Exerc! (01 Select correct statement - (A)__.p. of 1 molal NaCl solution is twice that of 1 molal sucrose solution (8) bp. elevation of 1 molal glucose Solution Is half of the 1 mola! KCI solution (C) bp. is a colligative property (0) All of the above Total vapour pressure of mixture of 1 mot volatile component A(p®4 = 100 mmHg) and 3 mol of volatile component B (p% = 60 mmHg) is 75 mm, For such case - (A) there Is positive deviation from Raoult's: ow (6) boiling point has been lowered (C) force of attraction between A and B is. smaller than that between A and A or between 8 and 6 (©) All the above statements are correct ‘At a given temperature, total vapour Pressure in Torr of a mixture of volatile components A and B is given by P= 120 - 75 Xp hence, vapour pressure of pure A and 8 respectively (in Torr) are - (A) 120, 75 (8) 120, 195° (C) 120945) (0) 75, 45: Van't Hoffféctors of aqueous solutions of x, Y, Z are 1.8, 0.8 and 2.5, Hence their - (A) bp. FY < KX ePa)> Ps (B).Py > Pr > Pr (©) Py > Py > Py (0) Py > Py > Py ‘The Osmotic pressure of a solution of benzoic acid dissolved in benzene is less than expected because - (A) Benzoic acid is an organic solute (8) Benzene is a non-polar solvent (C) Benzoic acid dissociates in benzene (0) Benzole acid gets associated in benzene Assuming each salt to be completely dissociated which of the following will have highest osmotic pressure- (A) Decimolar Al3(S0,)3 (8) Decimolar BaCly {C) Decimolar NazS0, {D) A solution obtained by mixing equal volumes of (B) and (C) and filtering Which one of the following pairs of solution can we expect to be isotonic at the same temperature- (A) 0.1 M urea and 0.1 M NaCl (8) 0.1 M urea and 0.2 M MgCl, (C) 0.1 M NaCl and 0.1M Na,SO, (0) 0.1 M Ca(NO3), and 0.1 'M NazSO, For a solution containing non-volatile solute, the relative lowering of vapour pressure Is 0.2, If the solution contains 5 moles in all,1“ 15. 16. 17. 18 19. which of the following are true ? I. Mole fraction of solute in the solution is 02 TL. No. of moles of solute in the solution is 0.2 TIL, No. of moles of solvent in the solution is 4 IV, Mole fraction of solvent is 0.2 - (A) 1, 1V (8) 1, I (C) 1, (0) M1, IV ‘A complex containing K*: Pt (IV) and CI- is 100% lonised giving | = 3. Thus, complex is (A) Kp {Pec} (B) K2LPtClg] (C) K3LPrCig} (0) K{Ptcl] If pK, = ~ log K, = 4, and Ky = Ca then van't Hoff factor for weak monobasic acid when C = 0.01 M is - (A) 0.01, (8) 1.02 (C) 1.10 (0) 1.20 pH of 1M HA (weak acid) is 2. Hence vant Hoff factor is - (A) 12 (c) La (8) 1.02 (0) 1.01 In which case van't Moff factor is\maximum, (A) KCI, 50% ionised (8) K,S0, 40% lonised (C), FeCl; 3096 Tonised (0) SnClg, 20% ionised If 18 gram of glucose (C,H, 20g) is present in 1000 gram of an aqueous solution of glucose It is said to be- (A) 39.2 gram (8) 1.1 molal (C) 0.5 molal (D) 0.1 mola! What is the molarity of H)S0, solution that has 2 density of 1.84 gm/cc at 35°C and contains 98% by weight- (A) 4.18 M (8) 8.14 (C) 18.4. (0) 18 In order to prepare 100 cm? of 0.250 M barium chloride solution the amount of BaCl;.2H,0 required will be- (A) 0.250 moles (8) 0.0025 moles (C) 2.5 moles (0) 6.1 gram of Bacl,.24,0 a. 24. For an ideal binary liquid solution with P > Pj 25 mL of 3 M HCI were added to 75 mL of 0.05 M HC. The molarity of HCI in the resulting solution Is approximately - (A) 0.055 (8) 0.35 (C) 0.787 M (D) 3.05 M (0.2 mole of HCI and 0.1 mole of CaCl, were dissolved in water to have 500 mi of solution, the molarity of CI” ions is (A) 0.04 M (8) 0.8 M (c) 04M (0) 0.08 M When 5.0 gram of BaCl, Is dissolved in water to have 106 gram of solution. The concentration of solution is- (A) 2.5 ppm (8) 5 ppm. (5M (0) Smit which relation between X, (moletraction of Ain liquid phase) and ¥, (mole fraction’of A in vapour phase) is correct? AY<% @x>% YX Ya Xe OX Oye 25. Mole fraction of A vapours above the solution in mixture of A and B(x, = 0.4) will be Pf = 100mm Hg end R = 200mm Hg) (80.8 (0) None of these 26. The exact mathematical expression of Raoult's inwie P-PRon (ay ah PP-P, - © a (0) PSR nan 27a mature contains 1 mole of volatile liquid A (P2 = 100 mm Hg) and 3 moles volable qd B(P? = 80 mniig). If sclution behaves ideally, the total vapour pressure of the distilate is (A) 85mm Hg (8)85.88 mmHg (90mm Hg (0)92mmHg28. Which of the following aqueous solution will show ‘maximum vapour pressure at 300 K? (A). M Nac (8) 1MCacl, (aM, (0) 1MC,H,,0,, 29._ The Van't Hoff factor fora dilute aqueous solution of glucose is (A) zero (B) 1.0 (C) 1S (0)2.0 30. The correct relationship between the baling points of very dilute solution of AICI, (T,K) and CaCh(T,k) having the same molar concentration is AT =T, (8)T,>T, (C)T,>T, (0)T, <7, 31. 0.001 molal solution of a complex [MA,] in water hnas the freezing point of ~0.00548C., Assuming 100% ionization of the complex salt and K, for H,0 = 1.86 Km, write the correct representation for the complex (A)IMA,] (B)[MA,JA (C) (MAJA, (0) [MAJA, '32._The vapour pressure of a solution of a non-volatile electrolyte B in 2 solvent A is 95% of the vapour Dressure of the solvent at the same temperature. If the molecular weight of the solvent is 0.3 times the molecular weight of solute, the weight ratio of the solvent and solute are (A015 (8)5.7 — (C)O2 ~—(D).4.0 33. Ata given temperature; total vapour pressure in Torr of 3 mixture of volatile components A and B is given by Paw = 120~ 75%, hence, vapour pressure of pure A and B respectively (in Torr) are (A) 120, 75 (B) 120, 195 (C) 120,45 (0) 75, 45 34, Assuming each salt to be 90% dissociated, which Of the following will have highest boiling point? (A)Decimolar Al,(SO,), (€) Decimolar BoC, (C) Decimolar Na,SO, (D) A solution obtained by mixing equal volumes of (B) and (C) 35. The vapour pressure of a solvent decreased by 10 mm of Hg when a non-volatile solute was added to {the solvent. The mole fraction of solute in solution is. 0.2, what would be mole fraction of the solvent if ‘decrease in vapour pressure is 20 mm of Hg. (0.2 (8)04 = (C)0.6 (00.8 36. Elevation of boiling point of 1 molar aqueous ‘lucose solution (density = 1.2 g/ml) is (AYK, — (B)1.20K, (C)1.02K, (0) 0.98K, ‘37, What will be the molecular weight of CaCl, determined in its aq. solution experimentally from ‘depression of freezing point? (ay 11 (e)< ait (>a (D) data insufficient 36, 0 mall aqueous solution of anclectoite AB 1s 60% ionised. The boiling point of the solution at { tM Is (Koyo) = 0.S2Kkgmot” ) (4)274.76K (2)377k (€)376.4K« (0)374.76K 39. Which of the following plots represents an ideal binary mixture? ) Pot of Py ¥/8 1/%y i near (X, mole fraction of Fintique pase) |e SneeT (B) Plot of P.,,, v/s Y, is linear(Yy= mole fraction of °K’ In vapour phase) (€) Plot of pi Ws Y's near (D) Plot of pE- v/s ¥,15:non linear 40. Pressure aver ideal binary liquid mixture containing 10 moles each of liquid A and B's gradually decreased \sothermally. If P? = 200mm Hg and P? = 100 mm Hg, find the pressure at which haf ofthe liquids converted into vapour. (A) 150 men Hg (C) 133mm Hg 41. Two liquids A B form an ideal solution. What is the vapour pressure of solution containing 2 moles of ‘Aand 3 moles of B at 300 K? [Given * At 300 K, ‘Vapour pr. of pure liquid A(P?) = 100 torr, Vapour pr. of ure liquid BA) = 300torr] (A) 200 torr (8) 140 torr (C) 180 torr (0) None of these 42. Which of the following represents correctly the ‘changes in the changes in thermodynamic properties Glucose + Fructose. If the boiling point of solution is 100.278C., (a) What Is the average mass of the dissolved materials? (b) What fraction of the sugar has inverted? K\(H,0) = 0.512 K mot kg 56. 1.59 of a monobasic acid when dissolved in 150 {of water lowers the freezing point by 0.165°C. 0.59 of the same acid when titrated, after dissolution in water, requires 37.5 ml of N/10 alkall. Calculate the degree of dissociation of the acid (K, for water = 1.869C mot"). 57. Sea water Is found to contain 5.85% NaCl and 9.50 % MgCl, by weight of solution. Calculate ts normal balling point assuming 80% ionisation for NaCl and 50% ‘onisation of MgCl, [K\(H,0) = 0.51 kgmol-'k), 58. The latent heat of fusion of ice is 80 calories per ‘gram at 0°C. What is the freezing point of a solution of KCl in water containing 7.45 grams of solute in 500 grams of water, assuming that the salt is dissociated to the extent of 95% 7 59. Acomplex is represented as CoCl,.xNH,. It's 0.1 molal solution in ag. solution shows ST, = 0.358°C/K) for H,0 is 1.86 K mot"! kg. Assuming 100% ionisation of complex and coordination no. of Co issix, calculate formula of complex. 60. At 25°C, 1 mol of A having a vapor pressure of 100 torr and 1 mot-of B haying a vapour pressure of 300 torr were mixed. The vapour at equilibrium is removed, condensed and the condensate is heated back to 25°C. the vapours now formed are ag removed, recondensed and analyzed. What is the mole fraction of A in this condensate? 61. Phenol associates in benzene to a certain extent to form a dimer. A solution containing 20 x 10° kg phenol in 1 kg of benzene has its freezing point depressed by 0.69 K. Calculate the fraction of phenol that has dimerised. K, for benzene = 5.12kg mol-'K, 62.30 ml of CH,OH(d = 0.7980 gm om) and 70 ml of, H,0 (d=0.9984 gm cm?) are mixed at 25°C to form a solution of density 0.9575 gm cm”. Calculate the freezing point of the solution. K(H,0) is 1.86 kg mol" K. Also calculate its molarity. 163. When the mixture of two immiscible liquids (water ‘and nitrobenzene) boils at 372 K and the vapour Dressure at this temperature are 97.7 kPa (H,0) and 3.6 kPa (C,H,NO,). Calculate the welght% of nitrobenzene in the vapour. 64, A very dilute saturated solution of a sparingly soluble salt A,8, has a vapour pressure of 20 mm of Hg at temperature T, while pure water exerts a pressure 20.0126 mm Hg at the same temperature. Calculate the solubility product constant of A,B, at the same temperature, 65._Ifthe apparent degree of ionization of KCI (KCI 74.5 gm mot) in water at 290 K is 0.86. Calculate the ‘mass of KCI which must be made up to 1 dm of aqueous solution to the same osmotic pressure as the 4.0% solution of glucose at that temperature. 66. An ideal solution was prepared by dissolving some amount of cane sugar (non-volatile) in 0.9 moles of water. The solution was then cooled just below its freezing temperature (271 K), where some ice get Separated out. the remaining aqueous solution registered a vapour pressure of 700 torr at 373 K. Calculate the mass of ice separated out, if the molar heat of fusion of water is 6 kJ. 67. The specific conductivity of 8.0.5 M aq. solution cof monobasic acid HA at 279C.s 0.006 Sém-, It's molar conductivity at infinite cilstion is 200 S cm? mol * _Calcilate ostiotic pressure (in atm) of 0.5 M HA (29) solution at 27°¢ atm Given R = 0.08 trot k 68. The freezing point of 0.02 mol fraction solution of acetic acid (A) in benzene (8) is 277.4 K. Acetic acid exists partly as a dimer 2A = A.. Calculate equilibrium constant for the dimerisation. Freezing point of benzene is 278.4 K and its heat of fusion aH, Is 10,0423 mol”, 69. Tritium, T (an isotope of H) combines with fluorine to form weak acid TF, which ionizes to give T°. Tritium \s radioactive and is a f-emitter. A freshly prepared aqueous solution of TF has pT (equivalent of pH) of 1.5 and freezes at -0.372°C. If 600 mi of freshly Prepared solution were allowed to stand for 24.8 years. Calculate (\) ionization constant of TF. (\i) Number of -particles emitted. (Given K, for water = 1.86 kg mol K°!, t,,, for tritium = 12.4 years)1, Which of the following concentration factor is af- fected by change in temperature [ AIEEE-2002} (A) Molarity (B) Molality (C) Mol fraction (D) Weight fraction 2.For an aqueous solution, freezing point is ~0,186°C.. Boiling point ofthe same solution is, (Kg = 1.868 K moll kg) and Kp = 0.5120 K mol! kg) (atEzE-2002] (A) 0.1869 (B) 100.0512° (C) 1.862 (D) 5.12° 3. In a mixture of A and 8, components show nega- tive deviation when =’ [ATEEE-2002] (A) A~ B interaction is stronger than A- Aand B-B interaction (B) A~ Binteraction is weaker than A~ A and B - interaction (C) 8Vmrix > 0, ASmix > 0 (D) AVmix = 0, SSmmix > 0 4. A pressure cooker reduces cooking time for food because- —_-[ATEEE-2003] (A) The higher pressure inside the cooker crushes {the food material (8) Cooking involves chemical changes helped by 2' rise in temperature (C) Heat is more evenly, distributed in the cooking space (D) Bolling point of water involved in cooking is in- creased 5. If liquids A and B form an ideal solution ~ [ATEEE-2003] (A) The free energy of mixing is zero (B) The free energy as well as the entropy of mixing are each zero (C) The enthalpy of mixing is zero (D) The entropy of mixing is zero 6. In 3 0.2 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid HX the degree of ionization is 0.3 . Taking ky for water as 1.85, the freezing point of the solution will be nearest to-' [AIEEE-2003) (A) -0.260°C (8) + 0.480°C (C)-0.480°C (0) -0.360°C 7. If liquid A and B form ideal solution, than : [AIEEE-2003] U (A) 3Gmnix = 0 (B) mixing = 0. {C) SG ™ 0, ASmic= 0 (0) ASmix = 0 PREVIOUS YEARS 1B. Which one of the following aqueous solutions will exhibit highest bolling point ? [ATEEE-2004] (A) 0.01 M NaS0q (B) 0.01 M KNO3 (C) 0.015 M urea (0) 0.015M glucose 9. Osmotic pressure of 40% (wt./vol.) urea solution is 1,64 atm and that of 3.42% (wt./vol.) cane sugar is. 2:46 atm. When equal volumes of the above two so- lutions are mixed, the osmotic pressure of the result- Ing solution is = (A) 1.64 atm (B) 2.46 atm (C) 4.10 atm (0) 2.05 atm 10, Which of the following liquid pairs shows a posi tive deviation from Raoult's law 7ATEEE-2004] (A) Water - hydrochloric acid (B) Benzene - methanol (C) Water - nitric acid (D) Acetone - chloroform 11. Which one“atithe following statement is false? {AIEEE-2004] (A) Raoult’s law states that the vapour pressure of 3 “component aver a solution is proportional to its mole fraction (8) The osmotic pressure (n) of a solution is given by the equation x = MRT where M is the molarity of the solution (C) The correct order of osmotic pressure for 0.01 M ‘aqueous solution of each compound is BaCl > KCI >CH3COOH > sucrose. (0) Two sucrose solutions of same molality prepared in different solvents will have the same freezing point depression. 12, If ais the degree of dissociation of Na7S04, the vant Hoff’s factor (i) used for calculating the molecu- larmassis- [ATEEE-2005] (A)i-a (Bite (C) 1- 2a (D) 1+ 20 13, Benzene and toluene form nearly ideal solutions. ‘At 20°C, the vapour pressure of benzene is 75 torr ‘and that of toluene is 22 torr. The partial pressure of benzene at 20°C for 2 solution containing 78 g of benzene and 46 g of toluene in torr is [ATEEE-2005] (a)25 (8)50 (53.5 (0)37.5 14, Two solutions of a substance (non electrolyte) {are mixed in the following manner. 480 mi of 1.5 M first Solution + 520 ml of 1.2 M second solution. What is the molarity of the final mixture ? [ATEEE-2005] (A) 1.50 (c)2.70M (8) 1.20 (0) 1.344 15. Which aqueous solution exhibits highest boiling point (AIEEE-2004] (A) 0.015 M glucose (8)0.01MKNO3 (C)0.015 M urea (0)0.01M Na2SO, 16. 189 of glucose (CgHy20¢) is added to 178.29 of water. The vapour pressure of water for this aque- ous solution at 100° Cis- [AIEEE 2006] (A) 7.60 Torr (B) 76.00 Torr (C) 752.40 Torr (0) 759.00 Torr 17. Density of a 2.05 M solution of acetic acid in water is 1.02 g/mL. The molality of the solution is - [AIEEE 2006} (A) 3.28 mol kg@? (B) 2.28 mol kgu) (C) 0.44 mol kg~? (0) 1.14 mol kg-! 18. Amixture of ethyl alcohol and propyl alcohol has ‘a vapour pressure of 290 mm at 300 K. The vapour pressure of propyl alcohol is 200 mm. If the mole frac~ tion of ethyl alcohol is 0.6, its vapour pressure (in mam) at the same temperature will be -[ AIEEE 2007] (A) 350 (8) 300 (c) 700 (0) 360 19. 5.25% solution of a substance is isotonic with {2 1.5% solution of urea (molar mass = 60 g mot” }) in. the same solvent. If the densities of both the solu- tions are assumed'to be equal to.1.0 gem=3, molar ‘mass of the substance will be-[ATEEE 2007] (A) 90.09 mot (B) 15:09 mol} (C) 105.09 mot~* (0) 210.09 mor"? 20, The density (in. g mL2) of & 3.60 M sulphuric Bid sohaton that 2096 p50 (dlr mass = 909 mol '}bymasswillbe- (ATEEE 2007] (A) 1.64 (e) 1.88 (c) 1.22 (0) 1.45 ‘21. The vapour pressure of water at 20° Cis 17.5 ‘mm Hg. If 18g of glucose (CgHy206) Is added to 178.2 9 of water at 20* C, the vapour pressure of the re- sulting solution will be -[AIEEE 2008] (A) 15.750 me Hg (8) 16.500 mm Hg (€) 17.325 mm Hg (0) 17.675 mmHg 122, At 80°C, the vapour pressure of pure liquid ’A' Is ‘520 mm Hg and that of pure liquid ’B’ is 1000 mm Hg. If ‘a mixture solution of ‘A’ and ‘B' boils at 80° C and 1 ‘atm pressure, the amount of A’ in the mixture is (1 ‘atm = 760mm Hg) [ATEEE 2008] (A) 34 mol percent (8) 48 mol percent (C) 50 mol percent (D) 2 mol percent 23, A binary liquid solution is prepared by mixing n- heptane and ethanol. Which one of the following statements ts correct regarding the behaviour of the solution ? [ATEEE 2009] (A) The solution is non-ideal, showing +ve deviation form Raoult’s Law (B) The solution is non-ideal, showing -ve deviation from Raoult’s Law (C) n-heptane shows +ve deviation while ethanol shows - ve deviation from Raoult’s Law (D) The solution formed is an ideal solution 24, Two liquids X and ¥ form an ideal solution At 300 k, vapour pressure of the solution containing 1 mol of X’and 3 mol of ¥ is 550 mmHg. At the same tempera- ture, if 1 mol of Y is further added to this solution, vepour pressure of the solution increases by 10 mmHg. Vapour pressure (in mmHg) of X and ¥ in their pure states will be, respectively ~ [AIEEE 2009] (A) 300 and 400 (8) 400 and 600 (C) 500 and 600 (©) 200 and 300 25. Kj for water is 1.86 Kkg mobolf your automobile radiator holds 1.0 kg of water, how many grams of ethylene glycol (C,H,0,) must you add to get the freez~ ing point of the sOlution lowered to ~ 2.8°C ? (ATEEE-2012) (ay93g (8) 399 «c)279 (0) 729 126. The density of a solution prepared by dissolving 120 9 of urea (mol. mass = 60 u) in 1000g of water is 1.15. 9/mL. The molarity of this solution is : [AIEEE-2012) (8) 1.021 (1.78 (0) 0.50M (C)2.05 4Co ceve-u T 1. The van't Hoff factor for 0.1 M Ba(NO,), solution is 2.74. The degree of dissociation is [JE 1999] (A)91.3% — (B)87% (C)100% (0) 74% 2. In the depression of freezing point experiment, it is found that [ee 1999) (1) The vapour pressure of the solution is less than that of pure solvent, (II) The vapour pressure of the solution is more than that of pure solvent. (1l1) Only solute molecules solidify t the freezing point. (IV) Only solvent molecules solidify at the freezing point (LM (8)Mt, 00 3. To 500 crm? of water, 3 x 10-?kg of acetic is added. If 23% of acetic acid is dissociated, what will be the ‘depression in freezing point? k, and density of water ‘are 1.86 K kg" mol"! and 0.997'g cm” respectively. [DEE 2000) (C)L IV (0)1, 1, ar 4, The vapour pressure of two miscible liquids (A) and (8) are 300 and 500 mm of Hg respectively. Ina flask 10 mole of (A) is mixed with 12 mole of (B). However, 2s soon as (B) is added, (A) starts polymerising into a completely insoluble solid. The polymerisation follows first-order kinetics. after 100 minute, 0.525 mole of a solute is dissolved which arrests the polymerisation ‘completely. The final vapour pressure of the solution is 400 mm of Hg. Estimate the rate constant of the polymerisation reaction. Assume negligible volume. change on mixing and polymerisation and ideal, behaviour for the final solution. [DEE 2001) 5. During depression of freezing pointiin a solution, the following are in equilibrium (DEE 2003] (A) Liquid solvent-solid solvent, (B) Liquid solvent-solid solute (C) Liquid solute-solid solute (D) Liquid solute-solid solvent 6. Match the boiling point with K, for x, y and z, if molecular weight of x, y and z are same. bipt. 5 (DEE 2003) x 100 a y 2 0.53 z 233 0.98 7. A 0.004 M solution of Na,SO, Is isotonic with 2 0.010 M solution of glucose at same temperature. The apparent degree of dissociation of Na,SO, Is : (DEE 2004) (A)25% — (B8)50% = (C) 75% (0) 85% 8. 1.22 g of benzoic acid is dissolved in (i) 100 9 JEE ADVANCED ] ‘acetone (K, for acetone = 1.7) and (il) 100.9 benzene {(K, for benzene = 2.6). The elevation in boiling points 7,15 0.178C and 0.13°C respectively. [JE 2004] (8), What are the molecular weights of benzoic acid In both the solutions? (©), What do you deduce out o it in terms of structure of benzoic acid? 9. The elevation in boiling point, when 13.449 of freshly prepared CuCl, are added to one kilogram of water, is [Some useful data, K,(H,0)= 0.52 kg K mot, mol, wt. of Cudi,= 134.4gm} (988 2005] (A) 0.05 (8) 0.1 (€)0.16 (0)0.21 10. 72.5 g of phenol is dissolved in 1 kg of a solvent (i; = 14) which leads to dimerization of phenol and freezing point is lowered by 7 kelvin. What percent of total phenol is presentin dimeric form? [JE 2006] 11, When 20 g of naphthalic acid (C,,H,0,) is dissolved in 50 9 of benzene (K, = 1.72K kg mol”), a freezing point depression of 2 K is observed. The vant Hoff factor (i) is : (De 2007) (AOS (B)1. (oy2 (03 Paragraph for Question No. Q.12to Q.14 Properties such as boiling point, freezing point and vapour pressure of a pure solvent change when solute molecules are added to get homogeneous solution. These pre called colligative properties. Applications of colligative properties are very useful in day-today life. ‘One of Its examples is the use of ehtylene glycol and water mixture as anti-freezing liquid in the radiator of automobiles. ‘A solution M is prepared by mixing ethanol and water. ‘The mole fraction of ethanol in the mixture is 0.9. Given : Freezing point depression constant of water en) = 1.86K kg mol Freezing point depression constant of ethanol (KP) = 2.0 Keg mot! Bolling point elevation constant of water (xger) = 0.52 k kg mal Boiling point elevation constant of ethanol (gre) = 1.2 Keg mot! ‘Standard freezing point of water = 273K Standard freezing point of enthanol = 155.7K Standard bolling point of water = 373 K Standard boiling point of enthanol = 351.5 ‘Vapour pressure of pure water = 32.8mm Hg ‘Vapour pressure of pure enthanol = 40mm Hg Molecular weight of water = 18g mol”Molecular weight of enthanol = 46 g mol In answering the following questions, consider the Solutions to be ideal dilute solutions and solutes to be non-volatile and non-dissociative. [JE 2008] 12. The freezing point of the solution M is. (A) 268.7 (8) 268.5K (©)234.2K (0)150.9K 13,_The vapour pressure of the solution M is (4)39.3 mm Hg (8) 36.0mmHg (2)29.5mm Hg (0)28.8mmHg 14, Water is added to the solution M such that the mole fraction of water in the solution becomes 0.9. ‘The boiling point of this solution is: (A) 380.4K (C)375.5K 15. The Henry's law constant for the solubility of 'N, gas in water at 298 Kis 1.0 x 10° atm. The mole fraction of N, in air is 0.8. The number of moles of \V,from air dissolved in 10 moles of water at 298 K and 5 atm pressure Is Dee 2009) (A) 4.0 « 104 (8) 4.0 x 10+ (©) 5.0 x 10+ (0) 5.0 x 10+ 16. The freezing point (in °C) of a solution con taining 0.1 9 of Ks[Fe(CN)_]{(Mol. Wr. 329) in 100g of water (Ky = 1.86 K kg mol") is (DEE. 2011] (A) -2.3 « 10-2.(8)-5,7'102 (C) -5.7 x 10°F (0) =1.2 x 10°? 17. For a dilute solution containing 2.5 g of a non- voltile non-electrolyte solute in 100 g of water, the elevation in boiling point at 1 atm pressure is 2°C. ‘Assuming concentration of solute is much lower than the concentration of solvent, the vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of the solution is (take K, = 0.76 K kg mot!) (DEE 2012) (A) 724 (8)740 (C)736 (0)718 18. Benzene and naphthalene form an ideal solution at room temeprature. For this process the true statement(s) is (are) (DEE 2013) (A) AG is positive (B) As, ts positive (C) Screg = 0 (D) HEBANswer-KEY [Answer Ext | ‘OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS (JEE MAIN) 4B 02D 3c 4A BB RB AD BA BC 1D WA 20 «120 «4B KC 1D CC wc )606mB 6B MC ORC UMC CUB MOB OM ee ee “.002«@C) DMA BB BA Answer Ex-il OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS (JEE ADVANCED) 2, BD 2. 0B 3. AC 46D 5B BAT B BA Ba 0.0 A 120 A 14D BA we A 1*.D we 2 AD.BPCR 21, AR,BAT,C-S, DP EO 22 A (2) A ah BS as De Bw BO Answer Ex-ill SUBJECTIVE PROBLEMS (JEE ADVANCED) 4. 024 2 025 3, 24.510 4 S724 gmol S 66.1SmmHg 6 0237 7. 0.682,0.516; 0.829,0.171 92 mol% toluene; 96.8 mot toluene 8 P? = 213.330, P? = 960.0torr 10, 0.04 Hf. 111.1g, 18.52 modal 12,0.741m,0.013 13. 0.162m 14. 6525 18.17.3816. 0.964 17. 108 gmat 18. 64.0 g/mol 19, 10007 20. -06C A. SOB 22. S08 gImol 23. 2050gimol 24, x= 25.6 y = 426 25. K,=0512 Kg mol, = 37320K W3871g 77. 15806 RCH 8.T, 30. P=0.2217 atm shouldbe apphed 31. (Vu=5. V__) 32.5429 © 3L.08taIm 34. 13.8.Im35, 5.4% 10'gimol 38. 24 10' gmimole 37,5099 BMJM=0.3338.1=25 40, 3lons, 41, 099.2% 42, 7482*10¢Ner? 43, 94.5% 44, 4.64 atm 45, 0.95, 1.95, 4B CutygOuy 47. (0) 379°C, (b)0.018, (c)4.65atm,(6)2515 48.083 48. 4, = 0.2472, ¥, = 04473 50. 46.35 81, 073 2. M=538 ‘53. (a) 0.47, (b) S65 tor, (c) x4=0.08, xg = 0.92, (4) 675 tor, (0) x4=0.11, %g"0.89 $4, 746.24mmMHg ‘55, (a) 210.65, (0)62.35% 56. 18.34% Ty=1025°C SB. TOLTIC 5B. [CoMNH,)gC9C%, 68. 20.1 ot. 0.7333 2. ~19.91°C,7.63M 6. 20.11% 454x102 65. 899m os. 1254 @. 1272 2 k=336 ©. (0K, =7:3410-9 i) 4.55% 1022 Answer ExiV [ bever-1 J JEE MAIN 2 oA Rh Bo A 8 A % 0D 1 B i D 12 D0 1% 8 we D 4B 2 C3 0229 & LOMO A & Kx) = 0.68, Kyly) =0.53. Kz) = 0.98 7. © & (a) 122, (b) Nmmeans that benzoic acid remains as its in Bcetone whe i dimerises mn benzene as Seo 9%. C10. 35% phenolis presentin dimericform 11. 2D «128 BMA WA 1A 18.800LIQUID SOLUTION [Exercise -1 | SINGLE CORRECT (OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS) 1. (A) NaCl + Nar + Cr siyz Kms sta eidvation ot b.p. will be double in case of NaCl not b.p. (8) Will be correct because b.p. elavation will be double here in comprasion to glucose. (C) Elavation of b.p. is colligative property not so answer (B). 2. As, we know that 1 3 Ps= $x100+3 «60 =25+45 mmHg = 70mmHg ‘Tomm Hg < 75 mm Hg thus there is positive deviation from Roouts aw, (A) ts correct, (8) If v.p. is increasing boiling point will be lowered in that case (C) is correct that force of attraction between A & B is smaller than that between’ ‘and A or between B and B. So All statement are correct Ans.D 3. P= 120975 46 it xe 9 = 120-70 = 45 mm Hg IfX, = 120-75 = 45 mmHg it X20 Ps PR PR = 120mmHg thus answer will be (C) 4. Higher the Van‘t hoff factor higher will be the elavation in b. p. $0 yexez 0.8 <1.8<25 Ans. A S. x= 10RT IytFe(ennd 5 3 + tFecen) i (Ti+ 30) 3.94» (1+ 30) x dy x 0.0821 «300 a= 0.2 0 20% Ans. (8) x gg * 1000 0.01 = 0.1 x »1000 M = 256 M = 8x 32 Thus atomicity = 6 ‘Answer (0) =256_ 100«M & (A) All solutions are not isotonic because all solution are not at equal concentration so (A) is incorrect (B) As benzoic acid dimerises so IIT Is hypo- tonic of 1, 11, 1V (C)Is also correct as 1, 11 & [Varehypertonic oft (D) As ammonitin sulphate has maximum num- ber of particale so it will be hypertonic of I, 1,01 soanswer (A) ‘9, ASnumber of moles is maximum in case urea > glucose > sucrose n= CRT It depends on number of moles ‘30 osmotic pressure > P,>P, Le, Ans (C) 10, As benzoic acid dimertses so number of moles ecreases so osmotic pressure of benzoic acid {s less than benzene. soanswer (D) 11, Higher the number of particles higher will be ‘osmoatic pressure so (A) will be answer in case of (D) precipitaiton will take place so number of particles will decrease. ‘Answer (A) 12, Isotonic means equal osmotic pressure so, LCRT=1,C,AT s01,C, = LC, In case of (D) both the volume of (1) 8 (C) are equal. so Answer (D)o-Ps 3. ‘As we know relative lowering of v.p. is equal to the mole fraction of the solute so (1) is correct it doesn’t depend upon the number of ‘moles so (II) Is wrong mole fraction of sol- vent will be 0.8 so number of moles of solvent will be 4 so (111) will be correct, (IV) will be also wrong so I & III will be correct so answer (C) =0.2 14.In option (8) oxidaton state of platinum is (iy) x-6=-2 xa+4 Ans. (B) ASizite 10 = Ca? a= J0.01 = 0.1 sl¢2=1¢01511 ans. (C) 16. HA= H+ A (l-a)a a PH=2=(H") :107 =C as01 leltast+01= 1.01 ‘Ans.(D) 17. (a) As We know i=ite Kel kee cr (i-a) a I= 1+ a= 50% dissociation 1-15 (b) K,SO, 2k* + SO" (1-0) Qu a 1+ 2a, 024 i=18 (©) Fecl, Fest + 3cr (=a) « 1430 i=19 (0) Snci, Sné + ach (1-4) a fe 1+ 4u 218 so Ans. (C) 1B. 18 gm of glucose means 0.1mole of glucose ‘as it present in 1000 gm of solvent soitis 0.1 mole Ans. (D) 19. As we know 10x molarity = molt xis % by wt. dis the density by putting thelr value we get 184M ans. (C) 20, Molality of BaCl, = 0.1 x 0.25 = 0.025 by calculation we get the values of (D) 21.Mole of HCI = 25 x 3 +75 x 0.05 = 75 + 3.75 =78.75 0.210.142 _ OS es, 22.[Cr] =0.2+ ‘Ans. (8) 5.09m 23. To8qm Of solutions 0.concentration of solution = 5 ppm ‘Ans. (B) tod 124,32 —<— m4.) a VatVe ¢ Xa t% Ya x 2S. P=P,+Py= PIX, +P xy = 40+ 120 = 160 P= y,P = y, x 160 340+ y,x 160 >y,= PoP 26. = ete mie N a Mateo * sae P-P PrW,(A)in 1 +0.90(5-1) #1436 = 4.6 (B)i= 140.90 (3-1) =2.8 (Chim 1+0.9(3-1)=2.8 * Oi=28 ‘Ans : (A) Higher the value of means Bolling point will be higher, = 85.88 mm Hg 28. less no of particle of solute means maximum ‘vapour pressure. 29. Glucose does not dissociate sie 30, AICI, = no. of particle = 4 Caci, = no. of particle = 3 (vapour pressure of AICI,) < (vapour pressure 36:M.= 1) d=-2 Mol mass = 180 of CaCl, solution) x Tan (AICI,) > Ty, (C2CI,) y= le _ Tt 1000d = 4 x180 31. 100% dissociation __1900____ 1000 AT, = (010054) =m 1200-180 1020 =i 1.86 x 0.001 si=3 = 3 particles [MA,] A, 32. P = 0.95P° Xasoet ™ 9:95 Kage # 0-005 | = actual mole of solute(Experiment) bo theoritical mole of solute PRP age Migs) Po Nan Wate Veten Mate Menton M4.=M=M.,., -03M Jetta (a-yetta(3-1) UA Slet-2a>t>1 Oe ran) (a) odes i Mes M 03M bee . Basse 257 ous =F. My > May ~~ 2M, <138.1514 a(5-1) =140.6(4)= 3.4 AT = 3.4% 0.52 x1 =1.768 Ty =373+ 1.768 =374.76 wre. vat 40. P, = 200X, + 100%, X, =X, = % (given) >, = 150 If all the liquid become vapour then P, can be! calculated by 41a beer ee 3h, 91333 then pressure at which half of liquid converted Into vapour must be in the range of 133.3 < P< 150 2 3 41.P = 100 x= + 300% 5 = 40 + 180 = 220 42, For ideal solution JH, =O 3G <0 48,_>0 43. Only solvent molecules can go through SPM, not the solute particles hence no blue colour formation 44,0 Composition of an azeotrope alters on chang- ing the external pressure. a 5." M7™ 725-1720 10 9 5 uim= = 04615 tet Maun 5435 = 45 «01615 7 o.040375 = 4.037 «10? 46. Initially A =3'mole; B= 2 mole Sp 600 = EP:- FFE 1 finally A= 4.5 mole ; B= 2 mole and c= 0.5 VPresene < V.Prenaee Benzene is more volatile (By graph) Xpmewe © Voewee (A) If, = 0.5 >y, = 0.2, yg= 0.8 (8) x, = 0.3, > % = 0.7 >¥, = 0.6 not pos- sible (C) x, = 0.3 and y, = 0.4 0.6 correct =)(0), = 0.7. y, > 0.7 (should be) Given y, < 0.3 =, > 0.7 correct 48,0.20 = 1.8 x M xi 020 _20_ 10 Me Hk and tet ta(24t)=1te =1.38107 49.1214 aint) 2.7421 +a(3-1) 0-087 = Degree of dissociation = 87% 50. 1.04 = 0.52xm >m=2 2.= 2-750 , 1000 2 P= 777 =P, P =P, (because at T water boils) SoatT: P= P,, because when water boils V-P. become equals to atmospheric pressureEXERCISE - 1A There will be movement of solvent B tenon, > hes savas “hae C_ Solvent flow from right (MgSO,) to left (Ba,(P0,),) 5 No low of solute ono pot formation BP* 2 eps 3. polar - polar + -ve deviation 4. ACD sos B 640600 1000 Pe 600 7e = OBS SolL6 A Pye XAPR + XePS 300 ri 20g after adding 1 mole 2p0 359 290 = gregh PP = 250 Staternent-1 addition of nonvolatile solute uses a depression in v.p. Statement-2 It is also correct because pep, Xx m7 hake MULTIPLE CORRECT (OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS) fraction of solute Solo 8 Statement 1- It is correct because both are non electrolyte so both have same partie so AT, will be same. Statement 2-'AT, = Kj xm Its also correct because on increasing m AT, will Increase and freezing point will decrease but not the correct explanation of. 10. For isotonic stution C= So Matern ts wrong but for isotonic solu- tons, =, So statement 11's wright So Ans. (0) 11, Dilute solution shown ideall behaviors so ‘statment I Is wright and.components with structural similarity froms ideal, solution so statment I is wright explantion of 11. Ans. (A) 42.Statement I is’Correct because dissolution on dipole interaction will make it to show nega~ tive deviation. ‘Statement IT is wrong because solution hav- ing same osmotic pressure because is called isotonic solution, Ans (C) 13. A ‘Statement-1 is correct and statement 11 is ‘also wrigth because depression in freezing bond depenels upon the nature of the sol- vent and is also the correct explanation. aA ‘Statement -1 Is correct because in this dis- Sociation will be always more than 1 as it will dissociate to give more than 1 molecule Statement-2 Is correct and is the correct explantion of statment 1 1s. > ‘Statement - 1 The vapour pressure of 0.1 M solution will be more than that of 0.1 M of KCI solution because potassium chloride will break in K* & Cl" soit cause decrease in the relative lowering of v. p. Statement-2 It is false because lowering of v.p. I8 directly proportional to the mole frac- ton of the species and not on the number of species.16 6B Both the statements are correct but statement(II) isnot the correct explantion of @. 17, = ¢ ‘Statement - I as molarity depends upon the \olume of temperature will change volume will also change so molarity of solution will change with temperature statement Is cor- rect Statement-11 It is wrong because molarity és not the coligative property. 18, Freezing is exothermic because to freeze wa- ter Heat must be removed. 1> False 23 Te. 19. DO ‘Statement - 1 is wrong HOU) -+ H,0(5) the freezing of water is explanation process statement is correct as heat must be re- ‘moved from the water to make it freeze. ‘Statement-I is correct as ethylene glycol is the non voltite substance so addition of it will lower the freezing point. Statement-II Itis wrong because addition of only non volatite substance not any substance wll ower the freezing point. 20.P+Q where solute-soivent interaction salute-sol- vent interaction. then idealsalution. 'B- solute-solventnteraction are weaker than solute=solvent so it shows positive deviation. C- solute-solvent interactions stronger than solute-solvent interaction it will show nege tive deviation. 21, A-R,B-T, C-S, D-P, E-Q 2 A freezing point is raised. a M2 8 = Mole of sugar 342 moles of solute molality = ‘eight of solvent (inkg) 0.1 rmotality = (214.2 — 34.2) 1000 molality = 189 71000 on molality = 97g molality = 0.555 2. 8 According to Roult’s law f=% 0 Baan Let m be the molecular mas ofthe sola substance n= 2,17s/m; N= 39/78 = 0.5 Molecular mass of benzene = 78 Subartutng the values n above equation 2.175 640 - 600 m 640 2.175 og = mm 705 175 175+ 0.5m m= 2.175 x 16 5x18 . (3000 - 3555 3o00)10° M= 180 8 Decrease in molarity 8 Dimerization of benzoic acid. a liquid mixtures which distil unchanged in ‘composition. a ST, = Km xi Hx Hex l-a aoa isl-atata i=1+0.2 beh AT, = 1.86 x 0.2 x 1.2 o°'- x = 0.45 soaT, = - 0.45PoP so PoP ak 5. aes Bat CH,OH : Solvent 40 -2.,, Ramos = 537125 13 =12-051 Kaew = Fag 705 Xamon = 0:49 P= 0,51 x 44.5 + 0.49 x 88.7 = 66.15 6. Pry 0.5 X 119 + 0.5 x 37 = 78 -P PoP ve = OSS aoe * TQ =0.237 7. (i) Pugg = 0-4 X 119 + 0.6 *(37 69.8 04118 Yoram * 5918 Veale = 0-318 = 0.682 (W Pas 0.6 x 119 + 0.4 x 37 = 86.2 119 Yorwwe 810.828 Yoana ™ 0-172 “omel 8. P= 0.Satm = 380 torr) 1 380 = (400) x, + 150 x xylene Xorwene = "3% 380 = 400 x, + 150(1-x) 380 = 250x, + 150 ~ 25.21 = 25.21 x 36-P x 36 Pa 245 x= BB oe quia Xuee = 0.08 PP. 2376-2332 ~~ sae 2376 Xue = 0.0185 nets 9. P=P.+P, P,= x, Pf =O.75P, 0.0185 = aod Pye (1-240 = O.25RE 90,0925 + n,,,, x 0.0185 = Ma, a XP =PY4 = vate 9.9615 20 75R=400-04 po. 960 Paes ™ 0.094 PE 21333 Mo = 57.4 10. Mage” Let wg of urea = Maan = ae -) et 8 w 3025-8 025-7 100 60' 18 w (25 w 240° 18” 60 we titig = ee y 1000 = m-Sm 18.52 12. VP. of water at 373 K = 760 mm 760-750 10.1. tem 760” 760" 76 1 tr) 7 (1 a) 0.013 jos” 175 = 157.86 = 17697.86- 1009 op. 7540 47.38 1009 16. P, = 0.5 x 160 + 0.5 x 60 = 80+30= 110 P= x, x 160 + x, x 60 Ph = 100 x, + 60 0.204 = 1 (({28)-!02) 20 Mwt. = 106.42 18, ATT = im 0.130 ='1 x 0.513 x m0513 1000 -oMw, - 2513, 1000 3.24 0 013 “200 “ 24 1000 19.m= 3" AT, = 1 x 0.69 x 0.513; /=1 = 0.354 T, = 0.3544 99.725 = 100.079 20. aT, = 0.17 = mx K,(K, = 0.513) 017 ™" O515 21.(5.45- 3.55) = km 7m | foe 70043 mole of C,4,C1, = m = 2943 1000 = 0.374 1153 k= 5.08 22. 51, =0.465.= Km 0465 m= nos a 0.25 = gh x 1000 n= 928 ~ 0.125 6.35 Mut. = Sapg ~ 508 23, ST, 0.10. m-5.12 ma 039 a2 a m= «1000 0 o10 24 ‘S12 Mt 60 Mow, = 2048 24. For xy, 2.3=5.1xm 1000 14) 2.3= 5.1 x (Mot! x 1000 20 Mawt(xy,) = 110.87 for xy, +, 1000 uw” 20 Mt (ny), = 196.15 Auwt of x = x vey x+2ye110.87 xo ay = 196.15 Byia2 y = 42.64 &x = 25.59 13=5.1% 1 seve i, = FM * 7000» 4.4 (373.157 «18«2 *y000- 9:72 10% = 0.513 37, 20813 -01 «0.05 Ty= 373,15 #0.05, = 373.20K 9.3 = kx m 93 m= 9g 75 (Mat = 62) (50/62) 5= aa * 1000 50 When = gp 1000 = 161.39 1.Cl = 200 - 161.3 = 38.79 551-503 0.48 27." R512 01643 «5.121000 ‘50-0878. 0.48 = 1569/mol AT, = 0.46 = 3,6 xm Mw, =(C= 1.23 (Molality) AT, = 1.86 x 1.23 = 2.2878 T= -2.2878°C 30. High pressure at High conc x= CRT = (0.01 - 0,001) x 0.0821 x 300 =0.2217 atm 32.7.65 = CRT 165 ©" Goezn«310 c=03 Glucose need 0.3 mole pert. oF 54 9/1. 175 aa.M- ee = 0.0% x= 0,034 x 0,0821 x 290 = 0.81 atm 34. x= CRT (28) «2.0821. 200-1000 . 750 n= 13.87 atm = (0.88 x 10) x 9.8 112.4 x 107 = 0.88 x 9.8 x24 = 20.7 Po 0.20440 + 0.0821 298 Me 07 107 =2.36 x 10° g/mol Winer CRT = ORT, (sm) -287 1000 3a 700)” M100 0877342 _ 5g29.08 = | x 1.86 x 29.08 «98 ** 300«1.86 Thou k am 40.07 im 1204512 tao tas \ aaa het ay 41.6.4, COOH : Mont, = 122 2.1000, 80. ia" 25 1 162 12 i=0.504 by! 2 art 0.504 = 1-5 a = 0,992 % a = 99.2% 42.4 = 1 pa(He1) #1 015 (5-2)=3 = 7.3808 =74010' Pao 0.2 1000 pM = 02, 1000 _9 167 43. CH,COOH : M = 5 «5p = 0.16 0.45 = 1x 5.12 xm t= 0.527 teaed) oszeio($-1) a= 0.945 % a = 94.5% (= 140.9(2-1)=1.9 |= 1.9 x 0.1 x 0.082 x 300 = 4.674 4S.x,-2, i: Glucose = 1 ‘421000 7.2, 1000 585" 100 “'~ 180“ 100 i=1.95 lett aio) 1.95=1440(2-1) 2-095 46.57, =m x kD 288 1000 MW 90 Mw = 1321.29 MW of GH, O,= 12x + 2x + 16x = 1321.29 3 30x = 1321.29 1.240 x 0.512 “Molecules formula of compound CusHas Ong 47.4, = by x molality motaity= 28 (2) 7, = motaty « k, ois 31.8" 3.799 An. 0.11928 503 (b)Moality = Gaprpy 7 OND mw = 251.5 3 = or<0.11028 0 pop 3 Oe a pare 70.018 3, 100 2515 "154 (> 2= kT “Take 1 kg of solvent wt of solute = 30.gm Total wt of solution = 1030 gm 1030 0-3, volume of soluton = 54 x 10~ = 0.628 20 Molanty ~ 257.5.0878 ~ (d)Mw = 251.5 0.189948. p= 180.%5+90 pp? = 180x1+90= 270 my = Sea12 p= 0+90=90 738 33 m= wet 06 x04 D, = 180%, + 90 = 180 x 0.6+ 90 ‘= 198 meg x08 veo Se yy = 0.182 6270 = 0.818 Dy = 180 xp + 90 = 180 x 0.818 + 90 = 237.24mmHg Bo. 23724 49.949 = 1375 torrP,° = 558 torr the solution bolls at 100°C and 1 atm AtBP vapour pressure = Atmospheric Pressure = qh 0 + %yp,2 = 1 atm = 760 torr > xq. 1375 + (1 = Xp) 558 = 760 xg = 0.247 xy 0.753 ype Bw 100k, 0247-1375 am e =0.45 760 Yr = 1 Yq = 0.55 50.2CgH_COOH -+ (CgH,COOH), 17a al? = 1000 wr mW 1000» 2.30.61 AT = Tego Be #5) at (Q-a45) aT=0.23(1- 0.84 + 9M) AT = 0.1334 BP = 46.2 + 0.1334= 46.334°C Ans, '51.For Association ar = omDstgow w= 209m. W=- 1000 gm k= 5.12 MWof phenol = 94 aT = 0.69 (-at 1000 « 5.1220 70.69 = 54.1000 32+0.794=734% Ane S2.w= 409m W-=300gm {oss in water bulb = 0.0870 gm « p?- pt Gain in H,S0, bulb = 2.036 gm « p? pe-pt _ 0.0870 im "2036 ~ w,W mM 40 “ws To, 300 = 0-0427 m8 =m=53.8 Ans. '53.The given data are P,2 = 300 torr Py? = 800torr ¥4 = 0.25 Pa, —*aph (2)We have a= "> = 58. soph -——h PB+OR-FB a yas8 PRR - PRIA 0.25 x800 * 300 - (300-800) 0.25 (0) p= yD, + (1X4) Bg? = 0.47 x'300 + 0.53 x B00 = 565 torr (c)For Normal BP, we have P= 760 torr = x,P,2 + (1 - xq) Py? Therefore x, = = 0.47 Ans, xy = 1- 0.08 = 0.92 (d}Here, the mol fraction of A in the liquid phase will be the same as that of A in the origional vapour phase i.e. x, = 0.25 B= Pp? + ep? “= 0.25 x 300 + 0.75 x 800 = 675 torr(e)In this case, we have oh _ 0.25300 | van MABK «9252300 6 0.41 You 142 0.889 54.Ca(NO,), <> Ca*? + 2NO, t2o 1 9 0 teeta « Qu ta+2u _ 1420 1 1 MW of Ca(NO,), = 164 14a n 7 = Fa 20 Ge * G0 $240.7)x7%18 164100 ft) Solving equation (i) We get pe = 746.24 mmHg 55. Sucrose + H,0 -+ Glucose + Fructose too 1 ° o teti-a « « i= (+e) We haven Wot Cane sugar-= 342 ‘Ty = Linky molality 101000 0.27 #1 x 0.512 x SAE t= 1.6235 1tuel a= i= 1 = 0,623 = 62.35% Normaimolecular mass | Observed molecular mass a2 71.6235 = Wag a2 MW yg eas 7210.65 Ans. 56 Kye YE teo1 0 0 teti-wa a x(a) AT; 1 ky molality Now, Myg Of acid = Mcq of base(alkali) 0s 1 x 1000 = 37.5 « 35 E Eq. wt. of Acid (E) = = 137.33 . MW of Acid = 133.33 (Monobasic) 4.541000 Now, sT = (1+ a) x 1.86 x FOES = 0.165 0.165. 133.33 «150 (1 0) = eS a 1827 a= .1827= 18.27% Ans 57.Let of no. of moles of NaCl = hy and_no. of moles of MgCl; = 3, n= ER 96 s For NaCl, NaCl => Nat +" t=010 0 0 t=t1-0.8 08 08 ale For MgCl == Mg*? + 2Cr =o 1 o 0 teti-05 05 OSx2=1 a2 Wt. of solvent in 100 gm of sea water = 100- (5.85 + 9.5) = 100- 15.35 = 84.65 9m O41 a, vow sty = E1928 x 10000581 (1.80.14 2-0.1)«1000 eS OSI =23= 100 + 2.3 = 102.3°C oy? RORY _ 2+(2797 _ 963 58K = T000.K) = 1000%80 ko Skt + cr t=01 oo t=t1-0.95 0,950.95 i= 1.95 Mw of KCI = 74.5 745 _ 5 9.730C ST, = 1.95 «1.863 * oo oyg 59.CoCl, . xNH, + CoC, _ q)-NH3 + NCI” My « XN Kany NH 1 0 0 lea « fa lea Assume nCI" are attached with C, throust primary volumes which undergo ionisation. All the NH, molecules are attached with Co through secondary volumes. AT, = ky x molarity (1+ na) 0.558 = 1.86 x 0.1 (1 +n) aed n=2 ‘Thus complex is (Col . x NH3) "Cl, xaph | 0.5100 Yam by 0.25 Y_= 0.75 0.25 Xp" = 0.75 Py = xy'P,? + Xp'P? = 0.25 x 100 + 0.75 x 300 = 250 torr 200% | 025100 | we Pz 250 09 =04 x= 0 Ans. on S061 2PbOH — (PDOH), lea az aT, = 0.69 ty = x 2 «1000 (] 20407? #10? 0.69= |1>2)*" 1000.94 weiwill get the value of « which will ‘demerses. 67333 ‘Since co-ordination of.Co 15 six'the complex ts [Co(NH3) x 100 = 20.11 % Ans. 8M, 63. = oe Mg = MW of CgHgNO, = 123 ap My = MW of H,0 = 18 ms 3.64123 ™,~ p9My 97.7218 — 0.252 0.252 Nitrobenzene = [35> * 100 = 20.11 % Ans, 64,8, => 3A‘ + 4B? 1-7 pi=20mmHg p= 20.0126 20.0126-20 _ 20 mW 0.0176" 20 (mw) Feows000) * $000 0126 27 malty 5s 20 Molality = 5 x 10-3 For very dilute solution molality = molarity solubility=s= <1 = 5x 1073 = (3s)? . (48)* = 27 x 256 « 57 = 27 x 256 x (5 x 10°)” ky 54107) Ans. 65.KCI > kt + Cr n=2,a=0.86 0.86 = i= 1.86 ra) V-= L litre Let wt of solute = w gm m= 74.5 g/mol ~ w mV) ~ 74564 FORT molarity = = ot "ear = w = 1.86 x oie XRT ror gcse station (2) 4 Te means 4 gm of solute is present in 100 ml solution 1000 = CRT = RT...(il) 7180%100 From (1) & (li) w1.86 441000 745 "1" qe0, 100 w= 8.9 gm Ans. RT RT G6.N= 0.9moled > W= 0.9 x 18 = 16.2 9m FP = 271.k Ice Is separated out For remaining solution po-pt n a) aTp= 273-271 = 20C ROP? _ 2x73? L "= toon * too0~80 ” 18° a, = ky x molality 1.86 w 1000 mW 2s 06 x { \m 216.2 1861000 From equation (1) 760-700 _ 0.017. 700 N= 0.203 Final mole of water 0.203 = 0.0174 Mone mIce separated out = 0.9 - 0.203 = 0.697 mol = 0.697 x 189m = 0.262048 125Sgm Ans. Ke atop 7” nozen?- 00.407 1k = 0.006 sem=! x* = 200 scm? mol"! = 3.36 Ans. @ = 0,006 sem-! ‘ac a B%1000 0.006 «1000 oe Fete = Heme sesame tsoc 0 0 tetcinu) cu cu eaten c-cu Fw 7006 je AEE aay ey. molarity te solution => molarity = molality yee oes et ie t.06 = (em) 186 %C 5 ket 9372 20.2 ca 10S = 1.06 x 0.5 x 0.08 x 300 ¢ =0.2~ 1075 = 12.72 atm ans. © =0.2-10%5 = 0.168 RUPP euube tin (cal/gm) = 20704? og 10.042-10" 1000 42x78 aie Also, AT = 278.277.4m 1 ~ 13% For Aceti€ Acid in benzene Laster ever balidaiaeal 2CH,COOH <= (CH3COOH), Initial no of atoms of Tritium Before ¢ ° = 0.168 x 0.6 x 6.022 « 107 ‘Associaton ‘After 2 haif lives no. of B particles produced After Assocation (1-a) i= (1-$ = 3 x nial oof atoms of tim vif = 3 x 0168 «0.6» 6.022 «10 = 4.551077 Ans. Also, aT = k, x molality x (1~£] Mole fraciton of Acetic acid = 0.02 Mole fraciton of Benzene = 0.98 0.021000 0.98«78 ~ 0.262 Molality = aresxo2m(t$)=1 =a=048 For very dilute solution molarity = molality[ Exercise - IV ] PREVIOUS YEARS PROBLEMS Co teen-t T JEE MAIN ] La . 2 8 Since p. p is the colligative property and 8 gem allpend on the no. of molecule ae Na,S0, et Na" + SO," a= Mem no, of molecule ok 0512 KO, ea H+ NOS aT Kp no. of molecule Urea & glucose both have lover no. of molecule. % . A to. 6B Negative deviation means lower pressure Water + nitric.acid .»,Nitric solution so it suggests high b. p. thus resultant in- show regative deviation. tramolecular force should be stronger than Methanol benzene! individual one. CH,0H -=" HOG, --- HCH, -—- OM CH, when [s:added to CH,OH, H -bonding ab Breaks and thus CHO, H-bonding breaks High pressure inside the coléur incteases “= and froce of attraction between CH,OH & boiling period thus heat consistenty given benzene moelcules is smaller than between isused by food material instead in boiling _-—«CHOH(in pure state ). and constant boiling evabration. v. p Is greater than expected a positive ireaction sc ‘Acetone + Chloroform deal soluton an = 0 wo Hcy a wriee Newo-n-G-a a7 Fa" Fo ae S 6 c ‘so negative derivaction HK gt HX: a=03 1. > feteaeaa mp, 2 AT, = molality « K, x i = 0.2 « 1.85 x 1.8 aT, = 0.481° T,= 0.481 8 IAB Bare ideal solution than AH mixture (ii) t= IMRT (If vant hoft factor i = 1) (il) BaCt ea Ba** + 20° CH,COOH = CH,COO"+ H* sucrose no deviation (Iv) solubility of solute in different solvent is different.12. 13. 15. 16. D 17. Na,SO, = 2Na* + SO,” vant hoff factor i = (1 + (y-1)s] where y the nember of ions from one mote solute, (in then case = 3 ) ais the de- gree of dissociation | = (1 + 2a). 8 Mixture contains 78 g ofbenzene = mole 18. benzene and 46g toluene = 0.5 mole tolu- ene total no, of benzene & toluene = 1.5 mole mole toluene of benzene in mixture 19. vp of benzene Pb 75 torr Partial v. p of benzene = Pb? x b 2 75 x 5 torr D Total molafity.=. "y+ vy 2» 500 480 +500 134M 20. ° Highest b. p. will be exhibited by 0.01 Na,SO, as it will give 3 molecule so it will white highest b. p. c p-Ps 8 Molarity1m= ——" 100 1000d- MM 05 = (1000 1.02) - (2.05) = 2.28 mole Pp eAsRxB 290 = 200 x 0.4 + Po x 0.6 P,= 350 D Solution is isotonic cat =cRT C=C, density of both the substance one as- sumed to be equal to 1.0.g cm? > molar- lity 5.25)n 1009, 5.25 gm of substance in 1000 g 52°g of substance. 52.5 15 ™ "60 M = molecular mass of the substance = 2109m 52.5~60 15 c wt. of sulphuric acid contained = 352.8 9 ‘actual amount of salupuric acid 19 xx Hh 13528 x= 1216.55 9m 1216.15, in 1000 mt - “Soo5 = 1.25g/ml c 18 Moles of glucose = gq = 0-1178.2 18 According to raoult’s law Moles of H,0 = =99 17.5-Ps _ 0.1 7s 7 10 Ps = 17.325 c PL PLAS PE xB Mixture solution at = atm = 760m total 760 = 520 X, + 1000 (1 ~ X,) X, = 0.5, mole % of A= 50% A ‘Asn -heptane and ethanol form non-ideal solution as resulant n-heptane aither mo- lecular interaction is very poorsin’ comprasion to ethanol ethanol or n= hep- tane so gives +ve derivation. 8 P, = PAK, + POX, 550 = pf x1/4+ Ae + 3/4 thus PP2 + 39? = 2200, when 1 mol of is further added to the s0- lution 560 = PZ + 1/5 PE x 4/5, Pe + 48° = 2800 P°B = 2800 - 2200 = 600 Puiting the value of P°B in ea. (i) PPA + 3 x 600 = 200 PPA = 2200 - 1800 = 400 25. A Coolant is glvcol (C,H,0,) and nonelectroly aT, = 2.8 ar = 1000Ke = mye 2.9 = 1001.86, ‘B= "62.1000 w, = 93.339 c Total mass of solution 1000 m + 120.gm 1129 density of solute = 1.1 x g/mole total solution mass 112 density ~ 1.15 973.91 mi 0.9 9m, 120 molar ofsolute = “Gy = 2 _molesof solute _- molarity = Volume of solution 2/0974 = 2.05 mole[ LEVEL I JEE ADVANCED ] 1 2.74=1+a3-1) a=087 2. (C)L1V 3. 1= 140.23 (2-1) n = 2 for CH,COOH i= 1 40.23 = 1.23 23 0" (60> (600 «0.087) -0.2204 aT, 1000 1.36 4, A= 10; B= 12 mole initially mA-+ A, Let mole remaining of A nio-n solution has A= nmole B=12mole 12) 30040 +20) Ben) a(n9t2y nal o> 5) (0 Now 0.525 mole solute added. Here solvent are (A + 8) P= Kee Ps ! = 400 (given) Pag + 12 +:0.525 net Kaew = 492.525 - 2102000 3200 “taen ilar 12525, nv 12525, 1.0082 x 10* cary 6. Higher the b.p. = higher the K, 2 1x 0,004 = 0.01, in25 fe1+a3- 2521+20 2u-075 % a= 75% 8. AT, =IKm In acetone (2 0.7 =i, x 1.7 UM) 1000 ‘100 ies ‘ 42 en In benzene (12) 0.13 =1,x 26x / MJ x 1000 106 yet "rim 272 In acetone M,, = 122 In benzene M,,, = 2 * 122 = 244 due to dimerisation at, sim 13, = 3x 052% ).156° = 0.16°C725 10. 7 ix tax BS 15. Pair = Kx, 1= 0.65 Se 10x x, x= 5x10" " i osse1+a(2-1) dissolved in water a-07 5.10% %u=70% 2 phenol -+ phenoldimer Tony #5 108 a s Mm, (in water) #5 x 104 x 0.8 03 oss 4% 10" 3% Sol16 ATy = Kym BD, 1008 w 2a 1720 2M = 1K, gM « 1000 i=” Ka IFeCCN Dg] 93K" +. 1FeCEN)Q) 12. 8T,=Kym ._ 41,869 0.1 1006 329% 100 =K,| Tae 1000) AT = 2.3.x 10-? "we *108) 2.3 x 107 +4, tas « 1000] scares sit oA 2«sono%( 52 =4.831 T, = 155.7 - 4.831 = 150.87 kK In solution ethanol Is solvent & water is sol- ute. 13.P, = 0.9 x 40 =36 (water is solute considered as non-volatile according to question) {in \ 14, ST. = Kewme | iat] 1000 now water is solvent & ethanol is solute. ox a9. T, = 100+ 3.21 = 103.21°C = 376.21K. w 052 (5.2%; «1000)=321