y3¥ one (3:1—4:31) is more argumentative and doctrinal; the third (5:1—6:10) is : ._, Primarily hortatory, that is, it is characterized by exhortations.’ ry When we receive a ietter from a friend, we do not usually try to come up wich an outline. Why should we do it wich Paul's letters? Pert of the answer bat is that these letters are a little longer (in the case of Romans and 1-2 “Corinthians, much longer) than the typical! personal letter; keeping in mind where the shifts in topic occur helps orient the reader. But there is a more fundamental issue here. Even a friend's casual Jetcer has 2 certain structure, “whether the writer was conscious of it or not. In some cases, to be sure, the “argument may be a little incoherent and one could not come up with an Fi intelligible outline. It is always true, however, that our abiliry co understand a pferrer (or any other document) is tied to how accurately we perceive its structure. This process of identification is iargely unconscious, but if we * receive 2 longer and more complicated letter, we may starz asking ourselves structural kinds of questions (‘Is the lawyer talking about something else in rhis paragraph, or ara | missing the connection?”). The more explicit we are about these issues, the more seasisive we become to the information that the context provides. In addition, this kind of study provides the means of comparing the various letters with one another su that we can identify what is distinctive to each of them. For example. as we study the salutations in Pauw!’s letters, we find chat most of them are very brief. Only two of rhem, those in Romans and Galatians, are expanded to include substantive material. In the case of » this detail may weli be additional evideace of the urgency with which Pcul wrote this letter. No sooner has he mentioned his titie of apostle than he feels the need to deny one of the accusations that prompted the writing of the letter, so he assures us: “an apostle—sent not from men nor by man, but by Jesus Christ and God the Father.” The second part of the introduction (1:6—10) is even mere interesting. At this point in kis other letters Paul consistently expresses his thanks (or utters a blessing) tc God for the people to whom he 1s writing. Here, however, instead of beginning with “I thank my God,” he exclaims, “I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting the one who called you by the grace of Christ!” Someone familiar with Paul's letters would find this remark completeiy unexpected, and it is the unexpected that mak 2s (ie ‘atest impression on us. More important, for Paul to diverge in this way from his 5. This traditional outline ot the body of Galatians can be found, with some minor Variations, in many commentaries and popular works. As we sha!l ser, however, recent scholars have disputed some important devils and even the general approach