This nteratonl standard was deepen accordance wih Internationally roan piles an standardzation esta nthe con om Principles for the Aly Designation: £415 - 17 Standard Test Method for ie Wort Trade Organon Teme Borer Trade HBT) Commie Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry’ ‘This sandr i sod unc he fc designation E15: the mane immesly following the designation indices the year of iin adopon on te ease of revs, the year of last revise. A umber in presen he year of ast eaprovl A ‘penciptepilon (2) inde an eral change snc the Lat vevison oe reappcval 1. Scope 1.1 This test method covers the simultaneous determination of 21 alloying and residual elements in earbon and low-alloy steels by spark atomic emission vacuum spectrometry in the ‘mass fraction ranges shown Note 1 ‘apieable lomert Fang, Quanta Range ee Nowinon Toe 0008 O08 ‘many, om o0zr 0.008 1 0.027 ‘sen Bion On8t604 Boren 9 0007 0.00040 0.007 Calc Sioo00s 8.2 wo008 Carbon omit baat 11 Chromium Oioe2 007814 Gea 510020 0.005 020 cooser owas 0008 1 05 Manganese om20 Onst020 oljederum owt 00713 eke! dioso 0.008 1 50 blu Dieore 20036032 Neegon Om 001s Borie aos Prosperous 0 008s 0.006 0088 Sicon| Dio te Onto 154 sutur 8m goss 001 0058 Tm 80 oe 8.005 0.08 “anim dieo2 2.001 02 Vanadum dios Oona 08 2rconkm Bio 005, Gare o.08 “patie range ie accordance wih Guide E1769 for reste epored azeordance with Practice £1050. * Cuantatve range in accordance wih Practe £1601, [Nore 1—The mass fraction ranges of the elements listed have been exablshed theogh cooperative testing? of reference materi 1.2 This test method covers analysis of specimens having a diameter adequate 10 overlap and seal the bore of the spark stand opening. The specimen thickness can vary significantly "nis test mead is under the juriicion of ASTAC Commitee EDI ex Aalyical Chomisy for Mealy, Ort. apd Read Maia and is the de ‘espomiliyof Sabcommite E.01 on ro, Sel, and Feralloy. ‘Crest dion approved May 15, 2017 Pabihed Jane 2017, Originally approved in 19TL Law previous eon approved fn 2015 a6 BAIS 18. DOL Supporting dia have bon fled a ASTM Iteration! Heaguaner nd may be oan by requesting Reus Repo RR:EO-1122, Contact ASTM Cistoer Sewvice at services on. according 10 the design of the spectrometer stand, but a thickness between 10 mm and 38 mm has been found to be ‘most practical. 1.3 This test method covers the routine control analysis in iron and steelmaking operations and the analysis of processed ‘material, Tt is designed for chill-cast, rolled, and forged specimens, Better performance is expected when reference ‘materials and specimens are of similar metallurgical condition and composition. However, it is not required for all applica tions of this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concems, if any, associated with its use, It is the responsibilty of the user of this standard to establish appro priate sajety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. LS This intemational standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- ‘mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standands:* £29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials F305 Practice for Establishing and Controlling Atomic Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves E350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron E406 Practice for Using Controlled Atmospheres in Spec- trochemical Analysis E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, wogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt >For refereed ASTM sands, vs the ASTM websie, wwmastmorg. of onact ASTM Casomer Service sient ore For Amal Book of ASTM ‘Standards vole nfo, eet he andar Docume Sumy age on the ASTM wh Cent © ASTM heron 10 Ber Ht Di, PO or C70, Ws Concha, PA SLE, Uned Ssly e415 -17 Alloys by Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques E1329 Practice for Verification and Use of Control Charts in Spectrochemical Analysis E1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method E1763 Guide for Interpretation and Use of Results from Interlaboratory Testing of Chemical Analysis Methods (Withdrawn 2015)" E1806 Practice for Sampling Stcel and Iron for Determina- tion of Chemical Composition E1950 Practice for Reporting Results from Methods of Chemical Analysis 2972 Guide for Production, Testing, and Value Assignment of In-House Reference Materials for Metals, Ores, and Other Related Materials 22. Other ASTM Documents ASTM MNL 7 Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis* 3. Terminology 3.1. For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to ‘TerminologyE 135. 4, Summary of Test Method 4.1 A capacitor discharge is produced between the flat, ground surface of the disk specimen and a conically shaped electrode. The discharge is terminated at a predetermined intensity time integral of a selected iron line, oF at a predeter- ‘mined time, and the relative radiant energies of the analytical lines are recorded. The most sensitive lines of arsenic, boron, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and tin lie in the vacuum, ultraviolet region. The absorption of the radiation by air inthis, region is overcome by evacuating the spectrometer or by use of a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) transparent gas and flushing the spark chamber with argon, S. Significance and Use 5.1. This test method for the spectrometric analysis of metals, and alloys is primarily intended to test such materials for ‘compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use this test method will be analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. Itis expected that work will he performed in a properly equipped laboratory. 6. Apparatus 6.1 Sampling Devices: 6.1.1 Refer to Practice E1806 for devices and practices to sample liquid and solid iron and steel 6.2 Excitation Source, capable of providing electrical pa rameters to spark a sample. See 11.1 for details. 6.3 Spark Chamber, automatically flushed with argon. The spark chamber shall be mounted directly on the spectrometer “The lst approved venion of this historical standart is referenced on wnwanimere. ‘TASTM Manual Src, ASTM Intranet, 2010, ‘and shall be provided with a spark stand to hold a flat specimen ‘and a lower counter electrode of rod fort. 63.1 Follow the manufacturer's recommendations. for cleaning the spark chamber. During continuous operation, typically should be done every 24 h. Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for cleaning the entrance lens or window (verifier data or other reference sample intensity data can typically indicate when this is necessary). 64 Spectral Lines—Table | lists spectral lines and internal standards usable for carbon and low alloy steel. The spectrom- eter must be able to measure at least one of the listed spectral lines for each of the listed elements. Spectral lines other than those listed in Table | may be used provided it can be shown experimentally that equivalent precision and accuracy are obtained. 65 Measuring System, spectrometer capable of converting light intensities to measurable electrical signals. The measuring system may consist of one of the following configurations: 6.35.1 A photomultiplier (PMT) array having individual voltage adjustments, capacitors in which the oulput of each photomultiplier is stored, a voltage measuring system to register the voltages on the capacitors either directly or indirectly, and the necessary switching arrangements to pro- Vide the desired sequence of operation, 652 A semiconductor detector array (CCD or CMOS), pixel selection clectronies to reset the pixels and to transport the voltage of an individual pixel to one oF mote output ports, Of the detector arrays, and a voltage measuring system 10 register the voltage of said output ports 65.3 A hybrid design using both photomultipliers and semiconductor arrays 68 Optical Path—If the instrument is operated using a ‘VUV transparent gas, check the manufacturer's suggested gas purity, It may be necessary to have a gas purification system consisting of a circulation pump and a cleaning cartridge to keep the O; (g) residual <0 ng/g and HO (g) residual <<1 jg/4 and remove impurities of nitrogen and hydrocarbons If the instrument is using a vacuum pump, it should be capable of maintaining a vacuum of 3.33 Pa (25 um Hg) or less, [Nore 2—A pump with a displacement of at least 0.23 m'inin (8 ‘Wein is usally sdoquate. 6.7 Gas System, consisting of an argon supply with pressure ‘and flow regulation, Automatic sequencing shall be provided to ‘actuate the flow ata given rate for a speeitic time interval. The flow rate may be manually or automatically set. The argon system shall be in accordance with Practice E406, Reagents and Materials 7.1 Counter Elecsrodes—The counter electrodes can be silver or tungsten rods, or other material, provided it can be shown experimentally that equivalent precision and bias are obtained. The rods can vary in diameter from 1.5 mm to 6.5 ‘mm (depending on the instrument design) and typically are ‘machined to « 90° or 120° angled tip. 7.1.1 Ablack deposit will collect on the tip ofthe electrode. ‘This deposit should be removed between specimens (typically ‘with a wire brush), If not removed, it can reduce the overall‘TABLE 1 Internal Standard and Analytical Lines ly e415 -17 Element Virion ne asstitont Possbie Inference? amino serie Calor Carton (crema colt on 8) 08.15 30822 ave 18008 19720 345.19 20s 18259 aoay 16581 18509 a1a28 3121 5.48 ane 26r72 25009 21a Bars 2740 21360 51085 13614 15740 tr24 v428 17098 21620 aia Bias 2678 23512 aa 28133 20518 29708, 20095 30878 3679 51716 “72 59.93 ane 35903 ease ona7 20233 Me ¥, Mo, Mo, van N,N, Mn, ver Mo, W 5, tn, Mo Wot, cu cr Mo, VPN, Mo iM, or Mo Nice Fe. tn, W a No, Nb ne Mo, Crly e415 -17 TABLE 1 Continued ienent Viaveleng, Posstie im Intron 21865 21620 ‘0 187753 14065 2ra07 239 1 oo fe 0575 1 Me Manganese 2331 " Mo, Nt asa " a 26.2 " aw Msyecenum sr983 " 20203 " aa arse 1 (01,¥, C2. Nn 26 0 Me Seal ' Mer oko! arias 1 3245 pared New 279 (, a, Ni ebium 31303 " nw 31980 " Mo,AL open 4925 1 Fe, 1, Si, Mn, Cu, 8 and ide forming cements auch as 1 Phosphorus 17829 ' Mo seen 2aa.18 ' Mo, cw ase ' Fev area 1 ‘Mo, Ni, Cu, No Sule 18073 ' Me 0 1752 " 18099 " Mn, Mo, A “ann sono 1 cu.co Tungsten 2420 " ne 299 " TV.Nn 2080 " o Vans saree ' 31023 " Fo, Mo, No, Ni zaooniam seara ' prt " aia. " w “jhe numerals orn he ne dacalicaton colunn idea tal he ne hasbeen castedn aterm aay and dfniely aagnedo fhe nomal atom ()ortohe emai lorized atom (0. Snteerences are dependent yp insumert design, spectrum ine chokes, and exctaon condense those Inte requ confimation based ypon specimens ‘elocedeepecialy Wo demonsvat aspect mterernoes, intensity of the spectral radiation or transfer slight amounts of contamination between specimens, or both, The number of acceptable burns on an electrode varies from one instrument t0 another, and should be established in each laboratory.ly e415 -17 [Nore 3—Ithas been reported that thousands of burns can be performed fon a tungsten electrode before replacement is necesay 7.2 Inert Gas, Argon, in accordance with Practice E406. 8. Reference Materials 8.1. Centfied Reference Materials (CRMs}—These are aval able from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and other sources and span all or part of the mass fraction ranges listed in 1.1. They are used to calibrate the spectrometer for the elements of interest or to validate the performance of the test method. It is not recommended (0 use CRMs as verifiers or 0 establish the repeatability of the chemical measurement process Nom 4Certiied Reference Materials manufactured by NIST are trademarked with the name, "Standard Reference Material.” 8.2 Reference Materials (RMs)—These are available from ‘multiple suppliers or can be developed in house. Reference Materials are typically used in control procedures (verifiers) and in drift correction (standardization) of the spectrometer, and they may be useful in calibrations. These reference ‘materials shall be homogenous and contain appropriate mass fractions of each clement for the intended purpose, Refer to Guide E2972 for production of your own reference materials. 8.3. Several issues can impact the selection and use of CRMs and RMs 8.3.1 Samples and reference materials may exhibit differ. ences in metallurgical structure, in particular having different sizes, compositions, and distributions of inclusions. Inhomo- geneous distribution of inclusions can worsen repeatability of individual measurements of elements found in the inclusions ‘Some inclusions may be removed during preburn steps prior 10 integration of intensities, causing low results. Typical samples ccan be used to determine repeatability of individual measure- 'ments fo yield estimates consistent with performance for actual samples, 8.32 For certain elements, there may be no available reference materials with metallurgical structure similar to typical samples. Therefore, calibrations may be biased. It is, recommended to validate results using typieal samples ana. lyzed using Test Methods E350 and E1019. 9. Preparation of Specimens and Reference Materials 9.1. The specimens and reference materials shall be prepared in the same manner. A specimen cut from a large sample section shall be of sufficient size and thickness for preparation nd to properly fit the spectrometer stand. A 10-mm to 38-mm, thick specimen is normally most practical. 9.2 Ensue that the specimens are free from voids and pits in the region to be measured (Note 5). Initially, grind the surface ‘with a 50-grit to 80-grit abrasive belt or dise (wet or dry) or ‘ill the surface. If wet grinding, perform the final grind with a dry abrasive belt or disc. A finer abrasive grinding media (for example, 120-grit) may be used for the final grind, but is not essential. Nore $—Specimen porosity is undesirable because it leads (0 the improper “ifusetype” rather than the dested “concentrated-type" dis- charge. The specimen surface should be kept clean becuse the specimen is the electron emitter, and electton emission is inhibited by oily, din sicaces 9.2.1 Reference materials and specimens shall be refinished dry on an abrasive belt or dise before being remeasured on the 10. Preparation of Apparatus one: 6—The insiactions given in this test method apply to most spectometers. However, some setings and adjustments may require ‘modification, and addtional preparation of the equipment may be re (quired. Its not within the scope ofan ASTM test method to preserbe the ‘minute details of the apparatus preparation, which may difer no aly for ach manufacturer, but also for dillrent equipment from the same ‘manufacturer Fora description of and further details of operation for particular spectrometer, refer to the manufacturer's manuals). 10.1 Program the spectrometer to use the internal standard lines and one of the analytical lines for each element listed in ‘Table 1, Multiple lines may be used for a given element (for example, nickel) depending on the mass fraction range and the individual spectrometer software 10.2 Test the positioning of the spectrometer entrance sit to censure that peak radiation is entering the spectrometer cham- bet. This shall be done initially and as often as nevessary to maintain proper entrance slit alignment. Follow the manufac- er’s recommended procedures. The laboratory will deter- ‘mine the frequency of positioning the alignment based on instrument performance, 10.3 Exit slit positioning and alignment is normally per- formed by the manufacturer at spectrometer assembly. Under ‘normal circumstances, further exit slit alignment is not neces- sary (Note 7). Nove 7—The manner and frequency of positioning or checking the position of the exit sls will depend on factors such as the type of Spectrometer, the variety of analytical problems encountered, and the ‘requency of use. Each laboratory should establish a suitable check procedure utilizing qualified service engineers. AL. Burn and Exposure ILL Electrical Parameters: 11.1.1 Bum parameters are normally established by the spectrometer manufacturer. The following ranges are historical guidelines and newer instruments may vary from these: ‘Tigpered Capacitor Oscharge Ccapactance, pF ‘ets Fels, 2 Sis. Potent $40 fe 1000 Cree oawos ember of charges & 11.1.2 When parameter values are established, maintain them carefully. The variation of the power supply voltage shall, not exceed +5 % and preferably should be held within 2%. 11.13 Inisiarion Circuit—The initiator circuit parameters shall be adequate to uniformly trigger the eapacitor discharge ‘The following settings are historical guidelines and newer instruments may vary from these: Ccapactance, uF 0.0025 Inaustanee, iH rosa! Peak votage, 48 000ly e415 -17 LL.L4 Other Electrical Parameters—Excitation units, on which the precise parameters given in 11.1.1 and 11.1.3 are not available, may be used provided that it can be shown experi- ‘mentally that equivalent precision and accuracy are obtained, 11.2 Burn and Measurement Conditions—The following ranges are normally adequate: ‘gon sh perio, 5 St015 rebum pets. & 51020 Exposure petod, = 30%0 gon to em nin rebum Prey 281023 Exposure 5t90 281018 11.2.1 Select preburn and exposure periods after a study of volatization rates during specimen burns. Once established, ‘maintain the parameters consistently. 11.22 A high-purity argon atmosphere is required at the analytical gap. Molecular gas impurities, such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrocarbons, or water vapor, either in the gas system, or from improperly prepared specimens, should be minimized. 11.3 Electrode System—The specimen, electrically negative, serves as one electrode. The opposite electrode is a tungsten or silver rod, the tip of which has been machined to a 90° or 120° angled cone. Use either a 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm. (20.1 mm) analytical gap. Condition a fresh counter electrode with two bums to six bums using the operating conditions described in 11.1 and 11.2. L14 Photomutiplier Potentials—The sensitivities of the photomultipliers are normally established and set by the spectrometer manufacturer based on the particular wavelengths, selected, LLS Semiconductor Detector Array—In newer instruments, semiconductor detector arrays are replacing PMTs. The width of the individual pixels shall be similar to the width of the exit, slits used in conventional instruments equipped with PMTs, 12, Calibration, Standardization, and Verification 12.1 Calibration—Using the conditions given in 1.1 — 11.3, measure calibrants and potential drift correction samples in a random sequence, bracketing these with measurements of any materials intended for use as verifier. (A calibrant may be used later as a verifier. See 8.1.) There shall be at least three calibrants for each clement, spanning the required mass frac jon range. Measure each calibrant, drift correction sample, and verifier two times (0 four times and use the average value. If the spectrometer system and software permit, repeat with different random sequences at least wo times. Using the averages of the data for each point, determine analytical curves as directed in the spectrometer manufacturer's sofiware or Practice E305. 12.2 Siandardization—Following the manufacturer's recommendations, standardize on an initial setup of anytime that it is known or suspected that readings have shifted. Make the necessary corrections either by adjusting the controls on the readout or by applying arithmetic corrections, Standardization shall be done anytime verification indicates that readings have gone out of statistical control, In the case of automatic corrections conducted by the spectrometer software, observe the standardization factors oF offsets, or both. The factors or offsets, or both, are often presented in the spectrometer software after standardization or stored in log files, or bot, Refer (0 your instrument manual or instrument manufacturer for access to this information, 123 Verifcation—Nerify tion is valid i required in accordance with | 12.3.1 Analyze verifiers in accordance with Section 13. If results do not fall within the control limits established in 124, run another standardization or investigate why the instrument ‘may be malfunctioning 12.32 Each laboratory shall determine the necessary fre- quency of verification based on statistical analysis. Typically every 4h to 8 h is practical and adequate. Ifthe results are not ‘within the control limits established in 12.4, perform a stan- dardization and repeat verification. Repeat standardization as necessary so verification results are within control limits or investigate further for instrument problems. 124 Quatity Control—Establish control limits in accor- dance with ASTM MNL 7, Practice E1329, or other equivalent quality control procedure. that the instrument's standardiza- 13, Measurements, 13.1 Place the prepared surface of the specimen on the sample stand so that the measurement will impinge on a location known {o be representative of the entire specimen, Nore 8With certain spectrometers. a properly burned specimen usually exhibits a dark ring around th’ pitted sparked area. With that ‘equipment, a smooth texture, white burn Without the characters dark ring indicctes an improperly bamed specimen. IF boron nitride disks are ‘sed {0 mechanically resrict the burned area of the simple, a properly ‘bumed specimen may not exhibit a dark ring. 13.2 Measure specimens in duplicate and report the average of the duplicate results. 14, Calculation 14.1. Using the average results obtained in 13.2, calculate the mass fractions of the elements from the analytical curves, developed in 12.1 14.2 Rounding of test results obtained using this test method shall be performed in accordance with the Rounding Method of Practice £29, unless an alternative rounding method is speci- fied by the customer or applicable material specification, 15. Precision and Bias Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International juarters and may be obtained by requesting RR:E0!- The interlaboratory test data summarized in Table 2 have been evaluated in accordance with Practice E1601 15.2 Precision—Up to eight laboratories cooperated in per- forming this test method with thirteen unknown samples and ‘obtained the statistical information summarized in Table 2. 15.3 Bias—Differences between average composition deter- ‘mined by this method and the certified compositions provides the bias found in the interlaboratory study. Bias information is found in Table 2TABLE 2 Statistical Information fy Eats - 17 Number of ‘canied Meri Labortanee Yate, rom : ® ‘Amina Sample 7 ‘oie ‘aor Toe ‘007 oO Semple 2 7 0a ope 0037 008? 2.008 Semple 8 8 ors bore Boor 3.0028 0.008 Samples 8 oor 0200 0006 0.0008 0.000 Semple s 8 082 0868 0K oom 2.008 Semple 8 0.000 nes 0002 onze Boots Sample 7 8 ‘100 0.0300 0031 one ‘0040 Semple 8 7 oat Ona doo 00st ooze Sample & 7 03 0393 0017 ons? one Sample 10 8 2.024 0288 0.0000 0.0028 0018 Semple 17 8 oe? ia06 Boo 1082 0016 Semple 2 8 017 nao: 0012 0.0013, 0.0031 Sample 18 z 0034 Bao. 0027 ‘atimeny pe T ToT ‘Oar Tone ‘008 Oe Semple 2 5 0008 0007 ote Samples 7 oor 8.0000 0.0022 Semple # 6 ‘009 0007 072 Semple S 5 0004 oor Bo007 zt 0007 Samples 8 0.0025 ones 001 0088 0001 Semple 7 8 ‘0008 Sroge oot, 0.0028 2.002 Sample 8 7 0.002 oor 0007 0022 0.0008, Semple 8 5 0008 0.0005, Box Sample 10 8 0.008 00% oot 0037 ‘9001 Sample 17 8 o00%0 0008 0.0004 Semple 2 8 oni B08 ones Sample 13 z 002s 0010, 20007 ‘arsenic Samet 3 05 ‘O46 Tom ‘o0i¥6 “Doo Semple 2 6 0.008 0033 0.0008 nots 0000 Sample 3 7 00se Boone 0047 Semple 7 (420.005) 0008 D000 0.0009 Semple s 7 ‘0.005 0037 0.0008 ants 20002 Sample 7 0056 ors 0010 oat 0018 Sample 7 (0.008) 006s 00008 0.08 Semple 8 6 ‘0.007 007s 0.0008 0037 2.0004 Sample 8 8 oes 0.0000 0.0034 Semple 0 7 008 053 D008 ss ona Sample 11 7 00s 0080 0.0000 ois 2.008 Sample 12 7 ‘o007 oor 0012 9.076 0.0000 Semple 13. 6 ‘07 ss 0077 00186 0046 Boron SaipieT 7 ‘w006 002 ToT ‘00 Semple 2 7 (0.0002) 3.0008 oon 0.0002 Semple S 8 0008 ono ‘oat Sample + 8 (0.0008) 1.0008 0001 0.002 Semple s 7 002 donot 0.0002 Semple § 8 0002 ‘0003 2.00 one 0x01 Sample 7 8 007 004s 0.0004 0.0020 ‘90002 Sample 8 5 0002 00001 0.008 Sample 8 ‘ i003 000 3.0008 Semple 10 7 ‘0002 ooo! oe Sample 11 6 8.008 e001 .008 Sample 12 8 (©0004) 0.0008 0.0001, 0.06 Sample 13 z 0005 ano oe ale Sampo T 3 Taooi ‘0007 e007 ‘0008 Semple 2 2 (0.005), ooo: Soo 0001 Semple s 8 0.0008 0001 003 Semple 6 (o001) 0002 0001 ‘002 Sample § 4 (2.008) ‘0003 Sooo 0.0002 Semple 8 oot oot 0003 nee 0.0000 Sample 7 8 0008 moor ‘008 Sample 8 7 0.0008 8.002 ‘2.0008 Sample § 7 0002 oooie 2.0008 0.0008 -0.0002 Semple 10 7 0008 ‘00 oom anne ‘coos Sample 11 6 001 80001 0.0002 Sample 12 8 (©0001) 0003 000 ‘002 Sample 13 z 0003 0.003 ‘0.008 arbor ‘Same T 7 oar ‘O2t60 oo0s Ome 0s Semple? 7 ona 1525 Done 0.0250, 2.0105 Semple s 8 13 0364 0072 are? oefy Eats - 17 TABLE 2 Continued Number of Ccented Matai ese. cay roar r R Bias Samples 3 0.858 Tasos ro oor ro Semple 5 8 48a a0 .002 ores 0.082 Sample 6 8 as? base ono 056 oon Sample 7 8 ase oes: .a02 ouere 0.0069 Sample 8 z 0128 1905 0.0046 0.078 0.005 Semple § 7 ore 1198 Bona oon 0.008 Sample 10 8 1.03 "028 boro 027 0.08 Semple 11 8 o2ss 02500 Bove ons? 0.0020 Sample 2 8 0107 oma 0.0040 eons one Sample 13 z 0376 0.3509 8.0280 0.0280 ow ‘Sample T 7 ‘08 ‘ora oon OEE aa Sample 2 7 co Diese B00 ost 0008 Samples 8 ‘22 4200 0.0327 0.209 “oon Semple 8 axe O50 0.0030 oars 0086 Sample § 8 oer 0100 0012 035 ‘30020 Sample 8 2.088 0973 boo 9.079 “0.0007 Semple 7 8 ‘sm ‘5088 Boxe asst “ouee Sample 8 7 200 2005, oreo, ez 008 Sample 8 7 258 2357 0167 O29 0.08 Sample 10 8 4138 1358 roy boon “D008 Sample 17 8 ase 0333 0023 55 o.0%8 Sample 2 8 B22 au oreo oan oo” Sample 13 z 1.082 0880 0.0083, 0.0083 0.020 Cabal ‘Sample T 7 ae 885 ‘o0or oma aS Sample 2 7 0.008 0.0033 8.02 0.0028 “o0017 Semple 3 8 oon one 0006 106 2.008 Semple 4 8 oor 0020 0.000 024 0001 Sample 5 8 ‘0.008 Sona 0.0006 125 D012 Sample 6 8 0078 ao0re 0007 0.082 ‘3.0008 Semple 8 ‘0008 ors 0009 a6 Boost Sample 8 7 oor 0006 0.0006 0083 ‘0004 Sample 8 7 Sones 0000 0.008 Semple 10 8 007 006s 0009 0.028 0002 Semple 11 8 ‘01 ‘0003 0000 one ‘0007 Sample 12 8 oor 0160 0.008 001 0.00 Sample 18 z 006: 8.0009 082 “Copper pie T T os aes Ooo oo ‘066 Semple 2 7 ‘03 0300 oo ‘onst na Sample 3 8 on onst Boos, oto 2.0081 Semple s 8 oss O58 0070 owe. 2.008. Sample s 8 015 onus 0007 nose ‘0008 Semple § 8 0209 02003 0.0030 unas 0000 Sample 7 8 0087 0569 b.025, 0.088 “0.0008 Semple 8 7 ox? ore 00s ated one Sample 9 08 ore 0.034 ‘oes ‘0008 Sample 10 8 0106 0.1068 008i 0.0130 008 Semple 11 8 om 3008 Boo dos S08 Semple 12 8 ons ox190 2.0050 one? 0010 Sample 13. z 2051 0511 0.0031 0007 2.00 Mangenese Same T 7 oae Oats roar CoE “0007 Semple 2 7 12 ie 2200 ones 02a Samples 8 Os asso Boose niet owe Semple 8 rr oasi8 bore 0.0356 cone Semple S 8 are 07390 ro) ees bor Sample 8 or 0780s a8 2.0108 Sample 7 8 0309 ares Boo 00st 0.0020 Sample 8 7 oaat ata? 2.0086 ores 2.0027 Semple 8 7 035 05864 0.0075, oe a Sample 10 8 033 0.3300 Boor. one 2.0040 Semple 17 8 12 140s dois ssi ‘02s Sample 2 8 oss asare 0028 oars ote Sample 13 z 08 09070 cess oc 2.0070 atybonur Semple T 7 05 ‘Osi Toe ‘oot ‘ooaT Semple 2 7 2.008 008 0.0002 0084 2.008 Sample 8 8 aa? bares Bones 270 8.0043 Samples 8 oor 20s 2.0000 0.0083 2.0014 Semple S 8 2.008 00s: D008 ones? Boxer Sample § 8 ona oo 0019 o.n26 ‘0002 Sample? 8 128 307 Boas. 0.1200 oerfy Eats - 17 TABLE 2 Continued Number of Ccented Matai ese. cay roar r R Bias Semmes 7 80 Danes ro ‘oars ‘oor Semple @ 7 02 1.038 00128 1082 a0rs Sample 10 8 onus sao Boos oat 2.008 Smpie 1 8 ae 4230 0103 ote 2.0010 Sample 12 8 08 0.9076 ais 0.0480 0004 Semple 13. z 02 O.078 B28, 0.0028 0.0022 Nicks Senge 7 7a 205 Toa ooaT aor Sample 2 0.029 oosi8 0.0006 0027 ome Sample 3 8 axe 0.1290 0020 0081 0.0090 Semple 8 ores O6n2 oanst one nose Sample s 8 01s ons 0007 00st ‘90004 Sample 6 8 358 o573 Boo. fone 0080 Semple 7 8 ass, eto 007 063 2.096 Semple 8 7 oxs7 0908 one ones Sona Sample 8 7 025 02408 0.0033 one ‘000 Sample 10 4 0338 01386 0038, ons 2.006 Semple 11 8 174 1728 ooea7 one? ‘ove Sample 2 8 onze oxaie Booed oo 0017 Sample 13 z 9.089 000 0.0019, 0071 004 Nb ‘Sempre T 7 ‘008 ‘0031 roy oooTe ‘a08T Sample 2 7 Oost Dosis Boos: oor 0.0008 Samples 8 0.02 0064 0.0004 0.028 0044 Semple 8 oat Ooass dona ons 8.008 Sample S 5 (0.000) ‘0003 om 08 Sample 6 7 0.0000 0008 8.002 0007 -0.0008| Semple 7 8 ‘ore on17e oon ots ‘00s Semple 8 7 (0.08) 0036 0.0003 ooote Sample 8 7 Oo0as 0.0003 0018 Semple 10 8 ones 0.0009 0.0015: Semple 13 8 ooo Boone nae Sample 2 8 0076 0890 door oars 0079 Sample 13 6 0.0006 8.003 0.0006. 0.005. trogen Sample tT 7 Tosa ‘06s roy aoe aoe Semple 2 7 0078 Boo 0.080 Sample 8 8 oor B22 Boose et 0.048 Sample + 6 oon 8.008 0.020 Semple S 8 0.0058 ood 0009 2.0080 0018 Sample § 8 0106 0000 oo010 ns ‘30007 Sample 8 0.0076 0004 0013, 0.084 ooo1e Semple 8 7 Boor oro Boor 0.056 2.005, Sample ¢ 7 onto: 8.0009 ne Sample 10 8 00s Boor 0007 48 -0.0008 Sample 17 8 0086 oars 8.008 0.0061 0008 Semple 2 6 ‘0055 0504 0028 ass Sone Sample 13 vd 0106 0010. 00st Phosphorous Semple 7 or ‘0170 oT ‘0s aoe Semple 2 7 oor 016s ooo ons owes Semple 3 8 oor anise 0.008 0007 ‘90011 Sample $ 8 oon done Boo, 0.0088, 0.002 Sample 5 8 201 ‘0000 0007 0.0029 2.0010 Semple 8 0.0036 oto: oot ost ons Sample 7 8 ‘0.006 0.0064 0.0008 0.0029 2.004 Semple 8 ; oor 0128 0000 0.054 2.009 Sample 8 7 a0 008s 0.006 ont? ‘noe Sample 10 8 ors 0164 0.0584 se? 00a Semple 17 8 ao Soe 000. 0019 0013 Sample 12 8 0.008 007s 0.0008 0.0020 ‘0002 Sample 18 z 2081 00504 0.0088, os “0.0026 Sileon pie T T Dos ‘Oo1ar Toe ‘007 00S Sample 2 7 0.058 868 ooo nse oom Sample 8 8 027 02767 004s oon? 0087 Sample + 8 os 0.080 007 0183 00st Semple S 8 az ozas: Boose 00st “ows Semple 8 ot cam 0.0030 oom ‘0011 Sample 7 8 ons Orsay 0187 0030 0.0209 Sample 8 7 0285 1.2820 .022 0100 ‘30030 Semple 8 7 ose ose 0.0039 Bort Boor Sample 10 8 ose 0217 0.0087 bone 0017 Sample 1? 8 154 1519 oat 0612 ‘021ly e415 -17 TABLE 2 Continued Number of Contes Mate ese. cay oar r R ies Samp 12 3 0x27 re Tae onie7 oon Sample 13 7 at 048 coe 00135 0036 at Sanpiet T ‘005 cate oaee ose a0m10 Samole2 7 008 ors cto ost ‘aot Sample 3 8 ots oan oao10 002! boos Sammie ¢ 8 oor oats oaors 00088 oo015 Sample $ 8 ones axe oanse 00st 0018 Sample § 8 aceon ‘utzes oars 00s ‘0013 Sample? 8 ‘033 set ‘cose 2.088 “2.0008 Sample § r 026 Sees cares nse ‘oom9 Sample 8 7 0003 ors coos nora ‘cor? Sample 10 8 oor oats sanse Sones 0008 Same 8 Soot s.co48 rd 00007 60006 Sample 12 8 ons acre Senos ones S000 sample 18 i oar 0456 aoe oon ‘cor Sanpiet T ‘06r Tse ‘ODF ‘oD aoe Sample 2 7 one ‘.ac38 cco onnee 0008 Sample $ 8 9008 ners ces 00s “cca Sample ¢ 8 ones ees acto 0028 0005 Sample § 7 ©0008 ors came ooo Serie § 8 ‘horas oor anos Sone 000s Sample? 8 ‘0005 ‘cos oats mms “20001 Sermo 8 r oars Sones oencs oon oom Sample 8 i aor came oon Samp 10 @ 0008 ‘06s 010 0013 0008 Semple 1 8 008 Soars Somes omnis Sons Sample 12 8 0000 ‘ccoe caret onze e000 Sample 13 z 0s ‘abt anes S082 20089 “Tani Senet T aor 03 Tame ‘D008 aoa Sample 2 7 008 ars oan 0000 ‘coos Sample $ 8 003 cose cece 9.0008 0006 Sample 4 8 ons ots nor Sone ome Sample § 7 oa) aon Sano 000 Sames ‘ ocoo ‘coos oto: 0.0008 0000 Sample 7 8 ‘nse 358 cares 0090 sone Sammie & 7 oo ore a00r 0.0006 Same 7 Sor Saxo: 0008 Sample 10 3 oon ‘0020 ano oonre coro Sambi 6 0003 esr ctos 0007 0007 Sample 12 8 00a) Scar Samos S000 Sample 13 i ‘ot aon ome ones oooie 5 Vaneau ; — Sanoiet 7 ai csi cate ‘oD0Te ‘006 Sample 2 7 oor onze oar ones come Sample $ 8 0016 anise cto o002t o0ns4 Sammie 4 & oor oars e010 9.0090 0008 Semmes 7 0.000 Sore came Sone Sample § a ‘ozs 0295 oanco omnes oom Sample 7 8 ‘oaae z33 eos 00403 omeis Sample § 7 003 ‘0038 ones S003 0008 Sample & 7 oars corse ccce 0.0020 20018 Sample 10 4 00s Sots Senos Sons Dono Sammie 1 8 003 ‘.aceo| conta 0020 ‘ooo Sample 12 & 0238 93308, Senee 20168 oonms Sample 18 7 0036 oats 0031 rconium Sample t 7 way Toe Tans o0T0e Sample? 6 az oars omnes 0st cow Sample $ 7 ‘coos ance oon Sample ¢ 7 ‘coos coo: 0.0006 Semple § 7 Sicoae Saxo: nos Sample & 7 oor ‘cons oator 0005 cant Sample? i ‘ose oasis 016 90100 ‘con? Sample & 5 ‘coos coor omnis Sample 8 8 S005 Samos ones Sample 10 7 ‘cons aoe 0008 Sample 11 7 ‘cons coo: com Same 12 7 (000 coor comet 0.0034 Sample 18 é fc003 Sato: S008fy Eats - 17 16. Keywords 16.1 carbon steel; low-alloy steel; spark atomic emission; spectrometric analysis; spectrometry AST Internal takes no positon respecting te vaio any patent ight assert in connection with any item menoned Inti stand, Usors oft standard are express aise at determination oie vay of any such paar ms. andro rk ‘of nngemant of such rights, reentry thei own responsi. ‘This standards subject rein at any tne by the response echnical conmities and must be reviewed every ve years and inotreveos ether eaperoved or mihcran Yourconments ae vod ote fr reson oe stra ofr sada ansaras ‘2h shoul bs adessed o ASTM Irlratona eadqualrs. 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