LAN1

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR

LANDSCAPE WORKS

AUGUST 1995
J111 (Rev 11/02)
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CONTENTS

Page

FOREWORD v

BRIEF HISTORY vi

1. SCOPE 1

2. REFERENCES 1

3. DEFINITIONS 1

3.1 General 1

3.2 Miscellaneous 1

3.3 Mandatory and non-mandatory requirements 1

4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 2

4.1 Meetings 2

4.2 Commencement of work 2

4.3 Site entry 2

4.4 On site supervision 2

4.5 Location and identification of below ground services 2

4.6 Damage prevention 2

4.7 On-site discipline and security 2

4.8 Conformance with Standards 2

4.9 Preservation and protection of existing trees and shrubs 2

4.10 Use of chemicals 2

5. PLANT MATERIALS - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 3

6. PLANT MATERIALS - PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS 3

6.1 General 3

6.2 Transplants 3

6.3 Whips 3

6.4 Feathered trees 3

6.5 Standard trees 3

6.6 Extra heavy standard trees 3

6.7 Surface cover (soft landscaping) 4

6.8 Shrubs 5

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Page

6.9 Hedging plants 5

7. CERTIFICATION AND HANDLING OF PLANT MATERIAL 5

7.1 General 5

7.2 Inspection 5

7.3 Sampling 6

7.4 Damage 6

7.5 Packing and protection for transport 6

7.6 Pre-planting protection 6

8. LANDSCAPING WORKS 6

8.1 Clearance of site 6

8.2 Topsoiling 6

8.3 General cultivation, grass seeding and turfing 6

8.4 Planting 7

9. PROTECTIVE FENCING 9

9.1 Rabbit-proof and rabbit/stock-proof fencing 8

9.2 Removable sections of rabbit-proof fencing 9

9.3 Stiles and gates 9

9.4 Removal of vermin 9

10. CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF THE SITE BY THE CONTRACTOR 9

TABLES

1 Watering 11

2 Tree planting 11

3 Tree and shrub shelters 11

FIGURES

1 Planting and staking guide 13

2 Tree shelter 14

3 Hedge reinstatement between fields 15

4 Protective forestry fencing (with no stock) 17

5 Stockproof strained wire fence 18

6 Removable section of a rabbit-proof fence 19

7 Rabbit-proof pedestrian gate 20

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8 Rabbit-proof vehicle gate 21

9 Stile in public footpath 22

APPENDICES

A LIST OF REFERENCES 23

B PROTECTION OF EXISTING TREES 25

C FERTILIZER AND HERBICIDE 28

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FOREWORD

Comments and queries regarding the Technical content of this engineering document should be directed to:

Engineering Policy
Transco
Brick Kiln Street
Off Coventry Road
Hinckley
Leicestershire
LE10 0NA

Further copies of this engineering document can be obtained from Dataform Print Management using the
print requisition form G004 quoting the Form Number of this Transco engineering document (not the
designation) and your cost code.

Transco documents are revised, when necessary, by the issue of new editions. Users should ensure that they
are in possession of the latest edition by referring to the Transco Register of Engineering Documents
available on TransNet.

Compliance with this engineering document does not confer immunity from prosecution for breach of
statutory or other legal obligations.

Contractors and other users external to Transco should direct their requests for further copies of Transco
engineering documents to the department or group responsible for the initial issue of their contract
documentation.

DISCLAIMER

This engineering document is provided for use by Transco and such of its contractors as are obliged by the
terms and conditions of their contracts to comply with this engineering document. Where this engineering
document is used by any other party it is the responsibility of that party to ensure that the engineering
document is correctly applied.

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BRIEF HISTORY

First published as BGC/PS/LAN1 August 1981

Amendment No.1 published October 1989
Revision published as GBE/LAN1 August 1992
Amended issue published as LAN1 August 1995
Erratum No. 1 published August 1995

Editorial update to reflect demerger November 2000 June 2001

Editorial update to reflect merger October 2002 November 2002

© Transco plc.

This engineering document is copyright and must not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means
without the approval in writing of Transco plc.

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR

LANDSCAPE WORKS

1. SCOPE
This Technical Specification* specifies the supply of plant material, the preparation and planting of
landscaped areas, the protection of planted material and the care of the site.
* Hereinafter referred to as 'this specification'.

NOTE - Landscape design, land reinstatement and land drainage are not covered by
this specification.

This specification does not have the same scope as BS 4428. However, where applicable, these landscape
works are generally as required by BS 4428. At all times this specification takes precedence.

2. REFERENCES
This specification makes reference to the documents listed in Appendix A. Unless otherwise specified the
latest editions of these documents apply, including all addenda and revisions.

3. DEFINITIONS
3.1 General
For the purposes of this specification the definitions given in 3.2 and 3.3 apply.

3.2 Miscellaneous
approval: approval given in writing by the Engineer or the Supervising Officer.

Contractor: the person, firm or company with whom Transco enters into a contract to which this
specification applies, including the Contractor' s personal representatives, successors and permitted assigns.

Engineer: the person appointed from time to time by Transco and notified in writing to the Contractor to
act as Engineer for the purposes of the contract.

site: the area of land defined in the contract drawings.

Supervising Officer: the person appointed from time to time by the Engineer and notified in writing to the
Contractor to act as Supervising Officer for the purposes of the contract.

3.3 Mandatory and non-mandatory requirements

can: indicates a physical possibility.

may: indicates an option which is not mandatory.

must: indicates a requirement in law and in matters of health and safety.

shall: indicates a Transco requirement.

should: indicates a strong preference, but allows deviation exceptionally.

will: indicates an intention by Transco to do something.

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4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
4.1 Meetings
At the discretion of the Engineer, the Engineer, the Contractor and his foreman who will supervise the
work, shall attend a pre-start meeting.

4.2 Commencement of work

Landscape works shall not commence until all civil and mechanical works have been completed, including
land reinstatement, subsoiling and drainage works.

4.3 Site entry

The Contractor shall not enter the site unless he has received the approval of the Engineer/Supervising
Officer and, where appropriate, complied with a Transco 'Permit-to-Work'.

For guidance notes on the Transco 'Permit-to-Work' refer to SSW7.

4.4 On site supervision

The Contractor shall nominate an experienced person to be on site to supervise the landscape work being
carried out and shall inform the Engineer of the nominee.

4.5 Location and identification of below ground services

Before work commences, the Supervising Officer shall indicate to the Contractor the location and depth of
any below ground service pipes and cables. The Contractor shall erect, to the satisfaction of the Supervising
Officer, temporary markers which shall be removed on completion of the contract. If required by the
Supervising Officer, the Contractor shall prove, by cable detection or hand digging methods, the location of
all services.

4.6 Damage prevention

The Contractor shall ensure, at all times, that the soil condition will support any machinery or other
equipment he has on site and shall take all precautions necessary to prevent damage to existing services.

4.7 On-site discipline and security

The Contractor shall ensure that no employee trespasses or deposits soil, litter, stones, etc., on land
adjoining the site or on any land not licensed to receive waste. The site shall be kept secure at all times.
Machinery and other equipment shall be immobilized when left unattended.

4.8 Conformance with Standards

All goods and materials shall conform to the appropriate British Standards and/or Transco specifications
and shall be approved by the Supervising Officer.

4.9 Preservation and protection of existing trees and shrubs

The Contractor shall preserve and protect, to the satisfaction of the Supervising Officer, any existing trees
and shrubs on the site (see Appendix B).

Care shall be taken to avoid mechanical or chemical damage to any existing landscaped works. Damaged
plant material shall be replaced as required by and to the approval of the Supervising Officer.

4.10 Use of chemicals

All chemicals used on the site shall be used in accordance with the following:

a) All current legislation, including the Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986, Control of
Pollution Act 1974, Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 1988
and the Water Resources Act 1991.
b) Transco H, S & E Procedure: PROC/H, S & E,/207 Use of Herbicides, LAN 2.

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c) Code of Practice for the Use of Approved Pesticides in Amenity and Industrial Areas.
d) The approval of the Supervising Officer.

5. PLANT MATERIALS - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

All plant material shall be supplied in the quantities, sizes and varieties shown on the relevant drawings or
contract documents. For establishment purposes, all plants shall have been, for at least one full growing
season, in a local nursery. They should be strong and healthy, supported by a strong, healthy, fibrous root
system and shall be bare root or container grown as specified.

Variations from the specification or substitution of species shall not be made without the approval of the
Supervising Officer.

6. PLANT MATERIALS - PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS

6.1 General
Trees, plants, etc., to be in accordance with BS 3936: Part 1 and Part 4.

6.2 Transplants
All transplants shall be one-year seedlings plus one-year transplants and be at least 400 mm in height, or as
defined on the schedule to meet specified local circumstances. Plants shall be packed, labelled and
delivered to site in bundles of not more than 50 with the roots of each bundle protected in a plastics bag tied
with string.

6.3 Whips
A whip shall have a defined straight and upright leader and its stem shall be well furnished with lateral
shoots. Whips shall be 1000 mm to 1500 mm in height above nursery mark.

6.4 Feathered trees

A feathered tree shall have a defined straight and upright leader and its stem shall be well-furnished with
lateral shoots. The tree shall be 1500 mm to 2000 mm in height above nursery mark.

6.5 Standard trees

A standard tree shall have a sturdy, reasonably straight stem 1650 mm to 1800 mm in height from ground
level to the lowest branch and a minimum diameter of 25 mm when measured between 600 mm and 1000
mm from the ground. It shall, according to the species, have either a well-balanced branching head or a
well-defined straight and upright central leader with branches growing out of the stem with reasonable
symmetry. If not container-grown, each tree shall have a well-defined and contained rootball, protected
with hessian or plastics covering.

6.6 Extra heavy standard trees

An extra heavy standard tree shall be a minimum of 1800 mm in height from ground level to the lowest
branch and an overall height of 4250 mm to 5000 mm with a minimum girth of 200 mm at 1000 mm above
ground level. It shall have, according to the species, either a well-balanced branching head or a well-defined
straight and upright central leader with branches growing out from the stem with reasonable symmetry.

6.7 Surface cover (soft landscaping)

6.7.1 Ground cover
Ground cover shall be plants which, at maturity, do not exceed 250 mm to 300 mm in height and shall be
container grown.

6.7.2 Grass seeding

Low maintenance grass seed mixture shall be supplied by a reputable company and should have the
following composition, as dictated by site conditions:

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a) Mixture A for normal areas:

1) Chewing Fescue - 35%
2) Slender Creeping Red Fescue - 20%
3) Strong Creeping Red Fescue - 20%
4) Brown Top Bent - 10%
5) Smooth Stalked Meadow Grass - 15%
b) Mixture B for shaded ground and very wet areas:
1) Brown Top Bent - 50%
2) Creeping Red Fescue - 25%
3) Smooth Stalked Meadow Grass - 14%
4) Rough Stalked Meadow Grass - 5%
5) Crested Dogstail - 5%
6) Kent Wild White Clover - 1%
c) Mixture C for low maintenance landscape including 5% wild flora:
1) Slender Creeping Red Fescue - 20%
2) Strong Creeping Red Fescue - 20%
3) Chewing Fescue - 25%
4) Hard Fescue - 15%
5) Smooth Stalked Meadow Grass - 10%
6) Brown Top Bent - 5%
7) Birds Foot Trefoil - 0.5%
8) Common Vetch - 0.5%
9) Corn Poppy - 0.125%
10) Field Scabious - 0.5%
11) Meadow Buttercup - 0.5%
12) Oxeye Daisy - 0.5%
13) Red Campion - 0.375%
14) Ribwort Plantain - 0.5%
15) Wild Carrot - 0.5%
16) Yarrow - 0.5%
17) Sowing rates shall be as specified by manufacturers instructions or as otherwise
specified by the Supervising Officer.

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6.7.3 Turf
Turf shall be grown, treated and supplied in accordance with BS 3969 and BS 4428. It shall be supplied free
from weeds and shall have been treated with a selective weed killer not less than four weeks prior to
delivery at the site.

6.8 Shrubs
Unless otherwise specified, all shrubs shall be 400 mm to 600 mm in height.

6.9 Hedging plants

6.9.1 Thorn quicks
All thorn quicks shall be 450 mm to 800 mm in height above the nursery mark, not less than two years old
and not more than three years old.

All bare-rooted plants shall have been lifted carefully in the nursery with the minimum of damage to the
roots. Plants shall be packed, labelled and delivered to site in bundles of not more than 50 with the roots of
the bundle pre-watered and protected in a plastics bag tied with string.

All container-grown thorn quicks shall be grown in a no-soil compost containing an adequate amount of an
approved fertilizer. The container shall be of 500 gauge polyethylene (PE) and the diameter of the
container, when filled, shall be not less than 150 mm. The plants shall be established in the compost so that
when lifted up by the plant only, the compost and container remain firmly attached and shall have been cut
back to approximately 250 mm above the compost at least one complete growing season before supply to
Transco. The plants shall be thoroughly watered during the 48 h period before delivery to Transco.

The Contractor shall dispose of all containers to the satisfaction of the Supervising Officer.

6.9.2 Other forms of hedging

All other hedging plants shall be 400 mm to 600 mm in height above the nursery mark and at least three
years old, unless otherwise specified. Bare-rooted plants shall be packed, labelled and delivered to site in
bundles of not more than 50 with roots of the bundle protected in a plastics bag tied with string.

Container-grown hedging plants shall be grown in no-soil compost containing an adequate amount of an
approved fertilizer. The container shall be of 500 gauge PE and the diameter of the container when filled
shall be not less than 150 mm. The plants shall be established in the compost so that when lifted up by the
plant only, the compost and container remain firmly attached. The plants shall be thoroughly watered
during the
48 h period before delivery to Transco.

The Contractor shall dispose of all containers to the satisfaction of the Supervising Officer.

7. CERTIFICATION AND HANDLING OF PLANT MATERIAL

7.1 General
Procedures shall be in accordance with the guidelines given in the CPSE publication Plant Handling.

The Contractor shall provide a certificate from the supplying nursery or seed merchant to the effect that all
plant material supplied is as specified prior to start of work.

7.2 Inspection
The Contractor shall notify Transco of his programme of work, not less than three days prior notice being
given, to enable the Supervising Officer to inspect plants prior to delivery to site.

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7.3 Sampling
At the discretion of the Supervising Officer, a sample of plants should be marked with a tree paint or tagged
at the nursery to enable them to be checked against similar plant material. Plant material not to specification
shall be rejected.

7.4 Damage
Plant material that has sustained damage in transit or on site may be rejected at the discretion of the
Supervising Officer.

7.5 Packing and protection for transport

All trees shall be adequately and carefully packed and protected to survive transport to the site without
damage. Particular care shall be taken to ensure that the roots are not allowed to dry out, and bundles of
plants shall be protected by damp moss, straw, sacking or other method approved by the Supervising
Officer.

7.6 Pre-planting protection

On arrival at the site, all bare-rooted plants shall be heeled immediately into prepared beds as near to the
planting area as possible. Material in containers shall be placed on level ground in an upright position. Both
shall be kept sufficiently watered and protected from vermin and may be kept in these positions until
required for planting, which shall be within a period not exceeding 14 days from delivery.

During temporary storage and the planting out operations, care shall be taken at all times not to expose bare
roots to drying winds, frost or bright sunlight, and plants shall be carried in suitable bags or sacks.

8. LANDSCAPING WORKS
8.1 Clearance of site
Before commencing setting out the site, the Contractor shall clear from the areas indicated on the relevant
drawings all surface rubbish, debris and stones exceeding 50 mm diameter and transport this material from
the site to an approved tip. The procedure may include the use of a non-residual weedkiller and shall be in
accordance with current legislation, the Transco H, S & E Procedure PROC/H, S & E/207 and be to the
approval of the Supervising Officer.

8.2 Topsoiling
Stripping and spreading of topsoil shall not be undertaken when the ground is waterlogged or frozen.

Topsoil stripped from the site shall be stacked to a maximum height of 1.5 m and a maximum width of 10
m, and located in areas approved by the Supervising Officer. When necessary, a non-residual herbicide, as
indicated in Appendix C, shall be applied to control weed growth.

All imported topsoil shall be clean, pest and disease free, fertile, with an acceptable humus content and a
pH compatible with adjacent undisturbed soils. It will normally be of medium texture, free from weeds and
extraneous vegetable matter, and must be acceptable to the Supervising Officer. The Supervising Officer
shall approve a representative sample of the topsoil before delivery of the main load to site. If storage of
imported topsoil is necessary, this shall be as prescribed above.

All topsoil shall be spread in accordance with BS 4428.

8.3 General cultivation, grass seeding and turfing

Weeds and/or grass in excess of 150 mm in height, or where specified, shall be cut and removed from the
site.

Unless otherwise specified, the Contractor shall use power-driven equipment to cultivate the whole of the
area to be seeded and planted. This may be tractor-drawn or mounted or pedestrian-controlled, as dictated
by circumstances. Under normal conditions, pedestrian-controlled cultivators should be limited to small
areas, or areas close to marked services, where the use of heavier equipment is impracticable. This work
shall not be undertaken during periods of drought or when the ground is waterlogged or frozen.
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A low nitrogen content, pregermination general fertilizer, as indicated in Appendix D, shall be applied in
accordance with the manufacturer' s instructions seven days prior to seeding or turfing.

Unless otherwise specified, the whole area shall then be cultivated to produce a tilth suitable for grass
seeding and shall be seeded in both directions at the total rate of 32 g/m 2 , lightly harrowed in or raked over
by hand and lightly rolled.

Unless otherwise instructed by the Supervising Officer, grass seed shall be sown only during the periods
mid-August to end- September, and March to May, to enable the grass to be cut and rolled twice before the
practical completion of the contract.

8.4 Planting
8.4.1 General instructions
The planting of deciduous trees, shrubs and hedge plants (except container-grown) shall be carried out from
the end of October to the end of March, avoiding periods of drought and times when the ground is
waterlogged or frozen.

Planting of evergreen shrubs (except container-grown) shall normally be carried out only during October,
November, March and April.

Planting of container-grown plants may be carried out at any time of the year, avoiding periods of drought
and times when the ground is waterlogged or frozen.

All container-grown material shall be watered, prior to planting, to field capacity (i.e. normal moisture
content for the particular type of soil) or as directed by the Supervising Officer.

All plant material shall be watered at the time of planting at the discretion of the Supervising Officer and
subsequently as directed by the Supervising Officer in accordance with Table 1.

8.4.2 Specific instructions

Bare-rooted nursery stock shall be treated with Alginure root dip, or equivalent, applied in accordance with
the manufacturer's instructions, prior to planting. Trees shall be planted in accordance with the requirements
of Table 2.

Planting compost shall be non-peat based and of a type approved by Transco such as ALS Premier Peat
Free Compost and Soil Conditioner, or similar, and thoroughly mixed with backfill.

Container grown plants do not require planting compost to be mixed with backfill.

The bottom or each hole (or hedge trench) shall be broken up to a further depth of 150 mm and any grass
turves which have been stripped for excavation shall be placed roots up in the bottom of the hole, or
removed from site, as directed by the Supervising Officer.

Care shall be taken to avoid smearing of the pit sides. Where this occurs, the sides should be roughened and
broken by hand before planting to ensure that root penetration is not prevented.

Each tree shall be placed centrally and upright in the hole with the roots spread out, unless root balled or
container-grown, at the same height as previously grown, matching soil indicators on the stem with the
surrounding ground.

Unless plants are container-grown, the backfill mixture shall be thoroughly shaken down between the roots.
Backfill for all plants shall be lightly consolidated. Care shall be taken to avoid damage to the root system
and finally the root collar shall be firmly heeled in.

Transplants and shrubs shall be protected by rabbit-proof fencing if the area is sufficiently large. Where
fencing is uneconomic or difficult, plants shall be fitted with tree shelters or rabbit-proof guards.

Where possible, excess backfill shall be spread or transported from site as directed by the Supervising
Officer. If removed from site surplus material must be taken to a suitably licensed tip. The procedures for
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transport and disposal shall be in accordance with current legislation and to the approval of the Supervising
Officer.

8.4.3 Hedge planting densities

The following densities per metre shall be maintained when hedge planting:

a) Thorn quicks:
1) Container grown :6
2) Bare root :7
b) Other than thorn quicks:
1) Container grown :4
2) Bare root :4
c) Thorn quicks mixtures:
1) Container grown 2 thorn + 2 other
2) Bare root 4 thorn + 3 other
8.4.4 Rabbit-proof guards
Where there is no rabbit-proof fencing for the protection of plants, rabbit-proof guards shall be fitted to the
trees as indicated in Table 2. The guards shall be of heavy duty plastics, 75 mm diameter and 450 mm in
height, either spiral type or with a perforated side slot (see Figure 1). Spiral type guards shall be fitted with
supporting canes, 500 mm to 600 mm in length to reduce wind-rock.

8.4.5 Tree ties

A tie shall be fitted to trees as given in Table 2.

The tree tie shall be adjustable and comprise a reinforced rubber belt with buckle and profiled rubber block
spacer (see Figure 1).

8.4.6 Staking of trees

Tree stakes shall be fitted as shown in Figure 1 and given in Table 2. The stakes shall be stout and straight,
tanalised, and have a top diameter of 65 mm. They should be pointed at the butt end and de-barked. Stakes
shall be placed in position before the tree is planted and shall be embedded 400 mm below the bottom of the
pit.

8.4.7 Tree shelter

The Contractor shall attach individual tree shelters, such as Tubex 'Classic', Correx 'Galemaster' or
equivalent as approved by the Supervising Officer, to a height suitable to protect the tree from foraging
animals (see Table 3).

Each tree shelter shall be attached to a single stake 1500 x 25 x 25 mm. The stake shall be embedded not
less than 750 mm into the ground, and each shelter shall be supported with two clips or ties, to the
satisfaction of the Supervising Officer (see Figure 2).

8.4.8 Mulch and composts

Non-peat based mulches and composts (e.g. forest bark) shall be of a type approved by the Supervising
Officer.

Forest bark shall be light, medium or coarse grade as specified by the Supervising Officer. Mulches shall be
spread evenly to a depth of 70 mm.

9. PROTECTIVE FENCING
9.1 Rabbit-proof and rabbit/stock-proof fencing

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For details of rabbit-proof and rabbit/stock-proof fencing, see Figures 3, 4 and 6 to 9 inclusive. Tropical
hardwoods shall not be used in fence or gate construction.

9.2 Removable sections of rabbit-proof fencing

Where indicated on the drawings, the Contractor shall construct and fix on site removable sections of
rabbit-proof fencing as shown in Figure 6.

All glue used in the construction of the removable sections shall be completely waterproof and resistant to
acid attack or to any other chemical action in the soil.

All wood used in the construction of removable sections shall be Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) and cut to
size before being treated with preservative.

9.3 Stiles and gates

Where indicated on the drawings, the Contractor shall construct and fix on site, stiles and gates as shown in
Figures 7, 8 and 9.

9.4 Removal of vermin

After completion of all fencing, the Contractor shall ensure that no rabbits or other vermin remain within
the plantations. All rabbits or other vermin found in these areas shall be removed, or killed humanely, as
required by the Engineer and in accordance with the Control of Pesticides Regulations.

10. CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF THE SITE BY THE CONTRACTOR

The Supervising Officer is reminded that the Specification of Works should allow for maintenance of
existing and new landscaped areas.

From the date he takes possession of the site until final completion of the contract, the Contractor shall
maintain all landscaped areas on the site in a weed-free condition to the satisfaction of the Supervising
Officer.

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TABLE 1 - Watering

TABLE 2 - Tree planting

TABLE 3 - Tree and shrub shelters

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FIGURE 1 - Planting and staking guide

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FIGURE 2 - Tree shelter

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FIGURE 3 - Hedge reinstatement between fields

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PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR FIGURE 3

1. TIMBER
1.1 All timber shall be tannalized softwood preserved to BS 4072.

1.2 Intermediate posts shall be 100 mm x 100 mm sawn, or 100 mm diameter.

1.3 Stile rails shall be 100 mm x 40 mm sawn timber.

1.4 Stiles not to be installed within 10 m of gas pipeline.

1.5 Stiles shall not be erected on public highways and bridleways.

1.6 Stiles to have rabbit-proof netting affixed before rails are nailed on.

2. IRONMONGERY
2.1 All wire shall be to BS 4102, galvanized to BS 443.

2.2 Barbed wire shall be two ply with four point barbs. However, where horses occupy adjacent land,
plain wire in accordance with 2.3 a) shall be used.

2.3 Gauge of wire shall be as follows:

a) Plain wire - 10 SWG (3.25 mm diameter) high tensile steel.

b) Barbed wire - 12 SWG (2.64 mm diameter) mild steel.

2.4 Wire staples shall be 40 mm long.

2.5 Butterfly tensioners shall be used on each strand of wire.

3. CONCRETE
Concrete shall be C 25P to BS 8110.

4. HEDGING
4.1 On arable land with no stock, a fence (to protect hedging) incorporating three strands of plain
wire and rabbit netting is acceptable.

4.2 Plant hedging in double staggered rows. Planting in accordance with 9.4.3.

5. ERECTION
5.1 Straining posts shall be set in 480 mm square concrete to within 300 mm of the finished ground
level.

5.2 The height of the new fence shall match the height of the existing hedge or fence if the latter is
less than 1150 mm high.

5.3 Rabbit-proof netting shall be fixed, using saddle rings, to the plain wire; this shall be outside of
the fence generally.

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FIGURE 4 - Protective forestry fencing

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FIGURE 5 - Stockproof strained wire fence

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FIGURE 6 - Removable section of rabbit proof fence

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FIGURE 7 - Rabbit-proof pedestrian gate

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FIGURE 8 - Rabbit-proof vehicle gate

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FIGURE 9 - Stile in public footpath

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APPENDIX A
LIST OF REFERENCES
This Specification makes reference to the documents listed below (see clause 2).

Statutes and Regulations

- Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986

- Control of Pollution Act 1974

- Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) regulations

1988

- Water Resources Act 1991

British Standards

BS 443 - Specification for testing zinc coatings on steel wire and for quality
requirements

BS 1485 - Specification for zinc coated hexagonal steel wire netting

BS 3936 - Nursery Stock:

Part 1 - Specification for trees and shrubs
Part 4 - Specification for forest trees

BS 3969 - Recommendations for turf for general purposes

BS 4072 - Wood preservation by means of copper/chromium/arsenic

compositions:
Part 1 - Specification for preservatives
Part 2 - Method for timber treatment

BS 4102 - Specification for steel wire and wire products for fences

BS 4428 - Code of practice for general landscape operations (excluding hard

surfaces)

BS 8110 - Structural use of concrete:

Part 1 - Code of practice for design and construction

Trade publications

- Code of Practice of the Use of Approved Pesticides in Amenity and

Industrial Areas - published jointly by the National Association of
Agricultural Contractors (NAAC) and the National Turfgrass
Council (NTC) (obtainable from NAAC, Huts Corner, Tilford Road,
Hindhead, Surrey GU26 6SF)

- Plant Handling - published by the Committee for Plant Supply and

Establishment (CPSE). (Obtainable from the Horticultural Trades
Association, 19 High Street, Theale, Reading, Berks RE7 5AN)

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Transco H, S & E Procedures

PROC/H, S & E/207 - Use of Herbicides

Transco specifications

LAN2 - Procedures for maintenance of landscaped sites

SSW7 - Notes for guidance on the issue of permits to work

Further reading

- Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food

(MAFF)/Health and Safety Executive (HSE) - published annually by
HMSO

- UK Pesticide Guide - published annually by Commonwealth

Agricultural Bureau (CAB) International/British Crop Protection
Council.

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APPENDIX B
PROTECTION OF EXISTING TREES
Existing trees or groups of trees which are to be preserved shall be indicated on the drawings. Where
practicable, all trees or groups of trees shall be protected by fencing which should enclose the area covered
by the spread of the trees. The fencing shall be supplied by the Contractor and erected where indicated on
the drawings (see Figure B.1).

Where circumstances are such that trees cannot be fenced off, the Contractor shall take the following
precautions:

a) The trunks shall be protected from abrasion by strapping temporary buffers to them (see
Figure B.2).
b) Building material (including topsoil), site huts, workshops and vehicles shall not be allowed
beneath the tree canopy causing ground compaction (see Figure B.3).
c) Oil, petrol, pesticides and chemicals shall be stored in fully-bunded areas. They shall not be
stored beneath the tree canopy, as spillage may kill the trees (see Figure B.3).
d) Site fires shall be kept well away from trees and roots as hot air and fumes cause damage
(see Figure B.3). The location of any fire shall be approved beforehand by the Supervising
Officer and shall comply with all Transco 'Permit to Work' requirements.
e) Where existing hard paving about a tree is to be removed, it shall be immediately replaced
with topsoil to prevent the drying out of surface roots.

FIGURE B.1 - Fencing existing trees

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FIGURE B.2 - Temporary trunk protection

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FIGURE B.3 - Examples of good site practice

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APPENDIX C
FERTILIZER AND HERBICIDE
C.1 PRE-GERMINATION FERTILIZER
Fertilizer for use before seeding or before turfing for application between Spring and Autumn shall be as
follows:

Compound fertilizer of 6 : 9 : 6 analysis

Nitrogen (N) - total 6%

Phosphorous pentoxide ( P2 O 5 ) - total 9%
(3.9%P)
Potassium oxide ( K 2 O ) - total 6%
(6%K)
C.2 NON-RESIDUAL HERBICIDE
Non-residual herbicide to control weed growth on topsoil stacks shall be glyphosate such as 'Roundup Pro'
or 'Spasor' and applied at the rates recommended by the manufacturer and in accordance with current
legislation.

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