GENERAL INFORMATION REVIEWER
It is also known as PHL-Microsat-1, a Philippine microsatellite FAMOUS WRITERS AND BOOKS
1. The first nation to launch a satellite and a man to space
(The Union of Soviet Socialist Republic)
2. Taiwan’s official name is ______. (Republic of China)
3. Who was the author of Catcher in the Rye? ( J.D. Salinger)
4. What was the most downloaded song on iTunes in the year
2012? (“Call me Maybe” – Carly Rae Jepsen)
5. Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago narrowly lost a presidential
election against which candidate? (Fidel Ramos)
6. Who was the Japanese emperor that presided over Japan’s
transition towards modernization? (Mutsohito)
7. When was the Ateneo founded? (1859)
8. When a human is infected with the Human Papillomavirus
(HPV), _____ may occur. (Warts)
9. Which celebrity is the father of Kim Kardashian’s child? (Kanye
West)
10. The South and North Korea are separated at which parallel? (38th
parallel)
11. Which writer wrote Historie de ma vie and became famous in
history for his womanizing? (Giacomo Casanova)
12. The Ottoman Empire had its beginnings where? (Anatolia)
13. Which is the 12th longest river in the world? (Mekong)
14. During the Seven Years’ War, which country occupied Manila
and most of Luzon. (Great Britain)
15. Which is not part of the United Kingdom? (Ireland)
16. What is inscribed on the gates of hell in Dante’s Inferno?
(“Abandon all hope, ye who enter here.”)
17. Who is the current manager of Reading Football Club? (Nigel
Adkins)
18. Who was the communist revolutionary who led a revolution in
Cuba, died in Bolivia, and then was immortalized in countless
T-shirts and merchandise? (Ernesto “Che” Guevara)
19. Which was the last dynasty to rule over China? (Qing)
20. Where are white blood cells in the human body made? (Bone
Marrow)
21. Which celebrity/personality has the most number of Twitter
followers? (Justin Bieber)
22. North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un was educated where?
(Switzerland)
23. Who made St. Peter’s Baldachin or Ciborium in St. Peter’s
Basilica? (Gian Lorenzo Bernini)
24. On the feast day of whom did the Imperial Japanese Army invade
the Philippines? (The Immaculate Conception)
25. In the War of the Austrian Succession, Frederick the Great of
Prussia took what part of Habsburg Austria and made it part of
Prussia? (Silesia)
26. Who shall have the exclusive power to initiate all cases of
impeachment? (House of Representatives)
27. Medinillia magnifica, or rose grape is a flowering plant native to the
Philippines. It is features on the newly-designed 10-peso coin
issued by the BSP last March 2018. What is the local name of this
plant? (Kapa-Kapa)
28. Political neutrality means that public official and employees :
(Shall provide service to anyone without unfair discrimination and
regardless of party affiliation or preference.)
29. Who is the principal law officer and legal defender of the Republic
of the Philippines. He/she represents the government in all
criminal proceedings in the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals.
(Solicitor General)
30. On January 1, 2018, the Republic Act No. 10963 widely known as
the TRAIN Law toom effect. What does TRAIN stand for? (Tax
Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion)
31.
launched to the International Space Station (ISS) in March 2016.
(Diwata 1) 1. He is the first Asian writer to receive the Nobel Prize.
32. She created history for the Philippines at the 2018 Asian Games (Rabindranath Tagore)
by winning the first ever gold medal for the Philippines in both 2. He is known as the father of horror stories. (Edgar Allan Poe)
women’s individual and women’s team event in Asian Games golf 3. He is known as the Father of Essays. (Francis Bacon)
competitions. (Yuka Saso) 4. He is a Filipino writer whose stories and poems depict Filipino-
33. RA 6713 is an act to uphold the time honored principle of public Spanish cultural beliefs and traditions. (Nick Joaquin)
office being a public trust, granting incentives and rewards for 5. He was the first Filipino National Artist for Literature awarded in
exemplary service, enumerating prohibited acts and providing 1973. (Jose Garcia Villa)
penalties for violations thereof and for other purposes. (Code of 6. He is a Filipino migrant whose fiction stories reflect the Filipino’s
Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and concept of American culture. (Bienvenido Santos)
Employees) 7. He is called a “comma poet” because he used commas
34. It was an ISIS affiliated local terrorist group which took over Marawi extensively in his works. (Jose Garcia Villa)
City. (Maute Group) 8. He is considered as the greatest English writer and also known
35. The three inherent powers of the state are the following except: as the “Bard of Avon”. (William Shakespeare)
a. Police Power 9. This Shakespeare’s play is a story of a man whose downfall was
b. Power of Eminent Domain caused by overwhelming ambition for power. (Macbeth)
c. Power of Taxation 10. This Omar Khayam’s work has the theme “Grasping pleasure
d. Power to Impeach while you can.” (Rubaiyat)
36. A tough but biodegradable netting that anchors the soil in sloping 11. This short story by Edgar Allan Poe has the theme which is
land and riverbanks thus, protecting against erosion. (Coconet) similar to the theme of “Poison Tree”. (The Cask of Amontillado)
37. The following government officials may be removed from office 12. This is a collection of Indian beast fables originally written in
through impeachment except the _______ (Senator) Sanskrit. (Panchatantra)
38. The Philippine Navy ship that made history by completing the 13. This is the first great work of English literature. (Beowulf)
country’s first ever pport call in Russia. (BRP Tarlac) 14. This is the greatest lyric poem in the literature of the world.
39. The current Speaker of the House of the 17 th Congress. (Gloria (Psalms of King David)
Macapagal Arroyo) 15. This is a folk song that originated in Pampanga. (Atin Cu
40. A GPS is a space-based navigation system that provides location PungSingsing)
and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or 16. He is known as the greatest Indian writer of all time.” (Kalidasa)
near the earth. GPS stand for? (Global Positioning System) 17. He is called the “Morning Star” of English literature. (Geoffrey
41. The Supreme Court shallbe composed of a Chief Justice and how Chaucer)
many Associates Justices? (14) 18. He is the first man to replace myth with natural laws. (Thales of
42. USB is an industry standard that connects computers and Melitus)
electronic devices like keyboards digicams, portable media 19. This is a collection of Indian sacred hymns. (Rig Veda)
devices, disk drivers, smartphones, and network adapters to any 20. This is a collection of Indian religious text. (Upanishad)
computer. USB stands for? (Universal Serial Bus) 21. He is regarded as the greatest haiku poet. (Matsuo Basho)
43. The Burj Khalifa has been the tallest building in the world since 22. He is recognized as the father of American literature.
2008 and it is 828 meters (2,717 ft) tall. It is found where? (Dubai) (Washington Irving)
44. It mandates the blending of cocodiesel or coco methyl ester 23. He was the first mythical geographer who was recognized due to
(CME) to all diesel fuel and bioethanol in gasoline sold across the his vivid descriptions of lands and people encountered by his
country. (Biofuels Act of 2006) hero, Ulysses. (Homer)
45. It is created under the Article IX of the 1987 Constitution. It is 24. He is a famous composer from Angono, Rizal, and was given a
mandated to adapt measures to promote morale, efficiency, National Artist Award. (Luis San Pedro)
integrity, responsiveness, progressiveness and courtesy in the 25. This is regarded as the most influential book in the history of
bureaucracy. (Civil Service Commission) English civilization. (The King James Bible)
46. It is the lowest rank among the commissioned officers in the 26. This is a popular Philippine secular poetry in octosyllabic
Bureau of Fire Protection. (Inspector) quatrains. (Korido)
47. It is a law in the Philippines that aims to address legal issues 27. It is a medieval German epic. (Nibelungenlied)
concerning online interactions and harmful internet behavior in 28. He is known as the master of “local color” because of his
the Philippines. It aims to prevent and punish cybercrime in the Pickwick Papers. (Charles Dickens)
country. (Cybercrime Prevention Act) 29. It is a story of a man’s effort to save his King from a monster.
48. In literature, after the climax, comes denouement which is what? (Beowulf)
(The final part of the play) 30. It is Jonathan Swift’s satire on human folly and stupidity.
49. The date when the Philippines won against China on its case on (Gulliver’s Travel)
the Permanent Court of Arbitration. (July 12, 2016) 31. He is a Philippine National Artist awardee for Literature, and used
50. He is the current Chief of the Bureau of Fire Protection (Fire free verse and espoused the dictum, "Art for art's sake“. (Jose
Director Leonard Ramos Banago) Garcia Villa)
32. This is known as epic of Ifugao. (Hud-hud)
33. These poems are often erotic and espouse CARPE DIEM or
“seize the day”. (Cavalier Poems)
34. This is known to be the very first successful short story in English
written in 1925 by Paz Marquez Benitez. (Dead Stars)
35. She wrote the most exquisite love poems of her time in “Sonnets 73. The world's tallest people (average 6'5") come from which 30. Sculptor of Rizal Monument? (Richard Kissling)
from the Portuguese”. (Elizabeth Barrett Browning) country? (Burundi0 31. Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human in
36. This is a very long poem about a pilgrimage from London to 74. The capital city of Chile is: (Santiago) space, making a 108-minute orbital flight in what spacecraft?
Canterbury. (Canterbury Tales) 75. The southernmost city in Canada is: (Windsor, Ontario) (Vostok 1)
37. He is a Japanese poet who won the Nobel Prize for literature in 76. Iraq is ________ of Iran. (West) 32. The teachings of what philosopher was record in “Analects”
1968. (Yasunari Kawabata) (Confucius)
38. This Indian epic which is considered as the longest poem ever 33. Invention of Johannes Guttenberg in 1440 that change the world.
written is made up of almost 100,000 couplets divided into 18 (Printing Press)
parvans or sections. (Mahabharata) GENERAL INFO REVIEWER 34. The 5th largest mall in Asia with a gross leasable area of
39. This was the era of knights, chivalry, and castles in English 5,360.00 (Sm City North Edsa)
literature. (Middle Ages) 1. Who invented the LEGO? (Ole Kirk Christiansen) 35. Venison is a meet came from? (Deer)
40. This is known as epic of Visaya. (Maragtas) 2. Who created the World Wide Web? (Tim Berners Lee) 36. Best known for her viral dubsmash videos and her role as Yaya
41. This a popular Philippine secular poetry in dodecasyllabic 3. Who created the 45 caliber gun? (Samuel Cott) Dub in Eat Bulaga (Nicomaine Dei Capili Mendoza)
quatrains. (Awit) 4. What is the real name of Barbie? (Barbara Millicent Roberts) 37. Highest grossing movie with 57, 686,306 number of sold tickets
42. He is popularly known as “HusengBatute”. (Jose Corazon de 5. Who created barbie? (Ruth Handler) for 2016. (Finding Dory)
Jesus) "HusengSisiw". (Jose Dela Cruz) 6. What is the highest grosiing movie with highest number of sold 38. If Yuri Gagarin was the first man in space, who was the second
43. This period of English literature literally means “rebirth” in French tickets for 2015? (Jurassic World) man in space? (Alan Sheppard)
(Renaissance) 7. What is the real name of FPJ? (Ronald Allan Kelley Poe) 39. What was Ghandis’s profession before he became the leader of
44. This is the first novel in English written by a Filipino writer in 8. What is the only exixting structure from the seven classic seven India? (Lawyer)
1921. (Child of Sorrow, ZoiloGalang) wonders from the list of Herodotus and the scholar Callimachus? 40. Who is the Miss Universe 2016? (Iris Mittinaere)
45. From which Francis Bacon’s essay is this line taken “Some (El Giza Pyramid – Egypt) 41. What is the peak of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? (Self
books are to be tasted, others are to be swallowed, and some 9. A contemporary effort to create list of seven natural natural Actualization)
few to be chewed and digested”? (Of Studies) wonder chosen through a global poll was organized. What is this 42. The Little Mermaid is ta bronze statue depicting a mermaid which
46. This is the National Epic of England. (Beowulf) wonder that accumulates the highest number of votes? (Amazon is displayed at what country? (Copenhagen, Denmark)
47. He is known as the Father of Tragedy. (Christopher Marlowe) Rainforest and River) 43. How can a man go 8 days without sleep? (He can sleep at night)
48. From which Shakespeare’s play are these lines taken “Good 10. What is the first warm blooded fish ever discovered? (Opah – 44. President Rodrigo Roa Duterte is born on? ( March 28, 1945)
night, good night! Parting is such a sweet sorrow that I shall say Lampis Guttatus) 45. In Rizal’s Calamba, Laguna ancestral home, there is a statue of
good night till it be morrow”? (Romeo and Juliet) 11. At the height of 7’7’’, who are the tallest of all NBA players young Rizal with a dog that the statue says is named?
49. He is the first black Nigerian writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize recorded in the history? (Manute Bol and George Muresan) (Verguenza)
for literature in 1986. (Wole Soyinka) 12. Is is the most played PC game on gaming platform as of Juy 46. “The journey of a thousand miles begin with a single step.” (Lao
50. This is an epic of Ilocanos. (Biag Ni Lam-Ang) 2015 by sharing playing time. (League of Legends) Tzu)
51. What is StevanJavellana’s 1947 novel that captured the moving 13. It is the number 1highest grossing game on both android and IOS 47. An adjective used to designate a retired professor, pastor,bishop
tale of the cruelty and the bravery of the war years? (Without according to industry research firm Cowen and Company. (Clash or other personages but allowed to retain their title as an honor.
Seeing the Dawn) of Clans) (Emeritus)
52. What is Carlos Bulosan’s 1946 literary work that tells about the 14. It is the first movie made in the Philippines and shown by the 48. HDMI stands for ? (High definition Multimedia Interface)
painful reality of the American dream? (America Is in the Heart) Filipino film maker Jose Nepomuceno (Dalagang Bukid) 49. The richest man in China as of Nov. 2014 and the 18th richest
53. He has been described as "arguably the most distinguished man 15. He is the 266th and current Pope of the Catholic Church, a title he person in the world with an estimated net worth of $241.1 Billion
of letters in English history”. (Samuel Johnson) holds ex officio as Bishop of Rome and sovereign of the Vatican according to Forbes Magazine. (Jack Ma)
54. This is the National Epic of America. (The Song of Hiawatha) City ( Jorge Mario Bergoglio) 50. What events in the Philippines is in some ways similar to the
55. This poem commemorates the life of a public leader, Abraham 16. The oldest tennis tournament in the world and is considered the Pasadena Tournament of Roses in the United States of
Lincoln. (O Captain! My Captain!) most prestigious (Wimbledon0 America? (Panagbenga Flower Pestival)
56. This literary work is believed to have triggered the American Civil 17. The structure in St. Petersburg, Russia built from 1732 to 1917 51. PAG-ASA stands for ? (Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and
War. (Uncle Tom’s Cabin) which is the official residence of the Russian Monarchs. (Winter Astronomical Services Administration)
57. What year did Albert Einstein die? (1955). Palace) 52. The executive power shall be vested in the? (President of the
58. Which is the largest planet in the solar system? (Jupiter) 18. It Is termed as the Boracay of the North. (Pagudpud) PH)
59. How many Presidents have there been of the USA? (Updated 19. Oldest Chinatown in the world is located at? (Binondo, Manila) 53. PHIVOLCS stands for? (Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
2014) (44) 20. Recently, the Philippines got a slot from the New Seven Urban Seimology)
60. What colour is Cerulean? (Blue) Wonders of the World. Where is this located? (Vigan, Ilocos Sur)
61. What are a group of Dolphins called? (Pod) 21. Most popular spice in the world? (Pepper) PHILIPPINE PRESIDENTS
62. Who discovered Penicillin? (Alexander Fleming) 22. What type of plant do prickly pears grown on? (Cactus)
63. What date was President John F Kennedy assassinated? 23. Which country supplies the world most olive oil? (Holland) Emilio Aguinaldo 1899-1901
(November 22 1963) 24. What type of food is nori? (Seaweed) One way to remember the first president of the Philippines First
64. How many men have walked on the moon? (12) 25. Longest hotel in the world which was completed ib early 2015? Republic is to look at the five peso coin. Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo's
65. Who has won the most Academy Awards? (Walt Disney) (First World Hotel) face used to grace the five peso bill (which is not used anymore).
66. What is the currency of Brazil? (Real) 26. Largest producer of Wine? (France) The back of the bill shows him holding the Philippine flag at the
67. What percentage of the world is covered in water? (71%) 27. Second most expensive coffe next to Panama’s Hacienda La celebration of the Philippine Independence Day.
68. China's population is how many times that of the U.S.A.? (4.6) Esmeralda which was from the feces of of civet cat originated in Contributions and Achievements:
69. How many continents are there on planet Earth? (7) Indonesia. (Kopi Luwak)  first (and only) president of the First Republic (Malolo Republic)
70. What is the largest country in Africa? (Sudan). 28. Who created the book Percy Jackson and the Olympians: Heroes  signed the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, creating a truce between the
71. What is the world's oldest, continually inhabited city? (Damascus, of the Olympus and Kane Chronicles? (Richard Russel “Rick” Spanish and Philippine revolutionaries
Syria) Riordan Jr.  known as the President of the Revolutionary Government
72. What is the predominant religion in the Philippines? (Christianity) 29. What is the length of the Great Wall of China? (8,851.8  led the Philippines in the Spanish-Philippine War and the
Kilometers or 5,500.3 miles) American-Philippine War
  youngest president, taking office at age 28
 longest-lived president, passing away at 94
Manuel L. Quezon, 1935-1944
After 34 years of Insular Government under American rule,
Philippine voters elected Manuel Luis Quezon first president of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines. He is known as the “Father of
National Language” (Ama ng Wikang Pambansa). He died of
tuberculosis in Saranac Lake, New York.
Contributions and Achievements:
 first Senate president elected as President of the Philippines
 first president elected through a national election
 first president under the Commonwealth
 created National Council of Education
 initiated women’s suffrage in the Philippines during the
Commonwealth
 approved Tagalog/Filipino as the national language of the
Philippines
 appears on the twenty-peso bill
 a province, a city, a bridge and a university in Manila are named
after him
 his body lies within the special monument on Quezon Memorial
Circle
José P. Laurel, 1943-1945
José P. Laurel's presidency is controversial. He was officially the
government's caretaker during the Japanese occupation of World
War II. Criticized as a traitor by some, his indictment for treason
was superseded later by an amnesty proclamation in 1948.
Contributions and Achievements:
 since the early 1960s, Laurel considered a legitimate president of
the Philippines
 organized KALIBAPI (Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong
Pilipinas, or Association for Service to the New Philippines), a
provisional government during Japanese occupation
 declared Martial Law and war between the Philippines and the
U.S./United Kingdom in 1944
 with his family, established the Lyceum of the Philippines
Sergio Osmeña, 1944-1946
Sergio Osmeña was the second president of the Commonwealth.
During his presidency, the Philippines joined the International
Monetary Fund.
Contributions and Achievements:
 became president at 65, making him the oldest person to hold
office
 first Visayan to become president
 joined with U.S. Gen. Douglas McArthur in Leyte on October 20,
1944 to begin restoration of Philippine freedom after Japanese
occupation
 Philippine National Bank was rehabilitated and the country joined
the International Monetary Fund during his presidency
 Bell Trade Act was approved by the U.S. Congress during his
presidency
 appears on the 50-peso bill
Manuel Roxas, 1946-1948
Manuel Roxas was the fifth president of the Philippines: the third
(and last) president under the Commonwealth, and the first
president of the Third Republic of the Philippines. He held office
for only one year, 10 months, and 18 days.
Contributions and Achievements:
 inaugurated as the first president of the new Republic after World
War II
 reconstruction from war damage and life without foreign rule
began during his presidency
 under his term, the Philippine Rehabilitation Act and Philippine
Trade Act laws were accepted by Congress
 appears on the 100-peso bill
Elpidio Quirino, 1948-1953
Elpidio Quirino served as vice president under Manuel Roxas.
When Roxas died in 1948, Quirino became president.
Contributions and Achievements:
 Hukbalahap guerrilla movement active during his presidency
 created Social Security Commission
 created Integrity Board to monitor graft and corruption
 Quezon City became capital of the Philippines in 1948
Ramon Magsaysay, 1953-1957
Ramon Magsaysay was born in Iba, Zambales. He was a military
governor and an engineer. He died in an aircraft disaster while
boarding the presidential plane.
Contributions and Achievements:
 Hukbalahap movement quelled during his presidency
 chairman of the Committee on Guerrilla Affairs
 first president sworn into office wearing Barong Tagalog during
inauguration
 presidency referred to as the Philippines' "Golden Years" for its
lack of corruption
 Philippines was ranked second in Asia’s clean and well-governed
countries during his presidency
 established National Resettlement and Rehabilitation
Administration (NARRA) among other agrarian reforms
Carlos P. Garcia, 1957-1961
A lawyer, poet, and teacher, Carlos P. Garcia also served as a
guerrilla leader during the Pacific War. Born in Bohol, Garcia
serviced as vice president under Ramon Magsaysay and as
secretary of Foreign Affairs for four years. He became president
when Magsaysay died in 1957.
Contributions and Achievements:
 known for “Filipino First Policy,” which favored Filipino businesses
over foreign investors
 established the Austerity Program focusing on Filipino trade and
commerce
 known as the “Prince of Visayan Poets” and the “Bard from Bohol”
 cultural arts was revived during his term
 was the first president to have his remains buried at the Libingan
ng mga Bayani
9. Diosdado Macapagal, 1961-1965
Born in Lubao, Pampanga, Diosdado Macapagal was a lawyer and
professor. His daughter Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was the 14th,
and second female, president of the Philippines.
Contributions and Achievements:
 established the first Land Reform Law, allowing for the purchase
of private farmland to be distributed in inexpensive, small lots to
the landless
 placed the Philippine peso on the currency exchange market
 declared June 12, 1898 to be Philippines’ Independence Day
 signed the Minimum Wage Law
 created the Philippine Veteran’s Bank
Ferdinand Marcos, 1965-1986
Born in Sarrat, Ilocos Norte, Ferdinand Edralin Marcos was a
lawyer and Senate President for three years. He was president for
21 years. He ruled under martial law and his dictatorship was
known for its corruption and brutality. Marcos was removed from
office after the People Power Revolution.
Contributions and Achievements:
 first president to win a second term
 declared Martial Law on Sept. 22, 1972
 increased the size of Philippine military and armed forces
 by 1980 the Philippine GNP was four times greater than 1972
 by 1986 the Philippines was one of the most indebted countries in
Asia
 built more schools, roads, bridges, hospitals, and other
infrastructure than all former presidents combined
 the only president whose remains are interred inside a refrigerated
crypt
Corazon Aquino, 1986-1992
The first woman president of the Philippines and the first woman
to become president of an Asian country, Corazon Aquino was
born in Paniqui, Tarlac. She was a prominent figure in the People
Power Revolution that brought down Ferdinand Marcos'
dictatorship. Her husband, Benigno Aquino Jr., was a senator
during the Marcos regime and its strongest critic. He was
assassinated while Marcos was still in power.
Contributions and Achievements:
 first woman to be president of the Philippines or any Asian country
 restored democracy
 abolished the 1973 Marcos Constitution and ushered in the new
Constitution of the Philippines
 reorganized the structure of the executive branch of government
 signed the Family Code of 1987, a major civil law reform, and 1191
Local Government Code, which reorganized the structure of the
executive branch of government
 initiated charitable and social activities helping the poor and the
needy
 named “Woman of the Year” in 1986 by Time magazine
 on the new 500-peso bill together with her husband Benigno
Aquino
Fidel V. Ramos, 1992-1998
Fidel V. Ramos was the chief-of-staff of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines before he became president. He was also a civil
engineer. As president, he restored economic growth and stability
in the country, even during the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997. He
is the first, and so far the only, non-Catholic president of the
Philippines.
Contributions and Achievements:
 oversaw Philippine economic growth
 presided over celebrations of Philippine Independence Centennial
in 1998
 received British Knighthood from the United Kingdom by Queen
Elizabeth II (Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St. Michael and
St. George)
 hosted the fourth Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Leader's
Summit in the Philippines in 1996
 Philippine Stock Exchange became an international favorite during
his presidency
 death penalty reinstated while he was in office
 signed peace agreement with the rebel Moro National Liberation
Front
Joseph Estrada, 1998-2001
Known as Erap, Joseph Estrada was the first president who had
been a famous film actor. His presidency was controversial. During
his years in office economic growth was slow and he faced
impeachment proceedings. He was ousted from the presidency in
2001. He was later convicted of stealing from the government but
was pardoned. He ran unsuccessfully for president in 2010.
Contributions and Achievements:
 during his presidency Moro Islamic Liberation Front headquarters
and camps were captured
  joined other leaders and politicians to try to amend the 1987
Constitution
 cited as one of the Three Outstanding Senators in 1989
 among the “Magnificent 12” who voted to terminate the agreement
that allows for U.S. control of Clark Airbase and Subic Naval Base
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, 2001-2010
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was the 14th, president of the Philippines
(and the second female president). The Oakwood Mutiny occurred
during her term. Arroyo oversaw road and infrastructure
improvements and higher economic growth that presidents before
her, but there was also controversy. The so-called "Hello Garci"
controversy involved recordings that allegedly captured Arroyo
ordering the rigging of the election that put her in office. In 2005
Arroyo faced impeachment proceedings related to the recordings
but the impeachment failed. After she had left office Arroyo faced
additional charges of election fraud and misuse of state funds.
Contributions and Achievements:
 second female president of the country
 first and only female vice-president of the Philippines so far
 first president to take oath outside Luzon
 former Economics professor at the Ateneo de Manila University,
where current president Benigno Aquino III was one of her
students
 ex-classmate of former U.S. President Bill Clinton at Georgetown
University’s Walsh School of Foreign Service, where she
maintained Dean’s list status
 oversaw higher economic growth than the past three presidents
before her
 peso became the best-performing currency of the year in Asia in
2007
 eVAT Law was implemented under her term
Benigno Aquino III, 2010-2016
Benigno Aquino III joined the House of Representatives and the
Senate before his presidency. He is the first president who is a
bachelor; he is unmarried and has no children.
Contributions and Achievements:
 created the no "wang-wang" (street siren) policy
 appointed statesman Jesse Robredo to serve as secretary of
Interior and Local Government in 2010, where Robredo served
until his death in 2012
 initiated K-12 education in the Philippines
 renamed the Office of the Press Secretary to Presidential
Communications Operations Office and appointed new officers
 suspended allowances and bonuses to Government Owed and
Controlled Corporation and Government Financial Institution
board members
 oversaw 7.1% growth of the Philippine economy in 2012
Rodrigo Roa Duterte, 2016- Present
Rodrigo Duterte, former mayor of Davao, ascended to the
presidency through a populist movement. His main campaign
slogan was “Change is Coming” and vowed to fight/eradicate
criminality and drugs within 3-6 months.
Contributions and Achievements:
 the Permanent Court of Arbitration awarded a landmarkvictory to
the Philippines, it has won on almost all of its arguments against
China.
 Instigated the foreign policy shift, from being a pro – US ally, to
more independent stance (or a pro – China stance)
PHILLIPPINE MONEY
20 Peso
PHP 20 NOTE OBVERSE
The front or obverse shows President Manuel L. Quezon (1878-1940),
president of the Philippine Commonwealth from 1935 until 1944, and
considered the Father of the National Language. This note, like the previous
20 Peso note, commemorates the declaration of Filipino as the National
Language in 1935. The Malacanan, the Philippine presidential palace, has
moved to the front.
PHP 20 NOTE REVERSE
On the back or reverse, you'll find the Banaue Rice Terraces and a Palm civet,
and a woven design from the Cordilleras.The Banaue Rice Terraces have been
carved into the Cordilleras mountains in central Luzon by Ifugao tribesmen over
thousands of years with very limited means.
The palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus philippinensis) is an indigenous
animal in the Philippines, and curiously related to the most expensive coffee in
the world, the coffee alamid, which is made from coffee beans eaten and partly
digested by palm civets, and collected from their droppings.
50 Peso
PHP 50 NOTE OBVERSE
The front shows President Sergio Osmena (1878-1961), was President of the
Philippines from 1944 to 1946. He had already become a member of the
assembly in 1907, at the age of 29. He was also present with the 1944 landing
of General Douglas McArthur in 1944. The "Leyte Landing" monument on Palo
beach, Leyte, that commemorates this event is also shown here.
PHP 50 NOTE REVERSE
The back displays Taal Lake and the giant trevally, and embroidery design from
Batangas. Taal Lake is the deepest freshwater lake in the country. Taal
volcano, an island in the middle of this lake is one of the worlds smallest
volcano's, and is still regularly active.
The giant trevally (Caranx ignobilis) is a fish that only lives in the water of Taal
Lake. It is locally known as Maliputo, and considered highly delicious.
100 Peso
PHP 100 NOTE OBVERSE
President Manuel A. Roxas (1892-1948) is honored on the front of the 100
Peso note. He was the first president of the Philippines after independence,
and died in office from a heart attack in 1948. Further depicted is the
Inauguration of the Third Republic on 4 July 1946, and the Central Bank of the
Philippines, of which Roxas initiated the foundation.
Some nationalists are happy that the American flag that was on the previous
note has been removed in this redesign. However, the United States eagle, as
well as the Spanish lion remain on the Philippine coat of arms depicted on all
Philippine notes.
PHP 100 NOTE REVERSE
The back depicts Mayon Volcano and a whale shark, and indigenous textile
from Bicol.
Mayon Volcano is an active stratovolcano in the province of Albay, in the Bicol
Region. This volcano is famous for its almost perfect cone shape.
The whale shark, (Rhincodon typus), locally known as the butanding, is the
largest living fish in the world, and can be found in Sorsogon, not far from
Mayon Volcano. Although it is a member of the shark family, it is a gentle giant
that feeds on plankton, and poises no danger to humans.
200 Peso
PHP 200 NOTE OBVERSE
The front carries the portrait of president Diosdado P. Macapagal (1910-1997),
father of former president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who also still poses on this
note, but now neatly tucked away in the lower-left corner, commemorating
EDSA People Power II. Also shown here is the Barasoain Church in Malolos,
Bulacan, where in 1898 General Emilio Aguinaldo declared independence from
Spanish colonial rule.
PHP 200 NOTE REVERSE
The back side shows the Chocolate Hills of Bohol, a Philippine tarsier, and
textile designs from the Visayas.
The Chocolate Hills are a characteristic karst landscape in central Bohol,
named after the chocolate-brown color they acquire at the end of the dry
season. The exact number of those 30 to 50 meter high mounds is under
dispute, but some claim to have counted 1268.
The Philippine tarsier (Tarsius syrichta) is a shy nocturnal animal, that can be
found in Bohol. One of the smallest primates in the world, it can be held in one's
hand, but still is capable to make jumps of three meters between trees. Besides
Bohol, it can be found in Samar, Leyte, and Mindanao.
500 Peso
PHP 500 NOTE OBVERSE
On the front of the 500 peso note, Senator Benigno Aquino Jr. (1932-1983) -
no longer frowning - is now joined by his wife, President Corazon C. Aquino
(1933-2009), who became president after the non-violent People Power
revolution ousted Marcos from office. This side further depicts the crowds who
participated in the People Power revolution and the monument for Sen.
Benigno Aquino Jr.
PHP 500 NOTE REVERSE
The back shows the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River, a blue-naped parrot,
and woven cloth from the Southern Philippines.
The Puerto Princesa Subterranean River is an eight kilometer long
underground river on Palawan, that winds through a huge cave.The blue-naped
parrot (Tanygnathus lucionensis) lives in the primary forests of Palawan and
Mindoro.
1000 Peso
PHP 1000 NOTE REVERSE
The 1000 peso note is the only one not to depict a former president. On it are
three World War II heros: Josefa Llanes Escoda (1898-1945), Vicente P. Lim
(1888-1944), and Jose Abad Santos (1886-1942).
Josefa Llanes Escoda was an advocate for women's rights, educator and social
worker. She founded the Girl Scouts of the Philippines, and edited a
newspaper. She was killed for helping prisoners of war during the Japanese
occupation.
Brigadier General Vicente P. Lim, was Chief of Staff of the Philippine Army,
who, although wounded, organized guerrilla activities. He was captured and
killed by the Japanese.
Jose Abad Santos was the Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court. He
refused to cooperate with the Japanese occupation forces, and was executed
for that.
PHP 1000 NOTE REVERSE
The reverse shows the Tubattaha Reef Marine Park, a South Sea pearl oyster,
and tinalak or ikat-dyed abaca cloth from Mindanoa.
Tubattaha Reef Marine Park, a nature reserve of 130,000 hectares in the Sulu
Sea is a unique underwater ecosystem. This huge coral reef is home to whales,
dolphins, turtles, sharks, and hundreds species of fish.
The South Sea pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima) can grow some of the largest
pearls in the world.
1 Centimo
1 CENTS OBVERSE
“Republika ng Pilipinas"
Three stars and the Sun (stylized representation of the PH flag)
Value: .1
Year of Minting
Mint Mark
1 CENTS REVERSE
Xanthostemon verdugonianus (Mangkono); logo of the Bangko Sentral ng
Pilipinas
5 Centimo
5 CENTS OBVERSE
“Republika ng Pilipinas”
Three stars and the Sun (stylized representation of the PH flag)
Value .05
Year of Minting
Mint Mark
5 CENTS REVERS
Calotropis gigantea (Kapal-Kapal Baging)
Logo of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas  A Farewell to Arms  Twice-Told Tales
25 Centimo  Fow Whom the Bell Tolls  The Scarlet Letter
25 CENTS OBVERSE Stephen King (PEN NAME : Richard Bachman)
“Republika ng Pilipinas”  It REGIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Three stars and the Sun (stylized representation of the PH flag)  The Shining REGION 1 – ILOCOS REGION
Value: .25 Theodor Seuss Geisel/ Dr. Seuss  Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Pangasinan
Year of Minting  The Cat in the Hat  REGIONAL CENTER: City of San Fernando
Mint Mark J.K Rowling (PEN NAME : Robert Galbraith) REGION 2 – CAGAYAN VALLEY
25 CENTS REVERSE  Harry Potter  Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya,Quirino
Dillenia philippinesis (Katmon); William Shakespeare  REGIONAL CENTER: City of Tuguegarao
Logo of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas  Romeo and Juliet REGION 3 – CENTRAL LUZON
1 Peso  Aurora, Bataan,Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Tarlac,
 Hamlet
PHP 1 COIN OBVERSE Zambales
 Macbeth
“Republika ng Pilipinas”  REGIONAL CENTER: City of San Fernando
Portrait of Jose Rizal  Othelio
REGION 4A – CALABARZON
Value 1  The Merchant and Vernice
 Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal
Year of Minting Edgar Allan Poe
 REGIONAL CENTER: City of Calamba
Mint Mark  The Raven REGION 4B – MIMAROPA
PHP 1 COIN REVERSE  The Sleeper  Marinduque, Occidental Mindoro, Oriental Mindoro, Palawan,
Vanda Sanderiana (Waling-waling) Jonathan Swift Romblon
Logo of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas  Gulliver’s Travels  REGIONAL CENTER: City of Calapan
5 Peso  Modest Proposal REGION 5 – BICOL REGION
PHP 5 COIN OBVERSE  A Tale of A Tub  Albay, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Catanduanes,
“Republika ng Pilipinas” Victor Hugo Masbate, Sorsogon
Portrait of Andres Bonifacio  Les Miserables  REGIONAL CENTER: City of Legazpi
Value 5  Notre- Dame De Paris REGION 6 – WESTERN VISAYAS
Microprint of “Republika ng Pilipinas” Georger Eliot (PEN NAME : Mary Anne Evans)  Aklan, Antique, Capiz, Guimaras, Iloilo, Negros Occidental
Year of Minting  The Mill on the Floss  REGIONAL CENTER: Iloilo
Mint Mark  Middle March REGION 7 – CENTRAL VISAYAS
PHP 5 COIN REVERSE  Silas Marner  Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental, Siquijor
Stronglydon macrobotrys (Tayabak) Mark Twain (PEN NAME : Samuel Clemens) FATHER OF AMERICAN LIT.  REGIONAL CENTER: City of Cebu
Logo of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas  The Adventures of Tom Sawyer REGION 8 –EASTERN VISAYAS
Microprint of “Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas”  Adventure of Huckleberry Finn  Biliran, Eastern Samar, Leyte, Northern Samar, Samar, Southern
10 Peso F. Scott Fitzgerald Samar
PHP 10 COIN OBVERSE  REGIONAL CENTER: City of Tacloban
 The Great Gatsby
“Republika ng Pilipinas” CS. Lewis REGION 9 – ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA
Portrait of Apolinario Mabini  Zambonaga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay
 The Chronicles of Narnia
Value 10  REGIONAL CENTER: City of Pagadian
Vladimir Nabokov
Microprint of “Republika ng Pilipinas” REGION 10 – Northern Mindanao
 Lolita
Year of Minting  Bukidnon, Camiguin, Lanao del Norte, Misamis Occidental,
Homer
Misamis Oriental
Mint Mark  The Illiad
 REGIONAL CENTER: City of Cagayan de Oro
 The Odyssey
REGION 11 – DAVAO REGION
PHP 10 COIN REVERSE Dante Alghieri
 Compostela Valley, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur,Davao
 The Divine Comedy Occidental, Davao Oriental
Medinilla magnifica (Kapa-kapa) Geoffrey Chaucer FATHER OF ENGLISH LIT.  REGIONAL CENTER: City of davao
 Canterbury Tales REGION 12 – SOCCSKSARGEN
Logo of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas Leo Tolstoy  Cotabato, Sarangani, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat
 War and Peace  REGIONAL CENTER: City of Koronadal
Microprint of “Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas”
 Anna Karenina REGION 13 – CARAGA
Microdots Herman Melville  Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Dinagat Islands, Surigao del
 Moby-Dick Norte, Surigao del Sur
AUTHORS AND THEIR FAMOUS WORKS James Joyce  REGIONAL CENTER: City of Butuan
 Ulysses
Charles Dickens Gustave Klaubert NCR – NATIONAL APITAL REGION
 Great Expectations  Madame Bovary
 A Christmas Carol Harper Lee  Caloocan, Las Pinas, Valenzuela, Mandaluyong, Marikina, Makati,
Jane Austen  To kill a Mockingbird Pasig, Pasay, Paranaque, Taguig, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Pateros,
 Pride and Prejudice T.S Eliot Quezon, City, San Juan, Malabon, Manila
 Sense and Sensibility  The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock  REGIONAL CENTER: Manila
Ernest Miller Hemingway  The Waste Land
 The Old Man and The Sea Nathaniel Hawthorne CAR – CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION
 The Sun Also Rises  The House of the Seven Gables
  Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mountain Province Astronomy Physical Universe Cronos Kronos Youngest of
 REGIONAL CENTER: City of Baguio (through observation Uranus. Father
Cartography Maps of Zeus
ARMM – AUTONOMOUS REGION IN MUSLIM MINDANAO Cosmology Universe and its origin Hades Pluto Underworld
(theoretical) Hephaestus Vulcan Forge
 Basilan, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanap, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi
Hydrology Water Demeter Ceres Harvest
 REGIONAL CENTER: Cotabato
Meteorology Weather Apollo Apollo Music,
Optics Light and Vision medicine
ZODIAC SIGNS Seismology Earthquakes Hermes Mercury Messenger of
Thermodynamics Heat the Gods
Capricorn Dec 22 – Jan 19 Persephone Proserpine Underworld
(Goddess)
Aquarius Jan 20 – Feb 18
LIFE SCIENCES Gaia Gaea Earth
Pisces Feb 19 – Mar 20
Aries Mar 21 – Apr 19 Cytology Cells
Ecology Organisms and their COUTRIES.CAPITAL.CURRENCY
Taurus Apr 20 – May 20 environment
Gemini May 21 – Jun 20 Entomology Insects COUNTRIES CURRENCY CAPITAL
Genetics Heredity Algeria Dinar Algiers
Cancer Jun 21 – Jul 22
Hematology Blood Argentina Peso Buenos Aires
Leo Jul 23 – Aug 22 Histology Microscopic structures Australia Australian Dollar Canberra
Virgo Aug 23 – Sep 22 of plants and animal Austria Euro Vienna
tissues Bahrain Dinar Manama
Libra Sep 23 – Oct 22
Ichthyology Fish Bangladesh Bangladeshi Taka Dhaka
Scorpio Oct 23 – Nov 21 Ornithology Birds Belgium Euro Brussels
Sagittarius Nov 22 – Dec 21 Physiology Body Functions Brazil Brazilian Real Brasilla
Phenology Periodic biological Cambodia Cambodian Real Pnom Penh
phenomena in relation Canada Canadian Dollar Ottawa
BIRTH STONES of climatic change China Yuan Beijing
Costa Rica Colon San Jose
January Garnet Cuba Peso Havana
February Amethyst SOCIAL SCIENCES Czech Republic Czech Koruna Prague
March Aquamarine Denmark Danish Krone Copenhagen
Anthropology Human culture and
April Diamond Greece Euro Athens
development
May Emerald Haiti Haitian Gourde Port-au-Prince
Archeology Ancient culture
June Alexandrite through material Iran Rial Tehran
July Ruby evidence (remains) Iraq Dinar Baghdad
August Peridot Cryptography Codes Israel Shekel Jerusalem
September Sapphire economics Goods and Services Jamaica Jamaican Dollar Kinsgton
October Pink Tourmaline Eugenics Hereditary kenya Shilling Nairobi
November Topaz Improvements Laos Lao Kip Vientiane
December Zircon Paleontology Ancient life through Lebanon Lebanese Pound Beirut
fossils Malaysia Ringgit Kuala Lumpur
Penology Prisons Mongolia Mongolia torog Ulan ator
STUDIES/FIELDS Phonology Speech Sounds Norway Norwegian Krone Oslo
Psychology Behavior Poland Zloty Warsaw
Cardiology Heart Russia Rubie Moscow
Theology Religion
Dietetics Food and Nutrition Saudi Arabia Riyal Riyadh
Geriatics Elderly Patients Syria Syrian pound Damascus
Hepatology Liver GREEK & ROMAN GODS Thailand Baht Bangkok
Nephrology Kidney Turkey Lira Ankara
Nuerology Nervous System GREEK ROMAN GOD/ESS OF United Arab Emirates Dirham Abu Dhabi
Oncology Cancer Zues Jupiter King of the
Otology Ear Gods
Pathology Disease Hera Juno Marriage FORMER CITIES AND COUNTRIES NAMES
Pediatrics Children Dionysus Bacchus Wine
Toxicology Poison Athena Minerva Wisdom CURRENT NAME FORMER NAME
NATURAL SCIENCE Aphrodite Venus Beauty Istanbul, Turkey Constantinople, Turkey
Eros Cupid Love Beijing, China Peking, China
Acoustics Sound Poseidon Neptune Sea Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Saigon, Vietnam
Mumbai, India Bombay, India
 Tokyo, Japan Edo, Japan Jose Corazon de Huseng Batute Ang Isang Punong
Jesus Kahoy
Amado Hernandez Julio Abril Isang DIpang Langit
Bangladesh East Pakistan (Poet of the Laborers)
Cambodia Kampuchea Severino Reyes Lola Basyang Walang Sugat
France Gaul (Father of the Tagalog Mga Kwento ni Lola
Ghana Gold Coast Plays) Basyang
Germany Prussia Lope K. Santos Doktor Lukas Banaag at Sikat
Iran Persia (Father of the Tagalog
Iraq Mesopotamia Grammar)
Myanmar Burma Epifanio delos Santos G. Solon
Sri Lanka Ceylon Virgiolio Almario Rio Alma
Taiwan Formosa
Thailand Siam
Zimbabwe Rhodesia FILIPINO ARTISTS.

NAME WORK
NATURAL LANDMARKS Julian Felipe Music for PH National Anthem
Jose Palma Lyrics for PH National Anthem
LANDMARK PLACE Marcela Agoncillo Principal Seamstress of PH Flag
Corregidor Island Mariveles, Bataan Nicanor Abelardo Composer of Kundiman Songs
Heritage City of Vigan Ilocos, Sur Cecille Licad Classical piano virtuoso “a pianist’s
Tirad Pass Ilocos, Sur pianist”
Fort Santiago Manila, City John Lesaca Renowned Violinist
Magellan’s Cross Cebu, City Francesca Reyes Aquino Folk Dance pioneer “Mother of
Pinaglabanan Shrine San Juan, City Philippine Dancing”
Malacanang Palace Manila, City Juan Luna Spolarium
Rizal Park Manila, City Fernando Amorsolo Portraitist and painter of rural
Leyte Landing Memorial Palo, Leyte Philippine Landscape
Dambana ng Kagitingan Mt. Samat, Pilar Bataan Botong Francisco Muralist
Guillermo Tolentino Bonifacio Monument , UP Oblation

PEN NAMES.

HERO/WRITER PEN NAME WORKS

Jose Rizal Dimasalang, Laong- Noli Me Tangere
laan El Filibusterismo
Mi Ultimo Adios
Marcel H. del Pilar Plaridel, Piping Dilat, Kalingat Kayo
Dolores Manapat Diariong Tagalog
Graciano Lopez- Fary Botod, La
Jaena Solidaridad
Mariano Ponce Tikbalang, Kalputako,
Naning
Pedro Paterno Ninay (First Filipino
Novel)
Jose ma. Panganiban Jomapa
Juan Luna Buan
Andres Bonifacio Agapito Bagumbayan, Ang Dapat Mabatid ng
(Founder of May Pag-asa mga Tagalog
Katipunan) Pag-ibig sa
Tinubuang Lupa
Emilio Jacinto (Utak Dimas-Ilaw, Pingkian Kartilya ng Katipunan
ng Katipunan)
Apolinario Mabini Paralitico
(Utak ng Rebolusyon)
Antonio Luna Taga-Ilog
Jose Palma Ana-haw Himno Nacional
Filipino
Emilio Aguinaldo Magdalo
Francisco Baltazar Francisco Balagtas Florante at Laura