biomechanics

plane movements
axis and plane are imaginary concept .
bicep curls- movement of elbow, where axis passes
through the joint, and axis and plane are always
perpendicular to each other.
frontal plane- PERPENDICULARto the ground-
anterior and posterior.frontal plane has sagittal
axis .any body part which has side to side
movements ,movements occuring in frontal plane
around sagittal axis.

sagittal plane-perpen to the ground - divides body

into left and right . take a paper and divide our body
in the middle that is sagittal plane .movements in
frontal axis.sagittal palne has frontal axis.
transverse plane-parallel with the ground and
divides body into upper and lower parts that is it
cross sects the body.horizontal plane and vertical or
longitudinal axis.all body rotations oocurs aroud
vertical axis adduction and abduction movements.
adduction is medialy rotated towards the midline of
the body and abduction is laterally rotated away
from the midline.

anatomical position
standing straight up ,facing forward, arms to the
side,legs parallel,palms forward.
anterior means front of the body
posterior means back of the body
medial- location at the middle
lateral - away from the mid line
superior- above some reference point
inferior - below some reference point
proximal is towards the trunk of the body and distal
is away from trunk of the body
inversion-rotatates towards midline of the body
eversion - rotates away from the midline of the body
dorsi flexion and plantar flexion is the
condition,,where there is relation is between surface
of the foot and anterior surface of the leg, (saggital
axis cuts the middle part of the foot)
dorsi flexion- dorsal part of the foot moves towards
the leg, and plantar flexion where dorsal part of the
foot moves away from the leg
pronation- dorsiflexion+eversion+abduction
supination- plantar flexion_+inversion+adduction
flexion and extension is only applies to joints only
and muscles do not flex or bend