Jakarta , November 14, 2008

No : 19/DGM-AUSEmb/Report/IX/08

Re : Technical Report and Recommendation on Wall-crack Problem at the House Building of the
Australian Embassy at Jln. Hang Tuah VI No. 4 Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan

To
Australian Embassy Jakarta
Jl. Rasuna Said Kav C 15-16
Jakarta Selatan

Attn.:Ms. Dini
Senior Property Officer

Dear Ms Dini,

Herewith we would like to submit the Technical Report and Recommendation as the result of our
investigation and analysis regarding the wall-crack problem at the house building of the Australian
Embassy at Jalan HangTuah VI no.4 Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan.

The Report and Recommendation which we prepared consists of:

1. Report of Direct field observation to the building

2. Analysis to field observation result

3. Analysis to As-built Drawings of the building

4. Conclusion to determine whether the crack is categorized as structural damage or just

non-structural damage (finishing)

5. Repair recommendation

We expect that this technical report meets your requirement and we would like to thank you for
your kind attention, good co-operation and trust to use our service.

Yours faithfully

PT. Daya Guna Mulia

Didit Herdianto
Director
TABLE OF CONTENTS:

• COVERING LETTER page 1

• TABLE OF CONTENTS page 2

• CHAPTER. I Preface page 3

• CHAPTER. II Direct Field Observation page 4

• CHAPTER. III Direct Field Observation Data Analysis page

 Crack goes through the wall page 15

 Crack doesn’t go through the wall page15

• CHAPTER. IV As Built Drawing Analysis

 Structural Analysis of the Building page 16

 Architectural Analysis of the Building page 17

• CHAPTER V. Conclusion page 18 - 19

• CHAPTER. VI Recommendation page 20 - 22

• ENCLOSURES
CHAPTER I: PREFACE

Based on the work order issued by the Australian Embassy to PT Daya Guna Mulia dated
October 21, 2008 which appointed us as the Advisor Consultant to investigate and provide repair
recommendation on the wall-crack problem at the house building of the Australian Embassy in
Jalan HangTuah VI no.4 Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan, we execute the work with scope of
work as follows:

1. Direct Field Observation

Conducting a direct field observation to the building, collect the data to all of cracked building
wall, and use this data for further technical analysis.

2. Direct Field Observation Data Analysis

Classifying the crack data in each wall rooms and analyze them based on visual data to
determine the possible cause of the cracks.

3. As Built Drawings Analysis

Studying and analyzing As-built Drawings which provide the actual work executed:

• Execution Of Structural Work of building

• Execution Of Architectural Work of the building

4. CONCLUSION

Giving Conclusion based on the study and analysis of the crack to determine whether it is a
structural damage or just a secondary/ non-structural damage [damage on finishing elements
only]

5. RECOMMENDATION

Providing recommendation regarding the possible repair method to overcome the crack problem.
Besides, this report also explain the possibilities that might happen after ‘limited’ repair works
have been done, since a total repair cannot be done because the building is already constructed,
especially those repairs related to main structure of the building.
CHAPTER II: Direct Field Observation

Direct Field Observation have been executed on Tuesday, October 28, 2008 in location of house
at Jln. Hang Tuah VI No. 4 Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan. The wall cracks in every room are
observed and documented.

The result of this direct field observation is categorized in three parts as follows:

1. One side non penetrating crack [type 1]

2. Two sides penetrating crack at the same crack line [type 2]

3. Observation to main beams and columns of the building.

A. Crack of Type 1, found at the following rooms:

1. R Keluarga, at wall void 2nd floor at the border with the outside( Photo 1 )

2. Roof , Swimming Pool side parapet wall ( Photo 2 )

3. External Wall of R Tidur Anak 3 ( Photo 3 )

4. Parapet Wall of Outside Void ( Photo 4 )

5. Parapet Wall above staircase ( Photo 5 )

6. Wall of R. Tamu ( Photo 6 )

7. Wall at R. Ganti at R. Tidur Utama ( Photo 7 )

8. Wall of KM of R. Tidur Utama ( Photo 8 and 16 )

9. Wall of KM of R. Tidur Anak 3 ( Photo 9 and 17 )

10. Wall of Staircase ( Photo 10 )

11. Wall above staircase area ( Photo 11 )

12. External Wall of R. Tidur Anak 3 ( Photo 12 and Foto 15 )

13. Wall of KM Pembantu ( Photo 13 )

14. Wall R. Tidur Tamu, close to the door ( Photo 14 )

15. Wall of KM near by R. Tidur Anak 2 ( Photo 18 )

16. Bathroom ( Photo 19 )

17. Outside wall of R. Tidur Anak 2, close to the window ( Photo 20 )

B. Crack of Type 2 found at the following rooms:

1. Wall of R. Home Theater ( Photo 21 ) crack penetrates through the corridor ( Photo 22 )
2. Wall of R. Serbaguna ( Photo 23 ) crack penetrates through R. Tidur Pembantu ( Photo 24)

3. Wall of R. Tidur Utama ( Photo 25 ) crack penetrates through the corridor ( Photo 26 )

4. Wall of R. Tidur Utama ( Photo 27 ) crack penetrates through R. Tidur Anak 1( Photo 28 )

5. Wall of R. Tidur Anak 1 ( Photo 29 ) crack penetrates through the corridor ( Photo 30 )

6. Wall of R. Tidur Anak 2 ( Photo 31 ) crack penetrates through outside wall ( Photo 32 )

7. Wall of R. Gudang ( Photo 33 ) crack penetrates through outside wall ( Photo 34 )

C. Observation to main beams and columns of the building.

No cracks found on visual observation to structure of building main-column at 1 st floor which

support 2nd floor structure and to structure of building main-column at 2 nd floor which support 3rd
floor structure.

No cracks found on visual observation to structure of building main-beam at 1 st floor which

support 2nd floor structure and to structure of building main-beam at 2 nd floor which support 3rd
floor structure.

Structural beam at 1st and 2nd floor inside the building cannot be observed because they are
already covered by ceiling.

Observed cracks only occurred limited to wall elements and practical columns only.
CHAPTER III: Direct Field Observation Data Analysis

Data obtained from direct field observation are analyzed to find the possible cause of the cracks
and at the same time identify the impact of the cracks to the whole construction of the building.

As mentioned above the cracks are classified into two categories:

1. One side non penetrating crack [type 1]

2. Two sides penetrating crack at the same crack line [type 2]

The possible causes of Crack type 1 are that during finishing work phase:

a. The brick material not properly dried/ burned

b. Inconsistency in the plaster composition and homogeneity

c. During plaster work the surface of brick wall are to dry/ not damped first

d. Improper repair work of plaster after chipping because of M&E installation.

The possible causes of Crack type 2 are:

a. Small deflection from main beam structures which supporting the brick wall. These deflections
cause tension forces to the brick wall elements which finally result to the cracks.

b. Non-uniform settlement of the foot-plate foundations which bear the load of the columns
supporting main beams which support the brick wall. These Non-uniform settlements cause
tension forces to the brick wall elements which finally results to the cracks.

The small deflection of the main beam structures and Non-uniform settlement of the foot-plate
foundations which cause the cracks are considered still within tolerance, because no cracks
found at the columns and main beams of the structure.
CHAPTER. IV: As Built Drawing Analysis

Analysis to As built drawings are as follows:

A. Structural Analysis of the Building

1. Based on the function, the building is categorized as housing building.

2. The building is of 3 floors and roofs which consists of:

a. 1st Floor, floor area of 345 sqm, consists of R. Tamu and foyer, R. Tidur Tamu and Toilet,
R. Keluarga, Pantry, R. Kerja, Mushalla, R. Makan, Dapur, R. Pembantu, Gudang and Garasi

b. 2nd Floor, floor area of 345 sqm, consists of: R. Tidur Utama + R. Ganti + Kamar Mandi,
R. Tidur Anak 1, R. Tidur Anak 2, R. Tidur AAK #+ Kamar Mandi, R. home Theatre, R. Serbaguna,
R. Pembantu 1,2 dan 3 + Kamar Mandi dan Gudang.

c. 3rd Floor, floor area 130 sqm, consists of: R. Attic, R. Jemur dan R. Terbuka.

d. Main Roof made of Timber Roof Frame with Roof Tile, glass roof at Void Area and
polycarbonate Roof near Water Tank.

3. Type of Building Foundation is local/ individual reinforced-concrete foot-plate (P1 till P5 )

and tied with reinforced-concrete tie beams ( TB1 size 200x400 mm and TB2 size 150x300mm ).

4. Main Column type is square reinforced-concrete 130mm wide (matching brick wall size )
with various other side sizes ( K1 – K6 ). Main Re-bars is plain 16 mm diameter, 4 to 10 nos each
and stirrup plain steel of 8 mm diameter 150mm spacing.

5. Main Beam type of 2nd Floor is square reinforced-concrete with various sizes (250x500
mm, 200x500mm, 200x400 mm, 200x300 mm, 200x600 mm, 100x600 mm ). Detail of
reinforcement-bar is not shown in the as-built drawing.

6. Detail of Main Beam of 3rd Floor is not available in the as-built drawings.

B. Architectural Analysis of the Building

1. Wall is made of brick with mortar comprises of sand and Portland cement

2. Wall plaster is made of sand and Portland cement

3. Skim-coat of Wall uses Portland cement

4. Wall paint uses emulsion type paint

5. Finishing of Kamar Mandi wall uses ceramic and granite tiles.

C. Conclusion of Analysis of As-built drawing documents are as follows:

1. Based on data from as built drawing documents, the design of main structure of the building
uses live-load for floor 250 kg/sqm complies with the function of the building ( housing ), the use
of shallow individual foot-plate reinforced concrete foundation at the area of South Jakarta, with
minimum concrete design strength of 225 kg/sqm ( concrete spec is not mentioned in the
documents ), reinforcement-bar U24 for plain bar, is considered safe.

2. For 3rd Floor Structure i.e. R. Attic which function is for sport activities, the live load may be
more than 250 kg/sqm (depends on the number of people using the room). Besides, the floor will
also be projected to dynamic loads which will have bad impact to the wall element which has low
resistance to movement/ deflection.

3. Generally, brick wall with plastered finish and skim coated are not able to withstand tension
forced caused by the deflection in the supporting beams. Thereby the dryness/ dampness of the
brick, consistency and homogeneity of the mortar composition play a big role in resisting the
tension force that may happen.

CHAPTER. V: Conclusion
Based on the followings:

1. Direct Field Observation .

2. Direct Field Observation Data Analysis

3. As Built Drawing Documents Analysis

A Conclusion can be drawn as follows:

1. Cracks that can be directly observed only occurred in brick-wall elements and not in the main
structure of the building (columns and beams). Unfortunately beams inside the building can not
be observed because already covered with ceiling.

2. The wall cracks are classified into two categories:

a. One side non penetrating crack [type 1]

b. Two sides penetrating crack at the same crack line [type 2].

3. The possible causes of Crack type 1 are that during finishing work phase:

a. The brick material not properly dried/ burned

b. Inconsistency in the plaster composition and homogeneity
c. During plaster work the surface of brick wall are to dry/ not damped first
d. Improper repair work of plaster after chipping because of M&E installation.

4. The possible causes of Crack type 2 are:

a. Small deflection from main beam structures which supporting the brick wall. These
deflections cause tension forces to the brick wall elements which finally result to the
cracks.

b. Non-uniform settlement of the foot-plate foundations which bear the load of the
columns supporting main beams which support the brick wall. These Non-uniform
settlements cause tension forces to the brick wall elements which finally results to the
cracks.

5. After studying and analyzing all the as-built drawings documents which reflect the actual works
executed on site, it is concluded that structural design of the building is still safe for 2 floors
housing-category building.

6. Cracks occurred at the wall elements is considered secondary/ non structural damage and
generally the main structure of the building is still in a relatively safe condition although small
deflection in the beams and Non-uniform settlement in the foot-plate foundations are detected.

7. The recommended Repair method is considered “limited” due to the condition that the building
is already constructed and it is not possible to do a total main structural repair.

8. The purpose of the “limited” repair method recommended is to rectify the cracks, whether it is
type 1 or 2. By applying this repair method, it cannot be guaranteed that future cracks will not
occur again. This is because there is still possibility of foundation settlement although very small
and thus not significantly effect the safety of the building structure, but will effect the wall
elements which is very sensitive to the tension forces which is caused by the movement of the
main structure of the building.
9. Recommended repair method will be explained at Recommendation chapter at this report.

CHAPTER. VI: RECOMMENDATION

In this chapter, recommendation of repair method will be explained taking into account all factors
in the previous chapters.

The Repair Method classified into four categories as follows:

1. Repair method to rectify “ HAIR CRACK “ at painted finish wall, that is crack type
which is very minor and occurs only at the surface of skim coat or paint finish.

2. Repair method to rectify “Type 1” crack at painted finish wall, i.e. cracks occur at
the paint finish, skim coat and plaster but not penetrating the brick wall.

3. Repair method to rectify “Type 1 “ crack at wall with ceramic tile finish/ Kamar
Mandi, i.e cracks occur at the ceramic tile and plaster but not penetrating the brick wall.

4. Repair method to rectify “Type 2 “ crack at painted finish wall, i.e. cracks occur at
the paint finish, skim coat, plaster and penetrating the brick wall to the other side of the
wall.

1. Repair method to rectify “ HAIR CRACK “ at painted finish wall.

The repair work shall be executed with the followings steps:

a. Clean the wall surface from any dirt and oil with damp cloth and then dry up with a dry
cloth.

b. Apply hair crack filler material / crack filler “ NOGaps “ product of Inter Aneka Lestari
Kimia ( material and technical data brochure attached ) by rubbing the cracks with “NOGaps”
bars.

c. Apply pressure/ flat out the surface using clean paper until all gaps are fully filled with
“NOGaps”.

d. After almost dry, clean the remaining “NOGaps” using clean paper.

e. After dried up, repaint the wall using the same material specification as the previous one
to ensure consistency of quality and color uniformity.

2. Repair method to rectify “Type 1” crack at painted finish wall

The repair work shall be executed with the followings steps:

a. Peel of 50 mm wide along the crack line until the depth of the crack.

b. Apply filler material “ Concrete Fill R200 “ product of Drymix Indonesia ( technical
brochures of material enclosed ) by using teethed trowel to fill the peeled surface with maximum
layer of 15 mm. If the peeled surface deeper than 15 mm apply the filler in two steps, max 15 mm
each.

c. After minimum 24 hour, apply “ Skimcoat” product of Drymix Indonesia (technical

brochures of material enclosed) on top of “ Concrete Fill R 200 “, then smooth the surface and
make it flush/ flat with the surrounding surface.

d. After dried up, repaint the wall using the same material specification as the previous one
to ensure consistency of quality and color uniformity.
3. Repair method to rectify “ Type 1 “ crack at wall with ceramic tile finish/ Kamar Mandi
The repair work shall be executed with the followings steps:

a. Take out the ceramic tiles at the cracked surface, then peel of 50 mm wide along the
crack line until the depth of the plaster

b. Apply filler material “ Concrete Fill R200 “ product of Drymix Indonesia ( technical
brochures of material enclosed ) by using teethed trowel to fill the peeled surface with maximum
layer of 15 mm. If the peeled surface deeper than 15 mm apply the filler in two steps, max 15 mm
each. Apply until flush with previous plaster surface

c. After minimum 24 hour, the new ceramic tile can be installed, using the same type and
color of the old one. Install the ceramic tile using “ Tile Adhesive T100 “ product of Drymix
Indonesia (technical brochures of material enclosed)

d. Then fill the gaps between ceramic tile with polyurethane sealant to make the joint
flexible thus more resistable to cracks.

4. Repair method to rectify “Type 2 “ crack at painted finish wall

The repair work shall be executed with the followings steps:

a. Peel of 50 mm wide both side of the wall, along the crack line until the depth of the
plaster and the brick is visible.

b. To fill the crack in the brick, use “Sika Grout 215” product of SIKA ( technical brochures
of material enclosed ). Fill until all crack are fully closed. To ensure good result, use pressurized
injection from one side and close the other side.

c. After crack in the brick is properly filled, apply filler material “ Concrete Fill R200 “
product of Drymix Indonesia ( technical brochures of material enclosed ) by using teethed trowel
to fill the peeled surface with maximum layer of 15 mm. If the peeled surface deeper than 15 mm
apply the filler in two steps, max 15 mm each. Apply until flush with previous plaster surface

d. After minimum 24 hour, apply “ Skimcoat” product of Drymix Indonesia (technical

brochures of material enclosed) on top of “ Concrete Fill R 200 “, then smooth the surface and
make it flush/ flat with the surrounding surface.

e. After the skim coat dried up, repaint the wall using the same material specification as the
previous one to ensure consistency of quality and color uniformity.

This concludes the recommended repair method for the cracked walls. It is to be once again
noted that this method is “limited” to be applied to overcome the existing cracks problem, and not
to overcome the problems in the main structural building due to the condition that the building is
already constructed.

Jakarta , 14 November 2008

PT. Daya Guna Mulia

Didit Herdianto
Director
ENCLOSURES:

1. Technical brochures of material “NOGaps” hair crack filler product of Inter Aneka Lestari
Kimia - Indonesia
2. Technical brochures of material “Concrete Fill R 200” product of Drymix Indonesia
3. Technical brochures of material “SkimCoat S 200” product of Drymix Indonesia
4. Technical brochures of material “Tile Adhesive T 100” product of Drymix Indonesia
5. Technical brochures of material “Sika Grout 215” product of SIKA
6. As Built Drawings
7. Work Order