oe Ue aL Ce CL ASSESSMENTS FOR SCHOOLS 2008 DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL INSTRUCTED. STUDENT'S NAME: Read the instructions on the ANSWER SHEET and fill in your NAME, SCHOOL and OTHER INFORMATION. Use a 28 or B pencil. Do NOT use a pen. JUST record your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Mark only ONE answer for each question, Your score will be the number of correct answers. tucted for incorrect. ‘There are 45 MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS (1-45). Use the information provided to choose the BEST answer from the four possible options. Dae coe cel eg n your ANSWER: iin te ov iches elm eit eel elt aed On vee eee See ee your answer. Sma ——— - You may use @ calculator and a ruler.1. The photograph shows three different rocks. Pp Q R ‘The rocks are ordered from P to R. What does the order show? (A) increasing length (8) increasing angularity (C) increasing roundness (D) increasing particle size 2. The photograph shows four shells at their actual size, w mm Y z What is the length of the longest shell? (®) 22mm (8) 27mm (©) 32mm (0) 34mm 3. The table lists information about five plastics. Polyester PET _| transparent; tough: resists moisture and gas High Density Polyethylene HDPE_| translucent; tough: resists moisture, chemicals and gas i Polyvinyl Chloride: Pvc __| transparent; tough; resists grease, oil and chemicals Low Density Polyethylene LDPE | transparent; tough; resists moisture; flexible [ Polypropylene PP __| transparent; tough; resists grease, oil, chemicals and heat Which property of HDPE distinguishes it from the other four plastics? (A) flexibility (8) translucence (C) resistance to moisture {D) resistance to grease and oil 2008 CAS Scena Paper OEM, 24. The graphs show the proportions of protein, carbohydrate, fat and water in milk from different mammals. Cow Human protein protein fat fat carbohydrate carbohydrate water | water Mouse Whale protein protein aifat iat carbohydrate carbohydrate water water Which mammal produces mik with the highest proportion of fat? (A) cow (8) human (©) mouse (0) whale 5. Mary took some photographs as a wave broke on a rocky shore. Which option lists the photographs in the order in which they were most likely taken? A) YxZW @® %2%W ©) W,X,%Z 0) WwZyx6. The photographs show Earth and its moon at the same scale. Compared to that of the moon, Earth's diameter is (A) 2.5times larger. @) — 3times larger. (C) 3.5times larger. (0) 4times larger. 7. In part, milk is a mixture of fat and water. When cooled and left to stand, fat globules in raw milk rise to form a cream layer. Homogenisation is the process of breaking up the fat globules to such a small size that they remain suspended evenly in the milk rather than separating out and floating to the surface. ‘The diagram shows fat globule formations in three samples of milk Milk x. Milk Milk Z Which option places the diagrams in the order: raw milk, raw milk cooled and left to stand, and homogenised milk? @ XYZ ®) XZY ©) Z2xY (0) ZY,x {ORCAS Scare Paper BEAK 4For questions 8 and 9 use the information below. ‘There are three types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. ‘The diagram shows the processes by which each type of rock is created and gives examples of each rock type. Igneous rock heating uojeiuawed ue uongeduioo Metamorphic rock €®@ @ —e—_—e Y —@ a.% * sandstone and conglomerate weathering and erosion ‘Metamorphic rock can become igneous rock through a process of (A) heating only. (8) weathering and erosion. (C) heat and pressure. (0) heating and cooling | ‘An example of sedimentary rock is (A) schist. (B) granite. (C) magma. (0) conglomerate. 5 2008 1S Scrcs Paper SEAN10. The drawings show four different kinds of spiders. kal spider? The spider's mouthparts Goto2 mouthparts mouthparts are rounded. The spider's mouthparts, Goto3 / are pointed. 2 Ee “The two main pars of the jumping spider spider's body are different sizes. ‘The two main pars of the ‘santa alae spider's body are similar in size. | house spider mouthparts mouthparts The spider's legs are similar | wolf spider in length to its body, The spider's legs are longer | orb-weaving than its body. spider Using the drawings and the key, what is the name of spider 4? (A) jumping spider (8) house spider (C) wolf spider (0) orb-weaving spider 11. Sophie is measuring the weight of four objects (W, X, Y, Z) with spring scales. Which object has the greatest weight? (A) WwW (B) Xx () Y (0) Z ‘20 1CAS Scare Paper DEAR12. The diagrams show two different types of insects belonging to the same group, Odonata, The two insects are shown as they appear when resting dragonfly damsetfly Which feature would be most useful when distinguishing between these two types of insects? (A) the number of legs (8) the number of wings (C) the wing shape when resting (0) the length of the head and body For questions 13 and 14 use the information below. ‘The purity of gold is given as carats (ct). 24ct gold is 100% gold. Gold alloys are combinations of 24ct gold and other metals. Gold jewellery is made from gold alloys to strengthen it and to vary its colour. ‘The table gives the composition by weight of the metals in some gold alloys. ‘ot white 375 : 40 12 10.5 “Bct white 75 = 5 5 15 ‘Sct yellow 37 2 20 1 = 18ct yellow 75 125 125 5 = Sct pink 375 20 425 = 5 Sct red 375 TS 55, = : Pure, 24ct gold is yellow. Copper is a reddish colour. White gold alloy is a silver-grey colour. 13. Which metal is most likely to be responsible for the silver-grey colour of white gold alloy? (A) Gold (8) Silver (©) Nickel (0) Copper 14, The table gives the melting point (in °C) of some metals used to make gold alloys, ing point 1064 962 1083 420 1450 ‘Assuming that each metal in the alloy mixture must be in a liquid state to be combined, which gold alloy would reach the highest temperature during its formation? (A) white (8) yellow (C) pink (0) red is 2008 1CASSsence Paper EO EAA15. Metals are dense. They are usually ductile and they conduct electricity Non-metals are less dense. They are not ductile and they usually do not conduct electricity ‘The table gives information about some substances. tungsten 3.410 bluish-grey | more dense thenium 3180 ‘reyish-white [ more dense yes yes ‘graphite 3652 dark grey | less dense yes no. copper 1.083 reddish | more dense yes yes ‘Which of these substances is most ikely 2 non-metal? (A) copper (8) graphite (C) rhenium (0) tungsten 16. Afood web shows how energy passes from one organism to another. ‘+ Aproduceris an organism, usually a plant, that captures energy from the Sun through photosynthesis. A primary consumer is an animal that obtains energy by eating plants. A secondary consumer is an animal that obtains energy by eating primary consumers. The diagram shows a food web in a wetlands ecosystem. lizard wading bird pelican fon st dragonfly ——> frog ———> fish water bug butterfly —> duck <—water snail oa water plant KEY A—>B energy is transferred from Ato B Which organism is both a primary and a secondary consumer in this ecosystem? (A) butterfly (8) duck (C) frog (0) wading bird ‘208 1CAS Sore Paget EOEAA 817. Temperature may be measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or in degrees Fahrenheit (°F). The photograph below shows a thermometer with both scales. According to the scales, what would be the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (*F) when the temperature is o°c? (Aa) -18 (8) 26 (c) 32 (2) 70 18. The diagram shows some similarities and differences between animals. | Animal | ST | ‘ectotherm (‘cold-blooded’) —_endotherm (‘warm-blooded’) produces milk to nourish its young after birth has feathers | lays eggs ives birth to live young MONOTREME [ carries immature young young nourished by ina pouch after birth placenta before birth | MARSUPIAL PLACENTAL MAMMAL. ‘An echidna is a monotreme. A cat is a placental mammal. From the diagram, what do an echidna and a cat have in common? They both (A) lay eggs. (8) produce milk. (C) _ have pouches. (0) give birth to live young, 9 2008 1CAS Since Paper E@ EAA19. One astronomical unit (AU) is the average distance from Earth to the Sun, a distance of, 150 million kilometres. The table gives distances from Earth to some planets at a given time. ‘Mercury 0.68 Venus 1.35 Mars 2.15 Jupiter: 4.25 Saturn’ 8.50 ‘According to the information from this table, at this time (A) Mars was closer to Earth than Venus was. (8) Mars was closer to the Sun than Venus was. (C) Mercury was the closest planet to Earth. (0) Satu was twice as far from the Sun as Jupiter. 20. Refractory bricks are used to line furnaces. ‘The graph shows the relationship between the chemical composition of some types of refractory bricks and the temperature these bricks are able to withstand, 100% Percentage of aluminium oxide in the brick g Increasing temperature ‘According to the graph, (A) abrick composed of 50% silicon dioxide and 50% aluminium oxide can withstand the highest temperatures. | (8) the smaller the percentage of silicon dioxide in a brick, the lower the temperature the brick can withstand. (C) the higher the percentage of aluminium oxide in a brick, the higher the temperature the brick can withstand. (D) there is no relationship between a brick’s chemical composition and the temperature it can withstand. ‘08 1AS Sone Paper OEAA 1021. ‘The Richter scale is used to describe the magnitude of earthquakes. micro greatest earthquake earthquake Richter = 94 2) 29,3) ras 6) tO.) Tae Bee SOs 10. magnitude ‘An increase of one in magnitude represents a tenfold increase in the distance the ground is displaced by the motion of an earthquake wave passing through an area. For example, magnitude 7 on the Richter scale icates an earthquake with ground displacement 10 times larger than that produced by a magnitude 6 earthquake. How many times further would the ground be displaced by a magnitude 6 earthquake than it would be by a ‘magnitude 3 earthquake? (a) 3 times (8) 10 times ©) 30 times (0) 1000 times ‘The formula shows the relationship between density, mass and volume. density = volume ‘The table shows the density of ice and liquid water. ice 917 liquid 4000 Kate poured some liquid water into a container and marked the water level. container marked water level ‘ water Kate then put the container into a freezer which tured the liquid water into ice. Which diagram correctly shows the container after all of the water has turned into ice? (A) (8) (Cc) (©) tal bea ED " 108 1S Sine Paper EO EAA23. John tested four metals in his laboratory. He found that all of them had low resistance, that is, they allowed electric current to flow easily through them. From this result it can be concluded that (A) all metals have low resistance. (8) some metals have low resistance. (C) all metals have low resistance and all non-metals have high resistance. (0) some metals have low resistance and some metals have high resistance. 24. The diagram summarises the processes that regulate glucose levels in the blood of humans. ae = as According to the information, which of the following will not cause high levels of glucose? (A) destruction of insulin (8) destruction of beta cells (C) cells not responding to insulin (0) cells not responding to glucagon 2008 CAS Seance Paper EO EAA 1225. Aight globe will glow when itis part of a closed circuit containing a battery to provide a supply of electricity. In which cirouit(s) will the light globe glow? circuit 1 circuit 2 pee L fh ma \ batiery (A) incircuit 1 only (©) _incircuit 2 only (C) in both circuits (©) inneither circuit 26. Laura recorded the flight time and Laura then plotted her results on the graph below. height of a toy rocket. Her results are shown in the table. ‘Which option shows the results of Laura’s experiment? 35 ri i ® 10 (c) 18 (D) 24 28 30 28 24 18 10 10 o g Height above ground (m) ele|~)o) a) s/|r|-/o 13 2008 1CAS sconce Paper EO EAA27. Michelle's mother asked her to tip out the cold tea from the tea pot into some pot plants, saying that the tea leaves would be good for the piants. Michelle was surprised and decided to conduct an experiment to test whether tea leaves were good for plant growth. How should she carry out her experiment? (A) She should grow identical plants with and without tea leaves. (8) She should grow three different types of plants with tea leaves. (C) She should grow identical plants with different brands of tea leaves. (D) She should grow identical plants with one, two and three teaspoonfuls of tea leaves. 28. Solar calls change light energy to electrical energy. Solar cells work best when directly facing the Sun. ‘The diagram shows the path of the Sun through the sky at different times as observed from a certain place in the Southern Hemisphere. KEY Sun's path Dec 22nd Sun's path March 22nd and September 22nd Sun's path June 22nd ‘observer's horizon ‘Sun's position at noon observer's position ‘The observer placed a solar cell in a fixed position that would yield the most electrical energy throughout the year. What was the orientation of the fixed solar cell? (A) facing directly upward (8) facing east, and at an angle of 45 degrees to the observer's horizon (C) facing north, and at an angle of 45 degrees to the observer's horizon (D) facing west, and at an angle of 45 degrees to the observer's horizon 20081CA8 Seance Paper EO EAA 1429. Jacob drew the apparatus he used in an experiment to produce carbon dioxide gas. glass tubing rubber cork rubber tubing flask retort stand bubbles of carbon dioxide clamp vinegar marble chips. gauze mat test tube limewater tripod stand bunsen bumer The equipment as shown presents a serious danger. What is it? (A) The liquid can boil over. {B) The glass tubing might melt. (C) The rubber tubing might catch fre. (0) The vapour from the boiling liquid will produce a high pressure. 30. Alex performed an experiment to determine if the passage of fire through a park made infestation with blackberries more likely. Alex selected six plots of land (three bumt and three unburnt) in a park. She ‘marked out four quadrats (squares) in each plot of land and counted the number of blackberries in each quadrat. The graph shows Alex’s results. 5 600 B @ 500 28 00 | 22 300 | ii 5% 100 £ z 0 Bunt ping Unburt To make this a fair experiment, Alex has to (A) _use quadrats of the same size to count blackberries. (8) count blackberries in as many burnt and unbumt plots as possible. (C) introduce plants that would compete with blackberries in burt and unbumt plots, (D) _ ensure that the growth of blackberries is supported in burnt plots by adding fertiliser when required. 1534 Rebecca had the following equipment. Plastic bottle jug with water wooden board wooden blocks tape measure notepad and pen (§ Pme--~ Which question cannot be answered using only the listed equipment? (A) “Does the type of bottle affect how far it will rol?” (8) “Does the amount of water in the bottle affect how far it wil roll?” (C) “Does the steepness of the ramp affect how far the bottle will rol?” (0) “Does the wooden board break when supporting a full bottle of water?” 32, ‘Alex investigated which conditions are best suited for mould growth. He cut a piece of bread into four {quarters and put each quarter onto a different plate. He placed the plates in the open air for an hour, so that mould spores could fall on all four pieces of bread. Then he treated each piece of bread as follows: Plate 1: He covered the bread with a clear plastic lid. The lid stood on four small cubes to let air in, but at the same time stopped any more spores landing on the bread, Plate 2: He dampened the bread with cool water and covered it the same way as piate 1. Plate 3: He wrapped the bread in plastic film so that no air could get in. Plate 4: He dampened the bread with cool water, then wrapped it in plastic film so that no air could get in. Plate 2 plastic lid Plate 1 plastic lid Plate 3 Plate 4 plastic film y film What can Alex find out from this test? (A) He can only find out whether mould needs air to grow. (8) He -can only find out whether mould needs water to grow. (C) He can find out whether mould needs air and water to grow. (0) He can find out whether mould needs air, water and light to grow. IAS Scere Paper CEMA 1633, For questions 33 and 34 use the information below. Mark investigated the friction force between a stone block and different surfaces. ‘Mark knew that if you put a solid block on a ramp and start to tit the ramp upward, the block will be held in place on the ramp by a friction force. As the ramp angle becomes larger, there is a point where the friction force can no longer hold the block in place and the block will start to move. ‘The friction force is affected by both the surface of the ramp and the surface of the block. The rougher the surfaces the greater the friction force between the ramp and the block. Mark used a fence paling as a ramp. The paling provided a wooden surface. He made the other ramp surfaces by wrapping materials around the paling where it came into contact with the stone biock. For each ramp surface, he marked the wooden post at the ramp angle where the stone block began to move. His equipment and markings on the wooden post for each type of material are shown below. wooden post ‘wood foil plastic wrap stone block contact surfaces wooden fence paling non-stick ‘cooking paper ramp angle ‘What conclusion can be correctly drawn from these observations? (A) The friction force between a ramp and an object on the ramp is greater when the ramp angle is smaller. (8) The longer the wooden post, the greater the friction force between the ramp and the object on the ramp. (C) The stone block moves more quickly over fol than over plastic wrap. (0) Non-stick cooking paper has a smoother surface than foil Mark also wanted to investigate which two contact surfaces would produce the greatest friction force between them, Based on the information above, between which surfaces would the friction force be the greatest? (A) __ between non-stick cooking paper and wood (B) _ between plastic wrap and plastic wrap (C) between foil and plastic wrap (D) between wood and wood 7 2008108 Sica Paper E@ EAA36. The South Celestial Pole is a position in the sky directly above the South Pole. When you look towards the ‘south from southern Australia at night, the stars appear to revolve around the South Celestial Pole. ‘The Southern Cross and the Pointers are two well-known groups of stars visible in the southern sky. ‘The diagram shows the positions of these groups at 7 pm at X1 and Y1, and again at 3. am on the same night at X2 and Y2. Four possible positions of the South Celestial Pole are also shown. Which option shows the correct position of the South Celestial Pole? “a oP ®) (c) oR 0 s 36. When substances do not mix together, a less dense substance will float on a denser substance. ‘Substances A, B, C and D do not mix together. Their relative densities are shown, sencest ea last dense A B c D ‘The diagrams show these substances combined in different ways. Which substance is yellow? (A) substance A (8) substance B (C) substance C (0) substance D 260 CAS Scere apm EOEAA 1837 ‘Some students were curious about whether there is a link between the colour of their own eyes and the colour of their parents’ and grandparents’ eyes. They surveyed their parents and grandparents to find out their eye colours. They found that there were three main eye colours: brown (br), green (gr) and bive (bl). brown (br) green (gr) ‘The chart shows the data they gathered. blue (bl) Chart of ‘colour KEY ‘Student| Grandparent _| Parent [Student t[m[t[m|f[m . 7 _[Lor [br [br [br [gr] br [br Ce 2 [el] gr [or [or | gr br | — or 3_[forlarlortor| orf br | or 4_[or{or [er [or | bi fot | br [oer [oar | orf br | bt 6 | brfar | br far | bel br | — br 7 [br [br | bt br br] br | gr | br[br | br[ br] br] or| or 9 [orl er | orl bt | orl er| or 70__[orfar [orf or| bi] bbl What is an appropriate conclusion from these results? ‘The students have the same colour eyes as (A) (8) (c) (2) their mothers. their parents, if both parents have blue eyes. their parents, if both parents have the same eye colour. their grandparents, if all of the grandparents have the same eye colour. 38, ‘Australian salt water crocodiles lay an average of fity eggs once a year in the wet season. ‘The table gives information about the survival rate of salt water crocodiles in Australia at each stage of their life during their first five years. Hatchling from eggs 1 year old 2 years old 3 years old 4 years old 5 years old alglajsjas Approximately how many crocodiles need to lay the average number of eggs for just one of their offspring to reach 5 years old? (a) 3 (8) (C) 133 (0) 748 19 2108 10AS Seca Paper EEAFor questions 39 and 40 use the information below. Seismographs are instruments that record earthquakes. A seismogram is the recording made by a selsmograph. Three types of seismic waves are shown on a seismogram: * primary waves (P-waves) which travel quickest through the earth secondary waves (S-waves) which are slower moving and have a greater amplitude + surface waves. 39. Aseismogram is shown below, faire § g Be a _ surface waves E l I Re ot 4 pT 0 10 20 30 Time (seconds) The amplitude of an earthquake wave is the distance the ground is displaced by the motion of an earthquake passing through it. How long after the arrival of the P-wave did the S-wave arrive, and what was the maximum displacement of the earth at the site where the seismogram of this earthquake event was recorded? @), 23 14 | ®) 23 16 | © 24 16 | (0) 24 14 ‘AO ICAS Scere Paper EDEMA 2040. ‘The epicentre of an earthquake is the point on the surface of the Earth that is directly above the underground point where an earthquake originates. Scientists can calculate the distance to the epicentre of ‘an earthquake using seismograms, but cannot determine the direction from which the wave came. The map below shows four locations W, X,Y, Z. The table lists distances from the four locations to an epicentre. Seismogram location Ww x Y = Distance (km) not recorded 150 700 200 ‘Where is the epicentre of this earthquake oA ® 8 (Cli gee © 0 44 ‘Asolid object placed in water displaces a volume of water that is equal to the object’s volume. ‘The relationship between density, mass and volume is shown below. density = mass + volume Fred placed four different solid balls into jars containing 1 litre (L) of water had a mass of 1 kilogram (kg). The drawings show what Fred observed. Which jar contains a ball wth a density of 2 kg/L? (A) (8) (c) (0) Es se ai oe 24 2008 CAS Sconce Paper © EMAFor questions 42 and 43 use the information below. The diagram shows how 1.6 V batteries can be connected to produce different total voltages. connected in parallel dry cell battery connected in series aa total voltage wire conductor total voltage 42. What can be concluded from this diagram? (A) Connecting 1.5 V batteries in series produces a total voltage of 1.5 V. (8) Connecting two 1.5 V batteries in parallel produces double the total voltage produced when connecting them in series, (C) Connecting two 1.5 V batteries in series produces a total voltage equal to the sum of the voltages of the batteries. (0) Connecting 1.5 V batteries in parallel produces a greater total voltage than the voltage produced when connecting the same number of batteries in series. 43. The photograph shows the opened battery cover of a digital camera. One end of four 1.5 V batteries and the ‘two metal conductors on the cover are visible. The batteries are numbered 1 to 4. digital camera dry cell battery camera body ‘metal conductor hinged battery cover For the battery calls to produce a total voltage of 6 V when the battery cover is closed, which cells could be connected together by a metal conductor at the other end? (A) cells 4 and 2 or cells 3 and 4 (8) cells 2 and 3 or cells 4 and 1 (C) cells 4 and 3 only (0) cells 2 and 4 only OBA Scans Paper OEM 2244, The diagrams show four belt drive systems. Pulley X rotates at the same speed in each system. In which system is pulley Y rotating the fastest? pulley axle x{ x| v © + 45. The diagram shows four cars (Q, R, S, T) travelling along a highway. Car S is moving west at 22 mis. The speed of car S is given relative to the stationary observer at X on the bridge over the highway. The speeds of the cars Q, R and T are given relative to an observer in car S. ‘Sms What is the speed (m/s) and direction of cars Q and T relative to the stationary observer at X? (A) 55 east 27 west ®) ‘east ‘17 west © 55 east 17 west () ‘Teast 27 west 23 20031CAS Scence Paper GEARACKNOWLEDGMENT ‘opyright in this booklet is owned by Educational Assessment Australia, UNSW Global Pty Limited unless otherwise indicated. Every effort has been made to trace and acknowledge copyright for materials used. Educational Assessment Australia apologises for any accidental infringement and welcomes information to redress the situation. SOURCES Question 6 University of Lisbon. Earth image provided courtesy of NASA. Question 28 Diagram constructed with the assistance of Educational Sun Applets from The Australian National University website. Used with permission by Professor Andres Cuevas. ~ age tRel RT Ray em as CTS VIER ad EN ae Lea eA es ae ee eD ea mola Renee aaa] Racer aa Baa tik) Mana i eer et aes