\% part 1 of the Writing paper is a Writing: compulsory task. You wil be asked to write {an essay based on notes that you took from 2 discussion you lstened to, a dacumentary you watched or something similar. The task requires you to make a relevant and coherent argument based on the notes, with substary points, reasons, results andlor examples as appropriate. ‘You will be given three points on which to base your essay and three opinions from cother people, whose ideas you may use if you wish. You must discuss two of the three points in your essay, hing your opinion on which you think & more importanteffecive! beneficial, etc One way to write an essay ofthis kind is to have: + an introduction, which gives the reader an outline ofthe topic + main body consisting of two paragraphs (one paragraph for each of the points) ‘+ a conclusion giving your opinion about hich points more important, effective etc Note: your conclusion should include direct comparison between the two points! issues, ete that you discussed along with & dear statement regaring which of the two ismore important, effective ec. The essay should be witten in a formal or semi-formal style and should use a variety of basic and more advanced vocabulary, structures and grammatical forms, inclusing linking words and phrases. Avoid using contractions (He), colloquial. expressions and slang (once na bve moon, fiat ital oils dwn i) When completing this type of task, make sure you include all the points asked for in the rubric ‘The essay shouid be no less than 220 words land no more than 260. Ifthe word count is below 220, its likely that the task has not been successfully completed. If the word count over 260 words, then its kely that there isirelevant material and unnecessary repetition 68 D understanding the Rubric 4 Read the rubric and underline the key words, then answer the questions, Yur class has listened to a radio discussion about how grandparents can help in the ralsing of children. You have made the notes below. ‘Ways that grandparents can help in the raising of children: + childcare + giving advice * education ‘Some opinions expressed in the discussion: "Grandparents can give parents that vital night off once a month.” "Grandparents have gathered alot of wisdom.” "The world is changing too fast for ‘grandparents to keep up.” Wirte an essay discussing two of the ways in your notes that grandparents can hep inthe raising of chen, You sould expain which way is more important, giving reasons to supper’ your opinion. You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far 25 possible. Write your essay in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. Where dio your notes come from? ‘What do you have to write? ‘What style should you use? How many points from the discussion do you have to write about? Should you use the quotes given? What do you need to be careful of? Do you need to give an opinion? How fong should your essay be?® structuring an Essay ‘An essay sa piece of writing that airs to persuade a reader about an issue. n order todo ths, it needs an effective structure To ove an essay sucha structure, we use + a thesis statement, usually the last sentence in the introductory paragraph, which gives the main idea or opinion of the essay * topic sentences, usualy the fst sentence of the paragraph, which gives the main idea of the paragraph, * supporting sontonces that support the topic sentence and meke up the rest of the paragraph + linking words and phrases to introduce points, add reasons, examples and results, show contrast, etc 2. Read the essay and choose the correct thesis statement and topic sentences (A-F) from below. Most peaple have happy memaris of visting thelr grandparents. These are the people who thought everything we did was wonderful, and who would always let us do whatever we wanted, But that’s not all grandparents have to offer. lowadays, when both parents work, they can easily become exhausted and grandparents can offer them a much-needed break. For example, children right spend the night with their grandparents once or twce a month. This is 2 great option because perents can feel relaxed in the knowledge that their children are safe and secure with close relatives, [31] Their life experience and accumulated knowledge make them ideal advisors. Moreover, they can often be more objective than parents, who Sometimes worry about everything that bothers their child. Thus, a cid has somewhere else to tum if they are not comfortable sharing a problem with ther mother or father They can offer parents time away from their children every now and ‘then, but | think the most important thing they can do is to provide invaluable {advice to a child. This is because any good babysitter can lock after a child, but ‘grandparents are an incomparable source of life lessons and wiscom. As Alex Haley wrote, "Nobody can do for litle children what orandparents do.” ‘A. Inaddition, grandparents can be thereto offer ther guidance when the child needs it. B_ However, grandparents sometimes have trouble keeping up with the quickly changing wort. It cam be said that grandparents have an essential contibution to ‘make towards bringing up a child D_ On the whole, grandparents cleatly have a lot to contribute to bringing up a child E_ First ofall, randgarents can help by giving parents the occasional right of. F What is more, children are at a disadvantage when both parents D Linking Words & Phrases 3 Which linking words/phrases from Ex. 2: introduce and add points? introduce reasons, examples and results? conclude? show contrast? b. Replace the linking words/phrases in Boldin the essay in Ex.2 with appropriate ‘ones from the Useful anguan= box. Useful language * to introduce and add points: t t= Sst place, To startbegin with, ist of 2 Fs Secondly, Thirdly, Also, Finally, Last fe addition (to ths), Additional, Fatmermor= Moreover, Besides, etc + to introduce reasons, examples and results: For exampleinsiznce, such = = because, a5, since, In particular, Therion, for this reason, This would mean hath As result, Thus, Consequently, ln this ay. etc + to show contrast: On the other Mond However, yet, still but, Nevertheless Nonetheless, Although, Fren so, ‘though, Despite/n spite of (the face shat etc * to introduce a conclusion: In concusion, To conclude, To sum up, Allin al, All thins considered, On the whole, Taking everything. into consideration, ee 69D> Techniques for introductions and Conclusions In order to persuade readers to continue reaing, an effective introduction needs to grab their attention. To do this, an introduction can use one or more of several techniques. can: a start with an objective statement. eg. Our fist impression of someone i usualy corect start with a problem that needs a solution. eg. There are over {60,000 chen in care in the UK and al of them are in need of @ 00d home. ‘An effective conclusion surmmarises the points made and provides ‘a salisfactary end to the essay. To da this, a conclusion can use one bb make reference to a surprising scene or situation. eg. Medical or more of several techniques. can {technology will soon enable us to choose our baby’s ee colour, Rar give the reader something to consider. eg. fall parents had just cite ea eee eee ie ‘ne chil, the population would habe in just one generation adress the reader direct, eg. Hove you ever wondered tysome fy en with a quotation or saying e9.Assseph Addon si, “The oF your frends cre more sbccestt thon Othe? great sweetener of human life is friendship." dd start with a quotation o saying, eg. nthe seventeenth cent, + end with a chetorical question. eg. we dont look oft the aged John Donne wrote, “No mani an island,” and this stil tue Ov rey, who villook ater usin the yer to come? three hundred yeors later. end with an objective statement. eg. After al othough divorce is start with a rhetorical question. eg lit al possible to fie in there mast mariage stl do nt end in a recksp. society without having cise relationships with any other people? 4, Match the introductions to the conclusions, Which technique (a+) from the theory boxis used in each? [7] Anetaordinary 748 ofthe population have made a donation to cartyin site ofthe fet thatthe court is coring cut af the worst recesion in modem histo. But chatable ivng i ust one way of helping society. s donating to charity move effective than volunteering your time and effort? “The poet Alexander Pope wrote: “To erris human; to forgive divine.” Pope recognised that forgiveness was of vital importance despite its dificulty. Making mistakes is part of beeing human, but luckiy there are several ways to make it ceaser for us to forgive our friends and family Se TT] The Intemet has revolutionised the way we fptiete oder aresceetrind aca sniper acid BA Bon a ay ee ce fe see L_] Have you ever wondered what it would be lke to Fave no family? Growing up, we depend on our families for support and understanding 2s wel a5 for setting rules. Our families play many significant roles in our lives, but which of ‘them is the most important to us? Which expressions for giving opinions have been used alternatives from the box. [== Usell expressions for introducing opinions Ubelievesthink/fe! (that) strongly believe In my opinionNiew, The way |seeit, It seems! appears to me, (that) + Tomyrmind, (do not) agree My opinion is th + I eomplete) ag {As fat as | am concerned ‘A. All things considere, | believe it better for us to communicate face-to-face since this is more personal than just sending messages over the Intemet. Every day, | become more concerned that the internet is replacing most forms of human interaction. If we stop talking face-to- face, the only way we'll be speaking to each others through a screen, B_ Allin all, it seems ta me that tying to see things from the other person's perspective the better way to help us forgive our friends and ‘amily. This is because itis much easier to gain a fuller understanding of the situation in this way than by simply speaking our mind, However, if all ese fails, we can always turn to the words of Oscar Wile: forgive your enemies; nothing annoys them so much.” © To sum up, | think that the support and understanding young people get fom their families is more important since these are much more precious than the setting of rules. After ll, everywhere in our lives we find rules, but it is very rare to find others who know us well and accept us for who we are D In conclusion, | think that donating money is more effective than volunteering your time, This s because charities can choose how they spend your money, whereas many people do not have the skis that charities need in order to work most effective. But however you go about i ist the fact you are helping others in conclusions A-D in Ex. 4? Replace them with suitable (strongly) disagree that/ with Lam totaly against | couldn't agree more that with | couldn't disagree that/ with |.am totaly opposed to that at ee that/ with 70