Perencanaan Kapasitas Produksi 1

Bayu Kusuma, S.Pi, M.Sc

 WHAT CP (Capacity Planning)?

The number of units a facility can hold, receive,

store or produce in a period of time.

It is the upper limit or ceiling on the load that an

operating unit can handle. It includes: equipment,
space, employee skills.
 CP goal?
To achieve a match between the long-term supply
capabilities of an organization and the predicted level
of long-run demand
• Overcapacity  operating costs that are too high
• Undercapacity  strained resources and possible
loss of customers
 CP Question
Key Questions:
• What kind of capacity is needed?
• How much capacity is needed to match demand?
• When is it needed?
Continue…
Related Questions:
• How much will it cost?
• What are the potential benefits and risks?
• Are there sustainability issues?
• Should capacity be changed all at once, or through
several smaller changes
• Can the supply chain handle the necessary changes?
 Considered ISSUE

• Capacity strategy
• Demand patterns
• Growth rate and variability
• Facilities (Cost of the building and operating)
• Technological changes (Rate and direction of
technology changes)
• Behavior of competitors
• Availability of capital and other inputs.
 Designer Principal Activities
• Plot plan development
• Equipment layout
• Piping design
• Engineering cost
• Focal points for clients
• Project management
• Construction
• Engineering
• Supporting discplines
 Planning Types

Long Range Add Facilities

Planning Add long lead time equipment *

Conscious
Intermediate of theSub-Contract
constructability
Add of every layout.
Personnel
Range Planning Add Equipment Build or Use Inventory
Add Shifts

Schedule Jobs
Short Range * Schedule Personnel
Planning AllocateMachinery

*Limited options exist Modify Capacity Use Capacity

 Capacity Decission
1. impact the ability of the 6. affect competitiveness
organization to meet 7. affect ease of
future demands management
2. affect operating costs 8. are more important and
3. affect lead time complex due to
responsiveness globalization
4. are a major determinant 9. need to be planned for in
of initial costs advance due to their
5. involve long-term consumption of financial
commitment of resources and other resources
 Capacity Measure
Design capacity
Maximum output rate or service capacity an
operation, process, or facility is designed for

Effective capacity
Capacity a firm can expect to attain given its
product mix, methods of scheduling,
maintenance and standards of quality. Design
capacity minus allowances such as personal time,
maintenance and scrap
 Capacity Concepts
Utilization
Actual output as a percent of design capacity

Efficiency
Actual output as a percent of effective
capacity
 Utilization
Measure of actual capacity usage of a facility, work
center, or machine

Actual Output
Utilization =
Design Capacity

(expressed as a percentage)
 Efficiency

Measure of how well a facility or machine is

performing when used

Actual output
Efficiency =
Effective Capacity

(expressed as a percentage)
 Design and Effective Capacity
Design capacity is the maximum theoretical
output of a system
Normally expressed as a rate
Effective capacity is the capacity a firm expects
to achieve given current operating constraints
Often lower than design capacity
 Effective Output

Measure of how well a facility or machine is

performing in reality

Effective Output = Effective Capacity X Efficiency

 Trying to Measured
Actual production last week = 148,000 rolls
Effective capacity = 175,000 rolls
Design capacity = 1,200 rolls per hour
Bakery operates 7 days/week, 2 shift, 8
hour/shifts
 Thank you

I’m not going to changed you to be me. I’m

going to changed you to be you.