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Laboratorio Coulomb
Laboratorio Coulomb
I. INTRODUCCION
Fig. 1. Coulomb’s torsion balance
C harles Coulomb (1736–1806) measured the magnitudes of
the electric forces between charged objects using the torsion II. DETALLES EXPERIMENTALES
balance (figure 1), which he invented. Coulomb confirmed that
the electric force between two small charged spheres is Para realizar la práctica experimental se realizó el montaje que
proportional to the inverse square of their separation distance se muestra en la figura 2.
r—that is, Fe α 1/r 2. The electric force between charged spheres
A and B causes the spheres to either attract or repel each other,
and the resulting motion causes the suspended fiber to twist.
From Coulomb’s experiments, we can generalize the following
properties of the electric force between two stationary charged
particles. The electric force is inversely proportional to the
square of the separation r between the particles and directed
along the line joining them; is proportional to the product of the
charges q 1 and q 2 on the two particles; is attractive if the
charges are of opposite sign and repulsive if the charges have
the same sign; is a conservative force.[1]
|𝑞1||𝑞2|
𝐹𝑒 = 𝑘𝑒 Fig. 2. Montaje Experimental.
𝑟2
1
2
TABLA I
FIGURA 4
Fuerza eléctrica en función de distancia
2500
2000
1500
y = 0,4041x-1,999
F(N)
1000
Con los datos obtenidos en la tabla I se logró la figura 3. 500
FIGURA 3 0
FUERZA ELÉCTRICA EN FUNCIÓN DE UNA CARGA ELÉCTRICA
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1
700 r(m)
600
500
400
F(N)
IV. CONCLUSIONES
𝐾𝑒𝑄2
1. 𝐹=
𝑟2 La figura 3 nos muestra un comportamiento potencial.
2. 𝑌 = 𝐾𝑥 𝑛
La figura 2 demuestra que la fuerza es inversamente
𝑌 = 7𝑥1012 𝑥 1,9999 proporcional al cuadrado de la distancia, se pudo
𝑟 = 35𝑚 verificar experimentalmente.
𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝 A través de estos experimentos pudimos calcular
𝐾= 2
𝑟 experimentalmente la constante eléctrica (Ke), el
𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝 = (𝐾)(0.035)2
𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝 = 8575000000 resultado de ambas constantes fue 8575000000 y
𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = 4.72% 9564497041 respectivamente.
REFERENCES
[1] Serway, R. and Jewett, J. “Physics for scientists and engineers” 6th ed.
20004, pp. 711.