M7.

8 Coastal Ecuador Earthquake of 16 April 2016

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EARTHQUAKE SUMMARY MAP
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Prepared in cooperation with the
Global Seismographic Network
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Tectonic Setting Epicentral Region
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M7.8 Coastal Ecuador Earthquake of 16 April 2016

Seismic Hazard
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( 16 April 2016 23:58:37 UTC
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Earthquake Depth (km)

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Ecuador
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0-69 0.371° N., 79.94° W.
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a nd d ir e ction of s lip (of the ha ng ing wa llwith r e s pe ctto the footwa ll) ;the s lip is a ls o colore d b y m a g nitud e .The
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vie wof the r uptur e pla ne is fr om a b ove .The s tr ike of the fa ultr uptur e pla ne is 29°a nd the d ip is 15°ESE.The
d im e ns ions of the s ub fa ulte le m e nts a r e 14km in the s tr ike d ir
e ction a nd 10km in the d ip d ir e ction.The r uptur e
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0 125 250 500 upon this pla ne is 7. 1e +27d yne . cm .
5° Epicentral Region 5°

DATA SOURCES REFERENCES

TECTON I
CSUMMARY EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMIC HAZARD Bird, P., 2003, An updated digital model of plate
USGS, National Earthquake Information Center boundaries: Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., v. 4,
NOAA, National Geophysical Data Center no. 3, pp. 1027-80.
The Apr il16,2016M 7. 8e a rthqua ke ,offs hor e of the we s tcoa s tof nor the r
n Ecua d or ,occur re d a s the r e s ultof s ha llowthr
us tfa ulting on orne a rthe pla te b ound a r
y b e twe e n the N a zca a nd Pa cific pla te s .
Atthe IASPEI, Centennial Catalog (1900 - 1999) and
loca tion of the e a r thqua ke ,the N a z ca pla te s ub d ucts e a s twa r
d b e ne a th the South Am e r ica pla te a ta ve locity of 61m m / yr
.The loca tion a nd m e cha nis m of the e a r
thqua ke a r e cons is te ntwith s lip on the pr im a r
y pla te extensions (Engdahl and Villaseñor, 2002)
EHB catalog (Engdahl et al., 1998)
Engdahl, E.R., and Villasenor, A., 2002, Global
Seismicity: 1900-1999, chap. 41 of Lee, W.H.K.,
b ound a r y inte r
fa ce ,orm e g a thrus t,b e twe e n the s e two m a jorpla te s .Sub d uction a long the Ecua d orTr e nch to the we s tof Ecua d or ,a nd the Pe ru-Chile Tr e nch furthe rs outh,ha s le d to upliftof the And e s m ounta in HDF (unpublished earthquake catalog, Engdahl, 2003) and others, eds., International Earthquake and
ra ng e a nd ha s pr od uce d s om e of the la rg e s te a r
thqua ke s in the wor ld ,includ ing the la r
g e s te a r
thqua ke on r e cord ,the 1960M 9. 5e a rthqua ke in s outhe r
n Chile . Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program Engineering Seismology, Part A: New York, N.Y.,
Volcanoes of the World (Siebert and Simkin, 2002) Elsevier Academic Press, 932 p.

While com m only plotte d a s points on m a ps ,e a r

thqua ke s of this s iz
e ar
e m or
e a ppr
opr
ia te ly d e s cr
ib e d a s s lip ove ra la r
g e rfa ulta r
e a .Eve nts of the s iz
e of the Apr
il16,2016e a r
thqua ke a r
e typica lly a b out160x
60km PLATE TECTONICS AND FAULT MODEL Engdahl, E.R., Van der Hilst, R.D., and Buland, R.P.,
in s iz
e (
le ng th xwid th)
. PB2002 (Bird, 2003)
Ji, C., D.J. Wald, and D.V. Helmberger, Source description
1998, Global teleseismic earthquake relocation with
improved travel times and procedures for depth
of the 1999 Hector Mine, California earthquake; Part I: Wavelet determination;Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., v. 88, p. 722-743.
95° 85° 75° 65°
Seismic hazard is expressed as peak Ecua d orha s a his tory of la r
g e s ub d uction zone r e la te d e a rthqua ke s .Se ve n m a g nitud e 7org r e a te re a rthqua ke s ha ve occur re d within 250km of this e ve nts ince 1900.On Ma y 14th,1942,a M 7. 8e a rthqua ke domain inversion theory and resolution analysis, Bull. Seism.
Soc. Am., Vol 92, No. 4. pp. 1192-1207, 2002.
ground acceleration (PGA) on firm Kilom e te r
s
occur re d 43km s outh of this Apr il16th,2016e ve nt.On J a nua r y 31s t,1906a M 8. 3e a rthqua ke ( r e porte d ly a s la r
g e a s M 8.
8in s om e s our ce s )nucle a te d on the s ub d uction z one inte r fa ce 90km to the nor the a s tof the DeMets, C., Gordon, R.G., Argus, D.F., 2010. DISCLAIMER
rock, in meters/sec², expected to be Pe a k Gr
ound Acce le r
a tion in m /
s e c*
*2 Apr il2016e ve nt,a nd r uptur e d ove ra le ng th of a ppr ox im a te ly 400- 500km ,r e s ulting in a d a m a g ing ts una m itha tca us e d in the r e g ion of 500-1, 500fa ta litie s .The Apr il2016e a r thqua ke is a tthe s outhe rn e nd of the
0 250 500 1,
000 1,
500
Geologically current plate motions, Geophys. J. Int. 181, 1-80.
Base map data, such as place names and political
exceeded in a 50-yr period with a
probability of 10 percent. a pprox im a te r
upture are a of the 1906e ve nt. As ha llow,uppe rcr us ta lM 7.
2e a r thqua ke 240km e a s tof the Apr il2016e ve nton Ma r ch 6th,1987r e s ulte d in a pproxim a te ly 1,
000fa ta litie s . BASE MAP
boundaries, are the best available but may not be
current or may contain inaccuracies and therefore
NIMA and ESRI, Digital Chart of the World should not be regarded as having official signifiance.
USGS, EROS Data Center
.
2 .
4 .
8 1.
6 2.
4 3.
2 4.
0 4.
8 NOAA GEBCO and GLOBE Elevation Models Map updated by U.S. Geological Survey National
Earthquake Information Center
18 April 2016
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/
Map not approved for release by Director USGS