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Roman and Greek Gods & Goddesses
According to Ancient Greek mythology and legends, detailed in the Greek Creation
Myth and adopted by the Roman Empire, the gods and goddesses consisted of three
major groups and generations:

 The Primeval or Ancient Gods

 The Titans

 The Olympian Gods

The Olympian gods achieved supremacy over the older, first, primeval gods and the
giant Titan gods when they were victorious in the Battle of the Titans. The names and
roles of the principle Roman and Greek Gods and Goddesses that feature in ancient
mythology have been detailed in the following chart covering the Greek and Roman
counterparts of the Ancient first, or primeval gods, the Titans and the Olympian gods.

Roman and Greek Gods & Goddesses - Chart of the Olympians

In Ancient Greek mythology the counterparts of the Olympian Roman and Greek gods
are detailed in the chart:

Roman and Greek Gods

Chart of the Olympians - Roman & Greek Gods & Goddesses
List of Greek Roman Counterparts Description / Roles of the Olympians
Olympians of Olympians
Zeus Jupiter or Jove King of the Olympian gods
Hera Juno Queen of the Olympian gods
Demeter Ceres Goddess of agriculture
Athena Minerva Goddess of wisdom
Artemis Diana Goddess of hunting
Apollo Apollo, the Roman god God of the sun and music
Ares Mars God of war
Hephaestus Vulcan God of fire and metal-working
Hermes Mercury Messenger of the Olympian gods
Aphrodite Venus Goddess of love and beauty
Hestia Vesta Goddess of the home and hearth
Hades Pluto God of the Underworld
Poseidon Neptune God of the Sea
Dionysus Bacchus God of wine, celebrations and fertility
List of Greek Roman Counterparts
Description / Role of the Olympians
Olympians of Olympians
Roman and Greek Gods
Chart of the Olympians - Roman & Greek Gods & Goddesses

Roman and Greek Gods & Goddesses - Chart of the Lesser Gods
In Ancient Greek mythology the counterparts of the Lesser Roman and Greek gods
are detailed in the chart:

Roman and Greek Gods

Chart of the Lesser Roman & Greek Gods & Goddesses

List of Greek Roman Counterparts Description / Roles of the

Lesser Gods of Lesser Gods Lesser Gods
Hebe Juventas Goddess of youth
Persephone Proserpina Goddess of spring and flowers,
queen of the Underworld
Charon Charon The Ferryman
Eros Cupid God of love
Atlas Atlas God of astronomy
Prometheus Prometheus God of forethought
Epimetheus Epimetheus God of afterthought
Let Latona Goddess of motherhood
Iris Arcus Goddess of the rainbow
Eos Aurora Goddess of the dawn
Asclepius Aesculapius God of Medicine and Healing
Notus Auster God of the South wind
Enyo Bellona Goddess of war and peacekeeping
Eris Discordia Goddess of discord
Pan Faunus God of the Wild and fertility
Zephyrus Favonius God of the west wind
Heracles Hercules God of strength
Nemesis Invidia Goddess of consequences and
revenge
No Greek Janus God of doors, gates and new
counterpart beginnings
Thanatos Letus God of Death
Palaemon Portunus God of sailors
Amphitrite Salacia Goddess of war
Morpheus Somnia God of Dreams
Hypnos Somnus God of Sleep
Elpis Spes God of Hope
No Greek Terminus God of Boundaries
counterpart
Phobos Timor God of fear and panic
Hecate Hekate (often confused Goddess of magic and witchcraft
with Trivia)
Nike Victoria Goddess of victory
Eurus Vulturnus God of the east wind
Geras Senectus God of old age
Psyche No Roman counterpart Goddess of compassion
Eros, god of love Cupid God of Love
Selene Luna Goddess of the moon
Eos Aurora Goddess of dawn
Ariadne No Roman counterpart Goddess of passion and mazes
Aeolus Vulturnus God of winds
Asclepius Aesculapius God of medicine
Bia No Roman counterpart Goddess of force
Cratos Potestas God of strength and power
 Deimos Formido God of terror
Harmonia Concordia Goddess of harmony, agreement &
understanding
Khione Chione Goddess of snow
Eileithyia Natio Goddess of childbirth
Momos No Roman counterpart God of mockery and blame
Moros No Roman counterpart God of Doom
Tyche Fortuna or Abudantia Goddess of luck, destiny and
fortune
Zelus Invidia God of dedication, rivalry and envy
Triton No Roman counterpart God of ships and Prince of Atlantis
Paean No Roman counterpart Doctor of the gods
Pallas No Roman counterpart Titan God of warfare
Melinoe Orcus Goddess of ghosts
Enyo or Eris Bellona War goddess
Eutychia Felicitas Goddess of success
Mithras Mithras God of soldiers, light, truth, and
honor
Eirene (one of the Abundantia Goddess of plenty and prosperity
Horae)
List of Greek Roman Counterparts Description / Roles of the
Lesser Gods of Lesser Gods Lesser Gods

Roman and Greek Gods

Chart of the Lesser Roman & Greek Gods & Goddesses

Roman and Greek Gods

 Names of Roman & Greek Gods counterparts

 Interesting information and Facts about Roman & Greek Gods counterparts
  Roman & Greek Gods counterparts

 Greek Mythology £ Roman & Greek Gods counterparts

 Facts and information about Roman & Greek Gods counterparts for schools
and kids

Roman and Greek Gods & Goddesses - Chart of Ancient, Primeval Gods
In Ancient Greek mythology the counterparts of the ancient, primeval, Roman and
Greek gods are detailed in the chart:

Roman and Greek Gods

Chart of the Ancient Greek Deities - Roman & Greek Gods & Goddesses

Greek Roman Counterparts Description / Roles of

Ancient Gods of Ancient Greek Gods Ancient Gods
Chaos The first of all the gods, who
Chaos
ruled over confusion
Nyx Nox Goddess of night
Erebus Scotus God of darkness
Aether Aither Goddess of the daytime
Hemera Dies Goddess of the daytime
Tartarus Tartarus God of the abyss beneath the
Underworld
Eros Amor God of procreation
Pontus Pontus God of the sea
Gaia Terra Mater, Tellus or Maia The Earth Mother
Ouranos Uranus God of the heavens
Eros Amor or Cupid God of procreation
Pontus Pontus God of the sea
Gaia Terra Mater or Tellus The Earth Mother
Ouranos (Uranus) Caelus God of the heavens
Greek Roman Counterparts Description / Roles of
 Ancient Gods of Ancient Greek Gods Ancient Gods

Roman and Greek Gods

Chart of the Ancient Greek Deities - Roman & Greek Gods & Goddesses

Roman and Greek Gods & Goddesses - Chart of the Titans

In Ancient Greek mythology the counterparts of the Titan Roman and Greek gods are
detailed in the chart:

Roman and Greek Gods

Chart of the Titans - Roman & Greek Gods & Goddesses

Greek Roman Counterparts Description / Roles of the

Titans of Titans Titans
Cronus Saturn God of time

Rhea Ops Goddess of fertility and the

mother of gods
Coeus or Koios Coeus God of Intelligence

Phoebe Dione Goddess of the Moon

Oceanus Oceanus God of the ocean

Tethys Thalassa Goddess of the rivers

Iapetus or Iapetus Iapetus God of Mortal Life

Hyperion Hyperion Lord of light

Mnemosyne Moneta Goddess of memory, inventor

of words
Theia Thea Mother of the Sun and
Goddess of all that glitters
Crius or Krios Crius God of the constellations
 Themis Themis Goddess of justice and order

Clymene Fama Goddess of fame and glory

Greek Roman Counterparts Description / Roles of the

Titans of Titans Titans

Roman and Greek Gods

Chart of the Titans - Roman & Greek Gods & Goddesses

Greeks in the Trojan War

 Achilles - the leader of the Myrmidons, son of Peleus and Thetis, and the principal
Greek champion whose anger is one of the main elements of the story.

 Agamemnon - King of Mycenae, supreme commander of the Achaean armies whose

actions provoke the feud with Achilles; elder brother of King Menelaus.

 Ajax or Aias - also known as Telamonian Ajax (he was the son of Telamon) and Greater
Ajax, was the tallest and strongest warrior (after Achilles) to fight for the Achaeans.

 Ajax the Lesser - an Achaean commander, son of Oileus often fights alongside Great
Ajax; the two together are sometimes called the "Ajaxes".

 Calchas - a powerful Greek prophet and omen reader, who guided the Greeks through
the war with his predictions.

 Cornilius - Depressed Greek known for his nihilistic rants aand prays for death as also
seen in the "bible"

 Diomedes (also called "Tydides")(Διομήδης) - the youngest of the Achaean

commanders, famous for wounding two gods, Aphrodite and Ares.

 Helen - the wife of Menelaus, the King of Sparta. Paris visits Menelaus in Sparta. With
the assistance of Aphrodite, Paris and Helen fall in love and elope back to Troy, but in
Sparta her elopement is considered an abduction.

 Idomeneus - King of Crete and Achaean commander. Leads a charge against the
Trojans in Book 13.

 Menelaus - King of Sparta and the abandoned husband of Helen. He is the younger
brother of Agamemnon.
 Nestor - of Gerênia and the son of Neleus. He was said to be the only one of his
brothers to survive an assault from Heracles. Oldest member of the entire Greek army at
Troy.

 Odysseus - another warrior-king, famed for his cunning, who is the main character of
another (roughly equally ancient) epic, the Odyssey.

 Patroclus - beloved companion to Achilles.

 Phoenix - an old Achaean warrior greatly trusted by Achilles, acts as mediator between
Achilles and Agamemnon.

 Teucer - Achaean archer, half-brother of Ajax.

Troy
 Aeneas - cousin of Hector, his principal lieutenant, son of Aphrodite, the only major
Trojan figure to survive the war. Held by later tradition to be the forefather of the founders of
Rome. See the Aeneid.

 Agenor - a Trojan warrior who attempts to fight Achilles in Book 21.

 Antenor - a Trojan nobleman who argues that Helen should be returned to Menelaus in
order to end the war.

 Glaucus - co-leader of the Lycian forces allied to the Trojan cause with Sarpedon.

 Hector - firstborn son of King Priam, husband of Andromache, father of Astyanax, leader
of the Trojan and allied armies and heir apparent to the throne of Troy.

 Paris - Trojan prince and Hector's brother, also called Alexander; his abduction
of Helen is the casus belli. He was supposed to be killed as a baby because his sister
Cassandra foresaw that he would cause the destruction of Troy. Raised by a shepherd.

 Polydamas - a young Trojan commander.

 Priam - king of the Trojans, son and successor of Laomedon, husband of

Queen Hecuba, father of Hector and Paris, too old to take part in the fighting; many of his
fifty sons are counted among the Trojan commanders.

 Sarpedon - co-leader of the Lycian forces allied to the Trojan cause with Glaucus. Son
of Zeus.

Family and Servants of Odysseus

 Laertes - father of Odysseus.
 Penelope - wife of Odysseus, mother of Telemachus, she is clever and loyal to
Odysseus, she is contrasted with Clytemnestra.

 Telemachus - son of Odysseus and Penelope, matures during his travels to Sparta and
Pylos, fights Penelope's suitors with Odysseus.

Suitors of Penelope
 Amphinomus

 Antinous

 Eurymachus

Mistresses
 Briseis - mistress and love interest of Achilles, a woman captured in the sack of
Lyrnessos, a small town in the territory of Troy, and awarded to Achilles as a prize;
Agamemnon takes her from Achilles in Book 1 and Achilles withdraws from battle as a
result.

 Chryseis - Chryses’ daughter, taken as a war prize by Agamemnon.

 Helen - daughter of Zeus, former Queen of Sparta and wife of Menelaus, now espoused
to Paris.

Deities
 Aphrodite - goddess of love, beauty, and sexual pleasure. Wife of Hephaestus, and
lover of Ares.

 Apollo - god of the sun, light, knowledge, healing, plague and darkness, the arts, music,
poetry, prophecy, archery. Son of Zeus and Leto, twin of Artemis.

 Ares - god of war. Lover of Aphrodite. Driven from the field of battle by Diomedes (aided
by Athena).

 Athena - goddess of crafts, domestic arts, strategic warfare, and wisdom. Daughter of
Zeus.

 Hera - goddess of birth, family, marriage, and women. Sister and wife of Zeus, queen of
the gods.

 Hermes - messenger of the gods, leads Priam into Achilles' camp in book 24.
 Iris - messenger of Zeus and Hera.

 Poseidon - brother of Zeus, Greek god of the sea and earthquake, curses Odysseus.

 Zeus - king of the Gods, brother of Poseidon and Hera and father of Athena, Aphrodite,
Ares, and Apollo.

Ten years have passed since the fall of Troy, and the Greek hero Odysseus still has not
returned to his kingdom in Ithaca. A large and rowdy mob of suitors who have overrun
Odysseus’s palace and pillaged his land continue to court his wife, Penelope. She has remained
faithful to Odysseus. Prince Telemachus, Odysseus’s son, wants desperately to throw them out
but does not have the confidence or experience to fight them. One of the suitors, Antinous,
plans to assassinate the young prince, eliminating the only opposition to their dominion over the
palace.

Unknown to the suitors, Odysseus is still alive. The beautiful nymph Calypso, possessed by love
for him, has imprisoned him on her island, Ogygia. He longs to return to his wife and son, but he
has no ship or crew to help him escape. While the gods and goddesses of Mount Olympus
debate Odysseus’s future, Athena, Odysseus’s strongest supporter among the gods, resolves to
help Telemachus. Disguised as a friend of the prince’s grandfather, Laertes, she convinces the
prince to call a meeting of the assembly at which he reproaches the suitors. Athena also
prepares him for a great journey to Pylos and Sparta, where the kings Nestor and Menelaus,
Odysseus’s companions during the war, inform him that Odysseus is alive and trapped on
Calypso’s island. Telemachus makes plans to return home, while, back in Ithaca, Antinous and
the other suitors prepare an ambush to kill him when he reaches port.

On Mount Olympus, Zeus sends Hermes to rescue Odysseus from Calypso. Hermes persuades
Calypso to let Odysseus build a ship and leave. The homesick hero sets sail, but when
Poseidon, god of the sea, finds him sailing home, he sends a storm to wreck Odysseus’s ship.
Poseidon has harbored a bitter grudge against Odysseus since the hero blinded his son, the
Cyclops Polyphemus, earlier in his travels. Athena intervenes to save Odysseus from
Poseidon’s wrath, and the beleaguered king lands at Scheria, home of the Phaeacians.
Nausicaa, the Phaeacian princess, shows him to the royal palace, and Odysseus receives a
warm welcome from the king and queen. When he identifies himself as Odysseus, his hosts,
who have heard of his exploits at Troy, are stunned. They promise to give him safe passage to
Ithaca, but first they beg to hear the story of his adventures.

Odysseus spends the night describing the fantastic chain of events leading up to his arrival on
Calypso’s island. He recounts his trip to the Land of the Lotus Eaters, his battle with
Polyphemus the Cyclops, his love affair with the witch-goddess Circe, his temptation by the
deadly Sirens, his journey into Hades to consult the prophet Tiresias, and his fight with the sea
monster Scylla. When he finishes his story, the Phaeacians return Odysseus to Ithaca, where
he seeks out the hut of his faithful swineherd, Eumaeus. Though Athena has disguised
Odysseus as a beggar, Eumaeus warmly receives and nourishes him in the hut. He soon
encounters Telemachus, who has returned from Pylos and Sparta despite the suitors’ ambush,
and reveals to him his true identity. Odysseus and Telemachus devise a plan to massacre the
suitors and regain control of Ithaca.

When Odysseus arrives at the palace the next day, still disguised as a beggar, he endures
abuse and insults from the suitors. The only person who recognizes him is his old nurse,
Eurycleia, but she swears not to disclose his secret. Penelope takes an interest in this strange
beggar, suspecting that he might be her long-lost husband. Quite crafty herself, Penelope
organizes an archery contest the following day and promises to marry any man who can string
Odysseus’s great bow and fire an arrow through a row of twelve axes—a feat that only
Odysseus has ever been able to accomplish. At the contest, each suitor tries to string the bow
and fails. Odysseus steps up to the bow and, with little effort, fires an arrow through all twelve
axes. He then turns the bow on the suitors. He and Telemachus, assisted by a few faithful
servants, kill every last suitor.

Odysseus reveals himself to the entire palace and reunites with his loving Penelope. He travels
to the outskirts of Ithaca to see his aging father, Laertes. They come under attack from the
vengeful family members of the dead suitors, but Laertes, reinvigorated by his son’s return,
successfully kills Antinous’s father and puts a stop to the attack. Zeus dispatches Athena to
restore peace. With his power secure and his family reunited, Odysseus’s long ordeal comes to
an end.