Hasil Praktikum

v (cm/s) Re
q (ml/s)
pipa besar pipa kecil pipa besar pipa kecil 1 2
5 2.552 13.644 450.156 1040.934 3 3.2
5.5 2.807 15.008 495.172 1145.028 2.8 3.2
6 3.062 16.372 540.187 1249.121 1.6 3
6.5 3.317 17.737 585.203 1353.215 2.2 3.1
12 6.124 32.745 1080.375 2498.242 2.5 3
23 11.738 62.760 2070.719 4788.298 2.6 2.7
24 12.249 65.489 2160.750 4996.485 3.9 5.7
26 13.270 70.947 2340.812 5412.859 1.6 2.1
27 13.780 73.675 2430.844 5621.045 4.6 5.2
32 16.332 87.319 2881.000 6661.980 2.9 4.1
37 18.884 100.962 3331.156 7702.914 3.7 7.8
39 19.904 106.420 3511.218 8119.288 5.3 0.1
42 21.435 114.606 3781.312 8743.848 4.5 7.3
45 22.966 122.792 4051.406 9368.409 2.1 3.8
50 25.518 136.436 4501.562 10409.343 3.9 2.9

PIPA LURUS
A. Pipa Lurus Besar Bawah (4)
q v Re R F
5 2.552 450.156 0.3 3708.7188276
5.5 2.807 495.172 0.3 3708.7188276
6 3.062 540.187 0.5 6181.198046
6.5 3.317 585.203 0.1 1236.2396092
12 6.124 1080.375 0.2 2472.4792184
23 11.738 2070.719 0.4 4944.9584368
24 12.249 2160.750 0.6 7417.4376552
26 13.270 2340.812 0.1 1236.2396092
27 13.780 2430.844 0.1 1236.2396092
32 16.332 2881.000 0.2 2472.4792184
37 18.884 3331.156 0.1 1236.2396092
39 19.904 3511.218 0.1 1236.2396092
42 21.435 3781.312 0.3 3708.7188276
45 22.966 4051.406 0.1 1236.2396092
50 25.518 4501.562 0.2 2472.4792184

B. Pipa Lurus Kecil Horizontal Bawah (7)

q v Re R F
5 13.644 1040.934 0.1 1236.2396092
5.5 15.008 1145.028 0.1 1236.2396092
 6 16.372 1249.121 0.1 1236.2396092
6.5 17.737 1353.215 0.1 1236.2396092
12 32.745 2498.242 0.3 3708.7188276
23 62.760 4788.298 1.8 22252.3129656
24 65.489 4996.485 2.5 30905.99023
26 70.947 5412.859 2.5 30905.99023
27 73.675 5621.045 1.5 18543.594138
32 87.319 6661.980 4.3 53158.3031956
37 100.962 7702.914 3.2 39559.6674944
39 106.420 8119.288 5.1 63048.2200692
42 114.606 8743.848 1.2 14834.8753104
45 122.792 9368.409 8 98899.168736
50 136.436 10409.343 4.3 53158.3031956

C. Pipa Lurus Kecil Vertikal (8)

q v Re R F
5 13.644 1040.934 0.1 1131.2396092
5.5 15.008 1145.028 0.1 1131.2396092
6 16.372 1249.121 0.1 1131.2396092
6.5 17.737 1353.215 0.1 1131.2396092
12 32.745 2498.242 0.2 2367.4792184
23 62.760 4788.298 1.4 17202.3545288
24 65.489 4996.485 1.6 19674.8337472
26 70.947 5412.859 0.8 9784.9168736
27 73.675 5621.045 2.1 25856.0317932
32 87.319 6661.980 3.2 39454.6674944
37 100.962 7702.914 1.8 22147.3129656
39 106.420 8119.288 3.4 41927.1467128
42 114.606 8743.848 0.7 8548.6772644
45 122.792 9368.409 6 74069.376552
50 136.436 10409.343 2.7 33273.4694484

D. Pipa Lurus Kecil Horizontal Atas (9)

q v Re R F
5 13.644 1040.934 0.3 3603.7188276
5.5 15.008 1145.028 0.3 3603.7188276
6 16.372 1249.121 0.3 3603.7188276
6.5 17.737 1353.215 0.3 3603.7188276
12 32.745 2498.242 1 12257.396092
23 62.760 4788.298 2.1 25856.0317932
24 65.489 4996.485 2.5 30800.99023
26 70.947 5412.859 2.4 29564.7506208
27 73.675 5621.045 1.3 15966.1149196
 32 87.319 6661.980 4.2 51817.0635864
37 100.962 7702.914 3.1 38218.4278852
39 106.420 8119.288 5.5 67888.178506
42 114.606 8743.848 3.1 38218.4278852
45 122.792 9368.409 7.6 93849.2102992
50 136.436 10409.343 5.5 67888.178506

E. Rata-rata f
Pipa Lurus Pipa Lurus
Kecil Pipa Lurus Kecil Kecil Rata-rata
Horizontal Vertikal (8) Horizontal nilai f
Bawah (7) Atas (9)
0.051 0.079 0.148 0.093
0.042 0.065 0.123 0.077
0.035 0.055 0.103 0.064
0.03 0.047 0.088 0.055
0.027 0.029 0.088 0.048
0.043 0.057 0.05 0.050
0.055 0.06 0.055 0.057
0.047 0.025 0.045 0.039
0.026 0.062 0.023 0.037
0.053 0.067 0.052 0.057
0.03 0.028 0.029 0.029
0.043 0.048 0.046 0.046
0.009 0.008 0.022 0.013
0.05 0.064 0.048 0.054
0.022 0.023 0.028 0.024

PERHITUNGAN PANJANG EKUIVALEN PRAKTIS

A. Valve (1)
q v Re R F
6 3.062 586.095 0.2 2471.740
8 4.083 781.460 3.3 40783.707
9 4.593 879.143 0.2 2471.740
10 5.104 976.825 0.8 9886.959
15 7.655 1465.238 0.3 3707.610
22 11.228 2149.015 2.3 28425.008
24 12.249 2344.380 0.2 2471.740
25 12.759 2442.063 0.1 1235.870
26 13.270 2539.745 0.1 1235.870
30 15.311 2930.475 4.3 53142.406
33 16.842 3223.523 0.3 3707.610
35 17.863 3418.888 0.1 1235.870
 38 19.394 3711.935 0.2 2471.740
40 20.415 3907.300 0.1 1235.870
43 21.946 4200.348 0.3 3707.610

B. Pembesaran (2)
q v Re R F
6 3.062 586.095 0.1 1235.870
8 4.083 781.460 0.1 1235.870
9 4.593 879.143 0.1 1235.870
10 5.104 976.825 0.1 1235.870
15 7.655 1465.238 0.4 4943.480
22 11.228 2149.015 0.2 2471.740
24 12.249 2344.380 0.4 4943.480
25 12.759 2442.063 0.5 6179.350
26 13.270 2539.745 0.5 6179.350
30 15.311 2930.475 0.3 3707.610
33 16.842 3223.523 0.7 8651.089
35 17.863 3418.888 0.1 1235.870
38 19.394 3711.935 1.7 21009.788
40 20.415 3907.300 0.1 1235.870
43 21.946 4200.348 0.9 11122.829

C. Bengkokan (3)
q v Re R F
6 3.062 586.095 0.1 1235.870
8 4.083 781.460 0.1 1235.870
9 4.593 879.143 0.1 1235.870
10 5.104 976.825 0.1 1235.870
15 7.655 1465.238 0.1 1235.870
22 11.228 2149.015 0.1 1235.870
24 12.249 2344.380 0.1 1235.870
25 12.759 2442.063 0.1 1235.870
26 13.270 2539.745 0.1 1235.870
30 15.311 2930.475 0.1 1235.870
33 16.842 3223.523 0.1 1235.870
35 17.863 3418.888 0.1 1235.870
38 19.394 3711.935 0.1 1235.870
40 20.415 3907.300 0.1 1235.870
43 21.946 4200.348 0.1 1235.870

D. Sambungan (5)
q v Re R F
6 3.062 586.095 0.1 1235.870
8 4.083 781.460 0.1 1235.870
9 4.593 879.143 0.2 2471.740
10 5.104 976.825 0.1 1235.870
 15 7.655 1465.238 0.2 2471.740
22 11.228 2149.015 1.2 14830.439
24 12.249 2344.380 1.8 22245.658
25 12.759 2442.063 1.6 19773.918
26 13.270 2539.745 1.1 13594.569
30 15.311 2930.475 2.4 29660.878
33 16.842 3223.523 2.5 30896.748
35 17.863 3418.888 3.1 38311.967
38 19.394 3711.935 3.1 38311.967
40 20.415 3907.300 3.1 38311.967
43 21.946 4200.348 4.2 51906.536

E. Pengecilan (6)
q v Re R F
6 16.372 1355.277 1.4 17190.179
8 21.830 1807.036 0.2 2359.740
9 24.558 2032.916 0.1 1123.870
10 27.287 2258.795 0.5 6067.350
15 40.931 3388.193 0.5 6067.350
22 60.032 4969.350 0.5 6067.350
24 65.489 5421.109 0.6 7303.219
25 68.218 5646.988 0.8 9774.959
26 70.947 5872.868 0.7 8539.089
30 81.861 6776.386 1 12246.699
33 90.048 7454.024 1.1 13482.569
35 95.505 7905.783 1.6 19661.918
38 103.691 8583.422 1.5 18426.049
40 109.149 9035.181 1.6 19661.918
43 117.335 9712.820 2 24605.398
Praktikum
R
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3
0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3
0.2 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3
0.1 0.1 1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3
0.1 0.2 1.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 1
0.1 0.4 0.3 0.3 1.8 1.4 2.1
0.2 0.6 0.3 1 2.5 1.6 2.5
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 2.5 0.8 2.4
0.2 0.1 0.3 0.8 1.5 2.1 1.3
0.3 0.2 0.3 1.4 4.3 3.2 4.2
0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 3.2 1.8 3.1
0.1 0.1 2.1 2 5.1 3.4 5.5
0.1 0.3 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.7 3.1
0.2 0.1 0.1 2.7 8 6 7.6
0.2 0.2 0.6 1.3 4.3 2.7 5.5

f
10.637
8.791 g/gc = 1 lbf/lbm = 9,8066 m/s^2 = 980,66 cm/s^2
12.312
2.098 gc = 32,174 lbm.ft/lbf.s^2 =0,999
1.231
0.670
0.923
0.131
0.122 L = 169 cm
0.173 D = 1.5798 cm
0.065
0.058
0.151
0.044
0.071

f
0.051
0.042 g/gc = 1 lbf/lbm = 9,8066 m/s^2 = 980,66 cm/s^2
0.035
0.030 gc = 32,174 lbm.ft/lbf.s^2 =0,999
0.027
0.043
0.055
0.047
0.026 L = 178 cm
0.053 D = 0.68326 cm
0.030
0.043
0.009
0.050
0.022

f
0.079
0.065
0.055 g/gc = 1 lbf/lbm = 9,8066 m/s^2 = 980,66 cm/s^2
0.047
0.029 gc = 32,174 lbm.ft/lbf.s^2 =0,999
0.057
0.060
0.025
0.062
0.067 L = 112 cm
0.028 D = 0.68326 cm
0.048 ΔZ = 105 cm
0.008
0.064
0.023

f
0.148
0.123
0.103 g/gc = 1 lbf/lbm = 9,8066 m/s^2 = 980,66 cm/s^2
0.088
0.088 gc = 32,174 lbm.ft/lbf.s^2 =0,999
0.050
0.055
0.045
0.023
0.052 L = 178 cm
0.029 D = 0.68326 cm
0.046 ΔZ = 105 cm
0.022
0.048
0.028

f Le Le/D
10.962 75.903 48.046
9.059 852.417 539.573 g/gc = 1 lbf/lbm = 9,8066 m/s^2 = 980,66 cm/s^2
12.687 29.147 18.450
2.162 554.154 350.775 gc = 32,174 lbm.ft/lbf.s^2 =0,999
1.269 157.393 99.628
0.691 1030.367 652.214
0.952 54.650 34.593
0.135 177.329 112.248
0.125 176.805 111.916 L = 164 cm
0.178 4010.605 2538.679 D = 1,5798 cm
0.067 618.316 391.389
0.060 203.567 128.856
0.155 133.522 84.519
0.045 207.500 131.346
0.073 332.513 210.478
∑ Le/D 363.514

f Le Le/D
10.962 37.952 24.035
9.059 25.831 16.359 g/gc = 1 lbf/lbm = 9,8066 m/s^2 = 980,66 cm/s^2
12.687 14.573 9.230
2.162 69.269 43.869 gc = 32,174 lbm.ft/lbf.s^2 =0,999
1.269 209.857 132.905
0.691 89.597 56.743
0.952 109.301 69.221
0.135 886.647 561.524
0.125 884.025 559.864 L = 164 cm
0.178 279.810 177.207 D = 1,579 cm
0.067 1442.738 913.704
0.060 203.567 128.921
0.155 1134.940 718.772
0.045 207.500 131.413
0.073 997.538 631.753
∑ Le/D 278.368

f Le Le/D
10.962 37.952 24.035
9.059 25.831 16.359 g/gc = 1 lbf/lbm = 9,8066 m/s^2 = 980,66 cm/s^2
12.687 14.573 9.230
2.162 69.269 43.869 gc = 32,174 lbm.ft/lbf.s^2 =0,999
1.269 52.464 33.226
0.691 44.799 28.371
0.952 27.325 17.305
0.135 177.329 112.305
0.125 176.805 111.973 L = 164 cm
0.178 93.270 59.069 D = 1,5798 cm
0.067 206.105 130.529
0.060 203.567 128.921
0.155 66.761 42.281
0.045 207.500 131.413
0.073 110.838 70.195
∑ Le/D 63.939

f Le Le/D
10.962 37.952 24.035
9.059 25.831 16.359 g/gc = 1 lbf/lbm = 9,8066 m/s^2 = 980,66 cm/s^2
12.687 29.147 18.459
2.162 69.269 43.869 gc = 32,174 lbm.ft/lbf.s^2 =0,999
1.269 104.929 66.453
0.691 537.583 340.458
0.952 491.853 311.496
0.135 2837.270 1796.878
0.125 1944.856 1231.701 L = 164 cm
0.178 2238.477 1417.655 D = 1,5798 cm
0.067 5152.637 3263.228
0.060 6310.573 3996.563
0.155 2069.597 1310.701
0.045 6432.513 4073.789
0.073 4655.179 2948.181
∑ Le/D 1390.655

f Le Le/D
0.093 944.755 1383.243
0.077 88.174 129.099 g/gc = 1 lbf/lbm = 9,8066 m/s^2 = 980,66 cm/s^2
0.064 39.542 57.895
0.055 202.256 296.129 gc = 32,174 lbm.ft/lbf.s^2 =0,999
0.048 103.001 150.806
0.050 45.967 67.302
0.057 41.023 60.063
0.039 73.525 107.650
0.037 62.593 91.645 D = 0,68326 cm
0.057 43.515 63.711
0.029 78.273 114.602
0.046 64.440 94.348
0.013 179.964 263.491
0.054 41.723 61.088
0.024 100.267 146.803
∑ Le/D 205.858
4.1 Hubungan antara Re terhadap Faktor Friksi

PIPA BESAR
Re f 14
450.156 10.637
495.172 8.791 12
540.187 12.312
10
585.203 2.098

faktor friksi (f)

1080.375 1.231 8
2070.719 0.67
6
2160.75 0.923
2340.812 0.131 4
2430.844 0.122
2881 0.173 2
3331.156 0.065 0
3511.218 0.058 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
3781.312 0.151 Re
4051.406 0.044
4501.562 0.071

PIPA KECIL PIPA KECIL

Pipa Lurus Kecil Pipa Lurus Kecil Pipa Lurus Kecil
Rata2 f Re f
Horizontal Bawah Vertikal Horizontal Atas
0.051 0.079 0.148 0.093 1040.934 0.093
0.042 0.065 0.123 0.077 1145.028 0.077
0.035 0.055 0.103 0.064 1249.121 0.064
0.03 0.047 0.088 0.055 1353.215 0.055
0.027 0.029 0.088 0.048 2498.242 0.048
0.043 0.057 0.05 0.05 4788.298 0.05
0.055 0.06 0.055 0.057 4996.485 0.057
0.047 0.025 0.045 0.039 5412.859 0.039
0.026 0.062 0.023 0.037 5621.045 0.037
0.053 0.067 0.052 0.057 6661.98 0.057
0.03 0.028 0.029 0.029 7702.914 0.029
0.043 0.048 0.046 0.046 8119.288 0.046
0.009 0.008 0.022 0.013 8743.848 0.013
0.05 0.064 0.048 0.054 9368.409 0.054
0.022 0.023 0.028 0.024 10409.343 0.024
 Pipa besar

1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Re

0.1
0.09
0.08
0.07
Faktor Friksi (f)

0.06
0.05
0.04 Pipa kecil
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
Re
 Pipa kecil

2000
4.2 Perbandingan Panjang Ekuivalen Fitting Teoritis dan Praktis

Fitting Le/D Teoritis Le/D Praktis %Error

Valve (1) 340 792.421 57.094
Pembesaran (2) 24.5 380.382 93.559
Bengkokan (3) 30 93.477 67.907
Sambungan (5) 20 1551.064 98.711
Pengecilan (6) 10 215.400 95.357
4.3 Hubungan Laju Alir Fluida Terhadap Bilangan Reynold

PIPA BESAR
v Re 5000
2.552 450.156 4500
2.807 495.172 4000
3.062 540.187 3500
3.317 585.203
3000
6.124 1080.375
2500
11.738 2070.719

Re
2000
12.249 2160.75
13.27 2340.812 1500
13.78 2430.844 1000
16.332 2881 500
18.884 3331.156 0
0 5 10 15 20 25
19.904 3511.218
21.435 3781.312 v (cm/s)
22.966 4051.406
25.518 4501.562

12000
PIPA KECIL
v Re 10000
13.644 1040.934
15.008 1145.028 8000
16.372 1249.121
17.737 1353.215 6000
Re

32.745 2498.242
4000
62.76 4788.298
65.489 4996.485
2000
70.947 5412.859
73.675 5621.045 0
87.319 6661.98 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
100.962 7702.914 v (cm/s)
106.42 8119.288
114.606 8743.848
122.792 9368.409
136.436 10409.343
 Pipa besar

15 20 25 30
v (cm/s)

Pipa kecil

80 100 120 140 160

v (cm/s)
4.4 Hubungan Laju Alir terhadap ∆P

PIPA BESAR PIPA KECIL PIPA BESAR

∆P
v
Valve (1) Pembesaran (2) Bengkokan (3)
3.062 13.644 2471.74 1235.87 1235.87
4.083 15.008 40783.707 1235.87 1235.87
4.593 16.372 2471.74 1235.87 1235.87
5.104 17.737 9886.959 1235.87 1235.87
7.655 32.745 3707.61 4943.48 1235.87
11.228 62.76 28425.008 2471.74 1235.87
12.249 65.489 2471.74 4943.48 1235.87
12.759 70.947 1235.87 6179.35 1235.87
13.27 73.675 1235.87 6179.35 1235.87
15.311 87.319 53142.406 3707.61 1235.87
16.842 100.962 3707.61 8651.089 1235.87
17.863 106.42 1235.87 1235.87 1235.87
19.394 114.606 2471.74 21009.788 1235.87
20.415 122.792 1235.87 1235.87 1235.87
21.946 136.436 3707.61 11122.829 1235.87

Pipa Besar
60000

50000

40000
ΔP (gr/cms²)

30000

20000

10000

0
0 5 10 15 20 25

V (cm/s)

Val ve (1) pembes a ra n (2) bengkoka n (3)

pi pa l urus bes a r hori zontal (4) s ambungan (5)
 PIPA BESAR PIPA KECIL
∆P ∆P
Pipa Lurus Besar Horizontal (4) Sambungan (5) Pengecilan (6) Pipa Lurus Kecil Horizontal Bawah (7)
1235.8699 1235.87 17190.179 1236.239609
1235.8699 1235.87 2359.74 1236.239609
1235.8699 2471.74 1123.87 1236.239609
1235.8699 1235.87 6067.35 1236.239609
1235.8699 2471.74 6067.35 3708.718828
2471.739801 14830.439 6067.35 22252.31297
1235.8699 22245.658 7303.219 30905.99023
1235.8699 19773.918 9774.959 30905.99023
2471.739801 13594.569 8539.089 18543.59414
1235.8699 29660.878 12246.699 53158.3032
2471.739801 30896.748 13482.569 39559.66749
1235.8699 38311.967 19661.918 63048.22007
1235.8699 38311.967 18426.049 14834.87531
1235.8699 38311.967 19661.918 98899.16874
1235.8699 51906.536 24605.398 53158.3032

ar Pipa Kecil
ΔP (gr/cms²)

120000

100000

80000

60000

40000

20000

0
15 20 25 0 20 40 60 80
/s) V (cm/s)

embes a ra n (2) bengkoka n (3) pengeci la n (6) pi pa l

ambungan (5) pi pa l urus keci l vertikal (8) pi pa l
 PIPA KECIL
∆P
Pipa Lurus Kecil Vertikal (8) Pipa Lurus Kecil Horizontal Atas (9)
1131.239609 3603.718828
1131.239609 3603.718828
1131.239609 3603.718828
1131.239609 3603.718828
2367.479218 12257.39609
17202.35453 25856.03179
19674.83375 30800.99023
9784.916874 29564.75062
25856.03179 15966.11492
39454.66749 51817.06359
22147.31297 38218.42789
41927.14671 67888.17851
8548.677264 38218.42789
74069.37655 93849.2103
33273.46945 67888.17851

Pipa Kecil

60 80 100 120 140 160

V (cm/s)

) pi pa l urus keci l hori zontal bawa h (7)

ci l vertikal (8) pi pa l urus keci l hori zontal atas (9)