ~ N ' N "
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2 "o~ .." ~~~
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Operation
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4p- 16 CH APT E R 4
PROCESS Pl.A"l ~ p.3( cOtlt'nued l
No. Operation Tooling
~ I - - 1----,I
e::..----
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O· _
CHAPTE"-'<..... -"=
-4 - 17
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4p·20 CHAPT ER 4
I-
._0 II , ,"
•
I
- r ~--
I' •, •'
- .a..
I~~ "···==6000.
.~ l
,,'................
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C H APTER 4 4p. 21
~ p . 3( cOtlt.nuedl
PROC ESS PL,AA Ope r ation
No. Tooling
. ....... ... .. .
.. "'".,..... .
9 '0 0 '
" . . . ~ . . .. 00
-- ---
O~
.-
. -=:
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-
-Ip-U CHAPTER 4
4-4) Ge nerate the 2D p rofiles 01 the p art shown in FigJre 41>-"1 _lise PROC ESS PLAN 4P-4
as an aid in gen Ofating the pa rt program to produce the part,
R. 13 {6PLSl
' 00
a 00
e •
3 .............
. ..... .. a.... ~ ...,. .. "" CI _ <>v. , . 'av ' .OOG ,.. ....... z ......
" . 0 6 :1 ,
-- 0 '_
... .0 6 :1.
<><> 0 _"" ,-
. ,.....
M .- 0
0
0
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'_
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i
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I "''' . ,~ I
-
INDEX
CO,"fIG 1-6.1 .27 CAU 1.1. 1.3. 1.4, 1·6. Cplane 1.1. 1.11, 2. 1. 5-4.
DEFAULTS 1·)6 1·21, 2-1. 2·20. 3-1. 3·3 . 5-11 .5-1 3,5·14.5-16
,GMP 1·36 4· 1. 5- 1, 5-3 cru" contour 5-1 . 5·11 . 6-1 .
,MAT ERIALS 1-6.1 -)6 CAM I- I. 1-3, 1-4, 2·2 0 6-20,6-21
MCPOST 1·6 cancel <urrenl <"'n ",and e",,,drill 5.1.5. 14.6.1,
,MCX 1-.16. 1·37 1·20 6-22.6·2.1, 6·24. 6-27
,MCX -R 1-6 C·axi.5-1,5-3,5 ·7,5-11, curwr 1-2.1-1 1
,MMO 1-36 6-1.6-17.6-1 8, cutoff, 3-19, 3-20,3 -22.
,I';C 1-6 6·20 - 6·27 6-28,6·29
l\C1 1_6 CD 1·2. 1·34, 3·1 .Ul1inglwl, 1· 1
,OrERATlO~S 1·.16 centerpoim 2·7,5-8.5-15,
,PST 1-36 5-17 n box 3 - ~, 3-9.3 -16, 3-20•
.TOOLS 1·6,1 -36 chain button 3. 12,3 .15, 6·8,6-9
Z2G 1· ) 5 6· 11. 6-L1, 6-15. 6· 11 <kfauhluol 1.6.1 -24. 3·1.\
ch.mfers 2-1 . 2-9 6-1 2
2-~ U,"C 00 lhread 4-2,4-6 change 10 along mode 5-15 <k fLne 4-7,6-8
2D 2.1 ,2 .2.2 -6. C·hoob 1-20 dclCle 1.15,1 -20.2.10
2·R - 2· 11. 4·1, 5-3. 5·4 chu"k .1.1,3_2.3·1 , 6.7 <kmo 1·2.1 -3
l iRendmiliflal 6 · 1 ~ cirde 1-1 4,2--6,5-8.5-15, dcplh 1-1 8. 6·19,6-21.6·24,
3D 5-3,5 -7,5-1 2 5-11,5-18 6-27
;,4·bil 1.1.1.6 clca,ance btl' 6-19. 6-2 1. dcSlgn mudc 1-6.1 .9
6·24,6-27 di.mcl. c 5·4.5· 15,5 ·1 1
absolule coordinate, 2·2 O K 1-1 .1 -6 directio",,1 .rro..... key, 2· 17
all""alions 1-6 codc e, pen 3-27 directory 1-22
A MD 1-1 colli, ion , 1·5 di, play 1.2 ,1 -20.1 .23,1 .31.
amuun' box 6-14 coh", 1·18.1 -24 2-8. 2·12 . 2-11. 2· 19
analFe 1· 13, 1· 20 compensalion lype 3-13, di,lol1ed im.ge, 2· 19
angle oox 2-7. 5-8, 5-10, 3-11,3-21. 6-12, 6-14, docked 1-10, 1- 14
5.12,5 .13, 5-16. 5·1 ~ 6· 29 drafting oplion, 1·20
are, 1·12. r.u. 2-1 . 2·7. 2· com!'uncnllihraric, 1-.16 drill 5-1 .5·1 1,6-22.6.2),
I I, 5-R compress dal. f,le, 1-35 6-25 - 6-27
an 1-15 configur'lion, 1-6, 1-20, drop do.....n menus 1-10
allribul'" 1-20 1.21. 1. 26. 1.27, 2-20 dupli<ale enlrie, 1·22
AuluCA lJ 1-4 con'lIUCl~m pl.ne, ."'C dynamic ,,~,m i ng 2· 16
AUIU<ursoc 1·9, 1- 12 Cpfune
AIIlO.,\,e 1-20 conlems lab 1-29
conlinuou, dis!,lay 1·2) ellip>e 2·11
back rad,u' )· 2 1, 6-2Y . onluur 5-1.6.1 7,6-20.6·21 cnd!,oin' 1·12.1 ·1 ),2-.1,
backplul 3- 11. 3- 14. 3- 18, conHl1ingfi lcs 1-36 2-4. 5·5, 5-12. 5-1 5, 6-11.
3-22 coordinate axi, icon, 6- 1l. 6-15, 6-1 7, 6-28
bar >lod 3-2 .H · C gnOm(m copy 1.20. Engh,hunil' 1·2 1
blank riblxm bar 1·14 5·10, 5-l) . 5·16, 5-18. 6·9 . nler kcy 1-2
bre.k po';lion 5-9 copycomm.nd 5-10.5-13, emily' crealmn lype' 1·18
ooundary poinI3-19,6-2R 5-16 emrypomI3 -12,3-15, 6-12,
6-14
exit 1.37.3 -17. 6-12,6-14 Memory 1·1
exi! f,le 1_20 losl functi"n sde'Clcd ]·19 m"nu bar 1·9.1 _10
ex"",d/, honen 6·12,6·1 4 lalhe 1· 8, 3·1 .3·4. .1·8.3·10. me,ric units 1-21
3-19 - 3-21, 64 , 6-8. Microsoft Oullook 1-6
face 3-8, 3-11, 6-8 6· 10. 6_28. 6_29 midpoims 1-12,1 -13
facc Conlour 5_1 , 6· 1. 6· 17, diamcler 2.1,5 .4 milling ].3 .1-6,1 .8.5.]
6·1 8 Ilni,h .1·16 - .1· 18, "·C
m"" recently used. . MR U
face drill 5-1. 5-18, 6-1. 6-13.6-1 4 m"use wh<.'C 1 2-16,2-17
6_25. 6-26.6_27 prop""' i.. ] .13, 4-4. 4-5. MRU funcrion bar 1-9. 1 19
fa, tpoinlmode 1· 13 4_S, mull;ple line, 2.2. 5. 5
f<.'Cd, 1·6 4·9, 6- 12, 6· 15. 6· 16
file, 1-21, 1-22. 1-33, 1-34. lead in/out 3-13,3-17,6-12, nn igate help 1-29. 1-31
1.36.3.3.3 -26 6-1 4 ~ C "'tlitl gs 1-6, 1·21
' y,tem memory 1·1 learning mode pmrnpls 1_23 ncw "onfigorati"" ftle 1-27
fill<.12·I,2·8.2·11 .5·6,.VI k nglh 2·4.5·12,6-6.6·12, now lewl name 5·17
filter bunon 6-23 6-14 number 00' 5-17
ftrst line enlily 5-1> b el. 6-17,6-20.6-22,6.25 . nume.,.i" al control
f,ll","""en 1.20,2 .18 6· 28 inlermediale 1·6
!la ' ""dmin 6·1 8 managee 5-4.5 ·7,5·11.
flal .urface plan.. 2 5-14,5 -17.6-11,6-17, 0 0 3-2,3-12,3 -1 4,3-18.
from vie,,' 1·20 6-20.6-22,6-25.6.28 6-11
fund ion key, 1·20 libn"y IIK,I 6·1 8.6·23.6·26 tx" 3-6,6.6
hn"" 1·1 8,1 ·25.2·1,2·2. COn'OUT 3·15, 6· 13
geomelry 1-4. 1-6,1 -16. 2-4,2-1 1 fini. h righl lool 3-16,6-13
2-17,5 .1.5 -18 hnkingparametcr> 6-19. groo, e righl too l 4-2, 4-4.
gnOlnon 1_17 6. 21. 6. 24. 6.27 6-15
Goldenbe'1!, J. 1·3 li" t"picsbu"on 1-31 machining l'",amel Ors
graphic, 1-9, 1- 16. 1· 17, loc.lion 1-12 3-17.6-14
1_20,1 .24 .2_11, 2-1 8 locking.sel eclion 1-14 margin 3-2,3-6.6-6
gnplc"1\glh 3.2.1>_7 referencep" inl 3. 1
gro''''c parameter> 4·5. 6· \6 machining 14.1·5,1 ·15. rough righlll)(li 1·5,3·8.
grooving 4-1, 4-3, 4-15, 6-15 1· 36, 6- 1 3-12, 3-13. 4-3, 6-8, 6-11,
group, 1-18 compooemma" agd 3-5, ."
G" iew 1_1 .1.17.1 .1 8 3.7.6. 5,6-7 lhread 4·6
(\",1' down menu 1·8 on'e' di"anee 2·5
help 1-20,1 -28.1 -29,1 -31 group propenie, 3·7, Ol"' n bullOn 1-27,1 -34
hidei,howenlilie, 1-20 6-5. 6_7 ol"'I'3tion 1_4 .1 _5,1.36.3 _2 .
hold,-.,.,; 4-7 "l"'rallon 1-1. 1.15, 1_ 3_1 4. 3.23 . 3.25. 4·2
home po,;lion 3· 8, 3·16. 16, 3· I. 3·25. 6· .10 ol"' m' ions managcr I·".
3-19.3 -20,6-8,6-13 ~ramelers 3-1 .3-10. 1-15. 1-16, 1-20
3-13.6_1O. 6-12,6_2i. orie ntalion 1-17,1.18
idenlify sto" k 3.1. 3·4. 64 6·24. 6· 27 or igin 1·13
iml'ort hi, toT)' 1·26 magnify 2-1 4 ,"-e"' ulb<" 3-10.4·9,6·[0
in,en. 4-7 main inlerface window
i" stallal io" I ·] 1.8.1 -9, parallelli" e 2-5
I",d 1-1 1.I R,I .I " pamrnCler< 1-5.1 _18.1 -21.
inlerfa ee 1·30 ma'1!in tx" 6-6 3·16. .1·20, 3-21 , 4·7, 6· 8.
inlerse cti,,", 1·12,1 -13 materials I -I, 1-6. 1-36, 6-4 6-10.6-12,
I""emor 1·4 maximu m diameter 6-7 6-14.6-29
i, omclric ,-iew 1. 20.5.7 MCPO ST ]·6 part I,oumlarics 2-1
known I"',in, 5-15 MC X·8 fllcs 1·6 pan origin 3·2
planc, I· l~ RAM 2·20 Ihre.ding 4-1.4-2,4.7
play 6·30 ",fo """n" c poinl' ) . ~ , 3.9. TN R 3· 19
points 1·12. 1- 1.1, I ·I ~. II - ~, 6·9 "'gglc 1-1.1.1 ·20
1-25.2-1 regenerate 2-19 lolerance, 1-6.1 -21
pol. r coordinale, 2·4 ,elali..- radiu, 5·15 loolr.gc &-18 . 6-23,&-26
pol. r line ) ·17, 5.~. 5·12 ....-painl 1·20,2·19 loolbars 1·9 -1 ·11
p<"t p.ocessing 1-15, ) ·25 ribbon bar 1-9,1 -13 - 1-15, ",oling 1·1, 1-6, 1-36, 3-2,
PO'" 1-36 1-23 3-19. 4-2, 6-16, 6-23
power k c~ , 1· B rot.le command 5-10. 5-B . loo lpalh 1-6,1 . 15,1 .16.
",eviom vicw 1_:'1J 5·16,5·1X 1·36 , 2.20, 3.1 . 3·4. .1. 5,
Pro<e" PI.n 3p·1 3p-1 rougb and fi"i,h g. oove 3-11 . 3-1 4, .1· 1 ~, 3-1 9.
Proce" Plan 3j>-2 31'-4 4-1 - 4-3. 4-5, 11- 15 3-22, 3-23, 5-3. 6-4, 6-5,
Pro<"" PI.n 3j>-3 31'-8 rough paramele" 6-12 6-11 , &- 13. 6-15, 6-17.
Pmce" Pl.n 3p.4 3p.12 RW 1·2 6·1 X. 6·20 - 6·30
Pro<",' PI.n 3p·5 3p-17 param.~e" 3·16,3-20.
Pro<"" PI.n 3p-6 3p-2 1 sa"" 1-20. 1·26,1 -27. i-ra. 3-21. 4-5, 4-8, 4-9. 6-13,
Pro< css PI.n4p-14p.1 3·26 6-15.6.29
rn,.".., PI. n4p. 10 73 scale l.l b,2 .15,2 .IX lOp vie" 1· 20
Pro<e" PI.n 4p· 11 4 p· ~ 2 ",'een 1-6. 1-21, 2-I X Tplane I-I, 1·1 7
Process PI.n 4j>- 12 4j>-Q4 ",arch lab 1-31 lran,ilion guide 1-37
Proccss Plan 4j>-134j>-105 selecl 1-20.5 -9,5-10, 5-Il , lrimming 2-11
rn",,,,, PI. n 4p.144p.116 5·16. 5·1 X. 6·30 lum op<.,...lion, 5· 3
rro.",,,Plan4p· 154p· 12.1 ",nd file 1· 35, 3-27
Pro<ess PI. n 4j>-16 4j>-134 ,h.de on/oft' 1·20 undo 1-20, 2-20
Pro<css PI.n 4j>- 17 4j>-147 , hort..,Ul keys 1·20 undocked 1.10. 1.14
rn ",e "P I ." 4p . l ~ 4p.l 60 ,i mul.u" 3·24 unil, 1·6,1·16
Pro<"" PI. n 4p·1 9 4j>-175 ,i'e or,tod boundary 3-5, un, ip 1-35
Process PI.n 4j>-2 4p-6 Un700m 1-20,2-13
Pro<ess PI.n 4p-20 4j>-1 87
rn", e" PI.n 4p.) 4p.B
"
, kelcher 1.12,1 .13,2.7,
2.16, 5·8 Valen' mo, J. 1·3
Pro<"" PI.n 4p.4 4p-22 , n.p 1·12, I -ll wclOr 3-17. 6· 12, 6- 14
Pro<ess PI.n 4j>- 5 4p-29 ""l id, 1-15.1 -26 verify buuon 3-23,6-30
Pro<"" PI.n 4j>-6 41'-37 "" lid,man.ger 1·15 .iew 1.1. 1.13, 1.17, 1.18.
rn",,,,, PI." 4p.7 4p.4 6 SolidWo. h 1-4,1 ·26 1 ·20 ,6·2 ~
Pro<ess PI.n 4 p '~ 4p-55 'p.ce bar 1-2 vi,ibilily 6-II,/l-17.6-20,
Process PI.n 4j>-9 64 ,peeds and feed, 1-6 6-22.6-25, &-28
Pro<"" PI. n 6p-16.1,6j>-1 ,pindlecenterline 2·1
rn",,,,, Pl ." 6p·2 6p. 7 ,plin... 2.1 .2· 11 'lies 1.1 .1 .17, 1.IX ,I ·23,
Pro<e" PI.n 6p·3 6p-15 Slart 11-ll,b·I3,6·15,1I-17. 2-2.
Pro",ess Plan 6p-4 6p-27 6-20,6-30 5-7.5 -14,5-16
properti", blluM 3-6.6-6, 'l atu, ba, 1.9.1 .16.1 -18 wcar 6- 12, &- 14. 6·29
0-' ,I epm'c< bo, &-10 "indo" Com."" 5·10. 6. Z0,
PST I-b S1<",k 3·5,6-5. 6·b. 6·16 6-22.6·25
' lUdcm use 1-3 w'iudow point' 6-22,6-25
Quadranl 1·13 , urfaec inte"""tion, 2·1 Windows 7 1·1
Windo" . ~ 1·1
ra<!; o buUon .1· 1.1, 3- 17, tcmplale 5· ~, 5-9 Window, 1_7. ]·9
b-12.&-1 4 th. ead cut 4- 1, 4-8, 4-9 WinZip 1-35
radiu, 2-b. 2.7, 5-6, 5-8. 5-9. thread shape 4-14-8, 4-9 Wireframe 2.1, 5·1
5· 15 thread lable 4·~
Ward Address Program
I· ). I _~. \-6. ). 1. )_21
...ortinB unit> \·21
X ho~ .M . 6--16
XIOnn 2 ·20. S- I O. ~-I ] .
~.I6. ~· 1 8
X lOrm rowe icon ~·I O.
~ _Il . ~_ 16 ,5-18