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1
Temperature also affects the speed of the hydrolysis reaction process, a
good temperature for cellulose hydrolysis is around 21oC.
Concentration
Concentration affects the rate of hydrolysis reaction, for acid hydrolysis
used concentrated HCl concentrations or concentrated H2SO4 (Groggins,
1985).
The hydrolysis of ethyl acetate is a reversible reaction that is not only the
reactants that react to form the product but the product also reacts with each
other to form reactants again and takes place in a balance that is the rate of
product formation equal to the rate of product decomposition. In equilibrium is
known as the equilibrium shift where the rate of product formation or the rate
of decomposition of the product can be regulated. In the hydrolysis of ethyl
acetate, excess water is used because excess water will shift the equilibrium
toward carboxylic acid. Water will attack the carbonyl group. RO bond will
not break in the hydrolysis reaction because the hydrolysis reaction is a reverse
reaction from esterification or ester-making reaction where in the esterification
used excessive amounts of alcohol .
b) Ethyl Acetate
2
esterification. The fischer esterification process is a reaction between
carboxylic acid and alcohol. The carboxylic acid used is acetic acid
(CH3COOH) and the alcohol used is methanol (CH3OH). The volume of
NaOH used is different. When hydrolyzing using acetic acid the volume of
NaOH needed is only a little because in the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate the
result is acetic acid and ethanol, thus affecting the reaction speed of the
hydrolysis, the volume of NaOH used is only small. While hydrolysis using
HCl requires a large volume of NaOH because it is needed to neutralize the
HCl first. Here HCl and astetic acid act as catalysts. (Wilkinson, 1975). To
obtain a high yield ratio, strong bases with stoichiometric proportions are
usually used, for example sodium hydroxide (Laidler, 1965). This reaction
produces ethanol and sodium acetate, which cannot react anymore with
ethanol. The reaction equation is:
3
- Cyclic Dimers : The crystalline structure of acetic acid shows that the acetic
acid molecules pair up to form dimers connected by hydrogen bonds. Dimers
can also be detected in steam at 120 °C. Dimers also occur in dilute solutions
in non-hydrogen-bound solvents, and sometimes in pure acetic acid liquids.
The polymer is damaged in the presence of hydrogen-bound solvents (for
example water). The enthalpy of the dimer dissociation is estimated to be
65.0-66.0 kJ / mol, the dissociation entropy of about 154–157 J mol–1 K–1.
This dimerization property is also shared by other simple carboxylic acids.
- As a Solvent: Liquid acetic acid is a hydrophilic (polar) protic solvent, similar
to water and ethanol. Acetic acid has a moderate dielectric constant, 6.2, so
acetic acid can dissolve both polar compounds such as inorganic salts and
sugars as well as non-polar compounds such as oil and elements such as sulfur
and iodine. Acetic acid splashes easily with other polar or nonpolar solvents
such as water, chloroform and hexane. The solubility and ease of mixing of
acetic acid make it widely used in the chemical industry.
- Chemical Reactions : Acetic acid is corrosive to many metals such as iron,
magnesium and zinc, forming hydrogen gas and acetate salts (called metal
acetate). Metal acetate can also be obtained by the reaction of acetic acid with
a suitable base. A famous example is the reaction of baking soda (Sodium
bicarbonate) to react with vinegar. Remove all acetate salts that dissolve well
in water. One exception is chromium (II) acetate. Examples of acetate salt
formation reactions:
Mg(s) + 2 CH3COOH(aq) → (CH3COO)2Mg(aq) + H2(g)
NaHCO3(s) + CH3COOH(aq) → CH3COONa(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
Two typical organic reactions of acetic acid Acetic acid undergoes
carboxylic acid reactions, for example producing acetic salt when it reacts
with alkalis, producing ethanoate metal when reacting with metals, and
producing ethanoate metal, water and carbon dioxide when reacting with
carbonic or bicarbonate salts. The best-known organic reaction of acetic acid
is the formation of ethanol through reduction, the formation of carboxylic
acid derivatives such as acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride through
nucleophilic substitution. Acetic anhydride is formed by condensation of two
4
molecules of acetic acid. Esters of acetic acid can be obtained through the
Fischer esterification reaction, and also the formation of amides. At 440 °C,
acetic acid breaks down into methane and carbon dioxide, or ketene and
water.
- Detection : Acetic acid can be recognized by its distinctive smell. In addition,
salts of acetic acid react with iron (III) chloride solution, which produces a
deep red color that disappears when the solution is acidified. Acetate salts
when heated with arsenic trioxide (AsO3) form kakodil oxide ((CH3)2As-O-
As(CH3)2), which is easily recognized by its unpleasant odor.
c) Reaction rate
The rate of reaction is defined as the change in the number of molecules of
reacting species per unit volume per unit time. It is also defined to be
proportional to the concentration of reacting species raised to a certain power
called the order of reaction. It is usually taken as the rate at which the reactant
disappear or the rate at which the product is formed. The rate at which the
reactant ‘a’ is disappearing is proportional to its concentration at any instance
(Dara, 2009).
rate (r) α (a - x)
rate (r) = k (a - x)
Which is, k = rate constant (Fogler, 2008)
The reaction rate per unit volume is a function of concentration: reactants,
sometimes products and even reagents that do not appear in the equation for
the whole reaction (Wilkinson,1980)
aA + bB + .....= pP + qQ + .......
simple form:
−1 𝑑[𝐴] 1 𝑑[𝑃]
𝑟= = = = 𝑘 [𝐴]𝛼 [𝐵]𝛽 [𝐶]𝛾
𝛼 𝑑𝑡 𝑃 𝑑𝑡
𝑛= 𝛼+ 𝛽+ 𝛾
To calculate the reaction rate if concentration data are obtained, then the
integral method can be used both graphically and non-graphically. With the
non-graphical method, the rate constants (k) of several orders can be
determined by trial and error. The adjacent k values indicate the corresponding
order. As for the graph method, the corresponding order is known with a linear
5
regression value close to 1. In theory, the hydrolysis rate of ethyl acetate has
the order of 2. That is, each addition of the reactant concentration is 2 times the
original, then the rate will increase to 22 times the original rate, and so so on
for the addition of reactants by n times. The law of reaction rates for order 2 is:
dx
= k(a − x)(b − x)
dt
a = initial concentration (mol / L)
b = initial concentration OH- (mol / L)
x = concentration of ester or base (M)
k = reaction rate constant
(Wilkinson, 1980)
The law of reaction rate (The Rate Law) shows the correlation between
reaction rate (V) of the concentration of the reaction rate (k) and the reactant
concentration raised by a certain number (reaction order). The law of reaction
rates can be stated as follows: aA + Bb Cc + Dd
v = k [A]x [B]y
x and y are rank numbers (reaction order) which can only be determined
through experimentation. Both x and y values are not the same as the reaction
coefficients a and b. The digits x and y show the effect of the reactants A and B
concentrations on the reaction rate. The total order (overall order) or reaction
rate is the total number of reactant reaction orders. In this case, the total order
is x + y.
The reaction rate according to first order, where n = 1 is influenced by the
concentration of the reactants where the reaction rate is directly proportional to
the concentration of the reactants. This means that increasing the concentration
will also increase the rate of reaction (Labuza, 1982). In zero-order reactions,
where n = 0 the rate of the reaction does not depend on the concentration of the
reagent and is constant at a constant temperature. Thus, the rate of zero-order
reactions depends only on the reaction rate constant (k). The reaction order is
the base of concentration in the rate law. To be able to determine whether or
not a second order reaction can be investigated as in a first level reaction,
namely:
1. By entering prices a, b, t and x in the equation:
6
1 ba x
k2 ln
t(a b) a b x
If the second order reaction then the graph t to log a x is a straight line
b x
tangent or slope:
2,303
slope
k 2 a b
2,303
k2
slope a b
7
For orde 2:
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑘(𝑎 − 𝑥)2(𝑎−𝑥)2 = 𝑘 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥
−∫ = 𝑘 ∫ 𝑑𝑡
(𝑎 − 𝑥)2
1
=𝑘𝑡+𝐶
(𝑎 − 𝑥)
When t = 0 dan x = 0
1
= 𝑘0+𝐶
(𝑎 − 0)
1
=𝐶
𝑎
So :
1 1
=𝑘𝑡+
(𝑎 − 𝑥) 𝑎
𝑥
kt =
𝑎(𝑎−𝑥)
8
G. LANES WORK
1) Hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in weak acid
Reaction:
CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l) CH3COOH (aq)
50 ml ethyl acetate
Reaction:
H+
CH3COOC2H5 (aq) + H2O (l) C2H5OH (aq) + CH3COOH (aq
9
5 ml ethyl acetate solution
Mixed solution
Volume NaOH
Reaction:
CH3COOH (aq) + NaOH (aq) CH3COONa (aq) + H2O (l)
50 ml HCl 0,5 M + 45 ml
aquadest
HCl solution
Reaction:
HCl (aq) + H2O (l) HCl (aq)
10
50 ml ethyl acetate
Reaction:
H+
CH3COOC2H5 (aq) + H2O (l) C2H5OH (aq) + CH3COOH (aq)
Mixed solution
Volume NaOH
Reaction:
HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)
11
G. OBSERVATION RESULT
Observation Result
No. Lanes Work Prediction/Reaction Conclusion
Before After
1. Hydolysis of Ethyl Acetate in Weak Acetic acid: Ethyl acetate CH3COOH (aq) + The hydrolysis of
Acid colorless with for 15 H2O (l) ethyl acetate in
50 ml acetate acid 0,5 M solution minutes: CH3COOH (aq) weak acid is second
+ 45 ml aquadest Aquadest: colorless CH3COOC2H 5 (aq)
order reaction using
+
H
colorless solution + H2O (l) graph method with
- Entered into erlenmeyer A
solution Acetate acid+ C2H5OH (aq) + R2 = 0,08653
- Let in room temperature
for 15 minutes Cool aquadest: aquadest: CH3COOH (aq)
colorless colorless CH3COOH (aq) +
Acetate acid solution
solution solution NaOH (aq)
Ethyl acetate: Ethyl acetate + CH3COONa (aq) +
50 ml ethyl acetate
colorless acetate acid: H2O (l)
- Entered into erlenmeyer B solution colorless The order of
- Let in room temperature PP indicator: solution hydrolysis reaction
for 15 minutes
colorless Ethyl acetate + is 2 (Mukhtar et al.,
Ethyl acetate solution solution with acetate acid + 2017)..
12
white blurry cool aquadest:
13
13,1 ml
20 minutes:
13,2 ml
30 minutes:
13,3 ml
50 minutes:
13,4 ml
60 minutes:
13,5 ml
2. Hydolysis of Ethyl Acetate in Strong Acetic acid: Ethyl acetate HCl (aq) + H2O (l) The hydrolysis of
Acid colorless with for 15 HCl (aq) ethyl acetate in
14
colorless solution hydrolysis reaction
solution Ethyl acetate + is 2 (Mukhtar et al.,
15
5 minutes: 12,5
Volume NaOH
16
H. ANALYSIS AND EXPLANATION
This experiment purpose is to determine the reaction order of hydrolysis of
ethyl acetate in weak and strong acid. The principle of this experiment, Ethyl
acetate can be hydrolyzed in acidic or basic conditions to regain acetic acid and
ethanol. In this experiment, acid is used catalyst to accelerate the hydrolysis
process of ethyl acetate.
1. Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate in Weak Acid
The first step was preparing acetic acid solution. 50 mL of 0,5M acetic acid
was measured using graduated cylinder, then put in Erlenmeyer A. Acetic acid is
colorless solution. Then 45 mL of aquades was measured using graduated
cylinder. Aquades is colorless solution. Next, it was entered into Erlenmeyer A
that has been filled by acetic acid before. After that it was left in temperature
room for 15 minutes. The result was colorless acetic acid solution. The reaction is:
• CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l) CH3COOH (aq)
Acetic acid is weak acid. In this experiment acetic acid used as catalyst to
accelerate the hydrolysis reaction of ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate if reacted with
water, hydrolysis process will occur. The salt will be broken down by water to
produce a solution that is acidic or alkaline.
Next step was preparing ethyl acetate solution. 50 mL ethyl acetate was
measured using graduated cylinder, then put in Erlenmeyer B. Ethyl acetate is
colorless solution. After that it left in temperature room for 15 minutes. The result
was colorless ethyl acetate solution. The reaction is:
• CH3COOC2H5 (aq) + H2O (l) C2H5OH (aq) + CH3COOH (aq)
After preparing the solution, the next step was taking 5 mL ethyl acetate
solution that has been prepared before into Erlenmeyer A, then it was stirred. The
result was colorless mixed solution. Then it was left in room temperature for 5
minutes, then it was taken 10 mL and entered into Erlenmeyer C that has been
filed by 50 mL cool aquades. The result was colorless solution. Aquades prepared
in cool condition to make the reaction slower. Next, it was added PP indicator
which is colorless. Then it was titrated with NaOH. NaOH is colorless solution.
The titration is done until the solution turns into softpink that indicates the end
point of the titration. After that, it was repeated with leaving time 10, 20, 30, 50,
17
and 60 minutes. What can be obtained from these steps is volume NaOH. From
rhe experiment, volume of NaOH needed for titration in each leaving time were:
5 minutes: 12,8 ml
10 minutes: 13,1 ml
20 minutes: 13,2 ml
30 minutes: 13,3 ml
50 minutes: 13,4 ml
60 minutes: 13,5 ml
The reaction of this experiment is CH3COOH (aq) + NaOH (aq) CH3COONa
(aq) + H2O
The product produced from the reaction between ethyl acetate and water
with HCl is titrated with NaOH, The mole equivalent. of NaOH is equal to the
mole of H+ from HCl (catalyst) plus mole of H+ from the product. According to
the data and calculation, graphic and non-graphic method is used to determine the
order of the reaction.
Graphic method
Reaction order 1
t (s) ln (a-x)
300 -0.06
600 -0.13
1200 -0.15
1800 -0.17
3000 -0.19
3600 -0.2
18
orde 1
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
-0.05
-0.1
ln(a-x)
ln (a-x)
-0.15 Linear (ln (a-x))
-0.2
y = -3E-05x - 0.0904
R² = 0.7786
-0.25
t (s)
Reaction order 2
t (s) 1/(a-x)
300 1.06
600 1.14
1200 1.16
1800 1.19
3000 1.22
3600 1.25
orde 2
1.3
y = 5E-05x + 1.0875
1.25 R² = 0.8653
1.2
1/(a-x)
1/(a-x)
1.15
Linear (1/(a-x))
1.1
1.05
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
time (s)
19
The hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in weak acid is second order reaction using graph
method with R2 = 0,08653
Non-graphic method
For non-graphic method, we can see the value of the constant (k) reaction whose
range is close to constant. For reaction order 1, the formula is
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
t (s) ln (a-x)
300 -0.06
600 -0.13
1200 -0.15
1800 -0.17
3000 -0.19
3600 -0.2
1 1
for reaction order 2, the formula is (𝑎−𝑥) = k.t + 𝑎
t (s) 1/(a-x)
300 1.06
600 1.14
1200 1.16
1800 1.19
3000 1.22
3600 1.25
20
been filled by HCl before. After that it was left in temperature room for 15
minutes. The result was colorless HCl solution. The reaction is:
• HCl (aq) + H2O (l) HCl (aq)
HCl is weak acid. In this experiment HCl is used as catalyst to accelerate the
hydrolysis reaction of ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate if reacted with water, hydrolysis
process will occur. The salt will be broken down by water to produce a solution
that is acidic or alkaline. The product produced from the reaction between ethyl
acetate and water with HCl will be titrated with NaOH, The mole equivalent. of
NaOH is equal to the mole of H+ from HCl (catalyst) plus mole of H+ from the
product. According to the theory, a second experiment should require more NaOH
volume during titration because more moles of H+ are used in the HCl as a
catalyst than CH3COOH.
Next step was preparing ethyl acetate solution. 50 mL ethyl acetate was measured
using graduated cylinder, then put in Erlenmeyer B. Ethyl acetate is colorless
solution. After that it left in temperature room for 15 minutes. The result was
colorless ethyl acetate solution. The reaction is:
• CH3COOC2H5 (aq) + H2O (l) C2H5OH (aq) + CH3COOH (aq)
After preparing the solution, the next step was taking 5 mL ethyl acetate solution
that has been prepared before into Erlenmeyer A, then it was stirred. The result
was colorless mixed solution. Then it was left in room temperature for 5 minutes,
then it was taken 10 mL and entered into Erlenmeyer C that has been filed by 50
mL cool aquades. The result was colorless solution. Next, it was added PP
indicator which is colorless. Then it was titrated with NaOH. NaOH is colorless
solution. The titration is done until the solution turns into softpink that indicates
the end point of the titration. After that, it was repeated with leaving time 10, 20,
30, 50, and 60 minutes. The reaction is:
• HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)
What can be obtained from these steps is volume NaOH. From rhe experiment,
volume of NaOH needed for titration in each leaving time were:
5 minutes: 12,5 ml
10 minutes: 12,7 ml
20 minutes: 12,6 ml
21
30 minutes: 12,8 ml
50 minutes: 12,9 ml
60 minutes: 13,0 ml
According to the data and calculation, graphic and non-graphic method is used to
determine the order of the reaction.
Graphic method
Reaction order 1
t (s) ln (a-x)
300 0
600 -0.04
1200 -0.02
1800 -0.06
3000 -0.08
3600 -0,11
orde 1
0
300 600 1200 1800 3000 3600
-0.01
-0.02
-0.03
ln (a-x)
Reaction order 2
t (s) 1/(a-x)
300 1
600 1.04
1200 1.02
22
1800 1.06
3000 1.09
3600 1.1
orde 2
1.12
1.1 y = 0.0197x + 0.9827
R² = 0.8852
1.08
1.06
1/(a-x)
1.04
1.02 1/(a-x)
1 Linear (1/(a-x))
0.98
0.96
0.94
300 600 1200 1800 3000 3600
time (s)
The hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in strong acid is second order reaction using graph
method with R2 = 0,08852
Non-graphic method
For non-graphic method, we can see the value of the constant (k) reaction whose
range is close to constant. For reaction order 1, the formula is
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
t (s) ln (a-x)
300 0
600 -0.04
1200 -0.02
1800 -0.06
3000 -0.08
3600 -0,11
1 1
for reaction order 2, the formula is (𝑎−𝑥) = k.t + 𝑎
23
t (s) 1/(a-x)
300 1
600 1.04
1200 1.02
1800 1.06
3000 1.09
3600 1.1
J. CONCLUTION
24
K. REFERENCES
25
L. ATTACHMENT
1. Question Answer
(1) When viewed from the results of the experiment, what distinguishes
between the 3A trial and the 3B trial? Give an explanation and relate to your
library study!
Answer:
26
washing process has the possibility that the washed appliance is not
100% clean. The presence of contamination in equipment used such as unclean
erlenmeyers are washed in titration with weak acid conditions reused in
titration with strong acid conditions. This affects the NaOH volume during
titration and affects the k value (if using non-graphical methods) and regression
values (if using the graph method).
27
2. Calculation
28
1. Calculation hydrolysis of ethyl aacetate in weak acid
Know :
MNaOH : 0,2 M VNaOH when = 1) t5 = 12.8 mL
MCH3COOH : 0,5 M 2) t10 = 13.1 mL
VCH3COOH : 5 mL 3) t20 = 13.2 mL
4) t30 = 13.3 mL
5) t50 = 13.4 mL
6) t60 = 13.5 mL
a) t = 5 minutes
Mmol eq NaOH = mmol eq CH3COOH (catalyst) + CH3COOH (product)
( V x N) NaOH = (V x N) catalyst + x
0,2 M x 12.8 mL= (0,5 M x 5 mL) + x
2,56 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.06
(a-x) = 1- 0.06
(a-x) = 0.94
b) t = 10 minutes
Mmol eq NaOH = mmol eq CH3COOH (catalyst) + CH3COOH (product)
( V x N) NaOH = (V x N) catalyst + x
0,2 M x 13,1 mL = (0,5 M x 5 mL) + x
2,62 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.12
(a-x) = 1- 0.12
(a-x) = 0.88
c) t = 20 minutes
Mmol eq NaOH = mmol eq CH3COOH (catalyst) + CH3COOH (product)
( V x N) NaOH = (V x N) catalyst + x
0,2 M x 13.2 mL = (0,5 M x 5 mL) + x
2,64 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.14
(a-x) = 1- 0.14
(a-x) = 0.86
29
d) t = 30 minutes
Mmol eq NaOH = mmol eq CH3COOH (catalyst) + CH3COOH (product)
( V x N) NaOH = (V x N) catalyst + x
0,2 M x 13.3 mL = (0,5 M x 5 mL) + x
2,66 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.16
(a-x) = 1- 0.16
(a-x) = 0.84
e) t = 50 minutes
Mmol eq NaOH = mmol eq CH3COOH (catalyst) + CH3COOH (product)
( V x N) NaOH = (V x N) catalyst + x
0,2 M x 13.4 mL = (0,5 M x 5 mL) + x
2,68 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.18
(a-x) = 1- 0.18
(a-x) = 0.82
f) t = 60 minutes
Mmol eq NaOH = mmol eq CH3COOH (catalyst) + CH3COOH (product)
( V x N) NaOH = (V x N) catalyst + x
0,2 M x 13.5 mL = (0,5 M x 5 mL) + x
2,7 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.2
(a-x) = 1- 0.2
(a-x) = 0.8
1st order reaction
a) t = 5 minutes
ln (a-x)1 = ln a – k.t
ln 0.94 = ln 1 – k.300
-0,06 = - k.300
k = 2 x 10-4
b) t = 10 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
30
ln 0.88 = ln 1 – k.600
-0.13 = - k.600
k = 2.2 x 10-4
c) t = 20 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
ln 0.86 = ln 1 – k.1200
-0.15 = - k.1200
k = 1.3 x 10-4
d) t = 30 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
ln 0.84 = ln 1 – k.1800
-0.17 = - k.1800
k = 9.7 x 10-5
e) t = 50 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
ln 0.82 = ln 1 – k.3000
-0.19 = - k. 3000
k = -6.6 x 10-5
f) t = 60 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
ln 0.8 = ln 1 – k.3600
-0.2 = - k.3600
k = 6.2 x 10-5
1.06 = 300.k + 1
0.66 = 300.k
31
𝑘 = 2 x 10-4
b) t = 10 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 600 + 1
0,88
1.14 = 600.k + 1
1.14 = 600.k
𝑘 = 2.3 x 10-4
c) t = 20 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 1200 + 1
0,86
1.16 = 1200.k + 1
0.16 = 1200.k
𝑘 = 1.3 x 10-4
d) t = 30 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 1800 + 1
0,84
1.19 = 1800.k + 1
0.19 = 1800.k
𝑘 = 1.1 x 10-4
e) t = 50 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 3000 + 1
0,82
1.22 = 3000.k + 1
0.22 = 3000.k
𝑘 = 7.3 x 10-5
f) t = 60 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 3600 + 1
0,8
32
1.25 = 3600.k + 1
0.25 = 3600.k
𝑘 = 6.9 x 10-5
33
2.52 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.02
(a-x) = 1- 0.02
(a-x) = 0.98
d) t = 30 minutes
Mmol eq NaOH = mmol eq CH3COOH (catalyst) + CH3COOH (product)
( V x N) NaOH = (V x N) catalyst + x
0,2 M x 12.8 mL = (0,5 M x 5 mL) + x
2,56 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.06
(a-x) = 1- 0.06
(a-x) = 0.94
e) t = 50 minutes
Mmol eq NaOH = mmol eq CH3COOH (catalyst) + CH3COOH (product)
( V x N) NaOH = (V x N) catalyst + x
0,2 M x 12.9 mL = (0,5 M x 5 mL) + x
2,58 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.08
(a-x) = 1- 0.08
(a-x) = 0.92
f) t = 60 minutes
Mmol eq NaOH = mmol eq CH3COOH (catalyst) + CH3COOH (product)
( V x N) NaOH = (V x N) catalyst + x
0,2 M x 13 mL = (0,5 M x 5 mL) + x
2,6 mmol = 2,5 mmol + x
x = 0.1
(a-x) = 1- 0.1
(a-x) = 0.9
34
ln 1 = ln 1 – k.300
k =0
b) t = 10 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
ln 0.96 = ln 1 – k.600
-0.04 = - k.600
k = 6.8 x 10-5
c) t = 20 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
ln 0.98 = ln 1 – k.1200
-0.02 = - k.1200
k = 1.7 x 10-5
d) t = 30 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
ln 0.94 = ln 1 – k.1800
-0.06 = - k.1800
k = 3.4 x 10-5
e) t = 50 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
ln 0.92 = ln 1 – k.3000
-0.08 = - k. 3000
k = 2.8 x 10-5
f) t = 60 minutes
ln (a-x) = ln a – k.t
ln 0.9 = ln 1 – k.3600
-0.11 = - k.3600
k = 2.9 x 10-5
35
𝑘 =0
b) t = 10 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 600 + 1
0,96
1.04 = 600.k + 1
0.04 = 600.k
𝑘 = 6.7 x 10-4
c) t = 20 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 1200 + 1
0,98
1.02 = 1200.k + 1
0.02 = 1200.k
𝑘 = 1.7 x 10-4
d) t = 30 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 1800 + 1
0,94
1.06 = 1800.k + 1
0.06 = 1800.k
𝑘 = 3.3 x 10-4
e) t = 50 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 3000 + 1
0,92
1.09 = 3000.k + 1
0.09 = 3000.k
𝑘 = 3 x 10-5
f) t = 60 minutes
1 1
(𝑎−𝑥)
= k.t + 𝑎
1
= k. 3600 + 1
0,9
36
1.1 = 3600.k + 1
0.1 = 3600.k
𝑘 = 2.8 x 10-5
3. Documentation
Lanes Result/
No. Pictures
Work Explanation
Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate in Weak Acid
1. Ethyl Ethyl acetate is
acetate colorless solution
preparation
for 15
minutes
37
5. Mixture Mixture solution is
solution + colorless solution.
cool Cool aqaudest is
aquadest + colorless solution.
pp Pp indicator is
indicator colorless solution
with white blurry
38
9. Titration The solution
with become soft pink
NaOH in solution
range 30 V NaOH : 13,3 ml
minutes
39
1. Ethyl Ethyl acetate is
acetate colorless solution
preparation
for 15
minutes
40
6. Titration The solution
with become soft pink
NaOH in solution
range 5 V NaOH : 12,5 ml
minutes
41
10. Titration The solution
with become soft pink
NaOH in solution
range 50 V NaOH: 12,9 ml
minutes
42