~T 1.001P We don't have the solution to this problem yet. Get help from a Chegg subject expert. Ask an expert[ 7 Step 1 of 1 1.002P Use conversion factor to convert density from “ to Mp/m' I slug = 14.594 kg [ft = 0.3048 m Calculate density of wood in SI units slug kg I ft 47 14,594—*> || -_____ pe -( vr wy 8) ostay m = (242.296 kg/m’ as 300 vs) B = 2.4223Mg/m? Therefore, density of wood in SI units is ]2,4223 Mg/m? .Step 1 of 3 fa) Given data is ‘ay Ls Ik=10" and ueio* 3 Therefore, AN = 19 x bis = «105 6 =107 5 JON 3 _ 10° g iN Gh [since 10° = 1G (Giga) ] hus 3 Step 2 of 3 b) Given data 1 Mg mN IM=10° and Im =10 Mg 10%g Therefore, —= =—>— me aN 10M Step 3 of 3 MN tc Given daia is , (ke: ms) IM = 108 and Im = 107 6 Therefore, _MN ON (kg-ms) ikg-107s _10N 10*kg-s [since 10° =1G (Giga) | “| 1.003PStep 1 of 4 a) Convert into SI units. ms 19 BS 192 KO ms ms s m km = j— 5 Therefore, in Si units is ie ms Step 2 of 4 b) Convert km into SI units. m 0° A x10! St pkm = pkmx1 =Imm Therefore, km in SI units is [Ime] - Step 3 of 4 c) Convert © into si units mg KL x10 S x10 TExto £ mg mg 8 kg kg Therefore, As in SI units is 1 Ss . mg kg Step 4 of 4 d) Convert km.yN into SI units. N mm km-pN = km-pNx10? x 10% —x190 22 me yl m-pN x ln N* y =Iimm-N gmm s Gs s x10 m Therefore, km.yN in SI units is Imm-N] . “| 1.004PStep 1 of 3 “| 1.005P ta) Given data is 0.0004 31ke 0.00043 Ikg = 0.431% 107kg = 0431x107 x10 [since k=10] = 0431x107" 2 0.00043ikg = 0.431g Step 2 of 3 tb) Given data is 35.3(10°)N 35.3(10°) = 35. 3x1 00 (10 =e} =35.3kN 35.3(10° ) = 35.3 Step 3 of 3 (c) Given data is 0.00532km 0.00532km = 5.32x107km =5.32x107x10%m [since k = 10? | = 5.32x107?m 0.00532km = 5.32m“| Step 1 of 1 1.006P Speed of car p= 55 > But 1 mi =1.6093 km 55 mi =88.514 km yasesia bh #8.514x10° m yoo sss 60x60 3 y= 24.597 & 3Step 1 of 2 Convert N/m? 10 Ibyft?- 0.2248! IN/m? = (Nim?) ——N- (2284) m = 0,02089 Ib/ft? Therefore, conversion of N/yp? is|0.02089 Ib/ft? Step 2 of 2 Convert units of atmospheric pressure from jp/jn? to Pa. 4agh Pq = (14.7 Ibvin? }] ———1b__ (oo2s4) in =101348N/m? =101348Pa Therefore, atmospheric pressure in Pa is|101348 Pal. “| 1.007PStep 1 of 1 Specific weight of brass y¥— 520 = 1 ib =4.4482 N 1 f= 0.3048 m 44482 y= 520 x———_, (0.2048) m y= 81685.084 x m But p(Density) = z 3 _ 81685 084 981 p= 8326.716 ke m1 p=s3a7 Me mm 1.008P[ 7 Step 1 of 5 1.009P Given data is m= 250(10°) slugs Step 2 of 5 fa 1slug = 14 59kg in ST units Therefore, 250 x10? slugs = 25010? x14. 59kg = 3647500 kg = 364 7500x107 g [since tk=10? | = 3.647500 «108 «10? 2 = 3.6475 x10 g = 2.647508 [since 10° =16] The answer should be in three significant figures. Therefore, the fourth digit is “7” which is greater then ‘5’. Then the preceding number should be rounded up iae= 3.65 Gg Step 3 of 5 (b) Weight, W = mg Where, g is the acceleration due to gravity = 3.8m s mis the mass W=mg 9.81Gg-m W = 3.647500x 3 s - 27197 Mig [1G =10° = 10° x10? = Mk] s = 35.781975MN [ps mel s The answer should be in three significant figures. The fourth digit is ‘8’ which is greater then ‘5’. Therefore the preceding number should be rounded up. W =35.8MN Step 4 of 5 tc) Given g, = 5.30 fils? tft = 0.3048m Therefore, 4 = 5.3% 2 2048m s 1.61544m = L0biem 8 W=mg = 3.6475Gg x1.61544mis =5.8923174 92 ™ $ =5,8923174 kam s W = 5,8923174 MN The fourth digit is ‘2’ less then “5°, Therefore the answer becomes |W = 5.8923174 MN Step 5 of 5 @ The mass is an independent quantity wherever it is, on the moon (or) on the earth; it is constant in all regions. Therefore, =m, = 3.65 GgStep 1 of 1 a) Express the given units into appropriate SI units. Convert the term Mm to m. 0.631Mm _ 0.631Mm | 10° m (8.60kg) (8.60kg)) | Mm _ 631000m 73.96kg° 8531.638m_— 1km =—<——_ x kg? 10°'m =8.531km/kg” [-1Mm = 10° m] b) Express the given units into appropriate SI units. (35mm)* (48kg)° Convert mm to m. 2 (35mm)* (48kg)° - (35mm az = } (48kg)° =(1.225x107)m?(110592)kg" =135.475m? -kg* “| 1.010P [:-im =10° mm]Step 1 of 3 “| 1.011P . . (45tem } fa) Given data is 354mg —~——_—__ (0.0356KN} _ 354x107 g x45x 10m ~ 0.035610 = 447,47191 2 W = 044747191 8_™ N The answer should be in three significant numbers. Therefore, the fourth digit is ‘4 which ts less then “5’. So that the answer ig 0.447 Nt Step 2 of 3 tb) Given that (0.00453Mg}(201ms ) = 0.00453x10?kg x 201x107 = 0.00453x 201 kg-s =0.91053 kg-s The fourth digit 1 *5’ & the preceding number is ‘0’ which is odd number. Therefore, the Step 3 of 3 435MM 43510°H © SEMIN, oe 232mm 23.2x10°m _ 435. gooa N 32m = 433 ee N 232. m 435MN _1g.75 SN [since 10° =16] 23.2mm m Fourth digit is ‘5’ & preceding number is ‘7’ which is odd therefore, the answer is 1ggSh~T 1.012P We don't have the solution to this problem yet. Get help from a Chegg subject expert. Ask an expertStep 1 of 3 “| 1.013P ta) Given data is 201b- ft 20 sett = 20 tof SEZ) (OSE 1lb 1f = 20x4.448x 0.3048 Nem = 27.115008 N-m The fourth digit is °1° which is less then “5°. Therefore, the answer is 27.1N-m Step 2 of 3 tb) Given data is 450 ib Ib lb (4448 1? 450 = 450 x} ——"= |x it 2 Ub ) ars] _ 450x4.448 (0.3048) m° = 70685.8369 m Ib kN 450 —y = 70.6858369 e m The fourth digit is “8” greater then “5°. So that the answer is [70.7 — m Step 3 of 3 © Given data is = Th= 3600s 15% 158 _(0.3048m lv =x x h x iy 3600s _15%0,3048 m_ 3600s = 0.001272 8 = 0.00127x10- == [since 1m=10?mm | s =1.27x107x19? 22 3 15ft _ 97mm h[ 7 Step 1 0f3 1.014P a) Evaluate (430 kg) to base units and perform the indicated operations and then choose an appropriate prefix. 2 (430 kg)’ = 430 kex 8 e| =(430« 107 Mg). =(4 30107)" Mg? = 0.185 Mg? Therefore, the term (430 kg)" can be expressed as |0,185 Mg’. Step 2 of 3 b) Evaluate (0.002 mg) to base units and perform the indicated operations and then choose an appropriate prefix. (0.002 mg) =| | 0.002 mg x 1028 Img = (0.00210? yg)’ = 4 ug? Therefore, the term (0,002 mgy can be expressed as [4 7] Step 3 of 3 c) Evaluate (230 my to base units and perform the indicated operations and then choose an appropriate prefix. (230 m)’ =| 230 mx—tk™ 10°m =(230%10° km)’ =(230%107)' km? = 0.0122 km’ Therefore, the term (230 m) can be expressed a5/q 122 km*}-Step 1 of 6 “| 1.015P ta) Given data, W= 20 mit W = 20x10°N We know that, #2 = w & Where gis acceleration dueto gravity g=9.81imiés* Step 2 of 6 ms & _ 20x10° N 9.8lmis* = 0,002038kg [sate 3) The fourth digit is ‘O’which is less than'5’ therefore, answer should be = 0.002 ke Step 3 of 6 (b) Given that, W=150 kN W =150x10 N Ww We know that, »# = — g Where g is acceleration due to gravity g=9.81 mis? Step 4 of 6 m= — g 150x103 N ~981mis [: Nake 5 = 15.29051988x 10? ke = 15.29051988x10% g = 15.29051988 Mg The fourth digit is “9° greater then ‘5’ therefore, the answer should be round up Step 5 of 6 (c) Given that, W=60 MN W =60x10° N w We know that, 7 = — @ Where g is acceleration due to gravity g = 9.81 m/s? Step 6 of 6 Ww moe sox N th - oBlmis? [v= 5] = 6.116207951x10° kg = 6,116207951x10° g = 6.116207951 Gg The fourth digit is ‘6’ preater then ‘5’. Therefore, answer should be round up m= 6.12 GgStep 1 of 3 @ 10 kg 1kg=9.81N 10x9.81N 10 kg=98.1N Step 2 of 3 tb) Step 3 of 3 O5¢ 05x10? kg O5x107 x9 81 4.905x107 N 0.5 2=4.90 my (©) 45Mg =4.5*10 kg = 45x10? x9.81N =44145N = 44.145 kN 45Mg=44 1 kN “| 1.016PStep 1 of 1 “| 1.017P Mass of an object m =40 slugs 1 slug = 14.5938 kg 40 slugs = 583.752 kgStep 1 of 4 “| 1.018P Given datais F = gh r Where, * = force of gravitation between two particles in G= universal constant of gravitation 3 = 6673x108 = kas i, 7, = Mass of each cf the twe particles inkg y= distance between the two particles in m Step 2 of 4 raga : IN= al 8 Therefore which shows that the equation is a dimensionally homogeneous? Step 3 of 4 Given data mm, = 200 kg 7, = 200 ke Radius of each ball is 300mm Therefore the distance between the two balls, r = 600 mm = 600*107m Step 4 of 4 The gravitational force between two particles, F = Gam r “1200x200 = 66.73x10 Ba (600x107) = 0.0000074 IN =7.41«10°N F=741N [-s w= 10%]Step 1 of 1 Given data Density of water, te) = a Islug =14.59kg and It = 0.3048m swe | 14.59kg 197 e=194 al | a [isle | | (03048) _ 1.94>14.59 kg (0.3048) m* = 999.5675 88 m = 0.999ss7sx10? x10? & tm = 0.99955/5-8 [m= 10°] “| 1.019P The fourth digit is ‘5° & the preceding value is “9° this is the odd number. Therefore, the answer should be round up Then, p=1.00 M8 mStep 1 of 4 “| 1.020P Solution: Mass of particle “1” a, =8kg Mass of particle “2° »m, =lakg Distance d = 800mm @d=0.8m Step 2 of 4 . Cae, 2, Force of gravity acting between them * = n i Where G= 66.73x10% = 3 Re 66,7310" «8x12 (0.8) F=1.00095x 107 N 7 =10nN] Step 3 of 4 Weight of particle ‘1’ W=mg W=8x9.81 W,=78.48 Wo 78.48 F 10x10” an 7 gaa xt? F Step 4 of 4 Weight of particle ‘2° W, = ityg W, =12x9.81 W,=117.72N W, 117.72 F 10x10°[ 1 Step 1 of § 1.021P a) Calculate the mass of man in slugs. We=mg Here, mass of man is #t , acceleration due to gravity on earth is g and weight of man on earth is W. Substitute 155 1b for W and 32.2 ft/s? forg. 155 =mx 32.2 m= 481 slugs Therefore, the mass of man in slugs is Step 2 of 5 b) Write the conversion factor to convert mass from slugs to kilograms. I slug =14.59 kg Convert the mass of man from 4.81 slugs to kilograms. m=4.81 slugs = 4.81x14,59 kg =70.2kg Therefore, the mass of man in kilograms is|70,2 kg] - Step 3 of 5 cy Calculate the weight of man on earth in newtons. We=mg Here, mass of manis wr, acceleration due to gravity on earth is g and weight of man on earth is W. Substitute 70,2 kg form and 9,81 m/s? for g. W =70,2x9.81 = 688.66 N Therefore, the weight of man on earth in newtons is Step 4 0f 5 (4) Calculate the weight of man on moon in pounds. We=mg Here, mass of man is wr , acceleration due to gravity on earth is g and weight of man on earth is W . Substitute 4.81 slugs form and §,3 f/s’ for g. W =4.81x 32,2 = 25.493 Ib Therefore, the weight of man on moon in pounds is Step 5 of 5 (e) Calculate the mass of man on moon in kilograms. m=m Here, mass of man on earth is mz and mass of man on moon is m, Substitute 70.2 kg form. m, = 70.2 kg Therefore, the mass of man on moon in newtons is]70,2 kg}.[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.001P Apply parallelogram law and represent the direction and magnitude of the resultant force acting on the system. Step 2 of 4 Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force using the equation, Fy =F? + Fe -25,F,cos LOAB Substitute 250 Ib for F , 375 Ib for F, , and (45° +30°) for OAB Fy = 250? +375? - 2x 250x375 cos(45° + 30°) = 4203125 — 48528.57 = 393.19 tb Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant force is : Step 3 of 4 Calculate the angle @ using the following relations: O+a+45° =90° @=90°-45°-9 =45°-6 Here, @ is the inclination of the resultant force measured clockwise from the positive x axis. Apply sine rule to the triangle OAB. 4B Fe sing sin(45°+30°) A Fa sing sin 75° Substitute 250 Ib for Fj , 393.19 lb for Fp , and (45° - 0) for@. 250 _ 393.19 sin(45°-@) sin 75° in75° sin(45°-6)= 250xsin 75 393.19 45°-@ =sin™' (0.6142) =37.89° 0 = 45°-37.89° =7.11° Step 4 of 4 Calculate the inclination of the resultant force measured counterclockwise from the positive x axis. $+ = 360° Substitute 7,.11° for @. $+7.11°=360° $= 352.89° Therefore, the inclination of the resultant force measured counterclockwise from the positive x axis iss | Step 1 of 4 2.01FP Draw the force triangle diagram: Step 2 of 4 From the geometry of the diagram, find the angle @ . @=180°-(60°+ 4) =(120°- 8) Here, @ is the direction of the resultant force with x-axis. From the geometry of the diagram, find the angle 7 . 7 =180° -(45°+60°+ @) Substitute (120°-@) for a . 7 =180°—(105° +120°-8) =180°-(225°-8) =(@-45°) Step 3 of 4 Use cosine rule to find the resultant magnitude of the forces. (0By =(OA) +(AB)’ -2(OA)(AB)cos(45 +60)° (0B) =(OA) +(4B)° -2(04)( 4B) cos105° Here, OA is magnitude of force vector of 6 KN, AB is magnitude of force vector of 2 KN and OB is magnitude of resultant force. Substitute OB for F, , 6 KN for OA and 2 KN for AB. F,? = 6° +2? -2(6)(2)cos105° Fy = ¥36+4—24c0s108° = ¥46.21165 = 6.8 kN Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant force due to external forces is [6.80 kN] - Step 4 of 4 Use sin rule to find the direction of the resultant force with x-axis. R22 sinl0S° — sin(120°-@) 6.79799 2 sinl0S° sin(120°-6) 2 sin(120°-@) sin(120°-9)=—> 7.0377 sin (120° -@) = 0.28418 7.0377 = Further simplify the above equation (120°-@) = sin" (0.28418) 120°- @=16.51° 8=120°-16.51° 8 =103.49° Therefore, the direction of the resultant force with x-axis is .[ 1 Step 1 of 6 2.002P Sketch the forces acting on the angle section as follows: a F=450N 8=60° 15° 700 N Step 2 of 6 Construct the parallelogram as follows: +» Consider the xy coordinate system with O as origin. + Represent the force F passing through O making an angle of 69° with the positive x-axis in counter clockwise direction. + Represent the force 700 N passing through © making an angle of |§° with the negative x-axis in counter clockwise direction. + From the head of force F, draw a line parallel to the force 700 N. + From the head of force 700 N, draw a line parallel to the force F. + Mark the intersection point of the above two lines as A. +» The resultant force is represented by the diagonal OA of the parallelogram. Step 3 of 6 Represent the resultant force using the Parallelogram law of addition. B’700N Step 4 of 6 Consider the vector triangle as follows: Step 5 of 6 Calculate the resultant force by applying the law of cosines to the vector triangle. OA = AB* + OB? -2x ABx OB xcos ZABO Substitute Fp for OA , 450 N for AB, 700 N for OB, and 45° for ZABO in the above equation. F, = 4450" +7007 - 2x 450 700 xcos 45° = ¥692500- 445477.2721 = ¥242022.7279 =497.01N Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant force is [497.01 N] - Step 6 of 6 Apply the sine rule to the vector triangle. sin £ABO _ sin ZAOB OA —s AB Substitute 45° for ZABO . 497.01 N for OA, (15°+a) for ZAOB , and 450 N for AB sin45° _sin(15°+@) 497.01 450 15°+a=sin™" 450 xsin 45° 497.01 @ =39,.81°-15° =24.81° Calculate the inclination of resultant force with the positive x-axis in counter clockwise direction as follows: $= 180°-a Substitute 24.81° for @ inthe above equation. $= 180°-24.81° =155.19° Therefore, the inclination of resultant force with the positive x-axis in counter clockwise direction isStep 1 of 5 Figure representing force triangle. Step 2 of 5 From figure we have, 180° = 140° + 7 +70°-8 0=7+30° y =180°-(140° + 70°-) =180°-(210°-6) y=0-30° Step 3 of 5 Apply cosine rule and obtain relation for Fp (Fe) =(FY (AY -2(F)(A eos 140" Substitute, $00 N for F, and 200 N for F; F,2 =(500)" +(200)° - 2(500)(200)cos 140° = 443208.8886 Fy = ¥443208.8886 = 665.7393 The magnitude of resultant force (Fe) is [666 N]- Step 4 of 5 Apply sine rule and calculate angle 7 . F, _ 500 sinl40° siny Substitute, 666 N for Fp 666 500 sinl40° siny siny = Sy xsin( 140°) = 0.4826 y =sin"' (0.4826) = 28,85° Step 5 of 5 Calculate angle g. O=y7+30° = 28,85° +30° =58.85° Therefore, the resultant force (Fr) is acting at an angle . “| 2.02FP[ 1 Step 1 of 3 2.003P Draw the free body diagram of the section to use parallelogram law. 90°+15° =105° 700N )> Step 2 of 3 Apply the law of cosines to the given system of forces. F = ¥500" + 700? — 2x 500 700cos 15° =959.78N Draw the figure representing the forces in the triangle rule. 700 105° 500 N 90-6 Step 3 of 3 Apply the sine rule to calculate the angle @ sin(90-4) _ sin 105° 700 F Substitute 9§9,78 N for F . sin(90- 6) _ sin 105° 700 959.78 sin (90 - 4) = 0.70448 90-6 = 44.78 9=45,2° Therefore, the force and angle are |959.86 N| ands | Step 1 of 3 2.03FP Force triangle Step 2 0f3 By cosine rule (0B) =(04)’ +(.48)" - 2(0.4)(.AB) cos 60° R? = (800)’ + (600)° — 2 (800) (600) cos 60° B? = 520000 B= 520000 R=721.110N Step 3 of 3 By sine rule R600 sin 60° sin(90°-8) F21.11_ 600 sin 60° sin(90°—8) 600xsin 60° 724.11 sin(90°- 8) = 0.72058 90°- = sin™ (0.72058) 90°- 8= 46, 1023° 8 = 90°46, 10239 9=43.8977° Counter clockwise direction from positive x-axis. sin (90°- 8) =[ 1 Step 1 of 3 2.004P Draw the resultant of two forces F, and F, by using parallelogram law as shown below: 360-2(70-30+45) 2 Step 2 of 3 Calculate the magnitude of Resultant force by using the following equation 1 360° -2(70°- 30° + 45°) F, =F + Fy’ -2FF, cos 3 Here magnitudes of forces are Fi. F, and magnitude of the resultant force is F, Substitute, 300 N for F,, 500 N for F, 360°- 2(70°-30°+ 45° F, = ,{(300)' +(500)° + [pentose AAI 2 = ¥340000+ 26146,72 = ¥366146.72 =605.10N Therefore the magnitude of the resultant F, is |605.10N Apply sine rule for the above diagram, sin [360°-2(70-30+45)] sing _ 2 x Fy 360° - 2(70°- ° sin L (70°-30° + 45°)] 2 sina = F, Fr, Substitute, 605.1 N for F,, 500 N for F, . [Herat 30° al siaQ|_.°,Q]_]$Jo7YTYTYTT 2 sin & = 500—_2H_—_—_______= 605.1 sina = 0.823 a=55.4 Step 3 of 3 Calculate the angle between the resultant force and the w-axis. 6=a 430° =55.4°+30° =85.4° (Clock wise) Therefore, the angle between the resultant force and the u-axis, (@) is|85.4° .Step 1 of 4 Step 2 of 4 Step 3 of 4 By sine rule RR w sin45° sin 30° sin 105° x _ 30 sin45° sin 105° _ 30xsin 45° “~~ sin105° A, = 21.9615 lb F, =221b Step 4 of 4 Fk _ 30 sin30° sin 105° _ 30xsin 30° ~~ sin 105° F, =15.52911b Fo =15.5 lb “| 2.04FPStep 1 of 5 Solution: A =300N F, =500 N Step 2 of 5 70? 4g° F=500N ¥ Step 3 of 5 Step 4 of 5 Component of # along u— axis (, g sin(70-30°) sin (180-70°) # xsin (70 - 30° (7), = Sxsin 0-30") sin (180-70) sin 40° sin110 (4), = 205.2 Ny (A), = 300x Step 5 of 5 Component of # along v— axis (A), A = sin (30°) sin(180-70) sin 30 FB) =x (A), = Axo in 30 FB). = 300 x 28 (A), sin 110 (F), = 159.63 N “| 2.005PStep 1 of 3 Force triangle Step 2 0f3 By since rule Fy, _ 450 Fy _ _450 sinl05° sin 30° _ 450sin 105° sin 30° Fyy = 869.3332 Ib Fy, = 869 Ib Step 3 of 3 Myo _ 450 sin 45° sin 30° Fyn Ac sin 30° yg = 636.3961 F,. = 636 1b 450x sin 45° “| 2.05FP“| Step 1 of 5 2.006P 70% “a 30° am F,-300N F=500N ¥ Step 2 of 5 Given that, A =300N F,=500 N Let (A), and (4), are the force components of F, along u and v axes respectively Step 3 of 5 Force triangle for F, Step 4 of 5 B, &, By sine rule, Ae ( ae = (A), sin70° sin45® sin 65° From = = Lf), sin70° sin 45° in AS? (F,), = &, xsin 45 . sin 70° 500x sin 45° #) = (Fa). 08 (A), = 376.2436 0 .. The force component of Falong wu axis is |( A), = 376.24 NI Step 50f5 &, From —4— 4, =F, ae sin70° sin 65° F, xsin 65° BR) = 2x80 698 (A), sin 70° (A), = 500x sin 65° an sin70° (A), = 482.2363 N .. The force component of F,along v axis is |(F,), = 482.24 NStep 1 of 3 Force triangle Step 2 of 3 Given #,=6kN By since rule FA, & a ¥ sin30° sin105° sin 45° F E, =“ sin 30° sin 105° _ 6xsin 30° sin 105° F = 3.1058 kN 3.11 kN Step 3 of 3 &, “ - 4 sin 105° sin 45° _ 6xsin 45° sin 105° F, = 4.3923 kN “| 2.06FP[ 1 Step 1 of 5 2.007P Given that, Vertical force acts at A, F =500N Let Fy, and #,, are the two components of F directed along the axis of AB and AC respectively Step 2 of 5 Step 3 of 5 Force triangle: Step 4 of 5 By using sine rule, Ae _ fe _ * sin60° sind5° sin 75° From (1) we have —— (0) Ey _ F sin60° sin 75° Fy _ 500 sin60° sin 75° _ 500xsin 60° ae sin 5? Fy, = 448.29 N Force along AB is |¥', = 448.29 N Step 5 of 5 Also we have from (1) Ayo _ F sin 45° sin 75° Fyy _ 500 sin45° sin 75° 500 xsin 45° sin 75° Fug = 366.02 N Force along AC is |, = 366.02 N Ayo =Step 1 of 6 “| 2.07FP Step 2 of 6 For #: x— Component of the force, y¥ Component of the force, |My, = 300 N Step 3 of 6 For Fy: x— Component of the force, #,, =—F,cos 45° Fi, =—450c0s 45° #&,, =-318.198 N = -318N Step 4 of 6 y¥— Component of the force, Fi, = Fysin 45° = 450 sin 45° Fy, = 318.198 N F,, = 318 Step 5 of 6 For &: x— Component of the force, Step 6 of 6 y— Component of the force, 4 Ry = x3 = 600x% 5 iF, = 480 NStep 1 of 5 Given that, Vertical force acts at A, F = 350 lb “| 2.008P Let Fy, and #4, are the two components of directed along the axis of AB and AC respectively Step 2 of 5 Step 3 of 5 Force triangle: Step 4 of 5 By using sine rule, Ae _ fe _ * sin60° sind5° sin 75° From (1) we have Ey _ F sin60° sin 75° Fy _ 350 sin60° sin 75° _ 350xsin 60° ae sin 5? Fy, = 313.8 1b Force along AB is |F,, = 313.8 Ib Step 5 of 5 Also we have from (1) Ayo _ F sin45° sin 75° Fy, _ 350 sin 45° sin 75° 350 xsin 45° sin 75° Fug = 256.22 Ib Force along AC is |F'y, = 256.22 Ib Ayo = —— (0)Step 1 of 8 “| 2.08FP K = 40006 Step 2 of 8 For #: The x—component of the force, A, = 300 N The y—component of the force, A, =0 Step 3 of 8 For F,: The x— component of the force, H, = FH cos 30° = 400 cos 30° #, =346.4101N The y—component of the force, 7, = F, sin 30° = 400 sin 30° By = 200 N Step 4 of 8 For &: The x- component of the force, 8,=-Rx(5] Fy = ~250 (4) 2, =-200N Step 5 of 8 The y—component of the force, som 8, =250%{2] Ry =150 Step 6 of 8 The x— component of the total resultant force 2, R= By + Py t By R, = 300 +346.4101- 200 R, = 446.4101N The y—component of the total resultant force 8, R,-4, +h, t+&, R, = 0+200+150 &, =350N Step 7 of 8 The magnitude of the total resultant force Ray +(R)F R= (446.4101) +(350P R=567.058 N Step 8 of 8 Angle made by the resultant, tand= 4 350 446.4101 = tan” (0.784)Step 1 of 4 A Step 2 of 4 Draw the triangle by triangular law of force Step 3 of 4 By using sine rule A. _ A sin 105° sin 45° sin 30° 250i, & ainlos? sin 45° sin30° From i - 250 sin45° sin 105° _ 250 sin 45° sin 105° F, =183.01N mR Step 4 of 4 By sine rule x _ 250 sin30° sin105° _ 250xsin 30° sin 105° #,=12941N F=104N “| 2.009PStep 1 of 9 “| 2.09FP 6001b 4001b 700lb 3° Step 2 of 9 For & =400 Ib The x—component of the force, #, =0 The y—component of the force, A, =—400 Ib Step 3 of 9 For £, =700 lb The x— component of the force, &, =—F, cos 30° = -700ces 30° #, =-606,218 N The y— component of the force, A, = —F, sin 30° = —700sin 30° #, =-350N Step 4 of 9 For # = 600 Ib The x—component of the force, ae 5 3 &, = 60ox{2) #, = 360N Step 5 of 9 The y—component of the force, 4 a,=-8:(5) 4 A= -s00x( =) &, =-480 N Step 6 of 9 The x— component of the total resultant force 2, R= Fy + Fat By R, = 9- 606.218 + 360 R, = —246.218N The y—component of the total resultant force 2, R,-4, +h, t+&, R, =—400 - 350— 480 R, =~-1230 N Step 7 of 9 The magnitude of the total resultant force R= (RY (8) R= {-246.218)7 +(-1230) R= 125440) Step 8 of 9 Angle made by the resultant, tan d= 4% -; -1230 ~246.218 = tan“ (4.99557) = 78.68° O=78.68° Step 9 of 9 Angle made with positive x-axis, $= 180°+ 8 $= 180°+78.68° 58. 68°Step 1 of 4 A, Step 2 of 4 Step 3 of 4 By sine rule FA___f___ sin7§° sin 75° sin 30° From 4, = fi, sin75* sin 75° _ &xsin 75° sin 75° Step 4 of 4 From f, = & sin 75° sin 30° 150 OF sin 75° sin 30° Be 150% sin 30 sin 75° F=77.6457 F=TI6N “| 2.010Ps | Step 1 of 8 2.10FP Step 2 of 8 Given that, the resultant force acting on the bracket A= 750 N directed along the positive * ais We know that R= fei +R? But 2, =0 750 = JR7+R? _R,=750N Step 3 of8 We know that, 8, =7,+4, +8, ----- (1) R= Eat Eat 8, —® Step 4of8 The x component of the force F, F, =F cos? The x component of the force A, #, = A cos45° F, = 600 cos 45° #, = 424.26 N The x component of the force Fj, R= F, (3) 13 5 Fat 2253) Fy=125N Step 5 of 8 They component of the force #, A, =F sin@ The y component of the force A, #,, =—A sin 45° F,, =-600 sin 45° #, =-424.26N The » component of the force F, Fy = A (2) 13 12 Fy = 325 (?) F,, = 300N Step 6 of 8 From equation (1) 750 = 424.26+125+F cos8 Foos@=200 74 422 wee @ From equation (2) 0 =-424.26+ 300+ F sind FsinO=124.26 0 }:}:£2 2 mene (4) Step 7 of 8 From”). tan = 12426 @) 200.74 tan =0.619 8 = 31.769 Step 8 of 8 From equation (3) F cos 31.76° = 200.74 _ 200.74 cos 31.76° F = 236.09 NStep 1 of 4 “| 2.011P Solution: F=201b Step 2 of 4 @=180 - 60-80 a=40° Step 3 of 4 Find the component of F alonga-a@ FOR sin40° sin 80° sin 80° sin 40° i, = 30.64 Ib F,=20x Step 4 of 4 Component of “F” along b-} Fs sin40° sin 60° sin 60° sin 40° 26.94 Ib #,= 20x F,» | Step 1 of 8 2.11FP Step 2 of 8 Given that, The magnitude of the resultant force acting on the bracket is to be 80 lb directed along the u axis . R=801b From the figure angle made by the resultant, 4, =45° Step 3 of 8 The x component of the resultant force, R, =A, +%, +h, (1) The » component of the resultant force, R, = A, +4, +H, (2) But R, = Reos 45° = 80cos45° = 56.57 Ib R,=—Rsin 45° = —80sin 45° = —56.57 1b Step 4 of & The x component of the force #7, #, = Fcos@ The y component of the force F, #, = F sind The x component of the force A, #, = A cos0° = 50cos0° Fy, =50lb The y component of the force H, #, = Asin 0° A =0 Step 5 of8 The x component of the force Fy, Fy =-% (2) = -so(3) 5 F,=-54 1b The y component of the force F,, B,=-% (2) 4 =-90) — () Fy = -72 tb Step 6 of 8 From equation (1) 56.57 = Fcos8 +50 — 54 F cos 8 = 60,57 ------ (3) From equation (2) 56.57 = F sin 8+0-72 # sin 8 = 15.43 w= (4) Step 7 of 8 4 From”) tan g = 1543 63) 60.57 tan 8 = 0.25476 Step 8 of 8 From equation (3) & cos 14.3° = 60.57 _ 60.57 ~ cos14.3° 62.5 lbStep 1 of 4 Solution: F, = 30 Ib Step 2 of 4 Step 3 of 4 First finding force “F” FF, sin40° sin 80° Fz 30x00 sin 80° F =19.58 lb Step 4 of 4 60" Finding the component of Force along F, A _ sin60° sin 80° R= 39x 810 60° ° sin 80° Fi, = 26.38 lb ~T 2.012P» | Step 1 of 7 2.12FP Step 2 of 7 The x component of the force A, 2, =A (2) By= 5(2) 5 F,=12kN The » component of the force #, By, =-4 (2) 3 Fy --13(2) Fy =-9 kT Step 3 of 7 The x component of the force #,, B. =9 The y component of the force 7), K, =, Fy = 20 kN Step 4 of7 The x component of the forceeR, A,=% (<) 5 4 F=15 (5) F,=12kN 3 The y component of the force %, Ay,=%, (2) 3 By s(2) Fy = 9 KT Step 5 of 7 Let & be the total resultant force. The x component of the resultant force, A,= Ay + Ay t+ hy R, = 1240412 R, = 24 kN The y component of the resultant force, A, = + 4.4 Ky Ry =-9+204+9 Ry =20kN Step 6 of 7 The magnitude of the resultant force, R= JP + Rf R= 24 +20 Step 7 of 7 Rg Angle made by the resultant force, tan? = —* BR ” tan 8 = 0.8333Step 1 of 4 Figure representing the force acting on the angle section B Step 2 of 4 Figure representing the parallelogram law of addition y Step 3 of 4 Figure for the triangular rule Step 4 of 4 Calculate the resultant force using the following relation: 5 -JEe 4+ Fy? — 2% Fy X Bo X08 105° Substitute 650 Ib for F,, and 500 Ib for Fy, Fy = V650" +5007 — 2x 650x500 xcos105° = ¥840732.3793 =9169N Use the law of sines to calculate the angle 6 sinl05° sing F500 sinl05° sing 9169 500 sind = 7095 sin 105° 916.9 @ = sin '(0.5267) 0=31.78° Therefore, the magnitude and direction of the force F acting on the frame are 1916.9 Nand [31.78°] respectively “| 2.013PStep 1 of 5 Draw the free body diagram. zZ F =75 |b Step 2 of 5 Calculate the component of the force F onthe xy plane. F' = Fcos30° Substitute 75 |b for F F' =75xcos30° = 64,9519 Ib Calculate the z component of the force. "= -Fsin30° Substitute 75 Ib for F . F, = -75xsin30° =-37.5 lb Calculate the ¥ component of the force. F, = F’cos45° Substitute 64.9519 lb for F’ . F, = 64.98 cos 45° = 45.93 Ib Calculate the x component of the force. F, = F’sin 45° Substitute 64.9519 Ib for Fr . F, = 64.9Ssin 45° = 45.93 Ib Step 3 of 5 “| 2.13FP Consider @ , B , and y to be the coordinate direction angles made by the force with x , ¥ , and z axes respectively. Calculate the coordinate angle & cosa = A F Substitute 45,93 Ib for F, and 75 Ib for F . @ =52,23° Therefore, the x coordinate direction angle is |§' Step 4 of 5 Calculate the coordinate angle # . F cosf= Substitute 45.93 Ib for F and 75 )b for F . B=52.23° Therefore, the ¥ coordinate direction angle is [5: Step 5 of 5 Calculate the coordinate angle » . cosy == Substitute —37,5 Ib for F, and 75 |b for F . cosy = y= 120° Therefore, the z coordinate direction angle is .[ 7 Step 1 of 5 2.014P Draw the figure representing the force acting on the angle section. B Step 2 of 5 Find the force in member AB by using parallelogram law of addition. Step 3 of 5 Calculate the force F,, in the member BC using the resultant force F. Fy =F? + Fy? - 2% F x Fy, 008 30° Substitute 850 Ib for F and 650 Ib for Fy, Fae = V850? +650? -2x850x 650x cos 30° = 433.6381b Therefore, force in the member BC is [433.6381] . Step 4 of 5 Draw the forces by using triangular rule. Step 5 of 5 Apply sine rule to find the angle ¢ . sin(¢+45°) _ sin 30° F Frye Substitute 850 Ib for # and 433.638 Ib for Fy. sin(¢+45°) __sin30° 850 433.638 sin (@+ 45°) =0.98 $= 33.54° Therefore, the required angle ¢ is» | Step 1 of 5 2.14FP F=500N Step 2 of 5 Given F = 500N y= 60° p=? The angle made with negative axis is 60° Therefore a= 180°- 60° a= 120° Step 3 of 5 We know that cos? v+cos? A+cos? y=1 cos? 8=1-cos* a-cos’ y cos? B= 1-(cos 120°)" -(cos 60°)? =1-0.25-0.25 cos f= V0.5 cos 8=+0,7071 = cos (40.7071) B= 45° 135° Step 4.of 5 > F,= Fos 8, R= cosy From the figure, #,=F cose #, = 500 cos 120° F,=-250N Step 5 of 5 From the diagram it can be understand that E,is in negative direction. Therefore from the two values of £, A= 135° satisfies the condition #, = Foos 8 = 500 x cos 135° =-353.5N &= Fcosy = 500cos 60° = 250N The Cartesian vector form of the given force, F= Mit Aj+Ak F = (-250i-353.5j+ 250k} N7 Step 1 of 6 2.015P Given 8=60° F,=8kN \ Tr 4° . Step 2016 Step 3016 RO co sinl00° sin(80°-a@) sina. By cosine rule (oBy =(04)" +48) - 2(04)( AB) cosaz R? =87+67-2(8)(6)cos 100° R?=116.6702 Beige R=10.8013 kN = 108013 Step 4016 eyeeenlt oe Sue’ aa = ssi = 6sin 100° _ 08 sin&= 0.5471 ane oe cina= Step 5016 Step 6 of 6 90° + = 60° +a 90° +h = 60° +33, 168° = 93.168°-90° = 3.168° [o=3.17°) Clockwise from positive x- axisStep 1 of 4 “| 2.15FP Step 2 of 4 Given Angle made with negative y-direction 1s 44° &=180°-45° = 135 Angle made with negative z-direction is 60° y= 180°— 60° y= 120° Step 3 of 4 We know that cos? w+cos? A+cos? y=1 cos? @ = 1—cos? 135° cos? 120° cos @= 0.25 cos @=0.5 a@=cos7(0.5) a= 60° Step 4 of 4 The basic equation for unit vector, u= F=fu = F(cosai+cos Aj+cos Ak) = 500 (cos 60°i + cos135°j +cos 120°) F = 250i- 353.55j- 250k F = {250i - 353.55] - 250k} N vag |[ - Step 1 of 4 2.016P E,=8kN 40° F,=GkN Step 2 of 4 Step 3 of 4 By using sine rule FE, F, _ R sin50° sin(90°-6) sin [40°+6) BH. sin50° sin (90°-6) 8 6 sin 50° sin(90°-6) sin (90° 8) = S%#in 30° 90°- = sin” (0.57453) 90°- 6 = 35.0667° @ = 90°— 35.0667° @ = 54,9333° Step 4 of 4 By sine rule 8 OR sin 50° sin (40°-+6) 8 R sin 50° sin (40°+54.9333°) p = xsi (94.93339) sin 50° R =10.4045 kN R =10.4 kh)» | Step 1 of 5 2.16FP Step 2 of 5 From the given figure The z component of the force #, E = # sin45° = 50sin 45° F, = 35.355 1b Horizontal component of the force on ay plane, F, = # cos 45° = 50cos45° A, = 35.355 lb Step 3 of 5 Fy, o4 The y component of the force F, — = 3 k 4 f= Fx rer = 35.355%4 A, = 28.284 Ib Step 4 0f5 The x component of the force F, Fy = 3 R53 3 f=-k a =-35.355x2 5 F, = -21.213 lb Step 5 of 5 The Cartesian vector form of the force, F= Fit Aj+ Ak F=-21.2131+ 28. 284j+35.355k F = {-21.2135 + 28.284) +35.355k} IbStep 1 of 3 Draw the force triangle by triangular law of force. Step 2 of 3 Calculate the force in the member A8 by applying sine rule. — Fae _ = Fac, _400_ sin(140°-@) sin@ sin 40° a) Fic _ 400 sin@ sin 40° F, 400 4B (2) sin(140°—@) sin 40° Substitute 5001 for F4,. in equation (1) Fac, 400_ sin@ sin 40° 500 400 sin@ sin40° . 500sin 40° sin @ = ————_ 400 in 40° @=sin* 500 sin 40 } 400 =53.5° Therefore, the design angle for the strut AB is . Step 3 of 3 Substitute §3.5° for g in equation (2). Fy, ___ 400 sin(140°-0) sin40° Fe _ 400 sin(140°-53.5°) sin 40° _ 400sin (86.5°) sin 40° = 621,131b Therefore. the force in the member AB is|62].131bI. “| 2.017Ps | Step 1 of 4 2.17FP Determine the Cartesian vector for force for the given figure. Z Step 2 of 4 Calculate the z component of the force F_ using relation. F, = Fsin45° Substitute, 750 N for F in relation above and calculate F_ F, = 750sin 45° = 530.33 N Calculate horizontal component of the force on xy plane. F, = Fcos 45° Substitute, 750 N for F in relation above and calculate F, . F,, = 750cos 45° = 530.33 N Step 3 of 4 Calculate the x component of the force (7) using relation. F, = F,cos60° Substitute, §30.33 N for F, in relation above and calculate F.. F, = 530.33cos60° = 265.165 N Calculate the y component of the force (4) using relation. F, =—F,sin 60° Substitute, §30.33 N for F, in relation above and calculate F,,. F, = -530.33sin 60° =-459.28N Step 4 of 4 Determine the Cartesian vector form of the force (F ) using relation. F=FitFhj+Fk Substitute, 265.165 N for F,, -459.28 N for F, and 530.33 N for F, in above relation and obtain the vector form. F = 265.165i- 459.28 j + $30.33k = {265.165i— 459.28 j+530.33k} N Therefore the Cartesian vector form for the force (F) is expressed as {265.165i— 459.28 j+530,33k} N]-[ 7 Step 1 of 2 2.018P First draw the force triangle Step 2 of 2 By cosine rule (0B) = (OA) +(AB)’ - 2(0A)(AB) cos F2,. = (600)' +(400)’ - 2(600)(400) cos 30° Fi. = 104307.8061 F,, = ¥104307.8061 F,. = 322.967 The answer is [F,. = 3231b By sine rule Exc _ 400 sin30 sing 400x sin 30 322.967 sing = 0.61925 sing= g=sin™' (0.61925) $= 38.2619 The answer is | = 38.3°» | Step 1 of 6 2.18FP Step 2 of 6 For A: The a component of the force A, Fy =0 The y component of the force AF, =F (2) 4 Fy = s00( 4} Fy, = 400 1b Step 3 of 6 The z component of the force A, hy = & (2) 3 Ay= s00( 2) Fy = 300 lb The Cartesian vector form of the force A, Ky =400j+300k Step 4 of 6 For #: The z component of the force ,, F, =—F, sin 45° Fy = —800sin 45° Fy, =-565.68 Ib The horizontal component of the force F,onxyplane, A, =f, cos 45° A, =800 cos 45° F, = 565.68 1b Step 5 of 6 The x component of the force #,, #. =F, cos 30° Fy =565.68c0s 30° Fy =489.89 Ib The y component of the force F,, #. = F, sin 30° Fig =565.68sin 30° Fy = 282.84 |b The Cartesian vector form of the force #,, F, = 489.891 +282.84j - 565.68 Step 6 of 6 Let R be the total resultant force R=Kt+FE, R= (400j + 300k) +(489. 891 + 282.84) — 565. 68k) 89.891 + 682.84j— 265. 68k[ 7 Step 1 of 8 2.019P 30N 50N 20N Step 2 of 8 Where , tnas 4 =0.75 = 36.9° Resultant of 30N and 20N is F! Step 3 of 8 Step 4 of 8 By the cosine rule =30.84N F'=30.84N Step 5 of 8 By the sine rule F 30 sin(70+a) | sin(70- 6) 30.84 30 sin(70+36.9) _ sin(70-) 30.84 sin (70- 8) = (30)sin (106.9) sin(70- 8) = 0.9307 70-8 =68.55° B=1.447° B=1.5° Step 6 of 8 Now add F' and & =50N Step 7 of 8 By the cosine rule Fy = ,f(30.84) + (50)? - 2 (30.84) (50) cos (1.5°) =19.18N Resultant, |¥, =19.2 N Step 8 of 8 By the sine rule BF, OF sinf sind sing= Pisin zg (30.84) sin (1.5) 19.2 = 0.042 Direction, |p=2.41°» | Step 1 of 7 2.19FP Step 2 of 7 The position vector of A, ry = (3i- 2) m The position vector of B, r; = (+3i+4j +3k) m Position vector from A to B, ry, =rp—Ty4 V4, = (-31+4j+3k) m-(31-2j) m T4g = (-6i+ 6j+3k) m Therefore, the position vector of r,in Cartesian vector form is [ty, =(-6i+6j+3k) m Step 3 of 7 The magnitude of AB, ry, = (-6y +(6y +3) ry = 81 ry =9m Therefore, the magnitude of the vector ry, is [ras = 9 2] Step 4 of 7 The unit vector of AB, uy, = aa ap (61+ 6j+3k) m ay = 9m -6. 6,3 Ugg = —it+—j+ik aS We also know that, uy, = cos ait+cos Aj +cos yk Where a, Sand y are the coordinate direction cosine angles with respect to x, y and z axis respectively. Fis Sj+ik =cos Gitcos Aj+cos yk Step 5 of 7 Equate the coefficients of i: 6 cos@=—— 9 a@=cos? (=) 9 @=131.81° Therefore, the coordinate direction cosine angle with respect to x — axis is |@’=131.81° Step 6 of 7 Equate the coefficients of j: 6 cos B= — B 9 ~ cog 4 S=cos (5 S=48.19° Therefore, the coordinate direction cosine angle with respect to y— axis is |& Step 7 of 7 Equate the coefficients of k: cosyae = af2 y =cos (2) ¥ = 70,53° Therefore, the coordinate direction cosine angle with respect to z— axis is |¥ = 70.539[ 1 Step 1 of 7 2.020P Draw the free body diagram. y Step 2 of7 Apply the cosine rule and calculate the resultant force. F'= VF + Fj -2F,F,cos(90-0) Here, F, and F, are the forces, and @ is the angle between them. Substitute 20 N for F, . SON for F, , and 20° for g. F'= (20) +(50)" — 2(20)(50)cos(90-20) =47.074N Step 3 of 7 Apply the Sine rule to the free body diagram. a 5 sinA sinB Substitute 20 N fora, B for 4, F' for & , 47.074.N for F', and 79° for B . . 20sin 70° sin B = ———— F’ p=sins( 203070") 47.074 p= 23.53° Step 4 of 7 Draw the free body diagram to represent the resultant force. Step 5 of 7 Calculate the angle. a = 36.87° Calculate the angle 7 . y=a-B Substitute 36,87° for @ and 23,53° for B . ¥ = 36.87 — 23.53 =13.34° Step 6 of 7 Apply the cosine rule and calculate the resultant force. Fy =F? Fe =2F'F.cosy Substitute 47.074 N for F', 30.N for F and 13,34° for Y F,= f47.07# +30° -2(47.074)(30)cos13.34° =19.176 N Therefore, the resultant force is 119.176 N| - Step 7 of 7 Apply the sine rule and calculate the direction. FR 30 siny sing Substitute 19,176 N for F, and 13,34° for 7 . _ 30siny sing g _ ,_ (30)sin (13.34) sino 19.2 o=sin™ (0.36) $= 21.13° Calculate the direction of the resultant force. w=B-9 Substitute 21,13° for @ , and 23,§3° for B wy =23.53- 21.13 w=24° Therefore, the direction of the resultant is |? 4°] -Step 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Position vector of OA, rq = (4i) f Position vector of OB, r, = (2j4+-4k) ft Position vector of AB, ry; =1,-Ty Ty, = (2]+4k)f—(4i)f Yyy = (-4i t+ 2] +-4kc ft Step 3 of 5 The magnitude of the vector AB, ray = N36 Pag = 6 ft Therefore, the length ofthe rod is Step 4 of 5 The coordinate direction angle with respect to x axis a@=cos” [*2) -4 a-o(3) cos 6 @=131.81° Step 50f5 The required angle, @=180°-@& @=180°-131.81° 8 = 48.19° Therefore, the angle is “| 2.20FP[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.021P Figure representing the forces acting, on the screw eye. Step 2 of 4 Figure representing the forces in the triangle rule Step 3 of 4 The angle between the forces can be calculated using the cosine rule Fp=R+E—2R\(R)eo80-0) ne ay Here, The forces acting on the screw eye are ® and F, The resultant force is F, The angle between the forces #, and F, is 0 Substitute 400 N for F,, 600 N for F, and 800 N for F, in equation (1) 800° = 4007 +600" —2(400)(600)cos(180°-9) 480000 x cos (180°—@) = 400" +600” — 800" 120000 480000 cos(180°— 6) = -0.25 cos(180°—) = — Step 4 of 4 Solve the above relation for @ 180°-9 =cos"’ (-0.25) 180°-@ =104.47° @=180°—104.47° 0=75.52° Therefore. the angle between the forces F, and F, is |75.52°s | Step 1 of 3 2.21FP Step 2 of 3 Given that, Force along AB, F =630 H Position vector of AB, ry, ={2i+3j-6k} m The magnitude of AB, r3, = 27+37 +(6) tg = VB Pg = 7m Step 3 of 3 ‘We know that the formula of force in Cartesian vector is F=F-u F = F- (cos ait+cos Aj +cos yi) v7 (al a), a), 2)j-eh,) Tap Paz "2 F= eno zi je] F = (180+ 270j + 540k) N Therefore, the Cartesian vector of the force along AB is |F =(180i+ 270} +540k) N[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.022P Draw the figure representing a free body diagram of screw eye. y F, Step 2 of 4 Draw the figure representing a force triangle. Step 3 of 4 Derive a relation for the angle » in terms of @ and ¢ . (180°- 0) +$+7= 180° y=0-¢ Calculate the resultant force by applying cosine rule. Fg =F + F} ~2(F )(F)eos(180°- 8) Here, @ is the angle between two forces. Substitute F for F and F for Fy . F,? = F? + F? -2(F)(F)cos(180°- @) Pp (1+cos@) , F, = {2 5 2 Substitute cos? (2) for tacos? Therefore, the magnitude of resultant force (Fp) is Step 4 of 4 Apply sine rule and determine angle g. BLA sing siny Substitute, F for, F for F, and (@-¢) for y. FF sing sin(@-¢) sin g=sin(@-¢) G= 8-9 e 2 Therefore, the angle (¢) made by the resultant force (Fp) and force (Rf) is [9] :Step 1 of 3 Step 2 of 3 Given that, Force along AB, F =900 MN The position vector of AB, ry, = (41+ 7] - 4k} in The magnitude of AB, ris = (ran), + (rash, +(r4e); Pag = f(A 47 +a? rg = 81 Tap = 9m Step 3 of 3 Cartesian vector form of the force, F = #-u co (as), jG) TaB Tap "ss -4 F= 900/ — +2 dy 3 +5 9 F = (4001 + 700j- 400k) N “| 2.22FP Therefore, the Cartesian vector form of the force along AB |F= (400i +700j-400k) NIStep 1 of 4 Given force system 500 N. FE Step 2 of 4 Force triangle: Step 3 of 4 By using sine rule, Fi R _ 500 sind sin(150°—0) sin 30° Substitute 600 N for F , we get 600 500 sin@ sin30° 600% sin 30° 500 0 = 36.86° sing= Step 4 of 4 Consider second and third term from the equation (1) R _ 500 sin(150°-36.86°) sin30° R= 500 sin xsin(150°—36.86°) 30° =919.54N Therefore the resultant force and the angle are 919.66 N| and|@ = 36.86° “| 2.023PStep 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Position vector of AB, ry, = (a -2j- ék}m Magnitude of the vector r,., 74, = y +(-2)" +{-6) "4, =7m Force vector along AB, r, F, = F,-2 a3 F, = 840 (75%) F, = (360i -240j -720k) N Step 3 of 5 Position vector of AC, ry. = (21 +3] -6k) m Magnitude of the vector r,. rye = {2 +P +(-6)° Tyg =7 im Force vector along AC, =F, ac Ry ak Tac Ey = 420( 243-%) F, = (120i +180j-720k) NW Step 4of5 The resultant force, F,=F,+F, F, = (360i — 240} — 720k) + (120i +180j-720k) F, = (360+120)i+ (-240+180)j +{-720-360)k F, =(480i-60j-1080k) N Step 5 of5 The magnitude of the resultant force Fp is F, = 1183.38 N F,=1.184 kN Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant force is |¥, = 1.184 kT “| 2.23FP[ 1 Step 1 of 4 2.024P Draw the forces applied and the resultant force of the screw eye. y 500 N R F Q | 30° Step 2 of 4 Draw the force triangle to find the unknown values. Step 3 of 4 Apply cosine rule to find the other force F. 500? = R? + F? -2(R)}(F)cos 30° Here, R is resultant magnitude of the two forces. Substitute 750 N for R. 500? = 750? + F? = 2(750)(F )cos 30° 500° = 750? + F? -1299.038F F? -1299.038F + 312500 =0 Solve the equation and find the value of F. F =980.24N or 318.8N Since F should be less than the resultant force, hence the magnitude of the other force is 318.8 N. Therefore, the magnitude of other force Fis[318.8 N Step 4 of 4 Apply sine rule to the force triangle. FoR 500 sin@ sin(150°-@) sin30° Here, R is resultant magnitude of the two forces. Substitute 750 N for R. Solve angle @ 750 = 500 sin(150°-@) sin 30° 750 sin(150°-@) "1° sin (150° - @) = 0.75 6 =101.409° But @ should lie in between 0° < G@ < 90°, and then find other value of g. From equation (1), F __ 500 sin@ sin30° . F sin 30° sin 9 =——_—— 500 sind =0.001F Substitute 318.8 N for F. sin @ = 0.001x318.8 G=18.59° Therefore, the angle @ isStep 1 of 5 “| 2.24FP Step 2 0f5 Position vector of AB, ry, = (-21+4j-4k)ft Magnitude of the vector r,,, *g = (-2)?+ (4)? +(—y Taz = 6 ft Force vector along AB, r. F, = 7,2 PB —2i+4j—- #, = 600( 24-4) F, = (- 2001+ 400j - 400k) 1b Step 3 of 5 Position vector of AC, ty. = (-6i+ 3j- 2k)m Magnitude of the vector r,, Fag = {-6)° +3? +(-2) Tyay=7 ft Force vector along AC, =F, tac Fo =f Tac F.=450( 19-24) F, = (-420i + 210j - 140k) 1b Step 4 of 5 The resultant force, F, =F, +F, F, = (-2001+ 400j - 400k) +(~120i + 210j- 140k) F, = (-200- 420)i+ (400 +210)j + (-400-140)k Fy = (620i +610 - 540k) 1b Therefore, the resultant force at A is |F, = (-620i+610j-540k) Ib Step 5 of 5 The magnitude of the resultant force F, is Fa = 4f(-620)' +(610)° + (5407 F,= 1023.77 Ib Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant force is |¥, = 1023.77 lbStep 1 of 4 Draw the free body diagram of the chisel and wood: Step 2 of 4 a) Resolve the force into components along n and f directions: Calculate the force component along ¢ axis. F =20xsin 45° = 14.142 Ib Therefore, the force component along tf axis is, Calculate the force components along n axis. F, =-20xcos 45° =-14,142 lb Therefore, the force component along n axis is, : Step 3 of 4 b) Find the angle @ from the geometry: @=180-60- 45° = 75° Resolve the force into components along x and y directions: Calculate the force component along x axis. F, = 20xsind Substitute 75° for g. F, = 20xsin 75° Therefore, the force component along x axis is, = 19,32 lb Step 4 of 4 Calculate the force component along y axis. F, =20xcos6 Substitute 75° for g . F, = 20xcos 75° =5.176 Ib Therefore the component along y axis is,|5.176 Ib! “| 2.025PStep 1 of 4 Zz B= {6i+9j+3k} KN Step 2 of 4 Givea force F = (-6i +34 +3k) kN Magnitude of the given force, Fay (-6y +9743 F=11.225kN Unit vector of the force, A -= _ 761+ 9j+3k P11.225 Step 3 of 4 The position vector of OA, yp =(-li+ 2j-2k)m The magnitude of the vector OA, Pygy = (1 +274 (-2)? Pep = 31m The unit vector of OA, 249 = rao Pao ~l+2j-2k dao = 7 Step 4 of 4 We know that, cosO=2,-2,, Gi +9j+%e) (-li+2j-2k cos @ =| ———-_—— ].J —_~ > 11.225 3 6) f- 2 (11.225)(3) g-—8_ 33.675 8=cos (0.53452) 6557.7° Therefore, the angle between the force and the line AO is 6=57.7°| “| 2.25FPStep 1 of 5 Given Resultant force, #, = 600 Nis acted along positive y-axis o=45° Step 2 of 5 Step 3 0f5 Step 4 of 5 y= 180° (30°+45°) y= 105° By sine rule x _ *s _ sin 45° sin30° sin 105° From Fy _ Fe sin 44° sin 105° _ 600sin 45° A" sin 105° F, = 439.2304 iF, = 439.23N Step 5 of 5 From Fy _ Fe sin 30° sin 105° _ 600xsin 30° ~~ sin 105° Fy = 310.5828 |F, = 310.6 Ny “| 2.026P» | Step 1 of 5 2.26FP Step 2 of 5 The position vectors of A, B and C are 423 r, =4k te =4i Step 3 of 5 The position vector of AB, ry, =rg-ry Ng = 4k-3j Nyy =—3j+ 4k The magnitude of AB, ry, = (-3)° +(4)' Te =5m Step 4 of 5 The position vector of AC, rye=ro-ry Ngo = 41-3] The magnitude of AC, rye = ye +(-3F Typ =5 Step 5 of 5 ‘We know that, cos@= "4c Nae Tae XT ap conde (4i-3j) -(-3)+4k) 5x5 cose = 23) 25 9 B=cos| — cos (2) 8=68.9° Therefore, the angle between AC and AB is |@ = 68.9°[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.027P Figure representing free body diagram of the beam. Step 2 of 4 Figure representing force triangle. Step 3 of 4 From the force triangle we can say, F, is minimum when 150° -@ is equal to 99°. Hence, @=150°-90° =60° Apply trigonometric relation and calculate F, . F in30°=—£ sin F. e Substitute, 600 N for Fp F in30°= sin 600 Fy = 600sin 30° =300N Therefore magnitude of force (Fe) is : Step 4 of 4 Apply trigonometric relation and calculate F, . cos 30° = A Rg Substitute, 600 N for Fe F, = 600cos30° = 519.6152 Therefore magnitude of force ( F,) isStep 1 of 3 ¥ F=650N Step 2 of 3 Unit vector of force, A» =1j Unit vector of OA, Lag = (ran) i+ (roa), J Step 3 of 3 We know that, cosO=Ag Ay cosO= (Bir 53] (4) cos =— 13 8=cos 2 13 6 = 67.38" Therefore, the angle between the force and the line OA is |@ = 67.38" “| 2.27FPStep 1 of 4 Draw the two forces and resultant of the two tug boats as shown. Here the resultant force, FR acts along positive x direction Step 2 of 4 Draw the parallelogram law of addition of the above two vector forces, Step 3 of 4 Apply sine rule to find the forces. Fe sin@ sin(1S0-@) sin30° Here, F, and F, are the two forces Substitute 3 KN for Fr and 2 kN for F, 2. 3. Fs sind sin(150-6) ~ sin30° Find the angle @ 2.3 sin@ sin(150-8) 3 sin(150-@) 2. sind sin(150-6) <1 sin@ sin 150°x cos@—cos150°sing _ 15 5 sin@ 0.5cot A+ 0.866 =1.5 1.5-0.866 0.5 8 =38.26° cot@ = Therefore, the angle made by the force Fy with resultant force is Step 4 of 4 Apply cosine rule to find the force. Fy = Fj + F; -2F;,F, cos(150°- 8) Substitute 3. kN for F, , 2 KN for F,, and 38,26° for @ 3 =2? + F} -2x2x F, cos(150° - 38.26°) 5=F, -4F, (-0.37) S=F; +1.48F, F, =1.61SkN Therefore. the other force is|1.615 kN].Step 1 of 4 f£=650N Step 2 of 4 Unit vector of force, A» =1j Unit vector of OA, Lag = (ran) i+ (roa), J Step 3 of 4 The force vectoris F= 7-45 F = 650(j) F =(650j) N The magnitude of the force Fo, Fog =F ag »f12. 5. Foy = (6505) {Bi+ 33) 5 Fo= (650%5] Foy = 250 8 Step 4 of 4 The Cartesian vector of Fo, is Baa = Fon on 12,5 Fo = 250) —i+Tj om (i = Fay = (230.76 +96. 1539) N “| 2.28FP Therefore, the projection of the force along the line OA is |Fa, = (230.761 + 96.153j)N[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.029P Draw the free bady diagram of the mghoats Step 2 of 4 Parallelogram law of addition Step 3 of 4 From the law of cosines Fy =F) + F-28,F, c0s105° Substitute 2 KNfor F, and 3 kN for F,, we get Ky = 92? +3? —2x2x3x cos 105° =4.013 kN Step 4 of 4 From the law of sine’s, we get F, F, sina sin105° 3 4.013 sina sin105° a@=46.22 Calculate the angle made with the x axis is ¢=a-30° = 46.22° - 30° =16.22° Therefore the resultant force and angle made with the x axis is | Fy = 4.013 KN} and $=16.229» | Step 1 of 5 2.29FP Write the position vector of the point A. r, =4j+6k Write the position vector of the point B. r, = 4i+5j Step 2 of 5 Find the force vector using the following relation: F=F-u,, (1) Here, magnitude of the force is fF and the unit vector along the line ABis u ,, Calculate the unit vector along the line AB using the relation: Here, the position vector of the line ABis Tyg and the magnitude of the vector AB is ip - _ (41+5j)-(4j+6k) 0” \(4i+5j)-(4]+ 6K) ___4it j-6k Vay ey Coy _ 4i+j-6k 7.28 =0,5494i + 0,1373)-0.8242k Step 3 of 5 Substitute 400N for F and 0.5494i +0.1373j-0.8242k for w_,, in equation (1): F=F-u,, = 400(0.5494i +0. 1373j-0.8242k) = 219.761 + 54.92j-329.68k Step 4 0f 5 Write the position vector of pipe AO: To = -4j-6k Find the unit vector along the line OA. = fos Yo, toa Substitute the required known value: _ (-4i-6k) Nor = (=4j-ox) =—-0,5547j-0.8320k Step 5 of 5 Calculate the magnitude of the force along the pipe OA using the relation: Fo, =F Ug, Substitute 219,761 + 54.92] - 329.68k for F and —0.5547i—0.8320k for uy, . F,, =(219.76i + 54.925 - 329.68k) -(-0.5547i -0.8320k) = (54.92 -0.5547) — (329.68 x 0.8320) =-30.46 + 274.29 = 243.83N Therefore, magnitude of the projected component of the force along the pipe AO is |243,83N] .Step 1 of 4 Draw the free body diagram of the tighoats “| 2.030P Step 2 of 4 Parallelogram law of addition For minimum F, @ should be 90° Step 3 of 4 From the law of cosine rule, we get Fy = Fj + -28,F, cos 6? Substitute 2 KN for F,, we get Fy = 42? + F} -2x 2x F,.c0s 60° Apply rules of sines, we get F, FE, sin30° sin90° F, _2 sin30° 1 F,=1!b Step 4 of 4 Substitute the value #, =1 Ibin equation (1), we get F, =f! + Fi —2%2x F,cos60° = V44P —2«2x1xcos60° =1.732 tb Therefore the resultant magnitude, force along B direction and the angle ae[F 1722), [Fai Toland [2-901Step 1 of 7 Step 2 of 7 The position vectors % = Or +07 +0b Fait jy tek and = Fy =F Fog = AEF 4 F + 2b (0407 +04) Fog = 4 +4 jt 2k The magnitude is 72, = (ran), +(rax), + (ran) rea = (AY +64) +2 Toa= 6 The unit vector fgg = = Fea - —4i+4j+2k figg = —————_ 6 - 2.,2,,1 Ha =—- tit -jt+ié& meta Step 3 of 7 F-600 Ib Step 4 of 7 From the above figure: ¥'= F cos 60 = 600cos60 F'=300 And # =F sin60? = 600sin 60° #,=519.6152 Step 5 of 7 Step 6 of 7 From the above figure: #, = F' cos 30 = 300 cos 30 B, = 259.8076 And -F, = F'sin 30° F, = —300sin 30 F,=-150 The force vector is # =-150: +259. 8174519. 6% The force parallel to the pole OAis Fy = Fig 2.2.41 (Fon), = (150 wesau+si9.6e) (Si+Z j+3 ) = (-150«=2) -(2s922) «(sis6x3) 3 3 3 (Fon), = 446.4 Step 7 of 7 The perpendicular force to OA can be determine by Pythagoras theorem. (Fa), + (Fae) =F (Fat) tw = ¥?-( Fon) (Fos) jy = 600? — (446.4101)" = /160717.9929 (Fea), = 400.9 -. The components of force are |(Fq4), = 446 ll] and |( Fa.) .,, = 401 Ib “| 2.30FP[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.031P Draw the schematic diagram. Step 2 of 5 Draw the Force triangle. Step 3 of 5 Write the cosine rule. F} = 300? + 200? -2(300)(200)cos 60° F, = 470000 F,, = 264.5751 Therefore, the resultant force F is |264.6 Ib| - Step 4 of 5 Write the sine rule to find the resultant angle. F, 200 sin60° sin(30°+8) 200x sin 60° 264.6 (30° +4) =sin' (0.65459) 30°+ @= 40.89° 8 = 40.89° — 30° @=10.89° Therefore, the resultant angle is sin(30°+ 4) = Step 5 of 5 Calculate the minimum resultant force. Fa = Fy + Frain Here, F, is the direct resultant. Substitute 5001Ib for F, 500 = 264.4+F.,, Fig = 500- 264.4 = 235.6lb Therefore, the minimum resultant force F_ is |235.61b| .Step 1 of 4 Draw a figure representing the forces on the given component. Step 2 of 4 Draw a figure representing the component. Step 3 of 4 Calculate the length between A and C using the Pythagoras theorem Calculate the angle “CAD tang= 2 AC __l ~ 3354 @=tan" (0.298) @=16.60° Calculate the angle between AD and AC g=20 = 2x16.60° = 33.20° tan? Step 4 of 4 Calculate the magnitude along line AO, F, =56xcos¢ = 56xcos 33.20° = 46.875 N Calculate the magnitude perpendicular to line AO, F, = 56xsing = 56x sin 33.20° = 30.66 N “| 2.31FP Therefore, the magnitude of the component of force F = 56 N acting along and perpendicular to the line AO are|46.875 Niand!30.66 Ni.[ 1 Step 1 of 2 2.032P Draw the force system acting on a point as shown below. 800 Ib 800 Ib Here, the force, $00 Ib with dotted line represents the transmissibility of the force. Step 2 of 2 Calculate the component along x axis as shown below. F, = 800xsin 40° = 514.23 Ib Calculate the component along y axis as shown below. F,, = -800xcos 40° =-612.83 Ib Therefore, the components along x and y direction are [514.23 Ib] and|—6]2.83 Ibl.[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.033P Step 2 of 5 Given #=850N F,= 650M R= 750" From figure tan, == 394 =3687 x — Component of F,,(#,), = A.cos 6, = (850) cos 36.87° = 680N x— Component of #, (F,), = -625cos60° =-317.5N x—-Component of F (F,), =-75000845° =—530.41N So resultant in x — direction, +R, =) F, +R, =G) B+), = 680-317.5-530.41 =-162.3N Step 3 of 5 y— Component of # (5), = -850sin 36.87° =-510N y— Component of #, (5 ) = 625 sin 60° =-541.25N »— Component of 4, (5) = 750 sin 45° = 530.41N So, resultant in y — direction + TR, =D 5, =(4),+(%) +(4), =-510-541.25+530.41 = -520.9N Step 4 of 5 Step 5 of 5 Magnitude of the resultant R= Ri +R = f(162.8) + (520.9) =s6N R= 546N Direction @=tan7 % &, 520.9 = tan? 162.8 = 72.64° Measured in counter clock wise 8 = 180+72.64 = 252.64° = 250.649s 7 Step 1 of 2 2 .034P Given force system Step 2 of 2 Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 400xsin 30° + 400xcos30°j x = [200i +346.4j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction FE, = 250x cos 45° — 250 sin 45°§ F, =[176.71-176.7j] N Therefore the components along x and y direction are |F, =[200i+346.4j] N| and IF, =[176.7i-176.7j] N][ 1 Step 1 of 3 2.035P Given force system Step 2 of 3 Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 100 xsin 30°1+ 400% cos30°j F, =[2001+346.4j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 250 cos 45°%1—250x sin 45°j F, =[176.71-176.7j] N Step 3 of 3 Calculate the resultant vector R,-KtE, = [200i + 346.4j]+[176.7i-176.7;] =[376.91+169.7j] Calculate the magnitude of the resultant Fy = 3769 +169.7 =415.15N Find the direction of the resultant with x axis _169.7 | 3767 =tan™ 169.7 376.7 @=24.2° Therefore the magnitude and direction of the resultant force are | F, = 413.15 N| ands | Step 1 of 2 2.036P Given force system Step 2 of 2 Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, =[900i+-0j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 750 xcos 45° + 750x sin 45°j = [530.331 +530.33g] N Resolve the forceF, into x and y direction F, = 650xcos36.86° — 650xsin 36.86°j =[520.06i-389.9j] N Therefore the components along x and y direction are|F, =[900i+0j] Ni, IF, =[530.33i +530.33j] N| and |F, =[520.06i-389.9}] N[ 1 Step 1 of 3 2.037P Given force system Step 2 of 3 Resolve the farce F, into x and y direction F, =[900i+0j] N Resolve the forceF, into x and y direction F, = 750xcos 45+ 750x sin 459j = [530.331 4530339] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 650xcos36.86°% — 650% sin 36.86°j =[520.06i-389.9j] N Step 3 of 3 Calculate the resultant vector F, =K+F,+E, = [900i +0j]+ [530.331 + 530.33j]+[520.06i — 389.9j] =[1950.39i+ 140.43 j] Calculate the magnitude of the resultant F, = 41950.397 + 140.43? =19554N Find the direction of the resultant with x axis _ 140.43 ~ 1950.39 _ 4 140.43 7 1950.39 6=4.118° Therefore the magnitude and direction of the resultant force are | Fp =1955.4 N/ and 18 = 4.1189Step 1 of 7 Step 2 of 7 Given & =1501b &, = 275 lb #=75 lb 4 = 60° Step 3 of 7 Angle x-axis and & coms = 53,13? x—component of the # A, = Ac0s53.13° = 150 cos (53. 13°) = 901b y-component ofthe # Ay =— Asin 53.13° = —150sin53.13° = 120 Ib Step 4 of 7 Cartesian vector form F=f, i+F, i IF, = (901-1203)Ib Step 5 of7 x—component of the #, A, =0 ¥ component of the , A, =-F =-275 |b So Cartesian vector form F, =, i+ Fyj = (-275j) lb -2759) lo Step 6 of 7 x component of the & &, = —Fcos 60° = -75cos60° =-37.51b ¥ component ofthe & Ay =—% sin 60° = -75sin 60° =—65 1b Cartesian vector form IF, = (-37.5i— 653) Ib Step 7 of 7 Magnitude of the resultant force F, =|F, +F, +3,| = |90 i - 120j - 275 j- 37.5i- 653] = [5251-460 j| = ,f(52.5)’ +(460)" = 463 Ib So F, = 463 1b “| 2.038P[ 1 Step 1 of 2 2.039P Given force system F, = 650N Step 2 of 2 Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 800xcos60°% +800 xsin 60°j F, = [400i + 692.8j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, =-600xsin 451+ 600x cos 45°j F, =[-424.261+ 424.263] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 650xcos 22.62°1— 650x sin 22.6295 F, =[599.91-250.0j] N Therefore the components along x and y direction are > IF, = [-424.26i + 424.26j] Njand |F, =[599.91-250.0j] NIStep 1 of 3 Given force system Step 2 of 3 Resolve the force F, imto x and y direction F, = 800xcos 60% + 800xsin60°j F, = [400+ 692.8j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, =—600x sin 45°1 + 600x cos 45°j F, =[-424.261+ 424.26j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 650% cos 22.62°% — 650xsin 22.62°j F, =[599.9i1-250.0j] N Step 3 of 3 Calculate the resultant vector F,=K+F,+F, = [400i + 692.8] + [—424.261 + 424.26j] + [599.91-250.0j] F, = [575.641 + 867.06j] Calculate the magnitude of the resultant F, = V575.64 +867.06" =1040.7N Find the direction of the resultant with x axis 867.06 tan 2 = ———_. 575.64 @=ten? 867.06 575.64 =56.42° “| 2.040P Therefore the magnitude and direction of the resultant force are | F, = 1040.7 and 1@ = 56.42°|» | Step 1 of 3 2.40RP Draw the force system Step 2 of 3 Find the Co-ordination of point A A=(-125xsin 25°, 125 xcos 25°) =(-52.83 mm, 113.29 mm) Find the Co-ordination of point B B=(400 mm, 0) Step 3 of 3 Calculate the position vector of AB Fg = [400 - (-52.83) ]i+[0-113.29]j = 452.831 -113.29j Calculate the Magnitude of the connecting rod AB tug = 452.83? +(—113.29)° = 466.79 mm Therefore the length of the connecting rod AB is [r_5 = 466.79 mm]Step 1 of 5 F,-60lb Step 2 of 5 Given K = 60lb F, =70lb F, = 50lb Step 3 of 5 x — Component of the resultant force +R, =3F, = —60.cos45°— 70 cos 30° =-103b y— Component of the resultant force +TR,=ADE = 60sin 45-70sin 30-50 = —42.601b Step 40f5 Magnitude of the resultant = ,f{-103)? +(42.6)" =111.45lb R=111451b Step 5 of 5 = 180+22.47 = 202.5° 6 = 202.5% ~T 2.041PStep 1 of 6 “| 2.41RP Given K =200N F, = 150N 6, = 45° 8, = 30° Step 2 of 6 4 F.=200N FAs . Step 3 of 6 x — Component of the force F, F, =Rsin45° = 200sin 45° Step 4 of 6 y»— Component of the force, R = 200N F, =F, cos45° = 200 cos45° =14142N Step 5 of 6 x — Component of the force FE, F,, =-F, cos 30° =-150cos 30° =-129.9N F,, =-129.9) Step 6 of 6 ¥— Component of the force, F, = 150N F,, =F, sin 30° = 150 sin 30° =75N F,, =75NI» | Step 1 of 10 2.042P Given that, The resultant force is directed along the positive y axis Magnitude of the resultant force, ¥, = 1500 N Step 2 of 10 ¥ F,=1500N, Fy 30° fF, =700N 5 x Step 3 of 10 Step 4 of 10 The x component of the force #,, #,, = F,sin 30° f= 700sin 30° Fy = 350N The y component of the force A, Ay, = Fycos 30° Py = 700cos 30° Fy = 606.22 N Step 5 of 10 Step 6 of 10 The x component of the force 7,, 7, =-F, cos? The y component of the force Ay, #y = Fysin Let R,and R, are the x and y components of the resultant force R.=0 R, =F, R, =1500N Step 7 of 10 We know that, R,= Fy t Fy 0= 350- F,cosh F,cos@= 350 (a) Step 8 of 10 We know that, R= Fy tFy 1500 = 606.2247, sin 8 Fy sin @ =893.78 (2) Step 9 of 10 (2) From + we get Q) 8 = tan“ (2.55366) 8 = 68.6149° Step 10 of 10 From equation (1) F008 68.6° = 350 350 F,=— cos 68.6° F, = 959.228 F, = 959.2 NStep 1 of 5 Given Kk =200N F, =150N 8, = 45° 8, = 30° Step 2 of 5 T-200N F=150N * Step 3 of 5 x — Component of the resultant +R, = DE = K sin 45°- F, cos30° = 200sin 45°—150 cos 30° =11.52N y — Component of the resultant +TRU=DE, = 200 cos45°+150 sin 30° = 21642N Step 4 0f 5 So, Resultant, R = [R27 +R3 = J1152 4216.42" =216.73N Step 5 of 5 R Direction, 6= tan7 (=) R, oe tan 21642 = tan?) O86 11.52 2.42RPStep 1 of 10 Step 2 of 10 Given that, #,=600N @= 20° Let & be the resultant force and @be the angle measured counterclockwise fram the positive y axis A= -Rsing R= Reosg Step 3 of 10 Step 4 of 10 The x component of the force F,, Fy, = F,sin 30° F,, = 700sin 30° F, = 350N The » component of the force Fy, Fy = Fy cos30° Ey = 700cos 30° Fy = 606.22 N Step 5 of 10 Step 6 of 10 The x component of the force Fz, Fa =—Fgcos? F, =—600cos 20° F,, =—-563.81N The y component of the force Fy, Fy = Fysing Fy = 600sin 20° Fy = 205.21N Step 7 of 10 We know that R= Fy + Fy ~Rsin g= 350 - 563.81 sin P= 213.81N aq) Step 8 of 10 ‘We know that, R= hy + Fy Reos f= 606.224 205.21 Reos é= 811.43 N (2) Step 9 of 10 ) From we get (2) tan f= 213.81 811.43 tan $= 0.263498 Step 10 of 10 From equation (1) Rsin 14.76°= 213.81 N 213.81N R= — sin 14.76° R= 839.22 N 2.043Ps | Step 1 of 10 2.43RP Step 2 of 10 Given that, The forces actitig on the gusset plate # = 200 Ib F,=400 1b B= 3001b F, = 300 lb Step 3 of 10 For & = 200 Ib: The x component of the force 4, #, =-# A, = —200 Ib The y component of the force , Step 4 of 10 For F, = 400 Ib: The x component of the force #,, 4, =F, (3) 4 A, = 400() [F,= 32018] Step 5 of 10 The y component of the force #,, &,=-% (2) #,, = —400 (2) Step 6 of 10 For & = 300 Ib: The x component of the force, A= & (2) 3 &, = 300 (2) [A = 180 0] Step 7 of 10 The » component of the force &, R= a($) R,= 300( 2) [= 2401] Step 8 of 10 For & = 300 Ib: The x component of the force #,,4%,--%, The y component of the force #,, Step 9 of 10 Let R,and R, are the x andy components of the total resultant force R The x component of the resultant force, R, = 7, +4, +h, +%, R, = -200 +320+180- 300 R,=0 The y component of the resultant force, R, = A, +A, +H, +A, R, =0-240+240+0 R,=0 Step 10 of 10 The resultant force, R= JR +R This showrs that the resultant force i¢ zero[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.044P Draw the system of forces acting at a point as shown below. F,=500N Step 2 of 5 Express the force F, as a Cartesian vector as shown below. F, =F, xcos¢i+ F xsingj Substitute 30° for g in the above equation. F, = F,xcos30°%+ Fx sin30°j =(0.866F, i+ (0.5F,)j Step 3 of 5 Express the force F, as a Cartesian vector as shown below. F, = (-650xcos53.13°)i + (650xsin53.13°)j = [+3901 +519.99j] N Express the force F, as a Cartesian vector as shown below. F, = 500x cos 45° - 500 xsin 45°) F, = [353.5i-353.5j) N Step 4 of 5 Calculate the resultant vector for the three force vectors as shown below. F, =F, +F, +F, Substitute the known values in the above equation. F, = [0.8667 +0.5F j] +[-390i + 519.99j] + [353.5i-353.5]] =[(0.866F, -36.5)i +(0.5F, +166.49) j] Step 5 of 5 Calculate the magnitude of the resultant as shown below. Fy = y(0.866F, —36.5)° +(0.5F, +166.49)° Substitute 400 N for F,, we get 400 = (0.8668, -36.5)' +(0.5F, +166.49)° 400° = (0.866F, -36.5) +(0.5F +166.49)° 160000 = (0.75F; - 63.218F, + 1332.25) +(0.25F} +166.49F, +27718.92) O= F +103.272F, -130948.83 Solve the above quadratic equation, yields F, = 313.89 N and ignore the negative value. Therefore, the magnitude of the force F is|313.89 NStep 1 of 10 Draw the free body diagram of the system. y-axis 2.44RP Step 2 of 10 Draw the schematic diagram resolving forces for F, along x and y direction. Fi, x Step 3 of 10 Resolve the x component of the force Ff - A, = Fsin? Substitute §00 N for Ff and 20° for@. F,, = 500sin 20° =I71N Resolve the y component of the force F, F, =F cos@ Substitute 500 N for F and 20° forg. F,, = 500cos 20° = 469.85 N =470N Step 4 of 10 Draw the schematic diagram resolving the forces for 400 N force along x and y direction. F, 30° Deecwcenewceeeceneee sph F, x Step 5 of 10 Resolve the x component of the force Fy. F,, = F,00s@ Substitute, 400 N for F, and 30° for@. F,, = 400cos 30° =346.41N Resolve the y component of the force Ff. Fi, =F,sin@ Substitute, 400 N for F, and 30° for @. F,, = 400sin 30° =200N Step 6 of 10 Draw the schematic diagram resolving forces for 600 N force along x and y direction F,;=600N Step 7 of 10 Resolve the x component of the force f, . 4 B= Ax 3x 3X Substitute, -600 N for Ki F, =-600%4 =~480 N Resolve the y component of the force FB : 3 Fy a Bxe Substitute, 600 N for F; . F, =600x2 =360N Step 8 of 10 Calculate the x component of the resultant force (8,) R= Ft Pa t Fy Substitute, 171 N for ®,, 346.41 N for F,, and 480 N for F,, . R, =171.014 346.41 - 480 =37.41N Calculate the y component of the resultant force ( R,) . R, =F, + Fy + By Substitute, 470 N for F,,. 200 N for F,, and 360.N for F,, . R, = 470+ 200 + 360 =1030N Step 9 of 10 Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force ( R). Substitute 37.42 N for R, and 1030 N for R, . R= \(37.42)' +(1029.85Y =1030.679 N =1030.68 N Therefore, the resultant force acting on the ring (R) is [1030.68 N Step 10 of 10 Calculate the angle made by the resultant. Substitute 1030 N for R, and 37,42 N for R, - 1030 37.42 =87,91° = 88° g=tan' Therefore the angle made by the resultant with the horizontal (¢) isStep 1 of 5 Draw the free body diagram for the force system. y F,= 500N Step 2 of 5 Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, =(F.xcos¢)i+(Fxsin¢)j Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F,= -( 65042) 1+( 650% \i 5 5 = [-390i+520j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = (500% cos 45)°i -(500xsin 45°) j = [353.51-353.5j] N Stop 3 of 5 Calculate the resultant vector F, =F, +F, +h =[F}xcosgi— F xsin 9 j]+[-390i + 520 j]+[353.51-353.5 j] F, =[(F xcos¢-36.5)i +(-F xsing + 166.5) j] Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force. F, = (F xcos$—36.5) +(—F xsing +1665) Step 4 of 5 The resultant act along u axis, therefore tan 45° =f Fx — ne Rr Fi =F, Substitute ((F xcos¢)- 36.5) for F,, and((-F, xsin g)+166.49) for Fp, . -F.xsing + 166.49 = F x cos ¢-36.5 For minimum value ¢ should be 45° —F,xsin 45° + 166.5 = F, xcos45° 36.5 F=143.5N Therefore, the magnitude of force (A) is[}43.5 N]- Step 5 of 5 Substitute 143.5 N for F, in equation (1) to calculate magnitude of the resultant force Fy. Fy = (143.5% 00s 45°—36.5)° +(-143.5xsin 45°+ 166.5)" =91.9N Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant and force (F,) is|91.9 N}. “| 2.045P» | Step 1 of 3 2.45RP Draw the free body diagram of the given system, F.=30kN Step 2 of 3 Calculate the x - component of the force F, using. F,, = F,cos(270° - 30°) Substitute 30 KN for F; in the above equation, F,, = -30cos(270° - 30°) =-I5KN Calculate the y - component of the force F, using. Fy =F sin(270° -30°) Substitute 30 kN for F in the above equation, F,, = 30sin(270° - 30°) = -25.98 kN Find the Cartesian vector form of the force. F=FA+K J = (-151-25.98}) KN Therefore the Cartesian vector form of the force F, is |(-15i - 25.98) kN] . Step 3 of 3 Calculate the x - component of the force F, using. F.=-F(3) ‘ “X13 Substitute 26 KN for F, in the above equation. fr, =-26( 5) 13 =-10kN Calculate the y - component of the force F, using. 12 Ff, =F) = * (3) -26{12) 13 =24KN Find the Cartesian vector form of the force F,. F=Fi+F,) = (-10i+24j) kN Therefore the Cartesian vector form of the force F, is |( 245) kN] -[ 1 Step 1 of 4 2.046P Given force system = 500N Step 2 of 4 Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = F.xcos git F xsin pj Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, =-650x cos 53_13°% + 650x sin 53.13°j F, =[-390i+519.99j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 500xcos 45° — 500 xsin45°j F, =([353.5i—353.5j] N Step 3 of 4 Calculate the resultant vector F,=K+F,+F, = [Ax cos gi + F xsin pi]+[-390i + 519.994] +[353.5i-353.5j] F, =[(Axcos ¢-36.5)i+ (A xsin 6+ 166.49) i] Calculate the magnitude of the resultant Fy =\(Axcos$-36.5) +(Axsingtl6649P a a The resultant act along u axis, so fi, tan 45° = Fy Step 4 of 4 Thus, Fixsing+16649=Fxcos$-365 00 ces Q) Substitute the value F, = 600 Nand Fixsin¢+166.49 = F xcos §—36.5 in equation (1), we get 600 = ( Fxcos #365) +(R xcosp-36.5) 600 = [2(A xcos-36.5) F,xcos ¢ = 460.76 Substitute the value F, xcos ¢= 460.76 in equation (2), we get F,xsin $+ 166.49 = 460.76—36.5 A xsin ¢ = 257.77 But we know that tan p= F,xsing Fxcosg -) 257.77 460.76 @ = 29.22° Substitute the value ¢ = 29.22° in equation (2), we get Fxsin 29.22° + 166.49 = F xcos 29.22° -36.5 F =527.99N Therefore, the magnitude of the force and direction are and ¢=tans | Step 1 of 2 2.A46RP Fast Step 2 of 2 Position vector of the AB, AB = 50sin 204+ 50cos 209 - 35k = (17. +47] - 35) Magnitude, AB = |AB| = f{(17.1)" +(47)? +(-35)" =61f Unit vector of AB, hap oe AB _ 1714475 - 35k 61 Force vector along AB F=Fhay _ 350(17.1i+.47j- 35k) - 61 = (98. i +269.7j— 200.8) IbStep 1 of 3 Draw the resultant force in parallelogram system, Step 2 of 3 Keep the F, force at point A parallel to OC, Divide the components of the force F, at point A, F, = Ficos¢ F, =F sing From the triangle ODB, Apply Pythagoras theorem for the above triangle, 2 . 2 Fp = (Ft Fcosg) +(Fising) =F} +F' cos’ ¢+2FF, cos¢+F’ sin’ ¢ = Fi (sin? $+ cos’ g)+ F + 2K F, cosg =F? +F2+2FF,cos¢ FaayFi + Fp +2. osg Therefore the magnitude of the resultant force | f= [re +F) +2FF, cos¢ Step 3 of 3 Calculate the direction of the resultant force with horizontal, From the triangle ODB, tan @ = — OD __Fising F,+Fcos¢ Therefore the directions of the resultant force areStep 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Given , F,=30N #,=15N B=50N @, = 30°(with y-axis) 8, =45°+ 30° = 75° (With x-axis) @, = 45° (With x- axis) Step 3 of 5 Force vector of the Fi, Fy = 80(—sin 61+ cos 8j) = 80 (- sin 30% +c0s 30j) = —40i+ 69.3] Force vector of the Fo, F, = 75(cos 75% +sin 75°) =19.41i+72.4j Force vector of the Fa, F; = 50(cos45%+sin 4599) = 35.351 + 35.35 Step 4 of 5 The resultant, F'=F, +F, = (-40i+ 69.3) +(35.351+4 35.35j) =—4,6451+104.65j Total resultant, Fy = F'+F, = 4.6451 +104. 65j+19.4114+72.44j = 14.7651 +177.093 Step 5 of 5 Magnitude of the Fr, Fy = Fa = f(14.765)" +(177.09)° Direction, 6= (2) (Fa), - tan) 14.765 = 85.2° [a= 85.2>| “| 2.47RP[ 1 Step 1 of 3 2.048P Given force system Step 2 of 3 Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, =F xcos git Fxsingj Substitute 30° for ¢ and 600 N for F, , we get F, = 600x cos 30° + 600x sin 30°j F, =[519.61i +300j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 500 cos 60° — 500 x sin 60°j F, =[250i-433j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, =—450x cos 53.13°% —450x sin 53.13°j F, =[-270i1-359.9j] N Step 3 of 3 Calculate the resultant vector F,=K +E, +E = [519.611 +3003] + [250i — 433j] +[-270i -359.9j] F, =[499.61--492.93] Calculate the magnitude of the resultant F, = V499.6 +492. 97 F, =701.82N Find the direction of the resultant with x axis 492.9 tan @ = ———_ 499.6 -1 492.9 499.6 @=44.61° Therefore the magnitude and direction of the resultant force are | F, = 701.82 N| and 6 = 44 61° @=tanStep 1 of 6 Given K = 20kN F, =40kN F, = 50kN 8, = 60° Step 2 of 6 ACK Step 3 of6 Angle between SOkKN and x — axis 3 tan @, =— & 4 8, = 36.87° Angle between 40kN and x — axis 1 tan 6, =- & 1 6, =45° Step 4 of 6 x — Component of the resultant +R, = DF, = 50.cos 36.87°- 20co0s 60°+ 40 cos 45° =58,28kN R, =58.28kKN y — Component of the resultant force +TR,=DE, = 50 sin 36.87°— 20sin 60°—40 sin 45° R, =-15.6eN Step 5 of 6 Resultant, R = fr? +R2 = (58.28) +(-15.6) = 60.33KN R = 60.33kN Step 6 of 6 IR. Direction, 6 = tan RI Rl 6=tan” [15.6] 58.28 = 14.98° “| 2.48RP[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.049P Draw the free body diagram of the force system. y F,=450N Step 2 of 5 Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, =(F.xcos¢)i+(F xsing)j Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 500xcos 60° - 500 xsin 60°j F, =[250i-433j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = -450xcos(53.13°)i - 450xsin(53.13°)j F, = [-2701-359.9j] N Step 3 of 5 Calculate the resultant vector F, =F, +F,+F, =[F xcosgi + F xsin pj]+[250i-433j]+[-270i -359.9j] F, =[(F xcos ¢ - 20)i+(F; xsing-792.9)j] Calculate the magnitude of the resultant F, =F xcosg—20) +(Fxsing—792.9)° ~---- (1) The resultant act at @ = 39° measured clockwise from the positive x axis, so F, tan30° =-—_™ Few 0.577 Fay = Fry Substitute F xcos¢—20 for F,, , and F, xsing-792.9 for Fp, -0.577 (F, xcos¢ - 20) = F, xsing- 792.9 ...... (2) Step 4 of 5 Substitute 600 N for F, . and [-0.577(F, xcos¢- 20)] for [(A xsing-792.9) | in equation (1). Fy =y(F xcosé-20) +(Fxsing-792.9)° 600 = (F, xcos¢- 20)' +(0.577(F; xcosé- 20))" 600? =(F xcos¢— 20)" +0.333(F xcos¢— 20) F,x(cos¢) = 539.68 Substitute 539.68 for F, xcos¢ in equation (2). -0.577( F, xcos¢ - 20) = Fi xsing - 792.9 -0.577 (539.68 - 20) = F xsin g - 792.9 Fxsing = 493.04 Step 5 of 5 Calculate the angle ¢ . tang= Fxsing Fixcos¢ Substitute 493,04 for (F xsing) and §39,68 for (F xcosp) 4 #304) $= tan (ea $=42.414° Substitute 42.4149 for ¢ in equation (2). -0.577(F, xcos $= 20) = F xsing-792.9 -0.577( F, cos 42.414° — 20) = (F; sin 42.414°- 792.9) F, = 730.988 N Therefore, the magnitude of the force, direction are [730.988 N]| and [42.4149] .» | Step 1 of 4 2.49RP Free body diagram: Step 2014 Given that, Force exerted by the cord on the plate at A, # = 340 1b Position vector of A, OA = 81+95 Position vector of B, OB = 12k Let F be the Cartesian vector form in the cord AB Let AB be the length of the cord Step 3 of 4 Position vector of AB, AB=OB-OA AB =(12k)-(81+9j) AB =—8i-5j +12k Length of the cord, |AB|= ,/(-8)’ + (-9)* + (12)° JAB] = 289 LAB = 17 ft Step 4 of 4 Cartesian vector form ofthe force, F = F- AB [AB| p40 | SoS | 7 F = 20(-8i-9j +12k) IF = (-160i-180j + 240k) Ib» | Step 1 of 10 2.050P Step 2 of 10 Given that, The resultant force is directed vertically upward and has a magnitude of 800 N R=Rk ” R, =300N R,=0 Step 3 of 10 Step 4 of 10 For &: The x component of the force 4, ®, = & sin€ The y component of the force R, My =H cosd Step 5 of 10 Step 6 of 10 For Fy: The x component of the force 7, %, =400 cos 30° #, =346.41N The y component of the force F,, Hy = 400sin 30° F, = 200 N Step 7 of 10 Step 8 of 10 For &: The x component of the force, A, =F (2) 5 4 A, = ~«on(2) K, = -480N The y component of the force %, A,=% (2) 3 Ry = 600x2 K, =360N Step 9 of 10 Let Rand 2, are the x andy components of the resultant force R R= Ry +h, t+, O= Asin d + 46.41 -480 Asin 8=133.59 N ql) Acosé R= Ay thy thy 800 = F, cos 8+ 200 + 360 Fcos@= 240 N Q) Step 10 of 10 )) From a we get (2) — 133.59 240 i = 29.1° tan @ From equation (1) Asin 29.1°= 133.59 N Re 133.59Step 1 of 10 Draw the free body diagram of the system. y-axis 2.051P Step 2 of 10 Draw the schematic diagram resolving forces for F, along x and y direction F x Cea cceecrccccessecccescosccossnacsces 9X Step 3 of 10 Resolve the x component of the force F). F, = F,sind Substitute 500 N for Ff and 20° forg@ F,, = 500sin 20° =171N Resolve the y component of the force F; F, = Fcose Substitute 500 N for F, and 20° forg F,, =500cos 20° = 469.85 N =470N Step 4 of 10 Draw the schematic diagram resolving the forces for 400 N force along x and y direction. Step 5 of 10 Resolve the x component of the force F,. F,, = F,cos0 Substitute, 400 N for F, and 30° for g. F,,, = 400cos 30° =346.41N Resolve the y component of the force F,. F,, = F,sin@ Substitute, 400 N for F, and 30° for g F,, = 400sin 30° =200N Step 6 of 10 Draw the schematic diagram resolving forces for 600 N force along x and y direction. F,;=600N Step 7 of 10 Resolve the x component of the force Fy. 4 Fy, =Fyx = 6 RS Substitute, -600 N for F, - F, = ~600x4 =—-480N Resolve the y component of the force F. 3 Fy Exe Substitute, 600 N for Fy - 3 Fr, = 600% =360N Step 8 of 10 Calculate the x component of the resultant force (R,) - RL =F, + Fi, +Fi, Substitute, 171 N for Fy, 346.41 N for F;, and —480 N for Fy . R, =171.014+346.41-480 =3741N Calculate the y component of the resultant force (R,) R= F,+h, +B, Substitute, 470 N for F,. 200 N for F;, and 360 N for F,, . R, = 470+ 200 + 360 =1030 N Step 9 of 10 Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force (R). r= (Ry +(R,) Substitute 37.42 N for R, and 1030 N for R, . R= (37.42) +(1029.85)' =1030.679 N =1030.68 N Therefore, the resultant force acting on the ring (8) is}1030.68 N|- Step 10 of 10 Calculate the angle made by the resultant. =tan' q R, Substitute 1030 N ‘or R, and 37.42 N for R, 1030 37.42, =87.91° = 88° ¢@=tan" Therefore the angle made by the resultant with the horizontal (¢) is :[ 7 Step 1 of 6 2.052P Represent the figure, showing two forces acting at point A. z FE Step 2 of 6 Resolve the force, F, into its components. F,, =(F, cos 50°}cos 30° Substitute 60 Ib for F . F,, =(60 cos 50°) cos 30° = (38.56) cos 30° = 33.4 lb F,, =(F, cos 50°)sin 30° =(60xc0s50°)sin 30° =19.28 Ib F, = Fsin50° F,, = 60sin 50° = 45.96 Ib Write the force F in vector form. F=F,i+8,j+ Fk =-33.41+19.28j-45.96k Here, F,..A,, are negative, since they are acting in negative x and z direction. Step 3 of 6 Consider the equation for resultant force. F, =F, +F, Substitute {-100k} Ib for F, and (F,,1+F,,j+A.k) for F, 01 +0j- 100k = (-33.4i + 19.28] - 45.96k) +(F,,1+F,,j+ 4k) 0i+0j-100k = (-33.4+ F,,)i +(19.28 + F,)i +(F, -45.96)k se (1) Equate the coefficients of gj in equation (1). F,,-33.4=0 F,, =33.4 Ib Step 4 of 6 Equate the coefficients of j in equation (1). 19.2847, =0 F,, =-19.28 Ib Equate the coefficients of in equation (1). F,, -45.96 = -100 F,, = -100+45.96 = -54.04 Ib Write the force F, in vector form. F, =(33.4i-19.28 j-54.04k) Ib Step 5 of 6 Calculate the magnitude of F, using the following equation R-(R+ReR = ¥(33.4)' +(-19.28)° +(-54.04y" = 66.4 Ib Therefore, the magnitude of force F, is [66.4 Ib Consider equation for vector force F, : F,,i+ 7, i+ A,k = F, cosa, i+ F, cos £,j+ F, cosy,k ...... (2) Equate the coefficients of 4 in equation (2). F,, = F,cosa F, =cos7| “2+ @, = COS ; (# “1 (24) =cos'| —— 66.4 = 598° Step 6 of 6 Equate the coefficients of j in equation (2). F, = Fcosp F, oll - cos" =1928) 66.4 = 106.88° Equate the coefficients of in equation (2). R= Froosy J, = 008" (5) F, Therefore, the coordinate direction angles of force F, : a, is 59.891 . B, is 11079] and y, is |144°| .Step 1 of 7 “| 2.053P Given: Resultant force #, should be as small as possible. Step 2 of7 J4kN 45° SKN Step 3 of7 Step 4 of 7 Resolving force #, in x and y components A, = 8kN fy =0 Resolving force & in x and y components R, = —% cos 30 —14cos30 = 7-12.12 Ry = ¥, sin 30 Resolving force # in x and y components B,=-F cos 45 #,=-F sin 45 Step 5 of 7 We know that F, = 4+ #, +, =-Fcos45+8-12.12 =-Fcos45—-4 12 Also, Fy = 4, +H, +4, =F sin45+0+7 =F sin45+7 Weknow that #3 = Fa +Fy =(-Fcos45-4.12)' +(-F sin 45+7)° = F* cos? 4544.12? +5,.827F + F? sin?45 +77 - 9.8997 = F?-4.072F +65.974 > (1) Step 6 of 7 Since F, is as small as possible i.e equal to zero. So by doing derivation of #, with respect to F equal to zero, i.e ai dF s(# -4.072F + 65.974) =0 aF 2F-4.072=0 pore 2 = 2.036KN .. The force is =0 Step 7 of 7 Now, substitute the * value in equation (1) FR = 2.036" - 4.072(2.036)+65.974 F, = V61.829 =7.86kN .. The resultant force is |, = 7.86kN[ 7 Step 1 of 5 2.054P Draw the force diagram. y F, Step 2 of 5 Resolve the force F, along x and y directions. F, =F, xcos¢i—F, xsin dj Resolve the force F, along x and y directions. F, = 450xcos 45° + 450x sin 45°j F, = [318.195 +318.19j] N Resolve the force F, along x and y directions. F, = 200xcos 0° + 200xsin0°%j F, = [200-0j] N Write the resultant force vector. F, =F, +F,+F, =[F xcos gi F, xsin j]+ [200i - Oj] +[318.191+ 318.19j] Fa =[(Fixcos¢ + 518.19)i+(-Axsin 6 +318.19)j]N Step 3 of 5 Calculate the magnitude of resultant force from the following relation. Fy = y(F xcos$+518.19) +(-F, xsing+318.19) —-- (1) F,= Fee +Fye From the diagram, the resultant force act at @ = 30° with x axis along the positive x’ axis. F, tan30° =-_® Few 0.577 Fy, = Fry -0.577(F,x cos +518.19) =-F,xsing+ 318.19 ...... 2) Substitute 1 KN for F, and -0.577(F, xcos ¢ + 518.19) for (-F, x sing + 318.19) in equation (1). IkN =(F xcosg+518.19) +(-0.577(F, xcos ¢-+ 518.19)" (1000 N)’ = (F xcos¢+ 518.19)’ +0.333(F; xcosg+518.19)° 1000? = 1.333(F; xcos ¢+ 518.19)" 750187.5469 = (F,xcos¢+ 518.19)" 866.1336 = Fx cosg +518.19 F, cos ¢ = 347.94N ...... (3) Step 4 of 5 Substitute 347.94 N for F cos¢ in equation (2). —0.577(347.94+ 518.19) =(-F xsin 6+ 318.19) 499.757 = (-F, xsing+318.19) F,xsin g = 499.757 4 318.19 F, sing =817.95N Consider the following relation. - ising tang= Fcosd Substitute 817.95 N for F, sing and 347.94 N for F.cos¢ . 1 817.95 347.94 $= 66,95° g=tan Step 5 of 5 Calculate the angle made by the force F, with x’ axis from the following relation. O=¢-30° Substitute 66,95° for ¢ in the relation. = 66.95° — 30° = 36.95° Substitute the value 66.95° for in equation (3). F,xcos¢= 347.94 F, 00866.95° = 347,94 F, =888.657 N Therefore, the magnitude of the force F, is |888.657 N| and its angle with x’ axis is @= 36.95°].[ 1 Step 1 of 4 2.055P Given force system Step 2 of 4 Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = F xcos¢i- F xsingj Substitute 300 'N for ¥, and 50° for ¢ F, =300xcos50% — 300xsin 50°j k= [192.84i - 229.8 \j] N Resolve the forceF, into x and y direction F, =450x cos 45%+450xsin 4594 F, =[318.191+318.19j] N Resolve the force F, into x and y direction F, = 200x cos 0° + 0§ F, = [200i- 0j] N Step 3 of 4 Calculate the resultant vector KF, =, +F,+F = [192.84i1—229.81j] + [318.191 +318.19§]+[200i—0j] F, = [711.741 +88.38j] Calculate the magnitude of the resultant F, = V7? +8838" Fy = 717.16 N Find the direction of the resultant with x axis 88.38 mo = tan? 88:38 TT o=707° Step 4 of 4 Calculate the angle measured from x’ axis $=8+30° = 7.07°+ 30° ¢=37.07° Therefore the magnitude and direction of the resultant force are | F, = 717.16 N| and $= 37.07°[ 1 Step 1 of 6 2.056P Draw the bracket and show the applied forces as follows: y Step 2 of 6 Calculate the x component of force F, as follows: 5 B, = Fx 6 EA Substitute $2 Ib for Fy - 5 Fy, =52x= 13 = 201b Calculate the y component of the force , as follows: 12 By = Axe Substitute 52 Ib for Fy . 12 F,, =52x= » “3B = 48 Ib Step 3 of 6 Resolving force F; in x and y components as follows: F,, =801b F,=0 Resolving force F, in x component which makes a angle 25° with the x axis. Fa, = 5000825 = 45.315Ib Resolving force F, in y component which makes a angle 25° with the x axis. Fy, = ~50sin 25° = -21.13 Ib Step 4 of 6 Calculate the x-component of F, as follows: Fre = Fi + Fay + Pry Substitute 45,315 Ib for F,. . 80 Ib for F, . and 20 Ib for Fy, . 45.315 =80+ F, +20 F,, = 54.685 Ib Calculate the y-component of F, as follows: Fa, = Fi, + Fy, + By Substitute 0 for Fy 21.13 Ib for Fy, , and 48 |b for fy, : -21.13=0-F,, +48 F,, = 69.13 Ib Step 5 0f6 Calculate the resultant of force F, as follows: F,-JF+F, Substitute 69.13 Ib for Fy and -$4.685 Ib for F;, . F, = y(-54.685)" +(69.13)" = V7769.406 = 88.141b Therefore, the force F, is Step 6 of 6 Calculate the angle @ as follows: F, sin[90°-(6+25)°] =F, Substitute 88,1 Ib for F, and 69,13 Ib for Fy : 88.1sin[90-(0 +25) ]= 69.13 . 69.13 sin[90-(6+25)] = SET 90 -(04+28)=sin'( 22) 88.1 6=13.31° Therefore, the angle made by force F, is[ 1 Step 1 of 6 2.057P Given: Force, F, = 1501b Angle made with « axis = 55° Step 2 of 6 Step 3 of 6 Resolving force # inx and y components A,=% xs (where & = 521b) = 52x 13 Step 4 of 6 Resolving force A in x and y components A, = 80lb A, =0 Resolving force F, inx and y components which makes a angle 80° with the x axis F, =150 cos 80 = 26.04 &, =-150sin80 = -147.72 Step 5 of 6 We know that F, = 4, +, +4, = 80+26.04 +20 = 126.04 And Fy =F, +h, +B, =0-147.72+48 =-99.72 From the equation, #, = fF +Fy = «f(126.04)" +(-99.72)° = 160,721b .. The resultant force is |F, = 160.721b Step 6 of 6 £, Now, tan g= = Py 5, é=tant$ & tan-! 99.72 126.04 = tan“ (0.7911) = 38.3? .. The angle made by resultant force is [o= 38.3][ 7 Step 1 of 5 2.058P Draw the free body diagram. Step 2 of 5 Consider F, to be the resultant force. Consider the forces acting along the positive x and y directions to be positive. Resolve the resultant force in the x direction. F,, =F. +F, +B, Here, F,, is the x component of the resultant force acting along the w axis, F,, . F,, . and F,, are the components of the forces F, : F, , and K, along the x direction. Substitute the components of the forces acting along x direction. F,, =F, +h, +8, 450cos30° = F, sing + 200+ 260( 5) _ “1 389.71 =F, sing + 300 F sin g = 89.71 Step 3 of 5 Resolve the resultant force in the y direction. F,, = F, +F,,+F, Here, F, : B, , and F,, are the components of the forces F, , F, , and F, along the y direction Substitute the components of the forces acting along y direction. F,, =F, +F, +8, «ang 12 450sin 30° = F, cos¢ — 260) — 13) (2) 225 =F, cos$-240 F,cos¢ = 465 Step 4 of 5 Divide the equation (1) by (2). Ksing _ 89.71 F,cos¢ | “465 tan g = 0.1929 ¢=10.9° Therefore, the direction of the force, F, is : Step 5 of 5 Substitute 19,9° for ¢ in equation (1). F sin g = 89.71 F,sin10.9° = 89.71 F = 474.4N Therefore, the magnitude of the force, Fis |474.4N] .[ 1 Step 1 of 6 2.059P Draw the schematic figure showing resultant force acting on the bracket. Step 2 of 6 Write the horizontal component of force F, when it makes an angle 39° with y axis F,, = Fjsin30° Write the vertical component of force F, when it makes an angle 30° with y axis. Fy = Fcos30° Since force F, is acting along x axis, it has only horizontal component. Fy, = 200N Find the horizontal component of the force Fy from figure. Rye Axe Substitute, 260 N for Fy . 5 Fy Py =260x—- 13 =100N Step 3 of 6 Find the vertical component of the force Fy from figure. 12 Fy =x Substitute, 260 N for Fy, Py SP 12 =-260x— 13 =-240N Find the resultant forces acting along x axis using, Fre = Fig t Fast Pye Here, F,, is the component of force F, along x-axis, F;, is the component of force F, along x-axis and, F,, is the component of force F, along x-axis. Substitute, F, sin 30° for F,,,200N for F,, and, 100 N for Fy, . Fre = Fic + Fay + Fax = F,sin30°+200+100 = F,sin30° +300 Step 4 of 6 Find the resultant forces acting along y axis. Fry = Fiy + Fay — Pay Here, Fy is the component of force F, along y-axis and, Fy is the component of force F, along y-axis. Substitute, F, cos 30° for Fy _ ON for Pry and, 240 N for Fy Fry = Fly + Fay — Pay = F,cos30°+ 0-240 Step 5 of 6 Find the resultant force using, Fa = Fa. + Fy Here, Fp, is the horizontal component of reaction force and, Fry is the vertical component of reaction force. Substitute, F sin 30° +300 for Fr, and, F cos 30° — 240 for Fry. in the equation, Fa = FR, + Fe, =(F;sin30° +300)’ +(F, cos 30°- 240)” = Fi sin? 30° +300? +600F; sin 30° + F;? cos” 30° + 240? - 480F, cos 30° =F? (1)+ F(-115.69)+147600 Step 6 of 6 Find the minimum F, by derivative with respect to Fj and equal it to zero. da ar, d dF, 2F, -115.69=0 F, = 57.845 N (Fa)=9 (F? -115.69F; +147600) =0 Therefore, magnitude of force F; is obtained as Substitute 57.845 N for F, in equation (1). Fj = F? -115.69F, + 147600 = (57.845)” -115.69(57.845)+147600 Fy = ¥144253.956 = 379.8 N Therefore, resultant force F, is obtained as |379.8N| .Step 1 of 4 Draw the force system: 60 N 45° (ls \ Step 2 of 4 Find the coordinate direction angle £ cos’ a +cos” B+ cos’ y =1 Substitute 60° for a@ and 45° for y cos” 60°+cos’ 8 +cos’ 45°=1 0.25+co0s? B+0.5=1 cos? £ =1-0.5-0.25 cos? B= 0.25 B=cos"0.5 B=180°- 60° =120° Step 3 of 4 Therefore, coordinate direction angle with positive y-axis is . Step 4 of 4 Express the force in Cartesian vector: F = Fcosai+ F cos Bj+ Fcosyk Substitute 60 N for F, 60° for @ , 120° for B , and 4§° fory. F = Fcosai+ F cos Bj+ Fcosyk = 60x cos 60° + 60x cos 120°j + 60x cos 45° F = 301 -30j+ 42.43k Therefore, the force vector is, 30i —30j + 42.43k “| 2.060PStep 1 of 6 Step 2 of 6 ds-component ofthe force #) = 80 1b ts (F,), = 80 cos 30° cos40° = 53.07 Ib Ecomponent of the force 80 Ib (F,), =-80 cos 30° sin 40° 1 =~ 44.53 Ib Step 3 of 6 Z-component of the force 80 Ib (7), = 80 sin 30° = 40 lb So vector form of the 80 Ib R= (4) i+(4), 5+(A) k = (53.07 1-44.53 j+40k) Ib F, = (53.07 1-44.53 +40 k)lb Step 4 of 6 A-component of the force F, = 130 lb is (%), = Fcomponent ofthe force F = 130 lb (*), =0 Z-component of the force F, = 130 Ib (F,), =-130 Ib So vector form F, =-130k Step 5of6 Resultant vector, F, =F, +F, = 53.071 - 44.53} +40k-130k = (53 071i - 44.53 j-90 k) lb Magnitude of the resultant = Fa = (53.07) + (44.53) +(-90Y" = 1143.6 Ib F,=113616 Step 6 of 6 Direction of the cosines “| 2.061PU srep 1 oF 10 2.062P Draw tne ‘ree body diagram. Step 2 of 10 Resolve the force F, along the xy plane. (F),, =F,c0s30° Substitute 80 Ib for F, (F),, =80¢0s30° = 69.282 Ib The component of the force F, along x direction is as follows: (F), =(F),, cos40” Substitute 69.282 Ib for (F,),, (F), = 69.282xcos40? =$3.11b The component of the force F, along y direction is as follows: (F), = -(F),,sin40° Substitute 69,282 Ib for (Fi), (F,), =-69.282 sin 40° =—44.5 Ib The component of the force F, along z direction is as follows: (F,), =F,sin30° Substitute 80 Ib for F, (F), =80sin30° = 40 Ib Step 3 of 10 Write the magnitude of the force F, . Substitute $3.1 1b fr (F,), » 44.5 Ib tor (F,), .and 40 Ib for (F), - F, =(53.11-44.5j+40k) Ib Therefore, the Cartesian vector form of the force, F, is |(53.13 44.5j+40k) Ib] . Step 4 of 10 Calculate the direction cosine of the force F, in the x direction. @, =cos" oo) rl Substitute $3.1 Ib for (F,), and [53.17 +(44.5) +(40°) Ib for |F| - Therefore, the direction cosine of the force F, inthe x direction is Step 5 of 10 Calculate the direction cosine of the force F, in the y direction. off Fl Substitute 44,5 tb for (F,), and [53.12 + (44.5 +(40°) Ib tr |FI. Therefore, the direction cosine of the force F, in the ¥ direction is Step 6 of 10 Calculate the direction cosine of the force F, in the z direction. onli Substitute 40 Ib for (Fi), and fs3. Pc +(-44.57° +(40") Ib for |Fl : = 60° Therefore, the direction cosine of the force F, inthe z direction is . Step 7 of 10 Write the x component of the force F, (F,), =0 Write the ¥ component of the force F, . (F, ) =0 Write the z component of the force F, (F,), = -130 ib Write the magnitude of the force, F, . F, =(F,),i+(F,),5+(F,), k Substitute 0 for (F,), 0 for (F,), and -130 Ib for ( ). F, =(0)i+(0)j-130k =-130k Ib Therefore, the Cartesian vector form of the force, F, is . Step 8 of 10 Calculate the direction cosine of the force F, in the x direction =cos'[0] =90° Therefore, the direction cosine of the force F, in the x direction is Step 9 of 10 Calculate the direction cosine of the force F, inthe y direction. [FI Substitute 0 for (F,), and K-1307 Ib for |F,| - B, = cos" u {-130)' =cos” [0] =90° Therefore, the direction cosine of the force F, in the y direction is : Step 10 of 10 Calculate the direction cosine of the force F, in the z direction wo) Al Substitute —130 Ib for (F,), and f-130¥ Ib for IF | __ —130 Y, =¢08"'| ——— (-130) =cos"[-1] =180° Therefore, the direction cosine of the force F, in the x direction isStep 1 of 6 Step 2 of 6 Given P=80N a=60° y=45e Step 3 of 6 ‘We know that cos? a+ cos? B'tcos? y=1 cos? 60°+ cos’ B'+co0s?45°= 1 cos? P'= 0.25 cosp'=0.5 cos? B'= 60° So angle with positive y-axis B=180-6' = 180°- 60° = 120° Step 4 of 6 X-component of the force ?, F,=|F cosa =F cos60° = 80c0s 60° =40N Step 5 of 6 Z-component of the force F, F, =|Fcos ¥| = 80cos45° Step 6 of 6 Y-component of the force F, A= |F cos | F, =|80cos120>| =40N #, = 40N 2.063P~T Step 1 of 7 2.064P Given F, = (60i-50j +40k)N F, = (—40i - 85j + 30k) N Step 2 of 7 Magnitude of the # 4=|B] =8775N A= 87.750) Step 3 of 7 Direction angles og xeon" 0 87.75 = 469° af -50 A=cos (= = 124.742 B= 124.74 y= cost aa) 87.75 = 62.9° ¥ = 62.97 Step 4 of 7 Magnitude of the F, &= F,| = ,f{—40)" + (-85)? + (30y" Step 5 of 7 Direction angles G= coe" =) 98.6 Step 6 of 7 SLISN Step 7 of 7[ 7 Step 1 of 3 2.065P Draw the free body diagram of the system as follows: zZ Step 2 of 3 Calculate the angle made by the force F with the z-axis. Apply cosine rule as follows: cos’ a +cos’ f+ cos’ y =1 Here, coordinate direction angle made with x axis is @ , coordinate direction angle made with y axis is # and coordinate direction angle made with z axis is 7 . Substitute 39° fora and 79° for 8 cos” 30° + cos? (70°) + cos" y =1 0.75 + 0.1169+cos? y =1 cos’ y = 0.1331 cosy = 0.3648 7 =111.39° o¢ 68.61° Step 3 of 3 Write the Cartesian vector form of the force as follows: F = F(cosai+cos fj +cos yk) Here, force exerted by the cable on the crane is F . Substitute 250 Ib for F, 30° fora, 70° for #.111.39° for y (since the force is in third quadrant). F = 250(cos 30° + cos 70°§ +.cos 111.39°k) = (216.51+85.51j-91.178k) Therefore, the required representation of Cartesian vector form, F is |216.5i+85,51j-91.178k| -Step 1 of 6 Step 2 of 6 ¥, = 600Ib dw Step 3 of 6 Resolving into x andz components: 4 A, = Ax 5 = 600x4 5 = 480 3 =Rxi Rr= Axe = 600x2 5 = 360 Step 4 of 6 Since force does not lie on y-co-ordinate, A, =0 So, cartesian vector of Mis KE = R,t+k,j+ Ak = 4801+ 0)+360k .. The cartesian vector is |F, = 4801 + 360k Step 5 of 6 a= 60°) ae ‘ x ‘. F, Step 6 of 6 We know that cos*a@+cos? 8+cos*y=1 cos? 6=1- cos? a- cos? ¥ =1- cos? 60- cos? 120 cos S= 0.5 f= cos” (0.7071) b=45 Now, B, = 4, xii =f, (cos ai +cos {j+cos yc) = 400(cos 60i +c0s 45 +cos 120k) = 2001 +282.8427j- 200k .. The cartesian vector is |F, = 200i +283j- 200k [- w= cosaitcos Aj+cos yk] “| 2.066P[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.067P Let #, be the resultant force. Let cp, §, andy, be the direction angles made by the resultant with the coordinates axes. Step 2 of 9 Step 3 of 9 F = 600Ib Ww Step 4 of 9 Resolving into x andz components: 4 Ay = AXS = 600x4 5 = 480 R= Axe 5 3 = 600x= 5 = 360 Since force does not lie on y-co-ordinate, Ay =0 So, cartesian vector of Ais X = A,it+A,j+ Ak = 480i + 0j +360k = 480i + 360k Step 5 of 9 a= 60°) * _- x \ 5 Step 6 of 9 We know that cos?a@+cos? 8+cos?y=1 cos? 8=1-cos? a- cos? y = 1-cos? 60-cos? 120 cos f= 405 B= cos” (0.7071) p=4e Now, F, = 4, xii = F, (cos ai +cos Aj +cos yk) [-- U= cos ai tcos Aj+cos yk] = 400(cos 60i +cos 45j +cos 120k) = 200i +282.8427j- 200k Step 7 of 9 We know that FR, = i, +E, = (480i + 360k) + (200i + 282.8427} - 200k) = (480 +200)i + 282.8427) +(360- 200)k = 6801+ 282. 8427j+160k Step 8 of 9 So, Fp= Fa thy +P 680? + (282.9427) +1607 = ¥567999.99 = 753.6577 = 74 .. The magnitude of resultant force is 754 Ib Step 9 of 9 We know that E, = F)xii 680 i 282.8427 . 160 753.6577 793.6577" 783.6577 cos itcos Aj+cos yk = 0.90221+ 0.37525 +0.2122k Now, cos a= 0.9022 a= cos *(0.9022) = 25.5512 And, cos 8 =0.3752 f= cos (0.3752) = 67.9633 Also, cos y=0.2122 y=cos (0.2122) = 77.748 .. The direction angles made by the resultant with the coordinates axes are > [B= 68°] and [y= 7h cos dit cos Aj +cos yk =7s 7 Step 1 of 2 2.068P Represent the force F; in Cartesian vector form as follows: F, = F,(cos 30° -sin 30°k) Substitute 300 N for F, . F, = 300(cos30°%i - sin 30°k) = 300cos 30° - 300sin 30°k = {259,81i-150k} N Therefore, the force F, in Cartesian vector form as {259.8li-150k} NI. Step 2 of 2 Represent the force F; in Cartesian vector form as follows: F, = F, [cos 45°(sin 30° + cos 30°j) - cos 45°k Substitute 500 N for F, - F, = 500[cos-45°(sin 30° + cos30°j) -cos 45°k ] = 500(cos 45°sin 30° + cos 45°cos 30°j-—cos45°k) = 500(0.3536i + 0.6124j-0.7071) = {176.81 + 306.2j-353.55k} N Therefore, the force F, in Cartesian vector form as |{176.8i + 306.2j-353.55k} N] -[ 1 Step 1 of 2 2.069P Draw the free body diagram of the force system as shawn below: Step 2 of 2 The force F, in xy plane is F,, = 500cos 45° Calculate the magnitude of force F, in x direction: (F,), =F, sin30° =500cos 45° sin 30° =176.776N Calculate the magnitude of force F, in y direction: (A), = F,, cos30° = 500cos 45°cos 30° =306.18N Calculate the magnitude of force F, in z direction: (4), =, sin4s° = 500sin 45° =-353.55N Calculate the force vector F, by using the following equation: F,=(A), +(7), +4), = 176.7761 +306.18j - 353.55k Calculate the magnitude of force F, in x direction (A), =F c0s30° =300cos30° =259.8N Calculate the magnitude of force F, in y direction (F ), = Fcos90° ” = 300cos90° =0N Calculate the magnitude of force F, in z direction (F). = —F,sin30° =-300sin 30° =-150N Calculate the force vector F, by using the following equation: F=(F), +(4), +(A), = 259.8i+ 0j-150k Calculate the resultant force vector by using the following equation: F, =F +F, = (259.81 + 0j— 150k) + (176.7765 + 306. 18j —353.55k) = 436.5831 + 306.185 +503.55k Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force vector: Fy = {(436.583)' + (306.18)' +(503.55)" = 9190604.715 +93746.19 +8789.0625 = ¥537913.51 = 733.42N Calculate the direction angles of resultant force vector by using the following equation: Calculate the direction angle of resultant force vector along x direction by using the following equation cosd, = F FR Substitute, 436.583N for F,, 733.42N for F, <9, = 436.583N *" 733.42N cos 6, = 0.595 0, =53.46° Calculate the direction angle of resultant force vector along y direction by using the following equation F, cos8, = F, Substitute, 306,18N for F,, 733.42N for F, 30 = 306.18N * 733.42N cos8, = 0.417 8, = 65.32° Calculate the direction angle of resultant force vector along z direction by using the following equation cos8, = F Rg Substitute, 503.55 N for F,, 733.42N for F, 503.55N 0s 8. = ————— * 733.42N cos 8, = 0.6865 8, = 46.64° Therefore, The magnitude of resultant force is The direction angles of resultant force vector along x, y and z direction: The direction angles of resultant force vector 53.469). 65.32°| and 46.641Step 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Vector form ofthe A =630 Ib 7. 24 F, =630/ 0i+——j-—k 1 [vi 25) 35 } =01+176.4j-604.8k IF, = (1764 j— 604.8 k)lb Vector form ofthe # = 2501b F, = 250(cos60°i+cos 135° j + cos 60°k) =125i1-176.8j+125k F, = (1251-1768 j+125k)Ib Step 3 of 5 Resultant vector Fy =F, + F, = 176.4 j- 604.8 k+125 i-176.8j+125k = 1251-04 j-479.8k A= Fa = ,fi25? + (04) +(479.8F = 495.8 Ib 495.816 Hp Step 4 of 5 Direction angles > 125 } @=cos —— 495.8 =75.4° a= 754 Be cor '( 24) = 90° 495.8 Step 5 of 5 y=cos (=) 4958 =165.4° 65.49 “| 2.070PStep 1 of 7 Given: F=500N A =600N The resultant force #, acting along positive y-axis Step 2 of7 Step 3 of 7 Calculating values: R'= Fos 30 = 600cos 30 Fl= 519.6152 And, -A, = # sin 30 A, =—600sin 30 FR, =—300 Also, Ay = A'cos 30 = 519.6152 cos 30 Fy = 450 Also, A, = Aisin 30 = 519.6152 sin 30 = 259.8076 Step 4 of7 So, Ra Ath, ithe K = 259.80761 +450 -300k Now, Fo Fithj+ik =Foosait+Fcos Sj +F cos pk =F (cos ai +cos 8j+cos yk) Fa S500 (cos at +cos Sj +cos yk) F=0i4+Fj+0k ReaR4P = (259.8076: +450, - 300k) +(500cos ai +500 cos Bj +500yk) O:+ Fy} +0k = (259.8076 +500 cos ar} + (450+500 cos 8) j+(500cos p—300)% Step 5 of7 Equating i components: 259.8076 +500 cos a= 0 500 cos ev = —259. 8076 a=cos? —259.8076 = 00s "| S59 a&=cos"(-0.5196) a =121.3064 Step 6 of 7 Equating j components: 450+500cos S= FF, a And equating z components: 500cos y—300=0 500cosy = 300 =cos” >) r= 500 y = 53.1301 Step 7 of7 We know that cos? w+cos? 8+cos* y=1 cos” B= 1— cos” (121.3064) — cos” (53.1301) cos B= 0.37 cos S= £0,.6082 $= cos" (+0.6082) = 52.5349,127.465 But in the problem it has given that 8<90°. So, f= 52.5349 Substitute § value in equation (1) F, = 450 +500 cos (52.5349) F, = 754.139 “| 2.071P .. The angles are [w= 121°], [@=52.5°] and [y=53.1°] and magnitude is [F, = 754N[ 1 Step 1 of 7 2.072P Given that, Force applied at the top of the tower is F The component of the force along y-z plane, F'=801b Angle made by the force with 7", @=45° Step 2 of7 Step 3 of 7 We know that, #’= Fcos45° 80 = F cos 45° F=113.14 1b . The magnitude of the force is [7 =113.14 lb Step 4 of 7 Coordinate direction angle made with x - axis, @=90°-@ @=90°- 45° 5° Step 5 of7 The x — component of the force, F, = # sin 45° F,=113.14sin 45° F=801b The »— component of the force, R= F'cos60° F, = 80cos 60° F, = 40 1b The z- component of the force, #, =—-F'sin 60° 7”, = —80 sin 60° FL =-69.28 Ib Step 6 of 7 The coordinate direction angle made with y — axis, B= cos (2) _ af 40 B= cos (as Step 7 of 7 The coordinate direction angle made with z— axis, y= coe (#) F pecost —69.28 113.14 [pa terrs®[ 7 Step 1 of 3 2.073P N eu" i -1801b Se F,=501b Step 2 of 3 Resolving into Ay and A, 7 Ay = AXs5 = 50x 25 =14Ib =-Rx— A, =-F 35 = -5024 5 = 4816 And there is no force in the x-direction, so A, =0 The vectorial component of force Kis ¥, = 4,i+8,i+ Ak = 14j-48k .. The cartesian form of F, is [F, = 14j- 48 Step 3 of 3 We know that F, =—ii = F, (cos ait cos Aj+cos ak) = 180(cos60i +cos135j+cos 60k) (values arefrom the diagram) = 180 cos 601 +180 cos135j +180 cos 60k = 901 - 127.2} 490k . The cartesian form of f, is |B, = 901-1275 +90k[ 1 Step 1 of 4 2.074P F, =501b Step 2 of 4 Resolving into Ay and #, 7 =Rx— Ay = AXSS = 50x 25 = 14lb 24 A,= AXss = -50x— 25 =-48lb And there is no force in the x-direction, so A, =0 The vectorial component of force Ris = A,i+F,it+ Ak = 14j-4&k Step 3 of 4 We know that F, =5,ii = F, (cos ait cos Aj+ cos cdc) =180(cos60i+cos135j+cos60k) (valuesarefrom the di agram ) = 180 cos 601 +180c0s135j +180 cos 60k = 901 - 127.2] +90k = 901 - 1275 +90k Step 4 of 4 We also know that F, = F,+F, = (14j 48k) +(90i - 1275+ 90k) = 901 +(14 -127)j+(-48+50)k = 901-113) +42k .. The cartesian form of F, is [F, = 901-113]+42kStep 1 of 2 Draw the given force system. Step 2 of 2 Express the force ¥,in Cartesian vector form F, =( F.cos36.86° x cos 30°) i —( 5 c0s36.86°x cos60°) j+ F cos 53.13% Substitute 600 N for ,, we get “| 2.075P F, =(600x cos 36.86° x cos 30° )i— (600 cos 36.86°x cos 60° )i+ 600% cos53.13°k F, = 415.751 —240j+ 360k Magnitude of the force vector R= 415.757 +240°360? F,=600 N Calculate the coordinate direction angle y=53.13° Therefore the coordinate direction angles are(a = 46.1°], [8 =113.5°] and [y =53.13°stop of 2.076P Draw the free body of the eyebolt by representing the forces F, and Fy. Zz x Step 2 of 8 Calculate the angle @ where, the force F, makes with the x-y plane. tana= 3 4 =f) 4 =36,87° Calculate the component of force F, along x-direction. F,, = F,xcosaxcos 30° Substitute 600 N for F, and 36.87° fora. F,, = 600 x ¢0s36.87°x cos 30° = 600x0.8x 0.866 =415.69N Step 3 of 8 Calculate the component of force F, along y-direction. F,, =-F, xcosa xsin30° Substitute 600 N for Fj and 36,87° for@ F,, = -600x cos 36.87°% sin 30° = -600x 0.8x 0,5 =-240N Calculate the component of force F; along z-direction. F,, = F,xsing Substitute 600 N for F, and 36.87° fora. F,, = 600 xsin 36.87° =360N Determine the force F, in vector form. F=Fi+F,J+Rk Substitute 415,69. for F,, -240N for F,,, and 360 N for F. F, = 415.69 — 240j + 360k Step 4 of 8 Calculate the component of force F, along x-direction F,, = F, «00s90° Substitute 450 .N for F,. F,, = 450x cos 90° =0N Calculate the component of force F, along y-direction F,, = F,xcos45° Substitute 450 .N for F,. F,, = 450% cos 45° =318.19N Step 5 of 8 Calculate the component of force F, along z-direction. F,, = F,xsin 45° Substitute 450 N for F,. F,, = 450xsin 45° =318.19N Determine the force F, in vector form. F, = F,i+F,i+ Fk Substitute Q N for Fy 318.19N for F;, and 318.19N for, F, = 01+318.19}+318.19k = 318.19[+318.19k Step 6 of 8 Calculate the resultant force on the eye bolt in vector form. F, =F, +F, Substitute 415.691 — 2405+ 360k for F, and 318.19} +318.19k forF,. F,, = 415.695 — 240j + 360k + 318.19j+318.19k = 415.691 + 78.19}+678.19k Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force F, acting on the eye bolt. 2 2 2 Fy = (Fee) +(Fae) + (Fee) Substitute 415.69 N for Fy,, 78.19 N for F,, and 678.19 for Fy, . F, = (415.69)° +(78.19)’ +(678.19)° = ¥638853.52 = 799,283 N Therefore, the resultant force on the eyebolt is Step 7 of 8 Calculate the unit vector of the resultant force. Up, - * Substitute 415.694 +78.19]+678.19k for F, and 799.283 N for F,. _ 415,691 + 78.195 +678.19k we 799.283 = 0.521 + 0.098) +0.848k Determine the directional cosines of the resultant force. u,, =4 = (cosa, i+ (cosa, )j+ (cosa, )k Substitute 0.52i +0.098j+0.848k foru,, - 0.52i + 0.098 j + 0.848k = (cosa, )i+ (cos £,)j+(cos7,)k Step 8 of 8 Calculate the value of angle a. cos @, = 0.52 @, = cos (0.52) = 58.66° ‘Therefore, the direction of the resultant force with the x-axis is Calculate the value of angle B,- cos §, = 0.098 8, = cos ' (0.098) =84.37° Therefore, the direction of the resultant force with the y-axis is |g4. Calculate the value of angle y,. cos ¥, = 0.848 7% = cos" (0.848) = 32° Therefore, the direction of the resultant force with the z-axis is [329] .[ 1 Step 1 of 13 2.077P Given that, A =350N #,=100N &=250N Step 2 of 13 We know that, the Cartesian vector form of a force F = F (cos ait cos Aj + cos yk) woceeeee (1) Where &, Sand yare the coordinate direction angles made with x, y andz axis respectively Step 3 of 13 For & Step 4 of 13 Coordinate direction angle made with x — axis, a= 90° Coordinate direction angle made with» — axis, 4 =50° Coordinate direction angle made withz—axis, 4 =40° From (1) The Cartesian vector form ofa force A, F, = A(cos qi tcos Aj+cos yk) F, = 350 (cos 90% +cos S045 +cos40°%k) IF, = (224.98) + 268.11k) Ny Step 5 of 13 For Fy: Step 6 of 13 Coordinate direction angle made with x — axis, a = 45° Coordinate direction angle made with» —- axis, 4 = 60° Coordinate direction angle made withz—axis, ¥, = 120° From (1) The Cartesian vector form of force #,, F, = &,(cos ai tcos &j+cos yk) F, =100(cos 45% +c0s 60°j+cos 120°) IF, = (70.711+ 50j-50k) N Step 7 of 13 For &: Step 8 of 13 Coordinate direction angle made with x — axis, a = 60° Coordinate direction angle made with y-axis, £ =180°-45°=135° Coordinate direction angle made withz—axis, % = 60° The Cartesian vector form of force 4, F, = 4, (cos aitcos &j+cos 74k) F, = 250 (cos 60%+ cos 13559 + cos 60°) IF, = (125i - 176.78] + 125k) NI Step 9 of 13 Let R be the resultant force R-K+E,+F, R= (224,98j + 268.1 1k) + (70.7 li+ 50j - 50k) + (125i -176.78j +125k) R= (195.7 +98.2] +343.11k) NI Step 10 of 13 The magnitude of the resultant force, Ra y(R) +(R) HRY R= f(195.71)" +(98.2) + (343.117 Step 11 of 13 Coordinate direction angle made with x — axis, a 4) a,= = rp = COS (4: a a, =Ccos ( 195.71 407.02 Step 12 of 13 Coordinate direction angle made with y — axis, & = cos? (=) on 282.) Ba = cos (aa Step 13 of 13 Coordinate direction angle made with z— axis, coeStep 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 A-camponent of the F) = 80N (4),-4(3) a =64 Ycomponent of the Fy = 80N (A), = A(9) =0 Z-component of the Fj = 80 N 3 (A), a4 (2) 96 =48N Step 3 of 5 Force vector of the F) A-(4),i+(4),i+(4),k = 641+48k A = 641+48k x- Component of the F2 = 110 N (7), =o ¥-component of the Fz = 110N (*), =0 Z-component of the F2 = 110N (7), = -110N so vector component of the Fz IB, =-110k 2 Step 4 of 5 X-component of the resultant (Fa), = FP, cos 45° sin 30° = 120c0s45°sin 30° =42.43N Y¥-component of the resultant (F,), = Fy 08 (45°)(cos 30°) = 120cos45°sin 30° =7348N 2Z-component of the resultant (F,), = Fp sin 45° = 120sin 45° = 84.85N Resultant vector Fa = 42.4314 73.48] + 84.85 Resultant vector R= R+E+E So F,=*7,-K-E, = (42.431+73.48j +84.85k) + (110k) - 641 -48k = -21.571+73.48j +146.85k Step 5 of 5 B= Fs = f(21.57)' +(73.48) +(146.85)° =165.6N Direction angles, cos a= — 21.57 165.6N “| 2.078P[ 7 Step 1 0f3 2.079P R=1206 Step 2 of 3 Force vector of the Fy = 80M 4 3 R= 20{$]i+o4+20( 2) 5 5 = (64i+0j+49&)N |F,| = 64? +07 +48? =80N Direction angels Step 3 of 3 Resultant force vector Fa = Fz (cos45° sin 305% + cos 45°cos 309 +sin 45°) = 120(cos45°sin 30° + cos 45°cos 309 +sin 45%) = (42.431+73.48j +84.85k)N IF. |= (42.437 +(73.48)" +(84.85)° =120N Direction angelsstop 1 of 7 2.080P Calculate the component of force F; along x-direction F,, = F,xcos30° Substitute 700 Ib for F; F,, = 700xcos30° = 700 «0.866 = 606.2 Ib Calculate the component of force F, along y-direction. Ff, = Axsin30° Suostitute 700 Ib for F,. F,, = 700xsin 30° = 700x0.5 = 350 Ib Step 2 of 7 Calculate the component of force F along z-direction. Fi, = F,xcos90° Substitute 700 Ib for F,. F,, = 700x cos90° =0bb Determine the force F, in vector form. FaFA+ kit Fk Sunstitute 606.2 Ib for Fi. 350 Ib for F,, and Q |b for F,, F, = 606.21 +350j +0k = 606.21 +350) Step 3 of 7 Calculate the angle a where, the force F, makes with the yzy plane. 3 tan J = 4 af 3 p-w- (3) =36.87° Calculate the component of force F, along x-direction. F,, = F, xcos90° Substitute 600 Ib tor F, F,, = 600x cos90° =0b Calculate the component of force F, along y-direction. Fi, = Fxcosp Substitute 600 Ib for F, and 36,87° for f. F,, = 600x cos36.87° = 600x0.8 = 480 Ib Calculate the component of force F, along z-direction. F,, = Fyxsin B Substitute 600 Ib for F, and 36,87° for f. F,, = 600x sin 36.87° = 360 Ib Determine the force F, in vector form. F, = F,,i+ F,j+ Fk Supstitute 0 Ib for Fi 480 Ib for F,, and 360 Ib for F.- F, = 01 + 480j+360k = 480) +360k Step 4017 Calculate the component of force F, along x-direction. F,, = F,xcos120° Substitute 800 Ib for F,. F,, = 800xcos120° =-400 Ib Calculate the component of force i along y-direction. F,, = Fyxcos45° Substitute 800 Ib for F; F,, = 800 cos 45° = 565.68 Ib Step 5 of 7 Calculate the component of force F, along z-direction. F,, = F,xcos60° Suostitute 300 Ib for F, F,, =800x cos60° =400Ib Determine the force F; in vector form. B= Fit Bit Buk Suostitute -400 Ib for F,,. 565.68 Ib for F, and 400%b for F,, . F, = 400i + 565.68) + 400k Step 6 of 7 Calculate the resultant force on the eye bolt in vector form. F, =F,+F,+F, Substitute 606.2i + 350j for F,, 480j+360k for F, and -—400i +565.68j+400k for F, F, = 606.2i + 350j+480j+ 360k — 400i + 565.68) + 400k = 206.21 + 1395.68] + 760k Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force F, acting on the eye bolt 2 Fe= (Fu) +(Fr) +(Fey Substitute 206.2 Ib for F,,. 1395.68 ib for F,, and 760 Ib for F,,. F, = y(206.2)' +(1395.68)' + (760)* = ¥2568041.102 = 1602.51 Ib Therefore, the resultant force on the eyebolt is : Step 7 of 7 Calculate the unit vector of the resultant force. Sunstitute 206.2i + 1395.68j+760k forF, and 1602.51 Ib for F, u. = 206.2i + 1395.68) + 760k a 1602.51 = 0.13i + 0.87 1j+0.474k Determine the directional cosines of the resultant force. u,, =u =(cosa)i+(cos #)j+(cosy)k Substitute 0.131 + 0.871j+0.474k for uy, 0.134+0,871j+0.474k = (coser)i+ (cos) j+(cosy)k Calculate the value of angle a cosa@ = 0.13 @ =cos"' (0.13) = 82.53° Therefore, the direction of the resultant force with the x-axis is [g’ Calculate the value of angle 8 cos § = 0,871 B=cos '(0.871) = 29.42° Therefore, the direction of the resultant force with the y-axis is Calculate the value of angle 7 - cosy =0.474 7 =cos' (0.474) =61.7° Therefore. the direction of the resultant force with the 2-axis is |41 7°!Top tot9 2.081P Calculate the component of force F, along x-direction. F,, = F, xcos30° Substitute 700 Ib for F,. F,, = 700 cos 30° = 700x0.866 = 606.2 Ib Calculate the component of force F, along y-direction. F,, = F,xsin 30° Substitute 700 Ib for F,. F,, = 700 xsin 30° = 700x0.5 =350 Ib Step 20f9 Calculate the component of force F, along z-direction. F,, = F, xcos90° Substitute 700 Ib for F, F,, = 700% cos 90° =0b Determine the force F, in vector form. F =F,i+ F,i+ Fk Substitute 606.2 Ib for F,,, 350 Ib for F, and Q Ib for F, . F, = 606.21 +350j+0k = 606.21 +350) Step 3 of 9 Calculate ihe angle a where, the force F, makes with the yzy plane. Calculate the component of force F, along x-direction. F,, = F, xcos90° Substitute 600 Ib for F,. F,,, = 600« cos90° =0lb Calculate the component of force F, along y-direction. F,, = Fyxcosf Substitute 600 Ib for F, and 36.87° for # F,,, = 600 x cos36.87° = 6000.8 = 480 Ib Step 4 of 9 Calculate the component of force F, along z-direction. Fi, = Fyxsin B Substitute 600 Ib for F, and 36.87° for 8 F,, = 600xsin 36.87° = 360 Ib Determine the force F, in vector form F, = Fit Fyit Fk Substitute 0 Ib for F,,, 480 Ib for F,, and 360 Ib for F,. F, = 01+ 480) +360k = 480j + 360k Step 50f9 Calculate the component of foree F, along x-direction F,, = F,xcos120° Substitute 800 Ib for F,. F,, =800xcos 120° = 400 ib Calculate the component of force F, along y-direction. Fy, = Fyxcos45° Substitute 800 Ib for F,. Fy, = 800x cos 45° = 565.68 Ib Step 6 of 9 Calculate the component of foree F, along z-direction. Fy, = F,xcos60° Substitute 800 Ib for F,. F,, =800x cos 60° = 400 lb Determine the force F, in vector form. i =F,i+ 5, i+ Ak Substitute —400 Ib for F,. 565.68 Ib for F,, and 400 Ib for F,, . F, = 400i + 565.68j+ 400k Step 7 of 9 Calculate the resultant force on the eye bolt in vector form. F, =F, +F,+F, Substitute 606.21 + 350j for F,, 480j+360k for F, and 400i + 565.68) + 400k for F,. F, = 606.2i + 350} + 480j+ 360k — 400i + 565.68j+ 400k = 206.2i + §395.68j+ 760k Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force F, acting on the eye bolt (Fa) +(e) + (Fe) Substitute 206.2 Ib for F,,, 1395.68 Ib for F,, and 760 Ib tor F,, F, F, = (206.2)' + (1395.68)' +(760)° = 4.256804 1.102 = 1602.51 Ib Therefore, the resultant force on the eyebolt is{1602.51 1b]. Step 8 of 9 Calculate the unit vector of the resultant force. ove Up, = F, Substitute 206.25 + 1395.68] + 760k forF, and 1602.51 Ib for Fy _ 206.21 +1 395.68] + 760k Ben = 1602.51 = 0.131+0.871j+0.474k Determine the directional cosines of the resultant force. u, =u = (cosa)i+(cos #)j+(cosy)k Substitute 0,131 +0.871j+0.474k foru, . 0.131 + 0.871j+ 0.474k = (cosa) i+ (cos )j+(cos7)k Step 9 of 9 Calculate the value of angle a cosa = 0.13 a=cos'(0.13) = 82.53° Therefore, the direction of the resultant force with the x-axis is Calculate the value of angle 8 cos § = 0.871 B= cos" (0871) =29,42° Therefore, the direction of the resultant force with the y-axis is[29.429]. Calculate the value of angle 7. cos ¥ =0.474 y =cos (0.474) =61.7° Therefore, the direction of the resultant force with the z-axis is]4] 7°].r 2.082P eyebolt by representing the forces Fi, F, and F, Zz offorve F, along x-liecton. ot torce F, along y-airecton of force F, along z-directon. vector form ;,- 350 Mb for F, 30d 0 Ib for F,, ere, the force F, makes with the Yay’ plane. of force F along x-direction, of force F, along y-direction, and 36.87° for F of force Fy along z-direcion, and 36.87° 1 1 vector form, 180 Ib for F,, ard 360 Ib (Or F,, of force F,, along s-drection, offorce F, along y-direction offorce F, along z-drection, 1 vector for, F,,. 800cos 8, FF, ard 800cosy, 10 F,, cos f,)j+(800-cos y,)k 2 on the eye bolt in vector form, | fork, 480] + 360k for F, and sf,)|+(800cos 7, )k for, $0j+ 360k + (800cas.@, }i +(800cas f ) + (800c0s 7, )k 1, )i + (830+800cos 8, )j + (360 + 800c0sy, )k of the recultant force cos ay, i +(830+800cos 8, )j+(360+ 800cos y, Jk for Fy, Gy )i+(830 + 800 cos f, )j> (360 + 800cos », Jk A cosines ofthe resultant force, J+ (cosy) k Ocos a, )L+(830+800cas f,)j 300cosy, )k for wy, .and cas30°j-+sin30°K fore i + (83048000 4) 08 Ys Kk A = c0s30?j +sin30% seas SU38.27 208 30°f 330 12 Fy bY USe Of sum 0! directional cosines. 0.866F, -830 O.5F, ~360 eos hy and “PLES trcosyy 800) +(o8s3ey 0 300) 330)" + (0.58 - 360)" = 640000 Ib sree on the eyebolt is [1396.35 tb] ar[389,98 Ib] Ie fi for the resultant fore of 396.35 Ib Fe 5-830 le fy is [61.79] je y, for the resultant force of 396,35 Ib. Fe -360 gle 7, i5[§4.977 ue A, forthe resultant force of 389.98 Ib gle, is [127.959 jley, for the resultant force of 389,98 Ib 360 gle y, is[]02.42°][ 1 Step 1 of 11 2.083P Given that, #=250N F,=400N Step 2 of 11 For F Step 3 of 11 The z — component of the force, A, =—F,sin 35° A, =—250sin 35° A, =-143.39N The horizontal component of the force along x-y plane, Ay, = Ac0s 35° Ay = 250 cos 35° Step 4 of 11 The x — component of the force, A, = Fy sin 25° Fi, = (250cos 35°) sin 25° A, =86.55N The y— component of the force, Aiy = Ay cos 25° Fy = (250cos 35°) cos 25° A, =185.6N The Cartesian vector form of the force & R= A,i+ A,i+ Auk Step 5 of 11 For F: Step 6 of 11 Coordinate direction angle made with x — axis, @% =120° Coordinate direction angle made with y-axis, & = 45° Coordinate direction angle made withz— axis, 7, = 60° The Cartesian vector form of the force F,, F, = & (cos mi +cos 85+ cos yak) F, =400 (cos 120% + cos 45°j + cos 60°) E, = (-200i+ 282.84j + 200k) N Step 7 of 11 Let R be the resultant force R=4+E, R= (86.551 +185, 6j— 143.39k)+ (-200i + 282.84] + 200k) IR = (-113.45i+ 468.44] +56.61k) N Step 8 of 11 The magnitude of the resultant force, R=V(R) HR) +8)" R=,j(-113.45)" +(468.44y' + (56.61) Step 9 of 11 Coordinate direction angle made with x — axis, =cos"{ &p = cos (2: az ~ cos" ES) 2 485,29 Step 10 of 11 Coordinate direction angle made with y — axis, = cos & B= cos ( R } 468.44 485.29 14 B= cox" & Step 11 of 11 Coordinate direction angle made with z— axis, roo(§) rancor SE) z 485,29 3,39[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.084P The following figure represents the geometry of the pole subjected to a Force: zZ A Be my x Step 2 of 5 From the cosine law, calculate the value of @ as follows: cos? a +cos? 6+ cos? y =1 cos’ a =1—cos* f—cos’ y cosa = yi- cos? 8 - cos? @=cos" (vi -cos’ § - cos’ 7) Here, a, 8 and 7 are the coordinate direction angles with respect to x, y and z axis. Substitute 30° for { and 75° for y. a=cos! (vi —cos? 30° - cos” 75°) = cos" (¥1-0.75—0.067) = cos” (0.4278) = 64.673° Step 3 of 5 From the geometry, calculate the magnitudes of the three components. Write the equation for forces along the x-component as follows: F, =Fcosa@ Here, F is the force acting upon the pole. Substitute 64.673° for @ and 3kN for F. F, = 3cos64.673° = 1.283 KN Therefore, the x component of the force Fis |] 283 kN] - Step 4 of 5 Write the equation for forces along the y-component. F, =Fcosf Substitute 30° for # and 3 kN for F. F, = 3cos 30° = 2.598 kN Therefore, the y component of the force Fis|?.598 kN Step 5 of 5 Write the equation for forces along the z-component as follows: F, =Fcosy Substitute 75° for ¥ and 3 kN for F . F, = 3cos 75° = 0.776 kN Therefore, the z component of the force Fis 10.776 kN] -[ 1 Step 1 of 6 2.085P Step 2 of 6 Given that, The x component of the force #7, # = 1.5 kN The z component of the force #, FR =1.25 kN The coordinate direction angles with respect to x, »y andz axis are @, Sand y respectively 8=75° Step 3 of 6 We know that, The x —component of the force 7, = Fcos@ 1.5=Fecosa@ 1.5 cosa — f Step 4 of 6 The y—component of the force ¥, H, = Fcos 8 4 cos B= ~-o-- cb The z -component of the force #, #, = F cosy 1.25=F cosy cosy = 225 F Step 5 of 6 From the cosine law cos? a+cos? 8+ cos? y=1 2 a (2) +(cos 75°) (2) =1 PF f = +0.067 =1 3.8125 7 = 0.933 pr 3.8125 0.933 F? = 4.0863 F = 2.0214 kN The magnitude of the force, |F = 2.021 kN Step 6 of 6 From equation (1) cos 75° = a 2,021 F, =(2.021)(cos 75°) F, =0.523kN The » component of the force F is |#, = 0.523 kN[ 7 Step 1 0f3 2.086P Step 2 of 3 S-component of the position vector r 7, = —Scos20°sin 30° = —2.349 ft Y-component of the r 7, = 8-5co08 20° cos 30° = 3.93 ft Z-component of the r 7, = 24+5 sin 20° =3.71 ft Step 3 of 3 Position vector r, ir = (2.354 + 3.93] +3.7 1k) £t rs e235? +(3.93) +(3.71)° =5.89 ft 7 = 5.89 ft Direction angles =i r RgStep 1 of 4 The given three wires are AD, BD and CD The ting at D is midway between A and B The coordinates of the various points A=(2,0,1.5) B=(0,2,0.5) c=(00,2) 240 O42 1540.5 D= 11 “27° 2 2 )- (44) Step 2 of 4 Position vector ofthe AD, AD= OD- OA AD=(1-2)i+{1-0)j+(1-1.5)k AD=-li+4j-0.5 Length of the cable AD, AD = |AD| AD= JP +P +{-0.5) Step 3 of 4 Position vector of the BD, BD=OD-OB BD= (1-0)i+(1-2)j+(1-0.5)k BD = ti-1j+0.5k Length of the cable BD, 3D =|BD| BD= J +(-1) +(0.5Y BD=15m Step 4 of 4 Position vector of the CD, CD= OD-0C CD=(1- 0)i+(1-9)j+(1- 2)k CD=1i+1j-1k Length of the cable CD, CD =|CD| CD= JP +P +(-17 CD = 1.732 m “| 2.087P[ 1 Step 1 of 2 2.088P Draw the free body diagram of truss. Calculate the x-component of AB. x=0.3+1.5cot 40° =0.3+4 1.7876 = 2.0876 m Calculate the y -component of AB. yrl5-1.2 =0.3 m Step 2 of 2 Calculate the position vector of AB by using the following equation: AB = xi+ yj Substitute, 2.0876 m for x.0.3 m for y. AB = 2.0876 i+ 0.3 j Therefore, the position vector, AB is|2.0876 i+ 0.3 jj- Calculate the Magnitude of the position vector A8 by using the following equation: AB =|AB| = (2.0876) +03? = 4.4482 =2.1090m Therefore, the magnitude of the position vector AB is[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.089P Draw the force vector diagram as shown below: Z x Step 2 of 5 Calculate the magnitude of the force by using force vector, Force vector, F =[350i-250j- 450k] N Magnitude of the force, F = [350° +(-250)' +(-450)' = 622.49 N Step 3 of 5 Calculate the coordinate direction angle in x direction, 350 622.49 @ =55,79° Calculate the coordinate direction angle in y direction, cosa = #B=113.68° Calculate the coordinate direction angle in z direction, —450 622.49 7 =136.29° cosy = Step 4 of 5 Draw the free body diagram as shown below: z' B Step 5 of 5 Calculate the coordinate of the force vector, x= ABxcos@ Substitute 9 m for AB and §§,79° for @& x =9xcos55.79° =5.06m Calculate the coordinate of the force vector, y = ABxcos(180° - 8) Substitute 9 m for AB and 1 13.68° for 6 y =9xcos(180°—113.68°) =3.6lm Calculate the coordinate of the force vector, z= ABxcos(180°-) Substitute 9 m for AB and 136,29° for 7 z=9x¢os(180°-136.29°) =6.5im Therefore, the coordinates are, x is/5.06 ml. » is [3.61 ml and z is|6.51 ml.[ 1 Step 1 of 7 2.090P Draw the force system Step 2 of 7 Find the coordinates of points A, B, C. The coordinates are A(0.5,1.5,0), B(-1.5,-2.5, 2) and C(-1.5,0.5, 3.5) Find the position vector of AB Uy, =OB-OA =(-1.5-0.5)i+(-2.5-(1.5))j+(2-0)k =-2.0i-1j+2k Calculate the Magnitude of r,, represent the length of AB Ny = y(-2.0) +(-17 +2? =V44+144 =v9 4, = 3m Step 3 of 7 Find the unit vector of AB _-2i-1j+2k 3 U ,y = —0.67i- 0,33) + 0.67k Step 4 of 7 Express the force F, in Cartesian force F, =F,-Uys Substitute 600 N for F,.we get F, = 600-[-0.67i - 0.33j+ 0.67k] = [400i - 200j + 400k] N Step 5 of 7 Find the position vector of AC Ty = (-1.5-0.5)i+(0.5-(-1.5)) j+(3.5-0)k = -21+2j+3.5k Calculate the Magnitude of r,,., represent the length of AC rye = (2) + PBS = V444412.25 420.25 Step 6 of 7 Find the unit vector of AC Tac _ 72i+2j+3.5k 4s U jc = 0.441 +0.44j+ 0.78k Step 7 of 7 Express the force F,, in Cartesian force FoF. Ui Substitute 450 N for F., we get F, = 450-[-0.44i + 0.44j+0.78k] =[-200i + 200j+ 350k] N Therefore the forces in Cartesian force, F, and F,, are [—400i - 200) + 400k] N| and [-200i + 200j + 350k] NStep 10f8 Draw the force system Step 2 018 Find the coordinates of points A. B and C A(0.5,1.5,0) B(-1.5,-2.5, 2) and C(-1.5,0.5,3.5) Find the position vector of AB Ty, =OB-OA =(-1.5-0.5)i+(-2.5-(1.5))j+(2-0}k =-2.0i -1j+2k Calculate the Magnitude of r,, represent the length of AB Map = Y(-2.0) +(-i) +2? =V44144 =9 ‘yg =3m Step 3 of 8 Find the unit vector of AB AB -2i-1j+2k 3 U,, = -0.67i - 0,33 + 0.67k Step 4 of & Express the force F, in Cartesian force F, =F, Uy, Substitute 600 N for F,. we get F, = 600-[-0.67i -0.33§+ 0.67k] =(-400i - 200) + 400k] N Step 5 of 8 Find the position vector of AC Yy¢ ={-1.5-0.5)i+(0.5-(-1.5))j+(3.5-0)k =-2i+2j+3.5k Calculate the Magnitude ofr,,., represent the length of AC re = (-2y 4243.8 =V444412.25 420.25 No =4.5 Step 6 of 8 Find the unit vector of AC La Ue Tac ~2i+2j+3.5k 45 044i + 0.44] + 0.78k UL Step 7 of 8 Express the force Fy in Cartesian force Fos Fo Wace Substitute 450 N for F., we get F,. = 450 -[-0.44i +0.444+ 0.78k] = [-200i +200j+ 350k] N Find the resultant force vector acting at A F, =F, +F. = (-400i - 200) + 400k] +[-200i + 200] + 350k] F, =[-600i + 0j+ 750k] N Calculate the Magnitude of the resultant force Fy = y(-600)" +(750)° = 4922500 F, = 960.47 N Step 8 of 8 Calculate the Coordinate direction angles of the resultant force 960.47 7 =38.66° Therefore the resultant force and the coordinate direction angles are F = 960.47 NI. Ja =128.66°]. B=90°) and [y = 38.660[ Step 1 of 8 2.093P Draw the force system Step 2 of 8 Find the coordinates A(0,0,6). B(2,-3,0). C(3,2,0) Find the position vector of AB Ty = OB-OA =(2-0)i+(-3-0)j+(0-6)k = 2i-3j-6k Calculate the Magnitude of, represents the length of AB het a +(-3y +(6y =V4+9+36 Step 3 of 8 Find the unit vector of AB Vas Uy4=* fa _ 2i-3j-6k 7 2, 3, 6 U,,=si-=j-sk AB 7 7J 7 Step 4 of 8 Express the force Fy in Cartesian force F,=F,-U,, Substitute 700 N for F;., we get 253) Se 7 7° 7 = 200i — 300j - 600k F, = 700, Step 5 of 8 Find the position vector of AC Tyce =OC-OA =(3-0)i+(2-0)j+(0-6)k =3i+2j+-6k Calculate the Magnitude of y ,,., represent the length of AC N= v3 +2? +(4yF = 044436 vs ho= 7m ac Step 6 of 8 Find the unit vector of AC _3i+2)- 6k 7 3 2, 6 U,- =sit+=j-sk aca 7 7 Step 7 of 8 Express the force Fo in Cartesian force Fak Uy Substitute $60 N for F., we get F, =560.| 3142j-2 77° 7 F,. = [240i +160j- 480k] N Find the resultant force vector acting at A F, =F, +F, = [200i — 300] - 600k) + [240i + 160j- 480k] F, = [4401 -140j—1080k] N Calculate the Magnitude of the resultant force F, = 440? + (-140)' +(-180)" = ¥1379600 = 1174.56 N F, = 1.175 kN Step 8 of 8 Calculate the Coordinate direction angles of the resultant force 440 1174.56 1440 1174.56 a = 67,99° __~l40 1174.56 -140 1174.56 B= 96.84" cos 8 B=cos'! 1080 1174.56 ~1_—1080 1174.56 y =156.85° Therefore the resultant force and the coordinate direction angles are] F, = 1.175 kN]. . | and |y =156.85° 0S 7 = 7 = cos[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.094P Step 2 of 9 Given that, Force along DA, 7, = 400 N Force along DB, #, =800N Force along DC, #, = 600 N Take x= 20m y=15m Step 3 of 9 Position vector of DA, r,, = ait yj— 24k Fy, = 201-+15j- 24k Magnitude of DA, 1, = 20)" +(15) +(-24y 7p, = 34.65 m Force vector along DA, F,, = #, [ a Ly 34.65 F,,, = (230.88 +173. 16j- 277.06k) N F,,=(400w)( =) Step 4 of 9 Position vector of DB, r,, =-6i+4j—- 24k Magnitude of DB, 7, = f-6y +(4) +(-24)" Tyg = 25.06 m Force vector along DB, F, = #, [=] ve = (800 N) —61+4j— 24k 25.06 F,,, = (-191.54i+127.69j— 766.16k) Nv Step 5 of 9 Position vector of DC, r,, = 16i-18j- 24k Magnitude of DC, r,, = f(16)' +(-18)' + (-24)" Tp, = 34m Force vector along DC, FF, = # (} "oe F,, = (600) 161 - 18) - 24k Er F,, = (282.35i - 317.65j-423.53k) N Step 6 of 9 The resultant force, R= EF R=E,, +B + Foe R= (230.881 +173. 16j— 277.06k) +(—191.54i +127.69j- 766. 16k) +(282.35i- 317.65) -423.53k) R= (321.691 - 16.8) -1466.75k) N Magnitude of the resultant force, R= ,j(321.69)' +(-16.8)' +(-1466.75)" R=1501.71N R = 1.502 kN) Step 7 of 9 Coordinate direction angle with respect to x — axis, -f 321.69 a@=cos 1501.71 Step 8 of 9 Coordinate direction angle with respect to y — axis, _ if 716.8 B= cos (a B= 90.64° Step 9 of 9 Coordinate direction angle with respect to z— axis, _ cor"(R2) ye 1501.71 [y=l676PStep 1 of 9 Step 2 of 9 Given that, OA=5 km OB=Z2km From the figure OA = OA cos 60° OA' = (5km)cos.60° OA' = 2.5 km Step 3 of 9 =—-OA' cos 35° OA), =— (2.5 km) cos 35° QA) =-2.048 km -OA' sin 35° -(2.5 km) sin 35° = -1.434 km OA sin 60° (5km } sin 60° 4.33km x 7 . x x OA OA OA OA OA OA (OA ( ; (04) (04) (04), (0A), = (04) (04) (04) = Step 4 of 9 .. The position vector of A OA = (0A), 7 +(0A), F+(OA)_F OA = -(2.048km)7 +(-1434km) 7 +(4.33km )E OA = —(2.048km)F +(-1.434km) 7 +(4.33km )E Step 5 of 9 Similarly for O8 OB' = OB cos 25° = (2km )cos25° OB = 1.813km (08), = (O8")sin 40° (08), = (1.813km) sin 40° (08), =1,165km Step 6 of 9 (02), = (OB')cos 40° (08), = (1.813km) cos 40° (08), =1.389km Step 7 of 9 (OB), =-OBsin 25° (OB), = -(2km) sin 25° (0B), =-0.845 em Step 8 of 9 The position vector of B OB = (OB), 7 +(08), F+(OB) OB = (1.165km )F +(1.389km ) 7 - (0.845km)E Step 9 of 9 The position vector of AB => AB =OB-OA “| 2.095P => AB= (1.165km + 2.048km )F + (1.389 km +1.434kem ) F +(-0 845kem — 4.33km » AB =(3.213km)i + (2.823 km) j -(5.175km)E . Given that'd’ is the distance between A and 3B = =|AB| =>d = 4/(3.213km)*+ (2.823km)’ +(-5.175km)° 2. 8=6.713 kmStep 1 of 7 Draw the force system x Step 2 of7 Find the coordinates of the points 4(5,-7,5), B(-1,-5,8)and C(5,7,4) Find the position vector of BA ¥,, =OB-OA =[5-(-1)]i+[-7-(-5)]i+[5-8]k =6i-2j-3k Calculate the Magnitude of ,, represent the length of BA Yea = je +(-2)'+(33)’ =V364449 = V49 Vg = Tf Step 3 of 7 Find the unit vector of BA U,, = Tea _ 6i-2j-3k 7 6, 2, 3 U,, = 21-2 j-3k m m7 Stop 4 of7 Express the force Fy in Cartesian force F,=F,-Us, Substitute 70 Ib for Fy. we get 6, 2, 3 F, =70-| -i-=j-=k 4 [§ 79 | =[ 604 - 20j+ 30k] Ib Step 5 of7 Find the position vector of BC Yee = OC - OB =([5-(-1)]i+[7-(-5)]i+[4-8]k =654+12j-4k Calculate the Magnitude of r,,., represent the length of BC Yee = fe +12? +(-4) = 364144416 V196 Ye = 14 ft Step 6 of 7 Find the unit vector of BC Une = fac "ec _ 6i+12j-4k -—T 6.12, 4 U,- =—i+—j-— 14 14" «14 Step 7 of 7 Express the force F,, in Cartesian force F. =F. - Uy. Substitute 70 Ib for Fo F. ~70[ $i+2)-A4] 1414 «14 = [301+ 60j- 20k] Ib “| 2.096P Therefore the forces in Cartesian force are |F, = 601-20) + 30k| and |F.. = 301 +60j- 20k[ Step 1 of 8 2.098P Express the force F/. in Cartesian force Fo = Fo -Use Substitute 70 Ib for F.. we get F, =70-| 24422 5-46 414° 14 = [304 + 60j - 20k] Ib Find the resultant force vector acting at B F, =F, +F, = [604 - 20j - 30k] + [301+ 60j- 20k] = [90i + 40j—SOk] tb Calculate the Magnitude of the resultant force F, = Joo! +40? +(-50)" = ¥12200 = 110.44 Ib Step 2 cf 8 Calculate the Coordinate direction angles of the resultant force cosa = 0 110.45 90 110.45 @ =35.42° a@=cos" 40 cos B= T1945 0 _ -t Br 00s as B= 68.76° = 50. ~ 110.45 4-50 110.45 7 =116.9° Therefore the resultant force and the coordinate direction angles are| F, = 110.44 Ib}. [a = 35.42°|. 8 =68.76°| . and |y OS 7 7 =¢0s Step 3 of 8 Draw the force system x Step 4 of 8 Find the coordinates of the points A(-1,-5,8). B(5,-7.5) C(5,7.4) Find the position vector of BA Tq, = OA-OB =[5-(-1)Ji+[-7-(-5)]i+[5-8]k =6i-2j-3k Calculate the Magnitude of Tas represent the length of BA Tag = Y6? +(-2)' +(-3)" =V364449 =V49 Figg = 7 ft Step 5 of 8 Find the unit vector of BA U,, = 72 Ta = 6i-2j-3k 7 = 91-253 7 7° 7 Step 6 of 8 Express the force , in Cartesian force F,=F,-U,, Substitute 70 Ib for F,, we get 6, 2, 3 F, =70.| -1-=j-=k ‘ E 7 7 | = [60i-20j+30k] Ib Step 7 of 8 Find the position vector of BC Tac =[5-(-1)]t+[7-(-5)] i+[4-8]k Tye = 61 +12j-4k Calculate the Magnitude of ry, , represent the length of BC rac = YO? +12? +(-4)° = 364144416 Vi96 Vac =14 Step 8 of 8 Find the unit vector of BC i, U,. = aC Pye _ 61+12j- 4k - 14 6,12, 4) sc= itil 14'* 14a. 14[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.100P Step 2 of 5 Given that, Force along the wire AC, Fy = 250N Force along the chain BD, #7, =175N Position vector of AC, rac ={-li+4j—4k} m Magnitude of AC, rae = {-17 + (ay?+ (ay Pac = 5.745 m Step 3 of 5 Cartesian vector form of the force along AC, r reo] AC —1i+4j- 4k F,= 250/ —__- 4 ( 5.745 } Fy = ({-43.52i+174.06j-174.06k} IT Therefore, the Cartesian vector form of the force along AC is Fg = {43.521 +174.06j -174. 06k} NI Stop 4 of 5 Position vector of BD, rap ={ 2- 3j-5.5k} m Magnitude of BD, rgp = (2)° +(-3)° +(-5.5 Tap = 6.576 m Step 5 of 5 Cartesian vector form of the force along BD, F,=F; (2) "ap 2i- 3j—-5.5k F, =175| ————_ a ( 6.576 | F, = (53.22i- 79.84j- 146. 36k} bY Therefore, the Cartesian vector form of the force along BD is IF, = {53.221 -79.84j -146.36k} NIU step 4 of 6 2.102P Draw the free body diagram of the given system. Zz Step 2 of 6 Write tne coordinates of point & E=(0,0,12) Write the coordinates of point A A=(6,-4,0) Calculate the position vector along EA, EA=0A-0E = (6i-4j)-(12k) =(6i-4j-12k) Calculate the unit vectar along EA by using the equation, Substitute (61- 4j-12k) for gq and [es(ay +(-12) tr |al 6i-4j-l2k +(e _6i-4j-12k 14 Calculate the force vector along EA by using the equation, Fra = Phang Substitute 281N for F and (—*) for hag 6b- 4j- 10k «pg te = 12k) 4 = 12i-8j-24K Therefore, the Cartesian vector of the force along the line EAis |F,, = (121 -8j— 24k) kN| Step 3 of6 Write the coordinates of point & £=(0,0,12) Write the ccordinates of point 8 B=(6,4,0) Calculate the position vector along EB. EB=08-OE = (61+44)-(12k) = 61+ 4j-12k Calculate the unit vector along E8 by using the equation, Substitute (61+ 4J-12k) for ER and [ota a + (-127 for [Fal i +4) -12k 44 4(-12)° _bi44j~12k 14 des Calculate the force alcng EB by using the equation, Fue = Pras for Den susinte 26 orf an (SEA) = 3g (61+ 41+12k) 14 = (2148) +24k) Therefore, the Cartesian vector of the force along the line EBis |F,, =(121+8j— 24k) kN K Step 4 of 6 Write the coordinates of point E E=(0,0,12) Write the coordinates of point 8 C=(440) Calculate the position vector along EC, = (-61+4j)- (12k) = (61+ 4)-12k) Calculate the force vector along EC by using the equation, = “Fd iE Sunsiitute (61+. 4j-12k) for EE and [of +4 +(-12)' ‘er lEc| _ (-6i+4J-12k) M648 412? _ (-6i+4j-12k) 14 Calculate the force vector along EC by using the equation, Foc = Fhec —6i+4j-12k Supsiitute 28kN for F and ( 4 } ec _ 28(-61+ 4j—12k) ~ 14 = (-12i+8)- 24k) Therefore, the Cartesian vector of the force along the line ECis | Fre 124+ 8j—24k) KN Re Step 5 of 6 Similarly, write the coordinates of paint E E=(0,0,12) Write the coordinates af point 8 D=(-6,-4,0) Calculate the position vector along EC, OD-OE = (6i-4j)- (12k) = (+6i-4j-12k) Calculate the force vector along EC by using the equation, Substitute (-61-4j- 12k) for EH and icy +(-ay +(-12)° for |e0| (61- 4- 12k) oe ay ny —12k 4a, Calculate the position vector along ED by using the equatin, Fro = Phan Supstitute 28kKN for F and ( _ 28(-61- 4j-12k) ~ 14 =-121~8j- 24k ‘Therefore, the Cartesian vector of the force along the line EDis | Fy, 12% 24k) kN Fo Step 6 of 6 Calculate the resultant force by using the equation, Fy = Fea + Fun + Foc + Feo Substitute (121-8) -24k)kN for Fp, .(121+8j- 24k) KN for Fy . (121-48) -24k) KN for Fgc and (~121-8j- 24k) KN for Fy Fy, = (124+ 8j— 24k) + (—12i +8]- 24K) + (—124 - 8] 24k) + (124-8]-24k) = (01 +0j-96k) kN Therefore, the resultant force is |F, = (—96k) kNlr. Step 1 of 21 Given: Fy = {-3608} 16 Step 20121 Step 30f21 The position vectors Stop 4 of 21 Writing equations. A= (rit le) J +l), & Fy = OF + OF 46k Fae (radi +(e), Head Fy=H-2j+0k Fo= (ro), t (re), tlre) Fy=-H42j+0k Step 5 of 21 Step 6 of 21 Again writing equations: Fo= (to) t+ (0), / +(e), # Pye B+2Qjr0k %= (ro) iC), J+ (0), = 8-2) +0k Step 7 of 21 From the triangle law E = "a > " A " © Step 8 0f21 The magnitude of Fy is tou = (aa). +(Pea)9 + (rane ry = (2 + (2) +(-6) v9 ; Step 90f21 By wiangles hw a Step 10 of 21 The magnitude of Fgp is ry, = vn), (Pan), +P )e ray = f+ Pa 6 te =7 Step 11 0f21 By triangle law mb y+ o Fore he Fy = ~BE+2}—-6% Step 12 of 21 The magnitude of Fay is ro = (Yee )¢ +4rz0)s (tac), tac =f 3 + (2) +6 tee =7 Step 13 of 21 By triaagle aw igtiy Fay Fahy Fup = ~B-2j-64 Step 14 of 21 The magnitude of Fp is rip =(ren), +(ran)p + (reo) Step 15 of 21 The force vectors Fy = Fy jetta Step 16 of 21 Fy-F, id =F, Step 17 of 21 Aya kyd Tre Tre Ae Step 19 of 21 The resultant force = Fp +F,+ Fy +B, 3 {72 2 2 2 oF }i(Paedg ede 5 6 6 6 6 s(-Sa-fn-fn- bre B 3 P, {2 'e=[5 (Pat Fa~ Fe Fa) i+ | (Fat a +Pe~ Po) | F (¢ (gt Fy+Fe **,)) Step 20 of 21 Equoting the both sides Fi Re m)=0 FigtBy—Ho- Fy 20 a ay +FytFo-Fy)=0 Fy + Fg+Ro- Fy =0 @ 2 4 Fgt Fo +B) = 360 Fig Py + By Py =420 @ Step 24 of 21 Given that all force are equal due to symmetry. Fy=Fy= Pas Fy=F Substitute it in the equation (3) AP =420 pe F=105 The tension devel oped in each cable is |F =105 lb 2.104PStep 1 of 6 Given: FH=12lb “| 2.105P Step 2 of 6 Step 3 of 6 The position vector of 7, from ‘0’: = (ra), +(%), i+(ta).& = 5i+(3cos 20) j+(—3sin 20) Fy = ¥4+2.8197- 1.026% Step 4 of 6 The position vector 7,: *,=(re),i+(72), 7+("2),& 7 = F407 +65 B — 6f (a), o—e Step 5 of 6 By triangle law B % i oO e a Athyn", fy = h-hh = 6k — (58+ 2.819 j—1.026k) Fy =—5i— 2.819) +7.026k Step 6 of 6 The magnitude of Fy, is (ra) =("e ¥ +(ras), +(rus)e Pap =f (-5Y +(-2.819) + (7.026) Pag = 9.0725 The force vector By: Pigg = Fyyxtt = gs | h j ae Tas Tap Tap = [aa Ze: 9.0725 | 9.0725~ | 9.0725 Fy, = 6.6133 - 3.7286 j+9.2931k .. The tension developed in each cable is |#,, = —6.612— 3.373 f+9.29% -5 2.819 7.026 |Step 1 of 12 Step 2 of 12 Given that, Force in each chain, #, = 7, = Fy = 60 Ib From the given figure O=(0.0,6) A= (4sin 120°, 4c0s 120°, 0) B =(-4sin 120°, 4 cos 120°,0) C=(0,4,0) Origin, D=(0,0,0) Step 3 of 12 Position vector of the OA, OA = DA- DO OA = (4sin 120°— 0)i+ (4 cos 120°-0)j+(0-6)k OA = 3.464i- 2j- 6k 4 OA Unit vector along OA, Ao, = cA 3.464i— 2j-6k (3.464)* +(-2)" +(-6)* 3.464i- 2j-6k “Fat don= os Step 4 of 12 Force vector along the OA, Fy = Fy hag _ 60(3.464i - 2] - 6k) 7 721 = (28.82i- 16.64] - 49.92k) Ib IF, = (28.821 -16.64j -49.92k) Ib Step 5 of 12 Position vector along OB, OB = DB-DO OB = (-4sin 120°- 0)i +(4c0s120°- 0) j+(0- 6)k OB =-3.464i - 2j-6k OB Unit vector along OB, 453 = —— g on Gp -3.464i - 2j- 3.464)" +(—2)' +(-6)° _ -3.464i-2j- 6k Fail don = do Step 6 of 12 Force vector along OB, Fy = FyAgp - oo 2j- =| 7.211 = (-28.82i-16.64j -49.92k) Ib Fy = (-28.82i -16.64j -49.92k) Ib Step 7 of 12 Position vector along OC, OC=DC-DO OC =(0-0)i+(4-0)j+(0-6)k OC = 4j- 6k : oc Unit vector along OC, == nit vector along Age OG 4j- 6 Aye = 4? + (-6) _4j-6k Aeon Step 8 of 12 Force vector along OC, Fy = Fy Age = 60 4j-6k 7.211 = (33.28]- 49.92k)Ib = (33.28) -49.92k)Ib Step 9 of 12 Let R be the total resultant force R= +h,+k R= 28.82i- 16.64j— 49.92k — 28.821 —16.64j-49.92k +33.28]-49.92k R=-149.76k The magnitude of the resultant force, [R = 149.76 tot) Step 10 of 12 “| 2.106P Let @&, Band yare the coordinate direction angles of the resultant force makes with x, » and z axis respectively We know that, Coordinate direction angle makes with x axis, @=cos? (=) a > Q =cos 143.76 Step 11 of 12 Coordinate direction angle makes withy axis, S= cos? (=) R = a1 9 Ba eos (ax) B=90° Step 12 of 12 Coordinate direction angle makes with z axis, y= cost (*) R yee (ten) = Co: 149.76 fy = 180°[ 1 Step 1 of7 2.107P Step 2 of 7 Given that, Magnitude of the resultant force, F, = 130 1b Resultant force is acting along the negative z axis, Fy = -130k Assume force in each chain is sameie., 7, =F, =F, For the equilibrium, (Fy), = (F,), +(F), +(Fe), --—-- ) Step 3 of 7 From the given figure O= (0,0,6) A= (4sin 120°, 4c03 120°, 0) B=(-4sin 120°, 4 cos 120°,0) C=(0,4,0) Origin, D= (0,0, 0) Step 4 of 7 Position vector of the OA, OA = DA- DO OA = (4sin120°- 0)i+ (4c0s 120°-0)j+(0-6)k OA = 3.464i- 2j-6k Unit vector along OA, Ap, = = 3.464i- 2j-6k (3.464)" +(-2)" +(-6) _ 3.464i- 2j- 6k 7.211 Force vector along the OA, Fy = Fy hog F (3.464i- 2j- 6k) 721 doa = ‘OA Step 5 of 7 Position vector along OB, OB = DB-DO OB = (-4 sin 120°- 0)i+(4c0s120°- 0)j+(0- )k OB =-3.464i — 2j-6k , OB Unit vector along OB, Ap = — nit vector along 1-5 —3.464i - 2j- Ok hos = 3 2 3 3.464)" +(-2)" +(-6) he = D3 A6AIW 2) - ke ” 7.211 Force vector along OB, Fy = Fytqp _ P(-3.464i-2j-6) 7 7.211 Step 6 of 7 Position vector along OC, OC = DC- DO OC =(0- 0)i+(4-0)j+(0-6)k OC = 4j-6k Unit vector along OC, Age = ac oc 4j- ok fe +6 _4j-6k fee- a7 Force vector along OC, Fy = Fy Age _ f4i- 6k -°( *) Age = Step 7 of 7 From the equation (1) -6 -6 -6 -130 = #| —— |+#| ——|+F| —— 130 (=) (5) (5) 130-200 7.211 (130)(7.211) 18 FP =52.08 lb :. The force in each chain is |¥U sep tof 11 2.108P Draw the force system Step 2 of 1 Find the coordinates of points A(0,6,2.5), B(—-3,0,4.5), C(2,0,4) and (3,0,-3.5) Find the position vector of AB Eye = OB-OA = (-3-0)i+(0-6)]+(4.5-2.5)k = -31-6j+2k Calculate the Magnitude of, represents the length of AB 7 cary tay = f(-3) + (6) 42 =V943644 =V49 4g = 7m Step 3 of 11 Find the unit vector of AB Step 4 of 11 Express the force F, in Cartesian force F, = F,-Uy, Substitute 630 N for F,. we get F, =630.| 21-S) 42% 7 7° 7 =(-2701-540j+180k] N Step 5of 11 Find the position vector of AC Bye =OC-OA =(2-0)i+(0-6) j+(4-2.5)k = Y= 6j4l 5k Calculate the Magnitude ofr,,.. represent the length of AC tye = fF + (OP LS = V4+36+2.25 42.25 Nye = 6.5m Step 6 of 11 Find the unit vector of AC Step 7 of 11 Express the force F,, in Cartesian force F.= Foye Substitute $20 N for F.. Fr =s0[2 6 al 1-2 j+ 2k 65 65° 65 =[160i-480j+ 120k] N Find the position vector of AD Typ = (x-0)i+(0-6)j+(-z-2.5)k Substitute 3 m for x and 3,5 for 2 Fp =OD-OA =(3-0)i+(0-6)j+(-3.5-2.5)k = 3i-6j- 6k Calculate the Magnitude of, represents the length of AD tp 23 + (6) +(6) = 19436436 =VeI yo = 9m Step 8 of 11 Find the unit vector of AD f, U,» 22 ° Sap _ 3i-6j-6k 9 3. 6, 6 Uy) ==i-=j-=k w= gi-gi-g Step 9 of 11 Express the force F,, in Cartesian force F, = Fy Up Substitute 750 N for F,,, we get 3, 6,6 =750-|=i-—j+— F, so[31 $18] = [250i - $00j- 500k] N Step 10 of 11 Find the resultant force vector acting at A F, =F, +F.+F, = [-270i - 5405+ 180k] + [160i +480, + 120k] + [250i - 500j- 500k] F, =[140i-1520j-200k] N Calculate the Magnitude of the resultant force =1539.48N Step 11 of {1 Calculate the Coordinate direction angles of the resultant force a= 140 1539.48 1140 1539.48 a= 84.78 -1520 1539.48 -y 1520 1539.48 f=170.87° a= cos f= B= cos -1_-200 1539.48 y 297.46" Therefore the resultant force and the coordinate direction angles are| F, 539.48 N]. 84.78°| . B=170.87"] and y = cosU stop 4 of 12 2.110P Draw the free body diagram for the strut as folloves: Step 2 of 12 Write the position vector for OA. OA = 01 +6J+2.5k Write tne position vector for OB, White the position vector for OC. OC = 264+4k Write the position vector for OD. OD =-xi-5.5k Step 3of 12 Calculate the position vector ot line AB. OB-OA Here, OB, OA are the distance from points A and Bto O. Substitute (-31+ 45k) for OB. (01+ 6]+2.5k) for OA Tap = (3+ 45k) (01+ 6J+2.5k) =(-3-O)1+ (0-6) j+(4.5-2.5)k = -31-6j+2k Calculate the magnitude of the length of AB- [3 +(-6F = 943644 = V9 Ce Step 4cf 12 Carcutate the unit veccor of ine AB: Substitute (-3)- 6] +2k) forty, 7 fore, _ -3i-6j+2k 7 6. 24 Catcutate the ioree in the string AB FoF Uys substitute (23, 1 Step Sof 12 Calculaie the position vector of line AC. Tye =OC-O4 Substitute (214 4k) for OC. (0146j4 2.5k) fora Tye = (21+ 4k) —(01 +6}+2.5k) =(2-0)i+ (0-6) §+(4-2.5)k =A-6]41.5k Carcurate the magnitude of the rength of line AC. V2 4(-6) 415? = 44364225 42.25 Substitute (21-6) +1.5K) torr,... 6.5 forre. vu, - Brest sk “ 65 2,,°6, 15 =F 2p “65 65° 65 Step 6 of 12 Calculate the position vector of line AD. typ = OD-OA Substitute (~xi~5.5k) tor OD. (O14 6j+2.5k) ‘or OA Nyy = (-xi-5.5k)-( 01+ 6+ 2.5k) =(-x-0)1+(0-6))+(-2-2.5)k ‘Substitute 0 m for x anc 5.5 m forz =(-0-0)i+(0-6)j+(-3.5-2.5)k -6]-% Stop 7 of 12 Garculalg the magnitude of the length of line AD. yo +(-6) + (-8) = 0536464 = 100 =10 Step 8 of 12 Calculate the unit vector of ine AD. Fo Up,=2 tn Substitute (01 - 6§-8k) forr,,,and 10 fore, 01 -6j-8& 0.2 6, 8 =0i-Sj-F,-—~F.-—F, =-1200 763° 70 2 Ls 8 2542 e.-4 x, =-s00 7 Es 16? ‘Solve the 3 equations and obtain the required unknown forces as folows. Therefore, the required forces F, . F.and F, are/318 N]. [442.26 N] and [866 N] respectively.[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.111DP Draw the force system Step 2 of 5 Find the position vector of AB Typ =(0- 5xcos 40°)i+(5—8)j +(12-5x sin 40°)k =—3.81-3j+8.79k Calculate the Magnitude of r,, represent the length of AB ug = (3.83)! + (3) 48.79 = VI4.67+9+ 77.26 = 100.93 yy =10.0 ft Step 3 of 5 Find the unit vector of AB _ -3.83i-3)+8.79k 10.0 383, 3, 8.79 =- -——j+—k “190 10.0° 10.0 Step 4 of 5 Express the force # in Cartesian force F=F-U,, Substitute 50 Ib for F, p50] 3881-2 5.82%4] 10.0 100° 10.0 F =[-19.i-14.95+43.7k] Ib Calculate the Magnitude of the force F F = y(-19.1) +(-14.9) +43.77 = 49.96 Ib Step 5 of 5 Calculate the Coordinate direction angles of the resultant force B=107.35° 43.7 cosy = O56 4 43.7 49.96 y=28.9° 7 = cos Therefore the force in Cartesian form and the coordinate direction angles areT - Step 1 of 2 2.112P Starting with £(B+D): 4(B+D)=(4i+4i+4e) [(Be+8,/+ Be )+( Dat, i+ Da) =(Ai+4i+4e) [C8 +2 )+(2,4D,)F4+( 2 +B) 4] =A( AFP )G-)+4, (2, +P, )G V+ 4, (8, +2) &) +4,(8, +2) (0 2)+4,(2, +30) A+4 (2 +2002) FA(AAD YE D+A(B TD ED ALA + RYE LY In Dot product, i= j-j/=k-£=1 and remaining terms are zero. A(BtD)=A4(2+D)+4, [2,4 D+ 4 (5 +3) A(B+D=AB+A4D +45, +40, 4+45,440, 9 -———{(0) Step 2 of 2 Now (4 2)+(4 P)=[(4i+4j+at) [2943 54+284)]+ [(4i+-43+44)(Di+D,j+D-4)] = AB, Ga)+4,, G-)+48(-#)+4,38, (7-4)+4,8, (7-4) +AB, FR) FAB, (F442, (bS)+ 48, (k e)+AD. (7) +AD, (+42, (1-b)+4,D, (5 1) +42, (4-4)+4,2, (4-4) +A.D, (E41) +AD, (EJ) +4D,(F-&) In Dot product, ¢.4= 7 f=k-&=1 and remaining terms are zero. (4 B)+(4-D)=43,4+4,8,+43,448,4+4D,4+4,D,4+4D, ---------(2) Equating the equation (1) & (2) we get. A (B+D)=(A-B)+(4.D)T - Step 1 of 3 2.113P Step 2 of 3 Fosition vector of the O.A, OA=(400i1+250k)mm =(0.41+0,25)m Position vector of the OB , OC =(50i1+300j)mm = (0.051+0.3))m OA=|0A| = f{0.4)' +(0.25)? = 0.472 m oc =|oc| = ,f{0.05)" + (0.3) =0.304m Step 3 of 3 Angle between OA, and OC, cos G= O4OT joajoc| (0.41 +0,25k).(0,051+0.3/) (0.472)(0.304) = 0.139 6=81.99° = 82°[ 1 Step 1 of 3 2.114P Given triangular plate Step 2 of 3 Calculate the position vector of AC Ne =(3-0)i+ (5-1) j+(0-)k =3i+4j-1k "cc =P +e sy =5.099 m Calculate the position vector of AB Ny = (0-0)i+(3—1) j+(4-k =2j-3k ra NEP =361m Step 3 of 3 Find the angle between the sides of the triangular plate @=cos”! (% ta) "chan (eee) 5.099 3.61 @=74.22° Therefore the angle between the sides of the triangular plate is 74.22°|Step 1 of 7 Step 2 of 7 The position vectors 74.7, &7, are F,=O8+1f+lk F = 084+ 3j+4k Fy= B+5j+0k Step 3 of 7 The position vector 79g = 7) — 7 =(3+5j+ 0k)—(0i+3j+4k) Teo = (38 +27-4k) The magnitude of Fpy is (re y = (ras), + (rs0), +(e), "ac = (PrP seay yg = 5.39 Step 4 of 7 Checking with Cosine law The position vectors Fa =he-hy = (3) +4k)- (1) +1k) Fg = 2j+3k The magnitude of Fy, ts rip = 243? Pap =V4+9 yp = 3.6055 m Step 5 of 7 And Fe theh =(%+5/)-(+ lk) Py = (3 +45- Ik) The magnitude of Fyg is re = 34+ 4? +(-17 rye = OF TE+T rg = 5.099m Step 6 of 7 Tn dot product Faye Pao = Pap Xan 0089 ol (27+3%)-(3+45-18) 8=cos7 (24+ 3) (34 4p 1k) °° 3.6055%5.099 = cost (2x4) +(3x=1) 18.3845 8=74.2185° Step 7 of 7 By cosine rule Me = Fan thao — Shas ag 6088 rhe = (3.6055) + (5.099)" — 2(3.6055)(5.099) cos 74.2185 ag = 128.9994 rpg = 5:39 .. The length of side BC of triangular plate is |r,. =5.39m “| 2.115PStep 1 of 4 Step 2 of 4 The position vectors of F,and #, are F, = 01+ 07 +364 FR, = 18-12) + 0k And Fas =F = (181-12) - (36%) Fag = 181-12; -36« Step 3 of 4 The magnitude of Fy, is rh, = (18)? +(-12)' +(-36)° Fag = 1764 Figg =42 The unit vector ig, is i, -"@ Ta _ 18-127 - 36% - 42 ti gy = 0.4285 j-0.2857 j- 0. 8571k Step 4 of 4 The magnitude of the projected force along the z-axis is (Fa oes =Fg x(a), = 700% (-0.8571) (® oes =-6001b .. The magnitude of projected component of force is CF nw =-600Ib “| 2.116PStep 1 of 4 “| 2.117P Step 2 of 4 The position vectors F&F, are Fy = OF +0) +36h Fa = l2sin 30 +1 2003 307+ OF Fo = 65410, 39237 +0k And Fag =F = (6i+10.3923 ;)- (36%) Fag = 66+ 10.3923 7 — 364 Step 3 of 4 The magnitude of yo is (uc) = +(10.3923)" + (-36)° Nag = V1440 Pag = 37.9473 The unit vector tag is y= Tac Tae _ 6§+10.3923j — 36k 37.9473 an = 0.15818 + 0.27386 j- 0.948684 Step 4 of 4 The magnitude of the projected force along the z-axis 13 (Fa raj = By (uae), = 600x (-0.94868) (Fo) es =-569.21041b .. The magnitude of projected component of force is Cz, oui = “5591Step 1 of 3 Free body diagram: F= (i-4]-10K TEN Step 2 of 3 Given that, The force acting atO, F ={2i+4j+10k} kN Let A, be the projection of the force along the pole From the figure Position vector of the pole axis, r= 2i+2j-k Length of the pole, r = (oy +02) +{(-1) r=3m Unit vector of the pole axis, A. = t = 2i+2j-k 3 = 3(ai+25- k) Step 3 of 3 The projection of the force along the pole, A= FA, A= eran [ (2i+ 25 - %)] F,= Zi (ax2)+(4x 2)-(10x1)} The projection of the force along the pole, |F, 3 kN] “| 2.118P[ 7 Step 1 0f3 2.119P Draw the free body diagram of the given section. zZ Step 2 of 3 Determine the position vector of point A, CA =3j Determine the position vector of point B, CB = 2i+2j-2k Angle between the y — axis of the pole and the wire AB is ‘ g’ Position vector of the y — axis of the pole is CA Step 3 of 3 Write the position vector of the line AB, AB=CB-CA = (2i + 2j-2k)-3j = (2i -j- 2k) Calculate the angle @ of the given system, CA-AB Ica} 1AB) = (3j)-(2i- j-2k) (3): y(2) +(-1F +(-27 3 9 cosa = | cosa =-— 3 ‘G) =cos”| -— 3 @=109.47° Determine the angle between the y axes of the pole and wire AB. 0=180°-@ =180°-109.47° =70,5° Therefore, the required angle is [79.59] .Step 1 of 7 Step 2 of 7 The position vectors of #,, 7,7), Mand % is Fy = O84 OF + Oe A, = O1+27+0k y= +27 2k Fp =4i+25-2k A =4i+5j-2k Step 3 of 7 The position vectors Fy, is Ten = 75-7 = (0i+2+0k)—(41+57-2k) yp = “HH - 3 + 2k The magnitude of Fy, is 2 2 2 2 (rea) = (-4) +(-3) +2) Ppp = ¥164+9 44 yy = 5.3851m The unit vector a, 13 iS Bi, = "pe _ ~4i- 3+ 2k 5.3851 Step 4 of 7 The position vector of Fy is hao = fof = (4i+ 2 —- 2k) -(41+57-2k) Fog = OF -3 7+ 0K The magnitude of Fig is (Fm) = 0 +{-3) +0? "ep = v9 gp = 3m Step 5 of 7 The force vector F is For Uy = 600. #73 + 2k 5.3851 B = -445,674i — 334,2556 j +222, 837k Step 6 of 7 The magnitude of force along ED is (Feo), =F.it, - =i Fe) = 7 (Fo}=F 3 = (-445.674¢ — 334, 25567 + 222.837k)- (3) _ 334.2556x3 3 (Fao), = 334.2556 N Step 7 of 7 By Pythagoras theorem, (Fao) + (Fao) =F? (Fan) yp = -y( 600)" — (334.2556) (Fup) yy = 498.27N .. The magnitudes of force are (Feo), = 334N| and |(7pp),,, =498N “| 2.120P~T 2.121P We don't have the solution to this problem yet. Get help from a Chegg subject expert. Ask an expert[ 1 Step 1 of 4 2.122D Draw the force system as shown below: Zz 3 ft Step 2 of 4 The coordinates of points A, B and C are: A(0,6,2). B(-3, 0,4) And C(Scos60°, 0, Ssin60°) ts = OB - OA Calculate the position vector of AB by using the following equation: Substitute, -3i+0j+4k for OB. 0i+6j+2k for O4 ts = (-3-0)i+(0-6)j+(4-2)k =-3i-6j+2k Calculate the Magnitude of position vector r,, represent the length of AB rue = (3) +(6) #2 = 943644 = J49 =7ft Step 3 of 4 Calculate the position vector of AC by using the following equation: F,¢ = (5cos60°- 0)i+(0-6)j+(Ssin60°-2)k = 2.5i -6j + 2.33k Calculate the Magnitude of r,. , represent the length of AC tye = Y(2.5)' +(-6)' +(2.33)° = ¥6.25+36+5.43 V47.68 =6.90 ft Step 4 of 4 Calculate the angle between cables AB and AC by using the following equation: cos@ = 148 Tac. Tash ac Substitute, (-31-6J+ 2k) forr,,, (2.51- 6] + 2.33K) forty, 7 ft fOr r4,, 6.90 ft fOr rye (-3i-6j+ 2k]-[2.5i-6j+2.33k] 7x 6.90 _ 77.5 4+36+4.66 483 _ 33.16 483° 8 = cos ' (0.68654) = 46.64" Therefore, the angle between AB and AC is[@ = 46.64°| cos@ =[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.123P Draw the force system 3 ft Step 2 of 4 Find the position vector of AC “¢ = (5xcos 60° -0)i+(0-6)j+(5xsin 60°-2)k = 2.5i-6j+2.33k Calculate the Magnitude of r,. , represent the length of AC = (2-5) +(-6)' +(2.33)° = ¥6.25 4+ 3645.43 V47.68 Fyc = 6.90 ft Step 3 of 4 Find the position vector of AO Kyo = (0-0)i+(0-6)j+(0-2)k =0i-6)-2k Calculate the Magnitude of r,,,, represents the length of AO = 0" +(y +(-2F =V36+4 = 40 Vy = 6,32 ft Step 4 of 4 Calculate the angle ¢ between cables AC and AO cos¢ = “4c Tuo Tachso 2.51-6j+2.33k]-[0i-6j- cosp=! $i-6}+2.33k]-[01-6j- 2k] 6x6.32 _ 0436-4.66 osg = 43.61 Therefore the angle between cables AC and AO, ¢ is sg = 2134 43.61 3134 $= 008" 7361 6=44.05° 44,05°[ 1 Step 1 of 7 2.124D Draw the force system 3 ft Step 2 of 7 Find the coordinates of points 4(-3,0,4) B(0,6.2) Find the position vector of AB Ty, = OB-OA =(-3-0)i+(0-6)j+(4+2)k =-3i-6j+2k Calculate the Magnitude of r,, represent the length of AB tg = (3) +(6) +2 = J9+3644 = 49 ryg =7 ft Step 3 of 7 Find the unit vector of AB Uy ta. ‘a _ ~3i-6j+ 2k 7 2-348 5426 7 7 7 Step 4 of 7 Express the force F,, in Cartesian force Fug = Fug Use Substitute 70 Ib for Fy. we get -3. 6, 2 F,, = 70-|-—i--j+=k AB [ 7 qi 7 | =[-301-60j+20k] Ib Step 5 of 7 Find the position vector of AO Kyo = (0-0)i+(0-6)j+(0-2)k =0i-6j-2k Calculate the Magnitude of r,,,, represents the length of AO to = YO? +(-6)' +(-2)' = 3644 -/0 yg = 6.32 ft Step 6 of 7 Find the unit vector of AO Uj. = Tho _ 0i-6j-2k 632 =Qi-—S_j-—2 632" 632 Step 7 of 7 Calculate the projected component of F,, along the axis of strut AO Fo = Fug Uo =[-304-60+20%}/ 0-25-24] 632! 6.32 = 0456.96 -6.33 = 50.63 Ib Express the force F,, in Cartesian form Fug = Fig Uso 6. 2 =50.63-| i-—°_j-—2_k "6327 632 =[-48.1j-16.02k] Ib Therefore force F’,, in Cartesian form is |Fy, = —48.1j- 16.02k] Ib[ 1 Step 1 of 4 2.125P Draw the force system of the rod, +z +x Step 2 of 4 Find the position vector of AC Tye = (5x cos 60° - 0)i+(0-6) j+(5xsin60°-2)k = 2.5i-6j+2.33k Calculate the Magnitude of r,,., represent the length of AC rye = (2-5) +(6) +(2.33)° = ¥6.25 + 36+5.43 V47.68 hye = 6.90 ft Step 3 of 4 Find the unit vector of AC Vr = fac Tac _ 2.51-6j+2.33k 6.9 25; 6 2.33) j- je 69 69° 69 Express the force Fue in Cartesian force Bye = Fue Vgc Substitute 60 Ib for F,.., Fy = 60 254-5 j+2234| 69 69° 69 = [21.741-52.17j+20.26k] Ib Step 4 of 4 Find the position vector of AO Kyo = (0-0)i+(0-6) j+(0-2)k =0i-6j-2k Calculate the Magnitude of r,,,, represents the length of AO lo = 0 +(-6)' +(-2)° = 3644 =V¥40 =6.32 ft Find the unit vector of AO Uy = Tho _ 0i-6j-2k 6.32 =Qi-—8_j_-—2 632) 6.32 Calculate the projected component of F’,,. along the axis of strut AO Fyg = Fy Upon = [21.744 52.17} +20.26k] | 01-2 j-—2k 632! 6.32 = 4952-641 = 43.11 1b Express the force F,, in Cartesian form Pio = Frio Yao 6.32" 6.32 =[-40.9j- 13.6k] Ib Therefore force F,, in Cartesian form is |F,, = —40.9j- 13.6k] {b 43.11 01-55 Ee]Step 1 of 4 Step 2 of 4 We know that cos? 60° cos*60°+ cos? o= 1 cos? g=1- 200s? 60" $= 135° Step 3 of 4 Force vector of the Fy = 30 lb 5-301b Ke F[cos30°sin 30% +cos 30°cos30°j —sin 30%] = 30[0.4331+0.75j -0.9k] = 1314+ 22,5)-15k Unit vector of the F2 = 25 tb dy = cos 135% +cos60°j +cos 60% =-0.7071 +0.5j7+0.5k Step 4 of 4 Projected component of F and along the line Fo A, = [Ral = (151+ 22.5j-15k). (-0.707i+ 0.5 +0.5k)| = |-9.194+11.25-7.5] = [5.44] =5.44 1b FR, = 5.44 1b “| 2.126P[ 7 Step 1 0f7 2.127P F430 lb Step 2 of 7 From the figure, For the force #, The coordinate direction angles makes with» andz axis are given 4 = 60° ¥_ = 60° Step 3 of 7 From cosine rule, cos’a,+cos* A, +cos y, =! costa, +cos?60°+cos*60°= 1 cos", +0.25+0.25=1 cos?ay, = 1-0.5 cosa, = 0.5 cosa, =+0.707 &, = 45° or 135° But «, > 90° &% = 135° Step 4 of 7 For the force #: The z component of the force. #, =—A sin 30° The horizontal component of the force, 4, = A cos 30° The x component of the force, #, = Hsin 30° 4 = & cos 30°sin 30° The y component of the force, # ‘yl Fy = A cos 30° cos 30° =F, cos 30° Step 5 of7 Force vector of the force 4, F, = (A003 30° sin 30°)i+ (cos 30° cos 30°) j + (-F sin 30°Vk R= [(cos30° sin 30°)i+ (cos 30°cos 30°)j+(- sin 30°)k] F, = #[0.434+0.75j- 0.5] .. The unit vector for the force 4 is 4 =0.4331+0.75j-0.5k Step 6 of 7 Unit vector for the force #,, 2. = cos Git cos ALj+ cos yk deg = 608135%+c08605j +c0s60% deg = - 0.7071 + 0.5j +0. 5k Step 7 of 7 The angle between Mand F, is 8 cosh=)y-Ay cos 8 = (0.43214 0.75j - 0.5k) -(-0.7071+ 0,5} +0.5k) cos @ = (0.433) (-0.707) +( 0.75) (0.5) +(-0.5) (0.5) cos 6 = —0.306 +0,.375- 0.25 cos 6 =—0.181 8 = 100.439[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.128P Draw the force acting to segment BC of the pipe assembly. Zz F =[30i—45j+50k | Ib Step 2 of 4 Write the coordinates of the points B and C B(3,4,0). C(7,6,-4) Write the position vector of BC Tec = [7- 3}i + [6-4]i +[-4-0]k = 4i+2j-4k Calculate the magnitude of r,,. tac = (erty 36 =6ft Step 3 of 4 Find the unit vector of BC Une Tac Tec _ 4i+2j-4k 6 =4i42j-4n 6 6 6 Calculate the Magnitude of the component of force along the segment BC Fag =F -Upge Substitute [301-45] +50k] Ib for F and fi+2j-Sk for Uge Fc = [30k 455504] [$42 )-24| ~(s0x4)-(45x2)-(sox4) 6 6 6 = 20-15+33.33 = 38.33 Ib Step 4 of 4 Calculate the magnitude of the component of force perpendicular to the segment BC P= Frag? +F, ‘ec Fig = FPF Substitute (30? +45? +50”) for 2 and 38.33 Ib for F,,. Fuge = 30? +45? + 50? - 38.33? = 62.89 1b Therefore, magnitude of the component of force acting along and perpendicular to the segment BC are 32 331bi and 16? 29 lblStep 1 of 4 Draw the force system as follows: Step 2 of 4 Find the coordinates of points as follows: A(0,0, 0) > Bi (3,4,0) C(7,6,-4) Calculate the position vector of AC. tc = (7-0)i+(6-0)j+(-4-0)k =7i+ 6j-4k Calculate the magnitude Of ry as follows: he HYP +6 +(4Y = (49+36+16 vi0i =10.04 ft Step 3 of 4 Calculate the unit vector of AC by using the equation as follows: Substitute (7i+6j-4k) for Pye and 10.04 ft for hic: _ Ti4+6j-4k 10.04 -|—_44-&_j-_*_x|a 10.04" * 10,04" 70.04 Uae Calculate the magnitude of the component of force along the segment AC. Fie = FU 10.04 10.04" 10,04 Substitute [301 - 45j+50k] Ib for F and [ao aoa rata | f for Uy. - aes 7... 6 4 Fe =[20i—asjes0u}] i+ Sj] = 20.9-26.89-19.9 =-25.89 Ib Therefore, the magnitude of force along AC is|=25.89 Ib]. Step 4 of 4 Express the force F¥,. in Cartesian form as follows: Puc = Pye Vyc Substitute -25.89 Ib for Fic and 74,6 j- 4, ft for U c: “ 10.04 10.04" 10.04 “ F,.. = -25.89- 73,6 3-4 10.04 10.04" 10.04 =[-18.01-15.4j +10.3k] ib “| 2.129P Therefore the Cartesian form of the projected component of along AC is [-18.0i -15.4j+10.3k] Ib].[ 1 Step 1 of 4 2.130P Draw the force system F =[30i+45j+50k | Ib Step 2 of 4 Find the coordinates of points 4(0,0,0), B(3,4,0) Find the position vector of BA ¥,, = OA-OB =[0-3]i+[0-4]j+[0-0]k =-3i-4j+0k Calculate the Magnitude of r,, represent the length of BA tan = y(-3) +4)" Step 3 of 4 Find the position vector of BC Ya =[7-3]i+ [6-4] j+[4-0]k = 4i+ 2j-4k Calculate the Magnitude of r,,., represent the length of BC fae HNP HP 44? = V16+4+16 36 =6f Step 4 of 4 Calculate the angle @ between BA and BC cos@ = Tee Tac. Taatac _ [-3i-4j+ Ok]-[4i + 2j- 4k] 7 5x6 _712-8+0 "30 _20 30 7) 30 0 =131.8° Therefore the angle between pipe segment BA and BC is [@ = 131.89] @=cosStep 1 of 4 Step 2 of 4 Position vector of AU, AQ =-4j-3k Position vector of AB, AB =1.5i-4j+(6-3)k =15-4j+ 3k Position vector of AC, AC =-2i1-4j +(4 - 3)k =-2i-4j+k Step 3 of 4 Angle between AB and AO AB AO |ABIAO| (1.51-4j+ 3k). (-4j- 3k) of. 5744? +3? fa? 43? 16-9 cos 8= 6- 6.1 7 nN 6.1 = 0.2682 8=74.4° = 744° Step 4 of 4 Angle between AC and AO (-2i-4j+k).(-4j- 3k) f4416+1V16+9 _ 0+16—3 osp= 22.913 = 0.567 [o=554° cosp= “| 2.131P[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.132P F =400N Step 2 of 4 Given: a, = 45°, 8, = 60° and y, = 120° The magnitude of projected force #, along the line of force #) 1s (Fpei = A ii, The unit vector of i, is &, = cos Qitcos B+ cos we = cos45i+ cos 607 +c0s 120k id, = 0.707 +0.57-0.5k Step 3 of 4 The x-component of force # is A, = (Asin 35°) xcos 20 = (400 sin 35) x cos 20 A, = 215.5942N The y-component of force A is A, =— (Asin 35°)x sin 20° = —(400 sin 35) xsin 20 Ay =—78.4698N The z-component of force A is A, = Acos35° = 400 cos 35° A, = 327.6608N The Cartesian vector B = 215.5942: — 78.4698 }+ 327.6608% Step 4 of 4 The magnitude of the projected component along the line of action: (Day = Ai = (45.5942: - 78.4698 j + 327.6608k). (0.707 1i-+0.5j- 0.5%) = ((215.5942 0.707 1) +(—78.4698x 0.5) + (327.6608 x0 5)) (FL) at =-50.6186N .. The magnitude of the projected component along the line of action is Fle é 50,6N]Step 1 of 4 Step 2 of 4 Given: a, = 45°, @ = 60° andy, = 120° The unit vector of i, is Hy = cos Gi t+cos Bitcoswk = cos45i+ cos 607 +003 1204 8, = 0,.707K+0.57-O.5% The Cartesian vector of Bz, is & =Fy iy = 400.(0.707 4 + 0.57-0.5k) EB, = 282.843 + 200 — 200k Step 3 of 4 The x-component of force A is A, = (Asin 35) cos 20 = (400sin 35) cos 20 A, = 215.594N The y-component of force # is Ay =- (A sin 35°) sin 20° = —(400sin 35) sin 20 Hy =—78.4698 N The z-component of force F is Ay = F,cos35 = 400 cos 35 Ay = 327.6608N The Cartesian vector A = 215.5942: - 78.4698 )+ 327.6608% Step 4 of 4 Tn dot product, B f= Hx F,cos8 af Fz O= cos (#4) aif (215.5942: -78.469} +327. 6608K) (282.84 + 200 j- 200k) ees ( 400%400 ) B= cos? (ae +(-78.469% 200) see) 160900 9 = cos” (-0.12659) 8=97.2731 .. The angle between the two cables is |9 = 97.3° “| 2.133P[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.134P Draw the force system Step 2 of 4 Express the force F = 90 Ib in Cartesian form F =[-90xcos60°xcos45°]i +[90xcos60xsin 45°] j+[90x sin 60°]k =—31.82i+31.82j+77.94k Find the coordinates of the points, B(0,3,1) A(1.5,0,0) Find the position vector of AB Tyg =OB-OA =(0-4.5)i+(3-0)j+(i-0)k =-1.Si+3joIk Step 3 of 4 Calculate the Magnitude of r,, represent the length of AB rag =f (- 1.5) +(3) +P = 2.254941 = 12.25 =3.5 ft Step 4 of 4 Find the unit vector of AB tr Uy = as _ —1.Si+3jr+ik Calculate the Magnitude of force acting parallel to diagonal AB Frnt =F “Uys = [pisaie ai saje rim} {E316 5+] 35 35° 3.5 = 13.63+27.27 + 22.68 = 63.58 Ib Calculate the Magnitude of force acting perpendicular to the diagonal AB —_ z Fyerpentevter = {PF = Fo = foo? — 63.582 — 63.58" Therefore the Magnitude of the force Parallel and Perpendicular to = 63.69 Ib diagonal AB are | Forse = 63.58 Ib] and | Fremenicuar = 63.69 Ib}[ 1 Step 1 of § 2.135P Draw the free body diagram. x Step 2 of 5 Write the coordinates of points. A(0,9,6) B(0,5, 0) Calculate position vector of AB. AB=8-A =(0-0)i+(5-4)j+(0-6)k = (4j -6k) ft Calculate the magnitude of 4p . [AB|= (4) +(-6) =7.211 ft The applied force is as follows: F= (251 -50j+10k) N Calculate the magnitude of the applied force. [FI= y(28)' +(-50)' +(10)" = 56.789 N Step 3 of 5 Consider @ be the angle between F and line AB. Calculate the angle @ by using the following relation: Here, F is the force applied and |F| is the magnitude of force applied. Substitute (254 -50j+10k) N for F . 56.789 N tor |F| , (—4j-6k) ft for AB . and 7.211 ft for [ABy _ (25i-50j+10k)-(—4j- 6k) 7 (56.789) (7.211) cos 6 = LOY) +(10)(-5) 409.505 @ =cos"' (0.3418) 0=70° 0s O Step 4 of 5 Calculate the component of the force acting along the axis 4p F, =|F\cosé Substitute 56,789 N for |F| and 70° for @. F, = 56.789 cos 70° =19.423N Therefore, the magnitude of the applied force component along the axis 4B is . Step 5 of 5 Calculate the component of the force acting perpendicular to the axis AR - F, =|Flsiné Substitute 56.789 N for |F| and 79° for g. F, = 56.789sin 70° = 53.364N Therefore, the magnitude of the applied force component perpendicular to the axis AB is |§3.364 N| -[ 7 Step 1 of 4 2.136P Step 2 of 4 Position vector of BD, BD= (4 nfs — ai — (3x) =5.514+4j- 2k Unit vector along BD, don = Py 5.51 +4j -2k 5? 14 +(2) = (465.5i+338.6j -169.3k) N Position vector along AC, AC = (-3i +4j -4k) m = (600) , —31+4j-4k Unit vector along AC, 44¢ = ——— WSS TI6TI6 =-0.5i+0.6j-0.6k Step 3 of 4 Parallel component of AC (Fac) yoane = Fo hac = (465.5i + 338.6] - 169. 3k). (0.51 +0.6j- 0.6k) =99.1N C Fc) panna =99.1N] Step 4 of 4 L’ Component of the AC (Fac) r= (Fan Fun) - (Fac Yeu = f (465.5) + (3386) +(-169.3)" |-(99.1) =591.8N (Fas), = 5918 N[ Step 1 of 10 2.137P Figure showing the positon of various points. Step 2 of 10 The coordinates of each point 0 =(0,0,0) A=(0,0,4) C =(-3,4,0) D=(4,6,0) Find the distance from point O to C. OC = (3-0)' +(4-0)' +(0-0)' =V3' +4? =5m Find the distance from point A to C. AC = |(3-0)' +(4-0)' +(0-4)° ae +844? = 6.403 m Step 3 of 10 Figure showing the positon of point B in AOC triangle. A O 5 a . nd Step 4 of 10 Step 5 of 10 Find the distance B'C by apply similar triangle rule AC, BC oc BC 643 5 a 3x5 a=—— 6.4 @=2.34m Find the distance BR‘ by apply similar triangle rule. OA Be oc BC 4 BB 5 2.34 BB'= 4x 2.34 5 BB =1.87m This the z component of point B . Step 6 of 10 Figure showing the triangle OCC’ . Step 7 of 10 Find the distance QO" by apply similar triangle rule. OC _ OB oc’ OB" $_ 5-234 3 OB" opt = 2:56%3 3 OB" =1.6m This is the x component of point B. Find the distance g’g” by apply similar triangle rule. co ae oC’ OB 488 3° 16 ppt = 2X18 3 BB =2.13m This is the y component of point 8. The coordinates of point B is B=(-1.6,2.13,1.87) Step 8 of 10 Find the positon vector of AC. No =OC-OA =(-3-0)i+(4-0)j+(0-4)k =-31+ 4j-4k Find the positon vector of BD. ‘pp = OD - OB =(441.6)i+(6-2.13)j+(0-1.87)k = (5.61 +3.87j-1.87k) m Step 9 of 10 Find the angle made by the vector BD with AC Fac" sp racllso cos@ = Substitute, (-3i+ 4j-4k) for r,_ and (5.61 +3.87j—1.87k) for Pap - (-314 4j—4k)-(5.64+3.87)-1.87k) V(-3) +4? + (4)? f5.67 43.877 +(-1.87) _ (-3x5.6)+(4x3.87) + (4x -1.87) 7 6.403 7.0593 cos? = = 0.1363 6 =cos""(0.1363) =82.166° Step 10 of 10 Parallel component is given by, F/=Fxcos0 = 600x cos82.166° =81.7821N Perpendicular component is given by. FL =F xsin? = 600x sin 82.166° =594.4N Therefore, the parallel and perpendicular component are |81.782] N| and 1594.4 N| respectively.7s 7 Step 1 of 2 2.138P F=300N Step 2 of 2 The z-component of the force F ts R= -(¥ sit 30) sin 30 Ra (300% sit 30) sin 30 F=-75N The y-component of the force F is #, = Fos 30° = 300 x cos 30 #, = 259.8076N .. The magnitudes of projected components of the force along x axis is |F* and along y axis is |#, = 260N]Step 1 of 6 Free body diagram: Step 2 of 6 Coordinates 0(0,0,0) A( 300+ 300 sin 30°, 300, 300cos 30°) .A(450,300, 259.8076) Step 3 of 6 The x-component of force F is Fos -(F sin 30°)sin 30° F,= -(300sin 30°) sin 30° #,=-75N The y-component of force F is E, = F cos 30° #,= 300xcos 30° F, = 259.8076 N Step 4 of 6 The z-component of force F is F, = (F sin 30°} cos30° F,= (300sin 30°) cos 30° F,= 129.9038 N The Cartesian vector of F =—75i + 259.8076] +129.9038k Step 5 of 6 The position vectors OA, O4=—450i +300j+259.8076k The magnitude of OA, |OA]= {4507 +(300)" +(259.8076)" |Oa| = 4360000 |Qa]= 600 The unit vector of OA, Ay = (oa —450i+300j+259,8076k Jag = EG Step 6 of 6 The magnitude of the force of projection along OA line is (Fos )on =F aay (Fea)ong = (~751-+259.80763-+129 99384) AE 05429 STO) (-75x-450) +( 259.8076 300) + (129.9038 x 259.8076) (Foes )oneg = a 33750-+77942.28 +33750 (Fea )p¢§ = $$ 600 3375047794228 +33750 (Faas = 9g (Fon lores = 242-4030 (Foung = 242 8 “| 2.139P[ a Step 1 of 3 2.140RP Draw the force system Step 2 of 3 Find the Co-ordination of point A A=(-125xsin 25°,125xcos 25°) =(-52.83 mm, 113.29 mm) Find the Co-ordination of point B B =(400 mm, 0) Step 3 of 3 Calculate the position vector of AB Fy, = [400 -(-52.83) ]i+[0-113.29]j = 452.831-113.29j Calculate the Magnitude of the connecting rod AB typ = of 452.83" +(-113.29)" = 466.79 mm Therefore the length of the connecting rod AB is |[ a Step 1 of 6 2.141RP Given F = 200N F, =150N 8, = 45° 8, = 30° Step 2 of 6 RIN ¥ Step 3 of 6 x — Component of the force F, F, =Fsin45° = 200sin 45° =141.42N Step 4 of 6 y— Component of the force, F = 200N F, =F, cos45° = 200cos45° =141.42N Step 5 of 6 x — Component of the force E, F,, =—F, cos 30° = —150cos 30° =-129.9N FE, =-129.9N Step 6 of 6 y— Component of the force, F, = 150N F,, = F, sin 30° =150sin 30° =75N Fr, =75N[ ] Step 1 of 5 2.142RP Given F = 200N F, =150N 8, = 45° 8, = 30° Step 2 of 5 FUN x Step 3 of 5 x — Component of the resultant +R, = DF, =F sin 45°— E, cos 30° = 200sin 45°—150.cos 30° =11.52N y— Component of the resultant +TR,=DE = 200cos45° +150 sin 30° =21642N Step 4 of 5 So, Resultant, R = nie +R? = 1152 +216.47 = 216.73N R=217N Step 5 of 5 Direction, 6= tan™ =}a od Step 4 of 10 2.143RP Step 2 of 10 Given that, The forces acting on the gusset plate A = 200 lb F, = 40016 F,=3001b F, = 300 Ib Step 3 of 10 For F = 200 Ib: The x component of the force A, A, =-A F, = 20016 The y component of the force A, Step 4 of 10 For F, = 400 lb: The x component of the force A), A, = % (3) 4 Fay = 400(} F,, = 320 Ib Step 5 of 10 The y component of the force 7), A, =-& (2) 3 Ay ~-400(2) Fi, = —240 Ib Step 6 of 10 For F, = 300 tb: The x component of the force R, A= % (2) 3 Fy, = 300 (2) F, =180 tb Step 7 of 10 The y component of the force 7, Ry = a(Z) 4 By = 300( 2) Step 8 of 10 For & = 300 Ib: The x component of the force F,, &, =—# The y component of the force Ay, Step 9 of 10 Let R,and 2, are the x and y components of the total resultant force R The x component of the resultant force, 2, =A, +h, +A, +H, R, = —200 +320+180 - 300 R=0 The y component of the resultant force, 2, =A, +A, +4, +A, R, = 0-240+240+0 R,=0 Step 10 of 10 The resultant force, R= iB +R This shows that the resultant Force is zerois od Step 1 of 10 2.144RP Draw the free body diagram of the system y-axis Step 2 of 10 Draw the schematic diagram resolving forces for F, along x and y direction. Fi x Beene escasessacescaseasnsescucesssees oo X Step 3 of 10 Resolve the x component of the force F,. F, = Fsin@ Substitute 500 N for A and 20° for@ F, = 500sin 20° =I71N Resolve the y component of the force F, . F, = Fcosé Substitute $00 N for F and 20° forg F,, =500cos 20° = 469.85 N =470N Step 4 of 10 Draw the schematic diagram resolving the forces for 400 N force along x and y direction. F, v. Step 5 of 10 Resolve the x component of the force F,. F,, = F,cos0 Substitute, 49Q N for F, and 39° for g. F,,, = 4000s 30° = 346.41 N Resolve the y component of the force F,. F,, = F,sin? Substitute, 400 N for F, and 30° for g. F,, = 400sin 30° = 200 N Step 6 of 10 Draw the schematic diagram resolving forces for 600 N force along x and y direction. F, = 600N Step 7 of 10 Resolve the x component of the force F,. 4 B= Bee Substitute, -600 N for F, - F, =~600x4 =-480 N Resolve the y component of the force Fy. 3 Aya Bx Substitute, 600 N for F, . 3 FB, = 600x= =360N Step 8 of 10 Calculate the x component of the resultant force (R, ) R=, +h, +h, Substitute, 17] N for F,, 346.41 N for Fj, and -480 N for Fy. R, =171.01+346.41-480 =37.41N Calculate the y component of the resultant force (R,) : R oF, +h, +8, Substitute, 470 N for Fy. 200 N for Fi, and 360 N for Fy, R, = 470 + 200 + 360 =1030 N Step 9 of 10 Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force ( R). Re Ma y+(a,y Substitute 37.42 N for R, and 1030 N for R, . R= ¥(37.42)' +(1029.85)° =1030.679 N =1030.68 N Therefore, the resultant force acting on the ring (R) is[1030.68 N]- Step 10 of 10 Calculate the angle made by the resultant. MF Substitute 1030 N for R,. and 37,42 N for R, . ___, [1030 g='an eas =8791° = 88° Therefore the angle made by the resultant with the horizontal ($) is |gge] .T | Step 1 of 3 2.145RP Draw the free body diagram of the given system, F=30kN Step 2 of 3 Calculate the x - component of the force F, using. F,, = F,cos(270° - 30°) Substitute 30 KN for Fj; in the above equation, F,, = -30c0s(270° - 30°) =-15 kN Calculate the y - component of the force F, using. F,, = F;sin(270° -30°) Substitute 30 KN for F; in the above equation, F,, = 30sin(270° - 30°) =—25.98 kN Find the Cartesian vector form of the force. F = Fi+ Fd =(-15i —25.98j) kN Therefore the Cartesian vector form of the force F, is |(-15i-25,98j) kN] . Step 3 of 3 Calculate the x - component of the force F, using. A, --7(3] * “13 Substitute 26 KN for F, in the above equation. ,=-26( 3) 13 =-10kN Calculate the y - component of the force F, using. 12 r,=#(2) - 2672) 13 = 24 kN Find the Cartesian vector form of the force F,. F, = F147) =(-10i+24j) kN Therefore the Cartesian vector form of the force F, is |{ 24j) kN]Step 1 of 2 ~] 2.146RP F=350b Step 2 of 2 Position vector of the AB, AB = 50sin 205%+ 50cos 209 - 35k =(17.11+47j- 35k) ft Magnitude, AB =|AB| = (17.1) +(47)? +(-35)" =61f Unit vector of AB, Ayn = AB AB _17.1i1+47j -35k 61 Force vector along AB Fe Figg _ 350(17.1i4+.47j- 35k)Step 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Given, F,=80N F, =75N F,=50N 6, = 30°( with y-axis) @, =45°+ 30° = 75° (With x-axis) @, = 45° (With x- axis) Step 3 of 5 Force vector of the Fi, Fy = 80(-sin Qi+cos Qj) = 80(- sin 30% +cos 30j) = 40+ 69.3) Force vector of the Fa, F, =75(cos754% + sin 75%) = 19.411+72.4j Force vector of the Fs, F, =50 (cos 45% + sin 45%) = 35.351 + 35.355 Step 4 of 5 The resultant, F'=F, +F, = (401+ 69.3}) +(35.351+35.35j) = 4.6451 +104.65j Total resultant, F, =F '+¥, = 4.6451 +104,65j+19.411+72.44j = 14.7651 +177.09j Step 5 of 5 Magnitude of the Fr, Fy =|Fa| = (14.765)? + (177.09 B, Direction, O= (| 2) _ ta 7202) 14.765 = 85,2° ~] 2.147RP[ Step 1 of 6 Given K = 20kN F, =40kN F, = 50kN 8, = 60° Step 2 of 6 Step 3 of 6 Angle between 50KN and x — axis 3 tan @ == % 4 8, = 36.87° Angle between 40kKN and x — axis 1 t =. an @, i 8, = 45° Step 4 of 6 x — Component of the resultant +R, = DF, = 50.cos 36.87°— 20 cos 60°+ 40 cos 45° = 58. 28kN R,, = 58.28kN] y — Component of the resultant force +TR,=D5, = 50 sin 36.87°— 20 sin 60°—40sin 45° Step 5 of 6 Resultant, R =,/R?+R? = f(58.28)' + (-15.6)" = 60.33%N Step 6 of 6 IR. Direction, 6= = (}] R,| aif £15.56] o= tan (# =14.98° ~] 2.148RP[ ] Step 1 of 4 2.149RP Free body diagram: Step 2 of 4 Given that, Force exerted by the cord on the plate at A, F = 340 Ib Position vector of A, QA =%1+9j Position vector of B, OB = 12k Let F be the Cartesian vector form in the cord AB Let AB be the length ofthe cord Step 3 of 4 Position vector of AB, AB=QB-OA AB =(12k)-(81+9j) AB =-81-9j + 12k Length of the cord, |AB|=, (-8)' + (-9)? +(12)° |AB|= 289 Step 4 of 4 AB Cartesian vector form of the force, F = 7--—— |Ag| =o | SoH | 1 F = 20(-8i-9j 412k) F = (~160i- 180j+ 240k) 1b[ 1 Step 1 of 4 3.001DP Draw the free body diagram of the truss connected at point O . F, =5kN Step 2 of 4 Consider the forces acting on the truss members tobe F, . F, . F, . F, as shown in the figure Write the force equilibrium equation in the x direction. rA=0 F,cos60°+F, sin 20°F, cos30°—F, (3}- Substitute 5 kN for F, and 7 kN for F, . F,cos60°+ F, sin 10° ~Sc0830°-7( 2) = 0 0.5F, +0.94F, -4.33-5.6=0 O.5F, +0.94F, =9.93 9.93-0.94F, 0.5 F= Step 3 of 4 Write the force equilibrium equation in the y direction. rA=0 —F, sin 60° + F, cos 70° + F, sin 30°-F, (2) =0 Substitute § kN for F, and 7 kN for F, -F, sin60° + F, c0570°+5sin30°-7(2 = 0 —0.866F +0.342F, +2.5-4.2=0 —0.866F, + 0.342F, =1.7 9.93- 0.948, ;, Substitute rF,. 08 66( 222 -0.94F, } +0.342F, =1.7 -17.2+1.63F, +0.342F, =1.7 1.972F, =18.9 F, =9.58 kN Therefore, the magnitude of the force F, |S Step 4 of 4 Substitute 9,58 kN for F, in equation (1), to calculate the magnitude of F, . _ 9.93-0.94F, Os _ 9,93-0,94(9.58) 7 0.5 = 1.85 kN F, Therefore, the magnitude of the force F, is .Step 1 of 7 Draw the free body diagram of the concrete panel and pulley. F Step 2 of 7 Consider the entire system is in equilibrium. Find the force exerted on the pulley from the vertical equilibrium equations: Here, force exerted on the pulleyis F , and the weight of the concrete panel is w. Step 3 of7 Consider free body diagram of joint A, F Fig Step 4 of 7 Equate the sum of forces in x direction. DF =0 F,,cos@ = F,.cos@ Fag = Fac Equate the sum of forces in ¥ direction. DA =o F-F,,sin8- F,.sin0 =0 Substitute Fy, for F,, and w for F. F-F,,sin@-F,-sin@ =0 w- F,,sin@- Fy sing =0 w-2Fysin9=0 > (2) - w “ 2sind Step 5 of 7 Consider the triangle ABC B d O d Take length of the cable's AB and AC as ‘L’ and the distance between OB and OC as‘d’ Step 6 of 7 Calculate the angle made at B and C from the triangle ABC. . AO sin@=" | 2 2 Substitute VE'- 4" for sin @ in equation (2). L w Fy = @” 2sin8 - 4) -”_t 2 /P-@ Step 7 of 7 The equation (4) tells that, longer the cables the less the force in each cable. To illustrate that consider: Trail — 1: Take J, =2, and fix @ =| and substitute in equation (4) -¥_2 en 24-1 Fy, = 0.57 Trail — 2: Take J, =3, and fix @ =| and substitute in equation (4). a vo-1 Fy =0.53w w 48 “2 Hence, it is shown that longer the cables the less the force in each cable. “| 3.01CPStep 1 of 7 Given The weight of crate w=550 lb Let Fy5,F4q and F,, be the forces in the cables AB, AC and AD respectively Step 2 of 7 Free body diagram of crate F AD Step 3 of 7 Resolving the forces along y-direction DR=0 Fyp-W =0 Fyp—550=0 Fan = 550 Ib Step 4 of7 The free body diagram of supporting cable Fis F,,. 30° 4 AD Step 5of7 Resolving the forces along x-direction DR=0 4 —Faz cos 30°+ Py X 3)= 0 -0.866F,,+0.8F,, =0 O.8F yy = 0.866 F yp Pye = 1.0825 Fy col) Step 6 of 7 Resolving the forces along y-direction DA-0 Fyysin 20°4fye( 3]-Fan=0 -(2) Substituting the known values in equation (2) we get Fay sin 30°+(1.0825F ys) (3) —550=0 0.5 fg + 0.6495F,,-550= 0 1.149574, = 550 Fay = 478.5 Ib Step 7 of 7 Now substituting the 7.) in equation (1) we get Fag = 1.0825 Fas Fy = 1,0825(478.5) F,,= 518 1b “| 3.01FP[ 1 Step 1 of 3 3.002P The free body diagram at point 0 is Step 2 of 3 The equilibrium of forces The x-component forces are A.cos @+ #, sin 70°—& cos 30°— al; s)-0 cos 6+ 6sin 70° Scos 30°— ~1xh 0 Acos @—4.29197 =0 _ 4.29197 cos@ The y-component forces are ---() 3 —F,sin 8 +F, cos 70°+ A, sin 30°- A, (2) =0 -F,sin @-+6c0s70°+ 5sin 30°-7 “2 =0 A sing=0.3521 —--(2) Step 3 of 3 Substitute equation (1) in equation (2) 4.29197 tan O= 0.3521 tan @ = 0.08203 8= tan’ (0.08203) 8 = 4.6898° Substitute @value in equation (1) _ 4.29197 ~ 5084.6898 R= 4.3063N The angle is [e=4.69"| The magnitude of [F, = 4.31KN]» | Step 1 of 6 3.02CP Draw the free body diagram of the concrete panel and pulley, F Step 2 of 6 Consider the entire system in equilibrium. From the equilibrium equations, we have Sum of forces in the y direction is zero Dr=0 F-w=0 F=w Here, force exerted on the pulley is # and, weight of the concrete panel is w. Step 3 of 6 Consider free body diagram of joint B, F F BA Fc Step 4 of 6 Equate the sum of forces in x direction is zero ZAx0 F,, 0080 = Fy. cos 0 Fray = Fac Equate the sum of forces in ¥ direction is zero > F, = 0 F-F,,sin@- F,-sin@ =0 Substitute, 900 Ib for F,,. . $00 lb for F,, and, 1200 for F , we get 1200-900sin @-900sin @ =0 sing = 1200 1800 O=41,81° Step 5 of 6 Consider the triangle BAC AfL--—----L-- ~~ d O d Length of the cable's BA and BC as 20 ft and the distance between and OC as‘a” Step 6 of 6 Find the distance d from the triangle ABC, sing = 42 AC sin 41.81°= 20 : 20?-d? 41.g1°y =o (sin 7) d =19,78 ft Hence, the distance between B and Cis BC=2xd = 219.78 BC =39,55 ft T herefore the distance between B and Cis | BC 5 ftStep 1 of 6 Given Weight of the beam W = 700 Ib Length of the cable £=10 ft Maximum sustainable force in the cable A, =15001b Let Lage be the length of the cable “| 3.02FP Step 2 of 6 The free body diagram is Step 3 of 6 Resolving the forces along x-direction Thao —Fy, cos O+ Fy, cosG=0 Fi, cos 8 = Fyecosé Fug =F oq Step 4 of 6 Resolving the forces along y-direction DA-0 —F,, sin 8— F,,sin +7 = 0 W = FypsinO+Fy sind W=sin O(F,y+ Fee) W =2F sind a [Fas = Fee] Step 5 of 6 The maximum force that the cable can sustain is 150016 So, Fy, =15001b Substituting F,, in equation (1) we get W = 2F,sin 8 700 = 2(1500) sin 3 700 3000 8= sin” (0.2333) A = 13.4933> sind= Step 6 of 6 The length of the cable (Lam) Egg co8A+ Lyqcosd=10 (Laat Lye) cos@= 10 10 =—_____ w LagtLag= Z cos 13.4933° | ane usc] Lang = 10.28 0. 3ft Lae Zane[ 1 Step 1 of 6 3.003P Draw the diagram representing a lift sling, which is used to hoist a container shown as follows: F 4905 N Step 2 of 6 Calculate the weight of the container. We=mg Here, the mass of the container is m and the acceleration due to gravity is g. Substitute $00 kg for mand 9.81 m/s? for g. W =500x981 =4905N Step 3 of 6 Consider the entire body in the equilibrium. Sum of forces in the y direction are zero aA =o F-W=0 Substitute the known values in the above equation. F-4905=0 F =4905 N Step 4 of 6 Draw the free body diagram of joint A shown as follows: F Pag Fic Step 5 of 6 Consider the equilibrium of horizontal forces. DF.=0 -F,, 00s + F,.cos@=0 Fa =F (1) Consider the equilibrium of vertical forces. rA-0 . -F,,sin@— F,. sin@ +4905 =0 Step 6 of 6 Substitute equation (1) and equation (2). —F,¢ sin8 - F,- sin@ + 4905 = 0 2F,, sin@ = 4905 Fic = 2452. ScosecO Fic = 2.4525 cosec@ kN Consider equation (1). Fag = Fic =2,4525cosec@ KN Therefore, the tension in each of the cables 48 and AC is |2.4525cosecO kN Calculate the shortest length of the cable by considering the maximum tension in the cable as 5 kN . .. 3) Hence, Fog = Fue = 5000 N .....- 4) Equate equation (3} and equation (4), to determine the angle @ . 5000 = 2452.5cosec? cosec @ = 2.0387 8 =29.37° Consider the geometry of the figure to determine the length of the cable. We have the following 1, cos@ = is AC cos 29,37° = 1s Lee Lye =1.72m Therefore, the tension in the cable is [2.45cosec@ kN] and length of the cable isStep 1 of 3 Draw the free body diagram of the Device. Step 2 of 3 Apply equilibrium equations in the x direction. DA=0 Fyg 60830° + Fac = Fan cos@ -....- (1) Apply equilibrium equations in the y direction. LF, =0 Fyg 00830° = Frog sing ...... (2) The tension in the chain ABC is same means Fy, = Fac =T Substitute 7 for Fap , and Fee in equation (1). Tcos30°+T = Fog cos@ ...... (3) Substitute Tfor F4g .and Fy in equation (2). Tsin30° = Fpp sine ...... (4) Step 3 of 3 Solve the equation (3) and (4) to find the angle made, Tsin30°_-Fy,sin@ T(1+c0s30°) Fy, cos sin30°_sin@ (1+cos30°} ~ cos 05 _ tan 1,866 6=15° Therefore, the angle between DB and BC for equilibrium is [915°]s | Step 1 of 4 3.03FP Sketch the free body diagram of the forces acting in the cord as follows: qr, W Step 2 of 4 Obtain the equilibrium of forces acting on the system as follows: Calculate the forces acting on the system along x-axis. IF, =0: -T,cos0+T7.. cosg=0 T, cos@ =T, cosé Here, 7, is the tension acting in the cord AB, 7, is the tension acting on the cord BC, ¢ Is the angle made by the cord BC with horizontal, and @ is the angle made by the cord AB with horizontal. Since the same cord is passing throughout the system apply the following condition T,=%=7 Substitute 7 for T, and tr in equation (1). T, cos@ =T. cose TcosO0=Tcos¢ cos6 =cos¢ o=¢ Step 3 of 4 Calculate the forces acting on the system along x-axis. LF, =0: T,sin0 +7, sing-W =0 T,sin@+T.sing—mg =0 Here, ar is the mass of the pulley, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Substitute 7 for7, and J. @ forg .5kg form , 9.81 m/s? for g Tsin 0+T sin6-5x9.81=0 27sin@=49.05 we {2) Tsin @ = 24.525 Step 4 of 4 Calculate the angle made by the cord as follows: d tan 0 = — 0.2 Here, dis the distance made by the cord. Substitute 0.15 m ford teng= 22> ne 02 8 = tan™'(0.75) = 36.87° Calculate the force acting in cord ABC. Substitute 36.87° for @ in equation (2). T sin 6 = 24.525 T sin 36.87 = 24.525 T x 0.6 = 24.525 T = 40.875 =40.9N Therefore, the force acting in the cord ABC{T = 7, =T,) is .[ 7 Step 1 of 2 3.004P Draw the free body diagram at point 4 . Typ Step 2 of 2 The tension in the cord is equal to the weight of the load carried. Apply the equations of equilibrium and calculate the vertical forces. +f XF,=0 W -T,,sin@-T,- sin@ =0 Here, T,, is the tension in the cord 4g , and T,.. is the tension in the cord AC . Substitute 900 Ib for W . 800 Ib for 7,, . and 800 Ib for T,,.. - 900 -800(sin @) -800(sin 8) =0 1600sin 6 = 900 8 =sin"' (0.5625) 6 =34,23° Therefore, the angle is,Step 1 of 4 Draw the free body diagram of the Chain system “| 3.04CP B ee oe d 0 1.5-d |}}—>—__——_> kk. 15m Step 2 of 4 From the equilibrium equations, Equate sum of forces in the x direction is zero , DA =0 Fyc cos@— Fyg cosa =0 Substitute 0.8 KN for F,,. and, 2 KN for Fy, . 0.8xcos@-2xcosa =0 -.-... (1) From triangle AOB, 80 cosa =—— B =f 10 From triangle AOC, Step 3 of 4 Substitute < for cos @ and, (15-4) for cose in equation (1), 12 oe (5-4) 9d 12 10 0.667x(1.5-d)=2d 1-0.667d = 2d 1=2.667d @=0375 Find the angle @ using, qd cosa=— _ 0,375 10 a = 67.98° Step 4 of 4 Find the angle @ using, 056 = 14 is-d 12 8 = 20.36° Sum of forces inthe ¥ direction is zero LF, =0 F-Fygsina—Fycsin@=0 Substitute, 0.8 KN for Fy... 2 KN for Fyy. 67.98° for @ and, 20,36° fora F - Fygsing— Fyc sin@=0 F -2xsin67.98°- 0.8xsin 20.36° = 0 F =2.132 kN Therefore, the longest vertical force is | F 132 kN!» | Step 1 of 5 3.04FP Draw the free body diagram of the mass. Step 2 of 5 Step 3 of 5 Calculate the angle made by the string AB with the horizontal axis. 03 tang =| —— nd (33) @=tan‘(0.75) 8 = 36.86° Here, @ is the angle made by the string AB with horizontal x — axis. Now write the relation for displacement, stretched and unstretched length of the spring. ba hae + Sup lig = hg — Sag 1) Here, le is the unstretched length of the spring, /, is stretched length of the spring and s,, is the displacement of the spring. Step 4 of 5 First calculate the stretched length of the spring using the Pythagoras theorem. Lg = V0.3 +04 i 0.2: 0.5m be Now apply the equations of equilibrium along x direction to determine the displacement. IF, =0 —mgsin45° + F,, cos 36.86° = 0 —mg sin 45° + (ks) cos 36.86° = 0 ...... (2) Here, a is the mass of the spring, g is the acceleration due to gravity, F, is the spring force, & is the spring constant and s,, is the displacement of the spring. Step 5 of 5 Now express equation (2) in terms of the displacement of the spring. soe mg sin 45° 48 kc0s36.86° Substitute 5 kg for m , 9.81 m/s? for g and 200 N/m for k . $x9.81xsin 45? Sua = ane anetk RKO 200 x cos36.86 «34683 “160 S4g = 0.2167 m Substitute 0,5 m for fy, and 0.2167 m for sy, in equation (1). fg =0.5-0.2167 fg = 0.283 m Therefore the unstretched length of the spring isStep 1 of 3 Free body diagram at the point *O” on the gusset plate is as shown in Figure ¥ “| 3.005P Let 6 be the angle made by the force T with the negative x-axis as shown in figure. Step 2 of 3 Apply equations of equilibrium. 3rF, =0 => 8+5cos45°-Tcos 6= 0 Given 6 = 30° « 8+5c0s45°-Tcos30° = 0 8+5cos45° cos 30° => T=1332kN Magnitude of the force Tis 7 = 13.32 kN =T= Step 3 of 3 +TrF,=0 F-Tsin 6—5sin 45°= 0 => F=Tsin 30°+5sin 45° F =(13.32x sin 30°) +(5xsin 45°) F=10.196 KN . Magnitude of the force F is | =10.196 kN]s | Step 1 of 7 3.05FP Given Mass of the cylinder is m, = 40kg Weight of the cylinder, W,. = mpg =40x9.81 =392.4N Step 2 of 7 For cylinder C is F BC We Step 3 of 7 From the above free diagram From the equilibrium, EF, =0 Fue —W, = 0 Fy = We =392.4N Same force will acts on both sides of pulley. Therefore Frac = Fey =392.4N Step 4 of 7 For Ring E is Fp 30° Step 5 of 7 From the above free diagram From the equilibrium, LF, =0: Figsin30°- F,, =0 Fig = 392.4x sin 30° Fg =196.2N Step 6 of 7 Free body diagram for cylinder A, Step 7 of 7 From the above free diagram From the equilibrium, IF, =0: Fig —W, =0 W, =F W,=196.2N W, = mg Mass of the cylinder A,|m, = 20 kgStep 1 of 4 Draw the free body diagram of the plate. y 8kN 4 x ge 45° T 12kN SKN Step 2 of 4 Apply the equilibrium equation along the x direction. 2e=0 3cos45°+8-T cos8=0 Tcos@ =8+Scos45° T cos =11.536 ----.- (1) Apply the equilibrium equation along the y direction. LF =0 12-Tsin6-Ssin 45° =0 Tsin@ =12 -3.5355 Tsin® = 8.4645 ...... 2) Step 3 of 4 Divide equation (2) with equation (1). Tsin® _ 8.4645 Toos® 11.536 tan 0 = 0.7337 @= tan" (0.7337) =36.27° Therefore, orientation of the point force in the member B for equilibrium is Step 4 of 4 Substitute 36,27° for @ in equation (1). Tcos@ =11,.536 T cos 36.279 = 11.536 0.86027 = 11.536 T= 11.536 ~ 0.8602 =14.309kN Therefore, magnitude of the force in the member B is |]4.309kN] . “| 3.006PStep 1 of 7 Given Mass of the traffic light B, m, = 10kg Mass of the traffic light C, nx, = 15kg Weight of the traffic light B, W, =10x9.81 =98.1N Weight of the traffic light B, Wi, =15x9.81 =147.15N Step 2 of 7 Free body diagram at B is L, Step 3 of7 From above figure The sum of the x-component forces are zero IF, =0 -T,c0s15°+T,, =0 Tye = T, 008 15°-——-- (1) Step 4 of 7 The sum of the y-component forces are zero LF, =0: T,sinlS—W, =0 = 98.1 4° sin 5° =379,029N Substitute 7, in equation (1) Ty = 379.029 cos 15° Tye = 366.114 --—-—-- (2) Step 5 of7 Free body diagram at C is Step 6 of 7 From above figure The sum of the x-component forces are zero IF =0 Thc + Ty cos? =0 T, cos @ = 366.114 -- - (3) The sum of the y-component forces are T, sin@-W, =0 T, sin@ = Wi. T, sin @ = 147.15 N-—-—-— (4) Step 7 of 7 Equation (4) is dividing by equation (3) Ty sin@ _ 147.15 T,cos@ 366.114 — 147.15 366.114 =0.4019 Substitute g value in equation (3) Tp 608 0 = 366.114 _ 366.114 > cos 21.896° =394.6N T, =395N “| 3.06FP[ 1 Step 1 of § 3.007P Draw the diagram of the device used to straighten the frames of wrecked autos. A 450 mm D Cc 400mm = 250 mm Step 2 of 5 Calculate the angle @ 6=60.95° Calculate the angle @ . @ = 48.36° Step 3 of 5 Draw Free body diagram of joint 8. Fy 3.5 kN Step 4 of 5 Consider the force equilibrium equation in the ¥ direction. Er +0 -F,-sin 9 +3.5xsina =0 Here, F,¢ is the tension in the chain BC . Substitute 60,95° for @ and 48,36° for @ . -F, sin 60.95° + 3.5xsin 48.36° =0 Foc = 2.99 KN Therefore, the tension in the chain BC is [2.99 kN] - Step 5 of 5 Consider the force equilibrium equation in the x direction Er=0 Fy, cos @ +3.5c0sa - F,, =0 Here, Fj, is the tension in the chain 4B - Substitute 2.99 KN for F,. . 60.95° for @ and 48,369 for a . 2.99 x cos 60,95° + 3,5c0848,36°— F,, =0 Fg = 3.78 KN Therefore, the tension in the chain 4B is [3.78 kN] .s | Step 1 of 5 3.07FP Write the position vector of the force F, , if =01+ 2 j+2k 4.3 =—j+ik neslts Write the position vector of the force i : rm =-li Write the position vector of the force i : T; =3x i-2 xt jade BSNS 3 Sits 9. 12,4 1, =—i-—j+—k 595! 2515 Write the position vector of the force 600 N and 900 N r= li rr, =—Ik Step 2 of 5 Find the force vector, FF, by using the following equation: F,=F.xa, 1, =Fxt 4 supstitute 4 j+ok for ¥, 5° 5 453k 4 -F ($1024) Step 3 of 5 F,=F\x Find the force vector, F, by using the following equation: F, =F, xu, r. =Fjx2 4 Substitute = ]j for r, ior Cit (-1) F,=-Fi Similarly, write the force vectors of F,,F,.F, (3: 12, 4x) si-—jy+-k F=Rx 25. 25° 5 (a) 3) +8) 9) yf) (4 25 25) \5 9, 12,,.4 B= 55 5I- 3g hits hk F, =F, F, =-Fik Step 4 of 5 Write the equilibrium force equation, =F=0 Fi +F,+F,+F,+F,=0 4,3 9, 12,,.4 F( $4 2k)- Ae Z B-22 pis Shs FA Fe=0 9 {4 12 3 4 (25-n+n)+i(Sn-2a)on(2e +3n-f)=0 Substitute 600 N for F, and 900 N for F; (25-5 +600)+i($5,-2 a ]+4(2 +47,-900)=0 25 5 25 5° 5 Step 5 of 5 Equate i,j, and k components to zero and solve the unknown forces. Write the i component k-component: sf “4 F,-900=0 Substitute 3 F, for F, 5 3,35 445 900-0 x55 F, = 775.862N Substitute 775.862 N for F, in equation (2). 3 FTF, 1 5 3 = ex 778.862 =465.51N Substitute 775.862 N for F, in equation (1) 2 F-F,+600=0 25 3x 775.862-F, +600=0 F, =879.31N Therefore, the forces F,, F,,and F, are 465.51 NI, 1879.31 N},and|775.862 N| respectively.[ 1 Step 1 of § 3.008DP Represent two electrically charged balls having mass Mare suspended from light threads as shown below: Here, ris distance between the pith balls, Length of each thread is / and distance between the points of suspension of pith balls, a. Here, Mg is weight of the ball, Tis tension in the light thread, @ is the angle made by the thread with the horizontal and Fis resultant horizontal force of repulsion. Step 2 of 5 Find weight of each pith ball by using the expression: We=mg Substitute 0.2 gm for m and 9.81 m/s* for g: W =0.2x107 x9,81 =1,962x10? N From the diagram, find the angle made by the thread with the horizontal: cos @ = ——— ~ r-d 2 _e-d i Substitute 200 mm for r, 50 mm for d and 150 mm for /: cos@ = 0.5 @=60° Step 3 of 5 Draw free body diagram of ball 8 as shown below: T Mg Apply force equilibrium equations along x direction: =F, =0 Tcos@-F =0 Step 4 of 5 Apply force equilibrium equations along y direction: x0.866 0.866F,. + 0.707 IF) = 300 > x0.433 0.3749F,. -0.433F,, =0 (-) 0.3749F¢ +.0.3061Fp = 129.9 A.B Fy = 129.9 _ 129.9 2° 0.7391 Fy =175.751b Substitute Fy value in equation (2) _ 0.5%175.75 c 0.433 Fo =202.9495Ib Substitute F. & Fp values in equation (1) Fy =0.25x 202.9495 +0,5x175.75 Fy =138.612/b The answers are And [F, =176/6)[ 7 Step 1 of 5 3.011P Given Mass of the cylinder, m7 =10kg Weight, W = mg =10x9.81 =98.1N Frye = 2F yc Step 2 of 5 The free body diagram is Fac Fic 30° 8 Step 3 of 5 The sum of the x-component forces are zero IF, =0 -F,-c08 30° + F,,. cos@ =0 Fy 0088 = F,,. cos 30° 2F,, cos = Fy. cos30° Fc C08 30° 2Fic cos6 = 8 =cos ' (0.433) = 64,341° G= 64.2 Step 4 of 5 The sum of the y-component forces are zero EF,=0 F ic Sin 30° + Fy. sin@-W =0 F¢ Sin 30°+2F, sin 64.341° = 98.1 Fic (0.5 +1 8027) =98.1 _ 98.1 ~ 2.3027 =42.6N Fc Step 5 of 5 Frye = 2F yc =2x42.6 =85.2N» | Step 1 of 8 3.11FP Draw the free body diagram. Step 2 of 8 Write the position vectors for the points. #, = 61 7, = O14+35+2k F, = 01-2j+3k Here, 7, , % , and % are the position vectors for the points 4 , B , and C respectively. Calculate the position vector for the line 4B . Pia =" ae Substitute O1+3j4+2k for 7, and 6j for F, - Fg = 01+ 35+ 2k -65 =-614+3j+2k Calculate the position vector for the line 4C . Hae = tos Substitute Oi-2j+3k for te and 6j for Fy . Fy = 01-25 +3k -64 =-6i-2j+3k Step 3 of 8 Write the Cartesian force vector form for the weight. Write the relation for the vector form of tension along the wire 4p Fn Fa Tf a Here, Fy, is the tension in the wire 4D . Substitute 6j for 7, Step 4of8 Write the relation for the vector form of tension along the wire 4B - Here, F,, is the force in the wire 4B . Substitute —6i+3j+ 2k for Fup . A. ap. + 3h+2k o* | 61 435+ 2k| 6i+3j+2k =Fyg ".———— _—=#«..... (3) (6 +3? +2? 6, ..3,.,2 ay Fait 5 Faal +3 Faak 7 Write the relation for the vector form of tension along the wire AC . Here, F,, is the force in the wire 4C . Substitute —6i- 2j+3k for Fue . = ~6i-2j+3k F,- =F,.-——_—__—. Ct | 61-254 3k| 61-2] +3k 2 cecees (4) v(-8) +(-2)' +3 6, . 2 3 ay Fact —5 Fach +5 Pack Step 5 of 8 Consider the force equilibrium equation in the x direction. The sum of the 4 components of equations (1), (2), (3) and (4) is equal to zero. 6 6 Fan — > Fags Fac = 1 7 7 6) 1g fa0 Faw — Fac = 0 Consider the force equilibrium equation in the y direction. The sum of the j components of equations (1), (2), (3) and (4) is equal to zero. 3 2 aise ~ Fac =0 3 2 eae 2 Fag = 3 Fac Fac Step 6 of 8 Consider the force equilibrium equation in the z direction. The sum of the , components of equations (1), (2), (3) and (4) is equal to zero. ~150+ 2 Fey +3 Fi =0 2 3 7 Fanta Fac =150 Substitute 2r. for Fug 3 2(2 3 2(2 Fe +2 Fa =150 4 3 +2) F,- =150 (+ ;] ac 21 Fug = 150% Fy = 242.31 Ib Therefore, the tension in the wire AC is Step 7 of 8 Substitute 242,31 Ib for Fye in equation (6). 2 Fag = Fac 2 = 2x 242,31 3° =161.54 Ib Therefore, the tension in the cable 4B is (161.54 Ib Step 8 of 8 Substitute 161,54 Ib for Fy, and 242,31 Ib for F,,. in equation (5). 7 gfae Fae Fac =0 ZF jp~ 16154-24231 =0 Fw = 403.852 Fyy = 346.16 Ib Therefore, the tension in the cable 4p is [346.16 Ib] -[ 1 Step 1 of 4 3.012P Free body diagram of Lift sling 400 Ib Step 2 of 4 Consider the entire body in the equilibrium Sum of forces in the y direction are zero De =0 F,,-400=0 Fy = 400 Ib Step 3 of 4 Draw Free body diagram of jomt B Step 4 of 4 From the equilibrium equations Sum of forces in x direction are zero ER =0 Fyp 008 45° — Fay cos 45°=0 Fog = Foy Sum of forces in y direction are zero LA =o: —Fyp sin 45° — Fyy sin 45° +400 =0 —Fyq sin 45° — Fyq sin 45° +400 = 0 2F sin 45° = 400 Fy = 282.84 Ib Hence, the tension in cable Fyp = 282.84 1b ‘Therefore, the tensions in the cables BD, BC and AB are [282.84 1b] 1400 fb| respectively.“| Step 1 of 4 3.013P Given “Weight of the block 2, Wy =5 lb Weight of the block #, #’,=41b “Weight of the block #, HW, = lb Let @= Angle made by the cord AC or AB with the horizontal From the below figure, tan d= : --— (1) ‘Where « = sag Step 2 of 4 Free body diagram at the pointA is as shown in figure Step 3 of 4 Apply equation of equilibrium +TSF=0 => W,sin 8+, sin 8-W, =0 = 5sin 8+ 5sin O= = 10sind =8 =sing=2 10 => sind=0.8 => @=sin™ (0.8) => A= 53.13° Step 4 of 4 Now substitute the value of @ in the equation (1) we get tan 53.13° == 4 = s = 4tan 53.13° 3 5=5.333R . sag, |s = 5.333 Ft[ 1 Step 1 of 3 3.014DP Free body diagram at A is as shown in figure. Step 2 of 3 Let the weight of the block Ebe W, Let @ be the angle made by the cord AC or AB with the horizontal. Apply equations of equilibrium +T SF =0 W,sin@ + W, sint-W, =0 W, =W,sin8 +W,. sin Substitute § Ib for W, . and § Ib for W,, in the above equation. W,, =W, sin + W, sin =Ssin0+Ssin@ =~ ---- (1) =10sin@ Step 3 of 3 Calculate the angle by the expression. Ss tang=* meg Substitute 3 for s. tan? = Alw Ae = 0.75 @ =tan"'(0.75) = 36.87° Substitute 36.87° for g in the equation (1); W,, =10sin@ =10xsin36.87° =61b Thus, the weight of the block Eis [6 1p[ 7 Step 1 of 8 3.015P Given data: Un-stretched length of spring /= 200 mm =0.2m The stretched length /’=0.5m Spring stiffness & = 800 Nim Step 2 of 8 ‘We know that the spring force is given by, B= F,=4(I'-2) F, = 800x[0.5-0.2] F,= 240 N Step 3 of 8 Free body diagram at B Step 4of8 B= 36.8698° Step 5 of 8 Equilibrium of forces in the x-direction: De=0 Tye 008 2+ Ty cos 8—F, = 0 Ty 008454 Typ cos 36.8698 = 240 Q) Step 6 of 8 Equilibrium of forces in the y-direction: D5=0 sin 36.8698 sin45 Tae = 0.84857 pp (2) Tae = Top Step 7 of & Substituting equation (2) in equation (1) Trp[ 0.8485 cos45 + cos 36,8698] = 240 240 “7.3999 Typ = 171.428 N BD Step 8 of 8 Substituting 7), value in equation (2) Toe = 0.8485 171.428 Ty = 145.457 N Therefore the tensions in the cables BC and BD are, Tp =171N T.=M5N[ 7 Step 1 of 4 3.016P Draw the free body diagram of the system. Step 2 of 4 Apply the equations of equilibrium and calculate the vertical forces. +T EF, =0 Tsin6+7sin6-W =0 QTsinO@=Wo (1) sin® o¥ 2T Here, W is the weight of the lamp, 7 is the force in each spring, and @ is the angle of inclination. Step 3 of 4 Calculate the elongation produced in spring. 8=/,-/, Here, i, is the original length of the spring, and i is the elongated length. Substitute 4 for 4, and 4 ft for 4 cos6 pe, cos® 4 =——-4 cos6 4 =—/(l-cosé cos ) Calculate the force in each spring. T=k6 4 cos 6 (3)( 2 }-cos0) ( 20 Je -cos@) cos6 Substitute (I—cos6) for § . 5 Ib/fA for & . T Step 4 of 4 Substitute ( 20 )fr-eose) for T , and 1Q |b for w in equation (1). cos® Ww inop- sin oT sin@= 0 10 2 (2 a-cose) cos6 1 4tan 6 = ——___. ” (1-cos 6) 23608 1 cos@ 2sin? Solve the equation. (2sin$cos$) 4 2-2 | (cos) (2sin °] 2 resin’ fh sin?® —, =1 2 2 1-2sin® | sin 8 = 0.3663 2 6 =42.99° Therefore, the angle is, [49 goe] .“| Step 1 of 6 3.017P Sag,s=0.5m Let mm =mass of each cylinder x =stiffness of each spring & =100Nfm Step 2 of 6 let o@ =Angle made bythe spring AC with the horizontal from the figure 1.5+0,5 2 = tan = 1 a= 45° tan Ch= Step 3 of 6 Free body diagram at A is as shown in figure ¥ Step 4 of 6 Apply equations of equilibrium +T IR, =0 Fig sin &— mg =0 => mg = Fy sin Fyg sit & =m = SACS (ty g Step 5 0f6 Spring force in AC is bso=H{ fseasy (af) Pye = 100% (2.828 - 2.5) Fyg=32.8N Step 6 of 6 Now substance Fac value in equation (1) _ 32.8xsin 45° 9.81 m= 2.364 kg .. Mass of each cylinder is i = 2.304 kegStep 1 of 14 Given Mass of the block, m =2 kg Stiffness of the spring AB, 44, = 30 Nim Stiffness of the spring AC, X4o = 20 Ném Stiffness of the spring AD, ky, =40 Nim Step 2 of 11 Let F,,= Force in the spring AB F,.= Force in the spring AC F,,= Force in the spring AD Kg, = Stretch in the spring AB Kgq = Stretch m the spring AC Xgp = stretch in the spring AD. Step 3 of 11 Free body diagram at the point A is as shown in figure Step 4 of 11 From the given figure, tan = 2 3 tan w= 1 =>a=45° From the given figure, 3 tan B= = 6 4 tan B=0.75 => P= 36.87° Step 5 of 11 Apply equations of equilibrium +, mF =0 => Fy,cos B- Fug tos G= 0 => Fycos B= Fy, cosa cosa cosB cos 45° = Fan = Fac (= ss) => Fay = 0.884 Fae eee. => Fug = Fig X -) Step 6 of 11 +T EF, =0 => Fyo sina t+ Fygsin B-W =0 => Fyp sin 45°+ Fag sin 36.879 = 29.81 = 0.707 1 Py + 0.6. Fy = 19.62 => Fy t 1.1785 Fy, = 32.7 Step 7 of 11 From equations (1) and (2) 0.884 Fag + 1.1785F yg = 32.7 => 2.0625 Fyq = 32.7 => Fy = 15.855 N Step 8 of 11 Now, substitute the value of Fy, in the equation (1), we get Fy, = 0.884x15.855 Fy, = 14.02 N Step 9 of 11 As we know k, => Xp =0.467 m .. Stretch in the spring AB is Step 10 of 11 FE Also kg = 42 Bae = Bye= Fac hac _ 15.855 5,507 ac 20 = Byo = 0.793 m .. Stretch in the spring AC is Xgq = 0.793 m Step 11 of 11 For spring AD We know that } sz =0 Kan ® Syn = — 78 7 29.81 40 5,,=0.491m Sap lan = “| 3.018P FyStep 1 of 6 Schematic diagram of the block with two springs: fae = 30 Ni Kyo = 40 Nin Step 2 of 6 Find the angle @between AC and honzontal tng=2 3 6-13 3 a=45° Find the angle & between 4B and horizontal Step 3 of 6 Find the stretch in the spring From Pythagoras theorem AB =P 44 AB=N3 44 AB=50m Thus, stretch in the spring is Gy =5.0-3.0 5 =2.0m Step 4 of 6 Draw Free body diagram of joint 4 Fy Step 5 of 6 From the equilibrium equations Sum of forces in x direction are zero DA =0 Fy cosa — F,, cos@ =0 ky X Sigg X C08 36. 86° — Fy, cos 45° =0 Substitute 30 N/mfork,, and 2 m ford,,. we get 30x 2x c0s 36.86°— F,, cos 45° =0 Fg = 67.89 N Sum of forces in y direction are zero 24-0 F,sma+F,,sin0—F,, =0 Ky X Gy X 8in 36.86° + 67.89 8in 45° — Fyn = 0 30x2xsin 36.86° +101.836xsin45° - F,, =0 Fy =83.99N Step 6 of 6 Find the mass of the block Fin mo O81 __ 83.99 ~ 981 my = 38.5616 kg Therefore the mass of the block at D is [8.56 kg} “| 3.019P[ 7 Step 1 of 5 3.020P Schematic diagram of the small ring with two springs: 6m k=500 N-m Cc d Step 2 of 5 Calculate the angle g between BA and horizontal. tan@ = 1.5 = tan? & 15 = 63.43° Calculate the angle a between BC and horizontal. Step 3 of 5 Find the stretch in the spring Apply Pythagorean Theorem and calculate length BA. BA S41 = V3? 415? =3,354m Calculate the stretch in the spring BA using relation. Sq 2 3.354 -3.0 = 0.354 m Similarly, the stretch in the spring BC Spc = 0.354 m Step 4 of 5 Figure representing free body diagram of joint B. F _--- Step 5 of 5 Apply equilibrium for forces along y direction. DF =0 F,,sin 6 - F,, sina =0 Substitute, 63.43° for @ and 63.43° for @ in relation above F,, sin 63.43° -— F,, sin 63.43° =0 Fay = Fac Apply equilibrium for forces along x direction. LA F,, 0080+ F,,. cosa =F Frye 00863.43° + Fg¢ COS 63.43° = F F =2x Fy, 608 63.43? ......... (1) Substitute, ky x 55. for F,, in relation above Frac = kag * One Here, stiffness of the spring is k,,. and stretch in the spring is 5,,.. Substitute 500 N/m fork,,. and 0.354 m for 8,,. in equation (1), we have F = 2x 500x0.354 x cos(63.43°) =158.34N Therefore the force applied on the cord( F) is}158.34 N].Step 1 of 4 Schematic diagram of the small ring with two springs: Step 2 of 4 Draw Free body diagram of joint B Step 3 of 4 From the equilibrium equations Sum of forces in y direction are zero DA -0 F,, sina — F,,. sin@ =0 Fy 3--Fy 2-0 Ly Ly Fy = Foe Sum of forces in x direction are zero ZF-0 F,, cosa+F,, cosO-F =0 Foe 1+ Fp 4--F =0 Lac Ly Fagg 175 = 2x Foo ~ ‘BC 175 = 2x lig X Sigg x Lee Step 4 of 4 Substitute 500 Ném for ky, and (Zg, 3.0) for Spc, we get 175 =2%500 x( Lye —3.0)x—- Le d (Zee ~30)xr =0.175 (4202}-017 Tac (22%)-0n Lee dV3 42 -3.0d ee | = 0175 VP +a a3? +d? -3.0d =0.175N¥ +0? 3d = V3 +d? (d-0.175) Squaring on both sides 9a* =(3 +d? )(d-0.175)° 9d? =(9+d?)(d? - 0.35d +0.030625) 9d? =9d* -3.15d +0.2756+ d" —0.35d? +0.030625d" d* —0.35d? + 0.030625d? — 3.15d + 0.2756 =0 Solve the above equation, we get d= 1.55688 m Therefore the distance from the wall is|1.56 mi “| 3.021P[ Step 1 of 10 3.022P Free body diagram shows the forces acting at point A r F, 10 Ib Step 2 of 10 Apply equations of equilibrium Calculate force along x-direction as follows: EA F, cos$-7 cos8=0 cosp ay ral Soe) Calculate force along y-direction as follows DA F,sing+T7 sin =P F,sino+7sin@=10 ...... (2) Step 3 of 10 Draw the lengths of the chord. (2+2)ft Step 4 of 10 Obtain the value for x using cosine rule. = 2v5-4c0s0 -2 =2( \5=40086 1) Calculate the spring force. Rak Here, kis the spring constant. Substitute (2(v5=4c0s¢-1)) forx F, = kx 2( J5—4e0s0-1) .....@) Step 5 of 10 Obtain the lengths of the triangle as follows: 2 cos 2(2-cos@) Step 6 of 10 Obtain the value for cos¢ from the triangle mentioned with lengths. 2(2 -cos8) cos ¢ = 2( 45-4088) __(2-60s8) (v5 —4cos 6) Obtain the value for gin g from the triangle mentioned with lengths. 2sin@ 2( ¥5- 4c088) sin? ” (W5=4e056) sing = Step 7 of 10 Obtain the value for 7 in terms of angle @. Substitute equation (3) in equation (1). T= 7(S4) T = 2kx( ¥5-4c088 - 1( 8) (2-cos@) Substitute 7— |] fe . StU (5—4e0s0) ““°°8# _ (2-cos@) 7 = 2kx(fS=Ae088 -1)x ee coe) of) Step 8 of 10 Obtain the value for angle g. Substitute equation (4) in equation (2) F,sino+7sin6=10 F, sing + 2kx(¥5— 4cos@ — 1)x fe) a Substitute the value of F, frorn equation (3). kx2(J5—4e0s0 -1}sing + x cos? (20084) sind=10[ ® 2kx( V5=4c080-1)x feos 0=10 Step 9 of 10 sate a or: | Substitute ( ¥5-4c058) forsin ¢ in equation (5). kx2(J5=4c050 -1}sing+ 2kx( v5= 4cosé -1)x {es (2=cos9) las }sino=10 cos@ (v3-4cos6) &x2(V5— 4cos@ Veness)" cost) oa). fe ©) 2kx(V5—4c0s8 — 1)x {ERS lealr- (V5=4e0s6-1)sing | ( Y5-4e0s0- 1)(2- £056) ae 10 (v= aeose) (=4e0s8) 2k (v5=4cos6 -1) (G=aeord) (sin 8 +2 tan @—cos 6 tan @) = — Step 10 of 10 Further solve the equation (6). Sn ee (v5=4cos¢ -1) (=Aeoed) (v5-4cosé -1) py (5a 40088 =) 1) 10 ited) Substitute 15 lb/ft fork. 9 (v5=4c0s4-1) 19 *" (Waaeosd) 4x15 Apply trial and error method to soive the equation, and the value obtained after repeated trails is 35°. (sin @ +2 tan @-sin @) = — 2tan6)= Therefore, the value for angle g is |3§°] .Step 1 of 7 Step 2 of7 From figure BD= ABcosé = 2cor60 BD=tft 4D= (ay -0y = 1732ft Step 3 of 7 From triangle ADC AC =,{(AD) +(Dey = f{1.732)? +(4-17 = 3.464 ft Let x be the unstrecthed length of the spring .. Deflection in the spring = AC - x =3.464-x Step 4 of 7 Given that, Load P=80Ib 8=60° Length of the cord, AB = 2ft Spring constant, K = 50 lb/ft Spring force, F, = K(AC'-x) = 50 (3.464 — x}lb Step 5 of7 AB 60° 30° Step 6 of 7 From equilibrium equations De=0 F, cos 30°— Ty, cos 60°= 0 _ Fees 30° ~~ cos 60° Tap = 1.732F, (1) Tas Step 7 of 7 25-0 => F sin 30°+T7,, sin60°- P=0 => 50[3.464— x] sin 30°+1.732[ 50(3.464 — x) ]sin 60°-80 =0 => 25 (3.464- x) +75 (3.464 - x)-80 =0 = 100(3.464 - x) = 80 = 3.464-x=08 =x=3464-08 “| 3.023PStep 1 of 4 The free body diagram at Ais Step 2 of 4 Tension in each cable, 7 = ky =x (1) cos0 = —2— 2+x : 44x sind = Te — (2) +x The sum of the y-component forces are zero LF, =0: TsinO+T sin@ =F 2(30x)sin @=90 xsing=22 0 Step 3 of 4 Substitute equation (2) in equation (3) avx? +4x 2+x dave? + 4x =643x Qc? +4x =3x+6 Squaring on both sides =2 2 4x? (x7 +4) =(3x+ 6)" 4x4 + 16x? = 9x? +364 36x 4x4 416° —9x? -36x—36 =0 Step 4 of 4 Solving above equation The x values are x =1,77,-4.14,-0.812,-0.812 So the x value is taken as y =1,77 Substitute x value in equation (1) T =30x1.77 =53.1 The Answer is [T =53.11b)[ 7 Step 1 of 4 3.025P Draw the configuration to find the length of the rope after force is applied. 2ft | Figure (1) Step 2 of 4 Find the length / from figure (1). cos8 == i 2 t= cos? Find the total extension in the spring when @ = 30° . x=1ft+(/-L) Here, 4 is the initial length of the rope. Substitute for ¢,2ft for, and 39° for g cos? x14 2 -2| cos30 = 1.3094 ft Step 3 of 4 Find the spring force or tension in the rope. Tak Substitute 30Ib/ft for k and 1.3094 ft for x . T = 30x 1.3094 = 39.28Ib Draw the free body diagram of the rope assembly. T Step 4 of 4 Write the equilibrium equation along y-axis. LF, =0 Tsin@+Tsin@ = F 2Tsin@ =F Substitute 39.28Ib for 7 and 30° for g F =2x39,282xsin 30° = 39,282 Ib Therefore, the vertical force that must be applied is | 39.282 bl[ 1 Step 1 of 5 3.026P Given data: Un-stretched length of the spring is, ? = 12 in Weight to be supported is, w=10 Ib Stiffness of the spring is, & =10 Ib/in Step 2 of 5 Free body diagram at A: BR a T w= 101b Step 3 0f5 ‘We know that the spring force is given by, F,=kxs F=kx{I'-2) Ff, ~kx{ fe? +(2) -12) F, =10/ a? +144 -12) Step 4 of 5 Equilibrium of forces in the y-direction: DA=0 F,sind-W =0 10 i +144 “tare W 10{ va" +144 2) ee a{ i? +144 ~12)= Ja? + +144 Step 5 of 5 By squaring on both sides, we get at fa? +144 -2) = (va? +144), a4 4+ 287d? — 24d? Va? +144 - 144 =0 By trial and error method, we get @ =0.5002 in; 7.129 in; — 2.8146 in; — 2.8146 in; The maximum value of d =7.129in Therefore, the distance where the weight will be located is, |d = 7.13 in[ 7 Step 1 of 5 3.027P Given data: Un-stretched length of the spring is, / = 8 in Weight to be supported is, w= 10 Ib Distance where the weight is located, @ =4 in Step 2 of 5 From the geometry, the angle of inclination of the spring is given by, tn 6-2 12 g= im“(3) 12 &=18.4349° sin = @ i Is —_i__ sin 18.4349 Therefore, the stretched length of the springis, /'=12.649 Step 3 of 5 The free body diagram at A is 6 = 18.4349 w= l0lb Step 4 of 5 Equilibrium of forces in the y-direction: DH=0 Fsin9-w=0 p20 _ sin 18.4349 F, = 31.6227 lb Step 5 of 5 We know that the spring force is given by, B=kxs = kx(I'-2) z =— r-2 _ 31.6227 12.649-8 k= 6.8020 Ib/in Therefore, the stiffness of the spring is, |k = 6.80 Ib/in[ 1 Step 1 of 6 3.028P Draw the schematic diagram of the lamp with wires. A Step 2 of 6 Find the angle @ between AC and horizontal. Step 3 of 6 Draw the free body diagram of joint D. 30° Fep 7 TF Step 4 of 6 Apply equilibrium equations in y direction. ZF, =0 Fp, sin30°-W =0 _W “0S Substitute 20«9.81 N for W, we get Fog _ 20x9.81 me 0.5 =3924N Apply equilibrium equations in x direction. DAs Foy — Fg 0830° = 0 Fey — 392.4 cos 30° = 0 Foy = 339.82 N Step 5 of 6 Draw the free body diagram of joint C. Fac 53.13° “Ta Fon ase C F BC Step 6 of 6 Apply equilibrium equations in y direction. XA =0 F,¢ sin 53.13° - F,, sin 45° =0 Fie = 0.883 F 5. Apply equilibrium equations in x direction. DF =0 Fy 00853.13° + F,,. cos 45° — Fg =0 0.883F,,. cos 53.13° + F,, cos 45° — 339.82 = 0 0.883F,,. cos 53.13° + F,,. cos 45° - 339.82 = 0 1.236 Fc —339.82 = 0 Fy. = 274.94 N Calculate the force in cord Fuc F ye = 0.883% 274.94 =242.77 N Therefore, the tensions developed in each cord are| F,, = 392.4 NI. |F., = 339.82 N} . Fae = 274.94 N} , and | F,,. = 242.77 N[ 1 Step 1 of 7 3.029D Sketch the schematic diagram of the lamp with wires as below. Step 2 of 7 Calculate the angle @between AC and horizontal. 4 tang=4 nee a4 3 = 53.13° O=tan Step 3 of 7 Draw the Free body diagram of joint D. 30° Fop TTF Step 4 of 7 Obtain the equilibrium equations. The Sum of vertical forces is zero LF, =0 Fi, sin30°-W =0 Woe (1) “OS Fi, = WW Fox The sum of horizontal forces is zero. rA=0 Fog — Fg 00830° = 0 Fy — 2W x cos 30° =0 Foy =1.732W N Step 5 of 7 Draw the Free body diagram of joint C. PF AC 53.13° 7“ Fon ase C Frc Step 6 of 7 Obtain the equilibrium equations. The Sum of vertical forces is zero. A= F,¢ Sin 53.13° = Fy, sin 45° = 0 Fyc = 0.883 Fae «..--- (2) The Sum of vertical forces is zero DA=0 F¢ 60853.13° + F,, cos 45° — Foy = 0 0.883F,.. cos 53.13° + F,, cos 45°-1.732W =0 0.883F,, cos $3.13° + Fy, cos 45°—1.732W =0 1.236 Fy. 1.732 =0 Foe = 1.401" N Substitute |.401W’ N for F,,. in equation (2) F,¢ = 0.883x1.401W =1.237W N Hence the maximum tension occurred in the cord DE when compared to the other cords AC, BC and CD. So the tension in the cord DE should not exceed 400 N. Therefore from equation (1) obtain the relation as follows. F,, =2W 400 = 2W W = 200 N Step 7 of 7 Calculate the mass of the lamp. W=mxg Ww m=— & Here, Wis the load and g is the gravity. Substitute 200 N for Wand 9.81 m/s? for g. 200 m=— 981 = 20.39 kg Therefore, the maximum mass of the lamp is/20.4 kg].Step 1 of 4 Equation of the parabolic surface is y = 2,51? Let Normal reaction (force) be N, Mass of the block Bbe nt, , Angle made by the normal fore with the vertical be « , Tension in the cord be 7. As the pulley is frictionless, T = m,g Draw the free body diagram of the sphere A as shown in figure. y T=m,8 W,=m,g Step 2 of 4 Find the angle a , by the expression; dy tana =— in ch =“(25:) & =2,5(2x) =5x Since the curve is passing through the point (0.4, 0.4 ) tana = 5(0.4) tana =2 @ =tan'(2) = 63.43° Step 3 of 4 Now apply equilibrium equations for the sphere A DA =0 T cos 60° - N sin 63.43° = 0 m,g cos60°— N sin 63.43° =0 m, x9.81xc0s60° - NV sin63.43° = 0 4,905, — 0.8944N =0 0.8944. nm, =——_— 4.905 m, =0.1823N ...... (1) Now apply equilibrium equations for the sphere A LA-0 Tsin 60° + N cos63.43°-W, =0 m, *9.81xsin 60° + N cos 63.43° - m,g =0 8.496m, +0.4473N -4x9.81=0 8.496m, +0.4473N = 39.24 ...... (2) Step 4 of 4 From equations (1) and (2) 8.496 (0.1823 N) + 0.4473N = 39.24 1.5488 N +0.4473 N = 39.24 L.9961N = 39.24 N =19.658N Thus the normal force is |19.658N Substitute the value of N in the equation (1), we get m, = 0.1823 19.658 = 3.584 kg Thus, the mass of the block Bis |3.584kg| “| 3.030P[ 7 Step 1 of7 3.031P Given The weight of bucket W = 50Ib Free body diagram at E is Step 2 of 7 The sum of the x-component forces are zero ZF, =0: Fig »(2)+Fo cos30°=0 Frey = Fe cos30° 5 Fy = 1.443 4F,, —-—---— (1) The sum of the y-component forces are zero 8=70,53° In the above two value of 6, the required angle 6 is the larger of the two values. . 8=70.53° Step 6 of 6 Now substitute 6 = 70.53° in equation (1), _ 200 2x sin 70.53° T = 106.07 lb -. Tension in the cable, T= 106.07 Ib “| 3.037P[ 1 Step 1 of § 3.038DP Load to be lifted, W = 100 Ib Force in the sling = 7 Step 2 of 5 Free body diagram atA is as shown in figure ry Ww Step 3 of 5 Apply equation of equilibrium +TrF,=0 => W-Tcos8-Tcosd=0 => 2Tcos8=W W 2cos8 => Te 100 2cosO => T= 50 The force in the sling |T= cos8 Step 4 0f 5 For 0°68 90° 50 When 6=0°, T= cos 0° T=501b When 6=90°, T= 30 cos 90° T =o Step 5 of 5 The variation of T with § can be plotted as shown in figureStep 1 of 9 Given data: Length of the cord, /=4 ft Weight ofblock D, wy =10 tb Step 2 of 9 Free body diagram at D: Step 3 of 9 Equilibrium of forces in the y-direction: DA=0 T-wy =0 T=wy T=101b Step 4 of 9 The length of cord is given by, Lig tle tlen =4 ft Lig tlye =4-1.5 dag tle =2.5 Step 5 of 9 The weight B will be at the middle of points A and C. Therefore we have, 2.5 Lig =e = > Lyg = 1.25 bye = 1.25 Step 6 of 9 Therefore, sing= 2? AB esin'f 22 O=sin (73) = 23.5781° Step 7 of 9 Free body diagram at B: T T, =T Step 8 of 9 Equilibrium of forces in the x-direction: DA=0 -Fsin9+ TF, sin 9=0 R= But we know that 7 = 7, as the same string passes over all the pulleys. Therefore we have, F=10lb Step 9 of 9 Equilibrium of forces in the y-direction: Da-0 T, cos8+T, cos 8- w, =0 wy =10[ 2x cos 23.5781] we, = 18.3303 lb Therefore, the weight of the suspended block at B is, fw, =18.31b] “| 3.039P[ 1 Step 1 of 7 3.040P Draw the free body diagram of the pulley system: Step 2 of 7 Consider free body diagram at pulley A: W=mg Step 3 of 7 Apply the equilibrium equations in x-direction. Sw F.=0 F,,sin@-F, sine =0 Fay = Frye Since, the tension im the cable same throughout the cord, hence Far = Fac SR ql) Here, F is the tension in the cable. Step 4 of 7 Apply the equilibrium equations in y-direction. & F,=0 F,,cos@+F ,cos@-mg = 0 F,,cos0+F ,cosé = mg Here, m is the mass of the load, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Substitute F,, forF,,,15 kg for m and 9.81 m/s” forg. F,.c0s0+F,. cosé = mg 2F,,cos6 =15x9.81 Fy, = T3575 feose Fi, = (73.575}sece Step 5of7 Substitute (73.575)sece for F,, in the equation (1). FoF, = (73.575)sece Therefore, the force F in the cord as a function of 6 is [(73.375)sece]. Step 6 of 7 Table shows the force F in the cord as a function of ¢ - Angle Force Degrees) (N) 73.575 74.70885 78.29184 8494408 96.01683 114.4021 147.0148 214.7535 422.0075 92393 Step 7 of 7 Draw the plot force F in the cord as a function of 6 using excel: 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 or 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Therefore, the required plot is drawn.[ 7 Step 1 of 5 3.041P Draw the diagram representing the arrangement of the cable and ball: 1.5m Step 2 of 5 Calculate the angle @ between AC and horizontal by using the formula, d tang=— 2 Rearrange the equation for @ , = tan"! (2) Substitute 1m for d. 6=tan' 4 2 = 26.56° Calculate the angle @ between AB and horizontal by using the formula, l5+d 2 tana= Rearrange the equation for @ , af ls+d @=tan 2 Substitute 1m ford. = tan" 1541 2 =51.34° Step 3 of 5 Draw free body diagram representing forces acting at joint A: Fan Fac --a---h- F mg Step 4 0f 5 As the system is in equilibrium, obtain a relation between the forces Fyg and Fyc by taking the sum of forces acting in y direction and equate it with zero, =F, =0 F,,sina + F,, sin@ -mg =0 Here, mis mass of ball and g is acceleration due to gravity. Substitute 20 kg for m, 9.81 m/s? for g, 26.56° for @ , and $1,34° for @ . F,, sin 51.34° + F,. sin 26.56°— 209.81 =0 0.7808F,, + 0.4471F,.—196.2=0 ...... (1) Obtain a relation between the forces Fyg and F4¢ by taking the sum of forces acting in x direction and equating it with zero, LeA=0 F,,cosa+F.cosQ=F Substitute 300 N for F , 26.56° for @ . and $1,34° fora . Fg 00851.34° + F, 008 26.56° = 300 0.6246F,, + 0.89F,,. = 300 ...... (2) Step 5 of 5 Calculate the value of forces Fyg . and Fie by solving equation (1), and (2), 0.7808F,,, +0.4471F,,.-196.2 =0 0.7808F ,, +0.4471x (near | -196.2=0 0.89 0.7808F 4, +150.707 - 0.3137F,, 196.2 =0 Fig =97.394N Find the force in AC. 0.6246F ,, +0.89F ,. = 300 0.6246 x97.394 +0.89F,. = 300 Fg =268.727N Therefore, the force in the each cable are|F,, = 97.394 N/and | F,,. = 268.727 N| .[ 1 Step 1 of 4 3.042P Draw the diagram representing the arrangement of the cable and ball: Step 2 of 4 Draw Free body diagram representing forces acting at joint 4: 196.2 N Step 3 of 4 As the system is in equilibrium, obtain a relation between the force Fyy and @ by taking the sum of forces acting in y direction and equating it with zero, zy=0 Fg sin + Fig sin@ -196.2=0 Substitute 0 for Fic. Fysina@-1962=0 00 we q) Obtain a relation between the force F4yy and @ by taking the sum of forces acting im x direction and equating it with zero, DE =0 Faycos &+ Fy. cos9—F =0 Substitute 100 N for F , and 0 for F,<. Fygcos@-100=0 Q2) Step 4 of 4 Obtain the angle a by solving equation (1), and (2), F,sina@ _ 196.2 Fy cosa 100° tana =1.962 a@& =62.99° Calculate the distance d by using the formula, 15+d tana = Rearrange the equation for d, d=2tana-15 Substitute 62.99° for a. d =(2xtan62.99°)-15 =2.424m Therefore, the distance is |d = 2.424 ma] .Step 1 of 6 Calculate the force vectors of all forces. Let the force vector of p is P=(Pi+Pj+Pk) Here, the components of the force Palong x,y and z directions is P., P. and P Calculate the force vector of F, F, =F,u, Here, magnitude of the force is F, and the unit vector along the force F, is u, Calculate the unit vector, _ —) 5i+3j+3k 45 = —0.33i + 0.66] + 0.66k Substitute 0.75kN for F, and —0.33i+0.66j+ 0.66 for u, F, = 0.75kN(-0.33i +0.66j + 0.66k) = (-0.2475i + 0.495j+0.495k) KN Step 2 of 6 Calculate the force vector of F, by using the expression, F=f, (cos 0,i+c0s 8,j+cos@.k) Here, the angle made by the force with x, y, 2 axes is @,,@,,8, respectively. Substitute 2kN for F,, 45° for@,, 60° for a, and 120° for @ F, = 2(cos 45° +cos60°j + cos 120°k) = 2(0.707i +0.5j-0.5k) =(1414i+j-k)kN Find the force vector of F, F, =-0.5jkN Step 3 of 6 Apply the equilibrium equations. dF =0 P+F,+F,+F, =0 Substitute the expressions for forces P,F,,F, and F, (Pit Pj+ Pk)+(1.414i+j-k)+ (-0.2475i + 0.495j+0.495k) + (-0.5j) Separate the coefficients of i,j and (Pit Pj+ Pk)+(1.414i+j-k)+ (-0.2475i + 0.495j + 0.495k) + (-0.5)) i(P, +1.414-0.2475) + j(P, +1+0.495-0.5)+k(P -1+0.495)=0 Step 4 of 6 Compare the coefficient of 4 P, +1.414-0.2475 =0 P,=-1.1665kN Compare the coefficient of j P,+14+0.495-0.5=0 P, =-0.99SkN Compare the coefficient of j P-1+0.495=0 P= 0.505kN Now calculate the magnitude of the force P by using the following relation, P= JP? +P i +P? Substitute the values of P., P. and P, P= y(-1.1665) + (0.995) +(0.505)" = ¥2.6057 =1.614kN Therefore, magnitude of the force P is Now calculate the direction of the force P with the axes, x, ¥,2 Calculate the direction of the of the force P with the axis x by using the relation, P cos 8, = Pp Here, the angle made by the force P with the x axis is 8, Substitute -1.1665kN for P and 1.614kN for P @, = cos”! (-0.722) = 136.28° Step 5 of 6 Calculate the direction of the of the force P with the axis y by using the relation, F, cosé, =— P Here, the angle made by the force P with the y axis is 8, Substitute -0,995kN for P. and 1.614kN for p 0.995 1.614 =-0,616 6, = cos” (-0.616) =128.06° cos, = Step 6 of 6 Calculate the direction of the of the force P with the axis z by using the relation, P. cos 8, = = “ P Here, the angle made by the force P with the y axis is a, Substitute 0.505KN for P and 1.614KkN for p cos@, = 9.505 * 1,614 = 0.312 8, = cos'(0.312) =71.76° “| 3.043P Therefore, direction of the force P with the axes x, y,2 are [136.289] .[128.06°] and [71.76°] respectively.[ Step 1 of 10 3.044P Draw the free body diagram of the force system: Step 2 of 10 Find the coordinates of all points from the above free body diagram. Consider the point © is origin. A(0,0,6m) B(2m,3m,0) C(-1.5m,2m,0) D(-3m,-6m,0) Step 3 of 10 Now find the position vectors of each cable. Position vector of the cable 4B . AB=B-A =(2i+3i)-(6k) = 2i+3j-6k Position vector of the cable AC . AC=C-A =(-I.5i+2j)-(6k) =-1.5i+2j-6k Position vector of the cable 4D. AD=D-A =(-3i-6j)-(6k) =-3i-6j-6k Step 4 of 10 Find the unit vector of the cable AB. Ua = 4B AB Here, magnitude of the vector AB is 4B. Substitute 2) +3j-6k for AB. 2i+3)-6k (2) +(3) +(-6) _2i+3]-6k 7 = 0.2851 +0.428j-0.857k Step 5 of 10 Calculate the unit vector of the cable AC. a, AC AC Here, magnitude of the vector AC is AC Substitute —],5i+2j—6k for AC - -1.5i+2j-6k (-1.5)* +(2)° +(-6) - -1.5i+ 2j-6k 6.5 = —0.23i + 0.307j—0.923k Step 6 of 10 Find the unit vector of the cable AD. AD M0 4D Here, magnitude of the vector AD is 4D Substitute -3i-6j-6k for AD - ___=3i-6j-6k (3) +6) +(-6) _73i-6]-6k 9 = —0.33i -0.66j - 0.66k Step 7 of 10 Find the tension vectors along the all cables. Calculate the tension in the cable AB by using the relation. Ts * Ta Yaa Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable ABis T,, and the unit vector of the cable is u,, - Substitute 0.285i + 0.428j-0.857k foru,,,and 7O0N for 7,, Tis = 700: (0.285i + 0.428] - 0.857k) = 200i + 300j - 600k Step 8 of 10 Calculate the tension in the cable AC by using the relation. Tre = Tie Wace Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC is T,. and the unit vector of the cable is u,. - Substitute —0.23i + 0.307 j-0.923k foru,,.- Tre =Tyc {0.23081 + 0.3077 j- 0.923 1k ) Calculate the tension in the cable AD by using the relation. Tw =Tip Wap Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AD is T,,, and the unit vector of the cable ADis u,, - Substitute —0,33i - 0.66j-0.66k for u,,- Ty = Typ: (-0.3333i - 0.66675 - 0.6667k) Write the Force vector of the vertical force. F=Fk Here, magnitude of the vertical force is F . Step 9 of 10 Apply the equilibrium condition at point A. Ty tT. +T-+F =0 Substitute the corresponding expressions in the above equation. (200i + 300j - 600k) +7, -(-0.33331 - 0.6667] - 0.6667) | + Tye {0.23081 + 0.3077j - 0.923 1k) + (Fk) | {ie - 0.33337, -0.23087,.) + j(300 - 0.66677, + 0.30777, i -o +k (—600 - 0.66677, -0.923IT,. + F) Compare the coefficients of i,j,k . 200 — 0.33337, — 0.23087, =0 .....- (1) 300 - 0.66677,, + 0.30777, =O ...... (2) 600 - 0.66677, —0.9231T,. + F = 0 ...... 3) Step 10 of 10 Solve the equations (1) and (2) to find the tensions T,,,T,. - Typ = 510N and 7. =130N Substitute the values of 7 “Tac in equation (3). -600 - 0.66677, -0.923IT,. + F=0 -600— 0.6667(510) - 0.923(130)+ F =0 600-340-1204 F =0 F =1060N Therefore, tensions in the cable AC, AD are -[S10N] respectively and the magnitude of the vertical force F is!1060 NI.“| Step 1 of 10 3.045P Let y= 800N Let of, 0,05, %4 are the angles made bythe forces y, 2, ¥y and fy with the positive x- axis 6.85. 85.B,are the angles made by the forces #7), #2.é3 and #g with the positive y— axis Ye Yor ¥a: Yq are the angles made by the forces #; , #,87 and #y with the pos:tive z - axis. Step 2 of 10 + The force vector ®, can be written as ER =(Reosey i +(R cos Bh) F+(R cosy, Je From the figure c= 60° A, = 90° yy, = 30° _ R= (F cos60°Vh+( Fc0s 9093 +(F, con 30°VE R= (0.5K) +0)+(0.966 RE Step 3 of 10 The force vector z can be written as B= (Fycos 04 )f +(F cos 8) 5+( cos ya ye From the figure, 6, = wn” (2) B, = 36.87° Ya = 90° a, = 53.139 FB, = (Fy c0553.13°)3 -( H, cos 36.87°) j K =(0 6 F,)P- (08 AJ Step 4 of 10 The force vector z can be written as R =% costs +% cosh i+ F cos ye Form the figure, « = 150° B= 120° 4 = 90° B, = (cos 150°\F + (F, c08120°) } RB =-0.866 #f-0.5 8} Step 5 of 10 > The force vector #, can be written as iz = (A, cos a, Ji +(F, cos 8) 7+ (F, cos Wwe From the figure a, = 90° By = 60° Ys = 150° F, = (800 cos90°)!+(800 cos 60°) }+(800 cos 1509 £ R = 4003-692 92£ Step 6 of 10 + + Since the particle is in equilibrium, resultant force vector R=0 R=R+R+R+8, . B+ K+ K+ =0 => [(0.54)f+(0.866 4)4]+[(0.6 4)F-(0.8 4) 7] +[ (0.866%) +(-0.58) J] +[400}-692.828 |= 6 70.55 +0.6#, -0.866%, ]+j[-0.8%, -0.55,+400] +K[0.866F, -692.82]=0f +0) +08 Step 7 of 10 By comparing ?, Re coefficients, we get 0.54 +0.64 —0.8664% =0 -—-—------ (1) -0.8F, -0.5%+400=0 0.84, +0.5% = 400 ---------------------- (2) 0.8664 - 692.82=0 0.8668, = 692.82 -------------------------- QQ Step 8 of 10 From equation (3), 4 =——— F =800N .. The force By substituting the value of F; in the equation (1), we get 0.5x800+0.6% — 0.866% =0 0.67, — 0.8668, +400 =0 0.6%, = 0.866%, - 400 FB =1443 666.67 ---- Step 9 of 10 From equation (2) and (4) 0.8(1.443% - 666.67) +0.54 = 400 1.1544¥, - 533.336 +0.5% = 400 1.65448, = 933,336 RK =564.2N . The force & is Step 10 of 10 By substituting the value of #3 in the equation (4), we get F, = (1.443x 564.2) - 666.67 A =14747N .. The force |, = 147.47 NI[ Step 1 of 6 3.046P Let force in the cable DA be Tos . Force in the cable DB be T,, , and Force in the cable DC be Toc Draw the free body diagram at the point D as shown in figure. Xx Step 2 of 6 The coordinates of the points A, B, C and Dare A=(4.5,0,3) B=(1.5,0,0) C=(0,2.5,3) D=(1.5,1.50) Express vector D4 - DA=OA-OD = (4.57+0)+3k)-(1.57+1.57+ 08) =3)-1.5j+3k Calculate [DA : |Dal= J(3)' +(1.5) +@y =45 Calculate unit vector along DA. Bi “(pal _ 37-15} 43k 45 = 0.6677 - 0.333 +0.667k Calculate the force vector Ton as shown below. Tox =Ty Noa = Tp, (0.667i - 0.333 + 0.667k) Step 3 of 6 Express vector Dg - DB = 0B-OD =(1.51+07+0k)-(1.5/ +157 +04) =-15) Calculate [Dal [Dal =1.5 Calculate unit vector along DB. BB “= a _ 15} 1.5 =-j Calculate the force vector To as shown below. Express vector DC - DC =0C -0D =(07 +2.5j+3k)-(1.57+1.5)+08) =-15i+ j+3k Calculate |Be| [Bc] = y(-1.5)' +(1)’ +@y) =3.5 Calculate unit vector along DC. tae 318! _-lSi+ j43h 3.5 =-0.4287 +0.2867 + 0.857k Calculate the force vector Tos as shown below. Tro =ToeEe = Ty (-0.428i + 0.286] + 0.857k) Express the weight vector as shown below. W =w(-i) = 20k Step 4 of 6 As the force system is in equilibrium, we formulate the condition as below. Toa + Top + Toc + W =6 Tq (0.667i - 0.333) +0.6674) + 7p, (-7) +7 y¢ (-0.428i + 0.286} +0.857K )+ 20(-#)= 0 #(0.667T,, - 0.4287.) + j(-0.333Tp, - Top + 0.2867.) +k (0.6677, + 0.8577, —20)=5 Compare ijk coefficients, to get: 0.6677,, —0.4287,, =0 .....- (1) 0.3337, — Tp, + 0.2867, =0...... (2) 0.6677, + 0.8577, —20=0 -....- (3) Step 5 of 6 From equation (1) 0.6677, = 0.4287, From equations (3) and (4) 0.667(0.6427,,.) + 0.8577, = 20 0.42827,,. + 0.8577... = 20 1.2857, = 20 Ty = 15.56 Ib Thus, the force in the cable DC is |15.561b Step 6 of 6 From equation (4) Tp, = 0.642%15.56 =10 Ib Thus, the force in the cable DA is From equation (2) -0.333(10) -7,, +.0.286(15.56)=0 Tog = 1.1 Ib Thus. the force in the cable DB is |) 1 1hs | Step 1 of 10 3.047P Given: Mass of the crate, m = 20 kg Un stretched length of each spring, §= 2m Stiffness of each spring, k = 300N/m Weight of the crate, W = mg W =20x9.81 W=196.2N Step 2 of 10 Free body diagram at the point ‘O' is as shown in figure. Let %, = Force in OA spring Tg = Force in spring Toc = Force in OC cable So4 = Stretch in the spring OA Sog = Stretch in the spring Step 3 of 10 Step 4 of 10 The force vector 7 can be written as Toy = To (-3 ) To, = Tost The force vector 7, can be written as Tog =To(-1) Tog = —Togt The force vector Tye can be written as Toe I = | ‘OC Where Noo = unit vector along OC. | 8 OC = 67 +47 412k |o¢|= oy +(4) +(12)° yr _ 4 4F + 12k or 14 Noc = 0.4286) + 0.28577 + 0.85718 Toc = Toc (0-4286i + 0.2857} +0.8571k) Step 5 of 10 Weight vector, W = w(-k) W =-Wk Step 6 of 10 Since the force system is in equilibrium resultant force vector, R = 9 R=Ty, +Tog + Toc + W 0 Ty + Tyg + To + ¥ =0 on | (Tosi) + (Toa!) + Toc (0.4286/ + 0.2857 + 0.8571k)+(-wk)=0 => i (Tyg + 0.4286 Ty) + j(—Toy +0.2857 Toe) +& (0.8571 Tye 196.2) =6 Step 7 of 10 By comparing ijk coefficients on both sides We get To, + 0.4286 7, = 0 => Tog = 9.4286 Ty q) -T,, + 9.2857 7, =0 => 7, = 0.2857 Ty. 0.8571 7, -196.2=0 0.8571 7, = 196.2 = Toe = 228.91 N —-—-——-— 8) Step 8 of 10 From equation (2) and (3) T, = 0.285 x 228.91 Ty, = 65.4N From equation (1) and (3), Ty, = 0.4286 228.91 Tog = 98.1 N Step 9 of 10 Now stretch in the spring OA is 300 So, = 0.218 m So, = 218 mm Step 10 of 10 Stretch in the spring is 98.1 8 300 Soq = 0.327 mU step 1 of? 3.048P Draw the free body diagram of ihe force system: Step 2 of 7 Find the coordinates of all points from the diagram. Consider the point O is origin A(0,0,6m) B(-1.5m,-2m,0) C(2m,-3m,0) D(0m,2.5m,0) Now find the position vectors of each cable Position vector of the cable 4B. AB=B-A =(-1.5i-2))—(6k) =-1.51-2j-6k Position vector of the cable 4). AD=D-A =(2.5j)-(6k) =2.5j-6k Position vector of the cable 4c , AC=C-A = (21-3) -(6k) = 2i-3j-6k Step 3 of 7 Find the unit vector of the cable AB, _AB Uae AB Here, magnitude of the vector ABis 43 Substitute —].5)-2j-6k for AB. -1.5i-2j-6k Oe? 5)’ +(-2)' +(-6) _ -1.5i-2j- 6k 7 6.5 =~0.23i -—0.307j-0.923k Step 4 of 7 Find the unit vector of the cable AD, -AD AD Here, magnitude of the vector ADis 4) Wo Substitute 2.5j- 6k for AD. 2.5j-6k (2.5) +(-6)" _2:5]-6k 6.5 = 0,384j—-0.923k Calculate the unit vector of the cable AC, AC Bac = G Here, magnitude of the vector AC is 4C Substitute 2i-3j-6k for AC . ~—— 43k ac (2) +(3) +7 _ 2i-3j-6k 7 = 0.285i - 0.428] -0.857k Step 5 of 7 Find the tension vectors along the all cables. Calculate the tension in the cable AB by using the relation, Tas =Tap Was Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AB is 7, and the unit vector of the cable is uj, Substitute —0,23i - 0,307j-0.923k foru,,. Typ = Typ -(-0.23i -0.307j-0.923k) Calculate the tension in the cable AC by using the relation, The = The ae Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC is Tic and the unit vector of the cable is Urge Substitute 0,285 -0.428j- 0.857k foru,., Tye = Tye (0.2851 - 0.4285 - 0.857k) Catculate the tension in the cable AD by using the relation, Tyo = Tao Yan Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC is Tc and the unit vector of the cable is Wye Substitute 0,384j-0.923k foru,,. Tyo = Ty :(0.384j-0.923k) Write the force vector for the uplift force, F=fk Here, magnitude of the uplift force is Substitute 800 N for F F =800k Step 6 of 7 Apply equiltbrium condition at point A, Ty tT t+ Ty t F=0 «..... (1) Substitute the corresponding expressions in equation (1), Ty t Tye t Ty tF=0 (Typ -(-0.23i - 0.307j-0.923k)) +T,- -(0.285i - 0.428j-0.857k) }=0 +Ty -(0.384j-0.923k) +(800k) i( 0.237 yy + 0.2857,) +j(-0.3077,, -0.4287,. + 0,3847,,) =0 +k (0.9237, -0.857T¢ - 0.9237 yy +800) Compare the coefficients of i, j,k —0.237,, + 0.2857. = 0 ...... (2) 0.3077 5 — 0.4287. + 0.3847, =0 .....- (3) 0.9237 yy —0.857T yc —0.923T yy +800 =0 ...... (4) Step 7 of 7 Solve the equations (3) and (4) to find the tensions T4,7,- and Ty Multiply equation (3) with 0.923 and equation (4) with 0.384. Then the new equations, —0,28337,, — 0.39574 + 0.3547) =0 ...... (5) 0.3547 5 — 0.3297, -— 0.35475 + 307.2 = 0 ...... (6) Sum the equations (5) and (6) 0.63737 yy — 0.724T ye + 307.2 =0 -..... (7) Solve equation (2) and (7) Tyg = 251.47N and 7, = 202.94N Substitute the values of T,,,7,. in equation (3) 0.3077 yy - 0.4287 ,c + 0.384T yy = 0 -0,307(251.47)—0.428( 202.94) + 0.3847, =0 -77.20- 86.858 + 0.3847, =0 Ty =427.23N Therefore, tension in the cable AB, AC, AD is3.049P (-2) +(-6) 4B. for 4D +(-67 for AC wing relation: AB and is the unit vector of the cable. Ue owing relation AC and is the unit vector of the cable. Wc wing relation AD and Wy» is the unit vector of the cable s. « Tyg (0.2855 - 0.428] -0.857k) for Tye , and Tye # 450N equation (4) Typ # 450N ion (6). Typ + 0.285T ye =0 0.285 —"T, a23“ id 45QN for T,, In equation (5} -F=0 ASON , the assumption is correct.[ 1 Step 1 of § 3.050P Figure shows the dimensions of the plate. Step 2 of 5 Calculate the weight of the lamp. W =15kgx9.81m/s? =147.15N Express weight as vector form. W = -147.15k From figure we have 0=(0,0,0) Az=(2,-1.5,6) B= (-415, 0) c =(0, 1.5,0) Let Fo,.F yc and F,, are the forces in the pole OA and cables AB and AC respectively From equilibrium condition at ‘A’ Step 3 of 5 Calculate the vector Foy Fou = Fog Aon OA [od (27 -1.57 +6) Way +(-15) +(6F = Fy, (0.3087 -0.2317 +0.923k) = Foy: Step 4 of 5 Calculate the vector Fay Fa AB [a3 __(67 +37-6h) * (9) +(3)" +(-67 = Fy (-0.6677 + 0.3337 -0.667k) Fig Aus Fig? Calculate the vector Fac “2 +07 +(-9) = Fc (-0.2867 + 0.4287 - 0.857k) Step 5 of 5 From equation (1), we get; (0.308F,,, — 0.667 Fy, — 0.286F,-)7 +(-0.231F,, +0.333F i, + 0.428F,) j +(0.923F,, -0.667F,, -0.857F,.-147.15)k =0 From the above equation we get 0.308F), - 0.667 Fj, - 0.286F ,. =0 0.231F,, -0.333F,, -0.428F,. =0 0.923 Fp, - 0.667 Fy, - 0.857 Fy, = 147.15 Solve the above 3 equations, to get; Fo, = 319.6N Fig =110.5N Fy, =86N Thus, the forces are |F,, =319.6N] | Fyg =110.5N] . and Fc =86N][ 1 Step 1 of § 3.051P Figure shows the dimensions of the plate. Step 2 of 5 Let ‘W be the weight of the lamp From figure we have O=(0,0,0) A=(2,-1.5,6) B=(-4,1.5,0) c =(0,1.5,0) From equilibrium condition at ‘A’ (27 -1.57 +64) (2)' +(-1.3)' +(6) oa" Fo, = F,(0.3087 -0.2317 +0.923K) ...... 2) Step 3 of 5 Calculate the vector Fy Fe =F ic A fq (-27 +37 ~ 6k) (-2)' +3)" +(-6Y° ac” Fig = Fc (-0.2867 + 0.4287 -0.8578) -..... (3) Calculate the vector Fy = AB FaaFy [5 op. (-67 +37 -6k) (6) +3) +(-6° Fig = Fyq (-0.6677 +0.3337 -0.667K) ...... (4) And W =-WE (8) Step 4 of 5 Case |: If cable AB reaches the maximum tensioni.e., F,, = 500N So, (4) will be Fg = 500(-0.6677 +.0.3337 -0.667k ) = 333.3337 +166.6677 —333.333k From equation (1) we get (0.308, -0.286F,. - 333.333)7 +(-0.231F,, + 0.428F,. + 166.667) 7 +(0.923F,, - 0.857F 4. — 333.333 -W)k =0 From the above equation, we get 0.308F,,, -0.286F,. = 333.333 0.231F), -0.428F,,. = 166.667 0.923F,, -0.857F,. ~ W = 333.333 Solve above 3 equations to get: Fy, = 1444.69 N F,- =390.32N W =665.61N But this case is not satisfied because F,, > 300N Case II: If cable AC is reaches the maximum tension i.e., F,,. = 500N .. Equation (3) will be F- = 500(-0.2867 +0.4287 -0.857k) =-1437 +2147 -428.5k From equation (1) we get (0.308F,, ~143-0.667F,,)i +(-0.231F,, +214+0.333F,,)7 +(0.923F,, ~ 428.5-0.667F,, -W)k =0 From the above equation 0.308F,, - 0.667 F,, =143 0.231F,, -0.333F,, = 214 0.923F,, -0.667 Fj, —W = 428.5 Solve the 3 equations to get; Fo, =1846.5N F,, = 638.26N W =850.1N This case is also not satisfied Step 5 of 5 Case III: If the pole is reaches the maximum compression i.e., Foy =300N .. From equation (2) we get Fo, =(300)(0.3087 - 0.2317 + 0.923%) =92.47 -69.37 +276.9k From equation (1) we get (92.4 -0.286F,, - 0.667 Fy, )i +(-69.3+0.428F,, +0.333Fy) +(276.9-0.857 F,, - 0.667 F,, —W )k =0 From the above equation 0.286F ,. + 0.667 Fy, =92.4 0.428F,. + 0.333Fj, = 69.3 0.857F ,. +0.667F,, +W = 276.9 Solve above 3 equations we get F,, =81.23N F,, =103.7N W =138.11N This case is satisfied all the given conditions Thus, the maximum weight of the lamp |]138.11NStep 1 of 6 Given The mass of pot (m) = 50 kg ag=25m The Weight of a cable (w) = mg =50x9.81 w=490.5N Step 2 of 6 The free body diagram of A is Step 3 of 6 From the given figure A=(0,0,0) B=(6,0,2.5) C=(-6,-2,3) D=(-6,2,3) Step 4 of 6 The Cartesian force vectors are = 6i+ 2.5k * fe+(25y¥ = (6-2) +3k) (-6)" +(-2)' +3? = 6. . 2 3 Fac =~ 5 Paci 5 Fach + 7 Fack FoF (42) = 65+ 27+ 3k Fan = Fy OL) (-6) 42743? 6. ..2 3 Fyy= ~7 Fal + 5 Favs +5 Fok. Step 5 of 6 The x-component forces are 6 6 6 55487 Fac 7 Fav =0 ---() The y-component forces are 2 2 ~ Fac +5 Fa =0 Puc = Fyn ---(2) The z-component forces are 23F, +3 Fct3 Fp -490.5=0 2.5 3 3 6508 tg Fac + 9 Fan = 4905 ---(3) Step 6 of 6 Substitute equation (2) in equation (1) & (3) 6 12 Gg hee G Fac =0 ---(4) & Fo +S Fy =4905 —--(5) Solve equations (4) & (5) 6 12 65 aaa Fac =0 (+) 2.5 6 6548 * Fac = 490.5 —>x2 1.6923F,, =981 _ 981 48 1.6923 F yg = 579.681N Substitute F,, value in equation (4) 6 7 Fy =| 2579.68! [x ac [= 3 Fyc =312.136N Substitute F,-. in equation (2) Fyp = 312.136N The forces are Fyy =579.681N Fyc =312.136N 8 [Fy =312.136N “| 3.052P[ Step 1 of8 3.053P Given The forces in the cables AC & AD is one-half as the force in the cable AB. Fag Fue = 48 2 Fyp = 7 The mass of pot (m) = 50 kg d=25m The Weight of a cable (w) = mg =50x9.81 w=490.5N Step 2 of 8 The free body diagram of Ais Step 3 of 8 From the given figure A= (0, 0,0) B= (6, 0,¢) C=(-,-2,3) D=(-6,2,3) Step 40f8 The Cartesian force vectors are = (61-27 - 3k Pac = Face 2 2 v4) +(-2) +3? The Cartesian force vectors are w=-wk W = —490.5k = AB Fun = Fay (42) (6i+ dk) Fug = Fup: e+(dy = 6 d Fy = Fy,it Fy-k = ---( AB ead? 4B ead AB (1) = AC Fre =Fac{ ) AC. Fue = Fue (6=2/+ 5) 9) +(-2) +3? = 6, .2 3 Pace ach 5 acd +5 Fack = Fan; 2 Fan 5, 3 Fang 72 72 72 Step 5 of 8 z= 3, ,! 3 Fac =~ Fast Fuad + Faak -~-(2) = AD Fup F(22) yy = Fyy (StI) (6) 2743? z= 6 2 _,3 Fan =~ 5 Pavitt 5 Favd +5 Fapk. Fyy= ~SFtnig 2 Fan 5 > Fay F, 3,,,1 3 72 72 a> al to Fund + 74 Fank ---(3) Step 6 of 8 The x-component forces are 6 3 3 Jeuar 7 Rana Fas =O 6 6 Vena 7a 6 6 Sad? Fay 7 haa 1. 64d? 7 T=Ve +a Squaring on both sides 49 =36+d" d* =13 d=Vi3 d =3.6055m Substitute’d’ in the equation (1) ke 6 ig 3.0055 ©. Y3e+3.0089 “3643605597 = 6, ., 3.6055 Fas = Pasi Frank ---(4) Step 7 of 8 The y-component forces are 1 I ~7 Fae 7 Fig =0 0=0 The z-component forces are 3.6055 3 3 Fant og Fan tg Fan ~490.5=0 Fu 2 +S ]-a505 7 14 490.5 0.943 Fas Fg = 519.794N Step 8 of 8 We know that 519.794 2 Fe = 259.897N aie pe 2 _ 519,794 2 = Fyy = 259.897 N The forces are Fyg =519.79N Fyjc = 259.89N Fyp = 259.89)"stop 1 of 3,054P Draw the free body diagram of the crate system: Step 2 of 9 Find the coordinates of all paints from the diagram. Consider the point 0 is origin. A(0,6ft,2.5ft) B(-21,0,4ft) C(2ft,0,5.5 ft) D(Of,Of,0R) Step 3 of 9 Now find the position vector of each cable. Position vector of the cable 48, AB=B-A =(-2i+ 4k) -(6j+2.5k) =-21-6j+1.5k Position vector of the cable AC, AC=C-A =(2i+5.5k) -(6j+ 2.5k) =2i-6j+3k Position vector of the cable 4p. AD=D-A =(0)-(6{+2.5k) =-6j-2.5k Write the weight vector of the crate, W=-Wk Supstitute 4001b for W W =-400k Find the unit vector of the cable AB, AB tn ae Here, magnitude of the vector ABis 48 Substitute -2i-6j+1.5k for AB. -2i- 6+ 1.5k Sa = 2 2 2 (-2) +(-6) +(1.5) _ ~2i-6j+1.5k (65 = 0.3071 - 0.923j + 0.230k Step 40f 9 Calculate the unit vector of the cable AC, AC Me FE Here, magnitude of the vector AC is 4C Sudstitute 2j-6j+3k for AC . _ 2i1-6j+3k 7 = 0.2864 - 0.857) + 0.429k Step 50f9 Find the unit vector of the cable AD, ues AD ea Here, magnitude of the vector ADis 4) Substitute -6j- 2.5k for AD. ___~6j-2.5k (-6)' + ~6]-2.5k “65 =-0.923} -0.384k u AD Find the tension vectors along the all cables. Calculate the tension in the cable AB by using the relation, Tre = Tia Yas Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AB is Tae and the unit vector of the cable is Us Substitute -).307i - 0.923j + 0.230k foru,,. Tys = Ty (-0.3071 - 0.923] + 0.230k) Calculate the tension in the cable AC by using the relation, Tre = Tre Ware Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC is Te and the unit vector of the cable is Wace Substitute 0.2861 - 0.857j+0.429k foru,.. Tye = Tye -(0.2861 - 0,857) + 0,429k) Step 6 of 9 Calculate the tension in the cable AD by using the relation. Tyo = Tip Wan Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC is 7, and the unit vector of the cable is u,. Suostitute 0.923] ~0.384k foru,,. Ty = Tp -(0.923j- 0.384k) Step 7 of 9 Apply equilibrium condition at point A, Tyg + Tye + Tp + W = 9 Subpstitute the corresponding expressions in the above equation, (Tua (0.3071 - 0.923] + 0.230k )) + (Tyc -( 0.286% -0.857j+0.429k))] _ ° +T yy: (-0.923j-0.384k) + (400k) i(-0.307T,, + 0.2867, ) + j(-0.923T 4, ~ 0.8577. ~ 0.9237 45) 0 +k(0.2307,, + 0.429T,,. - 0.3847, - 400) 7 Compare the coefficients of i, jandk 0.3077, + 0.2867, = 0... (1) 0,923T,, - 0.8577 ,¢ — 0.9237 yp =0 ....-. (2) 0.2307 yy + 0.4297 ,¢ —0.384T yy —400 = 0 ...... (3) Step 8 of 9 Write the tension in AC in terms of tension in cable AB from equation (1) 0.3077, + 0,286T,. =0 0.307 ac = 0286.” Tye = 1073T yy Substitute the expression for 7, in equation (2) 0.9237, - 0.8577 4. - 0.9237 ,, =0 0.9237, ~ 0.887( 1.0737, ) - 0.9237, =0 ~0.923T yy -0.92T yg - 0.9237 ,y = 0 -1.8437,, -0.923T,, =0 (4) Substitute the expression for 7. in equation (3) 0.2307, +0.429T,. 0.3847, -400 = 0 0.2307;,, +0.429(1.0737,,)- 0.3847, -400=0 0,230T,, +0.467,, -0.384T,, —400 = 0 0.697, -0.3847,, -400=0 ...... (5) Step 9 of 9 Solve the equations (4) and (5) T,, = 274.5\b and T,, = 548.27 1b Hence, the tension in the cord AC, Ty =1,073T jg =1.073(2745) =295Ib Therefore. tension in the cable AB and AC is |2 . |295 1b] respectively and the tension in the strut ADisFstop tof 3.055P Draw the free body diagram of the crate force system: Step 2 of 9 Find the coordinates of all points from the diagram. Consider the point D is origin. A(0,6f,2.58) B(-28,0,48) C(28,0,5.58) D(OR,OR,OR) Step 3 of 9 Now find the position vector of each cable. Position vector of the cable 4R , AB=B-A =(-2i+ 4k)—(6j+ 2.5k} = -2i-6j+1.5k Position vector of the cable AC, AC=C-A = (21+5.5k)—(6j+2.5k) = 2i-6j+3k Position vector of the cable 4p, AD=D-A = (0)-(6j+2.5k) = -6j-2.5k Write the weight vector of the crate, W=-Wk Find the unit vector of the cable AB, AB Wet 4a = Here, magnitude of the vector AB is 48 Substitute -2j- 6j+1.5k for AB. 21-6 54+ 1.5K _ ~2i- 64+ 1.5k - 65 = 0.3071 — 0.923] + 0.230k Step 4 of 9 Calculate the unit vector of the cable AC, a Ac ac AC Here, magnitude of the vector AC is 4C Substitute 2i-6j+3k for AC . une 2i-6j+3k ace 2 2 2 (2) +(-6)' +(3) _ 21-6j+3k 7 = 0.2861 — 0.857) + 0.429k Find the unit vector of the cable AD, AD a, =— 40 TD Here, magnitude of the vector ADis 4) Substitute -§j-2.5k for AD . —6j-2.5k (6y + _ 6j-2.5k 65 = -0.923j-0.384k Step 5 of 9 Find the tension vectors along the all cables. Calculate the tension in the cable AB by using the relation, Tro = Fara U se Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AB is le and the unit vector of the cable is Way Substitute —0,307i - 0,923] + 0.230K foru,,: Tyg = Tyg X (-0.307i - 0.923j +0.230k ) Calculate the tension in the cable AC by using the relation, Tye = Tye Mae Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC is 7. and the unit vector of the cable is uw, Substitute 0.286i - 0.857j+0.429k foru,,.. Tye = Pye X(0-286i - 0.857) +0.429k) Step 6 of 9 Calculate the tension in the cable AD by using the relation, Teo = TY Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC is 7. and the unit vector of the cable is uy. Substitute —0,923j-0.384k for Uppy: Typ = Typ -(-0.923j -0.384k) Write the vector for the weight of the crate, Wek Here, weight of the crate is Step 7 of 9 Apply equilibrium condition at point A, Tyg + Ty + Ty + W = 0 Substitute the corresponding expressions in the above equation, ("= (-0.3071 -0.923j + 0.230k))+(7,- (0.2861 -0.857j+ nem} <0 4+ Ty -(-0.923j-0.384k) + (-Wk) i(-0.3077,, +0.2867,,.)+ j(-0.9237,, -0.857T ,. 0.9237 ,)) | +k (0.2307, +0.4297,, - 0.3847, -W) Compare the coefficients of i,j and 0.3077, + 0.2867, =0 Tye 21.0 TT gy (1) 0.9237 yy — 0.857F yp -0.923F yp =O... 2) 0.2307 yy + 0.4297, — 0.3847) -W =0 ...... 3) Step 8 of 9 Consider the tension in the cable AB is 300 Ib. Substitute 3001b for T,, in equation (1) Tye =1OBT yy Tye = 1.073(300) =322.02Ib Since, Mc> 300 Ib tension in the cable AB is not equal to 300 Ib. Step 9 of 9 Consider tension in the cable AC is 300 Ib. Substitute 3001b for 7,,,. in equation (1) Tye =1OT3T gg 300 = 1.0737, Tyg = 279.58 Ib Since, Tap <300 Ib assumption is correct. Now substitute the values of 7, , 7, in equation (2) 0.9237 yy - 0.8877 yc 0.9237 jy = 0 0.923 (279.58)— 0.857(300)- 0.923(7,,,)=0 0.9237 jp =-515.15 Typ = ~558.13 Ib Fup) = 358.1316 Therefore, force developed in the strut AD is |558.134b(C) Now substitute 3001b for 7,,. .279.58 lb for 7, and -558.13ib for 7,,, in equation (3) 0.230 yy + 0.4297. ~ 0.3847) -W =0 0.230 (279.58) +0.429(300)-0.384(~558.13)-W = 0 W = 407.32Ib Therefore, the largest weight of the crate i:[ 1 Step 1 of 6 3.056DP Given the weight w = 3500 /b d=2ft Step 2 of 6 Step 3 of 6 Total weight to be supported, W = 3500 Ib From the given figure O =(0,0,0) A=(0,0,10) B=(4,-3,0) C=(0,3,0) D=(-4,1,0) Step 4 of 6 The Cartesian force vectors are = AB Fup -Fa (2) Fup = Fax: (4i-3j-10k) ary + C107 F jy = 0.3577F ,gi —0.2683F yp j -0.8944F jk Bye = Fue 7 (2) +) +(-10) Fy = 0.1881 F jci + 0.2822 F yc j - 0.9407 Fick = AD Fan = Fan (2) = —4i+1j-10k Fyp = Fy (-4)’ +1 + (10) F yy = —F yy 0.36981 + F,0.0924 j — Fy, 0.9245k Step 5 of 6 The x-component forces are 0.3577F ,5 + 0.1881F 4. -0.3698F,, =0 ---(I) The y-component forces are -0.2683F 45 + 0.2822 F ,- +0.0924F,, =0 ---(2) The z-component forces are -0.8944F ,, - 0.9407F ,- -0.9245F,, +3500 = 0 0.8944F ,, +0.9407F,. +0.9245F,, = 3500 ---(3) Solve equations (2) & (3) -0.2683F jp +0.2822F ,,. +0.0924F ,p = 0 x10 (=) 0.8944F 4, +0.9407F yc +0.9245F yy = 3500 =3.5774F ,, +1.8813F 4 = -3500 ---(4) Step 6 of 6 Solve equations (1) & (3) (+) 0.3577 Fyg +0.1881F yp -0.3698F, =0 >%0,9245 0.8944F yp +0.9407F yc + 0.9245 F yp = 3500 —> x0,3698 0.6614F ,, +0.5217F,- = 1294.3 —--(5) Solve equations (4) & (5) -3.5774F jg + 1.8813F , = -3500 > x0.6614 0.66 14F yy + 0.5217 F yc = 1294.3 > x3.5774 3.1106Fy¢ = 2315.3288 (+) Fyc = 744.355 Fic = 0.744 kip Substitute F’ "4c Value in equation (5) F< (1294.3 - 0.5217x 744.355) aan 0.6614 = 1369.79 Fyg =1.3697kip Substitute Fy & Fyc values in equation (1) _ 0.3577 1369.79 + 0.1881 744.355 Fao 0.3698 Fay =1703.588 Fyp =1.7035kip The forces are F< = 0.744kip|[ 1 Step 1 of 6 3.057P Draw the free body diagram of forces acting on the cables, AB, AC and AD as follows: Step 2 of 6 Total weight to be supported, JV = 3500 Ib From the given figure, the coordinates are the following: O=(0,0,0) A=(0,0,10) B=(4,-3,0) C =(0,3,0) D= (-4,1,0) The Equilibrium condition of forces at A. DF =0 Fg tFyct Fy +W =0 (1) Here, find the tensions in the cables AB, AC and AD are F- er ac and Fup respectively. Step 3 of 6 Calculate the Force vector of the cable AB by using the following equation: = AB Fy =F... (2) [44| Calculate the position vector of AB. ‘AB = OB-OA = (4i-3j+ 0k)- (01+ 0j+10k) = 4i-3j-10k Calculate the magnitude of position vector 4p - [45| = Var + (3 +10 = 416494100 =v125 =11,18 Substitute, 4i-3j-10k forgg. 11.18 for [45| : Fier (4i-3j-10k) oe LIB = Fg.{0.357i- 0.2683] - 0.8944k) Step 4 of 6 Calculate the Force vector of the cable, AC by using the following equation = AC Fie =F ye... (3) 2501b . tension in the cable AB is not equa’ to 250 Ip. Step 11 of 13 Consider the tension in the cable AC is 2501b Substitute 2501b for T,,. in equation (1) ~O428F yy + 0.2857 ,- = 0 0.4287 ,, + 0.285(250) =0 _ 7125 * 0.428 =166.471b Now, substitute 250 1b for 7, and 166.471b ‘or 7, in equation (2) O.8STE jy -0.857T ye +0.6T yy = 0 -0.857(166.47)-0.857(250)+0.67,, =0 -142,66-214.25+0.67,, =0 _ 356.91 006 = 594.85Ib Since, 7, > 2501b , tension in the cable AC is not equal to 250 Ib. Step 12 of 13 Consider the tension in the cable ADis 2501b Substitute 2501b for T,, in equation (2) O85 TF jy —0.857T yc + 0.6T yp = 0 -0,8577 4 - 0.8577 ,- + 0.6(250) =0 0.8577, +0.8577,- =150 ...... (4) Solve the equations (1} and (4) Tyg = 69.910 and Ty. = 105.06 1b Since. tensions in the cable AB and AC are less than 250 Ib, assumplion is correct Step 13 of 13 Now substitute 25Ib fer 7, . 69.91b tcr T,, and 105.06Ib for 7, in equation (3) 0.2857, 40.4287, + 0.87 yy —W =0 0.285(69.9) +0.428(105.06)+ 0.8(250)- =0 19.92 + 45.074 200-W =0 W = 264.99 ib Therefore, the maximum weight of the crate is[ 7 Step 1 of 5 3.060P Step 2 of 5 Weight of the cylinder, W= (800 k) Ib Radius , r= 1 ft d=1f Position vector of the AC, AC =ni+dk =i+k it+tk 2 Unit vector of the AC , Age = =0.707(i+K) So, Tension in AC, Tye = Tydac = 0.7077, (i +k) Step 3 of 5 Position vector of the AD, AD=-7j+dk =-j+k So tension in AD, Typ = Tynan ith V2 = 0.10775 (4 +k) =Tp Step 4 of 5 Position vector of the , AB =—7 cos45°i+r sin 455 +dk =-cos45%4sin459j +k Tyg (- cos 45° +sin 455 +k) cos? 45°+ sin? 45°+1 T yx (0.707)(-cos45°% +sin 459 +k) By the equilibrium Ta +Tas +2 an + = 0 Tz (0.707) (-cos455% + sin 459 +k) + 0.707 Typ (i +k) + (0.707) Zp (-j+k) — 800k = 0 Compare i-coefficients -Tyx( 0.707) cos 45°+0.707 Tyy = 0 Taq = Tap 003 45 -------------- (1) Compare j-coefficients Taz (0.707) sin 45° — Typ (0.707) = 0 Tap = Tyg sin 45° --- -- (2) From (1) and (2) Tac = Tap Compare k —coefficient Taz (0.707) 40.707 Tg + (0.707) Typ - 800 = 0 800 0.707 Tay + 22 yg = 131.542 __1131,542 "14200845 = 468.7 Ib 7, = 469 Ib Tension in AB, Typ = Tay + Tag = ae Step 5 of 5 From equation (1) Tae = Tyg cos 45° = (469) cos 45° = 331.42op tof 3.061P Draw the free body diagram of the tower: Step 2 of 7 Find the coordinates of all points from the diagram. Consider the point & is origin. A(0,0,30ft) B(i0ft,-15,0) C(-15f,-108,0) D(Of,12.58,0) Now find the posilion vectors of each cable. Position vector of the cable 4B. AB=B-A = (10i-15j)-(30k) = 101-15j-30k Position vector of the cable 41), AD=D-A = (12.5j)-(30k) =12,5j-30k Position vector of the cable 4C . AC=C-A = (-15i-10j)- (30k) = -15i-10j- 30k Position vector of the cable 4£, AE=E-A =(0)-(30k) =-30k Step 3 of 7 Find the unit vector of the cable AB, AB Me B Here, magnitude of the vector AB is 4B Substitute 10i-15j-30k for AB. ~ Wi-15j-30k 35 = 0.285i-0.428j-0.857k Find the unit vector of the cable AD, Here, magnitude of the vector AD is 4p Substitute 12.5)-30k for AD. = 0.384j—0.923k Calculate the unit vector of the cable AC, ac Mee 4C Here, magnitude of the vector AC is AC Substitute —] 5j -10j-30k for AC. -15i-10j-30k Mac = 2 2 7 Ys) +(-10)' + (-30) _ -15i-10j-30k 35 = -0.428i — 0.285j-0.857k Step 4 of 7 Calculate the unit vector of the cable AE. a, = AZ AE Here, magnitude of the vector AE is 4F Substitute 30k for AE. Step 5 of 7 Find the tension vectors along the all cables. Calculate the tension in the cable A8 by using the relation, Tae = Tea Uae Here, magnitude of the tension inthe cable AB iS Tj, and the unit vector ofthe cable is wz» Substitule 0,285i - 0.428j-0.857k for u,, . Mg = Tq “(0.285 - 0.428] -0.857k) Calculate the tension in the cable AC by using the relation, Tye = Tye We Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC Is 7. and the unit vector of the cable is u 4. Substitute 0.4281 -0.285j-0.857k for uy. . Tye = Tye “(0.428% - 0.285) - 0.857k) Step 6 of 7 Calculate the tension in the cable AD by using the relation, Tan = Tan “Yao Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC is Vc and the unit vector of the cable is u 4. Substitute 0.384j-0.923k for u,, and 1300%b for 7,,, Typ = 1300-(0.384j-0.923k) = 499.2j-1199.9k Let the force along the tower AE be F,, Find the force vector of AF by using the relation, Fae = Fae War Here, unit vector along the tower AE is Wee Substitute k for wy, Fae = Fee (Kk) Step 7 of 7 Apply equilibrium condition at point A, Tye + Tye + Typ tPF yg =O Substitute the corresponding expressions in the above equation, {"* -(0.285i - 0.428) - 0.857k) + 7, -(-0.428i - 0.285. am} <0 + (499.25-1199.9k) +( F,,.-(k)) jane = 0.4287 ¢¢) + j(-0.4287 1, - 0.2857 4. + m2) =o +k (-0.857T,, -0.857k -1199.9+ Fy) Compare the coefficients of i, j.K 0.2857,, — 0.4287, =0 ...... (1) 0.4287, — 0.2857, + 499.2 =0 ...... (2) -0.857T 4g 0.8577 yo -1199,9+ Fup = 8) Solve the equations (t) and (2) tc find the tensions Tae Tae Tq =808.05 lb and T,, =538.07Ib Substitute the values of 7, “ast ac iN equation (3) 0.8577 4g - 0.8577, -1199.9+F,, =O 0.857 (808.05) - 0.857 (538.07) -1199.9+ Fy, =O 692.498 -461.125-1199.9+ Fy, =0 Fy = 353.5216 = 2.352 kips Therefore, tensions in the cable AB, AC are lb] respectively and the force along theMsp 1 of 3.062P Draw the free body diagram of the tower. Step 2 of 9 Find the coordinates of all points from the diagram. Consider the point E is origin. A(0,0,30ft) B(1Oft,-15 ft, 0) C(-15ft,-10ft,0) D(Oft,12.5.,0) Calculate the position vector of the cable 4p. AB=B-A =(101-15])-(30k) =10i-15j-30k Calculate the position vector of the cable 4) AD=D-A =(12.5j)-(30k) =12.5j-30k Step 3 of 9 Calculate the position vector of the cable 4 AC=C-A =(-15i-10))- (30k) =-15i-10j-30k Calculate the position vector of the cable 4F . AE=E-A =(0)- (30k) =-30k Find the unit vector of the cable A8. a = AB a AB Here. magnitude of the vector AB is 4B Substitute 10i-15j-30k for AB. 10i- 15) +(-30)° _ 101-15j- 30k 35 = 0.285i- 0.428]-0.857k Step 4 0f 9 Find the unit vector of the cable AD. AD Mw aD Here, magnitude of the vector AD is 4). Substitute 12.5j-30k for AD ___12.5j-30k “375 = 0.384j-0.923k Step 50! 9 Calculate the unit vector of the cable AC. AC Ac Here, magnitude of the vector AC is 4C Wace Substitute -15i-10j-30k for ac =~ }54-10J- 30k (-15y' +(-10)' +(-30)° _ -15i-10j-30k 7 35 = —0.428i — 0.285j-0.857k Step 6 of 9 Calculate the unit vector of the cable AE. AE SE Here, magnitude of the vector AE is 4E Substitute -30k for AE. -30k =-lk Calculate the tension in the cable AG by using the relation. Tyo =T pM an Here, magnitude of the tension in the cabie AB is 7,, and the unit vector of the cable isu ,,. Substitute 0.285i— 0.428j-0.857k for u,, and 1000[b for 7,,. Ty, = 1000-(0.285i — 0.428 j- 0.857k) = 285i- 428j-857k Step 7 of 9 Calculate the tension in the cable AC by using the relation. Tre The Wace Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable AC is T,,. and the unit vector of the cable is w 4. Substitute —0,428i - 0.285j-0,857k for Wye - Me = Typ (0.4281 - 0,285j—0.857k) =-0.4287,,1- 0.2857, j- 0.8577 ,k Calculate the tension in the cable AD by using the relation To = Tay Yao Here, magnitude of the tension in the cable ADis T,,, and the unit vector of the cable is u 4p - Substitute 0,384j-0.923k foru,,- Tay = Typ -(0.384j-0.923k) Calculate the force vector of AE by using the relation. Fae = Fe War Here, the force along the tower AE is F,, and unit vector along the tower AE is uj. Substitute —}k for, Fes = Far -(-Ik) Step 8 of 9 Apply equilibrium condition at point A, Tas + Tac + Tap t Py =O Substitute the corresponding expressions in the above equation, + (Typ -(0.384j-0.923k)) + (Fy -(-1k)) i(285 -0.4287,,.) + j(—428- 0.2857, + 0.38475) ° +k(-857 -0.8577,.. -0.923T,, — Fir) = { 285i-428j- 857k) +(-0.4287,.1 oh Compare the 4 coefficient. 285 0.4287, =0 Tye = 665.810 Compare the ij coefficient. 428 - 0.2857, + 0.3847 jy 428 - 0,285 665.8 + 0.3847, Tp = 1608.7 1b =1.608kips Step 9.019 Compare the k coefficient. “857 - 0.8577 ye - 0.9230 yy - Fug Substitute 1,85kips for 7, 857 - 0.857(665.8) - 0.923(1608.7)- F,. Fy, =-2912.41b =-2.912kips Therefore, the maximum tension in the cable AD is 2. Nd the force along the tower is kips (upward) Since T,. < 10001Ib our assumption is correct.Step 1 of 13 3. 063P. Given Mass of chandelier, rm =100kg we 100x.9.81N w= 981N w= —(981k)N 2= 600mm = 0.6m Let Tyg, Fyr and Typ be the tensions in the cable AB, AC and AD respectively Step 2 of 13 Free body diagram Step 3 of 13 The position vector of OA, OA =-zk The position vector of OB, OB =0.5j The position vector of OC, OC =—-0.5cos 30%-0.5sin 305) OC = -0.4331-0.253 The position vector of OD, GD = 0.5cos30°1- 0.5sin 309 OD = 0.433 i- 0.255 Step 4 of 13 Now, position vector of AB, AB=OB-OA AB=0.5j+zk The position vector of AC, AC=OC-OA AC = -0.433i -0.25j +zk The position vector of AD, AD=QD-OA AD = 0.433i- 0.25) +zk Step 5 of 13 The free body diagram at A: Tye AC Tap Typ Step 6 of 13 The Cartesian force vectors are AB Tap = Tap: ina (0.5j+zk) Vos42" O5Typ zT, Tap = j+——4_x. _....... a VO.25+27 0.25427 Typ = Tap: Step 7 of 13 Similarly, Ac Tao = Tac ag (-0.433i- 0.25] +zk) ¥0.1875+0.0625+27 -0. T, Tyg = og; O25 ae 5 Tae? Sk... 0.2542" o2s+2 vo.25+27 Tae = Tac: Step 8 of 13 AD. [AD| . (0.433% - 0.255 +zk) ¥0.187540.0625+27 1 = 24232 0-257 yp i +2! _y GQ 40 = SS - Sj + EL Ci—iz«......... Yo2s+2? Jo2s+2? Yo25s+27 Tan = Tan Tan = Tan Step 9 of 13 By resolving all the forces yF=0 Tag + Tac tTap tw =0 05a 5, _ 27a 4 | 204337; 025Tc 5, Tare Jo2s+z?” fo25+2? Jo25+22 o2s+z? ~fo.2stz? 0A33T yp, 0.25T¢p 2. 2T en + | i - + | - 8 1k = 0 | 025422 Jo.25+27 Step 10 of 13 Equating the iterms to zero we get 0.433017, 0433017, Joose2? Jo2s+2? = 0.43301T ye _ 0.433017 yp Vo2s42? 0.2542" Tar = Tap von (@) Step 11 of 13 Equating the j terms to zero we get 0.57 y5 0.25746 0.25745 aa a Eg, 3) Vo25+2? Jo25+27 Vo0.25+2" ( Substituting equation (a) in equation (b) O.5Typ 0.57 yp ¥o.25+2? Jo25+2" Tap = Tap vee (@) Step 12 of 13 Equating the k terms to zero we get le Te Ta NO.25+27 0.25427 0.2542" Substitute equation (a) & (d) in equation (e) a +z+z)=981 0.25 +2 xin = 981 0.25 +27 _ 981Y0.25+27 % + —981=0 Tap Step 13 of 13 We know that z=06m j 2 Tu 981x J0.25+(0.6) 3x 0.6 Tag = 425.65N Tay =426N Tyo = 426N] & Tap = 4260]~T Step 1 of 10 3.064P Given Mass of chandelier, rm =100kg we 100x.9.81N w= 981N w= -(0.981k Fay = Tay = Pap = 1K Let z be the smallest allowable distance required for equilibrium Step 2 of 10 Free body diagram Step 3 of 10 The position vector of OA, OA =-zk The position vector of OB, OB = 0.5j The position vector of OC, OC =—-0.5cos 309-0. Ssin 305 OC = -0.4331- 0.255 The position vector of OD, OD = 0.5cos30°i- 0.5sin 305) OD = 0.4331- 0.255 Step 4 of 10 Now, position vector of AB, AB=OB-OA AB=05j+zk The position vector of AC, AC=OC-OA AC = -0.4331-0.25j+zk The position vector of AD, AD=QD-OA AD =0.433i- 0.25) +zk Step 5 of 10 The Cartesian force vectors are AB Tae = Tas a= 0.5) +2k V0.5? +2? a5 Z ee a 02542? 0.25427 Step 6 of 10 Similarly, AC Tye = Tag jac] —0.433i1-0.25j +zk Tye =1- SSS 0.18754 0.0625+z T 0.433. 0.25 - Zz 10 = =i - — j++ 2 ~Ci—i«!w... (2) Vo.25+2? Jo2s42? Jo25+27 Step 7 of 10 AD "an = 740 TaD) ( 0.433i- 0.25] +2k ) Typ =1.| ——— 40.18754-0.0625+2" T 0.433. 0.25 Zz = jf - jy se OP fo2s+2 Jo2s+2? Jo2s+2 Step 8 of 10 By resolving all the forces YiF=0 Tap + Tag t+ Tap tw =0 053, 2 «}| 20433, 025, t| 025427 V0.25+z" vo2s+z? Vo25+22 fo.25+2? 0.433 0.25 z + i i to Ss Jo2s+z? 0.2542 Step 9 of 10 Equating the k terms to zero we get —— + + 2 - 0.98150 Vo.25+2? o.2s+2? 0.2542" — __ 0981 0.25 +2" 3z =0.981Y0.25+27 Step 10 of 10 Now, squaring on both sides we get 92? = 0.9623(0.25+2") 8.03762? = 0.2406[ 1 Step 1 of 7 3.065P Step 2 of 7 Given Weight of the chandelier, W = 80 lb From AAOD DB lft 9 2.40 Step 3 of 7 1 t -— masa 8, = 22.62° Step 4 of 7 Take free body diagram at A Step 5 of 7 By equilibrium Iz =0 Taq sin 8, — cos 45° sin B74, = 0 Toc sin ( 22.62) - cos 45° sin (22.62°) 7, = 0 Tag = Tyg os 45° ---------------- (1) IF, =0 —Tp sin & +cos45°sin O74, =0 Tap = Tyg cos 45° -------. So from (1) and (2) Tao = Tap Step 6 of 7 Iz =0 Tyo cos 8, + Typ cos 8, +742 cos 8, —- ¥ =0 2Ty¢ cos 8 +74, cos 6, =80 2(Zypz cos 45°) cos (22, 62°) +7, 00s 22.62° = 80 Typ [2008 45° cos 22.62°+ cos 22.629] = 80 2.22857, = 80 . 80 Tension in AB, 7,, = —— 2.2285 = 35.9 lb Zan = 39.9116 Step 7 of7 So tension in AD , Typ = Tyg cos 45° = (35.9) (cos 45°) = 25.38 lb So |T,, = 25.38 Ib Since, Tyo = Zap So, |Z, = 25.38 IbStep 1 of 11 Step 2 of 11 Given that Maximum tension in each cable, 4, = 120 lb Let Tys, Zug and Typ are the tensions in the cables AB, AC and AD respectively From figure A=(0,0,0) B=(-100845°,1sin 45°, 2.4) =(-0.707, 0.707, 2.4) C=(1.0,24) D=(0,-1,2.4) Step 3 of 11 Force vector in the cable AB, Fyy = Typ - - 0.7071 +0.707j+ 24k =T,:——— -0.707) + (0.707) +(2.47° Eye = Tun: —0.7071+ ami +2.4k Fax = Zap (—0.2721 + 0.272) +0.923k) Step 4 of 11 Force vector in the cable AC, Fy, aT AS i+24k Fac =lg ——_, (1) +(24) i+24k Fae = Tuo AC aC 26 Fae = Tac (0.3851+0.923k) Step 5 of 11 Force vector in the cable AD, Fyy = Tp: => Fup= Toy: ati4 2 . (“1 +(2.4) 1+ 24k Fy =Ty:-———_ P26 Fyy = Typ (-0.385j + 0.923) Vector form ofthe weight, W=-Wk Step 6 of 11 By the equilibrium condition Fas + Bec + Fag + W =0 Tap (-0. 272i +0.272j +0.923k) + Tye (0.3854 +0.923k) +T yp (-0.385j +0.923k) - Wk =0 (-0.2727,, +0. 38574) + (0.27274, — 0.38574, )j +{0.9237,, +0.9237 4, +0.9237,,-W )k = 0 Step 7 of 11 By the above equation we get —0.2727,, + 0.3857, =0 -—-- (1) 0.27274, — 0.38574, = 0 --—-- (2) 0.9237), + 0.9237,,.+0.9237,, -W =0 --—-- (3) From equations (1) and (2) we get —0.3857 4, +0.3857,0= 0 Taq = Tan ~~ A) Step 8 of 11 Case 1: Tf the cable AB has the maximum tensionie., 7y,;=T,, Tyg = 120 ib From equation (1) —0.272 (120) +0.3857,, = 0 _o 272(120) ac 0.385 Tag = 84.78 Ib Step 9 of 11 From (4) Typ = 84.78 ib From equation (3) 0.923(120)+0.923 (84.78) +0.923(84.78)- =0 W = 0.923(120+84.78+84.78) W = 267.26 ib ----- 6) Step 10 of 11 Case 2: Tfthe cable AC has the maximum tensionie., Tyo = Tix Tag = 120 Ib From (4) Tan = 120 Ib Stop 11 of 11 From equation (1) -0.272T,, +0.385(120) = 0 re 0.385(120) @ 0.272 Tyg = 169.85 ib But which is greater than 120 ib, so this case is not satisfied. .. The maximum weight of the chandelier is |W = 267.26 ib “| 3.066P~T 3.067P We don't have the solution to this problem yet. Get help from a Chegg subject expert. Ask an expertStep 1 of 4 Free body diagram of the pipe is as shown in figure sob * F, SES sorb Step 2 of 4 3 From the figure, tan @= 7 => o= 36.87° AR=0 => F,— F,cos 60°— 50cosa= 0 = F,— F, cos 60°- 50cos 36.87°=0 => F,-0.5F,-40=0 => F, = 40+ 0.57, ------—-------- (1) Step 3 of 4 +T IF =0 =F, sin 60°+ 50sin a=0 => Fy sin 60° = 50 sin 36.87° => F,sin 60° = 30 30 sin 60° => F, = 34.64 1b .. The force Fa is i= Step 4 of 4 From equation (1) Fy =40+0.5(34 64) Fy = 57.32 Ib .. The force Fpis “| 3.68RP» | Step 1 of 6 3.69RP Calculate the initial stretch in the spring. 3, <4 k Here, F, is the initial force, and & is the stiffness constant of the spring. Substitute 60 Ib for F, . and 40 Ib/ft for & 3,= 29 40 3 =15R Step 2 of 6 Draw the free body at A. T T Step 3 of 6 Calculate the angle @ . y/2 AD Substitute 2 ff for y and 2 ff for AD. 2/2 sina =—— sina = sino, = 0.5 a =sin'(0.5) a = 30° Apply the equations of equilibrium and calculate the forces in the cords. =F, =0 F -Tsina—Tsina =0 F=2Tsina Here, Tis the tension in AC and AD. Substitute 30° for a@ . F =27sin30° F=27(05) F=T Step 4 of 6 Draw the Free body diagram at C. Step 5 of 6 Calculate the stretch in the spring at 2 ft sofa (2)° -(2) “s] Substitute 1.5 fi for 6, . 5=[2-V3+15] 8=1,768 ft Calculate the spring force. F,=ké Substitute 40 [b/ft for & and |,768 ft for & . F, = 40x1.768 F, = 70.72 1b Step 6 of 6 Apply the equations of equilibrium and calculate the forces in horizontal direction. . LF =0 2T cosa—F, =0 F 2 2cosa Substitute 30° for @ , and 70.72 Ib for F, . __ 70.72 ~ 2c0s30° T = 40.83 Ib Substitute 40.83 Ib for 7 in equation (1). F=T = 40.83 Ib Therefore, the magnitude of the force F is[ 1 Step 1 of 9 3.70RP Given Stiffness of the each spring, k =40Ib/ft When y= 0, stretch, & = 1.58 Force, F =60Ib Step 2 of 9 FED at A is as shown in Step 3 of 9 Let T =Tension in AC and AD a@=Angle made by AC and AD with the horizontal From the figure a Step 4of9 +T RF, =0 => F-27Tsina=0 => 2Tsina=F > Tsinas* 2 yy 60 =T|>)=— (F)-3 =>T(y)=120 a we (2) y Step 5 of 9 cos@=Vi-sin’a 2 cops —Vl6—y ee Step 6 of 9 FBD at C is as shown in Step 7 of9 Spring force Fy =45 Where d= 2- (oP -(2) +4 2 ba 2-2 415 4 16-7 2 5=3.5-0.5/16—4 Now F =40(35-0.5 16-y"| d=35- F, =140-20,/16-y? Step 8 of 9 tif, =0 => 27 cos a-F, =0 = 27 cos a= F, => 27 cos a= 140-20, 16-7 => Tcos@=70-10Y16-¥? eee AD Step 9 of 9 From (2), (3) and (4) (}. 1{ yi6=»7}= 70-10 16-9 30,f16— = (70-10 16-7) =>3/i6—» =>(7-J16-»7)} 6017) yié—7 By trail and error method, we get y= 2.46 ft ly = 2.46 ft =3» | Step 1 of 4 3.71RP Consider the case that Romeo along with Juliet climb down with constant velocity. Calculate weight of both Romeo and Juliet by using the following expression: W = (tpees * aia )E Here, Mecwco is mass of Romeo, Maer is mass of Juliet and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Substitute 60 kg for m,,,, and 65 kg for my, : W =(60+65)x9.81 =1226.25N = 1.22625kN Step 2 of 4 Draw a free body diagram at Joint A. Fup 60° OO Fac W Step 3 of 4 Apply equilibrium equations along y direction. DF, =90 Fy Sin 60° - 1.22625 = 0 Fy = 1.4159 KN The force in the rope ABis 1.4159 KN , which is less than 2 kN , hence the segment AB is safe Step 4 of 4 Apply equilibrium equations along x direction. LA=0 Fig — F,, 00860° = 0 Fc 1.4159xcos60° = 0 F,¢ = 9.70795 kN The force in the rope AC is 0.70795 KN . which is less than 2 kN. hence the segment AC is safe. Therefore Romeo and Juliet can climb down the rope easily without any fail.» | Step 1 of 4 3.72RP Step 2 of 4 For equilibrium, we have > Fo: F,[(cos60°x cos30°)i +(—cos 60° sin 30°)j +(sin 60°)k ] [(4m)i+(4m)j+(-2m)k] F,[0.433i- 0.25] +0.866k]+ F,[-0.7071i +0.5j+ 0.5k] +F, [ (0.667 mi +(0.667m)j +(-0.333m)k ]+(-9i—8]-Sk} kN =0 +F,[(cos 135°) i+ (cos 60°)j+(cos 60k +5 +F=0 Step 3 of 4 (0.4337, — 0.707 1F, +0.667 F, —9kM)i+ (-0.25F, + 0.57, +0.667 4, - BEN) j +(0.866F, +0.5F, - 0.333 F, - SkN)k =0 By equating the coefficients of i,j &k equal to zero, we have For i: 0.433 F,- 0.7071, + 0.667F,=9kN = --- (1) For j: — 0.257, 4+0.57,+0.667 A =8kN ---(2) For k: 0.866 7, +0.5F,-03337,=5kN ---(3) Step 4 of 4 By solving (1), (2) and (3), we have F,=8.25kN Fy =3.84kN Fy =12.207kM Magnitude of Fyis |, =12.207kKN[ 1 Step 1 of 6 3.73RP Given pull , P=80 Ib Let Fac = tension in the rope AC Fag = tension in the rope AB Step 2 of 6 FED at A is as shown in figure P=80lb 30° Pan Step 3 of 6 Apply equations of equilibrium tar =0 Fy,+Pcos O— Fy, cos 30°=0 Fy = Fyptos 30°- Pecos --------------------- (1) +T 5s, =0 Psin 8— Fy, sin 30° = 0 _ Psin® "sin 30° Fug = 2P sin 8 ------------ (2) AC Step 4 of 6 To obtain Rye , sin8=1 and Hence @= 90° .. The value of 6 for obtaining (Fug awe is Now Fyo_ = 2(80)(1) = 1601b ( Fac mee = 160 Ib 0° Step 5 of 6 From equations (1) and (2) Fy, =(2Psin 8)cos 30°- Pros 6 Fy, =(2Psin xB Poors Fy, = V3P sin @- Poos@ To obtain (Fys)y 5 (Faz nec = 9 a : 3g V3? sin 8 - Poos8} = 0 => V3P cos 6+ Psind=0 = Psin 9=-V3PcosO => sin€ =—-V3 cos6 = tan 6=-43 =>6= tan (-¥/3}) = 6=120° .. The value of @ for obtaining (743)... Ts [= 120° Step 6 of 6 Now (Fas ag, = EP sin 120°- Peos 120° = ¥3 (80) (sin 120°) -80 (cos 120°) = 120-(40) = 16016 160 lbs | Step 1 of 6 3.74RP Draw the free body diagram of the system. Fyc =1601b Fap 8 40° w = 2001b Step 2 of 6 Apply the Apply the equation of equilibrium along the horizontal direction as follows: rA=0 -F,. cos @ + F,, cos 40° =0 Here, F'.. is the force acting along the cord AC. Substitute 160 Ib for F,. —-160cos 4+ Fy, cos 40° =0 160cos@ Fag eee (1) #8 cos 40° Step 3 of 6 Apply the equation of equilibrium along the vertical direction as follows: XF=0 F,,8in 40° + F,. sin @ = 200 =0 Here, Fy, is the force acting along the cord AB. Substitute 160 Ib for Fy. - Fy, Sin 40° + 160sin @ = 200 ...... (2) Step 4 of 6 Calculate the angle by substitute equation (1) in equation (2). 160 cos 40° 134.2559 cos @+160sin @ = 200 134.2559 cos @- 200 = -160V1-cos” 6 Squaring on both sides sin 40° cos 4+ 160sin @ = 200 18024.6466cos? 4 + 40000 - 53702.36.cos @ = 25600(I - cos? 8) 43624.6466 cos” @-53702.36cos 6+ 14400 =0 cos @ = 0,8363, 0.3946 @ = 33.2488°, 66.75° r Step 5 of 6 Draw the figure show the AABC - CH (78 Step 6 of 6 Calculate the length /’ from AABD as follows: sin 40° = fr 2 i’ =2sin 40° Calculate the length / from AACD as follows: Substitute 33,248g° for @ and 2sin40° for /’ . __2sin40° © sin33.2488° = 2.3447 ft Therefore, the length of the cord is .“| Step 1 of 3 3.75RP Given: Tension in the chain AB, T,, = 450 lb Tension in the chain AC, Ty, =480 Ib Let W = Maximum weight of the engine Step 2 of 3 Free body diagram as the point A is as shown in figure ¥ Step 3 of 3 Apply equation of equilibrium +TIA,=0 => Ty sin 30°—- W =0 => W =Tyy sin 30° = 480x0.5 = 240 lb Weight |W = 240 lbV step 1 of 6 3.76RP Load. W= 500 Ib Let force in the cable CA be Tea, Force in the cable CB be Top, and Force in the cable CD be Top. Draw the free body diagram at the point C as shown in figure. To D Zz Step 2 of 6 The coordinates of the points A. B, C and Dare A=(2,0,0) B=(-2,0,0) C=(0,6,0) D=(0,12,8) Express vector C4 CA =OA-OC = (2/+0}+0k)-(0)+67+0%) =%-6) Calculate the unit vector along CA. [eal 2i-6j (2) +(-6)" . 2-6} V40 = 0.3167 0.948} Step 3 of 6 Express vector CR CB=0B-OC = (-23 +07 +0k)-(0/ +6] +0K) =-2i-6j Calculate the unit vector along CB. > _ cB a ce [ea] ___-27-67 - 2 ? Vy) -2(i+37) V40 =-0,3167 - 0.9487 Step 4 of 6 Express vector Cp - CD=0D-0C = (08 +12} +8k)-(07 +6]+0%) =6)+8k Calculate the unit vector along CD is = 0.6) +0.8k Let the unit vector along the load W acting be i Ask Calculate the force vector J. Ton = Teaheca =T,,(0.316i -0.948)) = 0.3167.) - 0.9487.) Calculate the force vector 7, . Tes = Teahca =T.,(-0.3167 -0.948)) = 0.3167, - 0.9487.) Calculate the force vector 7 . Too oO Teoheo p(0.6j+0.8%) 20.67 op} + 0.87 yk Calculate the weight vector. Step 5 of 6 Since the force system is in equilibrium resultant vector R — § Teg + T cq + Tey +W 20 (0.3167,,,7 -0.9487.,,]) +(-0.3167,,/ -0.9487,,/) + (0.6753 + 0.87-pk)+(-S00k) = 6 Compare ijk coefficients, to get; 0.3167, —0.3167,, =0 Teg = lee . (1) 0,948 T,, - 0.9487, +0.67., =0 0.948(T, +74) = 0.67, Toy + Teg =0.633T py (2) 0.87, -500=0 0.87 ¢ = 500 500 T.,. =— 08 Top = 625 Ib .....- (3) Thus, the force in the cable CD is Step 6 of 6 From equations (1) and (2) Ten + Tey = 0.6337 27-5 = 0.6337 T. = 0.633x 625 5 = 2 =197.6lb Thus, the foree in the cable CB is [197.816] From equation (1), Tea = Ten = 197.8 Ib Thus, the force in the cable CA is [197.81b]Step 1 of 5 “| 3.77RP 2001b Step 2 of 5 Apply equations cf equilibrium TF =0 =>-Fsin4s°=0 =>R=0 .. The force acting in the member QA is Step 3 of 5 LF, =0 = B+ F,c0s 45°— # cos 40°=0 = F+0-F cos 40°=0 = B= Ecos 40° Step 40f 5 IE =0 = F,sin 40°- 200 = 0 _ 200 2 sin 40° =31L14N Step 5 of 5 From equation (1), #3= 311.14 cos 40° F, = 238.347[ 1 Step 1 of 3 4.001P Consider the three vectors for A, B, and D as follows: A=A,i+ d,j+ 4k B=8,i+ 8,j+ 8, D=D,i+D,j+D,k Obtain the sum of vectors B and D as follows: (B+D)=(8,i+8,j+8.k)+(D,i+D,j+D.k) =(8,+D,)i+(B, +D,)i+(B,+D.)k Obtain the cross product, Ax(B+D) . i j k Ax(B+D)=| 4, A, 4, B,+D, B,+D, B,+D, i[4,(8,+D,)-4,(8,+D,)] = -i[ 4, (8, +0.)-4,(8,+D,)] bese (1) +k[4,(B,+D,)-4,(B,+D,)| i[ 4,8, +4,D,-4,B,-4,D, | =; -j[4,8,+4,D,-4,2,-4,D, | +k[4,8,+4,D,-4,B,- 4,D, | Step 2 of 3 Obtain the cross product of (A xB) ij k (AxB)=|4, 4, 4, B, By Be (2) _{il4.(8.)-4.(8,)]-i[4.(8.)-4.(2,)] +k[4,(8,)-4,(8.)] Obtain the cross product of(AxD). ijk (axp)=|4, 4, 4, D, Dy, Dy (3) [Wersent te yaer +k[4,(D,)-4,(D,)] Step 3 of 3 Add equations (2) and (3) and obtain the relation as follows: [teen (8.)-4, eal +k[4,(8,)-4,(8,)] (AxB)+(AxD)= + [{sler-atedd-La)-ated) r +k[4,(,)-4,(D,)] }] i 4,8, +4,D,-4,8,-4,D, | =}-j[4,8, +4,D. - A,B, - 4,D,] +k[ 4,8, +4,D, - 4,B,- 4,D, | From equations (3) and (4) itis clear that the law of distrioution was proved for the vectors of cross product thatis Ax(B+D)=(AxB)+(AxD) . Therefore, the law of distribution was proved for the vectors of cross product that is Ax(B+D)=(AxB)+(AxD) :Step 1 of 3 The free body diagram Step 2 of 3 The position vector of the point A is Fs 5t+ 25 The Cartesian force vector is * 4.3. B= 100( 3 zi] F = 801-60 Step 3 of 3 Moment ‘about oO is Mo =ryxP . j xd = 2 i) 0 -60 0 =i(0+0)— (0-0) +4(-300-160) My =-460k The Magnitude M, =—460N-m Negative sign denotes clockwise direction =460.N- m( clockwise direction) “| 4.01FPStep 1 of 5 “| 4.002P We consider the three vectors to be A=AitAjt+4ak B=3,i+3,j+3,k C=CAtC,j+C,k Step 2 of 5 Accordingly, we have the cross product as ij ik (BxQj=|8, 2, #, o, cs, °, (BxC)=i[8,C,-8,C,)-j(8,0,-2,C,)+k(8,C,-2,C,) Step 3 of 5 The dot product of the vectors is expressed as A.(BxC)=(4,i+4,5 +Ask)-[i(2,C,-8,C,)-i(8,C.—- 2,0.) +k (B,C, -2,C4)] A. (Bx€)= 4,(B,C, —B,C,)—4,(B,C,- 3,C,)+-4, (B,C, -B,C,) A. (BxC)= 4,3 ,C,- A,B,C, — A,B,C, + A,B,C, +.4,8,C,- A,B,C ----(1) Step 4 of 5 ‘We have the cross product as ij k (AxB)=|4, A, 4, B, 8, 8, (AxB)= i(4,2,- 4,8,)-i (4,3,-4,8,)+k(4,2, - A,B,) Step 5 of 5 The dot product of the vectors 1s expressed as (AxB)-C=[i(4,,- 4,2, )-i(4,2,-4,2,)+k(4,2,-A4,2,)] (C4 +C,1+Cyk) (AxB).C=C, (4,2, -4,8,)-C,(4,8,-4,8,)+C,(4,8,-4,2,) (AxB)-C= 4,2,C, — 4,8,C,- A,B,C, +4,B,C, +.4,8,C,— A,B,C ----(2) From (1) and (2), we have A-(BxC)=(AxB)-C So, the triple scalar product identity is proved.s | Step 1 of 3 4.02FP Draw the line diagram of the bracket. Step 2 of 3 The diagram shows the resolved forces. 300 sin 30° 300 cos 30° 0.3 sin 45° O 0.4m 0.3 cos 45° Step 3 of 3 Calculate the moment about point O. My =-(300cos30°x0.3sin 45°) + (300sin30°x(0.4 + 0,3c0s45°)) =~-55.11+(150x0.612) =-55.11491.8 = 36.69 N-m =36.7N-m Therefore, moment of the force about point O is [36.7 N- ml .[ 7 Step 1 0f3 4.003P Gren Three vectors is non-zero and must lie in the same plane To show A (Bx) =o The three vectors must lle in same plane. + Therefore, A(RxC)=(4, i+ 4,3) [(2,i+8, i)x(c,i+c, i) | ay Step 2 of 3 Th cress product 1xi=O, jxi=O ixj=k and jxi=—-k Tn dot product i-i=j-j=k k=1& the remaining terms are zero Step 3 of 3 Now from equation (1) we get (4,i+-4,5)-[(B.i+4, i)x(C,i+c, 3) ] (4,i+4, j)-[B,0,k+3,C, (-k)] has) (2,0, k-2,C,k) ay A (BxC)= A. (BxC) A. (BxC) A.(BxC)=0 The Answer is |A-(BxC) =0s | Step 1 of 2 4.03FP Draw the free body diagram of the system. | Aft | 0 45s 3ft 600 Ib Step 2 of 2 Calculate the perpendicular distance from point O to A. d =(4+43c0s45°)-1 d@ =5.1213 ft Calculate the Moment about O. Mo =F xd Here, F is the force acting, and ¢ is the perpendicular distance. Substitute 600 Ib for F and 5.1213 fi for d. My = 600x5.1213 10° kip = 3072.792 Ib-ftx 1b Mo = 3.0727 kip-ft Therefore, the moment at point Q is |3.0727 kip-ft| .Step 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Given that, A = 375 1b , = 500 Ib F, =160 lb Step 3 of 5 Moment of the force A about A, (44), =—(A)(8 ft) (44), =-(75 1b) (8 ft) (f,) 4 =-3000 lb-R .. Moment of the force Aabout Ais |( 44), = 3000 lb-ft (CW) Step 4 of 5 Moment of the force about A, (i>), = -(a F)on4 ft) (i),= -{(s00 w)x$\04 fr) (Mg) 4 = ~5600 Ib-ft .. Moment of the force about A is |( Af) ,= 5600 lb-ft (CW) Step 5 of 5 Moment of the force Azabout A, (M3) (3 cos 30°) (19 ft) +(F sin 30°) (0.5 ft) (M5) , = —[(160 Ib) cos 30°](19 ft) +[(160 1b)sin 30°](0.5 ft) (B45) , =~ (2632.72 tb-ft) +(40 Ib-ft) (243) , = -2592.72 lb-ft . Moment of the force Fyabout A is (6) ,= 259272 1b (CW) “| 4.004P» | Step 1 of 2 4.04FP Figure representing free body diagram of the member. [210m || 100m jerol a 50 cos 60° 0.2 x sin 45° 50 sin 60° Step 2 of 2 Calculate moment about the point O. Mo =(50c0s60°x0.2sin 45°) - 50 sin 60°(0.1 + 0.2.cos 45° + 0.1) =~-11.2484N-m Therefore the moment of the force about point O(M, jis 11.2 N-m| clockwise.Step 1 of 5 “| 4.005P Step 2 of 5 Given that, A = 375 1b , = 500 Ib F, =160 lb Step 3 of 5 Moment of the force A about B, (44), = (A) (11 ft) (44s )p= (37518) (118) (fy), = 4125 lb-ft .. Moment of the force about B is |(4f,), = 4.125 kip-f (CCW) Step 4 of 5 Moment of the force F, about B, (M2), = (a> ;) (5 ft) (He) 9= ((s00 w)x](5 ft) (Ata) 5 = 2000 lb-ft : Moment of the force & about Bis (42), =2 kip-f (CCW) Step 5 of 5 Moment of the force Fzabout B, (M3) , = (#sin 30°) (0.5 ft) (Mz) (4), = [(160 Ib) sin 30°](0 5 ft) (at. Je = 40 lb-ft Moment of the force &, about B is (44), =401b-f (CCW)r 1 Step 1 of 2 4.05FP The free body diagram + 600 cos 30° Step 2 of 2 The Moment about the point O is M, = 600 cos 50°x0.5+600 sin 50°x 5 = 2490.9696 lb-ft Mo = 2.4909 kip - ft The moment is the force |d/, 49 kip. ft][ 1 Step 1 of 2 4.006P Draw the free body diagram of the crane beam 1177.2 N Step 2 of 2 Taking moments about _4 is equal to zeto M4, =0 M,=1177.2x[(9-15}+-x |cos® =1177.2x[7.5+x]oos@ M,=1.18cos0(7.5- x) KN -m| For maximum value of Mf, x should be 5m and @ should be zero Thus, Substitute 5 m for x, M, =1177.2x(7.5+5) cos 0° M,=14715 N-m M,=14.715 kN-m Therefore the maximum moment at 4 is(14-715 KN- 20]Step 1 of 2 “| 4.06FP S008 AAS A “AS Q 300 sin 45° ino 45° 500 cos 45° 3 sin 45" a je—__——+|«______+ 3 3 cos 43° Step 2 of 2 The Moment about the point O is Mo = -500cos 45° x3sin 45°+ 500 sin 45°(3+3c0845°) M, = 1060.66 N.m My = 1.0606 kN. m The moment of the force about O|Af,[ 1 Step 1 of 3 4.007P Draw the free body diagram for the force system. FX 30° F, 60° 2m —>f<—3m 4m Step 2 of 3 Calculate the value of angle g . tno -( 3) @ = tan (1.3333) = 53.129° Apply the moment equilibrium equations for whole forces and consider clock wise moments as negative. The moment of force F, about point 4 is expressed as follows: M,, = -—250Nxcos30°x 2m = -433.0127N-m The moment of force F, about point 4 is expressed as follows: M,, = —300Nxsin60°x5m = -1299.038N-m The moment of force F, about point 4 is expressed as follows: M 3 = 500N xcos 53.129°x 4 m — 500N x sin 53.129°x 5m =1200N-m- 2000 N-m =-800 N-m Step 3 of 3 Calculate the resultant moment of forces about point 4 is expressed as follows: M,=M,,+M,,+M,,; Substitute —433.0127N-m for M,,, -1299.038N-m for M,, and -800 N-m for Mf, . M_, = —433.0127N-m —1299.038 N-m—800 N-m =-2532N-m = -2.532 kN-m —sign indicates moment in clockwise direction. Therefore, the resultant moment of forces about point 4 is [=2.532 kN-m |.s | Step 1 of 2 4.07FP Sketch the free body diagram of the member as follows: 500 N 300 N 2.5xsin45° 2.5x cos45° Step 2 of 2 Calculate the moment about point O as follows: Consider the forces acting about point O (while calculating moment about point O) in clock wise direction as negative and forces acting about point O in counter clock wise direction as positive. My =~-(300x2.5sin 45°) - (6001) +(500x (1+2+2.Scos 45°)) -530.3— 600 + 2383.88 =1253.5834 N-m =1.2535 kN-m Therefore, the resultant moment produced about point O (Mo) is |1.2535 kKN-m] .[ 7 Step 1 of 2 4.008P Draw the free bady diapram of the frame 250N Step 2 of 2 Calculate the moment about B due to 500 N acting at point B (Moga )y = 5000 =0N-m Calculate the moment about B due to 300 N acting at point C (Mzy.), = 300c0860°(4) =600N-m Calculate the moment about 2 duc to 250 N acting at point D (Afgy), = 250sin 30° ( 4) — 250cos 30°(3) =500-649.52 =-149.52 N-m Therefore moment of each of the three forces about point B are |( Myo), = ON-m (M500 }y = 600 N-m|and |( Ady )y = —149.52 N-m[ 1 Step 1 of 3 4.08FP F =500N 0.25m F, =600N Step 2 of 3 The position vector of point A is F, =O0.4251+0.25j The Cartesian force vectors are Raa[Si+7)] - s00($:+2,) R =400:+300/ F, = B, (cos 60 -sin 60) = 600 (cos 60#—sin 60) B, = 300i - 519.6152 Step 3 of 3 The Moment about t point O1s My = Fx A +i xB, 4 j doh j x Mt, =(0.425 0.25 01410425 0.25 0 400 300 Oj j300 -519.6152 0 = & (300 x0.425 - 0.25x 400) +£(0.425x—5 19.6 152-0.25 x300) = 27.5k — 295.8364k My = -268.3364k The Magnitude of the force about © M, = -268.3364 N-m Mo = 268.3364 N-m (clockwise) Ady = 268N-m (clockwise)[ 7 Step 1 0f3 4.009P Draw a free body diagram of the rod. Step 2 of 3 Calculate the moment force at point B about point 4 . M, = F,.00825°x2.5 ft Here, F, is the force acting at B. Substitute 40 Ib for F, . M, =40lbxcos25°x 2.5 ft = 90.63 Ib-ft Therefore, the moment of force F, about point A is Step 3 of 3 Calculate the moment force at point C about point 4 : Me = F,.c0s30°x 2.5 ft Here, F, is the force acting at C. Substitute 50 Ib for F : M,. = 50\bxcos30°x (2.54 0.75) ft = 140.73 Ib- ft Therefore, the moment of force F,. about point 4 is |140.73 Ib- ft} .Step 1 of 2 éit F, = 2001 — = 2008 “| 4.09FP 0 6 6 sin 30" F, - 20016 300 sin 30° 6 cos 30° 300 cos 30° Step 2 of 2 The Moment about point © is Mog = 200(6 cos 30°)- 300 sin 30°(6 cos 30°) + 300 cos 30°(6+ 6sin 30°) Mo = 2598.0762 lb-ft Mo = 2.598 kip- ft The Magnitude of the force about O Mf, = 2.60 kip-fs | Step 1 of 12 4.010P Draw the free body diagram for the truss. B Cc Step 2 of 12 Consider the horizontal force equilibrium condition. LF =0 A_-R,,sin30°=0 ...... (1) A, =05R, Consider the vertical force equilibrium condition. EF =0 A, + R, cos 30° - F - F, - 2 =0 wt Substitute 400 Ib for A . 400 lb for P, and O for A, A, +0.866R, —400- 400-0=0 A, +0,866R, = 800 ...... (2) Consider the moment equilibrium condition about point 4 . =M,=0 —(P,x10)—(P, x20) +(0.866R, x30) =0 Substitute 400 Ib for P, and 0 for P, . —(400x10)-0+(0.866R, x30) =0 25.98R, = 4000 R,, =153.96 Ib Substitute 153.96 lb for A, in equation (1). A, =0.5x153.96 A, = 76.98 Ib Substitute 153.96 lb for A, in equation (2). A+ 0.866(153.96) = 800 A, =800-133.33 A, = 666.67 Ib Step 3 of 12 Now consider the free body diagrams at individual joints At Joint A 400lbF'yp A 0 Fup 10 76.98 Ib se <—F 666.67 Ib Step 4 of 12 From triangle ABF: tan? =— 10 @=tan"(1) o=45° Consider the horizontal force equilibrium equation condition. ZF =0 16.98 + Fy, + Fy cos8 =0 16.98+ F,, + F,, cos 45° = 0 F,, +0.207F,, =-76.98 Consider the vertical force equilibrium equation condition. ZF, =0 666.67 — 400+ F,, sin? =0 266.67 + F,, sin 45° = 0 F,, = 377.13 Ib Therefore, the force in member ABis |377.13 lb (C) . Step 5 of 12 Calculate the force in member AF. Substitute -377.13 Ib for F,, in equation (3). F,, +0.707(-377.13) =-76.98 Fp = 189.65 Therefore, the force in member AF is |] 89.65 Ib (T) Step 6 of 12 At Joint B: B 45° Far ay Step 7 of 12 Consider the horizontal force equilibrium equation condition. LF =0 o Fi¢ — Fy cos 45° =0 Substitute -377.13 Ib for F,, - F,. —(-377.13c08 45°) =0 Foe © -266.87 Ib Therefore, the force in member BC is |266.67 Ib(c) . Consider the vertical force equilibrium equation condition. IF =0 -F,, - F,,sin 45° =0 Substitute -377.13 Ib for F,, - -F,, ~(-377.13)sin 45° =0 Fay = 266.67 Ib Therefore, the force in member BF is]266.67 Ib (T) Step 8 of 12 At Joint F: 400 Ib Step 9 of 12 Consider the horizontal force equilibrium equation condition. LF =0 -F,, + F,, + F,, cos 45°=0 Substitute 189.65 lb for F,,. - 189.65 + Fup + Fp C08 45° = 0 Fg = 189.65 — F,,. cos 45° Consider the vertical force equilibrium equation condition. LF=0 Fi — 400 + F,,.sin 45° =0 Substitute 266.67 Ib for F,,. - 266.67 400+ F,, sin 45° = 0 F_ 8in 45° = 133.33 Fg = 188.56 Ib Therefore, the force in member FC is |188.56 Ib(T)| . Calculate the force in member EF. Substitute 188.56 lo for F,, in equation (4). Fe = 189.65 -188.56c05 45° Foye = 56.32 Ib Therefore, the force in member EF is |56.32 lb(T) .Step 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Given that, Force at B, F =500N Position vector of OA, rg = 3j Position vector of OB, r, =4i Step 3 of 5 Position vector of AB, ry, =rg—-Ty ry =4i-3j Magnitude of AB, ray = (4)? +(-3) 74, = 5 Step 4 of 5 The Cartesian form of force vector at B, F= (2) Tap F=500 (*33) 5 F =(400i- 300]} N Step 5 of 5 The moment of force about point O M, =r; *F Mo = (41) x (400i - 300j) Mo =(-1200k} Nm Therefore, the moment of the force about O is [ML = -1200k} Nem “| 4.10FP[ 7 Step 1 of 2 4.011P Draw the free body diagram of the railway gate as follows: 0.25 m ae 2.75 m 250(9.81) N 100(9.81) N Step 2 of 2 Calculate the resultant moment about point A. Consider the moment about point A. Mg, = (100%9.81)(2.75)-(250x9.81)(0.25) = 2697.75 613.125 = 2084.625 N-m M, = 2.085 kN-m (Anti clock wise) Therefore, the resultant moment My about point A is |2.085 kN-m] (anti clock wise)Step 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Given that, Magnitude of the force alongBC, F=120 lb The position vector of point B, rz ={1i+4j+2k) ft The position vector of point C, re ={Si} ft Step 3 of 5 The position vector of BC, 13, =rg —rg Mug = (Si) - (li +-4j+ 2k) Taq = (41-45 - 2k} ft Magnitude of BC, yg = (4? Tyo = 6 Step 4 of 5 Cartesian form of the force vector along BC rls Tae F=(120 »( ) 6h F =(80i-80j-40k} lb Step 50f5 Moment of the force about point O, M=r,xF Ms (1i+4j+2k)x(80i - 80] -40k) ij k Me=|1 4 2 | lb-ft 80-80 40] M =(-160+4160)i-(-40 -160)j + (-80-320)k M = {200j —400k) lb-ft Therefore, the moment of the force about point O is |M= ( 200j - 400k} lb-ft “| 4.11FP[ 1 Step 1 of 2 4.012P Draw the free body diagram of the railway gate Step 2 of 2 Find the resultant moment produced by the weights about point B Apply the equilibrium condition Taking moment about point B and equate to zero M,, =(G,xg)(2.5)-(G, x g)(0.5) Here, Mass of the gate at the center, G, Mass of the counter weight at the center, G_ Substitute 100kg for G,, 250kg for G, and 9.81m/s? for g M,, =(100x9.81)(2.5)-(250%9.81)(0.5) = 2452.5 - 1226.25 =1226.25 N-m =1.226 kN-m (ACW) Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant moment about point Bis and the direction is anti-clock wise direction.Step 1 of 4 Step 2 of 4 Given that, F, = (100i -120j+75k} 1b F, ={-200i+ 250j+100k} lb Position vector of OA, rq =(4i+5j+ 3k} ft Step 3 of 4 The resultant moment of these two forces about point O Mg =(1,*R)+(t4 xR) M,=r4*x(K +E) My =1,*(K +E) -—~() Step 4 of 4 FE, +F, = (100i -120j +75k} +{-200i + 250j +100k} F, +E, =(-100i+130j+175k} Ib From equation (1) M, = (4i+ 5j +3k)x(-100i + 130j+175k) ij ok Mo=| 4 3 3 lb-ft L100 130 175 Mo = (875 - 390)i - (700 + 300)j + (520+500)k My = (485i- 1000j +1020k} 1b-& The moment of the resultant force about point O is |M, “| 4.12FP ={ 485i - 1000j +1020k} Ib-fStep 1 of 6 Given Force at A, F, = 30]b Force at B, F, = 50lb Step 2 of 6 Free body diagram: ¥ Step 3 of 6 The Cartesian force vectors are F,=—24i-18j and Fy = Fg-(—cos 60°i +sin 609) F, =—50cos 60% +50 sin 605 F, =—251+43.3012j Step 4 of 6 The position vector of AC, AC = 91 The position vector of BC, BC = 61 Step 5 of 6 The moment of force A at point C is M,=ACxF, Mg = 9ix(-24i-18)) My4=(-162k)I6 ft My, = (162k)lb-& (CW) Step 6 of 6 Similarly, the moment of force B at point C is M,=BCxF, Mg = 6ix(-251+43.3012)) M,=(259.8076k)lb-f& (CCW) The Moment M, > M,Therefore gate rotates in|counter clockwise direction] “| 4.013PStep 1 of 4 Step 2 of 4 Given that, Force vector at B, F ={300i— 200j+150k} Nv Moment of the force about x — axis, M, =%, -(r,*F) Step 3 of 4 Unit vector of x — axis, &, =i Position vector of OB, ry = {0.31+ 0.4j-0.2k}m From equation (1) M, =[i)-[(0.H +0.4j-0.2k) (300i - 200] +150k) | 1 0 90 M,=|03 04 -0.2 Boo -200 150 M, =1(60—40) M, =20 Nan 0) Therefore, the magnitude of the moment about x — axis is |Z, = 20 N-m Step 4 of 4 The Cartesian vector form of the moment about x — axis is [M, ={ 20i} N-m “| 4.13FP[ 7 Step 1 of 3 4.014P Draw the free body diagram of the gate. Step 2 of 3 Write the Cartesian force vectors of F, and Fy . 4, 3 F, =F,:| --i-=j Aa A ( 3.5 i} F, = F, -(-cos60°1+sin 60°j) Substitute 30 Ib for Fy F, = —30cos60°% + 30sin 60°j =-15i+25.9807j Write the value for position vector of AC. AC=9i Write the value for position vector of AB. BC =6i Step 3 of 3 Consider the equation of moment in order to prevent the gate from turning. M, =0 Mz =(ACXE,)+(BCxF,) Substitute 91 for AC . 6i for BC. F{-H-3)) for F, . and -15i + 25.9807] for F, . [>+«(-21-3rci)}[tx(-151+ 2598075] -0 ~ 21 Fk +155.8842k +0=0 _ 155.8842x5 2 = 28.8674 Ib = 28.9 Ib Fy Therefore, the force required by boy at A to prevent the gate from turning is |28.9 Ib] .Step 1 of 4 Draw the force acting on the pipe: 0.4 F = 300i-200j+150k N Step 2 of 4 Find the position vector of A with respect to O: ¥o4 = 0.31 + 0.45+ 0k =0.3§+0.4jm Find the magnitude of the position vector of A with respect to O: Tou = lroal = V0.3? +04? =0.5m Find the unit vector of OA: Fos Tos _ 0.31+ 0.45 OS = 0.61+0.8) Yoa = Step 3 of 4 Find the position vector of B with respect to A: Tyg = Oi +0j+(-0.2)k =-0.2k m Find the magnitude of the moment of force F about the OA axis: Moa =Voa ‘(tsa xF) 06 08 0 =|0 0 -0.2) 300 -200 150 = 0.6(0-(-0.2x -200))-0.8(0-(300x-0.2))+0 =-72N-m Therefore, the magnitude of the moment of force F about the OA axis is . Step 4 of 4 Find the moment of force F about the OA axis in Cartesian form: Mou = Moston = -72(0.61+0.8)) = —43.2i-57.6j N-m “| 4.14FP Therefore, the moment of force F about the OA axis in Cartesian form is |—43,2i-57.6j N-m[ 7 Step 1 of 2 4.015P Draw the free body diagram. N= 400 N Step 2 of 2 Calculate the algebraic sum of the moments of all the forces about point A. + DM, =-(F cos5°x 65) +(N, x100) Here, =, is the algebraic sum of the moments of all the forces about point A. Substitute 6SON for F and 400N for N, : >, =—(650cos5°x 65) + (400x100) = -2089.22N-mm =-2.09N-m Therefore, the resultant moment of the forces F, and N, about point A is M ,=2.09N-m in the clockwise direction, .Step 1 of 4 F-200N Step 2 of 4 The Cartesian force vector is P=F (cosaitcos £j+cosyk) = 200(c0s120i +cos 60 /+ cos 45k) F = -1008-+100 j+141.421k Step 3 of 4 The position vector is 7, = 0.37 4+0.25k a, =t Step 4 of 4 The Moment produced by the force about the x-axis (44,), =i, -(#,xF) (244), =i ({0.3;+0.254) x{-100: +100 j-+141.421k}) I 0 0 =|0 03 0.25 -100 100 141.421 (444), = 1(0.3x141.421- 0.25100) (4 4), =174264N-m The magnitude of moment about « axis is |(2f,), =174N-m “| 4.15FP[ 1 Step 1 of 5 4.016P Given Reaction force My =400 N The resultant moment about point A is zero that is M, =0 Let # be the magnitude of force F, Step 2 of 5 Free body diagram: Step 3 of 5 The Cartesian force vectors are F, = 2, (sin 5°i + cos 5°j) B= F sinSi+F cos Pj And N,=¥;i Ny =400j Step 4 of 5 The position vector of AB, AB=-65i The position vector of AC, AC = 100i- 200j Step 5 of We know that . The resultant moment about point A is zero that is MZ, ={ 0k} M, =(ABxE,)+(ACxN,) Mg = ~65ix(F sin 5%4+F, cos5°4)+ (100i ~ 200) (4003) Mg= (—65F cos5%)-+(100x 400) 0=(-658 cos 5°+40000)k 0=-65F cos5°+40000 40000 + 65008 5° F=617.735N i, =618 Ny}Step 1 of 2 “| 4.16FP 2m PU 2g 1 SEY a Step 2 of 2 The position vector is Fs 3-4 j 42k i= j The moment produced by the force about the y-axis (MQ), =, (xP) = j-((-3-4 f+ 2k) «(30 - 20)+504}) 0 1 0 (4),=-3 4 2 30 -20 50 (24), = -1(-350- 230) = -1(-150 -60) (M4), =+210NN-m The magnitude of moment abouty axis is (24,), =210N m[ 1 Step 1 of 6 4.017P Calculate the moment of the force about point 4 120 N Step 2 of 6 Find the moment about point 4 3, =(120sin 5°)(40) =418.34 N-mm M,=0418N-m Step 3 of 6 Calculate the moment of the force about point B Step 4 of 6 Calculate the distance OR OR =55xsin 20° OR =18.81 mm Calculate the distance PQ PQ =55xco0s20° PQ =51.68 mm Step 5 of 6 Calculate the distance QB OR tang = = Substitute the 18.81mm for OR and 10° for@, we get tan 10° = 18-81 OB =106.68 mm Total length PB, PB=PQ+QB PB=51.68+106.68 PB=158.36 mm Step 6 of 6 Now calculate the distance BS BS =158.36xsin15° BS = 40.986 mm Find the moment about point B M, =120xBS =120% 40.986 = 4918.29 N-mm M,=4918N-m Therefore the moment about point A and B are |M, =0.418N .mland |44, = 4.918 N-ml[ 7 Step 1 of 6 4.17FP Given # ={50i-40j + 20k} 2b Step 2 of 6 Step 3 of 6 The position vectors are ry =4i %=3) 7 =4i 42k And Fy =ry—% =3j-4 Fa =A4it+3) Pye = Fo —Fg = 4+ 2k-4 Fug = 2k Step 4 of 6 The unit vector of Fy, is py = 0.81406) Step 5 of 6 The Moment produced by the force about AB axis is May =p (Fae *F) = (-0.8 +0.6))-(( 2k} x{50i - 40 +208}) H08 06 0 My=|0 0 2 60-40 20 M 43 =-0.8(0+80)-0.6(0-100) =-644 60 My, =-41b-& Mag = 41b- (clockwise) Step 6 of 6 The Cartesian vector is Wy =M yy tig May, =-4-(-0.84+0.6)) =(3.2-24j}lb-f M gy =(3.21-2.4,) lb-ft The moment of force about AB is A es =(3.2 -2.4j} Ib. ft[ 1 Step 1 of 2 4.018P Draw the free body diapram of the towers crane Step 2 of 2 Calculate the resultant moment about point A by taking moment about point A =M,=0 M, =(2000x9.81)(12.5)+(1500x9.81)(9.5)-(500x9.81)(4)—(6000x9.81)(7.5) =-76027 N-m =-76.027 KN-m M, = 76.027 KN-m (Anti clock wise) Calculate the resultant moment about point B by taking moment about point B M, =0 M, =(2000%9.81)(12.5)+(1500%9.81)(9.5) -(500x9.81)(4) -(6000%9.81)(7.5) =-76027 N-m =~-76.027 KN-m M, = 76.027 KN-m (Anti clock wise) Therefore the resultant moment about point A and B are |M, = 76.027 kN-m| and 4, = 76.027 KN-mStep 1 of 7 Resolve the force in z and xy plane. 0) Substitute SOON for F . nls Resolve the force in xy plane into x and y directions 3 F=-3F, bese (1) 4 F, =5Fe bese (2) Substitute aF for Fy in equations (1). F --2($F] 35 p-22 25 Substitute SOON for F . F -12 F =—(500 = 2 (600) =-240N Step 2 of7 Substitute Ap for Fy in equations (1). 5 Ar] " SAS 16 25 Substitute SOON for F . itp * 25 16 ==2(500 75 (500) =320N Step 3 of 7 Draw the diagram of force arrangement. Step 4 of 7 Step 5 of 7 Calculate moment about x axis. M, =0-F,x3+F,x2 = -320x3+300«2 =-360N-m F, =300N Therefore, moment about x axis is |360N-m (clockwise)} . Step 6 of 7 Calculate moment about x axis. M, =-F,x3+04F, x2 =-240x3+300x2 =-120N-m Therefore, moment about x axis is |120N-m (clockwise) - Step 7 of 7 Calculate moment about x axis. M, = F,x2-F,x2+0 = 240x 2-320x2 =-160N-m Therefore, moment about x axis is |160 N-m (clockwise) - “| 4.18FP F.=240N F, =320N7s 7 Step 1 of 2 4.019P Draw the free body diagram of the tower crane. 4m 9.5m Step 2 of 2 Calculate the counter weight at C by taking the moment about point A. yM,=0 2Mg(12.5)+(W,, )(9-5)—(He, )(4)- (Hs, }(7-5) =0 Here, We is the weight at position G, . We, is the weight at position G, , and We is the weight at position G . Substitute 1.5 Mg for W, ; 0.5 Mg for We, » Micg for W,, - 981 m/s? for & . and 1000 for M . (2x1000x9.81x12,5)+(1.5x1000x9.81x9.5) —(0.5x1000x9.81%4)—(1m, x9.81x7.5) 10° Mg m, = 4966.67 kg x lkg m,=4.97Mg Therefore counter weight required at Cis |4.97Mg| .[ 7 Step 1 of 2 4.19FP -F, =400N F, =400N Step 2 of 2 The Resultant couple moment acting on the beam is Ma =a xR tax R-AK] = -0.2x 20042 400-5300 = —40+800-1500 =-740N-m Mp=740N-m (clockwise) The resultant couple moment acting on the beam is [/, = 740N-m (clockwise)[ 7 Step 1 of 2 4.020P Draw the free body diagram. Step 2 of 2 Write the Cartesian force vector as follows: F = F -(cos30°i + sin30°j) = 20cos30° + 20sin 30°j F =17.3205i + 10j Write the position vector of AC , AC =-Si+18j Now, the moment of force about point 4 . M,=ACxF Substitute 17,320Si +10j for F and -Si+18j for AC . M , =(-5i+18j)x(17.3205i+10j) M,, =(-50k)+{-311.769k} M, ={-50-311-7691}k M, =(-361-7691)k Therefore, the moment about 4 is |362 ib-in(CW) .r a Step 1 of 2 4.20FP F,=2001b pF, =150)b Afi Ait F, =15025 -F, = 20015 2 Aft —F, = 300i P= 300 Step 2 of 2 Loading solution. Please wait ...[ 1 Step 1 of 4 4.021P Given Moment at A, My =(500k}Ib-in (CW) Let F be the magnitude of force at A Step 2 of 4 Free body diagram: 18in Step 3 of 4 The Cartesian force vector is F =F (cos30°i +sin 30°5) F =F cos 30° +F sin 30°} The position vector of AC, AC =-5i+18j Step 4 of 4 Now, the moment of force about point Ais M, =ACxF (-500k) = (-5i+18j)x(F cos 30% + F sin 304) {-500k} ={(—SF sin 30°-18F cos 30°)k} 500 = F (—5sin 30°— 18 cos 30°) —500 =-18.0884F 500 18.0885 P= 2764 1b iF = 276|b“| 4.21FP Step 1 of 2 f, F =2kN 03m — —F, = 2k ¥ 0.9m * ———— | Step 2 of 2 Given the Resultant couple moment Af, =1 SkM mc ockwise)) The Resultant couple moment acting on beam is Mg she REX se -1.5=0.3K2-0.9%% -15=0.6-0 9%, 0.9% =1.54+0.6 _21 7°09 #, = 2.333kKN The resultant couple moment is |F, = 2.333kKNStep 1 of 2 “| 4.22FP Figure showing the forces acting on the beam. 10 kN lm 10 kN 4m Step 2 of 2 Find the couple acting on the beam by calculating the moment about point C. Cerrone cee wife} et =—20 kN-m Therefore, the resultant moment acting on the beam is |~20 kN-m] .Step 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Given @= 30° Force exerted by the towline on the crane boom is P=4000N. Length of the crane boomis £= 20m. Maximum moment about the point Ois created when OBis perpendicular to BA Let the length of the cable from Bto A be » Step 3 of 5 From the figure, we have x= yxsin 30°+ 20m xcos 30° x-O.5y=17.32m ---- (1) yxcos 30°—- 20m xsin 30°=1.5m 0.866 y=11.5m y=13.279m Step 4 0f5 By substituting the value of y into (1), we have x-0.5%13.279m = 17.32m x= 23.959m The placement xof the hook from Ais | x= 23.959m Step 50f5 Maximum moment about the point Ois expressed as My, = 4000Nx20m Ma = 80000N-m May =80kKN-m Maximum moment about the point Ois |Z, =80kKN-m (Clockwise) “| 4.023PStep 1 of 5 j (Mp) = 4300. (A ,), = 300i. A (a4,-), = 250ib.J Step 2 of 5 The position vectors are He=-+2j+3.5k Aa-k Ra1G-2) Step 3 of 5 The Cartesian moment vectors are F q (Me), = (Me), + A ai +2 j4+3.5k (-2) +22 43.57 (24, ) = -2008 + 200+350 ( = 450. e ), = (ae s ° 2 151-2) 1.5? +(-2)" (a, ), = 180-240; (%e), = 2504 4 = 300 Step 4 of 5 The Resultant couple moment is (ec), = (Me), + (He), +(e), = (-200 + 200 +350k)+ (-250k)+ (180 - 240 /) (de), = -201-40j+1008 Step 5 of 5 The magnitude of the Resultant couple (Me), = y{-20y" +(-40)" +1007 (Mg) p= 109.5445 lb-ft The resultant couple moment is (24, p= 208-40 -+1008 “| 4.23FP“| 4.24FP Step 1 of 4 Step 2 of 4 Step 3 of 4 The Cartesian force vectors are Bya Bh j4 Fgh 4 3 = -450x— j+450xik 5 5 F4=—360j+ 270k 4. 3 By = By xz J By xk 4 3 = 450x — j-450x =k 5 5 F, =360j—- 270k Step 4 of 4 The position vectors are F,= 03k Fy = 0.49 40.34 The resultant moment couple is (44), Fx By +i, xf, = 0.3 x(-360 j+ 270k) +(0.4i +0.3k)(360/— 270k) = +0,3360i +0.4 3604+ 0.4x 270 j— 0.3 360i (40), =1444+108;) The resultant moment couple is (44), = (108+ 1444} N-mStep 1 of 5 Draw the free body diapram of the crane 175 Ib Step 2 of 5 Find the distance x, cos 75° = 10% x, =10xcos 75° % =2.59 ft Find the distance x, cos 75° = 308 x, =30xcos75° % =7.765 ft Step 3 of 5 Now calculate the moment due to 1500 Ib about point A DM4=0 (Mag) 4 =1500xx Substitute 2.59 ft for x,, we get (Mg), =1500x2.59 (Mg), =388.5 lb-ft (Myy) , = 3.885 kip- ft (Clock wise) Step 4 of 5 Calculate the moment due to 200 Ib about point 4 DM, =0 (Mico), = 200(x, +2.5) Substitute 7.65 fiforx,, we get (Man), =200(7.765+ 2.5) (Man), =2.053 kip-ft (Clock wise) Step 5 of 5 Calculate the moment due to 175 tb about point 4 DM.=0 (Mus), =175(x, +2.54+1.75) Substitute 7.65 fit for x,, we get (Man ) =175(7.765+2.5+41.75) (™M, ), =2.10 kip- ft (Clock wise) Therefore the resultant moment produced by cach weight about point 4 are |g), = 3-885 kip- 8] (Mcp), = 2.053 kip- Aland [(M,,,), = 2.10 kip- A “| 4.025Ps | Step 1 of 7 4.25FP Draw the figure showing the loading system. Fc = 100 Ib 4 ft F,, = 200Ib Fz =1501b Step 2 of 7 Calculate the length of the side BC by using the equation, BC =¥BD"+CD? Substitute 3ft for BH and 4ft for CD. BC = VP +4 =5ft Step 3 of 7 Calculate the angle @ in triangle BDC by using the equation, cos@ = 5D BC Here, @ is the angle made by the force y with the horizontal axis. Substitute 3ft for Bp and §ft for BC . cosa =2 5 ro() =53.13° Step 4 of 7 Calculate the algebraic sum of the forces acting along the horizontal direction. —+ YF, =100cos@-200 Here, >F is the algebraic sum of the forces acting along the horizontal direction. Substitute $3,33° for @ . > F, =100cos(53.13°)—200 =-139.991b =-140Ib Step 5 of 7 Calculate the algebraic sum of the forces acting along the vertical direction. +f XF =100cos @- 200 Here, XF, is the algebraic sum of the forces acting along the vertical direction. Substitute $3.13° for @. > F, =100sin(53.13°)-150 =-70Ib Step 6 of 7 Calculate the resultant force acting at A by using the equation, z 2 Fr=V(ZF) (25) Here, Fy is the resultant force acting at point A. Substitute -1401b for 5° F, and -701b for }°F, - 2 2 F, = (-140)' +(-70) =156.5Ib =1571b Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant force is Calculate the angle at which the resultant acts at point A by using the equation, = Here, @ angle at which the resultant acts at point A. Substitute -70Ib for °F, and -140Ib for °F, . af 70 = tan '| —_ =n 5) xv = 26.6° Therefore the angle at which the at which the resultant acts at point A is ¢ = 26.6° inthe third quadrant, . Step 7 of7 Calculate the algebraic sum of the moments of all the forces about point A. >, = -(100cos 4x 4) + (100sin @x 6) - (1503) Here, =, is the algebraic sum of the moments of all the forces about point A. Substitute $3,}3° for g ¥ M, = -(100cos53.13°x 4) + (100sin53.13°x 6) -(150%3) =-2101b- ft Therefore, the magnitude of couple acting at point Ais |M, =2101b-ft in the clockwise direction.| .[ 1 Step 1 of 3 4.026P Draw the free body diagram of boom. 175 Ib Step 2 of 3 Calculate the distance x, . x, 75° = cos TOA x, = 10xcos 75° x, =2.59 ft Calculate the distance x, . x. cos 75° = —2- 30ft x, =30xcos 75° x, = 7.765 ft Step 3 of 3 Calculate the resultant moment due to all the forces about point A. Take moment about point A. 3M, =0 M , =1500x x, + 200(x, + 2.5)+175(x, + 2.541.75) Substitute 2,57 for x, and 7.765 ft forx, M,, =1500x 2.59 + 200( 7.765 + 2.5) +175(7.765+2.5+1.75) =3.885+42,053+2.10 = 8.038 kip-ft Therefore, the resultant moment of all the forces about point A is|8.038 kip - ft}.s | Step 1 of 6 4.26FP 46N 30N 30N Step 2 of 6 Let &,and A, are the force and moment for the equivalent force — couple system at A Let &,and &, are the x andy components of the equivalent resultant force at A The x — component of the equivalent force is Rane RB, =50™ 4 5 R,=40kN Step 3 of 6 The y — component of the equivalent force is RaLE R =-40-30-(50x2) 5 R,=-100 KN Step 4 of 6 The equivalent resultant force at A, Raay (2,7 +{R, y R= (40) +(—100)? Rg = 107.7 iT R= 1077 KN Step 5 of 6 Let @, be the angle made by the force &, with the positive x — axis and it is in 4m quadrant R 8, tan |] -1|-100 8, =tan ?|— anum a Step 6 of 6 Let 3f,be the equivalent moment at A M,= ~(30x3)-(soxzx6)-200 M, =-90-180-200 M, =-470 kN-m iM, =470 kNem(C.W)[ 7 Step 1 0f3 4.027P Draw the free body diagram of the wrench \ \ ° , Fd cos1597 \ 4 ¢ Step 2 of 3 Leverage diagram for the wrench: Step 3 of 3 Calculate the moment about point A M , =(Fcos15°x(0.3c0s30° + d))—( F sin 15°x0.3sin 30°) Substitute 200 N for F and 300 mm for d@, we get M , =(Fcos15°x(0.3c0s30° + d))—(F sin 15°x0.3sin 30°) = 200x cos 15°(0.3cos 30° +300) - (200 x sin 45°x 0.3 sin 30°) M, =100.38 N.m (Clock wise) Therefore the moment produced by the force at Ais | M 00.38 N.mStep 1 of 6 SO0N 300M 30° — 300N.m A 075m 0.75m ! 0.75m ol Box Step 2 of 6 “| 4.27FP Let &,and MW, are the force and moment for the equivalent force — couple system at A Let &,and &, are the x andy components of the equivalent resultant force at A The x — component of the equivalent force 1s R,=EF, &, = 900sin 30° &,=450N Step 3 of6 The y — component of the equivalent force is R=rF ’ ? R, =-900 cos 30°- 300 R, = -1079.42 N Step 4 of6 The equivalent resultant force at A, 2 2 RyaV(R) + (8) Rg = (450)? +(-1079.42)" Ry = 1169.46 N IR, = 1169.46 N Step 5 of 6 Let @, be the angle made by the force 2, with the positive x — axis and it is in 4h quadrant @,=tan™ | R, -1079.42 450 @,=tan” Step 6 of 6 Let 44, be the equivalent moment at A M4 = -(3002.25)— (900 cos 30°) (0.75) +300 M4 = -675 - 584.574 300 M, =-959.57 N-m IM, = 959.57 Nem (C.W)Step 1 of 3 Draw the free body diagram: \ \, Fd cos1597 N\ 7 \ ¢ \ XN 300 mm | J Step 2 of 3 Leverage diagram for the wrench: Step 3 of 3 Calculate the moment about point A. > M, =(Fcos15°x(0.3cos30°+d))—-(F sin 5°x0.3sin30°) Here, Fis the applied force, and =, is moments about point A. Substitute 200 N for F, and 120 N-m for }°M, . > M, =(Feos15°x(0.3c0s30° +d))—(F sin15°x0,3sin30°) 120 = (200cos15°x{0.3cos 30° + d))-(200sin15°x0.3sin 30°) d@=0.4015 m =401.5 mm Therefore, the required length of the lever is, [401.5 mml . “| 4.028P» | Step 1 of 6 4.28FP 50lb ———— x 150lb Step 2 of6 Let &,and Af, are the force and moment for the equivalent force — couple system at A Let &,and &, are the x andy components of the equivalent resultant force at A The x — component of the equivalent force is R=EF, R= (:50x2)- 100%) 50 5 3 R,=60lb Step 3 of6 The y — component of the equivalent force is R=rF . ? R,=- (1s0*2)- (tcox2) 5 5 R =-180 Ib ° Step 4 of 6 The equivalent resultant force at A, Ra= ¥ (2 y +H(R y Rg = f(60)" + (18097 Ry = 189.74 1b Step 5 of6 Let @, be the angle made by the force 2, with the positive x — axis and itis in 4" quadrant R 8, =tan™ |] 180 60 a, =tan) ie 56° Step 6 of 6 Let Mf, be the equivalent moment at A My= -(150x2}(2)-(100«2)6)+ (1002) (1) My = -360-360+80 M, = -640 lb-ft M, = 640 b-R(CW)[ 1 Step 1 of 2 4.029P Draw the free body diagram of the lever arm BC and crescent wrench. Step 2 of 2 Calculate the required force F. Take moment about point A. > (M,), = Fsin15°(0.3sin 30°)- F.cos15°(0.3cos 30° +0.3) Here, TOL ), is the resultant moment at A. Substitute -120N-m for )°(M,), - -120 = F sin 15°(0.3sin 30°) - F.cos 15°(0.3c0s 30° + 0.3) ~120 = 0.0388F -0.5407F 120 =0.5019F F =239N Therefore, the required force to develop the moment is}239 N].» | Step 1 of 3 4.29FP 2m F, = {-300i +150j + 200k} N F, = {-450 k} N Step 2 of 3 Calculate the resultant force. F,= oF =F, +F, Here, F, is the force at point B and F, is the force at point A. Substitute {-300i +150j+ 200k} N for F, and {-450k}N for F, F, = {300i + 150j+ 200k} +{-450k} = {300i +150j-250k} N Therefore, the resultant force is {-300i +150j- 250k} NI. Step 3 of 3 Calculate the distance between O to A. x, =(2-0]j = 2j Calculate the distance between O to B. Tos =(-1.5-0]i+[2-0]j+[1 -0)k =-1.5i+2j+1k Take the moment about O. (Ma )o = gg XF, + 8g, *F, (-1.-5i+2j+1k)x {-300i+ 150j+ 200k} + 2jx {-450k} i i k| ji j k -15 2 1]+]0 2 0 -300 150 200] |0 0 -450} i[2« 200 -1« 150] - j[(-1.5«200) -(1x-300)] +k[(-1.5150)-(2x-300) ] * eee oo +k[(0«0)-(0x2)] . [i[250) - j[(-300)-(1x-300)]+k[(-225)-(-600)] + (-900)é = [650i + 375k]N.m Therefore, the moment about O is [6501 +375k]N.m| .[ 7 Step 1 of 6 4.030P Step 2 of 6 Magnitude of the force acting along the diagonal of the parallelepiped, F = 100 N From the figure, A = (400, 600,0) mm B= (400, 0, 0) mm C= (0,600,200) mm Moment of F about point A, Along the BA M,=r,*F And along the AC M, =r, *F Step 3 of 6 Position vector of AB, r, ={-600j} mm Position vector of AC, ry ={—400i+ 200k} mm Position vector of diagonal BC, rg, = {400i +600} +200k} mmm Length of the diagonal BC, rg, = (400) +{600)' +(200)” mm Tore = 748.33 mm Step 4 of 6 Force vector along BC, F=f (=) Tore F=(100 »)( 748.33 mm F =(-53.452i+80.178j +26.726k} NV {400i + 600j + 200k} =| Step 5 of 6 Moment of F about point A, M,=r,*F M, = {(-600j) x(-53.452i+80.178j +26.726k)} Nenm M, = (-32071.2k— 16035.6i} N-mm M, = (-16.036i- 32.07 Ik} N-m Therefore, Moment of F about point A, |M, ={-16.036i- 32.071k} N-m Step 6 of 6 We also have, Moment of F about point A, M,=r¢xF M,= {(-400i +200k) x{-53.4521 +80. 178 + 26,.726k)} N-mm i j k M,=| 400 0 200 | N-mm +-53.452 80.178 26.726 M,= {(-16035. 6)i — (-10690.4+10690.4)j +(-32071.2) k} N-mm M, = (-16035.6i- 32071.2k) N-mm M, = (-16.036i - 32.071k} N-m Therefore, Moment of F about point A, |M, ={-16.036i- 32.071k} N-mStep 1 of 4 Draw the given system with forces. Zz F,=100N Step 2 of 4 Given that, F,=100N F, =200N Let R and | are the force and moment for the equivalent force — couple system at O Write the force F, in Cartesian form as follows: F,= {- JOON} j Write force F, in Cartesian form as follows: ~0.4i-0.3k (-0.4) +(-0.3)" F, = (200 N) {-0.81-0.6k} F, = {-160i-120k}N F, =(200 N Step 3 of 4 Calculate the equivalent force at O as follows: R= Step 3 of 5 The y — component of the equivalent resultant force, R=Es, 4 R= (50 cos 30°) - [ie0 Step 3 of 5 The y— component of the equivalent resultant force, R=ZF, R =-204(15x2) 5 Step 4 of 5 2 2 Magnitude of the resultant force, R= 4I(R,) +(R ) R=y(12" +(-1P R= 16.28 kN Step 5 of 5 Let @ be the distance where the equivalent resultant force is acting on the beam ‘We know that, the total moment produced by the forces about O is equal to the moment produced by resultant force ~1bed =-(20%2)-( 15x) 2+(1542](6 1d =404+24-54Step 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 The position vector of A withrespecttoO, 7,=6k The position vector of B with respect to O,7, = 2.5j The position vector of C with respect to O,7¢ = 2i- 3j Position vector of AB, Fy) = 73-7, = 2.5j-6k Position vector of AC Fug = Fy —Fy =(2i-34)-(6k) = 2i-3j-6k Step 3 of 5 The Cartesian force vectors are By = Fy-it gy F =F, 3 re = 780 (2.5j-6k) (25) +(-6) 78012546) 6.5 = 300j-720k Step 4 of 5 Fg = Fo-iigg Tac 2i-3j)-6k = 420% GA) (2) +(-3) +(-6) = 429x336) = 120i -180j -360k Step 5 of 5 The Resultant moment produced by the forces is My = ryx Py thy Be =F, x(F +f) = 6k x((300j -720k} +(120i-180j-360k}) = 6k x(120i+120j -1080k) = 720j -720i ={-7201+ 720} N-m =(-720i+720j}N-m RI “| 4.034Ps | Step 1 of 5 4.34FP SEN 6kN 3m | A TILE Step 2 of 5 Let &,and &, are the x and y components of the equivalent resultant force The x — component of the equivalent resultant force, R,=(5<3)-8 5 R,=-SkN R,=S5kNC Step 3 of 5 The y— component of the equivalent resultant force, 4 ,=-6-(5x3} R,=-10kN R,=10kNL Step 4 0f 5 Angle made by the resultant force, A= tan” EE @= tan? -10 -3 @=63.43° The equivalent resultant force, & = (2, +(8, y R=,f-5)' +(-107 R= 11.18 kN] Step 5 of 5 Leta be the distance form A along AB, where the resultant force acting on line AB The moment produced by the resultant force is equal to the moment produced by all forces about A -R,xd =(8x3)-(6 0.5) -(5»$)<2-[5x2)x4 5xd = 24-3-8-12[ 1 Step 1 of 6 4.035P Write the force in vector form (acts in vertical plane) F = 75cos Oj + 75sindk Write the position vector F ¥, =(2i+1.5j)m Take the moment of force about point A. M, =0,xF i j k M, =|2 1.5 0 0 «75cos@ 75sin =i(75sin 9x1.5-0)- j(75sin@x2-0)+k(75cos 6x2-0) =112.5sin 61 -150sin 6] +150cos Ok Find the magnitude of moment, M, =y(112.5sin@) +(-150sin8) +(150cos8)! = y(112.5sin 9)’ +150" (cos? @ +sin’ @) M, = y(U12.5sin) +150? 1) Step 2 of 6 Find the maximum minimum value of moment by differentiating M with respect to @ and equate to zero. a 9 de “(Yo 12.5sin 8)" +150? ) =0 ae t ty 1((112.5sing)’ +150? x112.5' x2sin 8cos@ = 0 2 sin@cos@ = 0 @ = 0°,90°,180° The maximum value of moment at @ = 90° and the minimum value of moment are at 0°and180° Find the maximum value of moment by substituting @ = 90° in equation (1). M pag = f(112-5sin 8) +150? = (112.5sin90°)’ +150? =187.5N.m Therefore, the maximum value of moment is [187.5Nm] : Step 3 of 6 Find the minimum value of moment by substituting @ = 0° orl 80° in equation (1). M nie = Ja 12.5sing)’ +1507 = \(112.5sino)’ +150 =150N.m Therefore, the minimum value of moment is . Step 4 of 6 Tabulate the values of moments at different values of @ Step 5 of 6 Plot the graph between angle and moment. 200 150 . ¢ £ 100 | 50 ° | 0 50 100 150 200 angle,theta Stop 6 of 6 From the graph, the maximum moment will occur at angle 99° and minimum value occurs at O° or 180° .s | Step 1 of 5 4.35FP Step 2 of 5 Let Robe the equivalent single resultant force R=100k -—500k- 400k R=(-800k) N Magnitude of the resultant force, |R = 800 N L Step 3 of 5 Let (zy) be the point where the resultant force is acting The moment produced by all forces about origin is equal to the moment produced by resultant force (xi + yj) (800k) =[3i x 100k] +[(4i+4)) x(-500k) ]+[4jx(—400k)] 80025 — 8001 = —300] + 2000j — 20001 — 16001 80025 — 800y4 = -36001 +1700] Step 4 of 5 Equate the i- coefficients: —800y = —3600 Step 5 of 5 Equate the j- coefficients: 800x = 1700 17 x= 8Step 1 of 3 Draw the free body diagram of the system. zZ “| 4.036P x Step 2 of 3 Calculate the position vector of AC . Tc = OC-OA Here, OC is the position vector of ¢ , and QA is the position vector of 4 . Substitute (41-2k) for OC . and (3i43j) for O4 . Tac =i(4-3)+j(0-3)+k(-2-0) ¥,- =i-3j-2k Calculate the force vector along 4 . r-r( | lec | Substitute 80 N for F , (i-3j-2k) for ry. and fy? 4.3? 4 2? for | . roa i-3j-2k | ()’ +)’ +2) i-3{-2k = ht) F = (21.376 i—64.136 j-42.76k)N Step 3 of 3 Substitute (41-2k) for OC , and Calculate the moment about the point © . Mo =P oy XF Substitute (31+3j) for O4 and (21.376 i- 64.136 j-42.76k)N for F. M, =(3i+3j)x(21.376 i-64.136 j-42.76k) i i k 3 3 0 N-m 21.376 - 64.136 - 42.76 i[ (3x-42.76) -(0x-64.136)] - j[(3x42.76)-(0x 21.376)] + k[(3x-64,136)—(3x 21.376) ] My =(-128.28 i +128.28 j-256.536k)N-m My Therefore, the moment of the force fF about point ¢ is (=128.28 1+ 128.28 j-256.536k)N-m» | Step 1 of 5 4.36FP Step 2 of 5 Let Robe the equivalent single resultant force R=(-100k - 200k - 200k -100k} NT R=(-600k} N Magnitude of the resultant force, |R = 600 ni Step 3 of 5 Let (x.y) be the point where the resultant force is acting The moment produced by all forces about origin is equal to the moment produced by resultant force {xi-+y4)x {-600k) =[ (31-3) x(—100k) ]+[ (21 - 1) x(-200k) ] +[ (G+H)x(-100k) ]+[ (-3i-19) x(-200k) ] 600xj — 600y% = 300j + 300i + 400j + 2001 + 300j- 300 — 6005+ 200% —600,yi + 60025 = 4001 +400; Step 4 of 5 Equate the i- coefficients: —600y = 400 400 600 Step 50f5 Equate the j- coefficients: 600x = 400 400 x=— 600[ 1 Step 1 of § 4.037P Step 2 of 5 Given force # = 80N The coordinates of point Ais (3m.3m,0m ) The coordinates of point Cis (4m,0m,- 2m) The position vector directed from the point Ato point Cis expressed as Taq =i(4-3)m+j(0-3)m+k(-2-0)m Tq =(1m)i-j(3m)-(2m)k The force vector is expressed as = (| ----(1) el Step 3 of 5 Tac [tac | (Im)i-j(3m)-(2m)k (Im)" +(-3m)" +(-2m)" (Im)i-j(3m)-(2m)k F =80N|) + ( 3.7416m F= 80N (0.2672i- 0.8017 j - 0.5345k) F= (21.376i- 64.136j-42.76k) N By substituting the unit vector and Finto (1), we have F=80N Step 4 of 5 The coordinates of point Ais (3m,3m,0m ) The coordinates of point Bis [(3-3c0es.45°)m ,(3sin 45°) m, Om | So, the coordinates of point B are (0.8786m,2.1213m,0m) The position vector directed from the point 2 to point Ais expressed as Fm = i(3-0.8786)m +) (3-2.1213)m +k(0)m Vaq = (2.1214m)i+(0.8787m)j From the Cartesian vector formulation, we have the moment of the force F about point Bas M,=rgXF Step 5 of 5 Accordingly, we have i i k M,=|2.1214 0.8787 0 [Nm 21.376 - 64.136 - 42.76 M, = i[(0.8787x—42.76)— (0x—64. 136) |N-m ~ j[(2.1214x—42.76) - (0x 21.376) JN-m + k[(2.1214x-64,136)— (0.8787 21.376) |N-m M, = —(37.573N-m) i+(90.82N-m)j-(154.841N- m)k M, = (-37.573 i+90.82j-154.841k)N-m Moment of the force F about point Bis M, = (37.573 i +90.82j-154.841k)N-m[ 7 Step 1 of 3 4.37FP 9kN4an 6 Nm WT] | | 3kN/m A B 1.5m. 3m 1.5m Step 2 of 3 Let Abe the equivalent single resultant force which is acting at a distance d from A Magnitude of the resultant force R=-(6x1.5)-(9x3)-(3x1.3) R=-9-27-4.5 R=-40.5 kN Therefore, the magnitude of the equivalent single resultant force is [R= 40.5 kN Step 3 of 3 We know that, the moment produced by resultant force is equal to the moment produced by the all forces about A. -40.5xd = sx15x43) -[ox303)- axisx(3+43) 2 2 2 40.5d = -6.75+.40.5+16.875 _ 50.625 40.5 Sm ld[ 7 Step 1 of 4 4.038P Step 2 of 4 The position vectors are 7,=%&k 7% =4j y= Fog = 443K Pye = 4j-3k Fog = 31-4 Step 3 of 4 The force F can be represented as a Cartesian vector as, Fort a F = FagX lop = (-4j +3k)x(3i-4j) = 12k +95 412i @ = 12449) +12k F=400- aie (12) +(9)° +(12) F = 249,878 +187.4085j + 249.878k Step 4 of 4 The moment produced by force about point A is Mya? My=FygXF = (4j - 3k) x (249.878 + 187.4085] + 249.878k) = -999,512k + 999,512i - 749.634] + 562,22551 My, = 1561.7375i - 999.512k - 749.634] AM, = (1.56171 0.7496] -1k} kN Therefore, the moment produced by force about point A is, if, = {1.561 -0.75j- Ik) kN-ms | Step 1 of 3 4.38FP L30lb/ft A B | Git aft Step 2 of 3 Let &be the equivalent single resultant force which is acting at a distance d from A Magnitude of the resultant force R=—(150x8)— [Js«150] R=-1200-450 R=-1650 tb Therefore, the magnitude of the equivalent single resultant Force is [R= 1650 tbl Step 3 of 3 ‘We know that, the moment produced by resultant force 1s equal to the moment produced by the all forces about A. ~1650xd = -[ Faisox6)( as)- (150% a)(s+s 5] 1650d = 1800412000 = 13800 ~ 1650a 1 Question: 4.039P Draw the shear and moment diagrams for each member of the frame. Assume the support at A is a pin and Dis a roller. Step 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Write the position vectors of vertices of the plane ABC. #, =3k % =4j # <3 Calculate the position vectors of the side of the plane ABC. Fon 2% Substitute 3) for ¥, and 4j for x, . fog = ~4j+ 3k Keg =e —Fe Substitute 3j for 7, and 4j for F. . Fog = 31-4] ge =-31+ 45 Step 3 of 5 Calculate the unit normal vector to plane ABC. a= Kea X tee Here, g is the normal vector to plane ABC. Substitute 3i-4j for Fog and —4j+3k for Fon G =(-4j+3k)x(3i-4j) @ =1214+9j+12k Calculate the unit vector normal to plane ABC. a= alm g = 121+ 9i+12k 12? +9? +12? 121+9j+12k 19.20 a= Stop 4 of 5 Calculate the force vector. The force F can be represented as a Cartesian vector as, F=F-a Substitute 400 KN for and 12k+9)+12k 5, 5 F = 409. 124+91+ 12k 19.20 F = 249.8781 +187.4085j + 249.878k Step 5 of 5 Calculate the moment produced by force about paint 8. M, = Fae F Substitute 249.8781 + 187.4085j + 249.878k for and -3i+ 4j for 7. . M, =(-31+4j)x (249.8783 + 187.4085] +249,878k) M, = —562.2255k + 749.634j—999.512k +999,51 2i M, ={999.512i + 749.634§-1561.73k} N-m M,, ={0.999512i + 0.749634j-1.56173k} kN-m M, =[li+0.75j-1.56k] KN-m Therefore, the moment produced by force about point B is [» | Step 1 of 3 4.39FP 6kNiim | ia_f_sm __ Step 2 of 3 Let &be the equivalent single resultant force which is acting ata distance d from A Magnitude of the resultant force Ra-(deex3) [Zo 2 2 R=-9-18 R=-27 kN Therefore, the magnitude of the equivalent single resultant force is [R = 27 kn Step 3 of 3 We know that, the moment produced by resultant force is equal to the moment produced by the all forces about A. aeons -27d = 9-36[ 1 Step 1 of 3 4.040P The system under consideration as shown below. Z F=80N Step 2 of 3 The position vector directed from the point 4 to point C is expressed as The coordinates of point 4 is (0m,0m,0m) and the coordinates of point C is (0.55m,0.4m,-0.2m) ¥ 4c =4(0.55-0)m + j(0.4-0)m+k(-0.2-0)m =(0.55m)i +(0.4m)j-(0.2m)k The force vector is expressed as F = F[(c0s30°xsin 40°)i + (cos30°x cos 40°) j+ (-sin30°)k ] Here, the force at point C is F. Substitute 80N for F. F = F[(cos30°xsin 40°)i + (cos30°xcos 40°) j + (-sin30°)k ] =(80N) (0.55661 + 0.6634j-0.5k) = (44.528 N)i+(53.072 N)j-(40N)k Step 3 of 3 From the Cartesian vector formulation, we have the moment of the force fF about point 4 as M,="y-%F i j k =| 0.55 0.4 -0.2|N-m 44,528 53.072 — 40 = i[(0.4x-40)-(-0.2%53.072)] N-m — j[(0.55x-40) -(-0.2« 44.528) ]N-m + k[(0.55x53.072)-(0.4x44.528)] N-m = - (5.3856N-m) i+ (13.0944 N-m) j+(11.3784N-m)k Moment of the force F about point 4 is — (8.3856N-m) i+ (13.0944N-m)j+(11.3784N-m)kStep 1 of 6 2001b/f S001 1501 SOlhvft Step 2 of 6 Step 3 of 6 Magnitude of the forces 1s the areas of corresponding shapes For rectangle, A =150x6 # = 900 Ib For triangle, & = 5x50X6 A, =1501b Step 4 of 6 Resultant force, Fp =-{- Fy - Fy Fp = -900-150- 500 Fp =-1550 lb Fz = 155016 Step 5 of 6 The lines of action of forces are the centriod of the respective areas Step 6 of 6 “| 4.40FP The moment produced by the resultant force 1s equal to the moment produced by all the forces M,=>(M -1550xx=-A x4 - £y Xm - Ry x9 xe —$00x 3-150x4-500%9 -1550[ 7 Step 1 of 4 4.041P Step 2 of 4 Pipe assembly is subjected to a force ¥ = 80N The coordinates of point Bis (Om, 0.4m, Om) The coordinates of point Cis (0.55m,0.4m,-0.2m) Step 3 of 4 The position vector directed from the point 3 to point Cis expressed as Py =i(0.55-0)m +5 (0.4-0.4)m+k(-0.2-0)m Vg = (0.55m)i-(0.2m)k The force vector is expressed as F = F[(cos30°xsin 40°i + (cos 30 °xcos 40°) j +(—sin 30°)k] F = (80) (0.55661 +0.6634j - 0.5k) F = (44.528 Nji+(53.072N)j-(40N)k Step 4 of 4 From the Cartesian vector formulation, we have the moment of the force F about point Bas My =rge XF Accordingly, we have i j k Mz,=| 055 0 -0.2/N-m 44.528 53.072 - 40 M, = i[(0x- 40) -(- 0.253.072) ] N-m — j[(0.55x— 40) (-0.2x44.528)]N-m + k[(0.55x 53.072)-(0x44.528)] N-m M, = (10.6144 N- m) i+ (13.0944 N- m)j+(29.1896N-m)k Moment of the force # about point Bis M, = (10.6144N. m) it (13.0944N.m)j+ (29.1896 N-m)kStep 1 of 6 4.500 15m Step 2 of 6 AO* B A x B am a4 Step 3 of 6 Magnitudes of the forces are For triangle, A = 5x45x3 A=675kN For Rectangles, A, = 3x4.5 B,=13.5kN Fy=3x15 Fy=4.5kh Step 4 of 6 The Resultant force Fp=--f,-% Fp=-6.75-13.5-4.5 Pp = -24.75 kN Fp = 24.75 KN Step 5 of 6 The lines of action of forces are x alyas 3 x =l5m Step 6 of 6 The moment produced by the resultant force is equal to the moment produced by all the forces about A Mp=>M 24,.75x = -Fyy — Fox - Fry xe —6.75x1.5- 13.5% 2.25 —4.5x 5.25 24.75 x=2.591m “| 4.41FPStep 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Tiiameter of the hatch door is 1m Force exerted by the strut on hatch door at point B, F=450N From figure, 0=(0,0,0) A= (0.5sin 30°,0.5+0.5cos 30°,0) m = (0.25,0.933,0) m B=(0,1c0s30°1sin 30°) m = (0,0.866,0.5) m Step 3 of 5 Moment of the force # about point O, My = OBXF ----- (1) Position vector of OB, OB =(0.866j +0.5k} m Position vector of AB, AB ={(0-0.25)i+(0.866-0.933)j+(0.5-O}k} m AB ={-0.25i - 0.067}+0.5k} m Magnitude of AB, AB =|AB| AB = {(-0.25)' +(-0.067)" +(0.5)" AB = 0,563 m Step 4 of 5 Force vector along AB, F=7 (=) AB (-0.25i - 0.067] +0.5k} m F = (450 N)| ~———__——_ 0.563 m F ={-199.82i— 53.552] +399.645k} N Step 5 of 5 From equation (1) Mo, = OBxF My = {(0.866j+0.5k) x (-199.822i- 53.552j +399.645Ic)} N-n i j k Moy= Q 0.866 05 | Nm 199.822 53.552 399.645 Mg = ({(346.092+26.776)i-(99.911)j +(173.046)k} Nem Mg = (372.8681 — 99.911} +173.046k} N-m Moment of the force F about O 1s [My = {372.8681 -99.911j +173.046k} N-m “| 4.042P» | Step 1 of 3 4.42FP 1OQ.N fan 4m Step 2 of 3 The magnitude of the resultant force is Step 3 of 3 The line of action of force is fraa x=4 [4 A x wax Oe xe Jwaz 0 4 J xx 2.52x°dx Qf. x= 160 4 fasx‘ax oO x 160 29 (45-0) = 5 160[ 7 Step 1 of 5 4.043P Step 2 of 5 Eadins of the curved rod is 5 ft Force in the cable AB, #,, = 60 1b From figure A= (0,5sin 60°, 5co0s60°) B=(6,7,0) C=(0,0,5) Moment of the force in the cable AB about point C, My, = CAXEyy ----(1) Step 3 of 5 Position vector of CA, CA ={(Ssin 60°) j+ (Scos 60°— 5)k} ft CA ={4.33j-2.5k} ft Position vector of AB, AB ={6i+(7- 5sin 60°)j+(-Scos 60°)k) ft AB =(6i+2.67j-2.5k} ft Magnitude of the vector AB, AB= |AB| AB = (6) +(2.67) +(-2.5) AB = 7.027 ft Step 4 of 5 Force vector along AB, Fy, = Fone [{ 6i+ 2.67) - 25k} ft] Fae = (60 Ib) 2 ax = (6010) 7.027 f Fay = (51.23 li + 22.798j— 21.346k} 1b Step 5 of 5 From equation (1) M, = {(4.33) — 25k) x (51.23 1i + 22.798] — 21.346k)} Ib-f i j k Me=| 0 433-25 | lb-ft 51.231 22.798 -21.346 M, = {(-92.428 +56.995) i— (128.077) j+(-221.83)k} lb-ft Me = (-35.433i - 128.077) - 221.83k} lb-ft Moment of the force #,, about point C is [My ={-35.433 — 128.077j- 221. 83k} lb-ftStep 1 of 5 Step 2 of 5 Given that Radius of the curved rod = 5it Moment at ‘°C’, af =801b ft From figure we have A=(0,5sin 60°,5cos60°) => A= (0,4.33,2.5) B=(6,7,0) C=(0,0,5) .. From the given data M =|CAxP| (1) Step 3 of 5 FaF-Ag Fer. (6 +2.677 -2.5k) (6) +(2.67)° +(-2.5)° F =F (0.8547 +0.387-0.3568) . CA=-OF +4.337-2.5E Step 4 of 5 i j «F CAxF = F/0 433 -25 0.854 0.38 -0.356 CAxF = F[(-0.591)¥ ~ (2.135) F +(-3.698)£ | CAF = F (-0.59 - 21357-36985) Step 5 of 5 .. From equation (1) we get (0.5917) +(-2.1357)' +(-3.698F)° = 80 => F.f18.583 = 80 => F=18.588 I. F=18.61b “| 4.044P~T Step 1 of 5 4.045P Step 2 of 5 Given force as F = (6i-2j+1k)N Moment about the origin is My = (41+5j-14k) kKN-m The coordinates of point Cis (0Om,0m,0m ) The coordinates of point Pis (1m,ym,zm ) Step 3 of 5 The position vector directed from the point Oto point Pis expressed as Yq =i(1- 0 )m+j(y-0)m+k(z-0)m Yop = (Im)i+(y m)j+(z m)k From the Cartesian vector formulation, we have the moment of the force F about O as Moy =rop*F Step 40f5 Accordingly, we have ijk M,=|1 y zim 6 -2 1 Mg= i[(yxl)- (2-2) ] kN m— j[(1*1)- (26) JEN-m +k[(Ix-2)- (9x6) JEN: m M, =[(y +22) i+(62—1)j+(-2-6y)k |] KN-m = ----(1) Step 50f5 But it is given that My = (41+5j-14k) KN. m Accordingly, from (1) (4i+5]-14k) KN. m =[(y +22) 1+(62-1)j+(-2-6y)k] KN-m --- (2) By comparing the coefficients ofj , we have from (2) j: Sm=6éz-1m By comparing the coefficients ofk , we have from (2) k: -14m=-2m-6y 6y=12m y= 2m[ 7 Step 1 of7 4.046P Step 2 of 7 Given force as F = (61+8j]+10k)N Moment about the origin is My = (-14i +3 +2k)N-m The coordinates of point Ois (Om,0m,0m ) The coordinates of point Pis (1m,ym,zm ) Step 3 of 7 The position vector directed from the point Oto point Pis expressed as rg =i(1- 0 )m+j(y-0)m+k(z-0)m Yop = (1m)i+ (y m)j+(zm)k From the Cartesian vector formulation, we have the moment of the force F aboutO as Mog =rop*F Step 4 of 7 Accordingly, we have ijk M,=|1 »y z|Nm 6 & 10 M, = i[(yx10)- (28) ]N-m— j[(1x10)- (26) ]N-m + k[(1x8)- (x6) ]N-m M, =[(10y- 82) i+(6z-10)j+(8-6y)k]N-m ----(1) Step 5 of7 But it is given that M, = (-14i+94+2k)N-m Accordingly, from (1) (-141 +8) +2k)N-m = [(10y—8z) i +(6z—10)j+ (8- 6y)k | Nm ——— (2) By comparing the coefficients of j , we have from (2) j: 8m=6z-10m By comparing the coefficients of k , we have from (2) k: 2m=8m-6y 6y=6m yoim Step 6 of 7 Given that M,=F xd = Mo F [Mo | d= ---- (3) lF| Accordingly, we have [Mo |= (14) +08)? +2)? Nem |M, |= 16.248 N-m [F |= y(6)" +(8)" + (10)" N [F|=14.142N Step 7 of7 By substituting |M, [ana |F | into (3), we have _ 16,248 N-m 14.142 N @ =1.1489m The perpendicular distance from point Oto the line of action of Fis |d=1.1489mStep 1 of 3 Step 2 of 3 Force exerted on the wrench is P=161b From the figure, we have cos30°=| 10in a= (10c0s30°in a=8.66in Step 3 of 3 Torque imparted by the force along the vertical axis of the bolt at 4 is expressed as M = Px(0.75in +a) M =161b x(0.75in +8.66in) AM = 150.56 lb-in Torque imparted by the force along the vertical axis of the bolt at A is AM = 150.56 1b -in[ 1 Step 1 of 4 4.050P Step 2 of 4 Force exerted by the chain AB on the door at B, F = 20 Ib From figure, 0=(0,0,0) A=(3,0,4) B= (0,3cos 20°, 3sin 20°) B= (0,2.819,1.026) Moment of the force ¥ about the hinged axis x ofthe door, M, =%,.- (OBxF) --- (1) Step 3 of 4 Position vector of OB, OB = ( 2.819} +1.026k} ft Force vector along BA, F = (3) BA 3% +(-2.819)j +(4-1.026)k} & (3y' + (-2.819)" + (4-1.026)" F = (20 1b) ft 2.8195 +2. F= (2016) (31+-2.819j +2.974k} f 5.078 ft F =(11.816i-11.103j+11.713k} Ib Unit vector along x — axis, 4, =i Step 4 of 4 From equation (1) M, = [i] -[(2.819j +1.026k)x (11.8 16i - 11.103} +11.713k)] Ib-ft 1 0 0 M,=| 0 2.819 1.026} lb-ft 1.816 -11.103 11.713 M,, = 1(33.019-+11.392) Ib-f M, =44.411 1b Moment of the force ¥ about the hinged axis x of the door is (Mf, = 44.411 16-8]a 1 Question: 4.051P Draw the moment diagrams for the beam using the method of superposition. Step 1 of 10 Figure depicting the tongs and pallet. 75 mm ——>«—— 75 mm Step 2 of 10 Draw the free body diagram for the chain T T 60° 60° 300 N Step 3 of 10 Apply the equation of equilibrium along ¥ direction to determine the tension 7 . =F, =0 2T sin60° - 300=0 1.7327 -300=0 T=173.2N Here, 7 is the tension acting on the chains. Step 4 of 10 Draw the free body diagram for the tongs. Step 5 of 10 173.2N 20 mm 50 mm Step 6 of 10 Now calculate the moment about the point € to determine the force N, IM, =0 -173.2c0s60°(75) -173.2sin60° (50) + N, (75) -F, (20) =0...... (1) Here, N, and Fy are the normal and friction force acting at the point 4 respectively. Fiction force acting at the point 4 can be expressed as, F,=4aN, --.- (2) Substitute y«N, for F, in equation (1). 173.2c0s60°(75) ~ 173.2sin60°(50) + N,(75)- #N,(20)=0 ...... (3) Step 7 of 10 Substitute 0,5 for # in equation (3). —173.2¢0860°(75) -173.2sin60° (50) + N, (75) - (0.5)N, (20) =0 -6495 - 7499.77 + 75N,-10N,=0 65N, = 13994.77 N,=215.3N Substitute 215.3 N for N, in equation (2). F, =0.5%215.3 F, = 107.65 N Step 8 of 10 Draw the free body diagram of the crate. N Step 9 of 10 Apply the equation of equilibrium for the crate along the x direction. =F, =0 2F,-F =0 F = 2(107.65) F=215.3N Apply the equation of equilibrium for the crate along the y direction. IF, =0 N-W=0 N=W Here, N is the normal force and W’ is the weight of the crate. Now express normal force in terms of friction force and weight in terms of mass. F —=mg Stop 10 of 10 Substitute 215.3 N for F. 0.4 for # and 9.81 m/s? for g in equation (4). 215.3 n=———_ 0.49.81 215.3 moo 3.924 m= 54.86 kg Therefore the largest mass that can be towed is|54.86 kg].[ 1 Step 1 of 7 4.052P Free body diagram: F = {41+12j-3k} Ib Step 2 of 7 f@ Using Cartesian vector approach method The position vector of OB, OB =4i+3j-2k The moment produced by the force About x-axis: (My), = Ay (OBXF) (M@,), =4-[(4i+3)- ac) x (4i +12j-3k)] 1 0 0 (24,),=|4 3 -2 4 12 -3 (4), =1{-9+24) (4), =15lb-ft Step 3 of 7 About y-axis: (iy), = 2y-(OBXR) (Mo), =i-[(4i+ 3 - 2)x (41 +125 - 3k)] 0 1 0 (M),=4 3 -2 l4 2 6-3 Step 4 of 7 About z-axis: (fa), = 4y-(OBXE) (24,), =k-[(4i +3) - 2k) x(4i +12j-3k)] 0 0 1 (24,), =|4 3 -2 4 12 -3 (2), = 1(48-12) (Ady), = 361b-2 Step 5 of 7 (b) Using scalar approach. Given F =(4i-+12j - 3k} 1b F=(#i+4j+2k) F, =4lb (positive x—directon ) F, =12lb (positive y—direction) F, = 3lb (Negative z direction) Step 6 of 7 Moment Produced by the force about x-axis (24,), =0+(F, x2)-(# x3) (2é,), = (12*2) - (3x3) (44), =24-9 (445), = 151b- Ft Step 7 of 7 About y-axis (Ma), = -(4.%2) +(A x4) (4%), = —(4%2)+(3x4) (4%), =-84+12 (M,), =41b-f About z-axis (My), =-(2, x3) +(F, x4) (Afp), =-(43)+(12x4) (Mo), =—-12 +48 [.44,), = 361-8Step 1 of 4 Free body diagram: 4" F = (44 +.12j—3k} Ib Step 2 of 4 Let Myce be the moment about AC The position vector of AB, AB=4i+3j-2k The position vector of AC, AC = 4i+3j Magnitude of AC, jac| = 474377 |Ac|=5tt c Unit vector of AC, Age = aq 4i+3j dag = = Step 3 of 4 The moment produced by the force about AC is Myp = Age -(ABxF) My = (F +) -[(4i-+3j- ke) x(4i +125 - 3k) ] é 3 0 5 5 M,=4 3 -2 4 12 «33 Mi: = $(-9+24)~2(-1248) 4 3 Myo = 39) 7 3(4) Mye = 12424 My = 14.4 Ibft Step 4 of 4 The Cartesian vector is Moye = Mae Age 4,3 My =144-| -i+2j Lec = 1 (3 35] IM ge = (11.521+8. 649) lb-ft “| 4.053P[ 7 Step 1 of 4 4.054P Draw the free body diagram representing force F. Step 2 of 4 Write the coordinates of the system A(0.25,0,0)m B(0.25,0.25,0)m Write the position vector of AB. Fyp =[(0.25-0.25)i+(0.25-0)j+(0-0)k ]m =(0.25j)m Write the force F in vector form. F = F(cos60°j-sin 60°k) Substitute 100N for F. F =100(cos60°j -sin60°k) = (50j -86.6k) N Step 3 of 4 Calculate the moment M along x-axis by applying equilibrium condition. M, =1-(t,*F) Substitute ($0j-86.6k )N for F and (0.25j)m for ry, - M, =i-[(0.25j)x(50j-86.6k) ] =i-[-21.65i]N-m =-21.65N-m Thus, the negative sign indicates that moment at x is acted towards the negative x-axis. Therefore, the moment M along the x-axis due to force Fis : Step 4 of 4 Scalar analysis: Take moment about x-axis. >, =0 M, = 100cos60°(0)-100sin 60°(0.25) =-21.7N-m Therefore, the moment M along the x-axis due to force Fis .[ 1 Step 1 of 2 4.055P Draw the free body diagram representing force F and the distances from X-axis and Y-axis to the line of action of force. Step 2 of 2 Here, the force Fis acting at a point located at (0.25 m, 0.25 m, 0) along the 3D axis. Calculate the moment M due to force Fis as follow. i i k M =)0.25 0.25 0 0 Fcos60° —Fcos30" ={ ix[0,25(-F cos30°) }} - {jx[0.25(-F cos60°) }} =-0.216F 1+.0.125F j Calculate the force F as follows. Torque about X-axis = 0.216F 30 = 0.216F 30 “0216 =i39N Thus, the force F applied by man is [} 30 N[ 7 Step 1 of 5 4.056P 7b Step 2 of 5 Nermal force acting on the wheel of the skate is F, = 78lb Frictional force acting on the wheel of the skate is 7, =131b The coordinates of point Ais [Oin,(1.25xcos60°)in, Oin | Coordinates of point Ais (Oin,0.625in, 0in) The coordinates ofpoint Fis [(1-25x cos 30°)in, Oin, Oin ] Coordinates of point Bis (1.0825in,0in, 0in) Step 3 of 5 ad force vector is expressed as F=[F, i+F, i] F = (131b)i+(781b)j The position vector directed from the point .A to 21s expressed as Taz =i(1.0825-0)in +j(0-0.625)in+k(0-O)in ‘ap = (1.0825in )i— (0.625 inj The position vector directed from the moment center to the point of application of force is expressed as r=i(0-0 Jin +j(0-1.25)in +k (0 -0)in r=- (1.25in)j Step 4 of 5 Unit vector that defines the direction of APis expressed as r AB [tas | Accordingly, we have from (1) (1.0825in)i - (0.625in)j (1.0825in)* +(-0.625 in)? in =(0.866)i-(0.5)j Step 5 of 5 Component ofthe moment of the force F about APis expressed as My = [a(t xF)] Accordingly, we have 0.866 -05 0 Myg=| 0 -1.25 0} tb-in 13 7 0 0.866(-1.25x0-078) Ib-in a no afoch. aay inso(osresrasc19pia M,,=0lb-in The moment of the forces about the axle AB is M,, = Olb-in[ 1 Step 1 of 3 4.057P Draw the free body diagram of the component and represent the force system. F=(6i-4j-7k)kN 0 mm Step 2 of 3 Calculate the position vector of the distance y . r=(rcos@)i+(rsin§)j Here, @ is the angle of inclination, and y is the radius. Substitute 49° for @ and 30 mm for r . 107? mm -3 v(m mmx Jlreaoro( 0 mn 2 sina) m r =0.023i +0.0193j Step 3 of 3 Calculate the moment due to force F. Me=rxF 3 Substitute (0.023i + 0.0193) for r and (6j-4j- 7k) kNx 10° N org. UkN o ~(00231+0.0193)+[ (61-41-78) nth i ji k =|0.023 0 0.0193 6000-4000 -7000 {-(o011-00))-| i + {k[(0.023)(-4000) ]} =(77.214+277j-92k) N-m (0.023)(-7000) I —(6000x 0.0193) Therefore, the moment due to force F along x-axis is along z—axis is |[92N-m| . , and the moment due to force F[ 7 Step 1 of 6 4.058P Given F=140 lb Let Af, be the moment about axis CD Step 2 of 6 Free body diagram: Step 3 of 6 The position vector of CA, CA=61 The position vector of CD, CD=8j+6k The position vector of CB, CR =4j+12k The position vector of AB, AB=CB-CA AB =-61+4j+12k Magnitude of AB, |AB|= {(-6)" +(4f +0127 |AB|= 14¢¢ Step 4 of 6 The Cartesian force vector is FaF (Ag) v=o (85 |AB| -6i+4j ) F=140. ( 14 =—60i+40j +120k Step 5 of 6 The unit vector of CD, App = —— 10 Agp = 0.8) +0.6k Step 6 of 6 The moment produced by the force about CD axis Mep = Agp: (CAXF) Mop = (0.8) +0.6k) -[( 64) x (-60i +40] +120k) ] 0 86k 0G Mep=|6 0 0 Leo 40 = 120 Mop = -0.8[(6*120)—(0)]+0.6[(6%40)—(0)] Men =-576+144 Mey = 4321b- ft =432Ib-& (CW)~T 4.059P We don't have the solution to this problem yet. Get help from a Chegg subject expert. Ask an experts | Step 1 of 10 4.060P Calculate the force acting on the bracket in Cartesian form, Here, angle made by force with x-axis is @, , angle made by force with y-axis is 4, , angle made by force with z-axisis @ . Substitute 30 N for F .60° for 8, .60° for a, +4§° for @, in equation (1). F =F (cos0,i+cos0,j+cos@,k) = 30(cos 60°i + cos60°j + cos 45°k)} =(15i+15j+21.21k) N Step 2 of 10 Obtain the position vector directed from axis a-a to any point on the line of action of force F, r=(ri +r,)+rk) weeeee (2) Here x-component of position vector from axis a-a to any point on the line of action of force Fis rn , y- component of position vector from axis a-a to any point on the line of action of force Fis "> z-component of position vector from axis a-a to any point on the line of action of force Fis r, Substitute -0.1m for x, .Omfor r, .0.15 m for r, in equation (2). r=(-0.1i+0j+0.15k) =(-0.11+0.15k) m Step 3 of 10 Calculate the unit vector that specifies the direction of axis a, ue = (4.4 +n, j+u,k) seeene (3) Here x-component of unit vector defining the direction of axis ais uw, , y-component of unit vector defining the direction of axis ais #, , Z-component of unit vector defining the direction of axis ais u, - Substitute Q for 4M, > ]ior #, .0 mifor u, in equation (2) ; 4, i+4,k) Step 4 of 10 Calculate the moment of force about a-a axis of the pipe, oY 4) Here unit vector that specifies the direction of axis ais w, , force acting on the bracket is F , position vector directed from axis a-a to any point on the line of action of force Fis r. Substitute corresponding equations in equation (4) and solve. us, = “ Ld a FOR o 1 0 =|-01 90 0.15 1S 1S 21.21 =437N-m Therefore moment of force about a-a axis of the pipe, M, is Step 5 of 10 Calculate the coordinate direction angles of F in order to produce maximum moment, Calculate the unit vector that specifies the direction of force, Uy = (4,144, 1+,k) seen (5) 7 5 Here x-component of unit vector defining the direction of force F is Up y-component of unit vector defining the direction of force Fis 4, , 2-component of unit vector defining the direction of force Fis uv, 7 a Step 6 of 10 Substitute 915 for up, 2 for w, in equation (5) ; (0.15) +(0.1) (0.15) +(0.1)° Up =(ugitu,i tusk) 0.15 i+ 0.1 k (0.15) +(0.1)° (0.15) +(0.1)° = 0.83211 + 0.5547k Step 7 of 10 Calculate the angle made by the force F with x-axis in order to produce maximum moment, a=cos" (4. ) bees (6) Here x-component of unit vector defining the direction of force F is Up - Substitute 0,832] for Ne in equation (6) ; @ =cos”' (0.8321) =33.7° Therefore angle made by the force F with x-axis in order to produce maximum moment , @ is [3: Step 8 of 10 Now calculate the angle made by the force F with y-axis in order to produce maximum moment , -1 B=COos («,) vee (7) Here y-component of unit vector defining the direction of force Fis i, , Substitute Q for u, in equation (7) ; f=cos"(0) =90° Therefore angle made by the force F with y-axis in order to produce maximum moment , fis Step 9 of 10 Now calculate the angle made by the force F with z-axis in order to produce maximum moment , Here z-component of unit vector defining the direction of force Fis wv, Substitute 0.5547 for w,. in equation (8) ; y =cos' (0.5547) = 56.3° Therefore angle made by the force F with z-axis in order to produce maximum moment , 7 is [5 Step 10 of 10 Now calculate the maximum moment, M=F OnOnon von @) Here x-component of position vector from axis 2-a to any point on the line of action of force Fis , y- component of position vector from axis a-a to any point on the line of action of force F is yo z-component of position vector from axis a-a to any point on the line of action of force Fis r, Substitute -0,] m for r, ,Omifor r, ,0.15 m for r, ,30 N for F in equation (9) ; M=F A (cy +(r) +) | =30,[ (-0.1)' +(0)' +(0.15)"] =5.41N-m Therefore maximum moment about axis a-a, ag .is |5.41 N- miStep 1 of 5 Draw the pipe assembly on the wall, secured by the two brackets. Step 2 of 5 From the geometry, Co-ordination of point B, B= [(4+3c0s30°}cos60°, (4 +3cos30")sin 60°, 3 sin 30°] ft = (3.299,5.714,1.5) Find position vector of OB Tog = (3.299 -O}i+(5.714—0)j+ (1.5-0)k = (3.2991 + 5.7145 +1.5k) ft The force vector of W, W =[0i+0j-50k] Ib Step 3 of 5 Calculate the moment of W along x - axis The unit vector along, x - axis is i Thus, Moment about x - axis is M, =i-(teg*¥) Substitute [Oi +0j—5Ok] Ib for W ,(3.2991+5.714j+1.5k)ft for rp 1 0 0 M,, =13.299 5.714 1.5 0 6 =1x5.714x(-50)-0 =—285.7 lb-ft Therefore the moment of W about x ,|—285.7 Ib- ft Step 4 of 5 Calculate the moment of W along y - axis The unit vector along y- axis is j Thus, Moment about y - axis is M, =i- (tx) Substitute [0i+0j—50k] Ib for W .(3.2991+5.714j+1.5k) ft for rap 0 1 0 M, =|3.299 5.714 1.5 0 0 = -50) =—1x3.299x(-50) = 164.95 lb-ft Therefore the moment of W about y ,|164.95 Ib- ft Step 5 of 5 Calculate the moment of W along z - axis The unit vector along z - axis is k Thus, Moment about z - axis is, M, =k (te) Substitute [01 +0j—50k] Ib for W .(3.2991+5.714j+1.5k)ft for top 0 0 1 M, =|3.299 5.714 1.5 0 0 -50j =0 Therefore the moment of W about z axis is [0] “| 4.061PStep 1 of 3 Given that, Weight of the pot at B, W=-(50k)Ib From the figure, Position vector of OB, rag = (4+3c0s 30°) cos 60% +(4+3 cos 30°) sin 609+ 3sin 30% Yop = 3.2991 +5.7145-+1.5k “| 4.062P Step 2 of 3 Position vector of OA, rg, =4j+3k . r, Unit vector of OA, up, = Toa _ Aj +3k wee [iae Ung = 0.84 40.6 Step 3 of 3 The moment produced by the force about OA axis is Moa= og: (ropxW) Mog= (0.8) +0.6k).((3.2991+ 5.714j+1.5k}{-50k}} 0 08 06 Mo,= (3.299 5.714 15 0 0 50} Mog = —0.8(-50x3.299) Mp4 =131.96 lb-ft Therefore, the moment produced by the Force about OA axis is |AZ,, = 131.96 lb-ftStep 1 of 3 ~T 4.063P Given that, Mazimum moment about axis OA, My, = 150 Ib

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