UNIVESIDAD ABIERTA PARA ADULTO

(UAPA)

ASIGNATURA:
Matemática III

TEMA:
Ecuaciones exponenciales y logarítmica

PARTICIPANTE:
Pedro Juan Zapata Díaz

FACILITADOR/a:

LUCIA BALBUENA JONES

MATRICULA:

16-11988
 FECHA:

12-08-2018

I) Dados log 2 = 0.3010; log3 = 0.4771; log 4 = 0.6020. Determine:

a) Log 24 = 1.3802

b)Log 24 = Log 3 = 0.4771

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II) Escriba “V” si el enunciado es verdadero o “F” si es falso.

1) La expresión logb A x logb B = logb A + Logb B. ___V___

2) El log3 5 = log3 7 – log3 5. ___V___

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3) El log3 52 = 2 log3 5. __V___

4) La expresión 10-1 = 1 __V___

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5) La característica del log 24.356 = 1.386605 es 1. __V__

III) Resuelva correctamente las operaciones planteadas:

a) Log 647.25 x 0.24 Log 155.34 2.1913 1.3985

36.89 36.89 1.5669

b) Log 5√6793.47 Log 6793.47 3.8321 0.76782

5 5
IV) Realice la gráfica de las siguientes funciones:
a) y = 4x

b) y = log4x
c) f(x) = 32x
 d) g(y) = 2x+3

V) Resuelva las siguientes ecuaciones logarítmicas:

1) log2 x2 – log2 2x = 1 2 log2 x – (log2 2 + log2 x) = 1

2 log2 x – log2 2 – log2 x = 1
2 log2 x – log2 x – log2 2 = 1
log2 x – log2 2 = 1
log2 x – log2 2 + log2 2 = 1 + log2 2
log2 x = 1 + 1
log2 x = 2
2 = log2 (22) = log2 4
log2 x = log2 4
x=4

2) log5 (x+1) + log5 (x-1) = 0 log5 (x+1) (x-1) = 0

log5 (x+1) (x-1) = log5 (50)
log5 (x+1) (x-1) = log5 (1)
x2 – 1 = 1
 x2 – 1 + 1 = 1 + 1
x2 = 2
√x2 = √2
x = √2
x = 1.414213…

3) log27 x2 + log27 x = 1 2 log27 x + log27 x = 1

3 log27 x = 1
3 log27 x = 1
3 3
Log27 x = 1/3
x = 3√27
x=3

4) log5 (x2 – 1) – log5 (x + 1) = 2 log5 (x2 – 1) = 2

log5 (x + 1)
log5 (x – 1) (x + 1) = 2
(x + 1)
log5 x – 1 = 2
52 = x – 1
x – 1 = 52
x – 1 = 25
x – 1 + 1 = 25 + 1
x = 26

5) 4x-3 = 2 22(x – 3) = 2
22x – 6 = 2
2x – 6 = 1
2x – 6 + 6 = 1 + 6
2x = 7
x = 7/2
x = 3.5
2x-4
6) = 252x-4 ln 12x – 4 = ln 252x – 4
2x – 4 ln 1 = 2x – 4 ln 25
2x – 4 (0) = 52 ln (2x – 4)
0 = 2 ln 5 (2x – 4)
2 ln 5 (2x – 4) = 0
2ln 5 (2x – 4) = 0
2 ln 5 2 ln 5
2x – 4 = 0
 2x – 4 + 4 = 0 + 4
2x = 4
x/2 = 4/2
x=2

7) 10x = 1 10x .(1000) = 1 .(1000)

1000 1000
x
10 = 1000
10x = 103
x=3

8) 21 . 2x + 2x + 21 . 2x = 28
2x (21 + 1 + 21) = 28
2x (2 + 1 + 2) = 28
2x (5) = 28
2x (5) = 28
5 5
x
2 = 28
5
x
ln 2 = ln 28
5
x ln 2 = ln 28
5
x ln 2 = ln 28/5
ln 2 ln 2
x = ln 28/5
ln 2
x = ln 5.6 = 1.7227
ln 2 0.6931
x = 2.4854

9) 22x-1 = 22

2x – 1 = 2
2x – 1 + 1 = 2 + 1
 2x = 3
2x/2 = 3/2
x = 3/2
x = 1.5

10 ) 21-x2 = 8-1

21-x2 = 23(-1)
1 – x 2 = 3 (–1)
1 – x 2 = –3
1 – 1 – x2 = – 3 – 1
– x2 = – 4 (–1)(–x 2 ) = (–4)(–1)
x2 = 4

x = 2, x = – 2

11 ) 4x2-6x = 47

x 2 – 6x = 7
x 2 – 6x – 7 = 7 – 7
x 2 – 6x – 7 = 0
(x – 7) (x + 1) = 0
x = 7, x = – 1