Overview of the ABAP RESTful Programming Model

in SAP Cloud Platform ABAP Environment

Product Management Technology Platform, SAP
2019

PUBLIC
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Objectives

After completing this learning module, you will be able to:

Understand the mission of the ABAP RESTful Programming Model

Understand how the new programming model improves developers live
Understand the meaning of business objects and business services

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Programming Model: The Mission

… for the development of

SAP Fiori apps and
PROVIDE A PROGRAMMING MODEL …
Cloud APIs / A2X services…

… for customers and partners in SAP S/4HANA … supporting the product qualities
… for SAP internal development in SAP S/4HANA User experience: SAP Fiori and SAP HANA
… for customers and partners in Cloud: scalability
SAP Cloud Platform ABAP Environment ABAP assets: non-functional requirements

… offering an end-to-end experience

… and being flexible
standardized development flow
Break-outs for non-standardized implementations
best practices & development guides
Out-of-the-box extensibility & verticalization
high development efficiency
Reuse components / APIs in “freestyle” development
focus on business logic, rather than technical
scenarios
aspects

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Agenda

The ABAP RESTful Programming Model

Why and what?

Business Objects
Definition, Demo, Roadmap

Business Services
Definition, Demo, Roadmap

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The ABAP RESTful Programming Model
Why and what?
Improvement of the ABAP Programming Model
Integration of existing code and Development Efficiency

EXISTING EXISTING
TECHNOLOGIES APPLICATION CODE

Integration of existing code

Service enablement
End-2-end development
experience
ADT only tools
Intuitive development flow
Extensibility and verticalization Native CDS and ABAP language support
out-of-the-box No code generation
Only typed APIs for main implementation tasks
Business Objects as ABAP first class citizens

ABAP RESTful PROGRAMMING MODEL

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 Guiding Principles
ABAP RESTful Programming Model

All standard development tasks…

... are based on ABAP Development Tools in Eclipse
… with an end-to-end development experience
… with native CDS / ABAP language support (for 80% use cases)
Typed signatures
Static code checks
Auto-completion, Element Info…

There is
… NO use of generic framework APIs
… NO code generation
… NO redundancy in transport-objects
Improved lifecycle (transport, patches,…)
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ABAP RESTful Programming Model

SERVICE SAP Fiori UI A2X

CONSUMPTION Consume OData UI services Consume OData A2X services

SERVICE BINDING
BUSINESS Bind the service to OData protocol
SERVICES
PROVISIONING SERVICE DEFINITION
Define scope to be exposed

BUSINESS OBJECTS QUERIES

Data modelling with CDS

DATA MODELLING & Data modelling with CDS
Behaviour Definition
BEHAVIOUR

Behaviour implementation

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ABAP RESTful Programming Model
Business Services

Entry-point of service implementation

SERVICE BINDING
Expose service protocol specifically
Test / Preview tools

SERVICE Service definition via projection of data and

DEFINITION behaviour

DATA & BEHAVIOUR Universe of Business Objects & analytical

DEFINITION data models and their related business
logic

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ABAP RESTful Programming Model
Business Services
… … Clear dev flow
MAINT_SERVICE SERVICE BINDING
Service entry-point
Viewer
SERVICE BINDING OData V4 Service Overview of related artefacts
Classic SAP GUI transactions ICF: active Eclipse based
Role: not assigned
No clear entry point / dev flow development
OAuth: …
Navigation to service model
NON CDS

CDS
SEGW - RDS SERVICE DEFINITION
Clear responsibilities
SERVICE
Code generation Eclipse based development
DEFINITION REF TO NON CDS Viewer
No generation of artefacts
CDS
CDS
consumption
views

No domain specific support MDE MDE MDE MDE

today future

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 ABAP RESTful Programming Model
Business Objects
CDS data model CDS data model
Business
object viewer
@composition

generate reference
BDL
Behaviour for BO in ABAP
BOPF business object implemented
Outline

Clear development flow

Development flow not intuitive
(CDS and BOPF tooling)
DATA & BEHAVIOUR Generation of artefacts
DEFINITION (BOPF metadata generation based on
CDS artefacts)
Untyped signature
(BOPF consumer and provider API)
(CDS for data modelling with ABAP language extensions for
behaviour)
No redundancy and no generation of artefacts
(clear references on language level)
Typed APIs
(For BO consumer and provider)
➔ The Business Object becomes an ABAP first class citizen
(Known by ABAP compiler, language and tools including static
checks)

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ABAP RESTful Programming Model
Big Picture
SERVICE BINDING
Service Fiori Elements Preview
viewer
SERVICE BINDING
PROTOCOL SPECIFIC

SERVICE DEFINITION PROTOCOL AGNOSTIC

Service Service model CDS editor: Projection views

Definition
viewer
SERVICE
DEFINITION

MDE MDE MDE MDE MDE MDE MDE MDE

BUSINESS OBJECT
Business CDS editor: CDS entities Class editor BO Test-shell
object
DATA & BEHAVIOUR viewer View
DEFINITION entity
Table action,
entity determination,
ABAP validation
entity

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BUSINESS OBJECTS
What is a Business Object (BO)?
BO BEHAVIOUR
CUD,
Actions,
Functions,
Locks,
eTag,
BO STRUCTURE Authorizations,
Feature Control,
Draft
R
2

ROOT
1 3
COMPOSITION BO RUNTIME

INTERACTION PHASE

TX buffer

SAVE SEQUENCE

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Business Object Runtime

BUSINESS
OBJECT
INTERACTION PHASE SAVE SEQUENCE RUNTIME

MODIFY READ LOCK

finalize

create_by_association

read_by_association
check_before_save

execute_function
execute_action adjust_numbers
update

save
create

delete

read

lock
TX buffer

SAP HANA

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Business Objects – Status Overview

INTERACTION SAVE
PHASE SEQUENCE UNMANAGED

finalize
1 Application coding available
(e.g. Purchase Order, Sales Order,…)

check_before_save
MODIFY

adjust_numbers MANAGED
2
READ

LOCK

Green field development

save

(MANAGED WITH) SAVE SELF-IMPLEMENTED

TX buffer 3 Update task function module available
(e.g. Business Partner, Product,..)
SAP HANA

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Business Objects - Unmanaged

INTERACTION SAVE
PHASE SEQUENCE
Application coding
finalize
already available
checkBeforeSave
for interaction phase, transactional buffer and save sequence
MODIFY

adjustNumbers decoupled from UI technology

READ

LOCK

save

APPLICATION CODE
Examples
TX Buffer Sales Order, Purchase Order

Adapter

SAP HANA
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Business Objects – Managed

INTERACTION SAVE
PHASE SEQUENCE

Application coding
finalize
not yet available or fine granular reusable code available
checkBeforeSave
technical implementation aspects taken over by BO
infrastructure
MODIFY

adjustNumbers
READ

LOCK

developer focus on business logic, implemented via

save
determinations, validation, actions,…

MANAGED RUNTIME
Examples
TX Buffer New applications in SAP Cloud Platform ABAP Environment

Business Logic via

determinations, validations
SAP HANA

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Business Objects – Save Unmanaged

INTERACTION SAVE
PHASE SEQUENCE
Application coding
finalize
“update-task function module” available
checkBeforeSave
coding for interaction phase not available
(e.g. highly coupled in older UI technology: DYNP - PBO / PAI)
MODIFY

adjustNumbers
READ

LOCK

technical implementation aspects to be taken over by BO infrastructure

save

Examples
MANAGED RUNTIME
Function module Business Partner, Product
for UPDATE
TX Buffer TASK
SAP HANA

Application code in
determinations / validations / …
SAP HANA

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Business Objects - Roadmap

1 ADT development experience: Business Object onboarding

2 Support for managed BO runtime (with unmanaged save)

3 Business Object Access API

4 Draft, feature control (incl. authorizations)

5 Role-specific service projections

6 Support for managed BO runtime: determinations and validations

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BUSINESS SERVICES
ABAP RESTful Programming Model

SERVICE SAP Fiori UI A2X

CONSUMPTION Consume OData UI services Consume OData A2X services

SERVICE BINDING
BUSINESS Bind the service to OData protocol
SERVICES
PROVISIONING SERVICE DEFINITION
Define scope to be exposed

BUSINESS OBJECTS QUERIES

Data modelling with CDS

DATA MODELLING & Data modelling with CDS
Behaviour Definition
BEHAVIOUR

Behaviour implementation

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Business Services Big Picture– Runtime stack

SAP FIORI SAP FIORI

SAP CLOUD SAP S/4HANA

GATEWAY GATEWAY
PLATFORM CLOUD
ABAP
ENVIRONMENT
SADL SADL

BO Runtime Query BO Runtime Query

MANAGED UNMANAGED MANAGED UNMANAGED A2X UNMANAGED MANAGED

APPL CODE OPEN SQL APPL CODE
MANAGED
APPL CODE OPEN SQL

SAP HANA SAP HANA

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Business Services Big Picture– Design Time stack

ABAP
A2X UI Value help
A2X
A2X A2X
A2X PLATFORM
SERVICE SERVICE UI annotations Release / Whitelisting
SERVICE
SERVICE SERVICE
SERVICE Feature control Versioning
Compatibility check
expose OData V2 / V4
BUSINESS
SERVICE DEFINITION
SERVICE
SERVICES SERVICE MODEL
MODELDEFINITION
DEFINITION
Sort
Filter
Text search
project project
DATA & BOs Queries
BEHAVIOUR BOs
BOs BOs
BOs
Model Behaviour Runtime Model/ Behaviour Runtime
Model
Model Behaviour
Behaviour Runtime
Runtime Model
Model Behaviour
Behaviour Runtime
Runtime
Structure
Managed: SQL
Custom: ABAP queries

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Business Services - Roadmap

1 A2X OData V4 outbound services

2 Versioning, release and compatibility check for A2X OData V2 and OData V4

3 Inbound services for A2X consumption of OData V2 and OData V4

4 SAP Fiori UI OData V4 services

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Thank you.
Contact information:
Product Management Technology Platform, SAP