Analysis of the coreless transformer in

wireless battery vehicle charger

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6844054

Abstract:
This paper mainly concentrates on development of fundamental theory associated
to wireless power transfer application, specifically the wireless battery charger of
electric vehicles. The primary core of the coreless transformer is integrated in the
charger unit and the secondary core in the electric vehicle. In order to reach
efficient power transfer through a large air gap between the windings of the
wireless power transfer transformer, the principle of coupling magnetic resonance
is used. Analysis of wireless charger battery coreless transformer of electric vehicle
is performed through several simple and accurate expressions linked to the electric
modeling. A capacitive compensation in primary and secondary winding is added to
enhance the power transfer capability offering four topology cases (Parallel-
Parallel, Series-Series, Series-Parallel, and Parallel-Series). Simulation results are
performed for each case to compare their performances. The study shows the
dominance of the Series-Parallel topology in energy efficiency point of view and
thus the transmitted power yield over the same distance.

A 3kW Single-Ended Wireless EV Charger with

a Newly Developed SiC-VMOSFET
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8566866

Abstract:
In this paper, a high- power single-ended wireless EV charger with a development
of new SiC-VMOSFET is described. In the first place, the circuit configuration of a
wireless EV charging system operating on a single device is described. In the
second place, loss evaluations of SiC-IEMOSFET (Implantation & Epitaxial
MOSFET) and Si-IGBT in a wireless EV charger under international standard
frequency operation are compared with each other. The operating frequency of the
previous system was 25kHz to avoid audible noise, but the global standard decided
the 85kHz band of standard operating frequency for wireless EV chargers.
Indicated is that SiC-MOSFET is suitable for single-ended 85kHz band wireless EV
chargers. In the third place, discussed is a high-power single-ended wireless EV
charger with a newly developed SiC-VMOSFET (V-groove trench MOSFET).
Transfer power of 3kW is required for a practical normal type EV charging although
the previous developed charger has 1kW transfer power with a 1200V SiC-
MOSFET. A high voltage devise of 1700V withstand voltage is necessary for a 3kW
single-ended wireless EV charger. In general, since on-resistance of MOSFETs is
proportional to the square of withstand voltage, very high conduction loss of high
voltageMOSFET make the implementation difficult. Indicated is that a newly
developed SiC-VMOSFET is the solution of this problem. Described are
experimental results of power devise losses in a developed 3kW single-ended
wireless power transfer converter. In the final place, in order to secure the reliability
of power switching device, avalanche resistances are comparative evaluated
between SiC-VMOSFETs and previous SiC-MOSFETs.
Dual-purpose non-overlapped coil sets as
foreign object and vehicle location detections
for wireless stationary EV chargers
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7132803

Abstract:
For commercialization of wireless stationary EV chargers, the foreign object
detection (FOD) on a power supply coil and the location detection (LOD) of electric
vehicles (EVs) are needed. In this paper, a dual-purpose non-overlapped coil sets
as both FOD and LOD are newly proposed. Not only the existence of conductive
object debris on a power supply coil but also the location of them are determined by
an induced voltage difference of the coil sets. By measuring the induced voltage of
the coil sets, displacements between a power supply coil and a pick-up coil can be
also found to inform drivers of their EV alignments. Moreover, the proposed FOD
and LOD methods make no contribution to any power losses. The proposed non-
overlapped coil sets have been demonstrated by simulations and experiments for a
prototype coil set. Throughout experiments, the induced voltage difference of a coil
set shows 2.19 mV (ideally zero) without foreign objects while the induced voltage
difference significantly increases by 78.2 mV, which is about 35 times of the value
without objects, when eight conductive coins are located on a power supply coil.
Also, it is found that the LOD can be achieved by measuring the variation of the
induced voltages in coil sets when a pick-up coil moves on a power supply coil.

A 25 kW industrial prototype wireless electric

vehicle charger
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7468105

Abstract:
A 25 kW wireless charger design for electric vehicles is presented in this paper.
The wireless charger consist of three phase power factor corrector (PFC), three
phase resonant inverter, primary and secondary coils with series resonant
compensation, and a rectifier. In the proposed design, PFC provides a constant
voltage DC Bus and the whole output regulation is done by the resonant inverter. It
simplifies the rectifier structure to the simple full-bridge topology. The design is
verified with experiments at the output power from 0 W to 25 kW. The measured
system efficiency was up to 91%.

Charging While Moving: Deploying Wireless

Chargers for Powering Wearable Devices
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8470952

Abstract:
With the promising technology of far-field wireless power transfer, wearable devices
are able to harvest radio frequency (RF) energy from RF-based chargers and thus
operate continuously. Rational planning of the quantity and positions of the
chargers provide an effective way to improve the recharging efficiency and save the
charger deployment budget. Existing work on RF-based charger placement mainly
considers the situation where the devices are static, or adopt very simple mobility
model. In this paper, we consider wireless charging service provision for wearable
devices worn by users in a two-dimensional area, with users having a specific stay-
move behavior pattern characterized by the trajectories, stay points, and stay time
distribution. Based on this mobility pattern, we formulate the problem as how to find
a charger placement to minimize the charging service budget, subject to the power
non-outage probability requirement of the wearable devices. We further transform
this problem to several equivalent problems for easier tractability and prove that it is
NP-complete. Both greedy heuristic and particle swarm optimization (PSO) based
solutions are proposed to solve the problem with certain approximation ratio.
Finally, performances of the proposed solutions are compared with exhaustive
search and existing point provisioning algorithm through extensive simulations.
Simulation results show that both greedy heuristic and PSO-based solutions
outperform the baseline algorithms, while PSO-based solution requires least
number of chargers and thus is the most cost-effective.
Design considerations of 10kw wireless
charger for EV
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8277781

Abstract:
This paper presents the design method of a 10kW wireless charger for electric
vehicle (EV). The measured efficiency (DC-DC) is 94%. The designed wireless
charger includes high frequency inverter, primary compensation network and coil,
secondary compensation network and coil, and high frequency rectifier. Design
procedures for each stage are elaborated. Simulation and experimental results
validate the design methods.
Battery Chargers in Electric Vehicles
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8751837

Abstract:
Battery chargers are the energy transmission part of electric vehicles between the
grid (or electric energy source) and the vehicle. This energy transmission process
has a great effect on the technology of electric vehicles. Charging a vehicle as fast
as possible is necessary for an electric vehicle to compete with the internal
combustion engine vehicles. The technology has been dealing with this process
near past, while charging a car was taking a few hours, this time is reducing day
after day. In this paper it is aimed to give some information about the current
technologies of chargers (only the chargers with cable not wireless chargers) and it
is also aimed to design a trial Simulink model for chargers. When the literature is
considered, simulation samples of chargers are little so increasing these samples is
important to improve the technology of fast charging.
EMC and EMF safety issues in wireless
charging system for an electric vehicle (EV)
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7993214

Abstract:
A numerical investigation is carried out to assess the EMC and EMF safety
compliance of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system used to recharge the battery
of an electric vehicle (EV). The assessment is numerically performed considering a
WPT system working at the frequency of 85 kHz with output power of 7.7 kW. The
prediction of the electromagnetic field is carried out by using a finite element
method (FEM) code to model the WPT coils and the chassis of the car. The
calculated magnetic field is compared with the International Commission on Non-
Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) reference level, demonstrating the
compliance of the WPT system. Finally, an investigation of the conduced emission
(CE) on the battery side is proposed by using SPICE simulations.

Wireless Electricity with Home Automation

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8474852

Abstract:
This paper focuses an evolutionary method-based system for wireless charging an
electrical device. Wireless charging is a technology which is inspired by the basic
principles of Sir Nikola Tesla's wireless power transfer. Intending the power to
transmit through an air gap to electrical devices, as the data is seamlessly
transmitted through the air. Resulting to abate the difficulties like wire damage,
stealing of wires and others faced by wired charging. This article proposed Tesla's
principle by using Electromagnetic Induction. The components used to build this
system are divided into two parts, a transmission coil module, and a receiving coil
mechanism. Moreover, the system is used to generate more magnetic induction in
order to transfer energy. This systematic examination indicates that it is feasible to
transfer energy wirelessly to recharge batteries, electronic devices, and it also can
be controlled and triggered with the help of Internet of Things for nothing but a
home automation concept.
Nikola Tesla and the problem of human energy
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7307304

Abstract:
Nikola Tesla, Serbian - American inventor, is one of of the most prominent electrical
engineers and inventors at the end of XIX and beginning of XX century. He is most
known as inventor of induction motor but in 1880s and 1890s he had a number of
succesfull patents in the fields of transmission of electrical energy and wireless
telegraphy. The global significance of his innovations induced Tesla early to reflect
on the global problems of humankind.
A study on wireless power transfer using tesla
coil technique
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7873564

Abstract:
Wireless power transfer is the transmission of electrical energy from a power
source to an electrical load without any conductive physical connection. Wireless
electricity ensure that the cell phones, laptops, iPods, and other power electrical
devices get changed on their own, with no need of plugging them that can prevent
the sockets with all sorts of wires. Wireless power transfer is when the magnetic
field is transferred over short distance. The magnetic field is created using inductive
coupling between coils of wire or electric fields using capacitive coupling between
electrodes. The most common form of wireless power transmission is carried out
using direct induction followed by resonant magnetic induction. The carrying fluxes
that induce in the inductor can be captured by another inductive coil that can
produce an induced flux between the receiver coils that coupled to the primary coil.
Since this technique using magnetic field to transfer the electrical energy, the flux
that produces in the primary coil must be in high density with high frequency. Thus,
the tesla coil is used as a transmitter to produces high voltage, high frequency and
low alternating current in order to produce high density flux. In this work, a tesla coil
is a main part of transmitter component in wireless electricity apparatus and need
to develop with a view to demonstrate how magnetic induction is coupled to
perform a wireless power transfer. In addition, the construction of winding coils of
the tesla coil would be the great effects in order to provide electricity to supply a
load without wires in distances. The advantages of the wireless electricity system
would be completely eliminating existing wires for electrical appliances between
power sources. With wireless electricity, the electrical system will be more secure
as it will prevent user from electrocution of current and the power failure due to
short circuit and fault or power loss on cable would never exist.
Optimal Design of TEFC Induction Machine
and Experimental Prototype Testing for City
Battery Electric Vehicle
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8847456

Abstract:
This paper presents the optimal design and experimental prototype testing of a low-
cost motor applied for a city battery electric vehicle (BEV), zero emission A-
segment. Respecting the car performance specifications, the aluminum cage rotor
induction machine (IM) is designed to reduce motor cost using totally enclosed fan-
cooled (TEFC) technology and a commercial speed encoder of internal combustion
engine (ICE). An optimization approach and finite elements analysis (FEA)
validation are coupled with thermal calculations and used to size the thermo-
electromagnetic parts of the machine. The prototype is manufactured with full
instrumentation. During the experiments, an indirect flux-oriented control model is
built based on simulations in Matlab/Simulink environment. Using this real time
control platform, the motor control is calibrated on the prototype in test-bench, to
ensure the optimum energy consumption and the current and speed regulations in
the entire large operating range. Finally, the experimental prototype testing results
are shared to show the ideal design solution in term of peak performances,
efficiency, thermal and NVH behaviors.