[18.22 Solved Problems W Example 4. Laser light of wavelength 640 nm incident on a pair of elite produces an interference pattern in which the bright fringes are separated by 7.2 mmm Calculate the wavelength of another source oflighe which producer interference fringes separate same arrangement by 8.1 mmusing ng a ond ommptet DA Solution, Fringe width B = J or B= A Bad ora, sa, ary @ Example 5. A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 800 nm and 600 nmis used to obtain the interference fringes in a Young's double slit experiment on a screen placed 1.4 m away, If the two slits are separated by 0.28 mm, calculate the least distance from the central bright maximum. where the bright fringes of the two wavelengths coincide. [CBSE 2012] 300 x 10-® m, A, = 600 x 10 m = 14m, d=028x10% m Letn,® maximum. corresponding to A, coincide with n,'" maximum corresponding to h., or 640 nm=720nm Solution, a ny, 80074 The minimum integral value of n, is 3 and that of n, isd * x14 x 800x10°° 028x107 =12mm miExnmple 6. In Young's double slit experiment, the maria iggat3 mm apart are illuminated by monockee. aes att of wavelength 450 nin. The sereen ie Loy away from the slits, dean gal the distance of the second (i) bright fringe, (0) dark fringe from the central maaimum en Tae et ee ill the fringe pattern change ifthe sereen (CBSE 2010, SET 1} 450 10 m. is moved away from the slits Solution. d= 0.15 x 19~ D=10m maxim Comprehensive PHYSICS (Va = (ii) Distance of nth a fringe from central Rin =Qan-) 35 10x 450 x 10-9 “2x 015x107 ™ 4.5% 10" m= 4.5 mm Di. (©) Fringe width, B= > =(2X2-1)x When the sereen is moved away from the slits, Dang hence increases. ¢ H Example 7. In a two slit experiment wig, monochromatic light, fringes are obtained on a scree placed at some distance from the slits. If the serees moved by 5 x 10 m towards the slits, the change i, fringe width is 3 x 10-° m If the distance between. the slits is 10° m, calculate the wavelength of light used, [CBSE 2006 S, Roorkee 1992 ; PSEB 2005 (similay)) Solution. =6x107x 10°A=6000A 4 @ Example 8. In Young's double slit experiment, monochromatic light. ‘of wavelength 630 nm illuminates the pair of slits and produces an interference pattern in which two consecutive bright fringes are ‘separated by 8.1 mm, Another source of monochromatic light Produces the interference pattern in which the two consecutive bright fringes are separated by 7.2 mm Find the wavelength of light from the second source. What is the effect on the interference fringes if the monochromatic source is replaced by a source of white light? [CBSE 2009] Solution. Position of the nth bright fringe is given’ nD Tq om the central bright fringe. The separation between two consecutive bright fringes ie 4D. d With A, = 630m, we have 412 — d 81mm fo the central bright fringe ea esof the fringes. Thus, ; ) to allow sufficien! ause enough from the twe slits does improve the brightnes practice, the two slits should be wide enougl light to pass through but narrow enough to ¢ diffraction from each slit to enable wavefronts slits to overlap and interfere. ment, what ts the Q. 85. In Young's double slit experin "ees ? ? 1 effect of the following operations on interference fri hr lits. TI , ‘he sli (i) The sereen is moved aray from the plane of t i) is y another (ii) The monochromatic source is replaced by monochromatic source of shorter wavelength + i i i ya source (ii) The monochromatic source is replaced by a 80} of white light. (iv) The width of the source slit is made wider. or (0) The separation between the tivo slits is increased. (i (vi) The distance between the source slit and the plane of the slits is increased. (vii) The width of each of the two slits is of the order of wavelength of light source. [NCERT Solved Example] [ISC Exam. 2000] or Fo (Ans. (i) Angular separation (- 4) of the fringes Th below poi remains constant. The fringe width increases in proportion to the distance of the screen from the plane of the two slits. a. coherent t (8I << J). nearly 4], (i) Fringe width decreases. The angular separation also decreases. (iti) Coloured fringes will be obtained. But the cent: of the pattern will be white, ve (iv) Overlapping of fringes will occur, The interfer An pattern will not be distinct, ence (v) Fringe width will decrease. The angular sey i mi also decreases. Paration, Q (vi) Overlapping of fringes will oce pattern will not be distinct. : Principle, , ‘ur. The interference ; An (vit) Diffraction effects wil] superimpose o. | Q. interference pattern, n the Principle, ¢ Q.86. Fig: 18.28 shows an experimental gp Sia to Young's double slit experiment to ahonws.- + UP similarWidth of 10 maxima = sn 0D 2 . ot wavelength of light und the sereen do not enter in the culeulution ofa ag? of < luminated by a length 700 nm at normal incidence. Caleulate the value of ‘a’ for position of i) first minimum at an angle of diffraction of 30° first maximum at an angle of diffraction of 30°, [CBSE 2009, 2007 S] Mf Example 2. A slit of width ‘a’ is il jonochromatic light of wavel Solution, (i) For first minimum, a a 700% 10° sin®, =~ op ge=—* = a 8 sin) sin 30° 14x 10% m (ii) For first maximum, 3 3 700 x10 sin6y’= 2% or 3 700 10° 2a “* Tein 67 =21x10%m M Example 3. Light of wavelength 5900 x 107 m Is normally on a slit of width 11.8 x 107 m. The sulting diffraction pattern is received on # screen. lculate the angular position of the first minimum. o find the angular width of the central maximum. [ISC Exam. 1997] 10 5900x110" 45 2esin 30) Solution. sin ®,= == i, 497 6, = 30° Angular width of central maximum = 99, =2%30°= 60° ¢ SAROGTIONANO POLARIGATON OF orp 7] M Example 4. Red light of wavelength 6500 A from 48 distant source falls on 1 slit 0.50 mm wide. Calculate the distance between the two dark bands on each side of central bright band of the diffraction pattern observed on a screen placed 1.8 m from the slit. [HSEB 2001 ; CBSE 1990 S] 6500 x 10"! m, a= 0.50 x 10~ m, D=18m Distunce between given two dark bands 18 6500 «107 0.50» 10% Example 5. The light of wavelength 600 nm is incident normally on a slit of width 3 mm. Caleulate the linear width of central maximum on a sereen kept 3 m away from the slit. [CBSE 2001} Solution. Linear width of central maximum 2D) _ 2x3 x600x 10% @ 3x10 Ml Example 6. Two wavelengths of sodium light 590 nm, 596 nmare used, in turn, to study the diffraction taking place at a single slit of aperture 2 x 10 m. The distance between the slit and the sereen is 1.5 m. Caleulate the separation between the positions of first maximum of the diffraction pattern obtained in the two [CBSE 2006 S} Solution. Separation between the first secondary ‘maximum in the two cuses is Solution, 68 mm << m=12mm < BDay 3 DA _ 3D (gay) 2a 2a % Bx Lb = 15 (596 x 10 590 x 10-*) 2x2%10% 3x15 x6 x 10% ee 10” = 6.75 10 m = 6.75 mm19.28 dia @ p Yes, this ratio would also equal g are oriented so 1} | | the (pass) axis of P | | caatopsorent ae; totic o Pi stem. B Comprehensive PHYSICS (Vol yy ee ees hept in frontol the polaroid sheet Py Biriod “ 2 Te as? l, ii) observer 0, is cos? 60° or 1 (iii) observer 0, is (i observer O, is 2 os! 6 : : cos? (90° 60°) or 2 8 mm VALUE BASED Q. 117. Shakeel Ahmed often thought as to how the glare is reduced in headlights of automobiles. He once talked to his maternal uncle Nadeem about this. Nadeem himself did not know anything about this. Nadeem went to a library and consulted many books. He could finally understand things. When he explained to Shakeel Ahmed the details, Shakeel Ahmed was very happy. Shakeel thanked his uncle Nadeem. (a) What according to you, displayed by Nadeem ? are the values (6) How glare is reduced in headlights of automobiles ? Ans. (a) Nadeem loves his nephew and is ready to“ran the extra mile’ for his nephew. } will to find out the details. ‘deem also showed strong (b) Polaroids are used in headlights of automobiles to reduce glare QUESTIONS m Q. 118. Simran acconywnied her mother to an optician to buy sunglasses. The shopkeeper skewed thema vast variety of sunglasses, The price varied from 8 fow hundred to few thousand. The shopkeeper could not satisfactorily explain the vast difference in the prices of various sunglasses. Simran’s mother Postponed the decision to buy sunglasses. Before buying sunglasses, Simran’s mother wanted to be sure that she gets the best for Simran. She went to different shops. talked to many people and finally bought polaroid sunglasses for Simran, Simran was very happy and she thanked her mother for the best bu: (a) What according to You, are the values displayed by Simran’s mother ? - " (6) What is special about polaroid sunglasses ? Ans. (a) Simran’s mother sh She also showed perfecticnist’ attit woman, She is very carefal in takin ‘owed investigative skills ide. She is a hurd.workine ne decisions we Polaroid sunslisses drustically reduce need glare.int after passin€ of lig! and P,. [= I, cos@ : i gle between the pass xe5 of P, § oe. ee, ane Grossed therefore ne angle betwee? the : + Tt ape (E60 |. So: the mre ass axes of P, and Ps will be (3 0| 0 will be { ) - 50) =1,cox'osin'® nsity of P light emerging from P; I= I, cos? 0 cos ) ie 2 (b (4 sin? 6 cos” 8) = Jo sin? 28 4 a : ed intensity will be maximum Clearly, the transmit! A when 6=7- 4 UG 126. Show that central maximum is twice a6 wide as the other maxima and the pattern becomes narrower as the width of the slit is increased. [CBSE 2006 s] Answer. Directions of different minima in the diffraction pattern are given by Xn D Alo 277 oe 2 ee d er: D Width ofa secondary maximum, nDa_(n- WDA _ DA Bs, : Width of central aoe ao 201. By q 7 2B. Thus the cent q second: 5 ral maximum is tw seondary masini le y