Results

A. Preparation of the Hydrochloric Acid Solution

Volume of 6.0 M HCl taken : 20.83 mL

B. Standardisation of the Acid against Sodium Hydroxide

Rough 1 2 3
Volume of the acid used 10.0 ml 10.0 ml 10.0 ml
Final reading of NaOH 25.00 ml 23.70 ml 23.20 ml
Initial reading of NaOH 0.00 ml 0.00 ml 0.00 ml
Volume of NaOH used 25.00 ml 23.70 ml 23.20 ml

C. Determination of Neutralisation Capacity of an Antacid Tablet

Weight of one whole antacid tablet = 0.6165 g

1 2 3
Weight of crushed antacid tablet 0.2022g 0.2320g 0.1823g
Volume of standard HCl added 10.0 ml 10.0 ml 10.0 ml
Final reading of standard NaOH 22.10 ml 20.90 ml 42.70 ml
Initial reading of standard NaOH 0.50 ml 0.00 ml 20.90 ml
Volume of standard NaOH used 21.60 ml 20.90 ml 21.80 ml
Calculations

A. Standardisation of the Acid against Sodium Hydroxide

M1V1 = M2V2
(6 M)V1 = (0.5 M)(250 ml)
V1 = 20.83 ml

B. Standardisation of the Acid against Sodium Hydroxide

NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O

Titration 1 :

n of NaOH = MV n of HCl = n of NaOH

= (0.132M)(0.025L) = 3.3x10-3 mol HCl
= 3.3x10-3 mol NaOH

n
M of HCl =
v
= 3.3x10-3 mol
10x10-3 L
= 0.33 M

Titration 2 :

n of NaOH = MV n of HCl = n of NaOH

 = (0.132 M)(0.0237L) = 3.1284x10-3 mol HCl
= 3.1284x10-3 mol NaOH

n
M of HCl =
v
= 3.1284x10-3 mol
10x10-3 L
= 0.313 M

Titration 3 :

n of NaOH = MV n of HCl = n of NaOH

= (0.132M)(0.0232L) = 3.0624x10-3 mol HCl
=3.0624x10-3 mol NaOH

n
M of HCl =
v
= 3.0624x10-3mol
10x10-3 L
= 0.306 M HCl

0.33  0.313  0.306

Average Molarity of HCl =
3
= 0.316 M

Standard Deviation Molarity = (0.33  0.316)  2  (0.313  0.316)  2  (0.306  0.316)  2

3 1

of HCl
C. Determination of Neutralisation Capacity of an Antacid Tablet

Al(OH)3 + 3HCl → AlCl3 + 3H2O

M of HCl = 0.316 M M of NaOH = 0.132 M

Tablet 1 :

0.316mol 1L 36.46 g
Initial amount of HCl = 10mlx x x
1L 1000ml 1mol
= 0.115 g

1L 0.132mol
Mol of NaOH = 21.60mlx x
1000mL 1L
= 2.8512x10-3 mol NaOH

n of NaOH = n of HCl
= 2.8512x10-3 mol HCl

36.46 g
Remaining of HCl : 2.8512 x10  3molx  0.104 g
1mol
 HCl neutralized by antacid tablet = 0.115-0.104
= 0.011 g

Tablet 2 :

Initial amount of HCl = 0.115 g

1L 0.132mol
Mol of NaOH = 20.90mlx x
1000ml 1L
= 2.7588x10-3 mol NaOH

n of HCl = n of NaOH
= 2.7588x10-3 mol HCl

36.46 g
Remaining of HCl : 2.7588 x10  3molx  0.101g
1mol

HCl neutralized by antacid tablet = 0.115-0.101

= 0.014g

Tablet 3 :

Initial amount of HCl =0.115g

1L 0.132mol
Mol of NaOH = 21.80mlx x
1000ml 1L
 = 2.8776x10-3 mol NaOH

n of HCl = n of NaOH
= 2.8776x10-3 mol HCl

36.46 g
Remaining of HCl : 2.8766 x10  3molx  0.105 g
1mol

HCl neutralized by antacid = 0.115-0.105

= 0.01 g

Total mass of HCl neutralized = 0.011+0.014+0.010

= 0.035 g

n 0.316mol
Mol of HCl = = x3(0.01) L
v 1L
= 9.48x10-3mol HCl

3 mol of HCl = 1 mol of Al(OH)3

9.48x10-3 mol of HCl = 3.16x10-3 mol of Al(OH)3

Mass of Al(OH)3 = n x MM
= 3.16x10-3mol x 78 g/mol
= 0.2465 g

Percentage error = | 0.2465-0.6165 | x 100

0.6165
= 60.02%
Questions

1. Acid is always added to water, and never the reverse. Why?

If we add water to acid it forms an extremely concentrated solution of acid initially. So much heat
is released that the solution may boil very violently, splashing concentrated acid out of the container
and all this because the reaction is exothermic.

2. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of the antacid with HCl if the antacid
contains hydroxide ion.

HCl + OH- → Cl- + H2O

3. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction if the antacid contains carbonate ion?

2HCl + CO32- → 2Cl- + H2CO3