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FLOWCHART FOR THE PRELIMINARY SEISMIC DESIGN OF A BUILDING USING EUROCODE 8

1 DETERMINE SOIL CLASSIFICATION AT PROPOSED BUILDING SITE

Table 3.1

Ground Type Classiffication - Type A as per Geotechnical report

2 DETERMINE FORM AND LAYOUT OF LATERAL RESISTING SUPER STRUCTURE

Clause 4.2
The proposed building is a two storey RC frame with beams and one-way solid slabs stabilzed by
walls and two cores

3 CHOOSE DUCTILITY CLASS (DC) ie.low,medium & high (DCL,DCM & DCH)

Peak ground accelerations (agR) corresponding to the lower and upper thresholds of different
seismicity ( type A ground) areas are

agR = 0.44 m/s2

1.Very low seismicity

ag = agRx γ1 ≤ [0.39] m/s2

or Clause 3.2
agS= agR x γ1 x S ≤ [0.49] m/s2

1. Low seismicity

0.4≤ ag = agRx γ1 ≤ [0.8] m/s2

or
[0.5]≤ agS= agR x γ1 x S ≤ [1.0] m/s2

where, γ1 is the importance factor 1.5

S is the soil amplification factor (5% damping) 1

In case of very low seismicity ,provisions of EC8 need not be observed.

ag = agR x γ1 = 0.66 m/s2

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ag = agR x γ1 = 0.66 m/s2
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4 DETERMINE BEHAVIOUR FACTOR (q)

q = q0 x kw Clause 5.2.2.2(1)P

where,

q0 is the basic value of behaviour factor = q0 x (αu/α1) Table 5.1 &

3 Clause 5.2.2.2(5)P

kw is the factor reflecting the prevailing failure mode in

1 Clause 5.2.2.2(11)P
structural systems with walls

therefore,
q = 3

5 DETERMINE FUNDAMENTAL PERIOD OF BUILDING USING EMPIRICAL FORMULAE

T1 = Ct x H3/4 Clause 4.3.3.2.2(2)P

Ct is the factor depeds on framing system Clause 4.3.3.2.2(2)P

0.05 & (3)P

H is the height of the building from foundation or from 8.3

the top of a rigid basement in m

T1 = 0.24 sec

6 CHECK THE REGULARITY OF THE BUILDING

Clause 4.2.3
Check that a regular or moderately irregular building configaration has been achieved; the
simlpified procedures may be applied.if irregular attemt to correct.Highly irregular buildings are
beyond the scope.
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7
DETERMINE ELASTIC & DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRAL ACCELERATION CORRESPONDING TO
SOIL TYPE,BUILDING FUNDAMENTAL PERIODT1, IMPORTANCE FACTOR γ1 & BEHAVIOUR
FACTOR q.

If deep geology is not accounted for ,the recommended choice is to use two types of spectra
Type-1 & Type-2.If the earthquakes that contribute most to the seismic hazard defined for the
site for the purpose of probablistic hazard assessment have a surface-wave magnitude
Ms < 5.5,its recommended that Type-2 spectram is adopted.

1.Elastic Response Spectra

GROUND TYPE S TB(S) TC(S) TD(S)

Table 3.2 &
A 1 0.05 0.25 1.2 Table 3.3

0 < T < TB : SE(T) = ag x S x (1 + T/TBx (η x 2.5 - 1)

TB < T < TC : SE(T) = ag x S x η x 2.5 Clause 3.2.2.2

TC < T < TD : SE(T) = ag x S x η x 2.5 x TC/T

TD < T < 4s : SE(T) = ag x S x η x 2.5 x (TC x TD/T2)

0.18
0.16
0.14 Elastic Response Spectra
0.12
Acceleration Se (T) /g

0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.00
0 1 2 3 4 5
Period T (s)
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T Se(T) / g
0 0.07
0.05 0.17
0.25 0.17
0.4 0.11
0.5 0.08
0.6 0.07
0.7 0.06
0.8 0.05
0.9 0.05
1 0.04
1.1 0.04
1.2 0.04
1.3 0.03
1.4 0.03
1.5 0.02
1.6 0.02
1.7 0.02
1.8 0.02
1.9 0.01
2 0.01
2.1 0.01
2.2 0.01
2.3 0.01
2.4 0.01
2.5 0.01
3 0.01
3.5 0.00
4 0.00

η is the damping correction factor (5% damping) 1

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2.Design Response Spectra

GROUND TYPE S TB(S) TC(S) TD(S)

A 1 0.05 0.25 1.2

0 < T < TB : SE(T) = ag x S x (2/3 + T/TBx (2.5/q - 2/3))

TB < T < TC : SE(T) = ag x S x 2.5/q Clause 3.2.2.5

TC < T < TD : SE(T) = ag x S x 2.5/q x ( TC/T )

TD < T < 4s : SE(T) = ag x S x 2.5/q x (TC x TD/T2)

0.060

0.050
Acceleration Se (T) /g

0.040

0.030

0.020

0.010

0.000
0 25 .5 75 1 25 .5
0. 0 0 . 1. 1

Period T (s)
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T Se(T) / g
0 0.045
0.05 0.056
0.1 0.056
0.15 0.056
0.2 0.056
0.25 0.056
0.4 0.035
0.5 0.028
0.6 0.023
0.7 0.020
0.8 0.018
0.9 0.016
1 0.014
1.1 0.013
1.2 0.013

β is the lower bound factor for the horizontal design spectram 0.2
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3.Elastic Displacement Response Spectra

SDE (T) = Se (T) x (T/2π)2 Clause 3.2.2.2(5P)

T Sdisp (T)
0 0.000
0.05 0.0001
0.25 0.003
0.4 0.004
0.5 0.005
0.6 0.006
0.7 0.007
0.8 0.008
0.9 0.009
1 0.010
1.2 0.01
1.4 0.01
1.6 0.01
1.8 0.01
2 0.01

0.014

0.012

0.010
Displacement Sde (m)

0.008
Elastic Displacement Spectra
0.006

0.004

0.002

0.000
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2
Period T (s)
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7
CARRYOUT AN ANALYSIS FOR THE SEISMIC DESIGN SITUATION.THE ANALYSIS METHOD MUST
BE APPROPRIATE FOR THE BUILDING.

METHOD OF ANALYSIS

EQUIVALENT LINEAR with use of q

REGULAR IN ELEVATION
&
T1 < 4TC & 2 sec

NO YES

MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS LATERAL FORCE METHOD

DESIGN OF ELEMENTS

RE-SIZE ELEMENTS RE-SIZE ELEMENTS

NO SAFE NO

YES

CHECK THE DEFELECTIONS

CHECK THE DETAILING OF REINFORCEMENTS

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CHECK THE DETAILING OF REINFORCEMENTS