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Ley de Coulomb (Agosto 2019)

S. Albornoz, Second B. J.Ayala and Third C. J.Gil, Member Universidad el Bosque

Abstract—Two experiments were carried out in the laboratory;

the first experiment determined the electric force with a variable
electric charge and a constant distance. The second experiment
determined the force with the constant electric charge and a
variable distance with the main objective of determining the
experimental electric constant of the Coulomb formula. The
experimental results showed a good success since the percentage
of error was minimal, it was concluded that the graph of
experiment 1 has a potential behavior.

Key words— coulomb, charge, force, electromagnetism, mass.

I. INTRODUCCION
Fig. 1. Coulomb’s torsion balance
C harles Coulomb (1736–1806) measured the magnitudes of
the electric forces between charged objects using the torsion II. DETALLES EXPERIMENTALES
balance (figure 1), which he invented. Coulomb confirmed that
the electric force between two small charged spheres is Para realizar la práctica experimental se realizó el montaje que
proportional to the inverse square of their separation distance se muestra en la figura 2.
r—that is, Fe α 1/r 2. The electric force between charged spheres
A and B causes the spheres to either attract or repel each other,
and the resulting motion causes the suspended fiber to twist.
From Coulomb’s experiments, we can generalize the following
properties of the electric force between two stationary charged
particles. The electric force is inversely proportional to the
square of the separation r between the particles and directed
along the line joining them; is proportional to the product of the
charges q 1 and q 2 on the two particles; is attractive if the
charges are of opposite sign and repulsive if the charges have
the same sign; is a conservative force.[1]

|𝑞1||𝑞2|
𝐹𝑒 = 𝑘𝑒 Fig. 2. Montaje Experimental.
𝑟2

III. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN

Para el primer experimento se obtuvo la tabla 1, dejando fija la
distancia y cambiando la fuerza obtenemos la figura 3.

1
 2

TABLA I
FIGURA 4
Fuerza eléctrica en función de distancia

2500

2000

1500
y = 0,4041x-1,999

F(N)
1000
Con los datos obtenidos en la tabla I se logró la figura 3. 500
FIGURA 3 0
FUERZA ELÉCTRICA EN FUNCIÓN DE UNA CARGA ELÉCTRICA
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1
700 r(m)
600
500
400
F(N)

300 3.𝐹𝑒 = 𝐾𝑒𝑄2 𝑟 −2

4. 𝑌 = 𝐾𝑥 𝑛
200
100
y = 7E+12x1,9999 𝑌 = 0,4041𝑥 −1,999
𝑄 = 6,5 µ𝐜
0 𝐾 = (𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝)𝑄2
0 0.000005 0.00001 0.000015 𝐾
𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝 = 2
𝑄
Q(c) 𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝 = 9564497041
𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = 6.27%

IV. CONCLUSIONES
𝐾𝑒𝑄2
1. 𝐹=
𝑟2 La figura 3 nos muestra un comportamiento potencial.
2. 𝑌 = 𝐾𝑥 𝑛
La figura 2 demuestra que la fuerza es inversamente
𝑌 = 7𝑥1012 𝑥 1,9999 proporcional al cuadrado de la distancia, se pudo
𝑟 = 35𝑚 verificar experimentalmente.
𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝 A través de estos experimentos pudimos calcular
𝐾= 2
𝑟 experimentalmente la constante eléctrica (Ke), el
𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝 = (𝐾)(0.035)2
𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝 = 8575000000 resultado de ambas constantes fue 8575000000 y
𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = 4.72% 9564497041 respectivamente.

Para el experimento 2 se dejó la carga constante y se cambió la RECONOCIMIENTOS

distancia entre las dos cargas obtenemos la tabla II. Los autores agradecen a la universidad el bosque por el
TABLA II préstamo del material bibliográfico.

REFERENCES
[1] Serway, R. and Jewett, J. “Physics for scientists and engineers” 6th ed.
20004, pp. 711.

Con los datos obtenidos en la tabla II se obtuvo la figura 4.