‘A reservoir of glycerin (gy) has a mass of 11200 kg and a volume of 0.952 m’. Find the aicerin’s weight (W), mass density (6), specific weight (y, and specific gravity (sg). A body requires 2 force of 100 N to accelerate it at a rate of 020 mist Determine the mass ofthe body in kilograms and in slugs. A reservoir of carbon tetrachoride (CC14) has a mass of 500 kg and a volume of 0.315 rm, Find the carbon tetrachiovide's weight, ‘mass density, specific weight, and specific gravity. The weightofabody is 100 Ib. Determine (a) IRs weight in newtons, (6) ts mass in Ailograms, and () the rate of acceleration [in both feet per second per second (f/s") and meters per second per second m/s} ia net force of 50 Ibs applied to the body. The specific gravity of ethyl alcohol is 0.78, Calculate its speciic weight (in both pounds er cubic foot and Kllonewtons per cubic meter) and mass density (in both slugs per ‘bic foot and kilograms per cubic meter) A quart of water weights about 2.08 Ib. ‘Compute its mass in slugs and in kilograms One cubic foot of glycerin has a mass of 2.48 slugs. Find its specific weight in both pounds Hydraulics & Geotechnical Engineering per cuble foot and kllonewtons per cubic meter. B.A quart of SAE 30 oll at 68 °F weighs about 1185 fb, Calculate the ols specific weight, ‘mass density, and specific gravity. 9, The volume ofa rock is found to be 0.00015 I. the rock's specie gravity I 2.60, what Isitswelght? 10. A certain gasoline welghs 46.5 lb/ft. What ‘are its mass density, specific volume, and specific gravity? 11, If the specific weight of a substance is 8.2 k/m, what sits mass density? 12, An object at a certain location has a mass of 2.04gand weighs 18.0 N ona spring balance. What isthe acceleration due to gravity at this location? 13, If an object has a mass of 2.0 slugs at sea level, what would its mass be ata location Where the acceleration due to gravity is 30.00 A/S"? 14, What would be the weight ofa 3-kg mass on a planet where the acceleration due to eravityf 10,00 m/s"? 15, Determine the weight ofaS-sug boulder at place where the acceleration due to gravity 34.7 ys 16. If 200 ft of oi weighs 10520 Ib, calculate its specific weight, density, and speci gravity. 17, Ind the height ofthe fre surface if 0.8 £3 of water is poured into a conical tank (Fi. 3-1) 20 in high with a base radius of 10 in. How much adeltional water is require to fll the tank? ext0in re 38, Ifthe tank of Prob, 1.17 holds 305 kg of salad Ol, whats the density ofthe oil? 39, Under standard conditions 2 certain gas Welghs 0.14 lb/fe. Calculate ite density, specific volume, and specific gravity relative {oir welghing 0.075 byt. 20. Ifthe specific volume of a gas is 360 f/siug, what is its specific weight? 21, A vertical glass cylinder contains 900.00 mL of water at 10 °C; the height of the water column is 90.00 em. The water and its container are heated to 80°C, Assuming no evaporation, what wil be the height of the water if the coefficient of thermal expansion {or forthe lassis 3.6% 10-6°C:7 repre gC 8, IP22. ifa vessel that contains 3.500 ft of water at 50°F and atmospheric pressure Is heated to 1160 °F, what will be the percentage change in its volume? What weight of water must be removed to maintain the original volume? 23, Avertical, cylindrical tank with a diameter of 12.00 m and a depth of 4.00 mis filed to the ‘top with water at 20°C. the waterisheated 050°C, how much water wil spillover? 24, A thick, closed, steel chamber is filed with water at 50 °F and atmospheric pressure. If the temperature of water and chamber is raised to 100°F, find the new pressure of the ‘water. The coefficient of thermal expansion of steel is 65x 10° perf. 25. A liquid compressed in a cylinder has 2 Volume of 1000 cm? at 1MN/m? and 2 volume of 95 cm at 2 MN/m?. 1.26 What is its bulk modulus of elasticity (K}? 26. Find the bulk modulus of elasticity of aliquid if pressure of 150 psi applied to 10ft* of the liquid causes a volume reduction of 0.02 ft’ 27. WK=2.2 Pas the bulk modulus of elasticity for water, what pressure is required to reduce a volume by 0.6 percent? 28, Find the change in volume of 1.00000 ft? of water at 80 °F when subjected to a pressure Increase of 300 psi. Water's bulk modulus of elasticity at this temperature is 325 000 psi. Hydraulics & Geotechnical Engineering 29, From the following test data, determine the bulk modulus of elasticity of water: at 500 psi ‘the volume was 1.000 ft, and at 3500 psithe volume was 0.990 ft. 30, Arigid steel containers partially filled with 2 liquid at 25 atm. The volume of the liquid is 1.23200 L. At a pressure of 30 atm, the ‘volume of the liquid is 1.23100 L. Find the average bulk modulus of elasticity of the liquid over the given range of pressure ifthe ‘temperature after compression is allowed to return to its initial value. What is the coefficient of compressibility? 31. A heavy tank contains ol (A) and water (8) subject to variable alr pressure; the dimensions shown in Fig. 1-2 correspond to 4 atm. If aie is slowly added from a pump to bring pressure p up to 1MPa gage, what will be the total downward movement of the {free surface of oll and alr? Take average values of bulk moduli of elasticity of the iquids as 2050 MPa for oll and 2075 MPa for water. Assume the container does not change volume, Neglect hydrostatic pressures. 32, 33, 35, 36. 37. Calculate the density of water vapor at 350 kPa abs and 20 °C If its gas constant (R ) is (0.462 kPa * m*/kg* K. Nitrogen gas (molecular weight 28) occupies ‘a volume of 4.0 ft at 2500 Ib/tt? abs and 750 “R. What ae its specific volume and specific weight? One kilogram of hydrogen is confined in a ‘volume of 200 L at —45 °C. What is the pressure ifR is 4.115 ki/kg-K? What is the specific weight of air at 2 temperature of 30°C and a pressure of 470 ka abs? Find the mass density of helium at 2 temperature of 39 °F and a pressure of 26.9 psi, if atmospheric pressure is 14.9 psia, “The temperature and pressure of nitrogen in a tank are 28 °C and 600 kPa abs, respectively. Determine the specific welght of the nitrogen. rapa yor Coser, Ds, EP38. A cylinder contains 12.5 ft of air at 120 °F ‘and 40 psia. The air is then compressed to 2.50 ft (a) Assuming isothermal conditions, What are the pressure at the new volume ‘and the bulk modulus of elasticity? (b) Assuming adiabatic conditions, what are the final pressure and temperature and the bulk modulus of elasticity? 39. If @ bubble is equivalent to an air-water interface with a = 0.005 Ib/ft, what is the pressure difference between the inside and ‘outside of a bubble of diameter 0,003 in? 40, The surface tensions of mercury and water at 60 °C ate 0.47 N/m and 0.0662 N/m, respectively. What capillary-height changes will occur in these two fluids when they are in contact with air in a glass tube of radius (0.30 mm? Use 6 = 130° for mercury, and 0° for water; y= 132.3 kN/m? for mercury, and 9.650 kN/m* for water. 41, A L-in-diameter soap bubble has an internal pressure 0.0045 lb/in2 greater than that of the outside atmosphere. Compute the surface tension of the soapair Interface, Note that a soap bubble has two interfaces with air, an inner and outer surface of nearly the same radius 42, Distiled water at 10°C stands In a glass tube ‘of 9.0-mm diameter at a height of 24.0 mm. ‘What isthe true static height? Hydraulics & Geotechnical Engineering 43. For the dam shown in Fig, 2-1, find the horizontal pressure acting atthe face of the dam at 20-ft depth. 44, For the vessel containing glycerin under pressure as shown in Fig. 2-2, find the pressure at the bottom of the tank. 45. Ifthe pressure in a tank is $0 psi, find the equivalent pressure head of (a) water, (6) ‘mercury, and (c) heavy fuel ol with a specific eravity of 0.92. 46. A weather report Indicates the barometric Pressure is 29.75 in of mercury. What Is the atmospheric pressure in pounds per square Inch? | 47, Find the atmospheric pressure in kilopascals Ifa mercury barometer reads 742 mm, 48. Apressure gage 7.0m above the bottom of a tank containing a liquid reads 64.94 kPa; another gage at height 4.0 m reads 87.53, kPa. Compute the specific weight and mass density ofthe fluid. 49. & pressure gage 19.0 ft above the bottom of a tank containing a liquid reads 13.19 pst; another gage at helght 14.0 ft reads 35.12, PSL Compute the specific weight, mass density, and specific gravity ofthe liquid 50. An open tank contains 5.7 m of water covered with 28 m of kerosene (y = 80 N/m), Find the pressure at the interface ‘and atthe bottom of the tank. 51. An open tank contains 9.4 ft of water beneath 1.8 ft of oil sg. = 0.85). Find the pressure at the interface and at the bottom of the tank. 52. Ifair had a constant specific weight of 0.076, Ib/f and were incompressible, what would be the height ofthe atmosphere if sea-level pressure were 14.92 psia? repre by: rr Cte Ds, MP53. If the weight density of mud is given by y = 65.0+0.2h, where y is in b/f? and depth h is in ft, determine the pressure, in pi, at depth of 17 54. I the absolute pressure in a gas s 40.0 psa ‘and the atmospheric pressure is 846 mbar abs, find the gage pressure in (2) Ibn (6) kPa; (c) ba. 55. I the atmospheric pressure is 0.900 bar abs ‘and a gage attached to a tank reads 390 mmHg vacuum, what is the absolute pressure within the tank? 56. If atmospheric pressure is 13.99 psia and a gage attached to 2 tank reads 7.4 inkg ‘vacuum, find the absolute pressure within the tank. 57. The closed tank in Fig, 2-3 is at 20°C. the pressure at point Ais 98 kPa abs, what isthe absolute pressure at pont B? What percent error results from neglecting the specific weight ofthe air? b—$ ees Hydraulics & Geotechnical Engineering 58. The tube shown in Fig. 2-7 filed with ol Determine the pressure heads at A and 8 in meters of water 59, The hydraulic jac shown in Fig, 2-17 i led with oi at 55 lb/ft, Neglecting the weight of the two pistons, what force Fon the handle is required to support the 2200-6 weight? 60, The U-tube shown in Fig, 225« is 10 mm in iameter and contains mercury. 12.0 mLof waters poured into the right-hand leg, what ace the ultimate heights in the two legs? 61, Water flows downward in a pipe at 35%, as, shown in Fig. 2-57. The pressure drop p,-p2 is party due to gravity and partly due to fection. The mercury manometer reads 2 5= in height difference. What Is the total pressure drop pi — pi? Whats the pressure drop due to frietion only between 1 and 2? Does the manometer reading correspond only to triction drop? 62. if atmospheric pressure is 29.72 inl, what will be the height of water in 2 water rape og Cyr RA_ barometer ifthe temperature ofthe water is. (2) 80°, (b) 100°, and (c) 180"? 63. The gate in Fig, 3-13 is. 4 ft wide, i hinged at Point B, and rests against a smooth wall at A. Compute (a) the force on the gate due to seawater oresure (te ones P exerted by the wa \ reaction at hinge 8. all at point A, and (e) the (64, Gate AB in Fig. 3-15 is 1.0 m long and 0.9 m wide. Calculate force F on the gate and the position X ofits center of pressure, Hydraulics & Geotechnical Engineering 65, [ion A vat holding paint (5g. = 0.80) is 8 m long 67, and 4 m deep and has a trapezoidal cross section 3 m wide atthe bottom and 5 m wide at the top (see Fig. 3-17). Compute (a) the Weight of the paint, (b) the force on the bottom of the vat, and (¢) the force on the trapezoidal end panel 40. Figure 3-20 showsa slab poured between wooden forms which are connected by four comer bolts A,B,C, and D. Neglecting end effects, compute the forces In the four bolts 67. The triangular trough in Fig. 3-32 is hinged at Aand held together by cable BC at the top. if cable spacing is 1m into the paper, What the cable tension? 68. 65-in-square floodgate, weighing 2200 Ib, is hinged 44.5 in above the center, as shown ini. 3-42, nd the faceis inclined 5 to the vertical. Find the depth to which water will rise behind the gate before it will open, Prepare Ege her. Buss, cE, AMPi 69. The gate in Fig. 3-50a (shown in raised #*F Position) weighs 350 Ib for each foot normal to the paper. Its center of gravity is 1.5 ft from the left face and 2.0 t above the lower om face. For what water level below the hinge at 70ZASZ"1 7 © does the gate just begin to swing up (otate counterclockwise)? Hydraulies & Geotechnical Engineering 70. The submerged sector gate AB shown in Fig. 5-3ais one-sixth ofa circle of radius 6 m. The length of the gate is 10 m, Determine the ‘amount and location of the horizontal and vertical components of the total resultant force acting on the gate. /_ — em 71. The curved surface AB shown in Fig, 54a sa quarter of a circle of radius 5 ft. Determine, foran 8:ftlength perpendicular tothe paper, the amount and location of the horizontal ‘and vertical components of the total resultant force acting on surface AB. 72. The 1-m-dlameter cylinder in Fig. $-25a is 8 1m long into the paper and rests in static equirium against a frictionless wall at Point B. Compute the speciic gravity of the oylinder. 73. Curved wall ABC in Fig. 5-28a is a quarter Circle 9 ft wide into the paper. Compute the horizontal and vertical hydrostatic forces on the wall and the line of action of the resultant force. Prepare: rg Chr Duns, EI