Analysis of Faulted Power Systems PAUL M. ANDERSON THE IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS / AMES 1973 Ta Bletetsd de Carseat BIGLIGTECA‘ou the Author Paul M.Andenoe eMofaur of Batre Ragen od Fram Manger fr ‘ced the PD depo 100 Tena erp clear rus ‘enema wi ie fows Pathe See Company Propose it. ‘sion, duruon, and paniog sme uniesty le fe 18114972 form Sch wih Poi Casa Baws Coan Precio He eautbor of ames Juma ces on dete poms pss ‘Aes owe 6010, Al ight ered stot Symbol (Caper 1. General Consent 12 Ghngeot tan TL Three Stee 115. Converting om er Unt Valet psa Ve. Le etieothe Git iat Th Reimeraorsoair Compe 2 Syme Components BS. Shmmetsal Component of Curent Fars 24 Computing Pome af Symaetnca Compenerts 28. Sequens Component of Untaaned Newor npencee 25. Sequence Component f Mane impedance B2- Defniton ot Sequence Newent Prolene oer 2. Amp of Unmet Pe 21. TheSingotinato Grown 32 TheLimetoLine aL) Fest 35 The Double Line to Ground (id) Fol BE Re tietnawe (Sa 35 Commentcon Shane Peat ain 21. Siquece Network Equant for See Fae Table of Contents£20 Two Line Opn 210) Chapler 4 Sequence Impedance of Tami Lines “LL” Basin and Noe Squanc Impedance of Le, 42 Muto Coat 415. Serand Maul nietance of Pari Cindi’ zee 45 Three Phae Line impedance {LG Trampontonend Tuts of Line Condi 1 Completely Tanga Lin, 8 Grate Ubatne bus incompe rnapoatin 3. Seqconsepadance af Line wih ntd Cond. ‘io Seqeenesipadanes sf Lines with Ove Grsed Wie ‘LIL Scqane opedane flies tho Gru Was {LL Seqeecsimpedanee of Lins win Cound Wie, {EE Ea Ruane lindane f Trareyoned Line i Ground We. 4 Compattuonsnshing Stal Conduct 8 Pune Tampon nd Unrate. 438 Orta rat Cr for a Une Chapter 5. Sequnnce Cepacane of Tranamion Lise 1 Pos nd NoaiveSoquonceCapactane of Pamposd Line 53 Eee Eee of Tp Lee 53. Sequence apace of rampoal Line without Ground Wi 51 Motel Cpattence ot Thre Pace ine ih Ground Wie 51 Capactane of Doane Cet ines 5 Bcorate Unbalnc of Unrated Tint . Pron : Couper 6. Seannc impodnce of Machin 1 Geral Con4dertions 2 Pov Sues Impedance 83 Neve Soqwnce imposes 63 TmeCondante nn 8 Phuor Dag nfs Syoehenous Conta {5 Riseenn Pac Dag sd Pan oe 510 Moma Caeot a cr er en heen rey 2 eee i Serie i ee a es ii Seeeerecces cupnt mean ay cin By orients 2 Siebel if Seeger i, erin (Capar9, Sintneour Pate 1. Simutannus Pts by Two-Part Network Thery 5. SemeeSuees Comection (Type Pals 88. Pualefueatel Connection (ype Fas) 58 StmertunlalComncton Type Pal)25 Somme eae sic Cpr inti lef tgutnt in sgt eisai sap Rumor one foe as 3 Renta eeme tees ih ee ee, Problems eee das 1 en eng ai aagigmeten rea ier id eerestaci Seat ichas Renriectaees ee fou toe is Avpenti , Set ndactane of Stel Pnie Cyndie Wire ‘Ronda Solved Examples ‘AopndinP.6-¥ Trnstoration tops.Many textbooks have been wate dealing with the power tem that ‘pens oner bed ona conden A few, pari te eeaent {a tied tna’ ov ott woke eng unalned sn eed stem, Bowen, bee tren ip for gear sod we inane for see as Never pte of thee dat of cope te ero stent held be ‘Sine lie wih tc fama moras of © F Wager and RD. Prana (0), he ie (2 “egal here to produce text to be wed by gate sens one hat can caw uposs tuckgfoun of now rom pour coment ‘i sdanced text, the Sgt shouldbe alot omploy eat cone bt ‘uty ight toned should cogs tr tt a sity Simi tin, ri po cone obo ee ‘purer eso ahh toe dpe voloand mn of he book i er chan on de soon ofthe abc The fit te chapter neuer and ay be covered Sih fn a ir ses ly enn {Sica te a vine sat roost he oe wine om “he mide prion of the bok, Chg hgh 7 ta th bc of ower neem pormeter Here the ques impose of ne, aie Telomere dood odo "The taper male Sen ‘ited nthe cton af power eginet- Meth at tan he wee It eat scans of ey ener pe probes ach we Ainge ape ‘oe of untnapnl or paray tempo ie ti motos at edo oat tin parson of the Book presets te apa ot yma coones to a ay of olans and prot a intaducton to compte sls ‘ova re mere ere oe ert apps fms teen [Re suis of tomplerproiems: Ths secon so tinforas ie opine’ ‘Speco of symmteea omponents potencies "At lows State Uaiverty we have found commen over mat of he ‘punts coune Tht sett vo the sven Chaplet be ‘Shed, bu the sent ie tncaurged fo pura theres hia. In thse ‘Sitar prcntton Chor 1 seca uy coe She sure ete ‘degrade prerequlte wchinoduee emetic! components. Then {Be bance of the Square» spent on oer Mem parameter, ning he ‘Seaton forthe seen quarter soaee mone eb amelenes air iam et ere ett ar mace rh Eee race eres soacaes ‘Seow Ste Unberty AC Network Anaprtor 0 yen ors” Thetbors Lea eerie Seale Soe nie atieeeme nia nee Seis os Say watever es Sei bie Gre Racnnecaare Ses ee ay are Sree {Smt tn compu sats petted be rok of 3B Poa ad Feo rere eer ae winidtaearay eeenereuees tree [Geng abo promod ott moral mpyor and apr pootedg, ad tom E5) Eg Frets Ergenanes: List of Symbols 2S acer ol wntforatn mash cpa mai ‘Stlomun yotsneation fr ‘Sep rman mas Hawes ‘Sure tnage, [mv stare cage vector ‘ied unital sbrovatn fr epee ‘ii dragon ‘nee nyo parameter mati ‘ez unt mel cretion for raueney yori paren ee Piupbcercurentpees © wezEz npnnegweeg es, = Se pee reentl i dion Revere SSP igen tenn eT {inert cotants torque; unlet cic enfant ST erntin eee iat tba sev fo Seyi een fr mt x ‘Gh commie tans tive pane mati eX, compen peace ‘ima ‘tor crate ofa aynchanoar machine: pa deiaton Ijin (os mata) celine tcoptance pet anh ‘facta et eng : arrpocreenpss ges senacensesaeey ‘cern ama) tn tne be ‘reper yi mee dipation commen Seana wed incommtegt¢ Yate cotot ed pono mactine oy ‘kes gd ln daa "Tr? wpe co ed in compat sin Btn ere Sb of se a fod 10° 2m Sos wc see tug mo mane of Pent parca eto was ‘lr: intel sure estan ras Per uit eth ‘eleogty length of cane tap ofan non molar specs {step fnction [eantneour aige ‘Stntacour olige etor erence er gh eal ruc) ate ‘ot impedance arse gation sternal source) tnpedanceimpeance pert th ‘tanmson ine pte impedance deacons: eminent (oman) ‘hr anya seston for mpedanceBEESN Sagar esac enone smvostepy Beat Sg To emtie eae eo ed er seema or as ay name Sear hata ege ——— Fee o on guantiy ect aun ect tsveneut ny ‘unalentdotghanyrequraen pang ‘eta th a poi et wining {stra in deaton ‘ognetng quantity (in a ansormer): motor quant ‘uta (coping or GMD) ‘ee ant M8) Gonder as gunitere as cel guaney ‘Soda Ser rnd et) ‘Ste gun stator quan: slf (GMD) ator quan; tautomer ct dition: sl (re spon 0,81 9) weet ton coumer winding dsgmtion ‘forwarding despa ‘ing sate pase ao, pote nga soqenc uanty ‘i, itemce cs gay teapot) tev (of ma) (he), itnasting mare for various quantes (eumifes), stinging mak for rou uantitee Git, dears nth eee to is cote euro me (bie pine), rastAnalysis of Faulted Power SystemsGeneral Considerations ‘The mya of power tet tly impli he computation of nator Eagan ee ea bore ST Rit eiees are Seca recite ee mectermeeeere Earnie ee rien eas ares Se ninatn amit gaara Sg Coteatereneme ireone eve Penman cence aac igre ete rare pace SERS S peo cas seeepeetrnn eae oat eh ue nae Seger oe ei Sample rar enesiaraas ao gue ett ee mizoeee gamneoees Saee eae mite ects eee ore ear Seating pore eemes SERS oe eee aaa eran Looea Fat, Anonaon rer yn ama ran set! lng gn ten eat ot pa eee nee meena a Srp peas deanna cenit SEU cpcpnaettaremta aes So Reaa saree sees Hoeahe see peep ooeie ogee ec iempee teers See eo eer enna ce arenes Saeco eee eee Sieeaceeriaie eeeeaemene ements SS neem ian ae arr te Since poner yeaa ae ely very lage late nto aly poe ‘seams cstv yd cmon eau fo {be ial computer The power yum noe hau be capa tbe {is gap snc tory and computor ton, a hi sje wil De coghar ‘ind throat ho xe tation of vita, cuent,inpedane, poner rent peer i pyre pe (Gltanpee) rb mune! per sara of any any eta fot ‘hoa tse qunity of the xine dimuaina Them per ant any “tera qty wth pet toa chosen bu val yy omy amb rr ne i ying tnd ‘Bown in Tele 11 together wid ts Ou! te wt aes Te, Bed tan tims of tote, and caer example The mean Ia, hom {Sins 3 eye eens eine Senn ot ‘etter ded yay to on rea soy In'power em clon the minal volage of ne and squint nose thage Esown ao the akage somone aerate fo chooa’ Atco ace [ily enn tobe ne sppment power eoltampere) In eqapent te ar bv Unwed 100 VA, S00 MA "ake mame tamper a i en lprte he ye, One te vag se stated mitre bse tage mat bento the stay ‘ete one by th tis eis of the nacetng wandfomers Spal Ween! {Bene produ aout loops sal tony. ire 'senedin Cpt tient th tr tn cd to ete the ‘ser ae vl oe tan f° oregueen YY maloew gute bse unt by de aarp B, me hae oo per phase evo 55 VA aon eerste ¥ an aera 9h A an ase 2= 24 = ETE a aay Sin in ae nn tae Yo 14 $f mo oo a ving dein th he quanti, we can normalize any system aunty by hog ee gary Se vane ere The rele Note that the dimensions (ob) cancel athe oi a dimension un ‘tows untae sec pr tof pth pot ane might quan te {vent of ug the same ryt, Z for bat te pe tpn de Stowe the yom of unis he ong Sd 1 orvenint Yo ae ame oe {in orp quate ‘Ua wow rnin ures that eto 8 Deut afin tent” pun equation (16) Fubemoce, where ee = area gestion of uns, ee wl swage ony ter gn by 2g ‘Bape unit ach te otton (2 sh) of equates C8) ince we may wr = Xn ohm, wera die bt iden ot in oy 2p th te ei » a8 Bone ps an aE a» aoa a a iar mane we ita = PJ vam, nd oy Sa, S2P+50 pu a0) an oan cee eraser cnetercomtae ‘Son; weft sbi uation (4) into (1.6) with her i z= (zotm St pu aus) ‘Teo such pu impedence, rl to tie rpc tae qui, ce nem ‘wt ing toe abespéo foro ah fo es 2.12 om) f= (20h cae) ut the pte oom vl mathe the se no mar wha the ae, Raa fngthe 2 om) quanta in (110, web soe (Be) (B= eo uation (116) it very important seit permite wt to chags be withoat owl of the ole ue (2 bm) Mote that the pian lec athe chen (no) reaper tae ad mealy wi oar ft ‘etapa In most power stem potas the nominal emmion oe volge a ‘pown "I hese nominal ftuge we churn a he bt voltages 2 mony (holo for he Sy wile the basen, as pda, an ce aaieanee, ‘Thee er fama Tae oral wae of tr lag anf Several coorneat MVA lena: A or reine tof ae vee ge {The equain dered fr pu impedance (112, te pron for pu ait tance,» comet aly for «tapas stn In heats nowere, i chen preter fo work with tepatevlmpere ad ine tone olgst ems ron by retin (2.8) og ep ee36) an ‘ut iing Lo indent inetotne” and 3 fr “tee pha” we wie for 8 vou IB v ow Sup SE VA (119) Sp compe om Ya y= £4 (¥ abo) pe am Rem plang wanton vas aes st tm 5s: ma btw os 2 BONY 8 hn om om yon eta sda tr Gna tnoaber or eyes sar SCAM Vom we conte y= ise Yam) 29 Ce BS OY aes = ue" G0), ae NVASy eM) ‘rato 1.3) ne sth a een in etn ar "uy te Lad 4c te mid thst ambi, bt iiale ane by nl et in oping ea nt co fh roc or tanamison ine iis poe to further simpfy eqiations (3.28) to 2.20, IS ti en Hos no ee 1 te estan nome at es engi We mathe foowing aitaryamumpsons: Tine lng = 1.0 135) aoe tus compte eons per mt ba uc yb mil tun (38) may bent ta comet the alse cempete! by thet pes he “hut fore ml of ne p(t) Bue NVA ea ymiiky pw 0.28) i oe Ao mi 138) Ke” Gu kV) Bae Va? oa Siataty. ne conte erat 195 am maar" y= MOMER CO) sonata 1) “Te constants Ke and Ky my now be uted for coment ed Yl 15 comer tam Pr Unt Vu Sytem Vl ne rari oman compe fin de a Gon umene a GnViGuevyo¥ ¥ (uP) ae VA)=P (m@)(bueVA)=@ va aso) ‘stipe tem “To clay the fresig proedires ome inl extn ae presentenr a ty ei nu of ie ot ome [Eta ar content pedance Two such repromntationn, pte tse RRS ea : % (> toad cine power in var stented depends ony pon th ppd vagy, PvE, ay) From uation (1.19) weve » as) hrs the value slept a purse Suiting Ry from (130), we By =(01V5) (SP)= VP, pa 33) we nts that (1.8) athe sas a (131) afcpt that al aes rep X, =(¥IV)5u0)= V0, po ase, [ice of tem quntten = ViUhei), Thas revi Pegeuiee apn 1.38 by Hocnn weve oe ass Poo Meteo am pert 0 a aeoitepgeoie as Eon (1.381 te ded rebut tina a pu, Sang no 2.9), oe, At ‘Ten we compte 0 (1.98) " 39) arg x FESO 9, 40) 20MVA. oth npdie ot compere tothe ba. The oad: SMVA tO pagcwnmir:x 1030 (2) ( ners =e (2 mus (2) ex-010 (2) (20) oss aay SS ey gy pte oy pcan enn a Mee nme as) 82 +10 iso + jain) S408 +08) 20) 8 EOD. gan v2 yw as) ample 13 ‘Som in Ezamle 12 thatthe moot ea mycin machin dnwing 40M0VA 20.9 knottin wag np Wha oa Type nave ta wPoB o 92110 2EE 9 son 0.988 ps ve Nay "ear 1205545 + 0.0805 p1 ay ite impedance ngs tse sal anh ne tohag e fo ‘eam power inthe rblon, Tete peta ua votnge $11 +10 (0+ j0.213)(05546 + 0.089) =11- 09191 +0318 1.08 018 pu 10871624" pon 13.22 tase 1m th ook we wil eal ith vlags and cunt nich af me phasor ui Ths ipl tht all gna ep sine war ylge aed bt with tne aoe spe Tour ny he mapas epee ‘Sade pe sno hn aves ws Too th spa sr efinion: A poe A ex complex ne which eed th ine oman ia any by the aprecio? 0)= ayy BA™) a8) Ie ers inte of ite mgnide Aland ange weave A Al and )= Bab THALe—") = /AIAleonlst #0) 146) ‘hat anton (145) (46) conver th ma pa (cman) quant oe ‘Geer refrale to work exclave wih complex tm phoor guns Nu the int fh tion The porn po rig vo” ‘quantity. Note thot angle constant frequmey (Consian 0) in pled by the definon. Since we ae dealing wih tnd sate sluons of mt ‘work ir constant und impedanes ba conaamt rio of V/ and el a phot {come ‘nny, “Teen howe, noosa to conser impedance tthe alate = yBLdlcotat+0)+ W/BLAlIN (ot +2) ain +1000, aan, {ee diferente (8) with respect ote, we have eVBlAkin(ot +) ortrom (14), sso cs) Suiting (0) om (148) to (1.47), have he ferentiation 410 ent) joy TAC! ston i LEA tetra= 01) Byetete A, Kt) aye Waar eho fone for competing a per A, based om defini (148) an Tee convert ta thin of (1.9) a a “phar norman” which we fot) = @tVBeortwes a} = 0.80) [AL = sai/2Ae™ 200) sy) Neu lela to eines ecient ‘ur oper wich wil a0 1a to hp angi t= phasor an ave ‘Etonic unchanged. h-conmon notation or ths ts Sete sage. = 6! css) te pons 103A eh 1927 ba tag te OF" 4015. Seed te tema #60) st a paw ttn 0) 3 Sea lle sre of) we ne ener 2 Symmetrical Components ‘etry ttn el ing ot ne a) hn ing ro eft by #120" pase nd the pete rae Such wvcletion wo tiecompiety of detalng sah tral andes of bern See stave ange foros wih sbaaed ou Tha i pomble Doce oft Foetal pon don by Fri tn chert ‘Phas san aon bet of tele pase has he volgen 3 bin ean neve {ey be aly im deta tr“ a an imurarin othe at ‘tre mote general polenta pas satan 21 Syme Component of Phe Syn [na brian paper pubihd in 19181] CL Pore proposed a ate ieherety an umblnced wet fn phar iy be nse to ht anol rahe ten of iret plas barnes on re phs semsece te By aon spe ay sh ao ‘Conair the naimeniondl sete of phasors dese by the flowing ea Vee Va Van Vas Vy anVor Vanes Yon = th second ef lnc phasor with an angle s/n be re Vaca Vay the (nT et fan pee wien ne Bin thereat Stones Been VonsVarycrVoq =the al nh st of bined phar with an ge ‘tie} 2am companies vase compen of it uation (2.1) may be sili by adoping notation smi to he spear en where n= thesptem denon o umber of past. Then 1 = rotates aphata by 4ePaians 1? = roars pat by Brn ans Foto of pce ane ‘ng the tion (22), me operate on (2:1 by malig the equtlone By ou detaon of th pte ounce yams. weedy Va ay aN aN eo is ce find hi nc ohare aly en ae 2! ebren ‘toplcemon,fotatng Vy ty Be aan manos cocde wth Vy ee ‘obese ati am af al the compat ot equation (2) a Smad no (8.8 ote nd sar eh he Site ali" an bows wn vray 2 TT ig Vg FV es ‘Th am ro ec he iit hd i of.) a acd et ages (5) erp the ie ad to er ce ys al eed of ele A Sep eqns (2. thn gives tbe rent = Masts tation prov conorent wy of wring eatin (2.7 (2. ei the equation 1 Vn sce pod wee Ya, Then fo es (3) yaa of phasor V my be ese intone ts of ys whch dee = ms pea" ely € re ey eee tr ofthe lhe pse ae ea fod oy icy ‘ice (2.10) dete strantoraton, the iguen of is operation bof mci at Te storaton rien t td oly © beneLT iets and we may write rom (210) veay ean ‘Bquaton (212 incl that the phar eitnge may be synod fom the ‘oc cpm ofp sc mpc te Os, Ciel t econ € a wpa ee of te Vandermonde mat set tet ett coke rer of agurce eatin. Subang io (E18, wehane _— a | GPT Bs AD= 02D RNID AI Be Red (IHD and 9 0 that Pe onal ang. aw iy ein rin a sown in agare 21, Tu the Wanetormation (2.10) ‘o-tnd the inves tpafomation, we eine etion (2.1) hee Yan ™ Vou Seal smmetseal coepensnts ay be wan in tne of oe ae # ‘Spent netwite (21) etey as ateton a pas «The———_— — —— Anes aU x0) Pog = 390 Vb UE = Sae(Valle* Vall *Vult)"S0VieEs | 230) "etn 2) os ct a cg ne poe onto sich at oe * nes orl Dla We maine hat A ites rom A onl a Aaeed ane d w am But fom (2.8) thi ay sould be el othe ty mae Prom i tw cole tha B'V8 Tor pomer tween Tie mane at we hae he aed h i 25) Trafomaton (2.4) oft ound rect power Man ee es = VS er the powermt rnfamatin e238) ‘ais € "A fom (236) ln his way meet tn wane ensornton a Se tow het i dnton sn th wo opr poe ea Pag=($) (asta Vols Vatad eam [25 seams Conponat or Ute nr noes pr gm nd we geal Aan Ip thet 2, 20) bth a til ides one el of phn three unbalanced (comple) phasor voltages. "We apply 4 similar wohnigee to sie fps of aang metic of kelsal a ain the tag op atone 28 wEVESS fbr Van actly VawateAppying he nec fon (2.24 both Meret ah have AVnoan 2A ea the ymmeticl components of the vellage drop are en by Vert AEA Ln es) Vanais "anon b eu ‘han Zapata defined by the say sentomaton (7) Tagan ALA es ‘Te concept of the init traforation gr mathemsti night ito {Be option big frtormed We nce hat ner operator whe ee foro cent r vlogs fom oh coord ya (B12) 9 enter ae ‘oltage opin the 01:2 coonimaesyrem. Se A'-¢ A he antormaos, Ane mati fund ity a ini y (240) ae +2) er ~ Band as ~ Zl Zana | ar Zuid Eon Zand UE * Ml 248) Mla, Zug) Epc #2u) on Eel Zap = (19) Ly yy 2) Za“ (18) Lye talny 020) 2h, io) aaa 02) ean Zen“ (08)2u, tag +2) Zee“) 2y, 2°24 azn) ean 4 thee dofins ne have taken avant of the ft hat mal mpedance ‘eed tne oe feu (2:21 in goog oo ers (277) (210 We onda canaus symmetry in the dentin Sinn equation (2) se til myer pny ce ett ‘either h from (2.38). (Why?) Sees SLE Sa ne cemn a mmc Setar mae gee ean: ‘ny awa Ths mens went coping Bees garners ht Bosch Vem recta ene else teats ae eee eee Sipaidivis Succeed Speci eae 2equlinpetance In any pois the if or mt in fetes eye St as ham cn etn 21 a Za=2n 70 250) Bony recigrocl bu that ues sre coupling biwoen sequences B Noe tte epi ee (2.0 0 (580 do it eine pep Ben Speci cate J-wymeetc impedance, A ernie eta those ove go which the lor mt pce mwah oe oP fata 282) I hv echo the lng become Buy “WIDE 2s) Zn (SNe Zap) 53)soe te ta spacer re Zan = ANE 225) 2a Fas" (OME ese) ‘Ti oto, apd with spect tal ot mal npn, aka he ‘eeu srmmetc with reper to hat Kind of impedance, Hower, ‘cna of one without he tne lines the mats Ronee ne imeny, $i we hare lor pont ptm tno Kind of mp Sn 1 the impale mati esr, the vole dope vanish ad he problen Seger one, A gona mute ane tha toe nqueenr sep ‘Strom ne sequanea produce vag ope on tat mune ery ‘ae chrctrsie A mmcrc mtr mets ha real oop ‘tween ecquononr but tat th toroa egy the soupng om ponte eee sequences exactly the sate he coup Tem pte to postin. ‘Tis station tn be smlned by a pane Seto. A none mets ‘ens that the sata ouping eat theme betwee a seo, Ta ily nos som rf ny mtn {pe the computation of oly te ape (orloer hangar nex ec ‘Syumety. in ow of cur computation we wil ena he sel mpedancs i2reuuat Than xcopy for the eae of amoary omen) mata Prot ie one ofa ioral symm ma epraeation IE ‘Spence oly symmetry. an coc he Fray "ori day af one nan Wn ta oa seme pat we ay on bang ws may pe ‘ot wcton 2, Laws and Pye (23) ave seme! ha nth cae the tmpedance +f Be] Demtes toy sar ot lees meget saison th ay rw = 472A dapat 2 La, wet cei decouples the sequent fact that makes symmetrical componots ex sesh et ig ih mtn Prorse the option ae Baby oy ohn Berta tal 42, esr i so owe in {19} that 2p Zab Zag he guna of 2 Th tereote thatthe ggasi doe sd at cman Uf A we he 27 tetanus Ne 'n many roams the anand portion of the py pa nt wo ln for su wn tne re ft a oer ile Teste rnp. "In uch probleme stu od onetime geptn to Geciine sin (es) alo fd he sence ot on ts ym a Yo whch he aed core see bs ne he na out” Say. sons Soe eon fats» "al" beg my connection or station which nc urls on sconecod and cont thee er ae amped he yt tabince rem, ange in thea way hones ting the mo a pro ee haa et cio mt sound Sac the pte snd opt toqene cats ee alced te ae cunt, ty oo he a pane setropa network. ‘Te rr sequence caret generals dillon mp {ce om poste Sd oat guns cen nd maf sre sa tte peance. Mchoe tpdances we ly ieee sen The tone of quence nadine ml pes expando upon ath soon netwont cs te a ne darned an be alan ty Revenant ie or et mee ‘ter Cig rt mt). pete eo nly Sewer the even equvaon pats fo te ow i pectic! ‘The There squat velge he post eget wot {BeSpen cicltvltage a he fet pete apa qt Thevehih (Srivtent or epen cite in ihe mpuive edo snueone otros at Sho tenure derition tne only soba enercted he thee pace ‘Se poatine soquence quences) soe ‘quence tetwork af rly donated schonaily by boxes in whieh he fn pi septal a a he Tein ag nde Sptnesequenee 2H Fo Tt fre Sera important defitiny ae shown in Figure 25: Fit the diction | somes en ta a ny fm ot he Pieri. Ta {bir aime comms a foving ont i aac comet Sed ows harder to posed wih problem sang” Note tat the Thea ‘gua voltage sn se Vy whch te prota Pope) wtp of pase Tr (Ta vlage &someties titel Fy esiny oe) from Pate Ltewmte te inortant equation forthe atge op rom #12 a BY BS ox) snosutpi at can ony coding fwing a he Vp = 20, IZ, (0.210% fads "020%, 120 “(084 Find the pac and tose velar F "ro equation (258) Bld Be ag Fp Nt a sed ae fea ee a Eine to ound fake whet: Zinger an Senn compute tenon alge ae the rerio (2.60) and wie Vis * Ve Vy "0- 1256296. = La6u4Re pe Var =Vo~ Vo=(609- )0886)- (09+ 866) j.102 1.732. 90° p Vena Ve- Von Ve = 280882" pe the thre ves cal in pu on pare vltag tse, On ne totine vag or whch may be more meting, edie ty yor Vg 07220635 pa we eon 8 show at Cf eunon (210 naga by pring sentry pions [7 24 Butte Code erind C= A tere, 5, ‘RE Mitt slr 2, 28.6 and eh srtAnalysis of Unsymmetrical Faults: Three-Component Method ‘se espe il te olowe gay oh yp ofa xp wha “Suse fut a uate betes paw ton pnt a {Enh sve fl in uns inte ie lpn adoro oro ti inode ieee y cnn Me nl i iy in nce ten of a ton. a oy ay ‘renforaton; From equation (2.25) we wie ls “A La to p62, wh tind ows (a8) 1. Skech sce gram ofthe ul pot shoving al pte connections an 7 rm ne een a 1200ora quence cunt ae equ Aho, weave from (3.2) and (33) mers Van + Vay * Van * 82) bas — 4, Sequence caren: rom (te ttn nh our ae $e et 12h Rte ion of ts xml pedunc a ote oe PS 12.3, Th fl conecon shown Fg 8.4 With ti conection me cam Se 6 and mowing the sequence creat we ely Sind the quence vets from Sgention (238, ent spl tern shown in Figee 3.5, cones of « genera, tun: ~ HL EE ié i with fl tance of chine. Th following dts concerning he yer Wl anda: OB0i¥, <= 8108 comced SY pode ‘ead sae ccstant =} ind of 10 Jo MVA MS RY impedes "Lath ee ‘Generator x= (0125)(2028)- 010 pe x= fonos)(200)= 409 ps ine 104) (a Ha0)" 030 pw oa (a ers pane) oepP Peg _ (2071 20% 109 40. Sig x = 107508, The he pst once fo «UG Leon Tho oa curent (with Va he fein phase) 1, PH -18 95-5028 pu ‘Toe These atge at ba Vy r 10+ )09408- 30.25) 4008) Sor26+ineus= Lorena? pw West VY, = 1012510" mt become he relearn eft cea [fon The impedance ama looking mat F1 win shored 01 + 0.57 on te Dettinprsat i 18." )086 ec oe01+987.08+ 999 one, ‘ny and an ope stelt fo the right of ta Chua Zs Ue um of te io and ‘Tinnpetnces ory" 01 0 pm ol peeled eT Es RR omen nce tres shor i ype the 22,0, +25 62,0950 + OBR L9URE ws tn 218004, ema ho ite pe oa by coi Voy = Zaks =(O288G9.7 (078420) -onsiang +-0200- 0102 pa Vag =p Zyl (1.012510). (088218 Sones + (0.236 + 02078) 8 0 1 Vas Y= 0408-10.9170~ 04600428" ps Ven Zily= (06070 826) = 0468) 428 =-0200- jo102.4- ponia+ 9211 asia S-nans- jnsta~-o90uGnT 200-202-2064 «07088 + 9o249 + jo.asee ants +sie6 0904) 63.7 Tit lags how in Fe 88 oer wit hen tne volebile a 2 Boundary sondton: By npuction of Pie 2, trenformation; From th cay ing rand 2Aa8 ane AN (Ven a0) ee ay fasta nic gts connec own om “bso te her afale impedance of ohms is usumed between phe band. Lat b= 1 The aque netwock re exact a shown in Pgue 3.7, bt the connection tot of Fge 15 With tw cnecen te ttt imped B= fy 202, 0400-+0614 = 07650540. envy iz, 2012810 rl oasis Iev-he iV Mg *-186-1.38=- 292 p= 1920 A Tye be halo a owe of hee 2st = 10125 (08821813) 3964.55.) 10105505855. 0.1085 pa 8821673°)-1 325155.) 27 01085 pu == 0708008 pe 0106-+7s54- 0218-0423 sod +joasi 0302226" pasine ote om ye ete as ar 1328 ¢041 pu = Chae!j1d9)02)<-0372- 0276 pw ich good check oar the alge eed aor dara fcr ad vor nin Fe 3.12, Noe a dry conditions by mapecton a 2 Transformation: Pom (3:12) we we vere HB vad (28) But rom (2.1) nd (92) le find ha Yeo Mengde ta 19) omy sc we ate st) (3.21) and (322 ae equ, me colts wrt fray Sad wing he real (820), eas)5, Sequence ote: From (3.0) wn tt th a oe ES ce wt sch ato (028 ge tm tea es ONE. teal Zeon roa, 2.=2,+0128+;0307 Zeorep, | 2,-08+0 shown in Figure 3.16. "Pte mpeance een by came (0328 + jos0ni28 -jo2 = 0617 +0518 = os0staR8" pe 1250308 = 0908-40805 ps womens By empecion of Pg 9.18 we compute Sina, = 1008230 + (088 - jo) pa s-O295 j0u721181- joase- 0200-936 89 j1318~-206(088" pa Spor «jt saa= 1.774 po Pins 1,61, =-0382 40.207 pe But mo mays how rom (2.2) a (2.16) atVoor Zalg=-(02 + 027-0286 40072) 0018007 ps Vas h¥p- 2st =10195- (0428 +5007 (0988-806) Totas- (0.370+90.195)~ 06828-0108 pu Vas Bila" (0128 +0907)-068- $0232) Sosti y018 pe Vou d= 04425-0193 - 020.986 0806) The ps tage oh awn & 00487 Joa7- ost +yna595~ 0868. js2T0 ‘As check we compute om (313) Sosa jo.) + C0241» 9085) -0.609- 50380 ou Alor heck, The cent and og haste ltd in ie 2.17 itis inporant fo see pneons Pi eae the one orcs Se! sed ce man be csc to wey nat cee els ae agate Deepa ng. socom the amp alto detain tay an tert iy opel in sme ues when ome sya oman ck ible cen ered that or yes tal at shared romp, Sry nS atic tp of nb ome rend imptinte 2 : ont cnt ot emnet Pee aa Seeley stn weeks Var Varehttestattadt Ete 20 Si aye A (8) yep tow Tee NS ON 2CN ly 28810) ow wt squntions (9:28) an (2.90) and secopeee that 1-8? =-# and seat ot rom (2:35) we ce that he to quar i pnts on te righthand de F(e8) arcu, Thue (638) io to Ben Zila Bh =(02 Vas Zee) Vener fs Ha) 8Zahe Ban Bile Beye)” War Zn) a Bled so wing (8.3) an sine re rene Sure Si ha) en i wich ee Vn =O a Bot or oge at (230) a Pe ey pil catecea tent be en os seas hE EH es ne ny the nance of rnd hve be 0) Corie» Se fut with fl impedance of os (2, +4 ohm) at Co Ap 0125 0 2%, one aTsapssiana! <1a4r- 88 pe ‘he voltage at the ltt : Wea Ya Bplay =(O2MLEAT- 9.84) = 0830- J0908~ O4SLLARL PH coats tng in pues dc fond by png pas tan of BD eno" rcpt to the ato eal TC eoig to coms he et of ral 81-1.4 0 see et ary tree of the donno eal pein, F ng a SAPD pins ach rere 2 cen 2 2 a crane Swi Tole 3. Tes ear i tte Foltnas ne hae the comparsons som? ‘sens. omg, tat he SL. fr the most sever fom he undp ferent magi, a eo nyt ie wl ane be ce yay ean. Tit Ferme ede noe pence as ROSAS flo ser Tr ot ten ne ee anced aE git meh hee Se ee er aes eee aa te abn mann occas in, Rete [1a Bs he ot ee crork connection fora bamber of Ubee speci eases, and some of RRESE ietiamendod for study inthe problems atthe end ofthe chapter. oot UnyaiFtTe Cogent s In al the shove the computa of it cei nd vlna td pom seit apes Seat even age hi eels ss Pit dation ofa oy sds td he eget dete, hint be fo yi ped eo rein {Ste nt ‘Not it ie bach euent dots net Ica te tlc od the a an oa cuenta ay be wed ea pepo to bans ‘etal curentowing eat he lapped Pipe 3 forthe SUG tat conden o aap 32. SERS. Ha imal on roc vagy 2.0080" ane ‘ouored Itt were sgiiant, the faut iment cou aly be rotated gree gt tee land ee ppd Fe a ee LSS IB ESRD bo Stak pint the sees ac nF Racy thre et ey sme sem, thon ron had pare F and. Caretdicion tated. be om F io sand wongShy Sar mer tn one pre no es nly eae Toe itn mp gesting tiny eye ‘mute are no pote instru twopotdapioniconerd. Many ‘Sthn, To or ump cme opr pmo mehr at ‘re iad pou ses af puta re daowed-¥. ZH, ABCD. nad fc era vont we ei enw nsdn a yee sng fo aa oe hi a Tu etd port ‘aah tow Pee 821 Roe it i ve Pls od cet a ven any “Seshown in Chapter 2 the gor cs of oer blanc i, wth Z # tevy (as por neorort shown 2 Pigue 338 wha we def tn caents ta beeaeing St paral fleet thal open inaeThs @ ely hed By oar “att “> fro atl au AE on open cisitimpdane parame inet ound by ming the rts "open Thsi Hi | Sombie! with (8 fore npn union Ve Van YBN, #24) a) 1912s Za Sabin for Vg the vl ate om (2.64) and mpg. eG Vass Zul (USN2s 20M ad 60) rom the two egutons (3.68) and (68) we se thatthe seen networks ‘at be conned ahr bn Page 920" oom Pigse 2.0 Tow te ur pc nen fm Pig 321) wey Sa Ugttasted Weer) ew = 2uu Za Bn sn We ae dined ivy vlan the diction fy flow fr hut Ea, sib pn cat lage om Pt to we orb the ope det ota op rom Fo Fo Uy = Vast =0 en 1 open ie a «We «Bonn (am a (i= 250 +N +20) An By $Dtia By) * Zall” Ze 22s FEN DI ham lay +20) em srhre Ze dened win (3.19 (One open lin conductor in pte os a pec ete of he peso cnt i Set thow a ge 4. ninco tanh I Seek Trey 331 9 nin oe 2G ha nt ene set ‘the parla by ipection af Fpwe 3.31 we computee898, Seger ern comin fn en at alba tbMbo 20) io a "bats +29) es) hala, +20) amy sox an gr yi S ‘ . ow ’ 2. Boundary conditions: By insoction of Pg 3:32 we write os ‘ic om (288) Ye™ (Wate Baha) * Wass Zale) * (Was Zaha)“ (888) Teas haan tmpcen 7, cud be saad with ah tweet aston Pine a, tof 2] "4°" [ree Portas ‘alST ee lalulie oe —. aces pee ee 158 gyro wt rt poe soba nn Se ae ee orp “ 10) ap etn a rund ane wate Wn ch eee eter o> 0.06 pon gern ating,Sequence Impedance of Transmission Lines See of te ea eter wh ae op seco sevens ewe. ‘one mat rind to Sie he np acc oe {he simon of the anette fod in any rerncn precy those ty Force (3), Wage and ans (10), Care (0 iy 17, 18, and yt Wetghause Conporstion [14 a the Oar ec Company (20) Boi he tes pesto wt. wear ft) eee ‘he empha fore wil be on providing neg and demanding an sta Ine comet expen mths or deeming cence spect ‘he je ovens edn fllows Chaperone the ee ipolancr and sdf f anemone Nace Cue Saperstein Cnaper si fw int pine aici a tc of te on 10 nol tanepae line, what elect ds ths havo he pnp Pete Stn of sve ota Shad na fof A sami nn snr di, nf tango pros en ie ph ence of the api ‘ota makes no diference si the2 none postive and aeaine quence impedance ae dent of Zo22 R01 jphae an ‘Unaly we compute he ipa On pr wi gh aan py y the nee 2, +0r hei) Oiphae an | Sneatanes to pote seuans caret a och as tng ‘lin ne The rance rs snpytherance of one phase conductor or hulp engine ancl eaboated by mie amar funciona tempera nd vor WCesume tht th rnc he same al thee ps, ‘The reaance nt yt oda oe tit oe et {ewommene meat) canter ofthe conductor saying te ret sarent The Sento ne Pea ta? 200% 1077 as ‘ae tm ed fer aplication (ee Sereson [9] and Woodrlt [21) Inte nm wns a clin cone of ner inna {Sp ofm mms) na (coming of ra) ao m= (pe fag sm am o.- (crater ena atest) Da “Wa PrePua! ag a 2, =(DaPada'® as TEP eH CMD ok te a pont of mind ee ne ‘sh me aquaton(.3)may be ween n i more aa ome 2 ami a sion (1fpaceg)=02maie 2 aim ws 42, (pein actor)“ 010132 Dy Aas «9 roy peti (48) ction oy of he contra coda a Sov ly BiB tapi Bata (9), me es ae stance spacg fname” Th ats ed only beaded to ad sys rin ay ofa crea ‘we ‘ai one cat ‘inact educa voltae fret unto lng o he ari bct tea kags| Secu tne ea fi cons wee dae Adi > 0 Wotan an y= hao ung song sit 2 (s,~ lament of ng loge 1 aio ne, (4.18) may be a9)ft ai j] vant Gs) tl far ty cing he oor V2 Gi Fa Bae tle amy taf Bet Bay Be Benth 38) ing egunon (1.24) an (25) an poring kn let wa may wrt toi pada of equation (3a) folows Tow if impedance of ie ++ Ung he above efitement ornteraindacance we ay resi (4.17) rola (4.24% SS snEiScaTetvot ep se) Be mgt dois aa ‘Sf mpedanee ae 280+ ea fun length ED TED CGR] C21) auton aa) m ESTE) Bhat ge “To uamig thes impact (4.0) (4: 4.9) ely pte mpd ited bbw inte of pa tn Primi self ampedences sron(n 2 % 2 2) anne sas site rat ath rev tiled rman sso) Pri tn tone mutual impedances 2) anata nim st nth as Primi inet tal ion 1 (eB 2) iat Farag) eee ao 1) ani toa eee zastor(m 2-1) nt ie usa snd muta mpeance ning eget (408) and (49), Forsimpy weet OT ppeoination | YD. =Dus*Dae sector) eee aitogh asin traytiokinBe ayaa ta aon) ta sreetekm Ze anata se tre fakin Pe fait eth (455) ing et a mptine te hv ace ropa he pha fad mapas of the 69 tne shown in “Ta Ate thatthe tequncy Ub He (a = 3) andthe pe wi ped ty tds tt te ne ies he tection inh neigh inne it ery 1)constant ok iy from Table 41, w= 0.22104. Then, from (454) de self ime pesance tore (0.278 + 0.00526) + yoa2196 5 ‘The mutual ippednces ae computed from (4.5) follows 20 22. 9908 0.5000 Amt 009628 +012 For 40 ios of line we muliply the above wales by 40 to wt, mati ‘qe +|(Gei2vizrasay’ (14as2 8s%e) (S612-)97339) (EES ECE ES (aia eran) rot the mae squmon (447) 1 appar that he voltage do slong ‘From equation (4.7) is ppaeat tat the phase conductor of thee phase rat te mutnly coupled we th cress n ay one conde ml Preduce ‘sige rope nthe ndfacntconducionTorkermore, aw Inde ete “Sop! nay bn unl Sen for tanced cust vce the eb sngenets ‘ipeed ene onthe poyselamangemest ofthe mes rom equaten (88) rt heel pic a gt ny wes DD an cor rotations of the reed lie nies A tenaposon ia physical rtaen of Sai arenes tech condemned fo ssty ft poston arangenet shown In Figu4,wher the conductors bn st ower “is SSN yl ey ew cmp fint column the tmpeee mate of (44 for oe eal ent rel thr ac the impedance fhe cond aan sad aly O ed isc stan igure 47 “tnspotion” and tose canneton of sina spurte by a aces roitons ma irrponon Se iy Sereda’ wil ed cometh ng at wo mast num more sey Retrevs the two if mea 0s — EY ping a inne main hi ois mathe te le of occu y thr tn ttl inpednen of coctr 2 eI Beton ati wes snr on cw pe «so coon he eon en, am he tn, det,| | tas vratataltm Pes tum Bests we) a ra crasiane(imBertnzers 2s) a cass ‘Compite th total iapelanc of the ine a sample the ne tae po yo tains ch Alam foninos 00m fonien os rs in Tength."Then trom (4.68) we premaliply by the length, ® mie, 9 fornthy [062 Juba)” (2996 fiery (ote + ote) ores jaren (oes jeaeey” (2aes fie es on an is trpoel to 2231 contguton a scion premupeation by 12185 Bet, (seme fade js) a 13:28 forty = [tLte3 3100)” (hate ivan) hisa+ tee) Ja [isa jose) (aasyrio0) (ara sst7sia) ‘he thin seston 20 mile long and i ranipowe o #312 configuration ain (a) Then prmpenton 9 20 Boe [2466 +2088) 1.906 +111 968) ees foot = [LES ESR) Fes es) UL sea (1906 18665) (1900+ 18.065) (248 + 0.88) [i trr-jnate) (anaeiees) ata ee 2 2 ‘uc=|fastasiaosaoy” (Leaaasjsaanh (aate.cjaea3) [siz sees) (Sbi2 jana)” (leoss +8076 Shaina ant oe we Heap te to TT cctieene btwn tbe ge an sat tal ean i pence : Resta os sare trate cowie meas ee ete rote EE ERED (HEBER (URS (2. esos) (aud +Jasox5) (2287-438 [feaer ie.sn) (eaer sjiusea) (aaeo sao) (asses +joare) (aar2+se702) (aia +2599) (seizsjarsea)’ (1easa rsa) (312 jonaro | 2 (ania sjasan) fasigvzssiey Ganda i987) an maine ess now i t= 71880-25314 2.0180, which Sone ont nag! orang we rotated interop ein, yen te pan of tw eco neon woul be am (4.83) oe (2257+ 14390) e287 +st6 Al otae = | a aus) (2aeT + 18386)| [der sfneans) (267+ ji696) (e089 85.00) lasize desi’ (ose resto) (sez sora) fagose +je.s70) (sar2+s28.06) nese [ [sie jase) (asia jzrasy” Goa +8870) on (4.5) te died equation for ine wich ha undergone a com {Fay tea carn cap he su ca of ned cent Se pre adm pes ane pace W Sarea aie carts tu vag ne ath and the cart pede ry ovmpte the seuenc impedance, rf he eiition of equations a8) 0 compuiefateh tine tatty fun enet raters 2 a a fatten, tees Bf aon ate rao Hoe of Erample 4 sala fort une nes of Bee 2 aed pesances by e smlany nefrmat (42) 210, =0, fro Goon josen (1ig0+js2368) (942 +j.a2) (oar joser)) (eae jay ci430+ja136 fin02, f+03, 08 ‘22886 -j1080) won josey osm a) eee otra a ea [i-o2es yo.0es) oes ejoana) i1t30 92.36 04, 208, hoo eS scum, meat (0.888 +0449) (077 JoaeT) (11.1202. {tthe ottangnal eae of ante Tolaions prctcaly site Ts ‘Suping ns nter exam we tow tho ncompleiy wespoed ier ‘ccaonlly aly fof the this line conductors may be tego showin Fgut 0, Thuy be hoot of as ng hae tmrpoaton snd ‘lin sonal of phe unc fram ec tne Mata ste 420) (son 1 [ oa) re he contain tt nga ats, (4203)ca) ann (a6) (4325 (an)[ding we hee the total inductance for pains whi wel Lae staremBieninZe miitime — (120 the theo limps fh an ert tn i tere Hite ror) takin fmt (ate) f= 60 ead the eng in is, SEIeTEE as Tyas yy ommen h ro EMUSeinE s qwauiansnaulweby bean em presen fo san ((Gor) sik Be amtensm (4220 serdunn (tang esokeZe ating — (4290) le with = 60 He an he gt i 28) +j0a8tin 2 sjpine ean (48) ety an 6120 ht rd by tt Tint unrpored tne The pnt (or ope) sues impedes a ere mealies inno ewe des esd teen Ne or ante Regt 18) eerie lia fateoduced a useful notation [10 p. 419} a follows, Define the stance of ne pase, fn gh ron frg= 000e7647 Rai sivtutind, sevuking, grokhnDag Sfontingh (4390 nenesraekee was 2s) nt wot Cima pace of the Aone trnemion neo xampe 41 souming bat sie completely tamsponed Les f= f= y= 1/8 “oe impedance tr Z, (4:18) excl the ae a that compat in Brame 4 ‘he ottlagnal terms all equ Z, of 4117, ond nv, we ist foapule Dey = MONO} = 28 Then 0.850 4) +1021 (yn 22 x ee eee] 2 femi2sy Za. [000 Lobo)” (211202382166) {0.000 0.000) (o.o0e + j.8e0) 0000" 000)” In Y20-92 168)ote ht fh smitty pl oe th fag ea a Sexon 47 nator that a compte tneponton of he pase wie, with ty fe imi gin nso bee eat Fac covet 8-2.) ota ety What tec oe hha [tne segunnce couplings on beste operation? "To anew ir uneontr fl to erating mnt we ea by the gain forthe sage op slong ine Eston (4a) he volge 2 theming lout of sine wn ampond ot ot ach tat f= fe tn tat tse ftom may take any vo tater and) eng thes iy. uation (182) thereone a prety ger quan fr anamnion int {roving the ne hs cq olf impenee cach pee om the tr {low Ent we may rte the elope op art gh BIE fa seteerdesokind apmiigt 4309 case raf hon] ote] fimZe] uittenge te 6) fe 4399 ol | De Cbviualy the woige drop in cach pase ives the impedance af he art, ‘Sten thug te olnge ofthe sui condor the pn flag eae TW onmeiet to think of tppatancs (4.194) an (4.135) athe etetve se sl and mtn! pdancer poe rem in which the rou es [ct conducting pla movi gre 1” Here eer angie Sina a of rings he pence one fine and bering berate nd zene at wong ed. Baton (4.18) (4.15) for he cuneate swe we afin meant snc By sping te ot uae unitnapt otro egunce amet when th pied velg ily pst ‘Sequnse Teaerming (413) te Veneta VI gt ~E23 Te ementof complt dhy (48}-(248), Aig te (4138) fit eng ajmicength Bee" (ies 2 #5) ue eng 2" ae nth zur (1/SMaey #825 +55) Sakina (4388) ne we apy (2.45) 9 compute 244, (/9) (ms $3 +49) Afton sitet 2, -(8) Uy ye a) fan ent Basen (1/9) (5 88 20) a length sn eodey, Gh net fiom fa rth (129) Since te amount of untae ic dtainnd fom the unbalanced cunt rid then, ant rug pds conven ot vlogssof ain pe an on au ‘tanites of ea ils them wth npn mn FER & oth define the pe uit balms for sto wequence and np quence ents 28) rer omen Bt (a4) aun r= Feat) an. Hae 28) eno my td for slo ine Fis hw at fren cman od onion aye ‘over « wider rungs, say from about 8 to 20" tut i only slighty afected by ‘ona wits Gro nd Nan [9] ve ck stmatng ce or thre a nth Srey farang nd contro Se ta (0) ond a ‘The utalne factor compte in equation (4144)(4.147) ae de ote {atom ie one line f unl To compute te ren ombnee we ‘ould ince heeft ofthe Teves eqaralnt pedane oing tsthe SEE fy pct nd sotaon of Fae 43 we Sve fre b[E* oe oe srr the Thetnin otge En and ie sty poste gence a te Finn wt pee yu Zon an Ee Fem e fete ew ony, mm (44) 4148 th ander ta he aes Bampe 4 . seme ana ‘om Raanlee 1, Prom ample 41 with no tnepoatons and fy = 10, fy =O, fy =O we (oat +a. 70a. i os. par You = [Cote oats 2217" fared) 2815-280] meno fositjoo10)” (ara +fisiey” (arta eae) From Example 4.2 with two roaons and f;=02, f= 03, =05 we fa764- yase7) (-0057- yoosa) (0074 +3005) You= [00rd 0.038) (oto0. 72170) (086 +7088) | mo (ooss aos) oss “yo238) (eeo8 77) From ample 43 with ope rotation and f, =O, fe =O fs “0 we fa. jaees) (0024 10248) 044+ 054s [Potds >yo0ss) (aes8 fr 70)) (0080 31.028)| mmho foes joule)” (Looe jaaeny” fos” 21-30pa ae, |om hie sea weakly compe (ose 22358) (o024s- jou) (0024s jor) sou [Coaaes spats (ooses sienast) Cows -jooss}] sem joasj00140)" (o04en + Joan) (0.0886 SEB) notes yanien sree faaos) (oa5t8-poasr) [otaze® soon)’ (0aza2 ston) (o172s” 108) ‘Then the total ipedance forthe 0 me fe i [aa77s +9.417) (0970. joss1) mune yun (ease 94318) (0.0226 p.0080) (0.0166 33] oo Jpaaoy’ 23400 fanaa) C2900 sfea9s yess)’ {iaassjiany (esse +2382 \Wemey se comput the wbsinc ations 0 we "0024-00 - ‘oTa5joo09 ~ 0°18 8: opea joorsn 2m» 0222+ 03089 ‘00486 + 0.0280 0.096 256 Feige ray area ree iene inert eare Sees ae eee ee oes fey sien mo we ater eee ibstcgarceme oaure mn Somer Spier Sar pinstiait i omer ates I any pal teal os, wer ae above he pase wre mii in ishing se erage noch {hk pound wares hae on th ine impedanrs al (10,11, and 24), labed y's shown wih sch end conmeieg ily Yo te loa oud ot ‘eae 4.15 gen euntion (4140) excep te this = Ve 0. Th cto pds rerio we 1 ies etpeie! ALL efeewe| fer ae ae mo ae] || vine lee} [o- ve: geome nl el [ef asm MIMSTTGS ER Soa oes ee hy amas, Lewes theta) (4360) ‘ng his elt of in (4.168, we atthe Vag equation from ae of el Lat] fa] veneonen a7) Spe Ba pavehew cam pea. Promtiby(02) we compete terrane, oe ceesjoninBe, peg apmtingn 4THonce8 + 0.1232) n 2%» 9.90528 0.884 a a) 8802165) Sit esi | 3 Fiaton| wus My COMES TR | fase) UL ‘Mimsy (aba S520) Vfosso:josty) G9 =oonere ass" “> artsy jaime "0609 aaase sochanged by aed fea epi impedances 2 an the tro gnc impedance changed @remarabe way (0) he real pf i iarencd by abut 40% and @) he smug Pt Ney He de ate haat the diagonal terme ae changed bt no yan amoat {The ro soqunee alae Hs ben hued by te son ofthe pound wie bt he epi snc bans sng ~ 0800s» 0.121341 3720 Ten pal compe we compe floing esc imps rhe arth line witha 8/6achcopperwed round wite the mpalane fr ‘ice stn gnen by fan.207+o0.148) (0.708- jose) ose. 527) foo [oat SOREN aa aie CN | comieee ten Oy toy = [leon joste)” (tiiz2- jetta) Crom sua) louse” jade)” (Loieediaes) (Laan ss2i63 wire pence gous ‘on. Toe seo sequence eatance rea igh compared te Goma Za ou nn. Pe rely the omitne quence ankles Se uncanged (Why). The so oars computaton mae in Exanple 9 excep onsite th contin ce sy hee the ound wie acted at tse beh os etre irs tse othe mgt of cote ce ee Seo toc~ RRSP GES HRCan, OM Ses) |e (G2 2Bitmsy teat sasous)” (ness + 6601) ee ete Ben Wee aot) (koawejtipoy (aiaas 6j92360) as, 0808-054 5804-484 -oossn anaseComparing seats, we note tat ltrs of So Za tenn vi he it wi th tom ct fo wit o.onse uasoe™ ‘ane rv Iie due pr ote iy hapa fe Sound {Sip ‘Strep ie hn Sean tag path ech ed ISD RSet 19 (4.160) an atc he degution rom the w ogation 0 egg Boy Fee) ~ Bae an Fe) ae lee = Beedle * Bos Fara aim ‘Alo tom (4:19) an (4378) te=- (la +h) (aa) a Fon ue) Ca Fin Er) Bige * Bag -& ca) ues come Cie eme soning 6180) ‘to, rom (378), we compute 2a SUD eet tay tye) fehl 4) Dag = DesDan Pus cass) he OND between the rund re andthe ps wit, Thee a (aso aly a sy becomes al, he fraction of he tal cant Bowing in he ed ne ins. po romeo tea ta cas) Neve Aa (4386) he crs in (4.185) ath phon maybe mare ean 1 take mr aquatce in Pigte 42" Lt the tree mite postions be eed a 9 sca the urneen Te 4g ere Ten in tone [BE] cas cnet ff saan1s pos pa otto >> Paar Dye NO. Then suntesraeakin Bea jakinge =n sake 28 ain cas seated, ssunmdny ca) ste, +9) ane ag 4200) de Be Note a tat sation (4198) a (190) etc opr ‘ue oc umpiely tase li, th ny appninaton eo be or the sro sequence impedance we write, om (248), Boyt 2e = (/INeaa ye #9) (IBN 29, ye) re EbeBat at) Bog fat Eh bey tn ANEDEC+2AD +280 4204-8 +CF 4.200) i8ekinD, + fdokin (4209) ee ich he GAD betwen he pase (4208 4208) 4206) jn onan (e207 ‘hie forma apes wy tat of 14] for he ee of one sound wi ani ‘Seno wn cmon i mute me pc 1H 1. The ne comply 2 Rete merit bao, (09), oe 4 The pe wits fa th ae eight above the eose eee Ky Tht nh ct ec te 1 tein i tape, he ten tices mi to ham of Table 9 mat tw ade ond the foal pecans Zo Ties tab ror 12 dy by amity tno, "he i ty pom OM = f= 31 el ee EEE Slee het the Grek suber nt define by (4213) i 48, Ti he el ewe f= =fo= A te tne gto (18) ik 26h fn bes (ISM Me Ey) = (18m * up) BK, ano, 5 KS yfeu ~ Ay "denominator of 4.218) aan Moreover te ae equations (4218) al nga tach that wey ine 9g Hy = VBI un) beotoy ta =tn=0 re snd the seuane inpodane ate (42t0) and a) hte eee a uakiey ou) inne aan ‘stm tem ao (199) an 24) ow: a tau ote) Hi tan td artes "To thi tr of (4228) mayb ep o compute (19K) ee 9) * (USRV Rae Bae 2 Bon Hee) ‘wht i define y 1206, In mot vee ie term mayb net uate HH +59) a ang a0) (theo) ane torne pound wine (2320) "Trou pane deed ty (4:22) myo be reuraneed Into fata fom, Prom (210) and (L230) me compute +254 = (9) ane yy) aim legs Poa)” GARD +2) fan length (4:28) Jeo "the thn tenn rogue ore deta saay We may ao (00) 10 t,t Dias tan ae Hope el SB at tl “dese an st Ne) ae tShe ye) (4290) 1th two rod were pm eae with ecto the hee phe itso boon the cs hen ng #4, ye)“ te 4a) C42) Tm ip Bey ston fave Bse\ Gece Piya Momever ithe tae oe aan t,t * Ble Bae ae Bho 2p? 428) We suo eae 3 a8 3K 3esetve*2be) But wth ene! ground wires (27 apt | BK Beha)“ Sleey tea au fn)“The he thd tem of (4-225) may be writen a ae #265 ape ley ben) (4209 sete 8° Sy teta tea) a 2am) “toe thee ye = Bre Hokln g Py re ee Bg) ae heath 4200) smo Sttve rns (Bre on) dani 2 =(Been)sifedse: Seu) anmitnnes ca oe Sapo ln 5 pun eneth (4.202) tans" Brg #4 ¢ik +) ae ed we Plain tile #1872 Py of (1385) nthe computation ofthe Fro buen inpeance whee to Bonn 1, Thelnesscompletaty tarpon, ef, “fof > 2. Th to ground mrs are yet load or {the ee pe’ waer me Mec! and at he ame het above to oun 112 Sant npn Lin ompulation of ine upedant may be ede to any aber of rou ie ‘Gre method ued inthe prec coctons “The most gener cae he pistes wie ac ice ky aga the pen TE tae ak ound wit pi padaon matic wil be of nde ‘+n T andthe sath conductor ay be elimiaad to mduce tee 1 ‘eae endo tTamit e us rer 3m, Then we may rode the impedance marc othe wl one ‘omy the equaton 4238) 4226 ‘ve mis rnd i lf an mt inp nd ery ei texnponed line When de ine completly sanpoard the eat gen (14) sar re) afd ith say and Zn) Bg defo Hla. The proof of (27) eta a 504] apts (4.22) ‘he aro muens peace of 4 completly wungeud ib wite wound recs maybe compote by the method asdom 10-412 Homer he ine {Peompley umpend the mar sojuance plane may be compte etl ‘Sing he GMD mod (xz Wages and Ene (10) sd Suvenna 241 for Sica of GMD ined) ths method on wn wl eer Pat, conan the mat pace betwen wih common eth 2: ‘um ash n Pig 22. Reta ha the ual nda btn ta ete Neco erdae 2r 10° BE wo mim (4239 Ace he stam psi an na My incur eo tot geo eee de oy conductor be aes BX 10°F, (4299 ere we hare defied conductor 2 of (4.238) to be band conductor tab ‘imi the manage of exc ve eto cent mconsitor . 1 241075 mL woe (42) ding (4.290) an (4.240), ed he total i kag fe dn smn cd hh menemateae ton Ze Bim ee) wine tea 2) In Pipe 4.29 the cult shown with plang do smi to Pie 42 a) erat ows nth se ton cs sage opi “(itt omale tah Vintlngth (4248) hers wee defined he tulips "(+ omy font eng (4248) Foca the un of ent the me 88x 10719 + 2nnyta Be an wth arth vet, a town n Page 4.23. "The vllage rp ne End, nd mone lngh of linea earth eat w Ve Woes Yaw Yor Boe ann) st mpetaoe of ne unit neh of et ae 28 Etrineaane of ee ut nat of tat be E}-SELI Stil impetonce between oe nde fo oe unt eg Vogels ttle, Vou stsee2ualy junit lath (4.246) 14122 Se eos pnd nd ote Kon may ty simi of Fg 4.28 of or unl otro ‘Se, timp tat vlog drop to ond sar Maden i. WeerVerra (4280) Soting (250 for. weave On-salh ye Vinitlength (4.250) = tts aasn) Cr dd he te pao on nl th fo with onena EE apie (ase 14) satin tings 43s ig uss (e+) storm 2 oping ey es fen conven to inepetcodctor a of Pg 4 24 sonra PA Aa5, Asya argent were tere ae to ground wee (22). Por the troops eit with n ‘Found mins we hve (i 7, sing tect compos conductor) soo Bota 203 (2 1B) anata 14.206) ie nanatens gine einen wot) sand sae'prsenie Be onion at oath oe ae) 4258) sam He OD DE sua) (ty #79) 8a PE for one ound wie 7 Compasing (4200) ith (4250, we vey ha fortwo pound wins (4256) aoe sant weiaeecineae 1k commen gratis inthe contruction of highliag ns to we ss ora annum pe condcine led ACSRS an ier renga or{ Tease spscingm conan for cuenta Tht ie bets tc ely com ‘Sed he miu sande wth of coum sr nmagacic “Tent te en, bower, wih tet conductor were both the estan S's Belg come daron toe ease ed atc ste ee] "Tis tr war converndby Wap and van [0] tte mote coh in fr Fe 438, we he we d(C se Eialy not town ni fe compan completed ne ple pore I tay lng two o he rau of tmpedane fr eat i ound wie "ne cnt oun pation mt im cre pine mY Baume 4318 ‘Srp these sequence impedance of test of Bamps 42, am ing inh oy teed ad te goon wor nc rom eauton (L207) we hve fo he seo sequence impale of ie wit one oud ees ‘hen 40 me og. To tartrate the procedure, we compute ach gn ‘ou tay i by fmm, ose me bei, anda By ae 1, Zao une af paar of te pe we, yy. Fron (204) sate Sr bakin strstr ites tne Bea ik Era Ble 43, 018 wen 7 6, ‘he et espeion sear trgeataon 2 amt Das= (Db) = DuPaPaDesDeDraDyD. = uo01a88p (ny) "= L938 Gor Iona “Teen, = =888 Fost 2109078) =2270 atmexpanding (4258) tothe fll 6 6 ty a ocpiing (1.269, we may te) Lyset Yeu amy se we note hat ony te scone i cum the ¥ marie we. ans) melons am vi en eters ats Rear fos seein cata Tepe to {Pum an section ot (4274 Benin Ie ear to appre te at fro Sian Serres admins eample 14 imp he ou ning etn he dae Sai intro Taino ewe 1 “pees ees ‘int we mut determin he poten matric of and til impotence dette etn (7. The impr iene 4 oe ‘Themes the marc gen nae 4.2 compat yg compute - (es 2131) (oooea- aire)” Cones + jane] Jo1ts6) (oe3K8 ya.2346) (oat j11008) F-ooo11 + 0.0877) 00013 +0804) (0.08? joxa6y veel 578) C004 sje.a122) sae: (0.0030 jowoW0) {-Bou00 SfaaneT) (8.00 +084) ‘0119 jeaBH0) (0.0009 Jo099) (00011 + Joost? f.0964- 2008) (09246 +2048) (0.0086 + 03195) veo =[Caats ast (oo0ss: starts)” -oozie yn21s) [Conose tjodtes) Coaata rjziayy (arost- nas) ody (8289), wth the folowing al (ee 103460) (0287 jooasa) -oors4 a) stan Coniss f1Siee) Congas + fo.0200) tase {lose «jooton) foazn=jLa13 0.0120 + 03811) (00,09 + 20113) ar asus ty.a~{lowostjoosea)” (aoo1s. yooare)” (eon jooven) [oats soa) Contes “eae faoals 0038 f-o019» o2213) (-aoree--jo02%0) (o00se «08a x*yaa[fetoae tons)” foo: oss” {nner7 jo0isa) (Coosi0 “yore (Paoais “juaasly (aos. 3.087) oun [ss 102480) (0.0186 +0079) (oes joo ‘00449 yoann") (0110. sate) (00847 + Doz) footie. donee)” (aader sootee) (orn 2160)ee spat akan tone (BRE © pth “aa sis AR 3t sn spe oat pans PE fame cc sin ‘hun om (271) we combi tere we 0.008 - ost) + 00340 +00133 opts 081 | Cootte sioapte soosee + oor |** | ooxsr oon [FY (oanet- ous) » 02169. 3. im j.atse ‘9088 fMt» (O04 + o.0481) Dotse 0076 "rh fom (4:22) we comput the “tough unblnces.” 28258 0.00 6 orogga Cr a 2.0006 $0.02» oopo91-177° Daur 7088 ae 0036 208 58 A028 «oorae 108 orth verti confguon of thi problem the negative equnceunbaaese ‘Evol equa but not mc ete than total impednoechauctanaie from te ta “Oty VE Sone Ont ach ston hsb(0% Sttanun coppers 0Cangeneet tof moweasemm/s ott Se ae eee on 0) RY a reac ep ut nc bron mend weet oc a Se ornate margaret ta co ap are er pana we emp Smipn ars mentemsecnseae on Ramee Rev Rr cor reemaeemnery bmee tan Seeceoece ees SG for “conductors are sen with sesbsance r ohms pet unit fngth and 3 Peres coe ‘ A JS hn peace was ft 8 (0) Ri ctype sued hl ni tow: Y= W000 tone, = 280-308 ge etal eas oo i tom he aig ef ae o) Tite a oft) a ao te prt ghana th eet (4) Fite pt ae rp in uch phate eon he pac pot ast (3) or PNGgS a ey a SST eae pl tien ors 40 cme pe ptt mut 2 te aed apts A “88 ihc fac ss anpané uc ouapoa” en AS 49, Cmpt a iment ma Zr deed ten 2. A ‘nthe ae S oan weap ee ng i 4.2, Cpt ep ingen nae ater end ee ‘ttn ne Seo an est tania pd i ‘21, Cpt te fa ingame Zo fr owt im p88, Ae seeP fei tare ti ine woe rangementWo prs ode 2. Vent ert en na (9 TaepratOl etka watson of ae : (Re pe at 0 i, be are te 0 5 tee an et ROE Si a apa {LSC Cats esque npc a ay een pn 22 {Et Contec pete ht tape {24 een {Sym eae a coped eps ot ‘UES Camp tesa ch nf en 422, {8} Use te sprntnate oma (140, Seeman ‘hapa con a pa {Seer tgs eto Se fom = hi for ech {8 Clute be pe pene att 2s fom beet ok 432 Yee omen at eo 0 eon We compete ‘08 Sippel cope re bt tnd a's cod cnmutr foro he Fee ni fe @ Gest come aw sdicneaeai cereal ed compar wth the pono iron Grobe 430) Eel ee ps na fh ne {esince mae Zana he ogee impose 2 ie Zi, die te th ait hc 9 pay i oe 498 Get Semin which rt in ton (98) 84.201 forse ‘ena saree ‘150 ecco copra eappr sect apse peta mse Ba SECEDE pean aetna neat 40 Soe Mia at ana cB a RSs eee ‘0h Simran Soap poe pens ox eee ne pee Perce seteetl ating tr Sap een at ety th es snon (204421 fx pte ist amte 4s, Bei sy pat ein wn 6 CBs ean Eee tetas” Petr snp or 5, and 8 ‘UE Eiiped"gueoee mpetine saute for the ie serbed ipso 44 and SOE US a he Gu fot edit men tte Eine ty hegemony son 0 api ae of to 00 9 818 ert co Sopaehanbraeapentet et at tat rt el pect ad onthe i no pet (oy Iter anne feta a compa he oo (oie ot 2 poe onda wegen he 2 ii 40 Nog ten 6 ee eer some eh mt Sona Atle ite 45 epg en ne 8 ots tad inSequence Capacitance of Transmission Lines This taper focus vpn the shunt aia ofthe tame ne, tn cvthen ne thr shunt mane ape aceptancs tee te endo Sent betwee eyo Belen wie ad oud reggie. Purthermoe, ‘Ai seeptance prey capac, ‘ie Sg with the Computation of oe thon’ inn secon, enc in grt dat ethane an oan stn) wi pst See Sa tet ery ieee oe oil If pine bth external tanga charge dna als ven DF Note that we an harp the subsp ight weft notation eel, ‘ways intresting te tance rom a changin ofl, Dy ate som Serio 8 ef din ceed iin (0 Pointed Sess meni ie piv he pcan ithe seo posi snd egtve gunceeuem bchae te phy prctes do not eangs i ‘Bingnsegeene af the appnd volage Steen [0] sow convent “med ‘ed"GhD wethod fr fading the sapacance wo slo uunmpone ee ‘iw ie tte rl a ot ng to te 6 Dah Bas cos: tac depening nn enh re room sso weet wwe ia.) Hee he Dh smut Dy hen led he coygahgoy sPhnit ints 3) sn ey aban nga = i)” a = tema ‘Hone Usually by en te range 48 to 8.5 mcrombo(mule for single crit, 60 ‘Sra eet be itt by mee oem Espo Mn dite ar emersced on Res en oe sea ail ge tn a+ faa] obo DOD, DIB! = DDH “The GMD may be compte or postion 1, show in Fg 6.2) Dy Da Poca! Day = aD Don Du (DycDaeDy Dee Daou DeD.a) Dy = ePas)*(DasDae Dace) D8 SE om bt) 00957 en} 403)=oasny8.02yL478) 08421 x 18a5)"a0% Inox ax a0 (annaan.aiyeissate ‘he tom (3) te aca per ie fr rut anda) oe “ wuszciosen “280 b= 2e60)C, 13.08 pmkayape 6 81.0 nF tie pound Siren [9] show! tu (23) timo gy when ondtar iti taken to scout Ifcondactr het a mena 0 he ge SO- ctor as shown i agar 83, were ee) rom hingution we ere tha th fet fg condor eight int con Gaiien Mvinaa dras artes rat sashye sero snquonce neowork depends upon srastan ei oem ‘to veqeenen vatage To compte te to sefomce ucpance, we see ‘Ero of imager 2 tpi to ar sequen cares ed mp hs cpa ‘Stes ot' tungpone ne ‘Use thir tho, me cron ae ws (Bound wire and nero he gound wie (Abo me Sereno (211) Casts ith no ond wi Coney ye sown na 89 sige Sl ee ad dy sede on eo 1s doo fom wie o fo noted shal he oa Gop Vos on ie Wt pera Shy eee a Ventre MT, [ ghoden Tem Be 60) em says nl vainly a) 7 2 ay detinition we know that em co we conc tom (8}45.10) at tat ane ttn om nage sen by (58Y15.10, Se ee 6.8) [Asal of hams ta ae he ange of 25-25 umn sage > ‘Copscience with ground wie, Toss thecapastance problem wh oud wos nwt oa a ng ontario oad Wo ‘Roca ete Troy urbe erent to amare eer wiaton : sess 84, One cndecer wih ne end % oan veroed en ean setng (1) 6.2 for ve eaNow supp that conductor te compe of he pa wi and con os = (184 (29) 20) From (6:8)45.20 we compute ay sean equation (5. SRE cient wie “s dine a eam an rae one teegh femlle santas -secmil)y 26 tin (860 tn nn mato - lie) Pm 2)970, cost om) fedgide=-o 0 sat 40) Now tasfnm both (8) and (40) into. Then the sor tage ‘Sey and nace cag eae ar ted ona (35) ay Ge ann ey 2 Feeaet = n@ 4s) ewe wet (4.31) terms of phar charge east andvllage @ ad Vw hve a-w 4s) seheh we change toa caren eqtion by ming yj an (6.48) 08 Takes ea) rw 648) or the por adeitncr are veiw ean or example, om (6.46) weitere tt oes. capaci atsepance ea) or sta amiance etme and ag omar forthe ata gi iy aed were fort mai een) {he Yin “hin ie "ee 650) ich i ain» apactive scptnce. From (S.47}(680) we vin an umn Grout st sbown tr pure 6 nce You defied la (28) he eb Gb ag Fl eae Eie Bae a mh sn Shand by ages mention af ©) eeprmen 9) om (68) snd (626) the potent eqn en te of pes BES Sel on sete the omens of P ate gen by (6:28). Te cag equation fund by ‘hing 82) fora. Thin teem faecalis ge. Cts 50) orth ments are gen by (IT). Lat ‘4 rag PnP Pla)” PnP *2PaaPaPa~ Pane ‘Then compte the mince ootg tat p= ud Maes the para ese) secomput tom 5) sane to net Seta Fie os) Tae rou any eve wba own in Fie 57eb, Cpanel rund ee 1 he ne tranpone in sectins of par eth ff he volge quton (52) may be wetananng te oon 9 Chaptae © thr we ee Vane" UiPan Fn Pada V 650) Pa =RG'PanBes Pa Pon! se Fn ai to be the potenti covet mate fo wetion f,» The ‘Spe ma bn oy srg tn sre atc pedo TP tke tne completa repo ach pa copa ach pon for ein he one wh Se cach action ove hcl oe" WAKE #246) Fim (uy Se USN ay Mea) oe- Bove Fm 88) 10" (SNe ne #6 ss) ont ignore upper dt and ground wes of Pipe 6. Cope capac ‘SEhta tf pound computed i sway fo tha aad by apation of 3. "Het, we form the P mae, he cotiint f which ae ety dependest pon grometry In ou cr ne Pgue 8.3) He He sn ss) sn eminent slg nee a) a api oe ir windisa am & x} Lo wo) 620) om the range 10] of 18 <3 <4 < 0.80.5. Typ vl o nro machine Fie "Wether noe pe ‘amlntion oft damp exposnta ral ht te carat swope ba Sey Sh 0a ean ean mea She wy ela, prin yh ph Oe me odin Figur. We'mnestnte these our eceent ate ie tne andy, nr nd te oppo entre eck ie mo Bae Went trie (ex) At tity and yh ae ico an a te waka emin ay wr‘hur he ine constant of hs ee, defined Ta Src the open cic armature voltage rare di with i, th voltage hangs A ihe se ae a the ll caren Type valu of Tae uote (10) © fom 21012 woondn th 6 conde an serge help aa of Te indus volta inthe other, whi in tam cam cre repr ter ‘ey he oe to haya met cas is aie hone fey fn cen tor omen! erysbown In Fgur-Harhof tee ndacedcuentscana EN ie nn speci ph since nd aot ck Si Sg pine ere ts he sy aha degen inne sm i Whe ‘Sones ee nutans scm by ip erent reduced Meese compte {Be rogaed vala From (636) we compte the armature inductance tobe by SEATS, le ea i a i by (0) the amar ‘he ti wl chngy daca ten tw rosy and oe ‘She bo era tie constant Te eid by Trl) Tn see 5) umbare {19} notes tht the rslance wet i eto ct practic the ‘Se since wih he armatre ortad ferent computed os SSG, pr F waht id a irons 1 coe sma ied sonal old tangs oe tpn tn ot Bote aps Em (878, [As eaained wove, the ata in conan app tote eof age ot deel camntin he amature ot toe elope a erating cents tt as Sy Si rc mye {i crest gusty to ota ee anaes and the flux i largely leakage fhix. "Thus with alternating currents in the rotor, Ee citreus em he and es Beata me com Les Screamin nen a {Viewed om th ama Sst cunts nat te et ame ‘ecified double pied notation mich at THe, min the at 90 peers anes Eee She o. Seceaaicecme rater cena ect ROSS Y eee caesar ‘enpes winding ont atime conta of 792 Feed ‘nl ge mucins cet may be eet! the whch day Se eine ees foe eee a Ta eae ee ‘it of all tnt te sro sequence equation hs etuped from the We A sole paste network wi mes throat Te tcning te ate ‘ev ta nde ft yom 8) ewent she mp eed ay coin a ‘Bowie Sinden yin pane ene {25S dn dred ae myo on ti ent us Eee} ed #1848 +90. Ten by diet sppiton of the P tanwormation we np wbstBd ich ‘es var ‘Toes vale my be butted into (6.81) we LAVES ti conlot 96 +80)ei,corletrsl (880) dine hapa cete alee, a ae bao ao. Apping the sr Senrmati (80 we cal i (60) dy > Pe alt: zptonon maine te tho ovine ‘Stand St dg aience use daca in preceding sone ‘nea why veteran fame we un wis pace came Tt re hier pe i ig Ne ht nee ee oe Toca sings etwen tre sefetee sats Pru (689) de compo e009 ee “Hesing (es0) Not carly ta the quant witout the hl) ca ear quant. ae yl dt that eprint on eee fn Heth Hence Sy sne=8) (8) 1 le=isnie-8) (088) 115 now pol to rene «aor expe in erence fame othe san guinea on te trond baste formal hale (os) Pores Mas "Uy sant Fyn.) iy comb #1 sn). wo) fe ea ae ee ped ne Sete SAP oat arson aac UNE Ie-tg'E medorems pe on, sate the V8 coe fom the way he P taanmaton was defied an there cere Sa el frie for wed Ung (O31 we (os ae VB, cosy +3 +90) + VB, const 18) -Anplyng he phuor aatornation (1.50), we compute tHe = ata =o won orn (680) feo llde Wie VIET «RTE 699) ‘Th magne col lo be computed tre te components oF, Dt thse ‘iluerare nt seal pected, ‘ cit letting peri uf fepent «machin in he content fame (6.98) wate thes quanti as phages A AG Sen, we ay (673s ste phe dam tothe tna cn en tance ae aie dm eetig-0 (00) rom (64) the d ai ving iy “=r — all Mel Ry a nc oring (60), age maybe rn se panernren 6.96) ‘Ao fom (6:4) the gia it weet alle * Rally * boyy cog teadaly Phe Mi 07 ee) 98) {nara equtaot ag ie voltages by ing (336) and (67) by V3, Vy reublOanrla ly Vy eh arly +a thar 600) fay 20M (6.100) ang (622), we may compute the me pha «tein ole 08 20 snr eres bse 10 be Be Hg = Uh We sesoze the quantity in brace to be Ve ona ch bi scoring to (Gly, Touring th ar notaton for hbase bd aracing me he Uy 2 My 114 ly i) jay Sule Haat Die Hle Stale here (200) shar eile stl Ieisconvenent fo defies ld exatation aliage By = By Bg“, 018“ Rsnely 6108)Eyck Btarles BeoiBs-0 103) “Tee mason Fe ie then el wig on the ga. Then wey Be eBeorle ita tale (6100) wich ei an etn of mid para soar notation, We lay hi rising (88), where me se Neel teo-tle By Vetrle tile hele 6108), oc, mtlying ty 0, we can rato i gui oan artery tame of "ton (6.16) defies the phasor dingram of snchronve machine when vertigo enya Pe dg, oe for = kag 2 power fsctor = 608 (6.106) ster ame by wh eas sey Te sag iy sn a Renan : Bari tule a cin omens err in spt trent way than own im Pgse 010. de estat oe (6108) ec etelop Boe Vasth singh oes x0e 6108) ‘hi form intersting becte he nt tse appeal seo for 8 ound ic Serer une Ee se for thee ash ae Tae 6) A pr ‘Sagres combines (6.105) nd (108) sown in Fise 612, te condton dct 6.10) and (6.108) oF by the phasor gan of EAT dt creas ot Pou 6a Under th sa te oon Peas= otiags al cures have ben vite by So ue the equate ator (“ore combining th ad obtain (6.108) rar the snp otc hown in agar 61, where av EMP ast sly Tg iy mls sno a pate ola Sc he guy) le Phaser diagram of Pigure 6.42. . 1 taut sues we ae sly intro se mbewlent peed ie aay flowing the insdnee te fle ermine empties oe fa'devopng the stay Sate phar diagram aosre eas ierencee een the steady ne nd subraent condita” bation (0.96) ‘othematca stent of te any nate conn inthe subnet pred SE a ie et igen cmt Howe ikag ae the se metals fwing ea hy er fu tore the > NTR olaon of te vtiageequnon (6.34 fr wannon conan depend pam the intial conn (tt an the nature o the hanger dein fe pac i the fall In our prion, A compl ston a ous the ‘il af ea ai nono i spn rs tn ie Stier win fw ts a FD, ad) Tn th some sompie- Sntatnty comping o tn our cae we are uly sats can find ony the stain elton, Uh ac funn of tins tat i elites Contrainte ss fie ‘apart en pa i ae “Thene peat (= 0°) conditions are: Le EE ue ‘Ere vase em nearer SS, inne era se tb sci coition 0 a [astro we the hk om (6.32) matin fore. A= Hs ot dae doi a) ene Toe he nal onion ins the petal ox aera Br] [abet teres etoving + cana canoe a th ents he oul New fea masta hat Hage ena cnstan th FD ‘SyoTatnt Ley tom 632 aa (612) Te Ho aTee . mong the cet warts, ore ogo Hel ee, ean om a ton (:4 eon toe te ‘sain ‘Cnet trom (6.115 and (5316) may now be wed a (8114 compute safle ath it 1 dod in (4) ob he uty he ces. Si, me oun eee iy may hb wie of in pl cng Sd and geet sings tt of Soe ag) alls Myles Since en eqution mt eee te sun a = 0, noe tat Ky (hy) Also, by definition the nal oman wena nate at Fiat, hte cat ig tay be welen i rms oi, om sgution (8118) ox diig te te quant ey =ly eps te “hang und mabencting + any L305 eth a ne onl eh (ears) ely = 1) 129 ro (6. apa ta = Os th compte oe Po he gies compete om.) ign a) * Urbain ad eis Trad tn ns ae" # ott on =Oy y= Os ing ang are ie (0118) oyster wry er tom (6.109) ReMein wien Making beitsone oie nas me compute Peay Ean cos) gntions (6.121) a (6.128) ae combined towne senor Halal te ws Pr 28) lg Ea (6126) ‘nts torte ty ae Sonn Im par wo soma fo (6308) Sid ide epee money ot wet Ren 8s om Wey a compat ene oia” Lie “1 Toca a por dam for he brant, we tee 0 0 + etntions hy V8 tote the qantane arm stor ques The Verse stl Ey Vetere +e eam) ihre me not the sing sry Lo ested sate eatin: (699), th Ui aleens tring he so ofthe doune pimes (and the prsene of {iehateg Eas Arde, we ompateon aa eee Wnty ia =-Mle ale cle +E 190 Pens an avstion (6130 may be hanged oth fore Bae srl ticle xB ea (615) "Thi form convenient nae he any (cj ) pote on both round ‘tot nt po aia Sl eee ‘Sadion "Seva! cbuertios ate n Oder oneering thie important phat “ie note that he new (a) caret ager tan he tia amen andngs the tenia wolae by age aa, whic nest 0” fra talon the sen, tea lan ag Sc ed "fs apr pen on te agra ithe enc point oa at Poa ae = et eas But om (6.127 and (6328) Yaa + Vag" ae Sal) las (85 ead (85 xy 6190 thie wolage ina contant and depends onl upon te petal ei ood ‘Son Theor, toe ution ofthe ed point i uncanged fom f= 0" 0 £0: enorme alan of pte abou went other ars Change Thue = rl, = Vay ely" neoncant (6195) etering santo the pwr gram, we tote hat he paso ag ~ 2) Ty ‘yl ce om ale 6) st ely Sal wt Sesh = 0 (6198) oo wisn Pak 2a ‘heute appsent trom the por ira bt could so be onli foe (hetnns Of and, whee Fy be the dominant copone Beka Verh eiih, 20) Both the exact equation (6.152) apd the appoint euation (150) an be {Ee tne rm (6138) sd (610) ny pd ely mt i dai lt of i 6.6 wy wd for tat, fn wh ‘eanet Thevnin auitlent see ay conta vl bind eon ‘isan, ory wkd oe tas =o eo ‘hia wnsloe ofthe carent aa fancuon ote, “theft eof oe curren nF hrs pk vale Da. cad hy tna compere afte tn ay fe id sn oe hele eae) Mating thi atti to (6108), we compat for eg Byte hale any tora these fat onthe machine teria (VY, 0) cme mage 1h showe in Paare 617 gen Supermposl on tho shronous component of cams i the emit ‘Seen tn hve oe sn aie hat tt ein te ele iets Su th snipe cane can cpt tm 591res ae) ‘The tnt carat envelope te lacs be igure 6.6 and nes ‘Deine coponat Hs aly een ee enn sat GbE Baer ous, ouiy define somponunt ata ra aus fr 290 fauk on the eno {Semin found om (6139) with nega Ts Tat =Bi (ou) ‘Te aubasient component enelpe ween a Gem VE Ure up eee ninediinemoua- ment) way TENE TI UMA lene of te meee echoes te rn aston Sepa ia sta a wh ot 8 tents[2+(E-d)emio(d-A)ert] aun ty ane tenth gf 108110 ut gat snot sl en ee (8D YEE on (6180 VOR cas) tar aes Anh Fete LL To ei for dong erp fin 191 mn wil ot be regen bere" vos, expres in uae to ‘ty cn forse pw of nn ae fen aid teen Toe 61 ~ Sc carrion eo perm a esate en cen {iter he mazmam or minum me of a Sree ten by = a our ft cen, cnr tht prea han eacane 3 the ponte eqnernetory mith an yim te te etwas, Po abe ‘Sem ions er fala dy Sao tt 610 Manet Corns “The equimlent cai developed in section 6. wil permit th lation of he susan caren eorerponingt the hips pole te cren rope ot ge G1. Ti Gen the apmmetial cmon yeas no de of. Svat coneponde othe hight reve of ar Cou pares a ‘Hoputing the fuk cust the wckcton ef cut eer Co tert ‘Ths ee ea ec vac of te ant tb sompeted arin 6150) TE {burs done, for the worn th le that of (618%) for 10D aot ea ‘erent or Tine @VBELI 1.798 Tg (wasn wet ng = the smi tit of he al caent Aca, be caen to ‘rine bythe cat beaks il eer be te at cyt Wo ‘whe IEE, scoping that sms comestion head pee nel sone fi he son fea hs fran 4 cored sie ie ls whe ce ay oe arid ae So amet 1798 yin the csmended method of computation, ‘sth mulls to be aplea according tothe beaker pea, The alps the enim Tale 62 wh taken om (51. Thee mips decormin the ‘Sealed ntarting a” ofthe eacat Maker” Another fag cae he‘a6, cunt ty ao Compng come secoee “mamentary duty fund by mailing te ymmetral cunt hy 14, and ‘heim be check spit «pub taker momentary tag” (Pe eat si‘ he rat ang oy, a momar n> 16 Fam Interupting in> Lge (eas) ‘til unfected ty the fu Tar athe pre mover cota ete ‘Wosent carts toed the lt ‘The tnlucton ache, othe oe ard, {unr exalt fm te line Ith in ella dope te mestine ea: ‘Sop eed and tty to ie the mesh ene geny mpaes If font tacts athe ned for conan en hapte mac ead "rlaton wil foc cons nthe ft for one etter aig tee {at fw eae following sale the onebuton af ation moto tothe aa {tat cnet shoul not beng, Hemeer eset tml find ‘eh ct sea ae ee aie tet {Ln ie tor neon shot hs branch epee sand oem. Wi sen te afncon ofthe ai sas noted in Figure 6.18 oe GB a Ran a when thevotor sain semen sas anto,ereerereres antenna hema ase ‘has he rotor empedance i = 2 Ue) 238 x09) ssn Pure 28, Wey wot (356) 8 tai ate, seer fis te eh pce ani ad a fet 7 (e156) os) = sat pn in nine Samii ates tee mechanic ore a expe ye at th an Htc ee otampern and bse nd FAB gy (650) nich haus of po powerp alporptorave. Some autos at pTee en suf Sacre tte te ag SERS ricer ine i ey Sesser ee ‘igute/6.18 with replaced by ts shown in Pagute 620. The muchanicl power tected with the negate tquenc tc arent yb peer’ os ROEM te (6100) recta (RB) mune sey ‘hc ea smal toque than tht present whn oly postin equece ogee {iv sola The note of unbsncod tage ty to a inion moto ie Fes he caret. Soc he el af dno the motor apie ohage change but win bce tg Tay wr ‘S'u'iquw o the apd nage se vr cy on he lad hati, 4 3p a the motor arc oigs may fase he motor to sal Am distro whch balances te vagy wi Ee er of tr ob dca a howdy cae Bot ie {he torguspnd harctertic with te los. Ifthe oa conan a uch 125 Sonne o conta power ach as oud de err Sing or ‘eigen tay the moto ay al nae Yo der th ec {lrque tt tw lower pd Por ld atch mano pnp the torque aie ‘Sow tbe agar ote spd sacha care of Fgte 6.21 Se a oad ‘ol antina be sere att edued opt Ite motor logue ed {ntto ny cnr, nite reduction n motor torqe rope paca to 0 By th taf equmlnt cea for the ote ad eatie eqace tiers ‘Sin ssa be arin nthe motor peromance maybe erated Ife trguespndchrstertc of tbe sat ond know can ea, “So nducon motor are tmualy woud tet ors or ngroundel Y on Inet for aero sequence eget sei ‘Approximate wae Tor nfm matt cqimlet cei ae gen by ouce[V rot 2] an ceded to vevral stores Ts data en ‘fe ‘ke suggest the pti nquence dane sy a moe deere Oy ding tel ange by the Samed cet oF ‘Smit tie Ge in ta Howe a a Cec’ poutie nl mine ques newark expec a A A cr i Sees Se Ui, rae Teena‘Th pon os hr st a mi lm ntn meat {ie 11, oi 2) gv the approxinat ine cont of the dey of oa ae Te eek, we 289) imei tobe in ma, Hower as th nooo od (O63), he ‘tor which ca than one eee ye = 0.01007 me i'/=eD). Tw ct eto be mtr tes treba mth [tantanoun ni cat twas ar fend wath Sw fn abst a ‘ote fab tang arg nn ped rs ‘he wi'consite he rubunauc equine Grout shown in Fe 6 f meme joke OA pa We compute tome Bag Von 2 (6160) hrf he peat motor cea nd Ve, he etl motor whe. oposite he sn! abe of for 100 bp ns By = LOWE - KLOG-285° 1.20) 0.9235 - 0.408 ~0.9364-058" pu ‘oar, for8 3 fa ont moe ena, In = 980886. 5 9519035" yu SSO BEE sso Option th Oe Ph Op if on ofthe the lade spying an inction motor sow become op. the stg teams mye hed by mete component Ts 1=0 Ne=-lo Yoe™Ya~ Ve 16s) rom he fit wo boundary condition we compe fy A Ky (1) a hom whch wesc tha fy ~-fo. Temas thatthe postive and nese ‘Spun nets mal be coneed a shown Pe 623 ee a one) "Te onty cen voltage rom (6.165), with = Wes Vy Ve= (a 8a Yu AV) (Van #4) ~via Fa 100) Sumario (6.168) ad (6.167)tarde ante (6168) ta iY own fe may be determined Grom Fre 628, Tie compitely tie the caro wor suming tat enema the net tone a Sepa om (C1. Maran oe 0) hee ee shat nd mat not bio ag, the motor wil va Cake (1, vl 3 le {ave the ene of an ope cuca n tempt an induction mor wheres Spa i oak ihe ot aes ene oe ap ‘4+ Shit Sat uta in cet se Srna an spent ec Sree re arr teeter Beer elem a Serer tn ntrtances pent (B8)-Yh 18). Wh the equator for te yeas Leper Semmes Ee eee (0) Hy 630, mating fe ono Apndi Enno fe et sr mee ‘Rieder cla np Ms mtn do pon Bri a i Se etter cuenta rte bape tems OY ii mie een ea nt Pe rman = a ow [El | ene a of [EEE] -. See moss tien epee meer rere a Sr vs pe op 38 Ecco mts iniriore ame tee ‘Eisethedlaga couttpowe fa sia ed) ssa. ie eemageer mee FSET ee mate Et meth i apa MY nin 0, henna, Yoon! aespelarmnar moonrise SEG depo mao tenn of pens 38 we pat SS eceemaamee om ete meteSatire porcini toni sap i trie a bretatret inf a (0 SS og ove aw is ap cette (2 Rotel teen suanae an (2 Rn gomcad cet nd oor SS ree 4 Epernteg ets -.DLmUmrCS—s on rap arora oi Secure sees Sequence Impedance of Transformers An examination of th tron compete oy of ha mao compo vento pr en Sete ay fad mers ence Sr must determi the sees net repantainof the pce eve ‘Stinaton of resonable transfer parameter oe ssi il in he plan gt i tops e sons hap Snoabe peo tanslomer conection oer intense SS ote wees opm ee ot aE Soe pve analemens, connected to foe te ae banks, wer We ees trig th ge wag he fe al Purch sd etd wth thas ba fr tat contin the ret ne sings tore al” Recely te rnd har Den town te ae ‘tre pe tater beac they re ceaper aed oe ert nd te eer sored te ey rae St however nat angie ae unis Spe rr espe ne of ats ‘oe oqulmlet craton ted for 4 gee tanner shown a spi’ i tte nl ag inne Zt the Honing votgs ane presented by Ry Tent wale of aeneng ‘Sv ureproeie by tha rename ye treat Stn emi amthe ipatice Zy to the Hae of th een thown niga, Vale cry {sce hemor fh tome ining a ta ee fh som ng =F as, ‘Modem station teansormers uly hw of es tha 1 ss up ‘tout 1OMIVA and high-tgs ating apo bus OY alt Stn cnt oe by th inayat de sett are iy toe n,n ps Bax “in ty on hehe glons a Fg 2.0 te tome inpdce wai ty eet ang ero po enc! out, Wester Sy = fone VA ring Vg mtd Ve cy on Zan -VhalSe Zee Vaiss ay om (1.2) an (18) oma in tn np Y= Va mento ay ‘An, om (7.7) we compete he al translormer impedance mew from the Andie tobe Pu Zyx = ly Za Nun as Pray 0m (78) we compute Ply =D 20) rom (.8)-(20) we eta be agian a of Fgue71 an his the ‘Sule we wl snot wage efor lad am, and stay ter {th dy of terreonann, iene se, aon Me mgonsng ecancegnis note ore ‘Tmormer impedance re neatly alma gen np (or pact) bed on tae trmlomar mtg Tou fom 3) PiZun (En * Ze Ean = PZ Zan Py +z (TA) ‘Trot yt ee by dig 2a by Zant compte Zynenn * Wan Venl 28 a ‘ates of Zing nly eon foe anloment ofa en i ad de ation epteatins where ee larger san are ametans tod he resistance tence ny Uy toe matin come sy woe oe shin in convnint fr mang pedanos of nafs wher erent ‘thos of cooing may rune soieraton. Note han ange af pede {ec Yor eth oluge nlite tanforer if sold (04) the {peda sboold be take fom the lower tod ftw tangy yes. Feces ‘ouing Slows tcorme ft ens tinplate aed opr atamare gies voltage losing and trfre should tw rope y 4 gear ‘ogee tan snr ti ol lesan Sy ee ee erses ae Satis amie Bal aes ca Uae Suelo ens es Ce ee eee ence create eg To Trine wining etonted LV ot X and le abi iii ad Fr eg wien berg pei een + wales aera ogee ierlareat tn ets is Bit fen.naetn sake mat as Re vay soe oe Sie Seas oA nt cdi rg ae ay Warp ih tw (SE tet ak ‘oeificaionsfartr require tat if Hand X, ae ted together and he H wind eee ee eer rere Spemoaea ay cr aan a as anes oat Se emt aa Satter atic aa Be U1 ae tte wa en ye em te a ‘nth voltigy pokes apd termi bela.” Obwouay there ave to wa © Sedan Wir thong ts ceoaten tots eels hee ila npc ion hy ne wa coe yi ‘Tether Has postive semana Sine te a, us aeee ee inn Walaa ace Go| sme ative pon on the tank tad oh ee ad et of demi, hie 2p defmiion a hmbiractine ple. That fo the eset ow tthe Potty may be determined ty conmectieg scot emia tps a ‘ae, sping olagetetncen Hy a Hysand ten checking at tefl te bbc adjaten contecine ly 298 My Heth the apd aig If ‘Sih poy x bite Dbnuay, te revere tr on ae platy (Eimer, Addie platy le sand or ni ae tore of [SODKVA ssn wh the HY wodg ted 880 oh ad bow (14) ‘Motor cantor re normaly asi pla nog tw tara Bodie backed ore annacting ny euler ta he Pas ah rom the vewpout of tanya we often erly the oh of 3 oupod sei by poy markings ard Dy ie convention we anya ‘heat fy a ote tra ewe deted mows Fae ‘Th fs om edison ay rr eat ik Teor. i'w cor fy tr anterng he doin einai) a ya ‘oving the dived minal) thee cuneate ops eto cunt ‘eal: Equi (72) 10 (70) ae ween on Waban two wining Tew eoptaly tin ge anemones hae eae tafrmed from higholage tron Uv to inten ‘mon re, nich chee fen etd fried Pertape singly to blah 2 connection o row pa fo ate soos ‘ert altogether ty ie woe ‘hie titfonen, tether ofthe tren tartare ore ely ‘dese by ening sop wl Tou sy ee ed 1 Fe ending the dng tee ata ft ei ca aay ee a oleae tt oa Wee Sarto Feu Tband ey were te exciton ranch cited ‘igure TAs where the winding and ¥are sown to hav ur gy ANd . tree “SES i Bis ee Gnade: Sse ap dans tht eng ich rma So deeming ts pean ‘Ring wpee Aplin seh» tt Nene the a sain th Y open fest sic peace et above in igs? 2p whee folowing the cere a (5 bth iene n he ng oe wn mig 8 ean, 2acan~ Za En anISERIES ttt ove mston Ue a fr ined Syn = VA‘ating of wining? Vn = el ola of winding H 35) Tn Pun ViniSun 20) nd twa mipy (7.16) by Zn, ehve Zan“ Zan * Zz 8 0 ba ea) hee Zn he eZ asin (719) Zama =mlze 0 cn) = hme a0) “To complete equ cout of Figue7Ab, we a defi : nln 20) Zevon” 2s +2run Son Hse az ‘tht mero maybe om winding X 10 wid, wth pe, fay whe thy ay emai eins a6) Rerting (20), we hve =Zsmn $200 oon oe a5) Rn ger crite yout a he wlsowaei, (7.17, (20, Ls Jeb. en the trnsormer Te calamn scr on te Hp cone indeed ea ‘is for the equ deuce the detent ofthe conten matric i onto (et = 2) augue solution exe Eas Psi aes it ts psu ying.) he t= (eae? = WnlVan? = Saxon a) Incorporating (7.28), we te (27) Zp 8 Gnd the a exprenion ele Zena = Cini) Bern “Toe vl ae ned in the pu past) equal ce of Pe 7. Not ctfly tao thee ae computed om pu wing meng Dedines where Zyy aod Zyy aves an H ba and Zyy son am Xba (oth ‘ttampr et tage, The dove proce vemoar a waformers with mot than oe wing sie ba ppc mt be cefuly denied wt tte ‘pesyiag tach toe Th vals of sguiton (120) cote bed won the ‘tin of any winding, tutte winding eaten soc ie impotent to Satz hat wen fl ade the winding dns apc Berween Yd Ieiceaopae ten ta the ato yy Sry llc the enpetance Py ch 15 var ate nuance Mote tn tat he etlect9f Sy Baw 9 Zerit comer th qunty to Fb Pu peda. ‘Sse tnt tha" oglu af Fg 1 has ats tthe junction ot Jy, Zur andy whch cts and hs no phytate ‘hg ft pio hot uray amp Thang cane nt Uyretanng to T toa ation (79) coma eine Sa nd the on ‘esd ay Sot ty pt eed ai omen oo "Ecuien ceca we developed ate Mecatue (eg se (24 vo. 21 and {uur nro fou re ca Ses bade A Inthe nen power oy mags of jor ensormstion ae a ons iron athena omen be irs ns ly att 10 ol 2 ae nnlento itn (14). Te pedane of an astrnsonmer mira {tof covenins nar of the ane Thies lho adage {nd ahadvaage “The lower sopedence mean wer noun, ba 0 ints lower fal iting apy and sometnsSeoes the con of ‘ermal pedane Autosattotr az at lone sand al ae “Sronts then tooling terormer of heme mig Tey me Pcl ‘tater and gency have gr efornci ‘Cote the stornfonmer dou of te 8 where we denote he ato €1T 0 X tages by the teal Le Valo emia 20) ames ie soe cten arene oes es same (if ideal), Le, : nate . t=) at aan Comparing (1.30 and (1.3) ith sla equons (7.2) and (3) fora tmoe ‘rnin union, we atte nuounorme lols eat ise 2 So ‘Sing euoome wh areata were edt by (1.30) "rom transformer thory we kc ne th oul ee woapne 04 enc tl lg oe ae Se Vala Vala oan Sy Val = Valy(ni) or winding 1 S17 Wy ~ Vadly = Velyinind 8s orwnding? (138) Se =mulin tm) *t0-39n a8) letterman Wie tthe factec be ras 00) i slo he stotanaormer winding ave tins hu vatumpee capac ote ent "The autotransformer inpedance may be measured, an the cu ofthe bo nding tstorme, hy slang sor cca st Tae can fr petomisg ‘Rite ite io Pigue 6 wherein compte he ehage pence yn * Walla ogee 9 et sn ‘i i ens str in neue of he ono of Per ‘dn and impedances ya = ce ‘Tee indingevoknsormes ae lo wisly ued, Bacau fhe py sonar of otro i, taro via al ath for third harmon easing uments» Wird winding & provided tn och Fee ante, Tne ts, in tec wing suiedenclarers i wecemry to eps ary weber ones computing tpadances on teu har tangas, Cae met 155 be aod in sping formas gun in the natu hae dow Dots ‘eto commonly noua practice eg] tm eat bs whos Tae wnat ‘Rite dt) 9 ect fe comer ‘chon a wing bt, Tee tng attrnformes rly son af So ‘hye wig bef hich topped to farm tr bwin wih ae ny noe folowing ap we act ng ndHM LoL Theta), ‘ite et nd winding contin Up ‘Stoo hich xtra conned ae tbe made ae esr ee ee Cainer) 242 12UEny Zan Zon) simey +220) By Ulne nn Ben) or) of Pgue 1.8, te equet ict mt at he erin as in (6 (Gy Notes tla Pee 7 mee thea pera cas) “pgp nih 720 te orig aise “RE in enn wh corm oe a 0 wet ith shi a tein te crs ed whe a tn Sb) eh nm 7.29) 4 io erin coat), chao (aw ali pon the nme ee Te 017 SIE Gh helt noni gen he Pane 7. ‘inert () an (a) re ampere vention The sa SNe Aes ge pun eh of stounndorme insures Soc our concen i primary with thie phse power stems eae nate ‘ay itr fhe apn of sige sae weansferes Sone ‘Srsepse take*" Tats sy we il Emi ur comin ote en iter ta fan, 3] oh ned‘ec voltage el wt ae the termina one fo eck se ad may hae fut {Wikc seated nought gut sre eternal connection These web ye ‘opi, an wth dome the noua. Tow tubcrpaened fo ‘ietats the tine se of eine yl if conse in opel ‘Sorel he pe ure na das oti "The USAS [52] leo spety a definite phase relationship between windings of ldemustered crm 0 whereas or Yor conection sea ‘atage lewis the coresponing emi ota 30 Th shown Fret ih aosows th OSA wang min poatons one rom Figre7.12 we obser that the vlag zocaed with phe om one sig the treme my have many erect pase lations wth Paes ‘tage on se thera, depeingo the way pha Ta for ‘Vise Stason tina atom may be O10" 8-120 In 1dr a'y'conmecton, the ion tone Pe dings may be #3" ‘toon tnd marin. estatert te atone sw Pgue 112 Tita we alaye same the es seccnay eh a “he Aa 4 SCG al on pan on the (pounded desea nt cae fe {lomaton fy both valage magi od pha’ CFs 7.18 show he hey wh wea he a th in rte Erie crt hel oy rly ese a ep ‘hip tetveen lng aod crete on one de ot the Oe ; ‘wos ot ium snting fle by sing eve qn pha y 20 Wer turfom race te 4 nag tot equiva F winding wit etl ‘ov T mt gts poi depres Segence cuneate nthe & Wingy Fetaing te eve vues Termes of Pau 8d "though we Zn eons to north pha ifn a Ya tego i for mot robs we a o estan rere for cltig te se [nionesp of awit and crore men tga to dow. Arendal Preouy te acta pss moni Jeperds upon to ning othe ae ‘hn maybe s30% 160" or "90" ar shown in Pure 7.14 However, the {ihe soe to exnaatny anys al ae amenerteshown 9 Figure 18 ete ra ase a ‘Gey (1d) Used win permit.) = voion a en comatose ate cacemat s rteeiateer ete bone rere aa ee ee a tact Re Se eer a See ryt teat reves eran Ss pt ite faa = eee ga tegen itn ee iri Someere he cyte tend a aga ity done ear Gig eariten eh temas cae toshOst attion ich ht Vn phase Wh Vas eign, thse Ie wich woath be lang fy win Page TS oh Van Vere Var iVeepe usd rose came ee cet ts ste pee ae hed eat he total a curent lp Signs 234228" pando 8 eraly compute from ghey fy" O7BLARSE* 0872 890 pu Jas" teh sa! ~078/0418" 0580 +}0572 pe a" OT8ESR = OB EABEA + -0550- 672 pu 0 by lwpaction og 9, Te Tas faat aay ales" + (0290-0248) +0760 0179) To'00- 9181350428 pw alas tag =0 + 0.100» 0179) +0290 0748) ‘ovo = ase 1 26/40" - 485" pe ‘eqonce cuenta al” Volga a he gomaor ba canbe clad by sn intgrocede andthe a an exer forthe neat rena tobe or In alga he segiene impedance f tre ae tpsormer banks om sn tie ue we anh soe mp oh BS Sie nddil"tateoemers pant» pt mpd tae apd2 oer? Bit ete ets te mt ate wining share pi of scomon tage cea Hee tease se ‘Rev tet oly a so mu og ane ies Ege sn, Brett tbe case, howe te wig! cape ath 2 "th a ob Sap Ca ae Ea yg gprtane design sd th shlligpe deg. These one contours sets Fiowe 7.17 whee cs are sown dus fo pastas eae spel ss Note atte conor winding (oly the prnay winding ae shown) tl {ret eng Sn my al ox ented won pu cao Se opt ene tomer squint fete oe ope Je ye te tt tn potest patna rome ns oe ste nearly the same as postive sequence impedances, providing the text doesnot Sanco ena rere cetatereeee Spree ast ah dient emer See Ree EC ‘Eethot alco ay mt poise ue aad te on 3p st ste to ye ot ‘edanc mo low that sboald not be ected Inthe een cet high “hw shale Sc mya recent x prblem ihe ee ete winding twcome sted nay homeer, the craton impedace afte Sl Pe “fhe ean of ether the conetye or selaype deg depen pon{the mane ofthe spi ao sogunse ole, a shows i Fgre 7.20, ut {he ope dig mich toy satahe tan the care eype de orton Pe 1 Tp ot re et tn eee, ee a any seution where hgh pfeilon I eg in alt computation, the _zmatotman mance sho ba onset east norman eo uence mye Whore rec data sna ox he pein not Tuind (ars eften the cnn the trn segues ipedaace take to bee {Sle puri aquensimpedane an tse ten ear take en tne deep for teins “is bien of it estaon snd Mae pronounced is ai ‘ta artsy 1, el 2] [28], and (6. Reterenc (20) te ae fot feprocnision of tephse, eee sve Fgura 120 and 7-1, were he potato QN nena at eile would be connected together or Zp. bho pods bnewer Pad te Pa Seep) nena ce ne pee" ‘Pabst dread and Uwe abs maybe pace Py Sead when slags eee tows rsh an igesmpedans groan connects Sach units wave a 220 {evo manne caret for ping pon is a fo ing re ‘Se, the impedance the extatlon impedance which anally taken t0 be inAy as Ae are : \e ee % ow . ai : ‘tetas and Cle 11, ot, 2 aan the angueneimedanes acon {iets theeewinng tafser teary to develop the tireleged ele ‘Mr to tat of Pure Tac" Following Carats aoa, we aire toe Sung Connection By dfn the tte nding lage npdancs fr cor =esageimpoance between 2y ad cae, srhece all ipence af py bed on tated volanpees per pe and th Jette ofthe winding kee vote of toe te evap ant over sy (uhh Roe th ae mama sf ut) eo) anes te {Notas othe nage, Sc ll mpedonee arm poate ae Ye ssppore bse, me compute fo (1.3), BeCi Tee 12 ig Siar and wh sa ots or ha Sande Winda of Figce 38 {Gren by Figure 7280 ad 728e respectively. The sation snd amen icone * . “ | rere ee a ah = a. reso we ay "Rae aan FS ad Wer Van= Bo a0) at tom Page 7.20 and 7.26 Vor r¥e ted hey an combining (146) and (1.4), we compte WeeYa-We- Mat. #2, 02,)0y +h) (48) ow ey Ut Ye, ta psn ate nt. alae, a Wa Wa Vitvand we so note tat Va tS Van (82e 25 #2.) a) Bat hi computed fo Vy ten 1/3 tes he ed LN og (0 bed scent Is Bao ed ast {ated 2) voltage ad if we choose 2 new base vollage V3 times axing 0 the {3a as, eno pu caren bo ime a ge neo pu cont. Use Sart my theme pu ne ate Tare Tarvtte as ie an (A) Wait Meg, as —2 ttB doy ass amin.) may een cea of Fe 7.2 ta hscaes Ye Wa! Of (As besos Vo =-@, #2) aise) After the change of tase in (780) we compute wy a sen B he yu cise ation (76) tii by he cet of Fie 7.27 et, bende ss of + sone sonore pine ama, (a8 > mt uy of vary sl ri gyms toe no peble in epeeseting the naormer, folowing the guaies Pry reat, dh se SEG ety he eid a lage tote wot te howowr tnt alae pone to coor the ae vlog 5 more ated ils cue tr ge ot sn Consider ior example, the simple stem shown in Higte 728 whe te ‘yt S88, and 38 ae narecanced ttn and re ute ae ‘Bememyhvelfeent volo ating Yet le tre euler ere ‘sce in perl mcrae tre nomial red 6 aod 161 EV Ie and oahu” roca ifthe lmsormen re of eet ue ‘alo oven though fly as to thr 69-61 somal eto ost ‘Serconecton ike that of Fare 728 wl oe cameo cle and eae {he pomer oct inthe inerooneid loop Tar the pein rb, ‘whi oftes Ignore fr fac computation shou we teaaw ht a soni! worm a gay be lene: er ned tp oat gets 34 "le a iol cet ce cope ten mene Ti senate ‘Th: X = 10%, 0 MVA, 161 (gd ¥)-09 (4) RV Beaune ming aw SEERA ESSRS peecearimed py Set ton 8 ee ‘a seen getup pee i gn Seas eee a BSc ronomer on the lowslage side of 2 and TS with tans alin 0987: 1 and {{DUG maori and woul ow the enone ote barn te my. Tae ‘coxaty the my fn ober sohed on network ayer The sulin [ve a eo sogunece eto re shows ia Fgre 7.20 whee tw acon ower tency ie {Beam edn ol compte on onan oe Scala ny qe ay tt tap Se | “Snr te mcd yest tp ni tenes an eso EES ih iChat om ote hath pao ea owe eas aes n> 19 ol nae ti Wit sets atid ar Figure 7.20 compute pera es as com Compute - leony tener a 1 equimtet erat of Feu 7.81 thee we wet nection HV Yok Get le rom (7.61) we compute men erany 99) ‘7B eter ihre oy sampHogue ieF= jn eee 5 = ae ee Ue She node wich corspond node of Figure 1:30 bay sto 1.0 1 yl te 5 nto ie Fe et n= OT pi om Y= (1.045) 4630) = 456 y nd) Ys (4.048) 0048)-1.36)= 490208 pu (ed) Y= (00494-1486) = 190.01965 ps (op) Acimpedancs the vers of thee gua computed a 2.=0ai9 2 z= 1809 pe See we utuly work wih impedance stir tan nian sd we 2% tebe eaatomer nyo, we compe fr (789) rss) "Note that sm appronhe ny the hn anche of he i gunn book sparen ie pn i sc “tie ote ete ra pt, his no once in asp work bat would edt. {eMule on nebore wee Sa pepe eye reinforce ane so aernaaeere nae Seca ooiaeene sda Se SSE en pomeren nce ae ci sone rerseerern ass _Haervotmper ond vols) tom (29) Bat 1B Nreeerte Sc eo was sp: Poe oman he ‘Stormont th stn cea od a eater Rage "ae ade “this connection ie showp in Fg 733 ware the inden taken fom os . 95) ayrorsnen feats Wo nuzy 3 Oman SHC HATS FaNMOGV 2 Sap ero em seoy tae tg sin oi main te "1 fom “ng mine eto FF. same Me ed wd Die Sa REE Seamed ag ae eed ‘ro 220. What nthe enter pei oed via mn ae vont 129-129). Bau =A Zap eB3ER Eng =O REE emer tein {00k and Ti tm i * Seis Sra {6} Cioat impedance Zan Zand Bye nro warentt Sake oe te ea Sra rca posure meee sia eee Eee er FAN le oc ae Ss guess ce Figure Situs era ener ea sates vom cts Seaton a ae cus ote at Ser ‘or een onto eee TeShER TEM taiw sommes aac scatman Peer 1 Sop eocce eon mtr atte eee ree ata concen rao) myc 6 oe y= 088) Reh 1 RODS Stata Seen ee SE rece (0) Saga Gah at sy ue My hae £V 8 30 ep“ner bet mdr by vie mp sega 12 O74 i ‘120 "ah oon sad the ek Sec na Te Poet morce WRG oe wan. Se ot ap) We as (0s st hn arn sig A at.) ae ps ape OUR At es sa Vie ioe 0 Ne Ra gad hi ane pe a. = Qeiesicee |G acamame a ie Sri the Vinings Spe ad Sigh ot eae we someting 724 einer omtionof Fge Ft ch sage emer o A EES ID ona Ae egrets tla 13 Cae st Salty at adn nop Yonah ame hae Steer a tn tm Sere Oho terenmnstne rte rmroh nea a nen ta ss mt 1 Coed ineset emcee pons 30 YA me 72 (Sd pr a eH en at cout oe ost Sete ae 6 Rae ets me eee eee yeh ee nerecto thera, ES acres (0 Se AVA rng ae erg mi te rng FERS tne i om te na compe ‘Pei 782 me eon on rng Spec ais att Sow ete Su da gh Spee oe lt ar Sgn ne ye Se Changes in Symmetry 1 pron per non he oct fing a mamma ‘Be Suotes sty exang the sso spon manaon te, ‘Shiney and uate to deter the impedance St thse sonnet ihe oof sequence cre We hou terete be cgi of eproetng ‘hy poee rym tnd aang cemetary mr ssa bas WE a ere ater Te te tn al nto se er repre pee ror ie ‘Simply be relabeled. Por example, if phase bis the phase of symmetry, let (a,b,c) Ss eke ey tated on te onstacion f+ geez a gran, Toe word method {aly one tad one werk of on (07) an oars 2 mtemtc way of expen nl iforoton which prety geal ‘sutra pu syomety anced trough the merit nl agra” [Sl atcetoy {86} For lout or tamer nae we top wt he general con ‘tio a he fal pest shown Fue 8.2 where, deperting pon the vlos ‘med ty Zor and 2 Unlaing 0 tod =) teu be a the ‘aoe ray dont Theat oy pton Hab.‘hic is etytaslormd tothe symmetric component domain by prem Pivngbotn tes 0 (8.1 hy A" Tn rt tain Basco 6 6 een Zon (IONE, #25 +2992, Lae = (IONEa Hae 2882) Ba IBN, #982, +420) 3x2, 25") Za (UBNE, +425 902) Za = CNEL +92, 122) Zoe = (ON, 482, +023) By wane, #425 0%) 2a =y9K2. +2920) 5) hy adaing the rows of (6.2), we may wre (5) eet frm. Adsg tho tre rows dey we hve, wan etan 6 agro ater ror 2 and tiesto 38 saad on nly ang row 1,8 ine row 2 anda nero 8 et ee os “Tue tye eguons (BOWS) may be wed to const agar whi ‘Senpetly defines the soditon donb a igre 81 Todas, however ‘Titonoie tu tof Goa orsh ics dee ote ae Sayer rg a ie (oe 20") wont ng em ‘ether quate We need nat tn of thw py devin bt ely 8 ‘ybole pas ahitr (ne wil hao oc to be concerned wih She Pi Sirti ira estate ae ca eave beak eo ‘erly tng Uns he pints. @y Qa Qy ae la he ae poet (int they olde ennai ota he vlager at oP and Py ae Vou = (USZit Von = WUDVZlas Von =/8VZle cd thse vllge ppear aro the top, ener, and ower tno 2 pect, wre frm era saa Tg th rantorer are st lo ‘Son rag oh oad 8) ore, ‘Uy we naan nwo peso nan aul, SUC fat an 214 fant (are we ny conn te LL ft art apc cae of he 200) ‘Abe S61 examin tho oc ntl so etapa pci pid, SUG fmt. Fora SLG fat on phe 2 weather conditions 20 Beken, %40 20) tnd we ey ow tat sine verte Biles teehee san petvager cata ee ple form of genera 13 Te pase tie ofinter urate are oud ante a Page “fn two dams gvn in Figure 8.3 and 84 srl the goer to ve all comin shunt at coniuratons forty lod pave ange (23 oan Fat pt Lona Fate We may denote ger uso onsite of wand seve impedance of Pgs 8 wher we come of th tpedant cones Isr netork punts anim with caret ined a wing fm ection ‘Te impedance ZZ, Z, ae te take of my ae ning and sm, there repel common ses fot coin ‘Ttebeek london dsc by Vonatt “Zheanla, en cee 2g vr td tine Sea cs eed ots megan a tent eat 2D ae coe eee eee Se SS Te eect noon So ceaan a tentia ect Benet anol Zu, en “Te sking siniaity between the general fut gras of Figure 82 nd Net E e tts Fad team at ar a eid the {Tumos voagie lathe two cae w 4 sollagh op though to emetic! Rend) ncvork own Fo Scat pste noth ese ee uf erent ita prey of st tr ine fevered tl dagam o Fig ito he dnp of Page 81 for ines ‘pen and to gue 4 for one ine open ‘There two dagane soul be com furl ede ih Pps sl bor sr (ne) ft The lrumon shat and sna faut competion only wo dams 1 we ‘tteu poner impinging ok Fm ch tte the mame in the serum Ut Ube phen alte depends only on the chloe of ‘Simca phase" By tne me mean tw ple hat petal th repet08, Gaerne Sapam lo ai gi to he other tro, a shown in Tale 8.1. ‘Thus ily ane hae toed in he hat pac repair two pa a alo, te Sr anna) fe tmmry, then; ove suncynatrottcomecoe canbe ed op sent ai common tee "he wre connects of igre 8.3 wT repre, {ho uc fot and to tines pen respects. The orl connection of ‘captains ivan ong! ote eno tld estou be sto rain he dagams "The ipedance Zr wd ot or reste peace se {rine impedane om ioe 2 inthe cof te 306 a A Compu of Fa Cutan Vet cor ro hn it tidy oi ‘foe meatng is sony lar om the vontae of ue, bower) "For both he ‘frend pam aerork coopoctons of Pigare 89 we il aw te eaten tt ey) be qn! Sa 9 np nig 7 es ie tena tastomations an terminal connections nto cut we may die ‘Sonn or te fut tartar aap efenng wan to aus 99, ote tat consent ety as ben (oath ene Sage Pind ut cre fy fee in dieton with Ios and Is and ete he termi, We ao ent ‘Shag Vbewern terms ae ey caren enter te ¥Y Pee "Sune tbe andar emanating te network te svudered en MSE mai Vive 1001.2 19) ‘Tie dene ane age Vg lore eee nator which in otgs op inthe dccton af annhe the op nero te fa pean ao rom the equene etmaie The mace of mae irae yo a aren ‘Rewe'89 and doped only on tefl symaeoy Wy compe VasveWeev eV, en V0 (02, #82625 425 9% )I- mE ne 25) Kooning this caren, we compute Uefa sequence curect fom (8.19), ‘Fa the perl conse ie convient owe thn (8.28) AFR VEE en Teh theh=® V=%r%o% 25) Tn =O (Fe +9, +8) V+ Fim head Ymhe v= gla 20) sey, oo, ss a ee en Re eet coe taressino sn mapa comer neem names ren et goa eee Srgachseptieiese ens Sharia eatin Serie Roeser rene Sut reguted snd toe se fanernsts nation vl bt pratt ae Sa Sra enero SSeS eae eame Sota Se creel eae ighassttaeattranttargnce es wetaratae Raises ee tie at elated by the homogeneous uation wos 20) But fom matric theory wee tha the eye (8.30) ha ont ton ean oni tho conan mate renga bay ee ty erate the aia nly een wc ey i hey a0 (a mx <0 meso os) Wey weit (6.92) mae form by desing the mars X where Xe feed (838) so tnt (32) become aomxso cow) SSnce X composed of Sorry independent columns det Xv 0 and X" xsi ine pony (234) by owebare ABO oe Auk (630) Sn now at otro under onder for which we hare al sgoequnon (nm Torn) ven 30) ‘hres wh sa ted wo by te taetormabon rex es We now ek lage tenon sich hat we may weit venr css) here hie trmetormaion i ic othe tion that he power invari, Piygevie evr (620) “Tiere wl aa hat the aw of conser fer peeved ‘Substring (2.3) into (839), wehuve VOT = VT oF Wie vO Te=0 00) in hs ald for al unt vector we once rom (8.35) tat Vike vn. way ‘easposing end eamanging, weve veKy eawe evsng cnn wish mt secompany he ut oman (3) set coring fe non = Ales Sterne careig w ‘rom (8.7) we wite = KF where Tetae KA, Est “ow om 4) Yan RAV AMV ne wa “Tha, wo bate ay = (8 A Vane whlch ace wth the conesins of Cap Ur deed by stant meted sppropnte to recog thatthe operon pe by aquton I~ KY ‘ow concept to te rade of sac hry Tit je away tT ‘er are ot Swap ain rth se wy ‘itd and tun composed oly ofthe eal me Ip and 0 (Hom ‘rou th mpi (A) Inte Meta ae fn fin on anton ‘ul design byte lasar We peer hat oon contaon with ted forthe apace maa of Caper tea wen in ‘anther tnd Ft ey am th i cn wh ert rtm) sas) tat each antenna hae he ee CIHR Iconian met aod hae he open ee ltt ect td Eshoe ae Node, eno that (61) MBN aw ste tatiana, wh is aK sgl a “tuoatn maya ed og fom ne of mah cant ‘Siitnewantormason unin "Top engrcncs wie cornt mate we oto a single xa Beenple 83 “Geta esmrk t= 9 nde, = 6 enc an connectad aha ‘Sibtng the sonnniae mate K and delemie te voltage ration SET OATS ihe imine of ees "Not tr ese matting oa Sotuon wr"Then the oige equation vf ioe nario rape ieee pie SHEAS ES i een Sree ret sory itn mre gh pr nye ioe temas Sees Ee rn tna tp iy eto cai, rca ea Sy en Ses ESET ape mn mie anger ofS Sre Rta nova Samer ess Spe ees eee ae i pt nae ee yn rosa vere meena ee nit nos shores See ee een ees SEH ce the max K apes theme of he zm tances to 8a ‘Sea, aypent bom Reot vlage iw dae KO ic ay Solin fs Wi vlogs ud any meh spentind by Kr The (48) ~ een 0) for any comecad sto, Sse te branch inpdancs here ae considered Yo indepen ew ago ee ‘Wiag sore. tne soe fi chaler we for ho EE wc. “hs omutabic way wie toon Th eqn (649) wich MY trate” atone mee no) ‘Seough te sot eK. An camp ml sie he met svscted tn Figure S41, Pind te Kern hich wl spey se connection ‘Bice nd anor mente to mh ces "te mth piv ontwork equation rom (6.48) as ZA where hte(835) ‘whieh compen _Brom ong it epic i ing id ea by Keon ‘Maint eg ora SLO taut on pase 2 Inte Ss 2 alts i pose wit ony one curent conta, Xi rr ne comin or hr tendancy ne 8 Ina cae fh tlt sme Wis pct a pha the Ki a tnd no any oer mmr spt. Kir compos Bat ei ole only he comple prams 2and 4 Tltmen ere tuo cure comers, ha Kmart ny be writin ch tata oe ofthe erent eyo i expat In the soon the BL Cathe ed Er btw cou ve ch yo ee eae i rely teat ae thecutons deserhng tt stanton ue piv in i reo ‘Puce quite nd (8 (65) tome of aque aati, The aro Boar fhe concn of tant we then spec y pong wet the ‘peaanes yy Zand Zyoin tr we otras ao he ‘en tg a el wh form Sania conto oe to may take advantage f hana ado othe Kron aaleat tschlun ty eng ou view of tho ie network te ec cna pai ale anim for sre ae ‘Se ear uly concern with ony he SLO, Lis nd 2 ft with eprops npn, we facut tn ong tel a: ty O90 ot Za 2, = 2 mata 2,40 “Te am exc the ec ae sed in ction 82 whee we Svea he ‘Soqnce network connetns gen Fgure 63 ar he SL ten ase fen, ad ett 0 fb La sh so ne rr Sane frm the oer newer oe Fyre 4). Per sy aE Figs 83 and prone wr wih he sce coms dcr te ‘miele! Kon prime tes of Pe 18 ‘U8 fala Lis nln whichie npc cae of BL, her ‘ets airy Choose Then we may aps Hgieatta cay yi ce Saath ene Biel “The contin mt may be eerie fo the connections of Pe Bane ESR hse abe 8 Now th tir mcr pods terdatety arable from te 20 revs by liminaing te column of Kore "fo toe for the sequence cunts, we mst se (8.7) forthe caret even nt wend olan of Tab 82 "Ths toque wo eon tens V este he we of Tele 2 and. by the allowing xa.1 omVp ty shy as + 2,422) ‘Ain, by Rowing tho sano cuenta, wc ent rh aa ek a mea ees oi Il the prince ais ken ul th pane Zo ee ‘Sted t ha of Stel pea eth neste iis So oad 8 spply. Similar statements could ao be made fr two line open involving other Tithe cred eaten cer nia oe 0 sa Se fet te alec paces pon tin bl rg tpl and mtx eT ety ado st tote ring eu agin Sey ee cumin a Pen ya nin em 8 be {5-3 cottons 0 fon te o 4. Sr toate i of ge A tr ca 42 tt pas Ere SiG Wren gs wl a toa ot veh E590) i ced ipo th ito nnd hw psn 0p ee o Suerte un Seaicniamenen teases Sy Ase rg ue =Simultaneous Faults2a = 2 eee ome) rom (9.19 (9.20), (0:29) and (2.20 we wie VeW yt tV eZ til 4 Bah, (i s2 eet oy) Dal thy ooh) ‘hs ment wan ly grit din oy ‘ottgs ind cart reco atm (2.16) and (817) pectin. Forte gaia WaWYe Braden oa) eestor: (9.21) for theater eww eo) (20) bon teak, oa) Combining sea wo ston wih (28), we wet Taleb tooth eWay + MMs 4% the two ont scription fr tie conection cel found by a sits iy mp 8 are eT {ae pin of (838 a he nie pat a. a meh ee $n ake Tay5, = Tarp memo 1 gutta ranappecupeasnt ate ‘tow thee quant can beats cmp he Se oe 9. pa empl rh rp (34 Rapa ual 95 fr ep fil cotton 905, Go he cm mae nt cei eg. Te Analytical Simplifications leg pgp epee eee Bee oes Naan cae eam ence aes rE al ella pga laine SS oe ones eee aoe eircom = oi ruca, whether the problem to be saved by dial computer, by network SRS tie See Seo ‘eam impedance Rec iat ihe potiv snares vag dtoed to ve the pase mguencn of the ayia grertors, We soar abel. nts rl” Only th rotting macs hee ifient pie rae ‘nce int In yn, coin a a tre coir oly thesia! conten ind mabe wegee & = = nce pray reduce networe complet wes ting nce pin he eof pha iing sore tn hon Gps 8d he hn tars ar ca he gn at {hued in pe only But notin tugs to snoonary aun of Vy ==) ‘Thee theplam thin mda dpeee Cantera ted in ae by veemvs Heh, (0039) hen combining (10.58) a (1 ‘Ste posta the lay which w exact shonin ge 108 ton nw oe may we Sa ftom Few 8 A20 fazen, 240 0958) SE ee ae eee com Blah 1980) or incoronting (10.0), we ave fr ay by aah rar= ayn atg 5 Fela 069 oan sio ie Sta Ya Bra Brae ee En) een Vag Eva 1% Yay 065) ro on cotati of 080), 208) (10.68) an 068) tere Eerphmc may y= Ochs eo ter oh os feloing consis rom Pig an kak, tO 10088) ast may te th ound eons . 10, Von2h +82 Stile 1087) INT ag hy = 1) 1980) Suzan the lage raion of (1087), compute Yeo Hen dlle 1) ‘Pen fom (10.0) and 0.80) V/V * HVS Za oF Vea Hla *Veu 20 0029 ern dt ua (1070) 20D Ve Taine votgs equations of 10.67), compute 21a E432 al = Vas Zag con where the quintile Van and Vee te fine by (1022 fine Sutton pss sande we mee he condi fr Figs 8.1 eBhesteetend darter Eig, Loe tao Bla SB taro aor ‘ie aly rangedoe ar tno tg liar Be AE hat We @ssepia iy Matta) ane Serer flr, oth 1 a 30 be nad ny mei ty ema ts a a i evap in ‘except that the enteral impedances are afferent. In the 210 «srhece ma mand my ae dened a Figure 10.1, Fo pel two conn = 2V ena Pim, * Vint urine (101) and (10.82 ae ely ver in th ce exon nctons {0 and 20.0. Othe ue are any nied ton, bat ew asa nee ving developed the generat fat digas of Figure 10.1, we oy ste tot fo th ounce role ants foray yy mlVia~ Zola? mlVas” lg)? miVaa Zlg)*0 088) {ert of th pet altage BV andthe Thovnin impose” basing mal Zales Za) *maOO¥r = Bihan Bh) 0 (on + mR =iml2a + Zn Fm, + 2Vex + mds * Zon ‘aoa lace Cntint lo 1088) mA = ella 2 mat cz, et tes 0086) ‘msm +) men m=, mont = = = Benne aan "pom (0.8) wea compute atom a2” 08s) fi ‘a spr cgay tot, Rate 00 20 9 iemteuamnnas aa Veg = mV ir, am (2.12) apg tm (pt) rie nn1090 te 89), rehire say Reem tte ere ahs= SE cere em int ip catieeeietace eee eas, er «Sat eaatbilewmameennnmn, ‘by the thteecomponent bod for any sym. ™ Computer Solution Methods Using the Admittance Matrix ‘Tuite ta any soto "by Manor by se fle wilt be au of te (Gueion and acempute il be wed Volts wl be gl compen SSR Ee ann we roa lpr {del an analats war sd for ary Yeas sony sal fo motetay “Tr a bral impatience + ner by ita x puter opps to anapecr technique inthe iia computer slo Ao, "Werte nt concrod aout te phys rebate eqs Inthe network aly, howenr, hal relent ewan ena. ‘Te sce ing tom Cap an 0, fr sum, ab ‘Pitter nce me ae the equations wich crib th sham mod! he ‘Modo the cont of pyle the enon “fe dg compote pth dint waraage at # roi 8 meas sig agen Seo yer rsh sap ined te [ite sdred bys goed computer Hower, compas commeciy ‘Sen nh vo eo sr ned Perry ‘erefre'sWexibs tol forthe soon flange sytem ange cen a only tao te enn shad kno hawt empl ‘ets ee jolt ey rots bar Finally, he digs compiler provides n means of Sling lage wont - sa. ae an on of rar moo en ao te ar {Ste "Tee pote teat lie ety by teal compte, they maybe stack nus nyYo ada ats oma ewer Ts eeveeesSgget tee hatcod Ua he whuonscoe Pl lee oe hail mish om Bec of the many abana f dg! compu hon of tor, me srt conde int chapir te ay wh See date aed ain ay ‘ange tor compute sltion, Ts eines bers eel ext yy ‘ean onthe ered rete red to ronal he many fe een Thettec (ee (207), or eampieh work ot impedances (or admitances) which ate intronnedtd in sme peed ‘Ty trou pt eld ode fo Ma) "The peda pene pat Dian impeince af wana Is td tonne Use tpt 5 ea nse pts ie mpi oe ow 3 on {he two a mse sp of anda sch ta per pose epee So nent wot woe bn hese teeninations cceut on the peal astm. Io some suet oa hy none may se be pected fr let Ota Giver crear toe {he lal ments epi when crud fa ae snd ad fone obit nado Cha oa trees Th nos tc with trealnoes aed nd inns hh ae ‘tay the ume a tach mqnoe neler Lie lpn te ote {sive and pou quence networks bi ated n Chapa 4 a ‘tthe tro soummeeReomark Au, th topoug tthe oun ‘otk ten dle ne ose nate sgueoe Se. emeniety introduced and Bored nie compute memory. Toe primitive et sean oust ay eating el cme ech ee ot ely on "np "gre he a neat Shee Se contr Satter tots Unger a © ect aro sh ous lta lid wg en he the pemive impatanse ati of ot (aga) and mtu (ogc) Sp eatin cay Stren pine pcan and terior se ~sllimpetanc f tranche Lb er mata pete Beton ances and, f= In many eto the mut impedance wood be spy & mata act For mutual coped eam kno howee ee uj wi het el se nth dng lens ot (11.2) wil way xt re wil be nie so nna Fathemo, 1) tae pane etn fr he [etmpedanee terms il vay be smile than the digs herent). ‘Soc the ogunal semnt of Zareal sone, the mer of Zens, Ml “sping 1a) 2" weave gation (1. i th Noon aguas of (1.2) dh cunt sore tem. ‘Shp nw shown Pe 1 a a). Oeae ee ae Etaoxo pos 0 ide x) tn by tainrom Tele’ hore (77 wey compte the omer ening th tia a ony Vai = vr as) tot rm 1439) ging ra UA ad, ating int (12.15), wo Sete Gig EM a8 VIDE oF QA = En the rach ane ode ‘shar arse WeAd, ane) L-W¥av, “PV eum gunn (1.17) ie called indefinite wdnitaner matric desertion of the ‘iam 5] nent Reams he tage rene et pel cn ‘ested fo the betwee doeryion hate ter itersng propery SSS ai einraetalte il wracenanenacne ye keya, eas) of the network of Example To = iptv ade ii was compa Euan ad te ‘npartconeeto, : tga he nt dnc mn eon ot Apne.” we mow preter mame some nade im te ptwart the ‘elownce and mess al vliges ih topes fon pon Hie ao ¢ ‘Stones noe tr comcant hae the cet energie uepetind 113 de Aiton od np eon ae rork na he ae pie (padane oe admin) mati wher» fe lt ie Wags ph heath thee th ane) eh unt ie oly not oie exp The oa inddencs us Tar te work of Figur 11.4 forme wing xa an nc rp san or ene - 1 fase 2460, sea as 9 aid 3 | sas anes asie 0-50.00 a2 ono aaa 0 0 aaa 0 | aes iam soo soo 0 -s0.000} Sav completly supped ota af bal a win Heal oe =i rach pot comeced aPanties eee ce ter en hae ree See ich igumterrermset careers eee tO" Generator Ystunded wo ta pede, element 2 So See Sane Oye Proceeding acorn to th ale (1.21), we we an SRR Na noe tints one we ced enya rsd by yoann cay ite now the rmiive matrix must be tat which atl eludes only hove Sct tt aio Lo Hemp 8 te a Tmihena aay yee om "unin (1.2) may ead NY to compute 3 fs nasa 2] ‘ra bere tot han me 12 jain YH, yo GGhning Rows (4,8) and cohns (1,8)ofYy ste mina since node 4nd tee pombe to develop (11.22) in ie way to tht by which (11.17) was dove, et sata etic 1.20) om a apna iw. 25 were Vi the nde aitnce mts defi y (1.22) and Va arctan ‘ent adelaide eft ae Tht rts aaa ‘ha wots ar ndgednt nto arabe, he mers of Yet owe my new a2) dane and he nate af inet Ear ving ol snd oe dn Ucayali £08 mad BUS by sme ma (0 oe ‘he Tndatiatesamidance mae tole he mpuraa propa Of hs ix ‘ewe eet ‘the vagus eared ae yolagn ope to a exaaleene® pot aed bp. Ar noted peony, ony Wt wage and ofthe coments138) 139) ans)rua hesfre aed val ey dtd ot dota ce: Pang 129 eth mo snc indie nite main of te tem of 1 syra Oj ine cad thas abana apenas ao me 57 -960.000, yy =488, ye ce ee ae ‘Ms Thaud beaded aa obtaned stoning o 20 ‘Align 008. Pale (09) Sane, om 20) 10h els) Sunzate 24, om (2,3), (8.2) ae ees "Tle the mea het ample 114 ranch Iie ete in tt pe ror nica ei fs mtg te or dt ance edi tect alyBa Perna ‘ Be om Bie $ Ba too hd fie me we Be 0% ie iio a & ob ne Pe SD — AB ee - teeing tt Eval tar evant ebione ss, pees atte Pett tu Be a oe Siemirennti Bee een oped pairs mpd by on rest ees olf pean 1146 Sec na ame 4 apa 2.189 Las Yea (2 agen 8) ‘LAE Geog es nr tat A fortes ne tra Oy Se ace mae ang La 10, te» ea 1122 ap eon 1 ey era ie oe *Computer Solution Methods Using the Impedance Matrix In Chapter 31 ata msin method wae dvd which cold be ‘ae ge ft eee oe ei ince ow Fee atc Gee a ene aahs ens he Moto emp mat ee me mye (123) 10 Zan Wilaipeyns OAR os aa ‘dang elements aro ead the “Open ecu ding pont se eet imped pace driving pln imgedanc, = open eet tamer impedence 2b Yor sai mena ae ined may comely be own by necting “he impedance matrix ct be ad lf fat eompatation if we apy sh ee ig tad en oti srs vr Toros false computed ty comicing the foaled node to the NY bath twa alt pene Ze Crp Sad ae ‘Soe sar sw im Pigte 122 at at he Con I tecopai f- | 44 _*| 1, the cma extern node he Sion tot cep fy te eo (2.8 = Valbee =I 2s) ‘whlch ne my ssi to (2.5) 9 lie Ya ae fot oF Siigvitas roma enrs speach ainda Sita tenement Dghcoewenenemcomms Sadat oa ican se yl a saSe ng eee anassaecgen Be Tgp es moe tn at erage ta anh es my nt Sy rarolsode to werly compe tntewren Bota mes Myf) nao) SERSERS RASS te ie peice doen etc wh myn ni nt es gc eet in i eanple 121 Tn th post quence ibRance mat oF Wiens a Beam 13 Tht om elcome "The psi sguence network shown Figure 123 whet the wo eee tetris ney Cnt ana So 12.9) ec ind _Beire paling age rt el aod ti coin[Notice thatthe technique of injecting 1.0 pu current into node 3 to find cohama 1 tone mor dat roti tn Raga 12 en aay tthe flowing computations we ste tht hf pdane oo ae ‘he nent equnte panes se eae Soepondi etre see Impedance. ‘her fom (2.4) wie 2 p= Pass + 2s *YOO0891 *102690 = 50.9621 hen om (12.13) the magus fal caret ae eva “laa "has = .0}03821°- 72861 pw ‘Te saaenc ope at csp om (1216)-(02.18) a Seis E} Ed ES)-E - tot, ee sp te cece 2518 9 1m te sto sequence network he af peta wi andthe eae ‘uy sure #8 pan oe pine sans ma [ere] ~-nen fos pasa] (2) nee] = a ‘oop oor Maar VG notin wt 122. An imp Mai Ai "Toe impedance mate an excl network deci oun the ‘oof fled swore if lo crete ae ec, tintin ‘esto, oth for tu Sure sd rane cen, ay compte ee 1% ioegh yt fo fat computation te impedance ai not ss cng to form asthe amitane mates Furthermore, mera he pmiianse itn errmely pane he snpedance mat comply files ei ‘Ren howmer, out on fb mpedancer onda be sed a compe ‘amaze This mequze no) emery loins the impasse ‘Sn Hover many nae hs ett oct ay ay wna iy faring te pis mu he og ‘Sia ne dete we he volige reference tay etd Tt tr fora impedance mat dwon ven the snp pombe metro ‘Scsiing of toe camer as ne fnte space mati esrpon se he ‘Slant ie comeced othe vltage referonee "Ths bento the wa ht ‘Senta of fw mats ue det agen by the ewan La = Walpayene FEB can Xe a impedance cleat not connected i ay ay to the eee, Ve ‘lor inte han fy gen ty ae ech a0) Ta carte ofthe Sedanc ahr mats at the ne mate mpedanes sou be ted Spore hm et wih mtn th tae eee a) teed omens ‘Th sori or ing We imp a {isle mane x quis be br won checked [6 12)"medecnbe ct tmps simpler he pene ato fetta Thee west ae recommended odin oth jc, patsy {he wos of Browne a [7071] and Eating [72]. ans ta lls ‘Boal he sega stati nt not nce the bit oly Wa to on “inp ie tmeer of is chapter we wil cone te ance nay he Sarge by ing new tl nh se hangs oop tee charg psy it at map fn od Pre ne (op) tates ten computed he how intaguce a new nc fie Pesan prom the refrnte fo 0 peel anid pe @ meow Figee ie" Nppping (12.21) mit t= we can darn thet chan of {eZ mates "Since the mpadnce y's eSobced onty ote feces ae ac sacl ar sry ae arrange ea by‘some he te ott nnd oni me {iwing Beane 123 whch involves no mata cop. Sia “ai te ance tod Tae Hand ot mtn perce Se oa ne ued ‘sting econ mhing prot nede a ach tp a dane by computer ro: ‘ie pc me ry wh ae Ls, Si ats mee to ssa sede Bowne ep 1a aga Va tt ee a tana enn therein gir (12.20 ‘Tha we complete sep by aing 25 loeton 94 oF zy2]o 0 AI a cl wie ey ep The aS te fou a ot 5 =]HB6 doves Fone wat ‘gel th reece, The fl fo th ata von by (188) whch ie sno (2. esc ne amy wet 2-4 a['o 0 020 |-0a acons I scone 323 Conse bar is the eed abe et Se 2 Saceeeet ion wo te pone onc rt nt = iif "Te tho snd clum lense compate rom (12 Fk Kae ~ Za) a CnhrmaNlas ~En)=0 1 2y)=inia- 285 oa2-9am i001 Be -2a-Uaubnektay- fu) s002- 255 002-08 0.08 BaF ha ueon Ba 0.07 +5012- 5298 (008 root aaa) =jo24 ale oor oor eae ste» new noe 9 extend iy fom nod 3. We la ¢ 2b the flow IDeatepeCy Reins ow 4 by trow'2): owe (phe con 4.07 {Gr tha he a9 es Fa” Day Ha peer win tinmentca’ : oes 3 [oo0e ony]Bap. ‘sepeetion of (12°35) 23 of SS -bev as Sohing forthe pi voting, eae Cea a “ie pao dd fr, tay opt een tty ot he Sn lar ject and he turned se esourngn to ly ane of te oct “pd and dtl hve soe died Which stmt to ‘eta only cra eure node Sf wry ge ins 78-15). A esi ‘Bice esha aby he mh ty the 120-Conprtont Attic in inpatient _ ‘Prom the dscusin preset Chas 11 and 12 it ould be apparent sapere ay teed comp ger ne [Emultioe end the iapdance mtd tie and incoming a {eration metod Ba thr aoe port conan wich Set be swe made no ue of tn ix spray. Tiny and others (81, 82] have made Teams mala oft it ony cdr tg rete ‘pure iegua actor form, vo salve sevock pbs Ts foun a engine wach stir net dnc maya ahh Sis pas anette es ents ag SPE time wie onal probs exp aon smal network wer Ser i aly oe anata iret ip the eto. 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(atta) on» ox Toba nd Oe Sl wha nis nen SUNT Atonod [2 Hee he MRS ttle tom of ar ne, ea cning mera ike a of Chapter the egos often rebel at having 7 oe 02 Po reatle woot os : + ae ects ow XE ron oma neo fn ‘Nira L2 point ot athe ewer ‘Eocky pope oD which iknow ani fe en wt erly = BBS? 09 a> (ay) ene oo Ly 200 pele os "te exempt ndtnce aie ta compte by the ama expen ell Mel os) sina “ats deeming Ine pdance sans fs 4D OF Gaal en. eer nda, mt it i Sh a Uti yD eds one el af a ram Bg Meet Pa= - wra Solved Examples ecu ble sed to = ese Te pupa a hs apen es ‘Se mal sole te nag mth one comphtepluns froth nos) otic Ward Hae (9) Yo i eo sens tit Tht Te hs rae it pra i an eng HeuRstant apne snence ipa av aa and to prove ol ont tpn ce ng, eon ein pn ‘tbat wl rote sie ero ‘Bsmt sh evi heee ere a comple 84-5 SLO fw dy for Whe ae atwork i prea nae £2 "thte cet conan a nade networks shown a Figure 2. This network more eral in and peneaton ‘olga pen tdBibliography Gen tn enpedanse ip, Za Ze connected in, the euent rim, Ce ah Sr oesiCormas Api te San ibn era rm eh oda, Sioa, td et Re er ue i Li a8 i Ages, Maca, Now = = i ie foun — it taper Row: New Yor 1 Dace e es Seice a i . Ee arom tation sea (ientipen tar ener Brag D. Samet! Component, McGrwt,Stctonr Wp, Bement of Power Bytom Ana, I, cee ‘Atmood,Senien 8 Hes an Megnete Fs, aa. Wey, New York, Line ne A TR IEEE TO ot povod Traamison Lines” IL Single Lies with Horizontal Conductor AF In'Sednoas for Estinnting Cunt Ualace. ant IEEE PASS. 612-70, Sete ee Tee jane WV. Applications of the Method of Symmetrical. Components ‘Pantie: bane Eel Tnroduction to Matrices and Linear Transforms Gruy, SB, md Sale, Uc Be Location, of Series Capacitors In igh ory i rt igs teaver ee pee et et gear one Chas fiero Recker Theory ond Performance. Wey, Prentice, B. R. Fundamental Concepts of Synchronous Machine Resetances, Pee aie eopamauainn 1 Ommane wi WA Base Ariz of ‘Synchronous Machines, I Trane AIBE ee ee kena nan Seay Gunes mee Cae BI a nt Hani ater cee ash ran me Seer ecm Deen Eh ee ae et or eon we aera em tee ay mez ae Ea Bement eon SSRETE Be ft Repl opm Hancock, N,N. Matric Analysis of Electrical Machinery. Pegamon Pres, Synge, dL. The Fundamental Theorem of Blectrcal Networks. Quart. Appl ‘Stay Cean. wand Ala Abed Computer Meihos iPower Sy Andere, FM, Bowen, DW, ad Sah, AP. An Theta Admittance Seca ha cata Sa SE ee weerareemategettesoe See Ee beta vee teen raters iru! Bignerg Matai, Haein,‘igi Calculation of Network impedances, Tans AIBE 74 (pt. 3): 1986-87, 1065, (68 Hala H. i, and Ward, J. .Digtal Computation of Driving Pont and Tran sdncen Trae AIRE 78 (pt hearst, 1987 168, Teast, A, L- Digtal Solution of Short Cycal Currents fr Notas Io cluding Mt! inpedanenr: Pras, AVEB 78 B):1720-25, 1989 70. frown HE and Reno gl Cation of Bhd Phae to Ground ‘tino Tene St Ceuta by Mati Med rane ATBE 78. 72, BiAbind, A.B. Digal Calculation of Lineto

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