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COMPONENTS
OF
PARTIAL DENTURE

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 • Removable partial
denture, also
referred to as a
partial, replaces
one or more teeth in
the same arch. This
can be removed and
removed at the
patients will.
DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Components of a Partial Denture

• Framework
– The cast metal
skeleton that provides
support for
. the
remaining
components of the
prosthesis

DR.VINAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Components of a Partial Denture

The parts of a partial

denture are
• 1. Major Connector
• 2. Direct retainer
• 3. Rests
• 4. Indirect retainer
• 5. Minor Connector
• 6. Denture base
• 7. Replacement teeth.

DR.VINAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 1.Major
1. Major Connector

• Major connector connects

the various structural
elements on one side of
the arch with those to the
opposite side of the arch.
• All other parts of RPD are
attached either directly or
indirectly to the major
connector.

DR.VINAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Requirements of major connector:

All major connectors must:

• Be Rigid
• Provide vertical support
and protect soft tissues.
• Provide indirect retention
where required.
• Provide an opportunity for
positioning of denture
base.
• Be comfortable for the
patient.
DR.VINAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 type:
Criteria for selection on type:

Major connector Maxilla:

• Need for support.

• Number and location the teeth to be replaced
• Number of clasp.
• Presence of tori.
• Need for replacing anterior teeth.
• Requirement of indirect retention.
• Need to stabilize weakened teeth.
• Phonetic consideration.
• Patient attitude and patient preference
DR.VINAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Criteria for selection on type of

Major connector Mandible:

• Requirement of indirect retention.

• Horizontal stability and stress distribution
• Need to stabilize infirm teeth
• Anatomic considerations.
• Esthetics.
• Contingency planning
• Patient preferences.
DR.VINAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 •Direct retainer

• A component that engages

the abutment tooth and
resists the dislodging
forces applied to the RPD
is called the direct
retainer.
• The two types of direct
retainer are
• intracoronal
• extracoronal
DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 •INTRA CORONAL

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Extracoronal retainer or
Clasp:

• Principle: resistance of metal to

deformation.
• It is designed so that one terminal of each
clasp is located on the external surface of
each tooth that converges apically to
produce an undercut.

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 • When two or more of these clasp terminals
engage undercuts, the partial denture will
resist dislodging forces.
• The amount of retention can be varied by
the depth of the undercut and flexibility of
the clasp arm positioned in t he undercut.

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 IDETIFYIG
UDERCUT

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Types of extra coronal clasp:

• 1. Circumferential or
Akers clasp:
Cast circumferential,
wrought
circumferential or
combination clasp.
• Vertical or bar or
roach clasp:

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Components of clasp assembly:

• Rest
• Body
• shoulder
• reciprocal arm
• retentive clasp arm
• retentive terminal
• minor connector approach
arm

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Indirect retainer:

• A component of RPD that assist the direct retainers

in preventing displacement of the distal extension
denture base by functioning through lever action on
the opposite side of the fulcrum line when the
denture base moves away from the tissue in pure
rotation around the fulcrum line.

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 •RESTS:

• It is Projection of the
clasp that lies in a
prepared recess of the
abutment tooth and acts
to support and stabilize
the RPD.
• A metal projection
designed to control the
seating of the
prosthesis.

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 • Hence it serves primarily
to transfer forces
occurring against the
prosthesis apically down
the long axis of the
abutment tooth.
• A rest seat is the prepared
surface of the tooth into
which the rest seat.

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Other functions of Rest are:
• Secure clasp assembly and
prevents spreading of
clasp arm.
• assist distributing occlusal
load in two or more teeth
• Prevent extrusion of
abutment teeth.
DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
• prevent ingress of food
between abutment tooth
and the clasp
• Provide resistance to
lateral displacement.
• Contribute indirect
retention.
• Establish more acceptable
occlusal plane.
Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
 • Three types of rest are
• occlusal rest • A rest which is the
• cingulum rest component of direct
• incisal rest retainer is the primary
rest.
• Auxillary rest or
secondary rest is the
additional rest that
may be used for
indirect retention.
DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 •Minor connector:

• Primary function:
Join other units of the
prosthesis such as
clasps, rests, indirect
retainers and denture
bases to the major
connector.

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Secondary function:

• distribute the stresses

that occur against certain
components of partial
denture to other
components of RPD thus
preventing build up of
force at a single point.
• Distribute forces in the
edentulous area through
ridge and the remaining
teeth.
DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Minor connector:
connector

There are four types:

• join the clasp assembly to the major connector
• join the indirect retainer or auxiliary rest to major
connector.
• join the denture base to the major connector.
• serve as an approach arm for bar type clasp.

All the types of major connector must be rigid except TYPE

IV
DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Minor connector:
connector

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 Minor connector:
connector

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
 • Denture base : Acrylic
or metal Replacement teeth:
• 1. Acrylic
• 2. Metal
• 3. Porcelain
• 4. Facings
• 5. Tube teeth
• 6. RAP

DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture

DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
DR.VIAMRA DHARIWAL Pre-clinical Prosthetics Lecture
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute