What isa completely randomized design?” i Grog) || Tohvent volunteers} Vado )* ) Conpere. Ot BS A results Trabment Gmpr [>Multitasking Researchers in Canada performed an experiment with university students to examine the effects of in-class laptop use on student learning. All participants in the study were asked to attend a university style lecture and take notes with their laptops. Half of the participants were assigned to complete other non-lecture related online tasks during the lecture. These tasks were meant to imitate typical student Web browsing during classes. The remaining students simply took notes with their laptops. To assign the treatments, the researchers printed 40 papers with instructions (20 with multitasking and 20 without), shuffled them, and handed them out at random to students in the classroom. At the end of the lecture, all participants took a comprehension test to measure how much they learned from it. The results: students who were assigned to multitask did significantly worse (11%) than students who were not assigned to multitask. Explain how the study used the 4 prineiples of experimental design There iv Companion with He group that mubtitasks ac Phe rp Had: orbs deltes nates They randomized BSSgrment fo teeadwots by Shaffting imstvche~ aud heot i He ok BA vanden. There wns Conbrsd wit, Same teacher Same dass , Same topic, Sama bre: Tare vo spliced because Hon ar Yo Porc pands,Television and young children Psychologists want to know how different types of television shows impact young children, ‘They recruit 60 four-year-olds and have them watch 9 minutes of a fast-paced children’s program (defined as scene changes every 10-15 seconds), watch 9 minutes of a slow-paced children’s program (defined as scene changes every 30-45 seconds), or draw for 9 minutes. After the 9 minutes, each child will complete several tasks, including tests for mental ability and impulse control Problem: Describe a completely randomized design for this experiment, Write a few sentences describing how ‘you would implement your design, TZ will sanders assign Hie 60 volonkers to 3 gms. So T wll Dumber the kids 1-60, Jhen use Rand Int No Rpt on my cablonS doe. fo choose bO#'s bel. [-Lo. The Got Dot's (Lids) ult be In Aromp } ) next 20 m afoup? | ara lash 20 LW. areup % - Grog Luan watch Qt Pred HY Gang 2 atl toate Slaw red And Coop BUI AS. Then we Wil abrir Prerdel aol Onh mpl Contet frsts and Toe Cpe ew ts4.2 Blocking Alternate Example: SAT schools Many students enroll in prep courses to improve their SAT scores. Twenty students who have taken the SAT ‘once volunteered to participate in an experiment comparing online and classroom prep courses. 1. Describe how we can use a completely randomized design to compare online and classroom SAT prep Gl [9] online 2 fandonlay | congose: Noluaters asiys We TAT scarry, Bel fer 2. Among the 20 volunteers, 10 of are in Precalculus, 6 are in Algebra 2, and 4 are in Geometry. What problem, does this cause? How can we address this problem? The abl u ditkrent Leucks marth krenbedsy eth vaprk Nova mach bids get From Course, Qk We Lomldat bres if mprienret Ls due to math taek O& Come type We cata lglock boy mate leek Lod) Han a5sgy to aos Corbin a Class oon),3. Here are the results of the experiment, using math level asa blocking variable. Make dotplots to compare the improvements of the students in the ontine course and the improvements of students in the classroom course, Based on the dotplots, does there appear to be convincing evidence that the online course is better? Gas Tmpravement P 100 P 10 P 30 P oo 7 P 0 ° . Tlisscom] 70 (ess @ oe . P| Classroom [70 +4 + : P| Classrooms | 80, P| Classroom | 0. oe = (oo [Classroom [80 A atin so ‘A_[ Online wo . . A [Online zm onime oo ‘A Chasroom | 30 eee 7. ‘A_[Classrom [30 t ‘A Clasroon | 20, 5 c 0 wm @ @ (to © 30 G|Cisssom [0 GT cissssom [20 Nes. The online Shidents uw cach block, Rretat | GrolAly peckmnd bette tte Hee Classroom bids.Blocking in experiments\is similar to stratification in sampling. _—_—__——— Altemate Example: Microwave Popcorn A popcom lover wants to know if itis better to use the “popcorn button” on her microwave oven or use the amount of time of popcom. To measure how well each method works, she will cou the number of unpopped kernels remaining after popping. She goes to the store and buys 10 bags each of 4 different varieties of microwave popcom (movie butter, light butter, natural, and kettle corn), for a total of 40 bags. Explain why a randomized block design might be preferable toa completely randomized design for this spins Difbeent Ueihes “fy pageon may pop diferenbly So we woddnt be Sure VE tre tt of Unpopped kernals Was doe to fae varie) 28 poppin Fine See en this experiment [movie ee ie Ele Ses