2.23 A reservoir is located in a region where the average annual precipitation is 33.0 in.

and
the average annual pan evaporation is 58 in. If the average area of the reservoir water
surface is 4300 acres and if, under natural conditions, 20% of the rainfall on the land
flooded by the reservoir ran off the stream, what is the net increase or decrease of
streamflow as a result of the reservoir? How small must the pan evaporation be at the
site such that the presence of the reservoir results in no net increase or decrease of
streamflow? Use precipitation and evaporation values appropriate to your locality.

2.25 What evaporation rate would be indicated by Eq. (2.4) when the reservoir water surface
is 60° F, the air temperature at 8 m is 70° F, the relative humidity is 85%, the wind
velocity at 8 m is 9 mph? If the relative humidity at 8 m were only 20%, what would be
the evaporation rate, all other factors being the same?

2.27 What daily evaporation is indicated by Eq. (2.5) on a day when the total insolation is 620
cal/cm2 and 18% of the insolation is reflected? Compute back radiation from the Stefan-
Boltzmann equation 𝐻𝑏 = 0.82 × 10−4 𝑇 4 /𝜋 where T is in degrees Kelvin and Hb is in
calories per square centimeter per minute. Assume water temperature constant at 15° C
for the day. Compute Bowen’s ratio from the data of the second part of Problem 2.25.
Assume no change in heat storage in the reservoir and standard sea-level atmosphere.

2.29 Using the temperature data for your locality, compute the annual consumptive use for
some year by use of Eq. (2.7) or Eq. (2.8).
2.31 A stream valley contains 33,900 acres of irrigable land. It is estimated that this will be
planted as follows:

Crop Area, acres Consumptive use, acre-ft/acre

Orchards 6,000 0.8

Small grains 11,000 1.8
Truck crops 9,000 1.3
Pasture 2,500 0.9
Alfalfa 5,400 3.9

If the average annual precipitation on the valley is 21 in., of which approximately 9 in. is
available for crops, what quantity of irrigation water must be applied annually?

2.33 During the month of July, the evaporation from an evaporation pan at Lake Grimes was
10 in. The surface area of the lake decreased from 3000 to 2200 acres during the
month. Approximately how many acre-feet of water were evaporated from the lake
during this month? State assumptions.
2.37 A statistician with offices in Boston was asked to estimate the number of male citizens in
the United States over the age of 21 having the last name O’Brien. He did this by
counting the number of O’Brien’s in the Boston telephone directory and multiplying by
the ratio of the population of the United States to the population of Boston. Mention at
least five fallacies in this approach.