JONMEFOREASY ACCESS TOEBOOKS & NOTES @ +92-310-545-450-3 Css Aspirants Forum per shop ae orn Rules of the group. *No relevant text/pic Islamic pc/videos *No Smiley No Pm otherwise Removed + Blocked “Personal text w/o Mutual consent Consider harassment. ‘Separate Group For Females with verfication ‘The CSS Croup doesnot hold any igh on shared the Boks & Notes iim not Responsible for Copyrights. This book/notes downloaded from the internet SMART CITIES eee Big data, civic hackers, and the quest for a new utopia Anthony M. Townsend BtCopii 201 Any Mower igre Forinroio set eminem cat fom ci tosk, "0 Fs ree New ek YO ‘ecient WW. Novo Spel sae spnldnrion cn 0) 3-10 Macingy Come Weed ‘Bont is Chis We Lin fan Cuong Pann Dis Town Ata M, 3- ig ath hs tt ea ei Anhny Toms nd gee rein ISBN 79-09-0274 ten 1. Cimanbtwnr-hey 2 Cer phic Reg tlsing_Tehsogal iar, Tehmoginnnow Roem es 3 ebro cing Sor eT 1 Nonon Compan ne Cade ae 19/96 Wah Son Loudon WIT IQ For Stella and Carer: ‘may yu thrive ina better word.‘What is the city but the people? —Wilio Shakespeare, The Tragedy of CitasContents Preice xi Introduction Urbanization and Ubiquity 1 ‘The $100 Billion Jackpoe 19 Cybernetics Redox 57 Cities of Tomorrow 93 ‘The Open-Source Metropolis 11s Tinkering Toward Utopia 42 Have Nots 168 Reinventing City Hall. 194 ‘A Planet of Civic Laboratories 226 ‘Boggy, Brite, and Bugged 22 10 A New Civies fora Smart Century 282 Adknovtedgments 321 Notes 325 Index 367JOWIMEFOREASY ACCESS TOEBOOKS & NOTES © +92-310-545-450-3 Css Aspirants ebooks & Notes hetpsi/m facebook.com/groups/458184410965870 Css Aspirants Forum Ree orn Rules ofthe group. *No irrelevant text/pic Islamic pie/videos *Na Smiley No Pm otherwise Removed + Blocked “Porat wo Mutual onset Consider harassnent Separate Group For Females with verfieation “The CSS Group doesnot had any ight on shared the Books & Notes Iimnot Responsible for Copyrights. This book/notes downloaded from the internet. Preface troll through any neighborhood today and your body sets in motion machines of every kind. Approach 4 building and the front door slides open. Enter an empty room and alight ficks on Jump up and down and 2 thermostat fires up the air conditioner to ‘compensate for the warming air around you. Roam at will and ‘motion-sensing surveillance cameras slowly turn to tack you. Day after day, these automatic letromechanical borers toil t dumb and dire jobs once done by people. At the fringe of our awareness, they control the world around us. At times they even dare to conte ws ‘Yet they are now so fila, so mundane, that we hardly notice. ‘But lately these dumb contraprions are getting lot smarter. Hints ‘ofa newly sentient world lurk everywhere. A wafli signal sprouts 3 stubby antenna and takes is cue from a remote command center. The ‘mila dal of your electric meter have morphed into electronically rendered digits, its ancient gear woeks supplanted by 4 powerfel microprocessor, Behind the lens ofthat surveillance camera lus a host in the machine, an algorithm inthe loud analyzing its field of view for suspicious fces. Bur what you can see i just the tp of an iceberg. The world is being kitted out with gadgets like these, whose‘porpows is unclear to he untrained eye, With an unin they si, scan, probe, and quer. "The od city of concrete, gs, and steel now conceals avast under ‘world of computes and software, Linked up via the Internet, these devices are being stitched together into a nervous system that sop pores the daily ives of billions in a wodld of huge and growing cities. Invsibly, they react cows, rearranging the material world ina fuery ‘of communigués. The dispatch packager, elevators and ambulances. ‘Yer, as hectic a8 this word of automation is becoming, it ha a Zen Tike quality too. There's a strange new ordet. Everything from traf to text messages seems 10 flow more smoothly, more effortlessly, ‘more in conta, “That machines now run the world on our behalf's not just tech= nological revolution, Iisa historic shit in how we build and manage cites. Not since the lying of water mains, sewage pipes, subway track, telephone lines, and electrical eables over a century ago have wwe insalled sech a vast and verti new infrastructure for con- rolling the physical word ‘This digital upgrade to our bile legacy is giving rise wo anew kind of city—a “smart” city. Smart cities are places where information technology i wielded to addres problems old and new. Inthe pa, buildings and infasructue shunted the flow of people and goods in gid, predetermined ways. But smart cities can adapt on the fy, by palling readings from vase arays of sensors, feeding that data into software that can see the big picture, nd taking action. They opt mize heating and cooling in buildings, balance the flow of letricty through the power grid, and keep transportation networks moving, Sometimes, these interventions on our behalf will go unnoticed by humans, behind the scenes within the wires and walls ofthe city. But ax other times, they'll get right in out face, to help us solve our shared problems by urging each of uso make choices forthe greter good of all An alert might ask ws to pull of the expresway to avert jam, oF tarn down the ar conditioner to avoid blackout. Al he while, they — _ will maintain a wigilant watch over our heath and sity, scanning for miscreans and microbes alike But the real Killer app for smart cites! new technologies is the sur= vival of our species. The coming century of urbanization is humanity's last atempe to have our cake and ext i t00, 0 double down on indus- ion, by redesigning the operating sytem ofthe last century to cope with the challenges ofthe coming one. Thats why mayor crest, ‘the globe are teaming wp with che giants ofthe technology industry. ‘These companies IBM, Cisco, Siemens, among othere—hive caied seductive pitch. The same technology that fueled the expansion of ‘lob business over the lst quarter-century can compute away local problems, they sy. If we ony lee them reprogram our cts, they can ‘make trafic a thing ofthe past. Let them replamb our infastructare and they will efcintly convey water and power to our Fingertips. ‘Resource shortages and climate change dont have to mean cutting ‘ack, Smart cies can simply use technology to do more with les, and ‘tame and green the chaos of booming cities. "Time wil be the judge ofthese audacious promises But you don't Ihave to take it siting down, Because this is the industrial revolu- ‘ion, tthe information evolion. You are no longer ust a cogin ‘vast machine. You are part ofthe mind of the smart city itself. And ‘hat gives you power to shape che fare ‘Look in your pocket, You already own a smart-city construction kit The democratisation of compating power that started with the PC inthe 1970s and leaped omto the Imernet in the 1990 is now spilling ou into the strects. You are an unwitting agent in his his toric migration. Stop for a second to behold the mirade of engine ing that these hand-held, networked computers represent—the typical CPU in a modem smartphone is ten times more powerful than the Cray-1 supercomputer installed at Los Alamos National Lab- craory in 1976, Today, more than 50 percent of American mobile ‘wers own a smartphone Countries all around the wodd have either already passed, o are fst approaching, the same tipping pointiv Prelice We are witnening the birth of a new civic movement, a the smartphone becomes platform for reinventing cities from the bor: tom up. Every dy, all across the globe, people ae solving les! prob lems using this increasingly cheap consumer technology. They are creating new apps that help us find our tind, find our way, get things done, or just have fun, And smarephones ae just the sttt— ‘open governient data, open-source hardware, and fee networks are powering designs for cite ofthe farure chat ar far smarter than any industry mainframe, And so, just a corporate engineers fan out f0 ‘redesign the innards ofthe world’s gret cites, thee finding a grass roots transformation already at work, People are building smart cities much at we builk the Web-—one ite, one app, and one click at time SMART CITIES ae