1. Karaoke: Invented in 1975 by Roberto del Rosario.

I really thought this was a

Japanese invention, despite its’ popularity here, and I was completely wrong. A brilliant
guy, he invented many other musical devices, but Karaoke will always be remembered
as his greatest triumph (or bane to humankind, depending on your point of view.)
2. Medical Incubator: Invented in 1941 by Fe del Mundo. She was the first Asian
student in Harvard’s School of medicine. Countless young lives were saved by her
invention and genius.
3. Moon Buggy: Invented in 1968 by Eduardo San Juan. He was the project leader for
NASA in the buggy development: An underfunded and underappreciated engineering
success. This one has special significance to me, due to my Grandfather working at the
Cape in the early space program. The moon buggy allowed greater exploration of the
Moon, yet Eduardo San Juan’s contribution has been relegated largely to status as a
footnote.
4. Erythromycin: Invented (Discovered) by Dr. Abelardo Aguilar in 1949. He sent a
sample to Eli Lilly, who promptly stole the idea and patented it, and later marketed it
successfully. Remember kids, this is why the great inventors always go to attorneys
first… He never received a single peso from his product, that saved millions of lives
(Thank him if you are allergic to penicillin!).
5. Yoyo: Invented as a hunting weapon by the ancient Filipinos, probably in the
Visayas. “Discovered” when Magellan landed.
6. Video Phone: Invented by Gregorio Zara, in 1955 no less! When James Bond was
using one in Dr. No, it had already been in existence a number of years. This is the
predecessor of the camera in your mobile!
7. Computer Microchips: Many types were invented by Diosdado Banatao, beginning
with the world’s first 16-bit chip in 1972, which he invented while working at
Commodore. This led to the development of GUI (The thing that makes the graphics on
this page…). Why should you care? Without GUI, you would now be looking at a page
filled with nothing but a bunch of ones and zeroes.
8. Isolated Rice Breeds: In 1966, Dr. Rodolfo Aquino isolated nine specific breeds of
rice for the International Rice Research Institute. His discoveries helped prevent famine
in much of Asia, and were nearly solely responsible for Thailand and Vietnam becoming
the world’s leading rice producers (A spot once solely occupied by the Philippines.).
9. Drug Detection: Dr. Enrique Ostrea developed the method for detecting drug use by
pregnant females by detecting traces in the baby’s stools. His method is used by
doctors worldwide in diagnosing drug dependency in infants.
10. Jeepney: Immediate post-war, and the most common form of transportation in the
country today. A Filipino invention, though born from necessity, ingenuity, and thrift.
Archimedes (287 - 212 BC)
A very versatile personality, Archimedes was a mathematician, physicist, astronomer,
engineer, and a very successful inventor. He was popular for his ingenious thinking,
and was responsible for developing many innovative machines. He is best known for
formulating the method for finding the exact volume of an irregularly shaped object.
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
Galileo Galilei was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, engineer, and
philosopher. He is known as the father of modern observational astronomy, the father
of modern physics, and also the father of modern science. From among his several
inventions and discoveries, Galileo is best known for his contributions to astronomy.
Using the telescope, he was able to confirm the phases of planet Venus, discover and
document the four largest satellites of planet Jupiter, which have been named as
Galilean moons in his honor, and also observe and analyze sunspots. He even
championed the theory of a heliocentricism, at a time when most of the world
supported geocentricism.
Sir Isaac Newton (1642 - 1726)
Sir Isaac Newton was an English physicist and mathematician, who is widely
recognized as one of the greatest and most influential scientists of all time. He played
a key role in the development of calculus, and through his extensive study of light,
made the first practical reflecting telescope, a technology which till date is used to
study the heavens. But perhaps the most important and famous of his discoveries was
that of gravity. Newton was able to, not only describe why an apple fell towards the
Earth rather than fly away from it, but also provide the mathematical basis for this
theory, and describe the motion of objects. His discoveries went on to lay the
foundation of classical mechanics, and are considered to be some of the most
significant contributions to the world of physics.
Thomas Alva Edison (1847 - 1931)
Among the numerous inventions of Thomas Alva Edison, the most prominent one is
the electric bulb, which is still used today to light up our nights. Apart from that, he
also invented a number of useful instruments, including the telegraph devices,
phonograph, carbon transmitter, direct current generator, gramophone - which was the
improved version of the phonograph, the dictating machine, universal electric motor,
besides many others.
Sir Alexander Fleming (1881 - 1955)
Sir Alexander Fleming worked in the army medical corp in the First World War,
where he witnessed many soldiers die from sepsis resulting from infected wounds. He
began actively searching for antibacterial agents, until he discovered the drug
penicillin, which revolutionized modern medicine science, by becoming the world's
first antibiotic.
Michael Faraday (1791 - 1867)
Michael Faraday was an English physicist, who made some of the most significant
contributions to the fields of electromagnetism and electro-chemistry. Although his
formal education was scarce, through extensive research and experimentation, he was
able to discover the principle of electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, and then
put forth the laws of electrolysis. He invented the electromagnetic rotary devices,
which laid the foundation for the development of the electric motors, which today are
the main workhorses of most industries.
Alexander Graham Bell (1857 - 1922)
It was during his experiments with the telegraph that Alexander Graham Bell thought
up the concept of the telephone, which, without a question, is one of the most useful
inventions of all time. Bell himself, however, considered the telephone to be
intruding, and did not have a telephone at his place of work.
Albert Einstein (1879 - 1955)
Albert Einstein was a German theoretical physicist, who is widely regarded as one of
the greatest minds of modern times. He was wholly responsible for the development
of the modern theory of gravity, and partly responsible for the development of
quantum mechanics, both of which are the pillars of modern physics. His special and
general theories of relativity have captured the minds of the scientific community for
decades, and are thought to be so complex that very few people are able to actually
grasp their full extent. Einstein is best known for his equation E=mc2, which gives the
relation between energy and mass, and forms the basis of atomic energy generation.
Frederick Banting (1891 - 1941)
He started with his education in politics, but ended up shifting to medicine. He
completed his MD in the year 1916, and served as a doctor in World War I, attending
to many wounded soldiers. Banting's real interest was in diabetes and its cure, which
he worked on with another scientist named Dr. Charles Best. He discovered the
hormone insulin, and became the first person to successfully use it on humans.
Stephen William Hawking (1942 - present)
Stephen William Hawking is an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, author, as
well as the Director of Research at the Center for Theoretical Cosmology in the
University of Cambridge. From the age of 21, Hawking has been suffering from a
slow-progressing form of ALS, which has gradually paralyzed him over the years.
However, that didn't stop him from becoming one of the most famous scientists of
modern times. He collaborated with Roger Penrose, and proposed the gravitational
singularity theorems in the framework of general relativity. He later went on to predict
that black holes emitted radiation, a phenomenon which has been named Hawking
radiation, in his honor. He was also the first to try to explain cosmology, by a
unification of general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics.
Other Notable Scientists
Scientist Invention
Benjamin Franklin Electricity
Wright Brothers Airplane
James Watt Steam Engine
Alessandro Volta Electric Cell
Edward Teller Hydrogen Bomb
Compression Ignition
Rudolf Diesel
Engine
John Browning Automatic Firearms
Louis Braille Braille System
Tim Berners-Lee World Wide Web
Charles Babbage Computer
Marie Curie Radioactivity
Niels Bohr Bohr Theory of the Atom
Wilhelm Conrad
X-rays
Rontgen
Joseph John Thomson Mass Spectrograph
William Thompson Kelvin Temperature Scale
Robert Bunsen Cesium and Rubidium
John Dalton Atomic Theory
• KLIMA – tumutukoy sa kalagayang atmospera ng isang bansa sa mahabang panahon hal.
tag-ulan, tag-init, tag-lamig,tag-lagas at tag-sibol
• PANAHON – tumutukoy sa kalagayang atmospera ng isang lugar sa nakatakdang oras.

1. HILAGANG ASYA -Sentral Kontinental. Mahaba ang taglamig na karaniwang tumatagal ng

anim na buwan, at maigsi ang tag-init, ngunit may ilang mga lugar na nagtataglay ng
matabang lupa. Gayunpaman, malaking bahagi ng rehiyon ay hindi kayang panirahan ng tao
dahil sa sobrang lamig.
2.KANLURANG ASYA- Hindi palagian ang klima. Maaaring magkaroon ng labis o di kaya’y
katamtamang init o lamig ang lugar na ito. Bihira at halos hindi nakakaranas ng ulan ang
malaking bahagi ng rehiyon. Kung umulan man, into’y kadalasang bumabagsak lamang sa
mga pook na malapit sa dagat.
3.TIMOG ASYA -Iba-iba ang klima sa loob ng isang taon. Mahalumigmig kung Hunyo
hanggang Setyembre, taglamig kung buwan ng Disyembre hanggang Pebrero, at kung
Marso hanggang Mayo, tag-init at tagtuyot. Nananatili malamig dahil sa niyebe o yelo ang
Himalayas at ibang bahagi ng rehiyon.
4.SILANGANG ASYA- Monsoon Climate ang uri ng klima ng rehiyon. Dahil sa lawak ng
rehiyong into, ang mga bansa dito ay nakakaranas ng iba-ibang panahon- mainit na
panahon para sa mga bansang nasa mababang latitude, malamig at nababalutan naman ng
yelo ang ilang bahagi ng rehiyon.
5.TIMOG - SILANGANG ASYA -Halos lahat ng bansa sa rehiyon ay may klimang tropikal,
nakararanas ng tag-init, taglamig, tag-araw at tag-ulan.

Dalawang (2) Uri ng Monsoon

Hanging Habagat - Ang hanging habagat ay tinatawag ding southwest moonsoon,

nagmumula sa karagatan patungong kontinente.. Ito ay nanggagaling sa timog kanluran.
Karaniwang malakas pagbuhos ng pag-ulan na nagdudulot ng pagbaha kapag habagat.
Hanging Amihan - malamig na hangin mula sa timog-kanluran na nagdadala nga
bagyo.Hanging Amihan o Northeast Monsoon na nagmumula sa Siberia patungong
Karagatan