Madeilyn B. Estacio, PhD.

Microsystem – most basic relationships and interactions that a child has in his/her
immediate environment (family, school, neighborhood)

Mesosystem – connection between the structures of the child’s microsystem

ie: interaction/link between the parents and the teachers, parents and health
services, community and the church

Exosystem – bigger social system in which the child does not function directly
(city govt, mass media, workplace)
 the structures in this layer may influence the child’s devt by somehow
affecting some structure in the child’s microsystem
 ie: circumstances of the parents' work (location, schedules etc) which may
have positive or negative impact as it interacts with the child’s own system

Madeilyn B. Estacio, PhD.

Macrosystem – outermost part of the child’s environment (cultural values, customs
and laws)
The belief system contained in one’s macrosystem permeates all the interactions
in the other layers and reaches the individual.

Ie: child rearing practices

Family tradition

Madeilyn B. Estacio, PhD.

Chronosystem- covers the element of time as it relates to a child’s environments.
 Patterns of stability and change in the child’s life
 Orderly predictable pattern or whether the child is subjected to sudden change
of routine
• Pace of the child’s everyday life these can affect or influence
• Parental separation a child
• Timing of other siblings coming externally
• Death

• Bodily changes Internally

Madeilyn B. Estacio, PhD.