6.2 Linking slab Linking siab is loaded due to the superstructure deformations (pic. 1) and due the direct loaging on the slab. Horizontal loads will also be transferred to the substructures via linkingslab and shear key inti. Linking Slab bending moment due the load in the span (detail from the support). Deformations (rotations at girder end) for the linking slab, which develops slowly with time, are reduced due the creep of the linking slab with factor: o? o Permanent short time developed superstructure rotation effects will be reduced by time and reduction is estimated with factor: o=16 k= 50% a 30% In both equations §=1,6 is 2 creep coefficient forthe linking slab loaded at the age of 30d. Short term load effects (live loads and temperature gradient) effects are not reduced. orn tein = fformoncongente |r| 5 iow. sae ie [eal | es Ye a ee itr rege on a ‘Support rotation development in time wn wsPLuan su. DEFORMATION DESIGN VALUE (* Immediate tong term loads ow. 0.0013 rad OM 0.00104 rad Longterm deformations t=80d->too ‘bLo+PSo 0.0018 rea OW too 0017 ad PSosses 0.0005 rad Si(aif) 00012 aa ‘SHrC> 0036 rad Pet SOM ORD Yad Settelement (0.008 rad 20% 0.042 rad Short Term Loads wai 0016 00162 rad To+ 90011 0.00106 rad 16- (2.0003 (0.00023 rad, +) for calculating reduced force effects ‘Support rotations for linking slab Local load effects are calculated with 3,5m wide slab FE-model (shell elements) spanning 1,7m. Main superstructure rotations are placed to boundary conditions. Live load effects with only one lane is most severe (with IM=75% and MLF=1,2). For the 1,7m span the Design Truck is more severe than design Tandem, En Falla Th hl ae nig 80. nm ace 70 oe 78 Design Tandem Axels on Linking Slab The slab is under a high capacity utilization degree and the deck will crack. Effect of cracking is considered in the linear slab calculations with reduction of the slab thickness. Basic thickness is assumed to be 240mm, but variable thicknesses are studied due the expected variation in creep hog, 46/1EFFECTIVE THICKNESS: Cracking moment f= 063. FMP = 373.MPa Nn 423535 sm? stifness -craced & non - cracked Eg-max() = 109252 {+See SLS calculations below) = CCracing utilization parameter Effective stifiness for a span as a function of ‘maximum moment (plotted as function of moment) ° 30 © «SO For the deck slab calculations reduction s made only for the hogging moment (tension at the top). ‘Maximum moment in SLS is app. 100kNm/m, but no significant reduction is ater SOkNm/m in stffness > conservative value is used. Flexural loads are mainly uniform over the deck width so constant estimate s valid. ws %wsP6.2.1 Design in ULS & SLS comeing on: MoT) STRENGTH (Max) nt Forcatomet Th Sha ‘omponene MoT) ‘Masur 16289463 a nade 76 Momun 7367799 at rade 528 Top layer factored design moment in ULS Load effects and Strength | limit state combination for the linking slab: Lomo EFFects| ™ ‘i oo 075mm ass kNm/m | 1.2509 kNmim | 125-19 KNm/m ow 028 wwmm —-0s8em/m | 04 0.2 eNmim | 15 09 kNow/m ow (theta) 492 iNm/m 19:7 Nm/m | 06S -A25kNmim | 15-296 N/m crest 25.7 &Nm/m 05-329 kNe/m re 26.0 rym 05 BA Ami 16 44.85 kNm/m as 28 kum Settlements 67 Nm 138 KN 267 Nem 439 kN/m Lusi @ span 2 49 kNm/m usin @ Spon 2 [UsIM @ Linking sab as2umjm ___-s74enmim | 175 snginmim | 175 1005 kN emi 282 Nm 431STRUCTURAL DESIGN Concrete specified compression strength Reinforcement, ved strangth Deck thickness adn concrete cover layer (b-bottom /t=to3) Reinforcement and distance from ultimate compression fibre. ‘Nominal flexural resistance and factored resistance = 090 Factored design loads against resistance. 49/1 g=WSPComeining on: Mo) [SERVICE Win) nity Foreoment Thin Set ‘companent Mi) av or7e€9 a em0e3 st 9454E9 saasisea 36826 ‘ese -22782663 st ogo 340 Minium 49.3479 a rad 162 Bottom layer factored design moment in SLS Load effects and Service limit state combination to the linking slab: [sismax [isin Do (075 N/m -1.58 N/m 4 osknmim | a 16 kien ow 028 iNmvm_—__-0.8 N/m 2 o3knmim | a 06 kno Dw theta) 439.2 wWm/n 19.7 N/m 2 as2knmim | a 39.7 N/m cose "2.7 xm/m 1 2.7 eNn/m ror 368 Nye humm | 05 BAAN 16. 4.85 kNm/ os 2 knm/n Settlements 67 WW -139 kN 267 knmim | 239 N/m Lusi @ span 3 49 kNm/m 1 usin @ Span 2 USM @ Linking Sab 462 N/m 574 eM a as2enmim | a 314 “as kN “12 Kiln so|s1Control of cracking by distribution of reinforcement (5.7.3.4) ‘crack width parameter (moderate excposure) = 23000 Pe © alle) = 19mm |~\345)™" pg reinforcement spacing o=() am —_ (12800 Am afaea = ( a= z- (3) sm 06, = 240-MPa + max allowed sires is 240 MPa (60%f,) (4a) TENSILE STRESS IN REINFORCEMENT ee (2) fa 2 Bes ace acme (28) im SE ASPE™ | 14988) m v=[ [Rete Pay Ag)-(71) an Is [alas Z| J on! o <240 MP2 OK suet BWSP300 7 250 } § 20 | z 2°] & — = mee —eomaety 3 ett 3 50 ° 170 190210280250 270290 ‘Slab thickness. [mm] Factored resistance (capacity), force effect and the effective slab thickness with various slab thickness If the linking slab thickness exceeds 270mm check for the reinforcement is required. Slab thickness shall be min, 185mm in all cases. \81