Dear student

Quadratic Equation:-

An equation in which highest power of the any variable is two is known as Quadratic
Equation.

General form of the Quadratic Equation is

ax2 + bx + c = 0

Where a, b, and c are constants.

Also a ≠ 0

(If a = 0, then the equation becomes a linear equation.)

Now we prove the quadratic formula as

Standard form of quadratic equation is

ax2+bx+c=0

Where x represents an unknown, and a, b, and c are constants with a not equal to 0.
If a = 0, then the equation is linear, not quadratic. The constants a, b, and c are called,
respectively, the quadratic coefficient, the linear coefficient and the constant or free term.

Step#1

Dividing through out the equation by a

x2 b c
+ x+ =0
a a a

Step#2

We can write it as

Take constant term on the Right hand side

b c
x2 + x= -
a a
Step#3
 To complete the square on the Left hand side
b 2
Add ( ) to both sides.
2a

b b 2 b 2 c
x2 + x+ ( ) = ( ) -
a 2a 2a a

b b2 b2 c
x2 + x+ 2 = -
a 4a 4a 2
a

b 2 b 2 - 4ac
(x+ ) =
2a 4a 2

Taking square root on both sides

b 2 b 2 - 4ac
(x+ ) =
2a 4a 2

b b 2 - 4ac
x+ =�
2a 2a

b b 2 - 4ac
x= - �
2a 2a

We can write it as

-b � b 2 - 4ac
x=
2a
Or we can write it as

-b + b 2 - 4ac
x=
2a

And
-b - b 2 - 4ac
x=
2a
Or we can write it as
 -b b 2 - 4ac
x= �
2a 2a

So if the value of the constant is 0 , then we have

-b
x=
2a

This is the required QUADRATIC FORMULA.

Example:

Solve x 2 - 3x + 2 = 0 by using the quadratic formula.

-(-3) � ( -3) 2 - 4(1)(2)
x=
2(1)
3� 9-8
=
2
\ x=2 and x -1

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