NGUYEN ANH PHONG GIAO VIEN CHUYEN LUYEN THI Ki thud vel dw bang CHINH PHYC LY THUYET HOd HOC BIEN SOAN THEO CAU TRUC MOI @ DANH CHO HOC SINH 10, 11, 12 @ LUYEN THI THPT QUOC GIA 2 TRONG 1 @ TALLIEU DANH CHO GIAO VIEN THAM KHAO GE XUAT BAN \ZIEY’ pal HOC SUPHAM TP HO CHi MINHLot NOI DAU Li khi BO Gido dye thay d4i hinh thite thi mén Héa hoe tir ty ludn sang irc aghiém va dac biét 1A nhiing nam gan day, nhimg cdu héi vé ly thuyét nbidu khi trd thanh 16i kinh hoang véi nhiéu ban hec sinh. Co rat nhigu ly do, na m6t trong sé dé 14 kién thite ly thuyét vé Héa hoc THPT 4p dung cho ky thi THPT Quéc gia ngay cang rong va sau. Voi tat ca tam huyét tac gid bién soan cudn séch nay voi mong muon gitip cde em hoe sinh nam che kién thite vé ly thuyét Hoa Hoe THPT dé tir dé cdc em cé thé yén tam va ty tin khi tham dy ky thi THPT néi riéng va cae ky thi vé Héa hoc néi chung. Véi ba bd sich “Luyén gidi dé thi va Kham pha tu duy giai nhanh than téc Héa hoc” tac gid da xudt ban va bay gid 1a cuén “Vét dau loang chinh phye ly thuyét Hoa hoc THPT ” nay, néu cdc ban chju khé luyén tép thi viée dat diém cao cho mon Héa Hoc sé trong tam tay. ‘Trude khi sit dyng cudn sach nay hay nhé cau nay cdc ban nhé! “Tyén bude dung thinh cong cing c6 bude chan Indi biéng nhung khéng nhiéu va vé co ban nhimg buée chan dé 1a cia nhimg ngudi cham chi”. Jc di da tan tuy hét sire nhung trong qué trinh bién soan chic chide kho tranh khdi thiéu sot. Tac gia xin chan thanh cam on nhimng dong gop y kién ciia quy ban doc. Tae gia Nguyén Anh Phong Mai ban vao true tuyén tai: khangvietbook.com.vn aé c6 thé cip nhit va mua online m@t céch nhanh chéng, thudn tign nhat ede tya sich ciia Cong ty Khang Viét phat hanh.GIOI THIEU CHUNG VE CUON SACH Dé hiéu vé cudn sach ciing nhu khai khdéc cudn sch duge hiéu qua nhat tae gid xin moi quy déc gid tim hiéu va nghién ctu qua nhitng cau hoi va tra [oi sau day. A. Tai sao cuén sich nay ra do} Thi nhdt, c6 rat nhidu cde ban hoc sinh cing nhur quy thay ©6 gido dang rat can ly thuyét day dii vé Héa Hoc trong gidi han kién thite vé thi dai hoc cit hay thi THPT Quée gia ‘méi hign nay. Minh cting xin néi thém mét Han nita 46 ta pham vi nghién cétu ctia cudn sach nay cing chi nim trong mién kién thie THPT phue vu cho thi Dai hoe (THPT Quéc gia) thdi Thit hai, tit kinh nghiém buyer thi cia tac gid cing nhur déng gop ctia cdc ban éng phan “Ben canh dé, vige hge sinh khong higu va khong nho ly thuyé: sé i bj lira (bay) khi gidi toan Héa hoe. Tht ba, dae thit cia dé thi Héa hoc 1a 06 nhiéu céu hoi vé ly thuyét chiém khoang 50% téng s6 diém cia ca bai thi. Bén canh dé, kién thite thi lai rat rong, c6 thé noi tir 16p 8 dén hét lép 12, 48 thi cng ngay cng héi sdu ngay ca nhimg kién thirc rat nhé cfing van xudt hién trong dé thi chi yéu du6i dang phat biéu ding, sai. Do vay, muén thi duge diém cao ddi héi cdc em phai hgc todn dign nhung viée cae em nhé durgc hét ton bd lirgng kién thire khdng 14 nhur vay 1a khéng hé don gidn Cudi cing, mong muén ciia tac gid khi bién soan cudn sach nay 1a giip cac em hoe sinh chinh phyc kién thire vé Héa hoc higu qua, qua dé dat thanh tich tét n trong céc ky thi dae biét la thi THPT Quéc gia. Bén canh dé cuén sdch cfing [a tai ligu dé quy thay, c6 gido kham thao va ding lam tai ligu trong qué trinh giang day. 4 B. Cudn sach nay dug’ theo phong cach nhu thé nao? Diéu thir nhat, xudt phat tir cdu hoi mudn tha cia céc em hoe sinh “Thua thay (c6) lam thé nao dé hoc tét va thi khong bj mat diém trong Héa hoc phan ly thuyét a?”, Hau hét cdc em s® nhn duge cau tra 1di la: Dé thi chi nim trong SGK cho nén cdc em cit doc va hoc that ky, cay that sau, cudc that bam... 3 cuén sdch gio khoa la khdng phai lo ling gi. Cau tra Idi trén 1 hoan toan chinh xac. Tuy nhién, trén thye té cé mét su that méi khi c4c ban hoc sinh khé ngii hay thdm chi khéng ngu duge mang séch gido khoa Héa ra doc thi chi chua day 5 phiit cic em da chim trong gidc ngii rat ngon Linh. Nhiéu ban hoe sinh khde ty nhi voi minh véi khi thé va quyét tam himg hye “Nhat dinh phai thugc lau lau ly thuyét trong SGK” va ngay sau dé mang SGK ra doc. Lan nay thi céc ban cd khé ngd hon mét chit nhung da 86 la 10 phit céc ban sé di ngit hoac gap sach lai va ty nhit voi chinh minh “May cdi nay ai ching biét”, Diéu thit hai, trong qué trinh hoc tap, nghién citu cing nhwr giang day tée gid thay hau hét cdc ban hoc sinh c6 tam ly 1a khi minh hgc xong mét chuyén dé haymét cudn séch nao-dé thi minh sé hap thy duge gan nhu hét kién thite vé phan dé (cudn sach dé). Nén cudn sach nay sé duge tac gia sir dung ky thuat vét dau loang. KY thuat nay 1a gi? Mai cac ban doc trong phan C cita chong nay. Voi nhiing nhan dinh trén cuén sdch nay duge viét theo phong cach tra Idi cau hoi dé nhé va hiéu chit khéng phai doc dé nhé va hiéu. 6 mai chuong cia cudn sdch tac gia sé néu ra cae van dé ly thuyét cdc em can nhé va thau hiéu. Sau dé, 1a hé théng cdc eau héi dé cdc em ty tra loi. Cudi chuong 1a phan dap an va giai thich chi tiét gitp cdc em thdu hiéu ban chat ciia vin dé. C. Ky thuat “Vét dau loang” la gi?Tai sao hoc ly thuyét H6a hoe Ia duge ky thudt nay 2 Ky thuat Vét dau loang ndi thi rat dai, tuy nhién dé dé hiéu cac ban c6 thé hiéu la ky thuat lan t6a. Cé nghia [a khi cae ban nhé duge diéu nay thi nd sé 1a co sé dit van dung ligu dé nhé sang cac diéu khac. Ly thuyét Héa hoc THPT 1a rat nhiéu va rat rong, phan nay cé lién quan rt chat ché téi phan khac nén Ap dung ky thudt nay sé hiéu qua. Ciing do van dé tam ly khi hoc cia cae ban hoc sinh va ban chat cla bo no con ngudi nén khi soan cudn sich nay tac gid sir dung ky thuat dé gidp cdc ban hoe sinh c6 thé hap thy hét kién thire khi hoc xong cudn sach na Ky thuat nay khong thé viét va van dung nh cae phurong phap va ky thudt gidi bai tap duge. Do do, tac gid ngdm léng ghép, dan xen vao cdc bai kiém tra, 6n tap. p lai c6 chit ¥ D. Dé khai thac higu qua cudn sch nay thi phai lam nhw thé nao ? Diéu quan trong nhat minh xin giti t6i céc ban hoc sinh “Noi trdi bién gi di nia, sdch c6 hay thé nao di nifa, thay cé cé tam huyét thé nao di néfa... ma cde ban ludi nhac khéng chiu luyén tap thi tat cd cac yéu t6 trén ciing v6 nghia. Hay nhé 1a: “Trén con dudng thanh cdng cing cd bude chan Indi biéng nhung rat it thoi va bude chan Indi biéng dé 1a cia nhiig con ngudi vé co ban [a cham chi”. V6i cac ban lép 12 hay “13”, c6 thé bat tay ngay vao hoc va lam cac dé 6n tap kiém tra. V6i cdc ban hoc sinh lp 11 hode Iép 10, tay theo churong trinh hoe trén lop co thé ly bai tap tuong itng trong sach ra dé lam. Khi Lim bai tap trong sach, ngoai vige két hgp véi ldi giai chi tiét ciia tac gid, cdc ban fing cn phai c6 ba cudn sach gido khoa dé tra cifu thém.Khangviet.comyn — DT: 3910 3821 Chitong NHUNG VAN Dé LY THUYET HOA HOC THPT TONG HOP 1.1 Nhitng phan tg trong tim edn nhé CAC PHAN UNG QUAN TRO 2F, + 2NaOH —> 2NaF +H,0 +01 2F) +2H,O > 4HF +O, SiO) + 4HF > SiF, T +2H,0 SiO) + 2F, > SiF, T +0, S+3F, +4H,0 > H,SO, +6HF SF) + Bry +6H,O—> 2HBrO, +10HF LIEN QUAN TOI HALOGEN + (NaOH loang lanh) Cl, 22 5 HCI+ HCIO HCI + NaHCO; > CO, + NaCl +H,0 3Cl, + 6KOH "> 5kC1+KCIO, +3H,0 Cl, +2KOH "KCI 4 KCIO + Hj0 Cly + 2NaOH PME NaCl + NaClO + HO SCI; +1) +6H,O0 > 2HIO; + 10HCI SCI, + Bry +6H,O > 2HBrO, +10HCI 2Cl, +2Ca(OH), "Cac, +Ca(OCh, +2H,0 > Cl, +Ca(OH), 8“ 5 ca0Cl, +H,0 Cl, +SO, +2H,O0 — 2HCI+H,SO, 4Cl, + H)S + 4H,0 > SHC + H,S0, MnO, +4HCI-> MnCl, + Cl, +2H,O K,Cr0, +14HCl > 3Cl, +2KCI+2CrCl, + 7H,0 2KMnO, + 16HCI—> 2KCI+2MnCl +8H,0 + SCly KCIO, +6HCI-> KC1+3H,0 +3Cl, NaCIO, + 6HCI-» NaCl +3H,0+3Cly 2HCI + NaClO > NaCl +Cl, +H ,OKp thugt vét dau loang chinh phuc If thuyét Hoa hge - Neuyén Anh Phong CaOCl, + 2HCl -> CaCl, + Cl) + H,O daca” NaBr + H,S0, —“*—> NaHSO, + HBr 2HBr-+ HyS0, 8” 580, + Bry +2H,0 Nal +H,$0, —S#!" 5 NaHSO, + HI 8HI+H,SO, ee NaCl+H,SO, —“* ” , NaHSO, + HCI SHI+H,S0, "HS +41, +4H,0 PBr, +3H,0—> HPO; +3HBr 2AgBr—“ > 2Ag + Br, PI; +3H,O — HPO, + 3HI O, +2HI > 1, +O) +H,0 NaClO + CO, +H,0 > NaHCO, + HClO Na,SO; + Br, + H,0 > Na SO, + 2HBr Na SO3 + 6HI > 2Nal | S +21, +3H,0 2NaCl + 2H,O Wl _5 2NaOH + Hy + Cl 4HBr +0, > 2H,0 + 2Br, NazS0, + Cl, +H,0 > NaySO, + 2HC] CAC! PHAN UNG QUAN TRONG LIEN QUAN TOI OXI - LUU HUYNH Ag)S +O, —".2Ag +80, o HgS +0, + Hg + SO) ° zns+30, —+2n0 +80, 03 + 2HI > I) +O) +H,0 clo, M22" nor? sKcI43 502 2Ag +0; > Ag,0 +0, o 2KMnO, ——> K,MnO, + MnO) + O05 2H,0, -* 2H,0+0, 7Mhangviet.com.yn — BT: 3910 3821 2K1+0; +H,0 > 1, +2KOH+0, H,0, + KNO, > H,0 + KNO, H,0, + Ag,O > H,0+2Ag +0, 2H,0) + 2H,0+0, T SHO, +2KMnO, +3H,SO, -» 2MnSO, +50, +K SO, +8H,0 H,0, +2KI > 1, +2KOH 0 Kclo, M2", Kcl+30, ° 4KCIO, —'—> 3KCIO, + KCI SO) + Br, +2H,0 — 2HBr + H,SO, SO, + £0; +80, HO) +2KI— 1, +2KOH H,S+Cl, (khi) > 2HCI+S 2H,S+0) > 28+2H,O0 2H,S +30, > 2S0, +2H,0 SO) + Cl, +2H,O - 2HCI+ H,SO, H)S + 4Cl, + 4H,0 — 8HCI + H,SO, H,8+4Br, +4H,0 > 8HBr + H,SO, SSO) +2KMnO, +2H,O~» K,SO, + 2MnSO, +2H,SO, SO, + Ca(OH), > CaSO, + HO SO, +2H,S > 38 1 +2H,0 H 8+ Pb(NO;), > PbS 4 +2HNO; S+3F, > SF, H)S+CuCl, > CuS+2HCI HS + CuSO, > CuS 4 +H,S0, 2AgNO, +H,S—> Ag,S J +2HNO3 NajSO, + Br, + H)O > Na,SO, + 2HBr Na3SO, + 6HI -> 2Nal +S +21, +3H,0 4K CO; + 7HjS + 9H,SO, >4K SO, + 4Cr(SO,), + 16H,0 SO, + Fe (SO4), + 2H,O—> 2FeSO, + 2H2S0, $+4HNO, — SO, +4NO, +2H,0 a”Ap thugt vét dn lang chinh phuc If huyét Hoa hoe Neuyén Anh Phong $0, +2Mg—° 58+ 2Mg0 $+6HNO; —° >H,80, +6NO, +2H,0 Na,$,O, +H,SO, (loing) > Na,SO, +S+SO, +H,0 Na,SO; + HjSO, > Na,SO, + $0, +H,0 H,SO, 4 + 3H,S + 48 + 4H,0 3H,SO,, + H,S -> 480, + 4H,0 S+2H,SO, , > 380, +2H,0 2FeS + 10H,SO, 4 > Fe, (SO,), +9SO, +10H,0 2FeCO, +4H,S0, , > Fe, (SO,), +S0, +2CO, +4H,0 2Fe,0, +10H,SO, , > 3Fe, (SO,), +$0, +10H,0 2FeO +4H,SO, y > Fe, (SO,), +SO, +4H,0 2Fe(OH), +4H,SO, , > Fe, (SO,), +0, +6H,0 SO, + Cl + 2H,O0 > H,SO, +2HCI SO, + Br, + 2H,0 > H,SO, +2HBr HS + 4Cl, + 4H,0 > H,SO, +8HCI H)S+ CuSO, -> CuS+H,S0, 380, +2 HNO, +2H,0 +2NO +3HSO, H,S + 8HNO, > H,SO, + 8NO, + 4H,0 S + 6HNO, > H,SO, + 6NO, + 2H,0 H,S + 4Br + 4H,0 > H,SO, +8HBr Fe, (SO,), +3H,0 “rnin, 2Fe + 3H,SO, + fo CuSO, + H,0—“? >Cu+H,SO, + 50, SO, + H,O>H,SO, C+2H,SO, y > CO, +280, +2H,0 Cu, + 6H,SO, (d/ n) > 2CuSO, +580, +6H,0 2Fe + 6H,SO,(4/n) > Fe, (SO,), +380, +6H,0 2Ag +2H,SO,(d/n) > Ag,SO, + SO, +2H,0 ° 2FeSO, + 2H,SO,(4/n)——> Fe, (SO,), + SO, +2H,0Ahangviet.com.yu ~ DT: 3910 3821 CAC PHAN UNG QUAN TRONG LIEN QUAN TOI NITO — PHOTPHO N, +6Li—> 2Li,N NO+405 + NO, KNO, e >KNO, +40, 6HNO; +S H,SO, +6NO, +2H,O0 4H* + NO; +3e > NO+2H,0 NHj +OH™ > NH; t +H,0 4HNO, +3e > 3NO; +NO+2H,0 0 NaNO,,,, +H,SO, , > NaHSO, + HNO, f ° NH,Cl+ NaNO, +N, + 2H,0 + NaCl 2NH; +3Cl, > N, + 6HCI 2NO, +40, +H ,O > 2HNO, 3NO, +H,0 > 2HNO; +NO 2NO, +2NaQH — NaNO, + NaNO, +H,0 ° NH,NO, ——>N, +2H,0 0 NH,NO, —+N,0 T +2H,0 0 NaNO; "5 Nano, +40, oO 2NH, + 3Cu0 —'+3Cu +N, +3H,O 0 (NH,),CO; —++CO, +2NH; +H,0 H,SO, (dac) + NaNO, (rin) > NaHSO, + HNO; uici(o-s CgHsNH, HNO, He) cgi 2H,0 H,NCH,COOH + HNO, -» HO-CH,COOH +N, +H,0 9. ° 4NH, +30, —>2N, +6H,O — 4NH; +50, —"™5.4NO+6H,0 ° 2NH,Cl+ Ca(OH), > 2NH, + CaCl, +2H,0 oO NH,CI——> NH; + HCloO (NH,), SO, —+2NH, + SO, + H,0+40, ° Cu(NO})p "C10 + 2NO, +50, 200° Diéu ché ure: CO) +2NH; “"_5(NH»),CO+H20 (NH), CO+2H,0 — (NH,), COs San xuat supephotphat don: Ca; (PO4), +2H,SO, -> Ca(HyPO,)) + 2CaSO, 4 San xuat supephotphat kép: Ca; (PO4), +3H,SO4 > 2H3PO, + 3CaSO, 4 Ca;(PO,), +4H;PO, -» 3Ca(H2PO,), 0 3Ca +2P——>Ca P, CasP, + OHCI > 3PH +3CaCh, Diéu ché P trong céng nghiép: ° Ca;(PO,), +38i0, +5C—-+3CaSiO, +2P + SCO 0 2P + 5H,SO,(d)—'—>2H,PO, + 580, +2H,O Phan amophot li hin hop: NHyHjPO, va (NH4), HPO, Phan nitrophot CAC PHAN U lahén hgp KNO; va (NHq), HPO, QUAN TRONG LIEN QUAN TOI CACBON - SILIC C+H,0—">co+H, C+2H,0—"-+C0, + 2H, CO) + Na,SiO; + HO > H,SiO; 4 +Na,CO; HCOOH 1250/4 5c +H,0 2Mg +CO, — 2MgO+C 2Mg +SO, > 2MgO +S 2H" +CO} + CO, +H,0 H* + HCO; > CO, 7 +H,0 OH™ + HCO; > CO} +H30 CO, + Na,CO, + HO > 2NaHCO, Na,CO, +2HCI-> 2NaCl+ CO, +H,0 C+2Cu0- CO, +2CuKhangyiet.comyn ~ BT: 3910 3821 C+4HNO, CO, +4NO, +2H,0 C+2H,S0,—>CO, +280, +2H,0 3C+2KC10, "5 2KC1+3C0, c+C0, —"-92C0 2Mg +Si—"-> Mg, Si ° SiO, + 2NaOH(néng chy) ——+ NajSiO, + H,0 ° SiO, + Na,CO,(néng chay) — Na, SiO, + CO, SiO, + 2c “458i + 2c0 SiO, +2Mg—"->i+2MgO Si+2NaOH + H,O > Na,SiO, +2H, t Na,SiO, + 2HCI—> H,SiO, 4 +2NaCl CAC PHAN UNG QUAN TRONG LIEN QUAN TOIL HIDROCACBON 500 2CH, BOE" CH =CH+3H) CaHiy > CH, + C3Hy Al,C3 +12H,O > 4AK(OH), 4 +3CHy o CHyCOONa + NaOH “CH, T +Na CO; 2F) +CHy > C+4HF CH, =CH, + Br, > CH,Br-CH,Br : a |CH, =CH-CH, +Cl, —->CH CH -CH,CI+ HCI CH =CH-CH,C1+H,0—" 5CH, =CH-CH, -OH+HCI 3CH, =CHCH, + 2KMnO, + 4H 0 > 3CH) (OH) ~CH(OH)CH; +2MnO, 4 +2KOH 3CH, = CH, +2KMnO, +4H,0 > 3CH, (OH)~CH3 (OH) 42MnO, 4 +2KOH ‘H(OH) - CH,OH +2MnO, + 2KOH AMG VIET. 3C,H; —CH=CH, + 2KMnO, + 4H,0 — 3CeHsKS thug vét du to yér Hoa hoe — Nguydn Anh Phong aro CH; - CH,Br + KOH —™""_5 CH, = CH) + KBr +H,0 CaC, +2H,0-> Ca(OH), +CH=CH CAg = CAg + 2HCI > CH = CH + 2AgCly. ankin —SM24_, Mino, 4 2 CH=CH +H,O—!=—>CH,CHO 3C2H: + 8KMnO, + 4H;0 > 3 KOOC - COOK + 8MnO, + 2KOH + 2140. CAC PHAN UNG QUAN TRONG LIEN QUAN TOI CHAT CO VONG BENZEN CgHsCl+ 2NaOH —?Pe_5 C,H ONa + NaCl+ HO HCOOC,Hs; + 2NaOH + C,H;ONa + HCOONa + H30 CyHs - NHCl+ NaOH —> C,H — NH +NaCl+ H,0 OH ~ CyHy —CHy + NaOH -> ONa ~CgHy — CH; + H,0 CyHs - OH + NaOH — Coll; —ONa +H,0 CHsCOOCH, + NaOH -> C,HsCOONa +CH,OH HO C,H -OH + 2NaOH > NaO-C,Hy -ONa + 2H,0 CyHs » NHjCl+ NaOH > CgHs — NH) + NaCl+ HO CoHsONa +CO) + Hj0 > CyH,OH J +NalICO, CsHsNH, + HCI C,H;NH,Cl CyHs -OH + Na > CyHs ~ONa 4 tn, CoHsOH + 3Br + (Br), ChH OH 4 +3HBr (Trang) CHsOH + 3HNO, -> CyH,OH(NO,), 4 + 3H,0 CoHsOH + (CH3CO), © CH;COOC,Hs + CH;COOH CgHsOH + CH,COCI > CH;COOC,H; + HCI HCOOCH, ~C¢H; + NaOH > HOCH, ~ C,H; + HCOONa CH,COOC,Hs + 2NaOH ~» CH;COONa + C,H; ~ONa + H,0 Diéu ché phenol va axeton Chig=CHCH3/H* (CH, 5 CgHsCH (CH), (cumen) 2" 13804, CoHOH + CHxCOCH,Khangviet.com.en ~ DT: 3910 3821 CoHsNH +3Br) (Br), CgH,NH, 4 43HBr CoHs ~ CH = CH) + Bry > CgHs —CHBr-CH,Br HO-C,H, —CH, + 2Br, > HO-C,H) ~CH,(Br)) + 2HBr H3C -CyHyOH + 3Br, > (Br), CgH,(CH3)OH 4 +3HBr CAC PHAN UNG QUAN TRONG LIEN QUAN TOI ANCOL — ANDEHIT ~ AXIT - ESTE CO+2H, o CHCl + NaOH —>CH,OH + NaCl HCHO+H, —“\ +CH,OH CH, =CH -CII,Cl + H,0— © SCH =CH-CH,OH+ HCI CH) .0, —S2"*" 520, + 2C, HOH CHjOH + Cu0-—" 5 HCHO + Cu+ 11,0 HOH +CuO—" 5 CHJCHO+ Cus H,0 3CH, = CH, +2KMnO, + 4H,0 > 3CH,(OH)-CH3(OH) 42MnO, 4 +2KOH C)H;OH + Na» C;HsONa +tn, C)HsOH + CH;COOH € CH;COOC,Hs + H,O ° RCHO + 2Cu(OH), + N©OH + RCOONa + Cu,0 J 43H0 RCHO +2[ Ag(NH3), ]OH > RCOONH, +2Ag 4 +3NH, +H,0 0 CH;CHO + 40; —“"_CH,;COOH 0 CH, +O, “5 HCHO + H,0 o C)HsOH + CuO——> CH,CHO + Cu + H,0 o CH3OH + CuO—> HCHO + Cu + H,0 122 180 CH=CH+H,O—HE- BS crc 2CH, = CH, +0, —PCRKHCR_ 20H,CHO G& ER IAp shuge vrai toang chink phe If rhuyét Héa hoe ~ Nguyén Anh Phong CH,COOCH = CH, + NaOH > CH,COONa + CH;CHO RCH,OH +40, \4RCHO+H,0 RCH,OH + 0, —*-> RCOOH + H,0 CH, =CHCI+ NaOH — CH, = CH- OH - CH,;CHO 3 - CHCl, + NaOH > CH; ~ CH(OH); CH; ~CHO CH COOCH = CH, + NaOH -> CHyCOONa +CH3;CHO CH, =C(CH;)CHO + 2Br + HO > CH,Br - BrC(CH;)COOH + 2HBr HCOOH —A2%2¥M5_, 2A HCOOCH, —S2X2¥M3_5 24g a _=—S—ese RCHO +H, —N“’ 5 RCH,OH RCHO + Br + H,0 > RCOOH + 2HBr Glucozo —A2XOv NIE 2g HCOONa —2X23/NII3_ 9 Ag H,OH +0, —**""_5CH,COOH + H,0 CH,COOCH, + 50, —_54C0, +4H,0 CH,OH +CO .cHCOOH CH,COOCH, + Zo —t3C0, +3H,0 ° CaHio +50, Sls 2CH;COOH + H,0. HCOOCH, +20, m2: +2H,0 CH;! cHo+ 392 nS CHy COOH, cn,cooc,H, +0, 8 —8_55C0, +5H,0 CH,CH)COOH + NaOH ~> CH,;CH,;COONa + H,0 CHjCOOCH, + NaOH ~» CH;COONa + CHjOH CH,COOCH, + NaOH > CH;COONa + CH,OH +o R-X—S 4R-C=N—12O ET RCOOH CHjCOOCH,CH) C14 2NaOH —» CH;COONa + NaC! + HOCH,CH,OH ayKhangviet,comyn ~ BT: 3910 3821 CIH,N ~CH COOH + 2NaOH > H)N ~CH,COONa + NaCl +2H,O CH3CCI, +3NaOH -» CH;C(OH); -» CH;COOH + CH;COONa 4NaOH + CH3COOC(Cl); ~CH3 -» 2CH;COONa + 2NaCl + 2H30 2CH;COOH + Cu(OH), -» (CH3COO), Cu + 2H, Axit adipic HOOC ~ [CH], - COOH CH,COOH + NaOH > CH,COONa + H,0 CH, =CH -COOH + Br, -> CH, Br - CHBr-COOH HCOOH + Br, > CO, +2HBr CaC, +2H,0 > Ca(OH), +CH=CH ° CH;COONa + NaOH —5CH, + Na,CO3 CH,COOH + KHCO, -> CH;COOK +CO, +H,0 CH,COOH + NaCI0 -> CH;COONa + HCIO d CH,COOH + CH ,OH ee“ >cH COOCH, + H,0 r : : 5 +H, 2CHjCOOH + Mg (CHjCOO), Mg + H 2CH3COOH + Cu(OH), > (CH3COO), Cu +2H,0 2CHyCOOH + CaCO, > (CHjCOO), Ca + COz + HzO CH,COOH +CH = CH > CH, =CHOOCCH, Nhé 4 loai axit béo quan trong sau: Axit panmitic: C\sH3;COOH M=256 Axit stearic: C);HjsSCOOH M=284 Axit oleic: Cy7Hs;COOH M=282 Axit linoleic: Ci7Hs;COOH M=280 (C\7HysCOO), C,Hs + 3NAOH—> 3C\7HygCOONa + CyHs (OH), CsH70, (OH), +2(CHjCO), O-> HO -CsH;0; (OOCCH), + 2CH;COCH CoH, (OH), +3(CH CO), O > CgH70, (OOCCH), +3CH;COOH CAC PHAN UNG QUAN TRONG LIEN QUAN TOL KIM LOAI KIEM THO Ca** + CO} > CaCO, L OH” +HCO; -» CO} +H,0Ky shuga vée die loang chinh phe Ip thuyét Hoa he ~ Neusén Anh Phong 3Ca* + 2PO} > Ca;(PO,), + Mg** +CO} > MgCO, + Ca** + COP > CaCO; + 3Mg** +2PO} — Mg3(PO,), + Ba’* +CO}” > BaCO, + Ba?* +SO} — BaSO, * OH” +HCO; >» CO} +H,0 Ba?* +CO} — BaCO, L 2H* +CO} > CO, T +H,O0 Ht +SO} + HCO} + Ba?* > BaSO, + CO, +H, Ca(HCO3), — oy CaCO; +CO,+H,0 Na CO, + 2HCI-» 2NaCl+ CO, +H,0 Na,SO; + 2HCI—> 2NaCl+SO, + H,0 Ca** + HCO; +OH™ > CaCO; 4 +H,0 H* + HCO; > CO, +H,0 Ca* + Ba?* +2HCO}; + 20H” — CaCO, 4 +BaCO; +2H,0 CAC PHAN UNG QUAN TRONG LIEN QUAN TOL NHOM - CROM APY +30H” — Al(OH), AI(OH), + OH” > AIO} +2H,0 Alo; 8" OF Ap —thily phn py 3NazCO, + 2AICI; +3H,0 > 2AI(OH); +3CO, + 6NaCI 3Nay$ + 2AICI; + 6H, > 6NaCI + 2A(OH); +3HS CO, + NaAlO, +2H,0 > Al(OH), + NaHCO3 Ba+2H,0—> Ba(OH), +H) Ba(OH), + Al,O; > Ba(AIO)y + H,0 Al+NaQH + H,0->NaAlO; + 3H AI+OH™ +H,0 > AIO; + 31H, 7 Al,03 + 2NaOH + H,0 > 2NaAlO, + 2H,0 NH, —12°5 0H- AB* +30H" > Al(OH), + 1ET 8AL+301INO, > 8AI(NO}), + NHyNO +9HOKhangviet.com.yn ~ DT: 3910 3821 AIO} +H* +H,0 > Al(OH), AC; +12H,0 > 4A1(OH), 4 43CHy 8AI+SOH™ +3NO; +2H,O— 8A103 + 3NHy, ° i 2A1L,0, + 9C “> ALC, + 6CO Al+3H* > AP* +3n, 2C1O, + 2NH; > Cr,O3 + Nz +3H,0 K,CnO, +S >CnO; + K,S0, (NHy), CryO7 —" 5cn0,+.Ny + 41,0 3CuO + 2NH, > 3Cu + N, + 3H,0 2Cr¥ +3Br +16OH” > 2CrO} +6Br +8H,0 2CrOF + 2H* <2 CHOF +H,O (mau vang) (mau da cam) Trong moi trudng axit Zn dé khie mudi Cr? vé Cr? Zn+2Cr? > 2Cr? + Zn K,Cm0, +2KOH > 2K,CrO, + H,O 3CrO; +2H,O > HyCrO, + HCO; K C10, +6KI+7H,S0,4 + Cry (S04), + 4K 2804 +31) + 7H20 KCr,0, + 6FeSO, +7HSO, ~» Cr (SO,), +3Fe, (SO, ), +KySO, +31) +7H,0 2CrO, + 2NH; > CrO, + Ny +3H,0 CAC PHAN UNG QUAN TRONG LIEN QUAN TOI SAT SO, + Fe; (SO,), +2H,O > 2FeSO, + 2HSO, FeS, +2HCI— FeCl, +S +H)S FeS) + 18HNO, —> Fe(NO3), +2H,SO, +15NO, +7H20 FeS + 2HCI— FeCl, + HS Fe 03 +3H SO, —> Fe, (S04), +3H20 Naj$+ FeCl, > FeS 4 +2NaCI Fe* + Ag* > Fe* +Ag 2Fe** +21 > 2Fe** +1, 2FeCl; + 2KI > 2KCI+ 2FeCl, +1,KG thug vét dive loang chinh phy ly tnyyét Hoa hoe ~ Ns 16 Anh Phong 2FeCl, + 2HI > 2FeCly +1) +2HCI FeO, + 6HI + 2Fel, +1, +3H,0 2Fe + 6H,SO,(d/ n) > Fe, (SO,), +380, + 6H,0 2FeS, + 14H,SO, ,> Fe,(SO,), +15S0, + 14H,0 2FeS + 10H,SO, 4 Fe,(SO,), +980, + 10H,0 2FeCO, + 4H,SO,,-» Fe,(SO,), +2CO,+SO, + 4H,0 2Fe(OH), + 4H,SO, > Fe,(SO,), +SO, + 6H,0 2FeO + 4H,SO, 4 > Fe;(SO,), +SO, + 41,0 2Fe,0, + 10H,SO,, > 3Fe,(SO,), +S0, + 10H,0 2FeSO, +2H,SO, 4 > Fe, (SO,), +$0, +2H,0 H,SO, +2NH, ->(NH,), SO, Fe+Cu?* > Fe +Cu 2Fe** + Cu 2Fe** +Cu** Fe+2H* > Fe +H, T Fe +2Fe** > 3Fe™* 3Na,CO, + 2FeCl; + 3H,0 > 2Fe(OH); +3CO, + 6NaCI 3COF + 2Fe** +30 2Fe(OH), +3CO, Fe’ +30H” > Fe(OH), + Fe +20H” > Fe(OH), + FeS+2H* — Fe’ +H)S 2Fe™* + Bry > 2Fe* + 2Br” 2Pe** + HS —> 2Fe** +S.4 42H* 2FeS + to; —!_,Fe,0, +280, ace oe op - 2FeS, +10, + Fe,03 +480, SFe** +MnOj +8H* > SPe** + Mn?" +4H,0 FeCl, +4c, > FeCl;Ahangviet.comeyn ~ DT: 39193821 Fe+3ch — FeCl oO 2Fe(NO})) ——> Fe,0; + 4NOz 0 2Fe(NO3); > Fe,0, + 6NO, +0, FeCO, + 2HCI—> FeCl, +CO, + H,0 2Fe** +S" > 2Fe** +81 3Fe** + NO; +4H* > 3Fe** + NO+2H,0 Fe** +S? > FeSL Fe?" +2NH; +2H,0 > Fe(OH), + +2NH} Fe** +3NHj +3H,0 — Fe(OH), 4 +3NH} FeCl, +3AgNO3 > Fe(NOs), + 2AgCl) +Ag L Fe+H,0 25!” FeO Ht 3Fe +4H,0 "5 Fe,0, +4H, tT 10FeSO, +2KMnO, +8H,SO, -> 5Fe, (SO,), +2MnSO, +K SO, +8H,O0 1.2 Nhimng vé dé cin chi y vé ly thuyét hoa hoe hiru co a. Nhiing chat lam mat meu dung dich nuéc brom,céng H: Trong chuong trinh héa hoe PTTH, cae chat phé bién lam mat mau nude brom la: (1). Nhiing chat c6 lién két khéng bén (d6i, ba) trong gdc hidrocacbon (2). Nhiing chat chtta nhom — CHO (3). Phenol, anilin, ete cua phenol (4). Xicloankan yong 3 canh. (5). Hz 66 thé céng mé vong 4 canh nhung Br. thi khéng. b. Hop chét chita N.Cde logi mudi ctia amin voi HNOs, HyCO3, Ure V6i nhimg hop chat don gian va thing gip nh amin, aminoaxit hay peptit, cdc ban sé dé dang nhn ra ngay. Boi vi dé bai thudng cho CTPT nén rat nhieu ban sé gap khdng ft hing ting khi gap phai cdc hop chat ta: + Mu6i etia Amin va HNO; vi dy CH3NH3NO3,CH;CH,NH3NO; | (CHjNH5), CO; ctia Amin va H»CO, vi dy: | CH;NH HCO, CH3NH;CO;NH,9 thug vét déu toang chink phuc bp thuyét Héa lige ~ Nguyén Anh Phong ¢. Cac hop chat téc dung voi AgNO,/NH, + Ankin dau mach + Andehit va cac hop chat chtra nhhom — CHO nhu (HCOOR, Glucozo, Mantozo...) Chit ¥: Vi loai hop chat kiéu CH=C-R-CHOABO3NB_, | {¢s CAg=C~-R -COONH, Phan tng tao két tia voi phan img trang guong [a khdc nhau. d. Nhiing chdt phan tng duge voi Cu(OH)> Ancol da chite va cdc chat cé 2 nhhém — OH gan nhau tao phtre mau xanh lam véi Cu(OH)s Vi du: etylen glycol C3H(OH): va glixerol CsHs(OH); Nhiing cht cé nhém -OH gan nhau: Glucézo, Fructozo, Sacearozo, Mantozo + Axit cacboxylic + Die biét: Nhiing chét cd chita nhém chite andehit khi cho tic dung v6" Cv(OH),/NaOH nung néng sé cho két tua Cu,O mau dé gach + Peptit va protein Peptit: Trong mdi trudng kiém, peptit tac dung voi Cu(OH), cho hop chat mau tim D6 1a mau cia hgp chat phite gitta peptit cd tir 2 véi ion ding lién két peptit tro len Protein: C6 phan tmg mau biure véi Cu(OH), cho hgp chat mau tim e. Nhiing chat phan ting duge voi NaOH + Din xuat halogen + Phenol + Axit cacboxylic + Este + Mudi ciiaamin R—NH3Cl+ NaOH — R-NH) + NaCl + H,0 + Amino axit + Mudi ctia nhom amino cla amino axit HOOC - R-NH,CI + 2NaQH — NaOOC - R- NH) + NaCl + 2H:0 J Nhitng chat phan ting duage voi HCL Tinh axit sip xép tang dan: Phenol < axit cacbonic < axit cacboxylic < HCI Nguyén te: axit manh hon day axit yéu hon ra khoi mudi + Phan trig cOng ciia cae chat c6 géc hidrocachon khong no. Dién hinh li gdc: vinyl CH; = CH - + Muéi cita pheno! + Mudi ciia axit cacboxylic + Amin + AminoaxitKhangviet.com.yn ~ BT: 39103821 + Mudi cia nhém cacboxyl ctla axit NaQOC ~ R~NH) + 2HCI — HOOC —R -NH3CI + NaCl g. Nhiing chdt lam qu) tim chuyén sang mau xanh, méu do, khong déi mau + Nhiing chat lam quy tim chuyén sang mau dé (thong thudng [a tinh chat cia axit) gdm + Axit cacboxylic + Aminoaxit: (H2N)R(COOH), (y > x) + Mudi ciia cae bazo yéu.va axit manh + Nhiing cht lam quy tim chuyén sang mau xanh (théng thudng la tinh chat ctia bazo) gom:- + Amin (tr anilin) + Aminoaxit: (H2N)R(COOH), (x > y) + Mudi cita axit yéu va bazo manh h. So sénh nhigt d6 soi va nhiét dé néng chay A, Véi ede hop chat hitu cor ip xép cic chat theo chigu ting dan (hay giam dan) ciia nhigt 46 s6i, nl néng chay la mot cha dé thudng xuyén xuat hign trong cde cau hoi vé hyp chat hau ca, dac biét la phan cde hop chat hitu eo 6 chira nhém chtte Thue ra dang bai nay khéng hé khé. Cac ban chi cdn nfm ving nguyén té& d3 so sdnh Ki hoan toan cé thé lam tét, Tiéu chi so sanh nhiét dO sdi va nding chay (ne) clia cac chat chu yéu dya vao 3 yéu t6 sau: 1. Phan tir khéi: théng thurdng, néu nhur khong xét dén nhimg yéu td khic, 6 phan tir khéi cng Ién thi nhiét 46 s6i, nhigt dO néng chay cang cao. Vi du: metan CH, va pentan CsH)p thi pentan 6 nhigt d6 sdi cao hon. 2. Lin két Hydro: néu hai chat c6 phan ti khéi xdp xi nhau thi chat nao cé lién két hydro sé c6 nhigt d6 s6i cao hon: vi dy CHsCOOH e6 nhiét 46 sdi cad hon HCOOCH 3. Cu tao phan tit: néu mach cang phan nhanh thi nhiét d9 sdi cang thd du: ta xét hai dong phan eda pentan (CsHj2) 1a pentan: CHy-CHs-CH2-CHy-CH, va neo-pentan C(CHs)s. Phan tir neo-pentan c6 mach nhanh nén sé c6 nhiét d6 s6i thdp hon ding phan mach thing la pentan. M6t sé chi $ khi lam bai Cac bai thung gap trong dé thi hoc cdc b6 dé luyén tp dé 1a sp xép theo chiéu ting din, hode giam dan nhiét d6 sdi, voi kiéu dang dé nhw thé, ching ta chi cdn nam 16 cae tiéu chi sau: AI.V6i Hidrocacbon Di theo chiéu tang dan cia day dong dang (Ankan, Anken, Ankin, Aren...) thi nhiét d6 s6i ting dan vi khéi luong phan tir tingVD: C)H, > CHy ~ V6i cde Ankan, Anken, Ankin, Aren tuong ting thi chiéu nhiét 9 s6i nhu sau: AAj thug vée de foang chinh phc lj thayét Hoa hoe - Nguyén Anh Phong, tia chic chat ler tong dueong nhung do tang Nguyén nhan: kh6i heong phan ti in nhigt 6 s6i cao hon (dt thém néng heong dé phi wong noi pi nén dan vo lién két pi) 7 — V6i cde déng phan thi déng phan nao 6 mach dai hon thi cé nhiét dd sdi cao hon. ~ V6i cde din xudt R-X, néu khéng c6 lién két hidro, nhiét d6 si sé cang cao khi X hit e cng manh. Vi du: CyHyy ancol > amin > andehit . ~ Xeton va esie > andehit — Axit> ancol > amin > este > xeton > andehit > dan halogen > ete > C,H, o/ Chi ¥ voi ancol va axit _ Cae gdc day © ankyl (- CHs, — CoHs ...) sé lam ting nhigt d6 s6i do lién két H bén hon Vi dy: CH;COOH < CxHsCOOH ~ Cae géc hit e (Phenyl, Cl...) sé lim gidm nhiét d6 s6i do lign két H sé giam bén di. Vidy: Cl-CH,COOH C1> Br> 1) d/ Chai ¥ voi cde hop chat thom c6 chira nhém chire -OH, -COOH, -NH) -- Nh6m thé loai 1 (chi chia cdc lién két sigma nhu: (~ CH. CaHb...) 06 tae dung day e vio ahan thom lam lign két H trong nhém chite bén hon nén lam ting nhiét dQ sdi. — Nhém thé logi 2 (chia lién két pi nh NOz, CoHs ...) 66 tae dung hit e cita nhan thom lam lign két H trong nhém chite kém bén di nén kim giam nhiét d9 sdi — Nhém thé loai 3 (cae halogen: — Br, ~ Cl, ~ F, ~ I...) e6 tac dung day e tuong ty nhu nhém thé loai } e/ Cha § thém khi — V6i cée hgp chat don gin thi chi cn xét cdc yé tir va lién két H dé so sinh nhiét d6 sdi cita ching el~ V6i cde hyp chat phite tap thi nén xét day di tat cd cde yéu t6 anh hung dén nhiét d6 sdi dé dua den két qua chinh xac nhat. ~ Vé dong phan cdu tao, ede chat ding phan e6 cing loai nhém chiie thi thi: tr nhiét d6 sdi sé duroc sip xép nhw sau: Bac | > bac 2 > be 3 >. Bing nhiét dd s6i, néng chay cita mot s6 Chat u i wv | Chat a uw [Ke CH,OH -97 | 64.5 | HCOOH [sa lol | 3.77 GHOH |—115_ | 783 | CH,COOH 17 118 | 4,76 C3H;OH —126 |97 | GHCOOH aisle eee) CyHyOH : ~90 118 n—C3H,;COOH -5 163 4.82 CH, OH ~78.5 [138 [i-CGH,COOH |-47_ [154 4,85 CcH),;OH =52 [1565 |n—CHCOOH |-35 | 187 | 4.86 GH);OH =34.6 [176 |n—CsHyCOOH [-2 | 205_| 4,85 [HO 0 100 7 B 141 | 4,26 CoHSOH B 182 | (COOH): 180 [- 1.27 CoHsNHz 6 184 | CcHsCOOH 122 [249 | 4.2 CHCl -97 |-24 | CHOCH, 7 24 GHSCI =139 [12 | CH;OC2Hs = ul cael [123 | 47 | GOGH = 35 CaHoCl 123 [78 _ | CHhOCsHo = 7 CH.Br -93 [4 | HCHO 92 [21 GHsBr =119_ [38 [CHCHO | -123,5 [21 C3HBr =110 | 70,9 | CHsCHO esi a8 CH;COCGH; | -77,8_| 101,7 | CH;COCH; 95 _ | 56.5 GH,COCSH; _[—42 [| 102,7 [ CH;COG:Hs -86.4_ | 79,6 BV lo: + Nhiét d6 s6i va nhiét dO ndng chay ca kim logi kiém thp hon kha nhiéu so voi cae kim loai kha. Li do la lién két kim loai trong mang tinh thé kim loai kiém kem bén ving. Bang nhiét d6 séi va nhiét dé néng chay cata kim loai kiém. Nguyén t6 Li Na K Rb Cs Nhiét d6 sdi °C) 1330 | 892 760 688 69 Nhiét d6 néng chay °C) | 180 98 64 39 29 Bang nhiét dé séi va nhiét a6 néng chay cua kim logi kiém the. Be Mg Ca Sr Ba 2770 1110 1440 1380 | 1640 Nhigt d néng chay °C) | 1280 650 838 768 714 213 thug vée din toang chinh phe lj thuyét Héw hoe ~ Neuyén Anh Phong BALTAP CAu 1: Nhiét dé sdi ctia ce axit cacboxylic cao hon andehit, xeton, ancol ¢6 cling 86 nguyén tir C 1a do: A. Axit cacboxylic chita nhém C = O va nhém OH B. Phan tir khdi cita axit lon hon va nguyén tir H ctia nhom axit linh dng hon C. Cé sir tao thanh lién két hidro lién phan tir bén D. Cac axit cacboxylic déu 14 chat lng hode chat rin C4u 2: So sanh nhiét d6 s6i cita cae chat axit axetic, axeton, propan, etanol A. CHsCOOH > CHCH:CHs > CH;COCH; > CHsOH B, C;HsOH > CH;COOH > CH;COCH; > CHsCH,CH; C. CH;COOH > C)Hs0H > CHsCOCH; > CHsCH3CH; D. CHsOH > CH;COCH; > CHyCOOH > CH;CH2CH; CAu 3: Nhiét d6 s6i cita axit thurong cao hon ancol co cing sé nguyén tit cacbon ki do A. Ancol khéng cé lién két hidro, axit cé lién két hidro B. Lién két hidro cia axit bén hon etia ancol C. Khéi Ivong phan ti ciia axit lon hon D. Axit c6 hai nguyén tit oxi Cfu 4: Trong s6 cac chat sau, chat co nhiét d6 séi cao nhat 1a: A. CH;CHO B. CH,OH C.CH;COOH DD. GsHi2 Cafu 5: Chi ra thir tu tng dan nhiét d6 sdi ctia cae chat ? A. CH3CHO, C,HsOH, CH;COOH C. CoHsOH, CH;COOH, CH;CHO B, CHyCHO, CHsCOOH, C)H;OH D. CH;COOH, C;H;OH, CH;CHO CAu 6: Cho cae chit CHyCH,COOH (X); CHyCOOH (Y): CoH,OH (Z): CHOCH; (T). Day gém cae chat duge sip xép tang dan theo nhiét d6 sdi la AST NE Betz YeXe mCi ZaTa Vax D.Y,T,Z,X Céu 7: Cho cae chat sau: CHyCOOH (1), CHyCOOH (2), CHsCOOCH; (3), CH3CH2CH2OH (4). Chiéu ting dan nhiét d6 sdi_ ctia cde chat trén theo thir tr tir trai qua phai 1a: Ag Ve 2aand B.3,4, 1,2 C.4.1,2,3 D. 4,3, 1,2 CAu 8: Nhiét d6 sdi cia méi chat tong tng trong day cdc chit sau day, day nao hop ly nhat ? C.HsOH HCOOH CH;COOH A. 118,2°C 78,3°C 100,5°C 18,2°C 100,5°C 783°C C. 100,5°C 783°C 118,2°C D. 78,3°C 100,5°C 118,2°C CAu 9: Chi ra thir tu ting dan nhiét d6 sdi ctia cae chat? A.CH;OH < CH;CH,COOH < NH; < HCI B.CoHsCl_< CHj;COOQCH; < CH;OH_< CH;CQOH eT peAhangviet.com.vn ~ DT: 3910 3821 C.GHsCl < CH;COOH < C:H;0H D. HCOOH < CH;OH < CH;COOH < C3HsF Cfu 10: Xét phan ting: CHsCOOH + CH;OH_ S CHyCOOC)Hs + 120 Trong cae chat trong phuong trinh phan mg trén, chat c6 nhigt dé sdi thap nhat la: A. CoHsOH B. CH;COOCHs C. HO D. CH;COOH Cu 11: Cho cae chat sau: CoHsOH (1), CsHhOH (2), CH;CH(OH)CH; (3), CoHsCl (4), CH;COOH (5), CH;-O-CH; (6). Cac chat duge sip xép theo chiéu nhigt d6 s6i tang dan la: A. (4), (6), (1), (2), (3), (5) B. (6), (4), (1), (3). (2), (5) C. (6), (4), (1), (2), (3). (5) D. (6), (4), (1). (3), (2), (5) Cfu 12: Cho cae chat: Axit o — hidroxi benzoic (1), m — hidroxi benzoic (2), p—hidroxi benzoic (3), axit benzoic (4). Cae chat due sap xé 4% s6i giam dan la: A. (4), (3), (2). (1) B. (1), (2), (3), (4) C. (3), (2), (1). (4) D. (2), (1), 3), (4) Cu 13: Cho cdc chat: ancol etylic (1), andehit axetic (2), di metyl ete (3), axit fomic (4), Cae chat duge sap xép theo chiéu nhiét dé séi tang dan la: A. (2), (3), (1), (4) B. 3), (2), (DD C4). 1,2). B) | D. (4). (1), (3), (2) Cfu 14: Cho céc chat: ancol propylic (1), axit axetic (2), mety! fomiat (3), ancol iso propylic (4), natri fomat (5). Chat c6 nhiét dd sdi thép nhdt va cao nhat tuong ting la: ép theo chigu nhigt A. (1), (2) B.C) €. (3), 5) D. (3), (2) Cu 15: Day chat nao sau day durge sip xép theo trat ur nhigt dé s6i tang dan? A. HCHO, CH,OH, H-COOH B. HCHO, HCOOH, CH,OH C. CH;OH, H-CHO, HCOOH D. HCOOH, HCHO, CH;OH. C&u 16: Cho cae chat: Etyl clorua (1), Ety! bromua (2), Etyl iotua (3). Cae chat duge sip xép theo chiéu nhiét d6 sdi tang dan la: A. (1), (2), GB) B. (2), 3), (I) C. (3), (2), 0) D. 3). (1), 2) Cau 17: Cho céc chat: CHyCOOH (1), CH2(CICOOH (2), CH:(Br)COOH (3), CHA(I)COOH (4). Thit ty cde chat duge sip xép theo chiéu nhigt d6 sdi tang dan la: A. (1), 2), GB), (4) B. (1). (4), (3), (2) C. (2), (3), (4), (1) D. (4), (3), (2). (1) CAu 18: Cho cac ancol: butylic (1), sec butylic (2), iso butylic (3), tert butylic (4), Chat c6 nhiét dé sdi cao nhat 1a: A.(1) B.(2) c.(3) D. (4) KMHANG WIT»Kp huge vée du loang phe If thuyé Hou hoe — Nguyén Anh Phong CAu 19: Cho céc hidrocacbon: Pentan (1), iso ~ Pentan (2), neo ~ Pentan (3). Cae chat duoc sap xép theo chiéu nhiét 46 sdi ting dan A. (1). (2), GB) _ BG). €.2),),6) Ds (3). (1). 2) Cfu 20: Trong cde chat sau: COs, $02, CHsOH, CH;COOH, H,0. Chat c6 nhigt 46 sdi cao nhat la: AL HO. B.CH;COOH. — C. C,H;OH. D. SO». Cfiu 21: Cho so dd CoH (X) 3 CoHsCH(Y) > CaO (Z) > C2H,Q, (T) — CsH30,Na (G) > CH, (F) Chat c6 nhigt d6 s6i cao nhat a : A.(Z) B.(G) D.(Y) Cafu 22: Sap xép cae chat sau theo chié 6 i (2), CsH7OH (3), CyHsCl (4), CH;COOH (5), CH,OH (6). A. (2), (4), (6). (1). (3). 5) B. (2). (4), (5), (6). (1), GB) C. (5), 3). (1). (6), (4). 2) D. (3), (4), (1). (5). (6). (2) C&u 23: Sap xép cdc chat sau theo thir ty nhigt dd sdi gidm dan: ancol etylic (1). metyl axetat (2), etyl amin (3), axit fomic (4), Natri fomiat (5). A. (1), (5), (3), (4), (2) B. (5), 4). (1), 3). (2) C. (2), 3). (1). (4). 3) D.(5). (2). (4). (1). 8) Cau 2d: Cho cae chat: CHy-NHb 1), CIL-OH (2), CH ‘| (3), HCOOH (4). Cae chit trén duge sip xép theo chiéu nhigt dd s6i ting dan la: A. (1), 2). 3), 4) B. (3), (2), (1). 4) C. (3). (1). (2), (4). D. (1), (3), 4) cia cae chat duge sip xép theo chieu tang CoHSOH (1), CsHy fin. Truong hop B. CsHsCl < CH;COOCH, < CH,OH < CH,COOH C. CH;OH < CHyCH,COOH < NH < HCI D. HCOOH < CH;OH < CHyCOOH < C3HsF Céu 26: Trong cdc chat sau, chat nao c6 nhiét sdi thap nhat? A. Propyl amin B. iso propyl amin C. Etyl metyl amin D. Trimetyl amin Cau 27: So sanh nhigt dd sdi cia cdc chat sau: ancol etylic (1), Etyl clorua (2), dimetyl ete (3), axit axetic (4), phenol (5). A.1>2>3>4>5 B.4>5>3>2>1 C.5>4>1>2>3 D.4>1>5>2>3 Cau 28: Sip xép céc chat sau theo thir ty giam dan nhiét dé sdi: CHyCOOH (1), HCOOCH; (2), CHsCH;COOH (3), CHsCOOCH, (4), CHyCH,CH2OH (5). A.3>5>1>2>4 B.1>3>4>5>2 C.3>1>4>5>2 D.3>1>5>4>2 iH ANGE WayAhungviet.comyn ~ BT: 39103821 Cau 29: Sap xép cic chat sau theo thir tu giam dan nhiét 46 etylclorua (2), dimetyl ete (3) va axit axetic(4)? A.(IP2PB)(4) C. (4) >(1) >(2)>3) B. (4)>(3)>(2)>(1) D. (1)>(4)>(2)>) Cfiu 30. Cho cae chat sau: (1) HCOOH. (2) CHyCOOH, (3) CHsOH, (4) CHCl. Cac chat duge sap xép theo chiéu nhiét d6 s6i ting dan la: A. (1) <(3) <(1) < (4) C.(2) <(4) <3) < (I) B. (4) <(@) <(1) <(2) D. (3) <(2) <(1) <(4) Cfu 31. Cho céc chat: CH;CH,CH2COOH (1), CHsCHsCH(CI)COOH (2), CH;CH(CI)CH;COOH (3), i: ancol etylic( 1), CH,(CI)CH:CH;COOH (4). Cae chat duge sip xép theo chidu nhiét d6 sdi giam dan la: A. (1), (2), (3), (4). B. (4), (3), (2), (ID. €C.2).B). 4). D.(1). (4), 3), 2) Cau 32: Trong sé cde chat dudi day, cht c6 nhigt 6 s6i cao nhat la A, CH,;COOH B. C)H,OH ©. HCOOCH; —_D. CH;CHO BANG DAP AN oc [ 02.¢ 5.A | 06.8 | 07.B | 08.5 09.B | 10.B 14.C [15.A | 16 7A | 18.4 | 19.8 22.A | 23.B | 24. Ee Ee eae 30.B | 31D | 32. A, So sinh tinh axit-bazo a) Phuong phap so sinh tinh axit ~ So sdnh tinh axit ctia 1 s6 hgp chat hitu co la so sinh d6 linh déng ca nguyér tir H trong HCHC Hop chat nao 6 46 linh dng cia nguyén ti H cng cao thi tinh axit céng manh: — Dinh nghia d@ linh dong cia nguyén tt H (hidro): La kha nang phan ly ra ion H (+) cla hop chat hitu co dé. ~ Dé linh dong ctia nguyén tir hidro phy thudc vo lye hit tinh dién gitta nguyén tir lién két v6i hidro. Vi du: géc -COOH gitta oxi va hidro c6 mot lye hit tinh dign O—H. + néu mat 46 e 6 oxi nhiéu thi lye hit cang yéu hidro cing khé téch—tinh axit gidm. + néu mat dO e 6 oxi gidm thi Iye hit sé ting, dé tach hidro hon—stinh anit tang. b) Nguyén tie: Thit ty wu tién so sanh. — Dé so sanh ta xét xem céc hop chat hitu co (HCHC) cing nhém chtte chita nguyén tir H linh déng (Vi dy: OH, COOH...) hay khong.Kp ahudt vét din toang chink phue lf thuyét Hoa hoe— Nguyén Anh Phong * Néu cée hop chat hitu co khéng cing nhém chite thi ta cé tinh axit giam dan theo thir tyr Axit vO co > Axit hitu co > HyCO; > Phenol > H20 > Ancol * Néu cée hop chat hiw co c6 cing nhém chite thi ta phai xét xem gée hydrocacbon cia cac HCHC dé Ia gée day dién tir hay hut dign tr: + Néu cdc HCHC lién két véi cde géc day dién tt (hydrocacbon no) thi dé linh dong cia nguyén ti H hay tinh axit cia cac hop chat hitu co dé gidm + Néu cic HCHC lién két véi cdc géc hut dign tir (hydrocacbon khéng no, hydrocacbon thom) thi a6 linh dng cia nguyén tir H hay tinh axit eta cae hop chat hitu co dé tang. Cha y: + Gée day e; géc hidrocacbon no (géc cang dai cang phire tap, cang nhiéu nhanh thi tinh axit cang giam)/ Vi du: CH;COOH > CHs;CH,COOH > CH3CH;CH;COOH > CH;CH(CH3)COOH + Géc hit e gdm: géc hidrocacbon khéng no, NOs, halogen, chat c6 49 am dign cao, + Gée HC c6 lin két 3 > géc HC thom > géc HC chita lién két déi. F>Cl>Br>1.... Dé hiéu thém cdc ban theo doi qua céc vi dy cu thé sau day: Cau 1: Cho cae chit sau C:HsOH(1), CH;COOH(), CH:=CH-COOH (3), CoHsOH(4), p-CHs-CsH,OH (5), CsHs-CH2OH(6). Sap xép theo chiéu tang dan d6 linh déng cia nguyén tir H trong nhém -OH etia cae chat trén 1a: A. (3), (6), (5). (4), (2), B. (1). (5), (6), (4), (2), B) C. (1), (6), (5), 4), 3), 2) D. (1), (6), (5), (4), (2), G) Hiring dai Tachiara3 nhém: — Nhéma (ancol):1,6 Nhom b (phenol); 4,5 Nhém ¢ (axit): 2,3 Theo thi ty wu tién thi tinh axit cia nhém a tinh axit 3 > 2 Tém lai ta cé tinh axit cla: 1 <6<5<4<2<3 — Chon dap an D 26Cau 2: Dé linh dong cia nguyén ti H trong nhém OH cita cée chat C)HsOH, CoHsOH, H30, HCOOH, CH;COOH ting dan theo thir ty nao? A. CoHsOH < H;0 < CoHsOH < HCOOH (nhém hat) nén 2 ¢6 lye hit manh hon — tinh axit etia 1<2 Voi mhom e: 3<4<6<5<7 3 bé nhat do c6 ede ~C3H; (gdc day) I6n hon -C2Hs 4<6 do 5,6,7 c6 thém géc halogen (hit e) 6<5 do clo 6 6 xa hon 5 6<7 do clo cé dd Am dign bé hon F. —> Chon dap an BAp ahaa vét aie toung chinh ple Is thuyét Ha ge Nguyén Auk Phong BAI TAP REN LU Cau 1: Thir ty cdc chat xép theo chiéu tang dan lyre A. HCOOH1>4>3>2 C.1>5>4>2>3 Cau 16: Trong cac axit sau, axit c6 tinh axit manh nhat la: A. O)N ~CgHy - COOH B. CH,COOH C. ON - CoH; ~(C D. HCOOH s-COOH (2), CH;COOH (3), CHCl-COOH (4). eTKy the vt ae loang chink phuc If uy ét Han he ~ Nguyén Anh Phong Cu 17: Cho cae chat: CHsCICOOH (a); CH;-COOH (b); CoHsOH (¢); HCO.) H2SO, (e). Tinh axit cia cdc chat gidm theo trat tu: Ave>b>d>c>a B.e>a>b>d>c C.e>b>ard>c D.e>a>b>e>d Cfu 18: Xét cae chat: (1): Axit axetic: (11): Phenol; (II): Glixerok: (IV): Axit fomic; (V): Ancol metylic: (VI): Nuwe; (VI): Axit propionic. B manh tinh axit céc chat tang dan nhwr sau: A. (V) < (IID < (VI) < (ID < (VI) < (I) < (IV) B. (VI) <(V) < (IID) < (II) < (VII) < (1) < (IY) C.(V) < (VD < (Il) < (IID) < (VID) < (J) < IV) D. (V) <(VI) < (IID < (I) < (VII) < (I) < (IV) CAu 19: So sanh tinh axit cla céc axit sau: (1) CH,CICHCICOOH; (2) CH;CHCICOOH: (3) HCOOH: (4) CCI;COOH: (5) CH;COOH. A. (1) < (2) <3) < (4) <6) B. (4) < (1) < (2) < (3) < (5) €.(5)< 3) <1) < @) <4) D.(5) amin bac | + Vi du tinh bazo cita (CHs);NH > CHaNHp > (CHy)sNs (CoHs)yNH > (CoHs)3N > CoHsNH2 Chit §: RONa > NaOH,KOH... voi R li géc hidrocacbon no nhu (CH;ONa, CyH,ONa...) Dé hiéu thém céc ban theo doi qua cdc vi du cu thé sau day: iAhangviet.com.yn ~ DT: 3910 3821 Cfiu 1: Cho cdc chat: (CsHs)2NH, NHs, (CHs)2NH, CcHsNHb. Trit tyr tng dan tinh bazo (theo chiéu tir trai qua phai) cia 5 chat trén la: A. (CoHs)NH: CsHsNHp; NH; (CH);NH B, (CHs)2NH; (CoHs)2NH: NHs: CcHsNHp C. CgHsNHb; (CoHs)2NH; NH3; (CH)2NH D. NHs; (CoHs)2NH; CcHsNH3; (CH3)s3NH Hwéng din: + (CH):NH c6-CH; la gée day Lim ting mat dO e tai N > kha ming nhan H tang — cé tinh bazo manh nhat. + NH; cé nhém NH lién két voi H(géc khdng hut khong da: + CoHsNHp 06 NH) lién két voi 1 gd —CoHs (g6c hit) lam nén tinh bazo sé yéu hon. + (CoHs))NH 6 NH ign két voi 2 gée ~CoHs nén lye hut cang manh mat dd e giam — c6 tinh bazo yéu nhat, — Chon dap an A ‘Cu 2: Cho cdc chat sau: p-NOCcH;NH2(1), p-CICsHsNH,(2), p-CHsCoHsNH2(3). Tinh bazo tang dan theo day: giam mat d6 e tai N A.(1) <(2)<@) B. (2) <(1) <3) C.(1) B. CcHsNH;, CHsCcHyNH2, NHs,CH;NHp, CHsONa, NaOH C. NH, CoHsNH2, CH3CsH«NHp, CH3NHp, C7HsONa, NaOH D. CgHsNH2, CH3CgHyNHp, NH3, CHs3NH>, NaOH, CoHsONa Huéng dan: Ta chia thanh céc nhém dé dé so sanh Nhém 1: NaOH, C;H;ONa Nhém 2: CoHsNH2,CHyCgHyNHp, NH3,CH;NH> Theo thir ty wu tién ta luén ¢6: Tinh bazo cia nhom | > nhém 2 V6i nh6m 1: Theo luu y trén thi CH;ONa > NaQH V6i nhém 2: ~ CH;NH; c6 g6c CH; day e + manh nhat (géc hidrocacbon cang dai cang phite tap thi day cang manh). ~NHs khong ¢6 nhom hiit va nhém day > NHs nhé hon CH;NH) va tén hon 2 chat kia, ~ CH;CoHiNH) c6 thém | géc ~CH, day e 6 tinh bazo manh hon CoHsNH2 (chi chita nhém hit). — Chon dap an DKY thudt vét dau loang chink phye lf thuyét Héa hoc ~ Nguyén Anh Phong BAI TAP REN LUYEN Céu 1: B6 manh bazo xép theo thtr tyr ting dan dung trong day ndo? ‘A. CHy-NHp, NH, CsHsNH2, CoHsNH2 TL. NH3,CHy-NHp, CoHsNHp, CoHsNH2 ©. NH3,CoHsNH3, CHs-NHp, CoHsNH> D. CcHsNHp, NH3, CH3-NHp, CoHsNH2 Céu 2: Cho céc chat sau: CcHsNH3(1); CoHsNH2(2); (C2Hs):NH (3); NaOH (4); PY Hx(5) 7 rt ty ting dan tinh bazo (tir trai qua phai) cua 5 chat trén 1a: A. (1), (5), (2), 3), 4) B. (1), (2), (5), 3), (4) os ©) (3), (2), 4) D. (2), (1), 3), (5). 4) : Hay ép céc chat sau day theo trinh ty tinh bazo ting dan tir “trai sang phai: amoniac, anilin, pnitroanilin, metylamin, dimetylamin. ‘A. O3NCcH,NH2< CcHsNH3< NH3< CHsNH2< (CH3)2NH B. CcHsNH> < O:NCgH«NH3< NH3< CH3NH2< (CH3))NH C. O.NC¢HsNH9< CoHsNH2< CH;NH)< NH3< (CH3)NH D. O:NCoH,NH2< NH3< CoHsNH)< CHsNHD< (CH3):NH Cfu 4: Sap xép cae amin: anilin (1), metyl amin(2), dimety! amin(3) va trimety! amin (4) theo chiéu ting dan tinh bazo: A. (1) < (2) <3) < (4) B. (4) <(1); (c) CHyCgHy-NHp; (d) O2N-CoHs-NH2 A.b>c>a>d B.b>c>d>a C.a>b>d>c Dia>b>c>d Cu 11: Cho cdc chat: amoniac (1); anilin (2); p-nitroanilin (3); p-metylanilin (4); metylamin (5); dimetylamin (6). Thir ty ting dan lye bazo ctia cdc chat la: A. (3) <(2) <(4) <(1) <(5) < (6) B. (2) < (3) <(4) <(I) <(5) < (6) C.2)> G)> 4)> (1) > 5) > ©) D. (3) <(1) <(4)< (2) <6) <6) Cafu 12: Chat nao c6 Ie bazo manh nhat? A. CH;-NH) B. (CHs),CH-NH> C. CH;-NH-CH; D. (CHs);N a BANG DAP AN 1.D[2.A[3.A[4.C[5.D]6.C[7.A]8.D]9.C] 10.A|11.A | 12.C 1.3 Dé 6n luyén tong hyp DE ON TAP KIEM TRA TONG HOP - SO 1 Cfiu 1: Cé céc dung dich riéng bigt sau: NaCl, AgNOs, Pb(NOs)2, NHyNOs, ZnCl, CaCh, CuSO,, FeCl. Khi sye khi HzS vao cde dung dich trén, s6 truong hop sinh ra két tua la; A.6 B.S C3 D.4 Cau 2: Cho cdc plan tmg sau: (1) CaOCh + 2HCI dic > CaCh + Ch + HO (2) NH,Cl_ — NH;+ HCI (3) NH\NO; —> NO +2H,0 (4) FeS + 2HCI —> FeCl, + HS (5) Ch +2NaBr —> 2NaCl+ Bry (6)C +CO, + 2CO Sé phan img thudc loai phan tmg oxi héa — khir a: A.4 B.S C.6 _ D3 Cau 3: Cho day cdc chat sau day: Cl, KH:POs, CsHyO3, CH;COONa, HCOOH, Hs, Mg(OH)2, CoH, NHCl. $6 chat dign fi trong day a: A4 B.6 C3 D.5 CAu 4: Cho day cée chit: AlOs, NaHCO, KyCOs, CrO5, Zn(OH)2, Sn(OH)2, AICI. Sé chat trong day c6 tinh chat luong tinh i: ALT B.S Lene | D.6 C&u 5: Cho cae chét: NaHCO, CO, Al(OH), Fe(OH);, HF, Ch, NHCI. $6 tac dung durge voi dung dich NaOH loang 6 nhiét d6 thudng Ia: A.4 B.5 C3 D.6KV thugt vét déw loang chink phyc tj thuyét Héa hoc ~ Nguyén Anh Phong Cfu 6:Cho dung dich Ba(HCOs); lan lot vao é4c dung dich: CaCl, Ca(NOs), NaOH. Na,COs, KHSOz, NaxSO,, Ca(OH)», H2SO,, HCI. $6 trudng hop e6 tao ra két tha la: Ad B.5 C.6 D.7 Cu 7: Cho céc chat sau: axetilen, etilen, benzen, buta—1.3-dien, stiren, toluen, anlyl benzen, naphtalen. $6 chat tac dung duge véi dung dich nude brom la: A6 B.3 Co D.4 Cfiu 8: Cho day cae chat: HCHO, CH;COOH, CH;COOC;Hs, HCOOH, C)HsOH, HCOOCH,. $6 chat trong day cé thé tham gia phan ting trang bac la: AS B.6 c.4 D.S Cafu 9: Cho cae phat biéu sau: (1) Trong mét chu ky, theo chiéu ting ctia dién tich hat nhan thi ban kinh nguyén tir giam dan. (2) Trong mét nhém A, theo chiéu tang dan ctia dién tich hat nhan thi do am dign tang dan. (3) Lién két héa hoe gidta mot kim loai nhém JA va mét phi kim nhom VITA lu6n 1a lién két ion (4) Nguyén tir N trong HNO; cong héa tri 1a 5. (5) Sé oxi héa cia Cr trong K2Cr:0; la +6. S6 phat biéu ding la: A.2 B.3 C4 D.5 Cfiu 10: Cho cdc cht: Cu, Mg, FeCl, Fe;O,. Co may chat trong dung duge véi dd chira Mg(NOs): va H2SO,? Al B.2 C4 D.3 CAu 11: Cho cae phan ting sau: (1) 2Fe +31, ——> 2Fel; (2) 3Fe(dur) + 8HNOs (lofing) ——> 3Fe(NOs)2 + 2NO + 4H,0 (3)AgNO3 + Fe(NO;). —> Fe(NO;); + Ag (4) Mg(HCOs); + 2Ca(OH)s (du) ——> 2CaCO; + Mg(OH) + 2H20 (5) 2AICh + 3Na,CO, ——> Al(CO;); + 6NaCI (6) FeO + 2HNQs (1) —> Fe(NO3)2 + H20 (7) NaHCO, + Ca(OH), 22"! _5 Caco, + NaOH + H,O Nhiing phan ting ding la: A. (2), (3); (5), (7) B. (1), (2), (4), (6), (7) C. (1), (2), (3), (4), (7) D. (2), (3), (4), (7), CAu_ 12: Cho cde chat: KMnO,, K2Cr0;, MnO) c6 cing s6 mol lan hrot phan ting voi dd HCI dic du. Cac chat tao ra ltrong khi Cl; (cing diéu kign) theo chiéu ting dan tir trai qua phai la: A. MnO: K,Cr90r; KMnOy B, MnOz, KMnO,; KxCr0; ; nO, KMnOy, MnOs, K: Ac chat dé téekhangviet.com.yn ~ DT: 3910 3821 Cu 13: Cho ede phan tir (1) MgO; (2) Al «5 (3) SiOx; (4) POs. BS phan eye ctia ching duge sip xép theo chiéu ting dan tr trai qua phai 1a: A. (3), (2), (4). (1) B. (1). (2), 3), (4) C. (4), (3), (2), (I) D. (2), (3). (1), (4) Cau 1 phai la: A. C3Hs, CHyCOOH, C;H;OH, HCOOCH; B. CsHs, HCOOCH;, C;H;OH, CH;COOH C. CsH;OH, C3Hs, CH}COOH, HCOOCH3 D. CyHs, C3H;OH, HCOOCHG, CH;COOH CAu 15: Cho cdc phat biéu sau: (a) Kim loai kiém déu c6 cau trie lap phuong tam khéi va nhigt 46 nong chay ting dan tir Li dén Cs. (b) Van dung phan ing gitta bot nhdm va sat oxit (hén hop tecmit) dé hin duong ray. (c) Trong nhém IA, tir Li dén Cs, kha nding phan ting v6i nude giam dan. (d) C6 thé diéu ché Ba, Ca, Mg bang cach dién phan néng chay mudi clorua tong tng ctia ching. (e) Tat ed ce mudi cacbonat déu kém bén véi nigt, (f) Tat cd dung dich mudi cia kim logi kiém, kim thé déu 6 pH > 7. So phat biéu khOng ding 1a: AB B.5 c.4 D.2 CAu 16: Thye hign cac thi nghiém sau: (a) Nung NH,NO; ran. (b) Cho Mg tac dung voi dd HNO; loang, dur (c) Cho CaOCh vao dung dich HCI dic (d) Sue khi CO, vao dd Na,CO; (du). (e) Suc khi SO, vao dung dich HS. (g) Cho dung dich KHSO, vao dung dich NaHCO. (h) Cho Cu vao dung dich HCI (loang). (i) Cho tir tir NaxCO; vao dung dich HCl S6 thi nghiém chc chan sinh ra chat khi la: A.2 B.4 C5 D.6 CAu 17: Thye hign cdc thi nghiém sau: (a) Cho Al vio dung dich FeCh du. (b) Cho kim loai Na vao dung dich CuSO. (c) Cho dung dich AgNO, vao dung dich Fe(NOs).. (d) Cho dung dich Ba(NO;); vao dung dich KHSO, (e) Cho dung dich NaAIO> vao dung dich HCI du. (f) Cho dung dich NaHCO; vao dung dich BaCly. Sau khi két thie phan dng, s6 trudng hop xudt hign két tia la: Ad B.2 C5 ay gdm cac chat duge xép theo chigu nhiét 46 s6i ting dan tir tradi sangKj thugt vée déu toang chink phuc ls thuyét Héa hoe — Nawwén Anh Phong Cfiu 18: Cho cdc chdt: NaxCOs, NasPOs, NaOH, Ca(OH):, HCI, KCOs. thé Lim mém nude céing tam thoi la: A.2 B.3 c.4 D.5 CAu 19: Cacbon 06 thé khir bao nhigu chat trong s6 cde chat sau: AlOx; CO: Fe;0,; ZnO; H;0; SiO,; MgO A.4 B.S C.6 D.3 Cfiu 20: Thyc hign cée thi nghigm sau: (a) Cho Al vao dung dich H)SO, dic ngudi (b) Cho Fe(NO)) vao dung dich AgNO3. (c) Cho Na vao dd CuSO. (d) Cho Au vao dung dich HNO; dae néng. (e) Ch vao nude javen. (f) Pb vio dung dich H,SO, loang. Trong cdc thi nghiém trén, sé thi nghiém xay ra phan img 1a: A.2 B.3 c4 D.5 Cau 21: Cho day céc chat: phenyl axetat, anlyl axetat, ety! axetat, metyl acrylat, tripanmitin, vinyl axetat. $6 chat trong day khi thy phan trong dung dich NaOH loang(du), dun néng sinh ra ancol la: A.6 B.5 c.4 D.3 Céu 22: Nguyén 6 X 6 chu ky 2, trong hgp chat khi voi H cé dang XH2. Phat biéu nao sau day vé X la khéng ding? A. X c6 2 déc than B. X cé dign héa trj trong hgp chat voi Na la 2- C. Hop chat XH, chita lin két cong héa tri phan cure D. X c6 sé oxi héa cao nhat la +6 Cfu 23: A cé cOng thire phan tir CyHsO. Khi phan img voi dd Br) dur tao thanh san phim B c6 Mp —Ma=237.S6 chat A théa man La: Al B.4 C.2 ee) Cfiu 24: Thye hign cdc thi nghiém sau: (1) Tha mét dinh Fe vao dung dich HCI. (2) Tha mét dinh Fe vao dung dich Cu(NOs):. (3) Tha mét dinh Fe vao dung dich FeCl. (4) N6i mot day Ni voi mdt day Fe rdi dé trong khong khi am. (5) Dét mét day Fe trong binh kin chira day khi Oo. (6) Tha mét dinh Fe vao dung dich chtta CuSO, va H2SO, loaing. Trong cdc thi nghiém trén thi thi nghi&m ma Fe khéng bj an mén dign héa hoc 1a A. (2), (4), (6). B. (1), (3), (5)- C. (1), G), (4), 5). D. (2), (3), (4), (6). CAu 25: Cho céc phat biéu sau: (1) Teflon, thiy tinh hitu co, poli propilen vito capron duge digu ché tir phin img tring hop cac monome tuon, ig ung. (2) Nhya novolac va nhya rezit déu c6 cau trie mach khéng phan nhanh. 36Khangviet.com.vn ~ DT: 3916 3821 (3) Nilon-6, vinylclorua, poli (vinyl axetat) va benzylpropanoat déu bj thiiy phan khi tac dyng voi dd NaOH loang, dun néng. (4) Béng, to visco, to tim va thude sting khéng khdi déu cd nguén géc tir xenlulozo. (5) Cé thé ding dung dich HCI nhan biét cdc chat long va dung dich: ancol etylic, benzen, anilin, natriphenolat. (6) Ham Iuong glucozo khéng déi trong mau ngudi 1A 0,1%, madi mononatri glutamat [a thanh phan chinh cia bét ngot. (7) Ding nude va Cu(OH), 48 phan biét triolein, etylen glycol va axit axetic. Sé phat biéu ding A.4 B.S C.3 D.6 CAu 26: Cho céc chat: AlOs, Ca(HCOs)>, (NH,)2CO3, CH;COONH,, NakiSO,, axit glutamic, Sn(OH);, Pb(OH)>. $6 chat luOng tinh Li: A8 B.S C.6 D.7 CAu 27: Cho cae thi nghiém sau: (1) Oxi héa hoan toan etanol (xiie tac men gidm, nhiét 49). (2) Suc khi SO> qua dung dich nuéc brom. (3) Cho cacbon téc dung véi H»SO, dic, néng. (4) Suc khi Cly vao dung dich nue brom. (5) Cho metanol qua CuO, dun néng. (6) Dién phan dung dich Cu(NO3); véi dign cye duong bing dng. dign cur: am bang thép. S6 thi nghiém cé axit sinh ra la: A.2 B3 C4 B.S Cfiu 28: Phat biéu nao sau day ding? A. Suc khi Cl; vao dung dich chita mudi CrOy" trong méi trudng kiém t1o dung dich c6 mau da cam. B. Trong mdi trudng axit, Zn c6 thé khir duge Cr’ thanh Cr. C. M6t sé chat v6 co va hitu co nhu S, P, C, CzHsOH bée chay khi tiép xtc vi CrOy, D. Cho dung dich H2SO, loang vao dung dich NasCrO,, dung mau da cam sang mau vang. Céu 29: Tién hanh cdc thi nghiém sau: (a) Suc khi etilen vio dung dich KMnO, loang. (b) Cho ancol etylic phan ing voi Na (c) Cho metan phan tg véi Cl, (as) (d) Cho dung dich glucozo vao AgNOs/NH; du, dun néng. (¢) Cho AgNO; du téc dung voi dd FeCl; ch chayén tir Trong cdc thi nghigm trén, s6 thi nghigm cé xay ra phan img oxi hoa — khir 1a A. 4, B.S. (Onl e Lee CAu 30: Loai quang nao sau day khéng phit hgp véi tén goi? A. Cacnalit (KCIMgCh.6H;0) BSAG thugs vér déu loang chinh phuc lf thuyét Héa hoc ~ Nguyén Anh Phong B. Xinvinit NaCLKCI C. Apatit (3Cax(PO,):.CaF) D. Cao lanh (3Mg,2SiO;.2H;0) Céu 31: Cho cae phuong trinh phan ing (1) CaHio + Fa, (2) AgNO; "> (3) HO: + KNO, (4) Dién phan dung dich NaNO; (5) Mg + FeCl; dur (6) HS + dd Ch. 6 phan img tao ra don chat 1a: A2 B.3 c.4 D.5 Cfiu 32: Cho cde cp chat phan ing véi nhau ()Li+N; (2)Hg+S (3) NO + Oy (4) Mg + No (5) Hy + Oz (6) Ca+H,0 (7) Cl(k) + H(k) (8) Ag + O5 $86 phan img xay ra 6 nhiét dé thudng 1a: Ad B.S C.6 D.7 C4u 33: Cu(OH), phan tig duge vi tat ca cae chat trong day nao sau day (6 diéu kign thich hop)? A. (CoHivOs)n; CoH«(OH) 3 CH>=CH-COOH B, CH3;CHO; C\Hs(OH);; CH3COOH. C. Fe(NO;);, CH;COOC3Hs, anbumin (ldng trang tring). D. NaCl, CHsCOOH; CoH20s. CAu 34: Cho cae nguyén t6 X (Z = 11); Y(Z = 13); T(Z=17). Nhén xét nao sau day la dung? A. Ban kinh ctia cdc nguyén tir tong img ting dan theo chiéu tang cla sé hié B. Cac hop chat tao bai X voi T va Y véi T déu la hop chat ion. C. Nguyén tir cae nguyén t6 X, Y, T 6 trang thai co ban déu cé | electron déc than. D. Oxit va hidroxit ctia X, Y, T déu la chat ludng tinh, CAu 35: Thyc hign cae thi nghiém sau: (a) Nung NH,NO; ran. (b) Dun néng NaCl tinh thé voi dung dich H)SO, (dc). (c) Suc khi Ciy vao dung dich NaHCO;. (a) Suc khi CO; vao dung dich Ca(OH), (du). (e) Suc khi SO) vio dung dich KMnO,. (g) Cho dung dich KHSO, vao dung dich NaHCO). (h) Cho PbS vao dung dich HCI (loang). (i) Cho Na,SOj vao dung dich H2SO; (dur), dun néng. 86 thi nghiém sinh ra chat khi la: Ad B.2 C.6 D5 38Khangviet.com.yn ~ BT: 3910 3821 CAu 36: Ngudi ta mé ta hign twong thu duge & mét sé thi nghiém nhu sau: 1. Cho Bry vao dung dich phenol xuat hién két tia mau trang. Cho quy tim vao dung dich phenol, quy chuyén mau d6. 3. Cho phenol vio dung dich NaOH du, ban dau phan l6p, sau tao dung dich khi CO, qua dung dich natri phenolat xuat hign vn dye mau tring. $6 thi nghigm duge mé ta ding 1a A.4 is Cc. D.3 Cfu 37: Cho day cde chat: N;, Ho, NHs, NaCl, HCI, H20. $6 chat trong day ma phan tt chi chtra lién két cng héa trj phan cute 1a: AS B.6 C3 D.4 Céu 38: Cho so dé phan img sau: But-1-en—tHCL x20, y 180, dae 7 To 5 K Biét X, Y, Z, T, K déu la sin in phim chin ciia timg giai dogn. Cong thie cdu tao thu gon cia K a ‘A. CH;CH>CH(OH)CH5. B. CH,(OH)CH;CH;CH,OH. C. CH;CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3. D. CH;CH;CH(OH)CH;OH CAu 39: Cho cdc nhiin xét vé phan bon: (1) Dé dinh duéng cita Supephotphat kép cao hon Supephotphat don. (2) Phan kali duge danh gié theo % khdi Ivong ca K tuong img véi lwgng kali 6 trong thanh phan ctia né. (3) Diéu ché phan Kali tir quiing apatit. (4) Tron ure va v6i trude Itc bon sé ting higu qua str dung. (5) Phan dam amoni lam cho dat chua thém. (6) Nitrophotka la hén hop cla NHjHsPO, va KNO, S6 nhan xét ding 1a: Ad B.2 C5 D.3 CAu 40: Cho day cdc chat: CsHsOH, CoHsNH, H2NCH,COOH, C:HsCOOH, CHCH,CH2NFh. Sé chat trong day tac dung durge voi dung dich HCI 1a Aes) B.S co D.4 Cu 41: Nhigt phan cdc mudi: KCIO3, KNOs, NaHCOs, Ca(HCOs)2, KMnOy, Fe(NO3)2, AgNOs, Cu(NOs)2 dén khi tgo thanh chat rin c6 khdi lrong khong di, thu duge bao nhiéu oxit kim loai? A4 B.6 C5 D.3 Cfu 42: Cho cde chat: NaOH, NaCl, Cu, HCl, NH, Zn, Ch, AgNOs. Sé chat tic dung duge voi dung dich Fe(NO3), la AS B.6 c.4 D.7 Cau 43: Cho céc chat sau: C2HsOH, CcHsOH, dung dich CoHsNH;Cl, dung dich NaOH, axit CHsCOOH. Cho timg cap chat tac dung véi nhau c6 xtie tac thich hgp, s6 c&p chat c6 phan tmg xay ra la: AS B.6 C4 D.3Kj hut vét diu loang chink plugc Ip thuyét Héa hoc - Neuyén Anh Phong Cau 44: C6 cdc ay trinh san xudt cde chét nhur sau: (1) 2CHy 150°C, oy, + 3H 0) Cot, HAH Cot Cs 8, CitteCH=CHe G) (CotlyOsp, HOME, C140, Ps COM @) CHOH +co "° CH,COOH (5) CH=CH, 2O2Xtt° CH;-CHO C6 bao nhiéu quy trinh san xuat 6 trén 1a quy trinh san xudt cde chat trong cong nghiép AS. B, 2. c.4. D.3. Cau 45: Phat biéu nao sau day khéng ding? A. Oy c6 tinh oxi héa manh hon O2. B, Mudi Agl khéng tan trong nudc, mudn AgF tan trong nude. C. Na,CO; 1a nguyén ligu quan trong trong cng nghigp san xuat thiyy tinh. D. Cac nguyén t6 ma nguyén tir ¢6 1,2,3,4 electron lop ngoai cing déu la kim loi Cu 46:Trong cac phat biéu sau, c6 bao nhiéu phat biéu ding? (a) Cho dung dich KMnO, tic dung voi dung dich HF (dic) thu duge khi F. (b) Ding phuong phap sunfat diéu ché duge: HP, HCI, HBr, HI. (¢) Amophot (hdn hgp ede mudi NHsH,PO,va (NH,),HPO,) la phan phite hop (d) Trong phong thi nghiém, khi CO duge diéu ché bing céch cho H»SO; dae vio axit fomic va dun néng. Al. B.3. Cr D.4. CAu 47: Cho cae phan ting sau: MnO, + HCI (dae) "> KhiX +... (1) Na;SO; + H2S0, (fie) —"-> KhiY +... (2) NH,CI+ NaOH "5 KhiZ+... 3) NaCl (1) + H,S0, (dic) —" > Khi G +... (4) ° Cu + HNO; (dic) ——> Khi E+... (5) FeS + HCI "> KhiF +... (6) Nhiing khi tée dung duge voi NaOH (trong dung dich) 6 diéu kién thurong la: A.X,Y,Z,G. B.X, Y,G. CXaYGENE D. X,Y, Z,G, E, F Cho cac chat don chite cé céng thire phan tir C3H¢Q> lan Ivot phan tng véi Na, NaOH, NaHCO3. $6 phan tig xay ra la: A.4 B.6. cu D5 40Khangviet.comvn — BT: 3910 3821 Cu 49: Cé 6 hdn hop khi duge danh sé (1) COs, $O>, No, HCl. (2) Ch, CO, HoS, O>. (3) HCI, CO, No, NH (4) Ho, HBr, CO, SO>. (5) Oo, CO, No, Ho, NO. (6) Fo, On; No; HF. Cé bao nhiéu hén hop khi khdng tn tai duge 6 digu kign throng? a Oe D.4 : Cho céc chat: C)H,(OH), CH:OH-CH)-CH,OH, CH3CH2CH2OH, CsHs(OH)s, (COOH), CH;COCH3, CH,(OH)CHO. Cé bao nhiéu chat déu phan tg duge véi Na va Cu(OH)» 6 nhiét dé thurdng? ALS. B.2 C4. D.3. BANG DAP AN ss 04.C | 05. B_ 07.C [08.A | 09.B | 10.C 4.B | 15.C 17.D | 18.D | 19.B | 20.B : A 27.B | 28.C |29.B |30.D 32. 34.C | 35.D | 36.D | 37.C |38.C [39.B | 40.A 42. 44. A | 45.D | 46.C | 47.C | 48.D [49.€ | 50. D | DAP AN VA LOI GIAI CHI TIET Chon dap an C 6 trong hop sinh ra két tua la: AgNOs, Pb(NOs)2, CuSO,. Cae phuong trinh phan ting xay ra: 2AgNO; + H,S—> Ag,S+ +2HNO; H)S+Pb(NO;), > PbS 4 +2HNO, H,S + CuSO, > CuS V +H,80, Cha y: FeS, ZnS... tan trong dung dich axit loang nhu HCI, H:SO, cho sin pham la H)S. Cfiu 2: Chon dap an A Céc phan img c6 sur thay déi sé oxi héa cla cde nguyén t6 fa phan ting oxi hoa khir. Gom: (1) CaOCl, + 2HCI de > CaCh + Ch + HO (3) NH,NO; > N30 +2H;0 (5) Ch +2NaBr — 2NaCI+ Bry (6)C+CO, + 2CcO Cfiu 3: Chon dap an D Ce em chit y: Chat dién Jy voi chat tan duge trong nuée tao thanh dung dich din duge dign trong nhiéu trudng hop la khée nhau, Vi dy Na, Ch, NH)... khéng [a chat dign ly, nhung cdc chat nay tae dung véi nude tao thanh chat dign ly tyong ting nhu NaOH, HCI, HCIO, NH,OH ... Chat dign ly manh i chat khi cée phan tir tan trong nuée thi phan ly hodn toan do dé cae chat nhu BaSO,, CaCO)... 1a cde chat dign ly manh! Vay cdc chat dién ly bao gdm: KH:PO,, CH;COONa, HCOOH, Mg(OH):, NH,CI.KS hue vée du toang chinh phuc li thayét How ge — Nguyén Anh Phong Ciu 4: Chon dip an C Cha ¥: Chat ludng tinh nhigu trudng hop la khée voi chat vira tac dung véi axit vita tac dung voi kiém.Vi dy Al, Zn... khong phai chat luong tinh. Sé chat trong day cé tinh chat Iuong tinh la: ALO3, NaHCOs, Zn(OH)>, Sn(OH) Ciu 5: Chon dap in B Sé chat tac dung duge véi dung dich NaOH loang 6 nhigt d6 thudng Li NaHCO, A(OH);, HF, Cl, NH,Cl. Cac phan ing: H* + HCO; > CO, +H,0 Al(OH), + OH” > AIO; +2H,0 HF + NaOH -> NaF + H,0 Cl, +2NaOH +NaCl+ NaClO +H,0 NH,Cl+NaOH -> NaCl + NH; +H,0 Cau 6: Chon dap an C Sé trudng hop c6 tao ra két tiia 1a: NaOH, NaxCOy, KHSOj, NarSOy, Ca(OH):, H2SO,. Cae phan tig: (I)OH” + HCO; > COZ +H,0 Ba* + CO} > BaCO, L (2)Ba?* +COF” > Racca, L (34,6) Ba’* +SO}° — BaSO, (5)Ca** + Ba* +2HCO§ +20H” > CaCO, 1 +BaCO, +2H,0 Cau 7: Chon dap an C Céc chat c6 thé tie dung véi nue brom e6 thé la: Chat 06 lién két khong ben ngoai nhém chite, xicloankan vii 3 canh, chat c6 chtre nhom — CHO, phenol, anilin. Sé chit tac dung duge véi dung dich nude brom la: axetilen, etilen, buta—I3- dien, stiren, anlyl benzen. Cau 8: Chon dap an A Sé chat trong day cé thé tham gia phan ting trang bac ki: HCHO, HCOOH, HCOOCH3. Ciu 9: Chon dap an B (1) Ding. Dign tich ting dan — sire hit gidta 1ép vd va hat nhan tang —> bin kinh giam dan. (2) Sai. Tinh kim loai tang dan + d6 am dign giam dan. (3) Dang. Lién két gitta kim loai manh va phi kim manh luén cd higu d6 am dign > 1,7. cao nhat cita nito). (4) Sai. Nguyén tit N trong HNO cng héa tr] 1a 4 (1a héa tri (5) Dung. Céu 10: Chon dip nC eTKhangviet.comyn ~ BT: 3910 3821 4H* +NO3 +3e—> NO +2H,0 Ngoai ra, c6 thé c6 cae phan img phy khac nhwr vai Fe;O, hodc 6 thé cho cde sin pham khir khac ty thuge vao diéu kign phan ting. Cfu 11: Chon dap an D Chi y: Khéng tén tai mudi Fels. Do d6, c6 thé higu la: Fe +1) ——> Fel, Cfu 12: Chon dap an B ‘Ta cé thé tu duy nhw sau: Cl; thoat ra cng nhiéu khi s6 oxi héa cita céc nguyén 16 thay d6i cdng lon. Nhan thay: MnO, thay déi 2 tir-+4 xuéng +2 KMn0, thay doi 5 tir +7 xuéng +2 K2Cr,O; thay déi 6 tir +6.2. xudng +3.2 Céu 13: Chon dap an C D6 phan cue tang khi higu dé Am dién gitta cdc nguyén té tang, Cfu 14: Chon dap an B Ngudi ta cin ctr theo khdi lugng phan tir va ign két hidro dé so sanh nhiét 46 séi. Trong dé lién két hidro trdi hon Cu 15: Chon dap an C (a) Sai. Nhiét dé néng chay giam dan tir Li dén Cs. (b) Ding. Theo SGK Iép 12. (c) Sai. Tinh khir tang dan nén kha ning phan tmg véi nude tang dan. (d) Ding (e) Sai. Céc mudi cacbonat cita kim loai kiém nhu NasCO,, K3CO, rit bén voi nhiét, (f) Sai, Cac mudi nhur CaCl, NaNOs... ¢6 pH = 7 (méi trudng trung tinh) CAu 16: Chon dap an B (a) Chae chin e6: NHyNO; —"->N,0f +2110 (b) Khdng chae vi san pham cé thé li NH,NO3. (c) Chae chan c6: CaOCl, + 2HC] > CaCl, + Cly + HO (d) Khéng c6 vi NayCO, du: CO, + Na,CO; + HO 2NaHCO, (e) Khéng 6: SO, +2H,S > 38 J +2H,0 (g) Chae chan 6: H* + HCO; > CO, +H,0 (h) Khong 6 phan ing. (i) Chae chan c6: NayCO, +2HCI—> 2NaCl+CO, +H,0 CAu 17: Chon dap an D (a) Khong cé Al+3Fe** — 3Fe: (b) C6 Na—!22_, NaOH — y+ (c) C6 Fe? + Ag* > Fe** + Ag (d) C6 Ba®* +80} > BaSO, (e) Khong NaAlo, “5 ain); —!> aici, (f) Khéng c6 phan img xay ra{KV tage v6t due foung chink phy [i thuyét Hoa hoe Nguyen Anh Phong Cfu 18: Chon dap an D Muén lam mém nude ta kim cho cde ion Ca’* hofic Mg” bién mat khoi dung dich mudi. Vy céc chat théa man la: NaxCOs, NasPO,, NaOH, Ca(OH)s, K2COs Cfu 19: Cho) fn B Cacbon e6 thé khir duge CO»; FesO,: ZnO; H,0; SiO>. (1) C+C0, -42c0 (2) 2C-+Fe0, "3200, +3Fe (3) C+2Zn0—"- +O, +2Zn0 (4) C+H,0—">c0+H, C+2H,0—"-+cO, +211, (5) SiO, + 2c —P4si + 2C0 Au 20: Chon dap an B Cée thi nghiém a, d, f, khéng ¢6 phan tng xay ra: cu (0) Na—!205 NaoH 5 cu(OH), 4 (b) Fe2* + Agt > Fe + Ag, (c) Cl, +NaCIO + H,0 > NaCl +2HCIO Cfu 21: Chon dap an C Cée chat théa man gdm: anlyl axetat, etyl axetat, mety! acrylat, tripanmitin, CH,COOC Hs + NaOH > CH;COONa + C,HjOH } (co 4+ NaOH -> CgHsONa +H,0 (2) CH;COOCH, ~ CH=CH) + NaOH > CH,COONa + CHy =CH ~CH,OH (3) CHj;COOC)H; + NaOH > CH,COONa + CH;CH,OH (4) CyH;COOCH, + NaOH -» C,Hy;COONa + CHjOH (5) C3Hs(OOCC) sHy))s +3NAOH —> CyHs(OH)3 +3C,sH3,COONa (6) CH;COOCH = CH) + NaOH > CH;COONa + CH,;CHO Cu 22: Chon dap in D_ Dé thay X 1a nguyén t6 oxi _ D. Oxi 68 54 oxi héa cao nhat la +2. Trong hop chit F:0 thi oxi 06 s6 oxi hoa +2. Chu 23: Chon d4p an C } Vi Mg -M,=237 nén A o6 kha nang thé 3 nguyén tir Brom, C6 hai CTCT cia A théa man la: (1) (n)CH,C,H,OH +3Br, > (m)CH;C,H(Br);OH + 3HBr (2) CsHsOCH, +3Br) -» CH,OC,H2(Br); +3HBr Cau 24: Chon dap an B 44Khangviet.comyn— BT: 3910 3821 Dé c6 An mon dign héa thi phai thoa man 3 diéu kién 1: C6 2 cy (2 kim loai khac nhau hode | kim loai | phi kim) Diéu kién 2: 2 oye nay phai tiép xc (true tiép hoae gidn tiép) Diéu kign 3: Cing duge nhiing vao dung dich chat dién ly Cae thi nghigm ma Fe khéng bj an mon dign héa hoc la: (1) Thiéu 1 dién cure. (3) Thiéu | dién cue. (5) Xay ra an mon héa hoe. CAu 25: Chon dap an A (1) Ding. Cac monome tuong ting la: CF, = CF,,CH, = C(CH;) - COOCH3, CH, = CH -CH Caprolactam la hgp chat ving 6 CTPT fa CoH) }ON (2) Sai. Rezit 6 cau trie manh khdng gian. (3) Sai. Vinylelorua tac dyng véi NaOH (dic) trong diéu kién nhigt 49 cao.ip suat cao. (4) Sai. Béng va to tam la polime thién nhién. (5) Ding. V6i ancol etylic tao dung dich déng nhat ngay, Benzen thi tach lép, Anilin lite dau tich 1ép sau tao dung dich déng nhat, natriphenolat cd két tha CgHsOH xuat hién. (6) Ding. Theo SGK lép 12. (7) Ding. V6i triolein khéng 6 phan img va khéng tan trong nhau, etylen glycol tao phic xanh tham, axit axetic tao dung dich mau xanh. Céu 26: Chon dap an D Sé chat Iu@ng tinh 1a: AlOs, Ca(HCOs)2, (NH,)sCOs, CHsCOONH,, axit glutamic, Sn(OH),, Pb(OH)2. CAu 27: Chon dap an B (1) C)HsOH +0, —"2*##"_, CH;COOH + HO (2) SO, + Bry + 2H,0 > 2HBr + H)SO, (3) C+ 2H SO, > CO, +280, +2H,0 (4) SCI) + Bry + 6HO > 2HBrO; +10HCI 0 (5) CH3OH + CuO——> HCHO + Cu + H,0 (6) Tai Anot sé xay ra qué trinh tan Cu —2e —» Cu?* Céu 28: Chon dap dn C A. Sai. C6 két tia Cr(OH); Suc khi Cl, vao dung dich chira mudi CrOy trong méi trudng kiém tao dung dich cé mau da cam. B. Sai, Zn + 2Cr** > 2Cr* + Zn? Trong mdi trudng axit, Zn c6 thé khir durge Cr’ thanh Cr. C. Diing theo SGK lép 12.