DISSERTATION

COLOUR,LIGHT IN ARCHITECTURE

MOHAMED ABRAR.A
150101601016
CONTENTS

• Introduction

• Colour
• Light

• Aim.

• Objective.

• Research questions ?

• Limitations.

• Scope.

• Methodology.

• Case studies.

• The Tetrisception, New Delhi

• Kakogawa Kindergarten, Japan

• Lin Gang New City Community Shopping Center, china

• LEGO House, Denmark

• The Sabadell Hospital , Spain

• Hisham A. Alsager Cardiological Hospital,Kuwait

 INTRODUCTION

What is colour?

• colour is the characteristic of human visual visual preception described through

colour categories, with names such as red , orange , yellow , green, blue, or purple .

• This perception of colour derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye
by electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectrum .

• Colour categories and physical specifications of colour are associated with objects
through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them. This reflection is governed
by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.

Colour Wavelength.

• By defining a colour space, colours can be identified numerically by coordinates, which

in 1931 were also named in global agreement with internationally agreed colour names
like mentioned above red, orange, etc. by the International Commission on Illumination.

• The RGB colour space for instance is a colour space corresponding to

human trichromacy and to the three cone cell types that respond to three bands of light
long wavelengths,

1. Peaking near - 564–580 nm (RED).

2. Medium-wavelength - 534–545 nm (Green).
3. Short-wavelength light - 420–440 nm (BLUE).

• There may also be more than three colour dimensions in other colour spaces, such as in
the CMYK colour model, wherein one of the dimensions relates to a
colour's colourfulness.

Spectral colours.

• The familiar colours of the rainbow in the spectrum named using the Latin word
for appearance or apparition by Isaac Newton in 1671—include all those colours that can
be produced by visible light of a single wavelength only, the pure spectral or
monochromatic colours.
• The table at right shows approximate frequencies and wavelengths for various pure
spectral colours. The wavelengths listed are as measured in air or vacuum.
Colour of objects.

• The colour of an object depends on both the physics of the object in its environment and
the characteristics of the perceiving eye and brain.

• Physically, objects can be said to have the colour of the light leaving their surfaces, which
normally depends on the spectrum of the incident illumination and the reflectance
properties of the surface, as well as potentially on the angles of illumination and viewing.

• A viewer's perception of the object's colour depends not only on the spectrum of the light
leaving its surface, but also on a host of contextual cues, so that colour differences
between objects can be discerned mostly independent of the lighting spectrum, viewing
angle, etc. This effect is known as colour constancy
.

what is light ?

Light is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic

spectrum. The word usually refers to visible light, which is the visible spectrum that is visible to
the human eye and is responsible for the sense of sight.

Electromagnetic spectrum.

• EM radiation (the designation "radiation" excludes static electric, magnetic, and , or EMR, is
classified by wavelength into radio waves ,microwaves ,infrared.

• e visible spectrum that we perceive as light , ultraviolet ,X-rays, and gamma rays.

Optics.

The study of light and the interaction of light and matter is termed optics. The observation
and study of optical phenomena such as rainbows and the aurora borealis offer many clues as to the
nature of light.

Refraction.
• Refraction is the bending of light rays when passing through a surface between one
transparent material and another. It is described by Snell’s Law.

• When a beam of light crosses the boundary between a vacuum and another medium, or
between two different media, the wavelength of the light changes, but the frequency
remains constant. If the beam of light is not orthogonal to the boundary, the change in
wavelength results in a change in the direction of the beam. This change of direction is
known as reflection.
AIM.

The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of light and colour in all dimensions,
both daylight and artificial light, in relation with colour in architecture.

OBJECTIVE.

• To understand various studies of form in nature and its geometrical

connotations?(history).

• To classify these form in nature that are manifested in architectural expressions?

RESEARCH QUESTIONS ?

• Research into the two areas has generally followed different paths.

• How does light affect the perception of the space?

• How conscious of the daylight situation in the site ?

• How colour and light creates ambience in a space ?

LIMITATIONS.

• The study would limit colour and light it use by architecture.

• This dissertation would be limited available information like literature ,case studies.

SCOPE.

• The scope of this study is an appreciative and an explorative and not a prescriptive one.

• The study focus on various the use of environment colour adopted and to the
development of variouds form of colour and impact of light in it .

• The study focus on architectural experiences such as surface treatment the building
form as a whole .

METHODOLOGY.

• Research is undertaken on the basis of previous accumulated data , either on the

internet or books.

• Through case studies shall be found and by looking at modern options a live case
studies shall be hypothectically approached.

• Using a project for example, it gives , a full picture of the enduser’s providing a
powerful way to demonstrate the benefits .
CASE STUDIES.

Case studies are choose in required building types based on age group.

1. Children - Kindergarten school

• The Tetrisception, New Delhi
• Kakogawa Kindergarten, Japan

2. Youth - Malls / Theaters

• Lin Gang New City Community Shopping Center, china
• LEGO House, Denmark

3. Aged - Hospital
• The Sabadell Hospital , Spain
• Hisham A. Alsager Cardiological Hospital,Kuwait

Children - kindergarten school

The Tetrisception, New Delhi.

• Renesa Architecture Design Interior's design ideology to this pre-nursery school raises an
argument to the new style of architecture (A Renaissance of Art) for the learning and
growth of the little ones.

• The idea behind architecturally treating this dilapidated space was to create a reaction
and response from a young one in order to make them learn from the exterior
environment.
Design aspects.

• Montessori education is an interactive model of learning that emphasizes

on independence , freedom within limits and respect for a child's natural ,
physical and social development.

• Renesa Architecture Design Interiors Studio has proposed a method to

know children fully and respect their development, so that education
accompanies the natural process of life.

• Thinking the space in this direction, suggests a prepared environment for

the child in which there should be elements proportionate to their scale,
that allow to direct the child to knowledge.

• The objects should not be many, but the just and necessary quantity for
learning. The elements and their forms must be simple.

• The space, easy to keep clean, without elements that stand in the way of
the environment; In such a way, several activities must be able to be carried
out simultaneously.
Youth - Malls / Theaters

Lin Gang New City Community Shopping Center, china

• The project is located in Lingang New City, Pudong New Area, Shanghai. Seven
residential neighborhoods have been built in the periphery successively, which are
divided into three blocks, i.e., community commercial center, commercial street and
serviced apartment.

• Designed based on the concept of ―Market‖, a series of space close to human scale are
created to attract and gather traffic to both banks of the river, providing a unique
shopping experience that is close to nature.

Green Core.

• The two ―small markets‖ along the river, combined by the landscape, are
also special features of the project.

• The two triangular landscape plazas, connected by a bridge, become the

spatial core of the whole plot. In the project, waterfront space is highly
precious and active public activity space.

• Hence, we use the building waterfront as the main commercial showcase

face.

• The landscape system, centered on the pedestrian plazas on both banks enclosed by
three plots, is the core node to create a ―capillary green network‖ with the scattered
space around the buildings according to local conditions.
• The walkway is also intentionally designed into irregular fold lines, for every step with a
change of scene in the commercial retail space, green everywhere.
Aged - Hospital

Expansion of the Hospital de Sabadell.

• The Sabadell Hospital has been extended in a first phase with a new building
perpendicular to the old ones, and a new volume with a staircase and elevators.

• The simplicity of the new building gives a new image to the whole hospital, and has
permitted its construction without notable incident in the normal operation of the
hospital.

• The public areas are mainly organized on the side of the park, providing nice views
from all the waiting rooms and corridors.

• On the other side, the technical areas are connected with the ones from the existing
building through the new volume containing the staircase and elevators.

• The most apparent is the system that can adjust the solar radiation protection, formed
by vertical slats.

• They move automatically according to the angle of the solar radiation, allowing the
light to come in, but closing enough when the sunlight is bothering.

• Also the green roof has been an issue decided from the beginning, since the new
building is smaller than the original one, and we wanted that views of the new
building from a higher position were the continuation of the park.

• Also the green roof provides a good isolation and a minor visual impact for the user of
the hospital.
Reference

https://www.britannica.com/science/light
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color
https://www.archdaily.com/888773/the-tetrisception-renesa-architecture-design-
interiors-studio
https://www.archdaily.com/918749/lingang-new-city-community-shopping-center-
shanghai-zf-architectural-design
https://www.archdaily.com/251425/expansion-of-the-hospital-de-sabadell-estudi-psp-
arquitectura