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7/22/2019 Design Speciﬁcation of Hoist for Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
ICS 27.140
P 59
File No.: 210-2002
DL
PROFESSIONAL STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
中华人民共和国行业标准
DL/T 5167-2002
Design Specifications for Gate Hoist in Hydropower

and Water Resources Projects
水电水利工程启闭机设计规范
Issued on September 16, 2002 Implemented on December 1, 2002
Issued by: National Economic and Trade Commission of China
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Contents
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................3
1. Scope ..............................................................................................................................................5
2. Normative Reference......................................................................................................................6
3. Basic Symbols................................................................................................................................7
4. General Provisions..........................................................................................................................8
5. Design Principle and Requirements ...............................................................................................9
6. Load..............................................................................................................................................18
8. Mechanism ...................................................................................................................................25
9. Structure .......................................................................................................................................40
10. Electrics ......................................................................................................................................58
Annex A (Informative Annex) Hoisting Force, Lift Head, Span and Speed Series of Gate
Hoist Date and Example of Working Class of Gate Hoist................................................................63
Annex B (Informative) Recommended Values of Acceleration (Deceleration) of Running
Mechanism and Corresponding Acceleration (Deceleration) Time..................................................65
Annex C (Informative) Calculation Method of Horizontal Lateral Force P s during Oblique
Running of Gate Hoist......................................................................................................................66
Annex D (Informative) Calculation Data of Wind Load..................................................................67
Annex E (Informative) Permissible Physical Quantity of Commonly-used Friction Surface
Material ............................................................................................................................................70
(Informative) ....................................................................................................................................71
Friction Coefficient and Efficiency ..................................................................................................71
Annex G (Informative) Relevant Calculation Data of Parts and Track............................................73
Annex H (Informative) Calculation Data for the Hydraulic Gate Hoist...........................................89
Annex J (Informative) Materials for Calculating Stability of Two-way or One-way Bending
Members.........................................................................................................................................106
Annex K (Informative Annex) Overload check of motor...............................................................121
Annex L (Informative Annex) Heating inspection of winding-type asynchronous motor ............. 123
Annex M (Informative Annex) The allowable output capability (P) of YZR series
electromotor under different load duration factor (FC value) and under different CZ values
(the average startup multiples K= 1.7) ...........................................................................................125
Annex N (Informative Annex) The electromotor of gate hoist mechanism FC, CZ and G
values in the capacity selection calculation....................................................................................130
Annex P (informative annex) Current-carrying capacity of conducting wire ................................ 132
Annex Q (informative annex) Explanations on the text description in these Specifications.......... 136
Foreword
This standard contains amendments to the hydraulic hoist content of SL 41-1993
Hydraulic and Hydropower Project Specification for Design of Gate Hoist according
to Notice
1997, andontheProject of Establishment
amendment and Amendment
format complies of Power
with requirements Industry
of Basic Standardfor
Regulation in
Compilation of Power Industry Standard (DL/T 600-2001).
This standard fully reflects new experiences on design, manufacture, installation
and operation of large and medium gate hoist of hydropower and water resource
projects over the last decade, on basis of comprehensive survey, conclusion and
research. Amendment and implementation of this standard may establish a new and
uniform design standard for the industry and further improve industrial design level.
Opinions were asked on the amendment content of this standard from relevant units in
written form in October 1998. Standard amendment working conference was held in
Zhengzhou city, Henan Province, in November 1999, and principle, method and task
were determined on the conference. The first exposure draft of Design Specifications
for Gate Hoist in Hydropower and Water Resources Projects was issued in April, 2000,
and was discussed and amended on Changzhou Conference. Then it was issued again
in May, 2000, for more than 50 design institute, factory, college and research institute
of hydropower and water resource system, to give their opinions. In April, 2001, first
draft for approval was worked out, forming formal draft for approval after discussion
and supplement made on Chengdu conference. Examination of the draft standard for
examination was carried out on Hangzhou conference in December, 2001, forming
draft standard for approval after amendment.
Revision involves 18 articles of the hydraulic gate hoist part of original standard,
and 2 articles of the 18 are cancelled, 4 articles are added, and 14 articles are
supplemented. After revision, hydraulic gate hoist part totally contains 20 articles and
36 clauses, and over 90% of original articles are revised. Also, revisions are made to
relevant articles of hydraulic gate hoist part, or to relevant original parts that are
obviously out of date, these revisions involve 12 articles.
The revision practically summarizes and absorbs experiences on fast
development of hydraulic gate hoist over last decade in China, so as to enrich content
of the standard. For instance, it is summarized that malfunctions happened in
operation of hydraulic gate hoist are caused by contamination of hydraulic oil. So
measures to prevent hydraulic oil from pollution are put forth and series new
requirements of cleanness of hydraulic oil, oil filtration, cleaning of oil pipe, as well
as material of oil pipe and oil tank are definitely prescribed. And it is prescribed that
crest spillway radial gate double drum hydraulic hoist shall adopt relevant
synchronous measures according to concrete conditions. In order to strengthen
systematicness and integrality of articles, merges and adjustment are made among
articles involving the same content but being dispersed in different articles, such as
content of oil tube is concentrated in clause 8.4.7.
Appendixes attached thereto are informative appendixes.
This standard is proposed by and under the jurisdiction of Power Industry
Hydropower Plant Metallic Structure and Gate Hoist Technical Committee of
Standardization.
This Standard is compiled by Northwest Hydroelectric Investigation & Design
Institute, State Power Company; Chengdu Hydroelectric Investigation & Design
Institute, StateProject;
Hydroelectric Powerand Company; Mid-south
Jiangsu wujin Design
Hydraulic and
Hoist Co.,Research
Ltd. ThisInstitute
standardfor
is
drafted by: Chen Wenhong, Zhao Fuxin, Liao Yongping, Gong Jianxin and Guo
Xihong
First issue of this Standard is promulgated on October 1, 1993.
1. Scope
This specification specifies design principle, load, material and mechanism of
gate hoist of hydropower projects.
adoptThis standard
electric drive is
to applicable to fixed
open and close gategate
and hoist and mobile
trash rack gate hoist
in hydropower that mainly
project. Fixed
gate hoist includes different types, such as winding type, screw-rod type, hydraulic
hoist and chain-type, and mobile gate hoist includes portal hoist, trolley hoist and
bridge hoist.
2. Normative Reference
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text,
composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments
(excepting corrigenda
apply. Parties content)
to agreements to,on
based or this
revisions of, are
standard anyencouraged
of these publications do not
to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 116 Specifications for Rivet
GB/T 699 Quality Carbon Structure Steel
GB/T 700 Carbon Structural Steels
GB/T 985 Basic Forms and Sizes of Weld Grooves for Gas Welding Manual Arc
Welding and Gas-shielded Arc Welding
GB/T986 Basic Forms and Sizes of Weld Grooves for Submerged Arc Welding
GB/T 117 Specification for Cast Copper Alloys
GB/T 1231 Specifications of High Strength Bolts with Large Hexagon Head,
Large Hexagon Nuts and Plain Washers for Steel Structures
GB/T 1348 Spheroidal Graphite Iron Castings
GB/T 3077 Alloy Structure Steels
GB/T 3098.1 Mechanical Properties of Fasteners - Bolts, Screws and Studs
GB/T 3098.2 Mechanical Properties of Fasteners: Nuts - Coarse Thread
GB/T 3098.3 Mechanical Properties of Fasteners - Set Screws
GB/T 3098.4 Mechanical properties of fasteners-Nuts-Fine pitch thread
GB/T 3098.6 Mechanical properties of fasteners-Bolts, screws and studs made of
stainless-steel
GB/T 3633 Technical requirement for sets of torshear type high strength bolt
hexagon nut and plain washer for steel structures
GB/T 5117 Carbon steel covered electrodes
GB/T 5118 Low alloy steel covered electrodes
GB/T 9439 Grey iron castings
GB/T 11352 Carbon steel castings for general engineering purposes
GB/T 13098 Ethylene oxide for industrial use
GB/T 14039 Hydraulic fluid power-Fluids-Method for coding level of
contamination by solid particles
JB/ZQ 4297 Alloy Casting Steel
JB/ZQ 4295 Stainless Steel, Acidproof, Heat-resisting Forging Steel
ISO 4406 Hydraulic fluid power -- Fluids -- Method for coding the level of
NAS 1638 Hydraulic fluid power -- Fluids -- Method for coding the level of
3. Basic Symbols
M refers to bend diameter or torque;
N refers to axial force;
P
Q refers
refers to
toapplied
shearingload;
force;
P refers to working pressure;
qv refers to flow quantity;
E refers to elastic modulus of steel;
G refers to shearing modulus of steel;
σ refers to positive stress;
τ refers to shear stress;
σs refers to yield strength;
σ b refers to tensile strength;
A refers to area;
l or L refers to span or length;
h or H refers to height;
I refers to moment of inertia;
W refers to resistance moment;
d or D refers to diameter;
R refers to radius;
λ refers to slenderness ratio;
δ refers to thickness;
i refers to transmission ratio;
v refers to velocity;
n refers to coefficient or rotate speed;
4. General Provisions
4.0.1 This standard is the necessary regulation and technical basis of type selection,
arrangement, design and calculation of gate hoist. Where discrepancies are found
between this standard

4.0.2 Except hydraulicwith
gateother relevant
hoist, design
working classstandard, this standard
of gate hoist will is
mechanism prevail.
divided
into 4 classes according to their design service life and load status (see Table 4.0.2).
Working class of the main hoisting mechanism is just the working class of the gate
hoist. For examples of working classes of gate hoist, see Appendix A.
Table 4.0.2 Working Classes of Mechanism

Working Design Service
Load Status
Class Life (h)
Q1-light 800 Be not infrequently used, and not often used to
Q2-light 1600 hoist rated load
Sometimes to hoist rated load, but medium load
Q3-medium 3200
is usually hoist.
Q4-heavy 6300 Be frequently used to hoist rated load.
4.0.3 Design Data

Data needed to design gate hoist shall include the followings:
1. Requirements of hoisting mode, water-refilling mode, water-discharging,
local-hoisting and hoisting and travel speed of hydropower and water resource main
gate operation;
2. Sizes of gate flap and gate slot, allowable sizes of relevant arrangement, and
relevant sizes and requirements of connection between gate and gate hoist.
3. Electric control mode and interface requirements;
4. Hydrology, weather, mud, sand and water quality;
5. Load data;
6. Relevant conditions of manufacturing, transportation and installation;
7. Earthquake and other special requirements;
8. Requirements of dynamic power and control power supply.
4.0.4 For selection of hoisting force, lift head, span and speed, see Appendix A.
4.0.5 Gate hoist shall be equipped with relevant safety devices, such as brake, load
limiting device, moment limiting device, upper and lower caging device, travel limiter,
buffer, wind-prevention rail clamping device, anchorage, hydraulic system protection
and electric protection device.
4.0.6 Gate hoist shall adopt protective measures, such as moisture-proof, ventilation,
corrosion-proof and weather proof.
4.0.7 Generally, fatigue strength of structural components of hoisting equipments is
not calculated.
4.0.8 Disassembly size and weight of gate hoist shall comply with transportation
provisions, and transportation unit shall have necessary rigidity.
5. Design Principle and Requirements

5.1 General Provisions
5.1.1 Design of gate hoist must satisfy relevant requirements, such as advanced
technology, reliable operation,

harmonized landscape, economic
labor security feasibility,protection.
and environmental convenient maintenance,
5.1.2 Type of gate hoist shall be selected according to hydraulic arrangement, door
type, number of hole, operation and time requirement after comprehensive technical
and economic research. In selection of gate hoist for gates having different usages, the
following principles can be followed:
1. Generally, gate hoist of water release system main gate adopts
one-door-one-machine arrangement, but if gate operation and hoisting limitation allow,
mobile gate hoist can be adopted.
2. Gate hoist of multi-hole water release system usually use mobile gate hoist.
3. For gate hoist of hole-sealing gate used for diversion during construction, the
hoisting force shall satisfy the requirement that gate is hoisted under certain delivery
head, and accurate lifting indication device.
4. Gate hoist of tide gate and working water gate adopt one-gate-one-machine
arrangement.
5. Type of gate hoist used to control fast gate at water inlet of power plant and outlet
of pump plant shall adopt hydraulic or winding type fast gate hoist through
comprehensive technical and economic comparison according to engineering
arrangement, gate load during hoisting and lift head. The control power supply that
can fast shut circuit off shall be set according to power-losing conditions of AC power
supply of power plant.
6. When maintenance gate is set at water inlet of multiunit power plant, mobile gate
hoist is usually adopted, and maintenance gate hoist of flood system and water release
system shall be considered where conditions are allowed.
7. For gate hoist of multi-hole trash rack at water inlet of unit, auxiliary hoisting
mechanism can be set at upriver, or auxiliary hook and main hook can also be adopted
within span. If hydraulic structures are dispersedly arranged and gate hoists are
unconditionally used, mobile gate hoist can be set independently.
8. Generally, multi-hole draft pipe maintenance gate of power plant is recommended
to adopt mobile gate hoist.
9. For assembly gate or gate that shall be hoisted step by step, mobile gate hoist with
automatic hooking beam operation is usually adopted.
5.1.3 Working conditions of maintenance personnel shall be considered according to
climatic conditions and sandstorm, and fixed gate hoist can either be set in machine
room or be set outdoor. Machine room shall be departed from vent-hole of gate.
Necessary space shall be reserved for maintenance and installation at the side where
machine is near to the machine room, and passage shall be reserved between machine
and wall, and width of the passage shall not be less than 0.8m. Where gate hoist is set
outdoor, separate cover shall be adopted. Dustproof, moisture-proof and rain-proof
measures shall be considered for electric equipments.
In cold region where gate hoist will be operated in winter, the machine room shall
have lagging facility; in hot region where gate hoist will be operated in summer, the
machine room shall have cooling facility; in area where there are frequent sandstorms,
gear transmission of gate hoist is recommended not to adopt open type, or
completely-closed
oil shall consider airmachine roomconditions
temperature can be set.at Selection of working
the operation area. oil or lubricating
5.1.4 In addition to the maximum lift head of gate, gate hoist shall also have
appropriate reserve. The maximum working lift head of gate hoist controlling
submerged hole arch door shall satisfy requirements to change side and top water
stop.
5.1.5 According to hydraulic conditions and technical and economic indexes, high-lift
hoist can be adopted, if conditions are met.
5.1.6 Arrangement of high-lift hoist shall prevent disturbance of movable block group,
steel cable and gate slot.
5.1.7 Movable block group shall adopt protective measures to prevent steel cable from
escaping from the slot. Movable block group that is submerged under water is
recommended to adopt sliding bearing axle, and anti-corrosion measures shall be
adopted on the surface. Seal device shall be adopted, if rolling bearing is adopted.
5.1.8 When plane gate is lifted, the hoisting central line shall keep accordance with
the hoisting central line of the gate.
5.1.9 For mobile hoist having large hoisting force, hoisting tool and gate (or sag rod)
are recommended to adopt automatic hooking beam or manual hitch bar. When
connecting shaft is heavy and operation is difficult, fixed hoist is recommended to
adopt manual hitch bar.
5.1.10 Installation elevation of gate hoist shall satisfy requirement of safe operation,
so as to prevent power section and electric equipments of gate hoist from flooding,
and shall be convenient for normal maintenance of gate, gate slot and component of
gate hoist. In addition, anti-corrosion of components exposed to water shall be
considered.
5.1.11 Gate hoist that controls flood relief gate and other emergency gate must be
equipped with reliable stand-by power supply.
5.1.12 During selection of gate hoist series, hoisting force of gate hoist shall be
greater than or equal to calculated hoisting load.
5.1.13 Dropping speed of fast gate hoist of power plant shall be determined according
to requirements of holes, and decelerator shall be set to guarantee that gate speed
approaching to the bottom is not faster than 5m/min.
5.1.14 Dropping speed of gate controlled by fast gate hoist at outlet of pump station
shall be determined according to requirements of fast-closing hold, and measures shall
be adopted to control its speed approaching to be fully closed.
5.1.15 Double-point hoisting gate hoist shall be equipped with relevant synchronous
measures. And gate operation shall not be affected by error of the double hoisting
points during operation.
5.1.16 Where there is sediment accumulation before gate, hoisting force of
double-point hoisting gate hoist shall be determined according to nonuniformity
coefficient of load on the double hoisting points.

5.1.17 For gate that has requirement of refilling water with small opening, gate hoist
shall be equipped with travel switch or other devices to satisfy small opening
precision.
5.2 Winch
5.2.1 Winch Hoist
hoist is usually used to control gate which depends on gravity, water
column or other method to close, and one hoist is usually used to control one gate.
5.2.2 In general conditions, gate hoist shall adopt on-site operation. If there are several
gate hoists, a centralized control room can be set for the operation.
5.2.3 Besides strength and reliability, chassis of gate hoist shall also be rigid enough.
5.2.4 If direction of hoisting load is gradient, action of horizontal force on relevant
components shall be considered, and relevant influence shall be calculated.
5.2.5 Requirements of high-lift gate hoist:
1. For high-lift gate hoist with rope guide, flange shall be set at place where steel
cable of rope reel returns; guide screw rod of rope guide shall consider selection of
helix angle, arch radius at top turning point as well type of wrap angle of nut.
2. Free double-layer winch high-lift gate hoist is recommended to set turning flange at
position where steel cable returns and to control plane included angle that is vertical
to the reel axle when the steel cable of the second layer deviates.
3. For high-lift gate hoist whose two double-connected pulley block reeving is greater
than 2, fixed pulley block shall be hinged onto bracket of the pulley block, and
disturbance of steel cable and rest bar of fixed pulley block shall be prevented.
4. High-lift gate hoist adopting drum with broken line grooves shall consider length of
the broken line and inclination of rope groove. In addition, turning flange shall be set
at position where drum groove returns.
5.2.6 Requirements of winch hoist controlling tainter gate:
1. For top-exposed arch-gate winch hoist and pan type gate hoist whose hoisting
points are set before the water-supporting deck, the steel cable and hoisting tools are
generally set on the panel of tainter gate as close as possible, and are recommended
not to set movable pulley block; during arrangement, connection method of steel cable,
hoisting tools and lifting eye shall be considered.
2. Top-exposed tainter gate winch hoist, whose hoisting points are set behind the
water-supporting deck, can be substituted by plain gate winch hoist or be retrofitted.
During arrangement, winding, turning method synchronous action of double hoisting
points shall be considered.
3. When top-exposed tainter gate is lifted by pan-type gate hoist, regulating block of
steel rope shall be set.
4. Whether stand-by power supply or manual hoisting device shall be set to
top-exposed tainter gate winch hoist shall be determined by hoisting capacity,
significance of gate and reliability of dynamic power.
5. If submerged tainter gate is controlled by plain gate winch hoist, disturbance of
steel cable and rest bar of fixed pulley block shall be prevented. Where fixed pulley
block or guide pulley device is set under the rest bar, their maintenance and
lubrication conditions shall be considered. Coupling shafts of movable pulley block
(or passing sag rod) and lifting eye of submerged tainter gate shall be chrome-plated,
and shall be equipped with lubricating devices. In addition, axle hole shall have
sheath.
5.2.7 Requirement of winch hoist controlling flap gate:
1. Movable pulley block shall be arranged higher than elevation of sediment

accumulation.
2. Elevation of gate hoist chassis bottom must be 0.21m- 0.2m higher than travel route
of gate top.
3. During operation of gate, steel cable shall not rub with gate flap, and included angle
between connection line of lifting eye center and lifting center of gate hoist and the
vertical line when the gate is fully opened shall not exceed 15 degree.
5.3 Screw Rod Gate Hoist
5.3.1 Electric screw rod gate hoist shall have reliable safety protection device for
electric or mechanical overload.
5.3.2 Manual and electric double-duty or manual screw rod gate hoist shall be
equipped with safety handle bars.
5.3.3 When manual mechanism and machine are connected with each other, manual
and electric double-duty shall have safety measures to break all circuit.
5.4 Hydraulic Gate Hoist
5.4.1 According to different operational requirements of gate, design working
condition of hydraulic cylinder of hydraulic gate hoist can adopt double-direction
action type or single-direction action type. For single-direction action type hydraulic
gate hoist, if there requirements of filling valve, maintenance and installation,
appropriate pressure can be added during system design, but pressure value shall be
kept in 0.5MPa - 1MPa.
5.4.2 Double hoisting point hydraulic gate hoist shall adopt relevant synchronous
measures according to different factors, such as type, size, structural stiffness and
lateral support of the gate to be controlled. During operation of top-exposed tainter
gate, if the tainter gate has reliable lateral support and strong torsional stiffness,
hydraulic system can adopt throttle governing and deviation-correction circuit may
not be set. In addition, capacity of gate hoist is recommended to have appropriate
reserves. If hydraulic gate hoist adopts deviation-correction circuit, closed-loop
control shall be adopted, and reliable travel measuring system shall be adopted
according to requirements of synchronous precision. Also, pipe system is
recommended to be arranged symmetrically.
5.4.3 Reasonable arrangement of tainter gate hydraulic hoist shall give integral
consideration to hoisting capacity, travel, obliquity and swing angle.
5.4.4 Arrangement of pump station of hydraulic gate hoist:
1. Number of pump station of hydraulic gate hoist can be determined according to
operation requirement of gate, and one pump station can be set for one hoist (two
cylinders for one machine with double lifting eyes) and one pump station can be
shared by several hoists. Electric motor unit of oil pump in pump station shall be
equipped with stand-by electric motor unit of oil pump.
2. Arrangement of oil pump motors of hydraulic gate hoist shall consider requirements
of anti-vibration, noise-deadening and maintenance convenience.

5.4.5 Hydraulic components shall adopt standard hydraulic components, and system
whose flow quantity is greater than 100L/min is recommended to give priority to
two-way cartridge inserted valve.
5.4.6 Safe and

supervisory reliableand
precision travel supervisionofdevice
requirements shall gate
hydraulic be adopted according
hoist; gate to
opening
instrument is recommended to adopt multi-rotation absolute sensor; stop device with
different theory is recommended to be set for extreme-position limit, and shall not be
substituted by overflow valve.
5.4.7 Working pressure of hydraulic system is recommended to be less than 25MPa;
test pressure of hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic valve unit shall adopt 1.5P when
P≤16MPa, and shall adopt 1.25P when P>16MPa.
Test pressure of pipe system shall adopt 1.5P when P ≤16MPa, 1.25P when
16MPa<P≤25MPa, and 1.15P when P>25MPa; test pressure of oil return pipe and oil
exit pipe shall be determined according to 1.5 times internal pipe pressure.
Test pressure duration shall exceed 10 minutes.
5.4.8 Piston rod of hydraulic cylinder of hydraulic gate hoist must adopt
anti-corrosion measures.
5.4.9 End bearings of hydraulic cylinder of top-exposed tainter gate hydraulic hoist
shall be of hinge structure type, and can be arranged at the center of hydraulic
cylinder where upper supporting point can meet relevant conditions. If end bearing is
adopted and vertical obliquity of hydraulic cylinder is relative large when the gate is
fully closed, yield-proof measures shall be adopted. Generally, end bearing of
hydraulic cylinder of hydraulic gate hoist adopts globe bearing.
5.4.10 Beside fast valve hydraulic gate hoist, hydraulic fluid port of lower-cavity of
hydraulic cylinder is recommended to set hydraulic safety locking device.
5.5 Chain Gate Hoist
5.5.1 China gate hoist is mainly used to control top-exposed working gate.
5.5.2 Lifting speed of chain gate hoist shall not exceed 1m/min generally.
5.5.3 Double hoisting point chain gate hoist shall have reliable synchronous devices to
guarantee synchronous operation of the two hoisting points.
5.5.4 In order to prevent the chain from touching water during gate hoisting,
chain-withdrawing device shall be set at one end of chain.
5.5.5 Chain of chain gate hoist shall have anti-corrosion measures.
5.6 Mobile Gate Hoist
5.6.1 Span of mobile gate hoist and lifting height of working platform (dam crest,
tailrace platform) shall be able to satisfy requirements of gate operation and trash
rack.
5.6.2 Operational load and travel load of mobile gate hoist shall be determined
according to concrete conditions.
5.6.3 Generally, control and operation are realized on mobile gate hoist.
5.6.4 According to requirement of central arrangement, when mobile gate hoist travels
along a curve, reliable measures shall be adopted to prevent overload and blocking.
5.6.5 According to concrete arrangement, mobile gate hoist with small capacity can
also adopt electric hoist and monorail trolley.

5.6.6 Anti-overturn stability of mobile gate hoist.
1. Verification of working condition
Working condition verification of anti-overturn reliability shall be determined
according
2. Proof oftoanti-overturn
Table 5.6.6-1.
stability.
Anti-overturn stability of gate hoist shall be calculated under the worst load
combination according to working conditions listed in Table 5.6.6-2. If moment of all
load and gate hoist to overturn side is equal to or greater than zero ( ∑ M ≥ 0 ), the gate
hoist can be deemed as stable.

During verification of anti-overturn stability, relevant dangerous side of gate hoist
shall be calculated.
Considering practical impact of different loads on stability, a load coefficient shall be
multiplied by all sorts of load moment during verification of anti-overturn stability of
gate hoist. For concrete values, see Table 5.6.6-2.
Table 5.6.6-1 Working Condition Verification

Verification of working condition Characteristics of working conditions
1 Static load without wind
2 Mobile load with wind
3 Off-work state in windstorm
Table 5.6.6-2 Load Coefficient

Horizontal
Verification
Self Inertia Force Wind
of Working Load Remark
Weight (including Power
Condition
load)
1 0.95 1.4 0 0 Gate hoist with cantilever
2 0.95 1.2 1 1 shall verified the following
items:
(1) Longitudinal (cantilever
plane) stability (working
condition 1, 2 and 3);
(2) Transverse (travel
direction) stability (working
3 0.95 0 0 1.15
condition 2 and 3).
Transverse and longitudinal
stability (working condition
2 and 3) shall be verified
for gate hoist without
cantilever.
5.6.7 Safety of gate hoist against wind and slide
Safety of gate hoist against wind and slide shall be verified according to the following
two working conditions:
1. Normal working condition:
Pz l≥ 1.1Pw1 + Pa – Pf (5.6.7-1)
Where,
Pzl refers to braking force generated by detent of running mechanism on wheel tread,
N;
Pwl refers to the maximum wind power along running direction under working state,
N;
Pa refers to sliding force caused by gradient, N;
Pf refers to frictional resistance during running of gate hoist, N; its running frictional
resistance coefficient shall be selected from Table 5.6.7.
When braking force Pzl is greater than adhesive force of wheel, P zl shall be substituted
by adhesive force between wheel and track, and its adhesive coefficient shall adopt
0.12.
Table 5.6.7 Running Frictional Resistance Coefficient ω
Slide Bearing Rolling Bearing
0.015 0.006
Note: ω=Pf/P, where P refers to total wheel pressure.
2. Off-working state
Pz2 ≥ 1.1Pw2 + Pa - Pf (5.6.7-2)
Where,
Pz2 refers to clamping braking force generated by track clamp of running mechanism
along track direction, N;
Pw2 refers to maximum wind power of gate hoist under off-working condition along
running direction, N.
Friction factor between track and rail clamp (whose surface has scores and that has
been quenched) shall adopt 0.25, and the maximum operating force on manual rail
clamp shall not exceed 200N.
5.7 Safety Protection Device of Gate Hoist
In order to guarantee reliable operation of gate hoist, all sorts of gate hoists shall be
equipped with relevant safety devices.
5.7.1 Brake Apparatus
Besides hydraulic gate hoist, all mechanism of gate hoist shall be quipped with brake
apparatus. Screw rod gate hoist shall be equipped with brake apparatus according to
its structural type.
5.7.2 Load Limiter
Hoisting mechanism of gate hoist shall be equipped with load limiter (except in
special cases), and composite error of the load limiter shall not exceed 5%. The load
limiter can be of mechanical type or electrical type; hydraulic system shall be
equipped with overflow valve.
5.7.3 Travel Limiter
Running terminal of each mechanism of gate hoist shall be equipped with relevant
travel limiter.
5.7.4 Buffer
Running mechanism of all electric-drive mobile gate hoist shall be equipped with
buffer, or uptilted arch track can be adopted at track end as buffer.

5.7.5 Anemoscope
Exposed mobile gate hoist shall be equipped with anemoscope at upper part of gate
hoist where the wind is not blocked. When wind speed is faster than limited working
wind speed, the anemoscope shall be able to alarm to stop work and automatically cut
off power supply of running mechanism.
5.7.6 Rail clamp and anchor device
Exposed mobile gate hoist shall be equipped with rail clamp. When off-working-state
wind pressure exceeds 700N/m2 or the gate hoist may be flooded, traction cable or
other anchor device must be adopted.
5.7.7 Electric protection device
Electric protection device shall comply with provisions of 10.4 hereof.
5.8 Automatic Hooking Beam
5.8.1 Hydraulic shaft-crossing-type automatic hooking beam
This type of automatic hooking beam is manly used in operation of large and medium
gates. During design, water shall be prevented from enterring electromotor, oil pump
and junction box, and reliability of signal transmitter and strength of cable shall be
guaranteed. Hoisting speed of cable drum shall be in accordance with the speed of
lifting mechanism.
5.8.2 Mechanical automatic hooking beam
1. Weight automatic hooking beam
Weight automatic hooking beam can be divided into different types, such as weight
rotation type, weight hooking type and improvement type, and they are usually used
to control medium and small gates. Consideration shall be given to design of position
where there are relative rotation and slide, so as to prevent failure of hooking due to
corrosion, sand or other impurities.
2. Hook-type automatic hooking beam
During design of suck kind of hooking beam, running parts and locking devices
controlling the hook shall be considered, so as to prevent failure due to corrosion,
sand and other impurities.
3. Free-hook-type automatic hooking beam
This kind of automatic hooking beam is mainly used to control large and medium
gates. During design, hooking and clamping object shall match with each other.
5.8.3 Design of automatic hooking beam
Design of automatic hooking beam shall satisfy the following requirements:
1. The gate shall better stop water at upper stream. Where gate stops water at down
stream, safety and reliability of underwater work shall be considered.
2. When operation of multi-leaves gate and trash rack, manufacturing and installation
accuracy of gate (rack) groove shall be improved, so as to be adaptable to operation in
gate (rake) groove.
3. Automatic hooking beam shall go through static balancing test, and

center-of-gravity position can be adjusted by counterweight. According to different
types, guidance orientation and safety devices shall be set, and operation of hooking
beam shall be guaranteed to be flexible, reliable and free from incline and block.
4. Relativeand
lubricating rotation and sliding
anti-corrosion parts of automatic hooking beam shall adopt
measures.
6. Load
Different gate hoists may have different load requirements. Load combinations listed
bellow is applicable to gate hoist of different types.
6.0.1 Self-weight
Self-weight load Load
refers to weight of gate hoist structure, mechanical equipment,
electric equipment and ballast.
6.0.2 Hoisting Load
Hoisting load refers to the maximum hoisting force, holding force and pressure
acted on lifting eye connecting gate hoist and gate (or sag rod, automatic hooking
beam).
6.0.3 Running load
Running load refers to vertical load, excepting self-weight, beared by mobile gate
hoist during operation, such as gate weight or weight of other materials.
6.0.4 Horizontal load
1. Running inertia force
Running inertia force refers to the inertia force generated by weight of gate hoist,
trolley and running load during start or stop of running mechanism. Considering
structural dynamic effect of gate hoist or trolley during sudden start or variation of
driving force, running inertia force shall be 1.5 times result of weight multiplying
running acceleration, but shall not exceed adhesive force between driving wheel and
track. For acceleration (deceleration), see Annex B.
2. Horizontal force during rotation of slewing hoist
During movement of slewing machine of slewing hoist, horizontal force generated by
hoisting weight (including wind power, inertia force generated by start and centrifugal
force during rotation) shall be calculated according to horizontal force generated by
inclination between carrying rope and plump line.
Under normal conditions, during calculation of drift angle of carrying rope of motor
power, aI = (0.25 - 0.3)aII; during calculation of fatigue and abrasion mechanical parts,
aI = (0.3 - 0.4)aII; during calculation of the mechanical strength and anti-overturn
stability, the maximum angle of drift of carrying rope shall be a II; where n>0.33r/min,
aII=4 degrees; where n≤0.33r/min, aII=2 degrees. Generally, centrifugal force of self
weight of slewing hoist can be neglected.
In calculation of metallic structure, horizontal force generated by slewing hoist and
hoisting weight (suspended weight) during start or stop of slewing hoist shall be 1.5
times result of the weight multiplying acceleration of the weight center (centrifugal
force generated by weight of the slewing hoist is ignored generally). Here, wind
power acting on hoisting weight shall be calculated separately and shall be overlapped
along the worst direction. When the calculated horizontal force of hoisting weight is
bigger than horizontal force calculated according to the maximum angle of drift aII,
value of acceleration is recommended to reduce.
3. Horizontal lateral force generated during oblique running of gate hoist
For horizontal lateral force generated during oblique running of gate-type, bridge-type
and platform hoist, see Annex C.
6.0.5 Impact load

1. Impact load generated by mobile gate hoist on buffer shall be calculated according
to practical dynamic energy generated practical impact speed of bumping limit switch,
but impact speed shall not be less than 50% of rated running speed.
Impact load
according to of fixedcondition
impact connect of
of buffer and buffer
rated running arresting device shall be calculated
speed.
2. During calculation of impact load, kinetic energy of hoisting weight will not be
considered for gate hoist whose hoisting weight can swing freely. But hoisting weight
shall be considered for gate hoist having guide frame to limit hoisting weight from
swinging.
6.0.6 Wind load
1. Exposed mobile gate hoist shall consider wind load. Wind load can be divided into
working-state wind load and off-working-state wind load. Working-state wind load
refers to the maximum calculated wind power that gate hoist can bear in normal
operation. Off-working-state wind load refers to the maximum calculated wind power
that gate hoist can bear under off-working condition.
2. Wind load shall be calculated according to formula 6.0.6-1:
Pw＝CK hqA (6.0.6-1)
Where,
Pw refers to wind load acting on gate hoist or hosting weight, N;
C refers to wind coefficient;
K h refers to variation coefficient of wind pressure;
q refers to calculated wind pressure, N/m2;
A refers to windward area, which is vertical to wind direction, of gate hoist or hoisting
weight, m2.
In the above calculation, the worst condition action of wind power on gate hoist shall
be adopted.
3. Calculated wind pressure can be calculated according to formula 6.0.6-2:
q ＝ 0.613v2 (6.0.6-2)
Where,
v refers to calculation wind speed, m/s.
Calculation wind pressure shall be determined according to calculation wind speed at
a height where is 10m from the datum plane. Off-working-state calculation wind
pressure of mobile gate hoist shall be calculated according to that the datum plane is
the lower running level.
Calculation wind pressure can be divided into three types, such as q I, qII and qIII.
Among these three types, qI refers to calculation wind pressure of gate hoist under
normal working state, and it can be used for drag calculation during selection of motor
power and verification of heat-exerting of mechanical components; qII refers to the
maximum wind pressure in working state, and it can be used to calculate strength,
rigidity and stability of mechanical components and to verify overload capacity of
drive device and anti-overturn stability of full machine in working state; qIII refers to
calculation wind pressure in off-working state, and it can be used to verify strength
and anti-overturn stability of mechanical components and metallic structure of gate
hoist and for design calculation of wind-prevention and slide-prevent device and
anchorage of gate hoist.
Calculation wind pressures of gate hoist are listed in Table 6.0.6-1. If local weather
data are available, the calculation wind pressure shall be calculated according to the
most-frequent maximum
4. Altitude variation wind speed
coefficient provided
of wind in K
pressure local weather data.
h
Working state calculation wind pressure of gate hoist shall not consider variation of
altitude (K h=1). Variation coefficient K h of wind pressure following altitude in
off-working state shall be calculated according to formula 6.0.6-3 and 6.0.6-4.
For land: K h = (h/10)0.3 (6.0.6-3)
0.2
For island and sea K h = (h/10) (6.0.6-4)
Where,
h refers to height from calculation point to datum plane, m.
In the calculation, the height can be divided into isotonic wind segment at every 20m,
and then using the coefficient K h of height of midpoint at each segment to multiply
the calculation wind pressure.
Table 6.0.6-1 Calculation Wind Pressure (N/m 2)
Calculation wind pressure Calculation wind pressure in
Region in working state off-working state
qI qII qIII
Inland 150 500-600
Coastal area 250 600-1000
0.6qII
Taiwan Province and
250 1500
Hainan Province
Note: 1. Coastal area refers to land or island within 100Km far from coastline.
2. qII is recommended to adopt small value in inland of North China, Middle
China and South China; to adopt big value in northwest, southwest and
northeast of China, and Shanghai shall be taken as a border in costal area,
so qII shall adopt 800N/m2 in Shanghai, adopt small value in costal area
north of Shanghai and adopt big value in costal area south of Shanghai; q II
value of off-working-state wind pressure of gate hoist used at areas where
are usually suffered from storm, such as Zhanjiang, or where there are
frequent light wind, shall be calculated by formula 6.0.6-2 according to
yearly maximum wind speed recorded in local weather data.
3. Where wind pressure qII = 150N/m2, equivalent wind speed is 15.6m/s;
where wind pressure qII = 250N/m2, equivalent wind speed is 20.19m/s.
5. Wind coefficient C
1) for wind coefficient C of single-slice structure and single-piece object of gate hoist,
see Table 6.0.6-2.
2) For space structure with two or more pieces, the wind coefficient can adopt the
wind coefficient of single-piece structure. For calculation of windward area, see
Annex D.
3) Wind load of space truss with triangle cross section can adopt 1.25 times wind load
on projected area of truss vertical to wind.

4) When wind direction and structure form a angle, wind load on structure can be
calculated by dividing the wind load into two forces along two directions according to
the angle formed.
Table 6.0.6-2 Wind Coefficient C of Single-slice Structure

No. Structural type C
1 Plane girder made of molded steel (solidity ratio ψ=0.3 - 0.6) 1.6
5 1.3
10 1.4
Molded steel, steel plate, molded steel girder, steel 20 1.6
2 L/h
plate girder and box-section component 30 1.7
40 1.8
50 1.9
≤1
≤3
3 Circular pipe and tubular structure Qd2
7
10
≥13
Closed driver's cab, machine room, balancing weight, steel rope and 1.1 -
4
objects. 1.2
Note: 1. In this table, L refers to length of structure or structural component, h refers
to height of windward face, m and q refer to calculation wind pressure (see
Table 6.0.6-1) (in N/m2); d refers to exterior caliber of pipe (in m);
2. When driver's cab is set on ground, C = 1.1, when it is suspended over

ground, C = 1.2.
6.0.7 Temperature load

Generally, temperature load is not considered.
6.0.8 Installation load
During design of gate hoist, load generated during installation must be considered.
During installation of exposed gate hoist, wind pressure shall adopt 100N/m2.
6.0.9 Snow load
Snow load is only considered at area where there is snow frequently, and its value
shall be determined according to local relevant data.
6.0.10 Gradient load
If gate hoist is movable on track, when installation gradient is not greater than 0.3#,
gradient load can not be considered, otherwise, gradient load shall be calculated
according to practical gradient.
6.0.11 Earthquake load
When basic intensity of earthquake at area where gate hoist is used is equal to or
greater than 7 degrees, horizontal earthquake load shall be considered.
6.0.12 Test load
Before gate hoist is used, dynamic load and static load tests shall be carried out. The
testing field shall be solid and plane, and wind speed shall not exceed 8.3m/s
generally. Dynamic test shall adopt 110% of rated load, and static test shall adopt
125% of rated load. The test shall be carried out to the worst position of the gate hoist.
Where there are special requirements, special consideration can be taken.
Large mobile gate hoist can also adopt hydraulic dynamometer to carry out the test.
During the test,

and methods testing
which shallregulations must be established to regulate load-adding order
be observed.
7. Material
7.1 Casting Material
7.1.1 Carbon steel casting shall adopt ZG230-450, ZF270-500, ZG310-570 and
ZG340-640
7.1.2 Alloystipulated in GB/T
steel casting 11352.
shall adopt ZG35CrMo, ZG42CrMo, ZG40crz65Mn,
ZG40Mn2 and ZG50Mn2 regulated in JB/ZQ4297.
7.1.3 Gray pig iron casting shall adopt HTl50, HT200 and HT250 stipulated in GB/T
9439.
7.1.4 Ductile cast iron shall adopt QT450-10 and QT500-7 stipulated in GB/T 1348.
7.1.5 Copper-alloy casting shall adopt ZCuSn5Pb5Zn5, ZCuSn10Pb1, ZCuA110Fe3,
ZCuA110Fe, 3Mn2, ZCuZn38Mn2Pb2 and ZCuZn25A16Fe3Mn3 stipulated in GB/T
1176.
7.2 Forging
7.2.1 Carbon steel forging shall adopt 20, 25, 35, 45, 50Mn and 65Mn stipulated in
GB/T 699.
7.2.2 Alloy steel forging shall adopt relevant materials stipulated in GB/T 3077.
7.2.3 Stainless steel forging shall adopt relevant material stipulated in JB/ZQ 4295.
7.3 Structural Metallic Material
7.3.1 Generally, structural metallic material shall adopt 0235 stipulated in GB/T 700
or Q345 stipulated in GB/T 1591.
7.3.2 Main bearing material shall adopt Q235C or Q345C.
7.3.3 When temperature at local area where the gate hoist is used is equal to or lower
than -20℃, Q235D or Q345D shall be adopted.
7.4 Joint Material
7.4.1 Welding material
1. Welding rod of manual welding shall adopt relevant types stipulated in GB/T 5117
and GB/T 5118. Selection of type of welding rod shall conform to strength of main
metal.
2. Automatic and semi-automatic welding shall adopt welding wire and welding flux
shall conform to strength of main metal.
7.4.2 Riveting material
Generally, riveting material shall adopt ML2, ML3, Q235 and Q215 stipulated in
GB/T 116i.
7.4.3 Bolting
1. Common bolt
Materials of bolt and stud shall comply with provisions of GB/T 3098.1 and GB/T
3098.3, and nut material shall comply with provisions of GB/T 3098.2 and GB/T
3098.4.
2. Stainless steel bolt
Materials of stainless steel bolt, screw, stud and nut shall comply with provisions of
GB/T 3098.6.
3. High-strength bolt
Materials of high-strength bolt, nut and washer shall comply with provisions of GB/T
1231 and GB/T 3633.
8. Mechanism
8.1 Hoisting Mechanism
8.1.1 Electromotor
1. Static power
hoisting of mechanism
tools, rated shall be
hoisting speed andcalculated
mechanism according to hoisting
efficiency, load, weight
and electromotor of
shall
be selected according to static power, working mode, load duration rate and load
duration. Generally, electromotor can not go through verification of overload and
heat-generation.
1. Static power of mechanism can also be calculated according to equivalent hoisting
load, weight of hoisting tools, rated hoisting speed and mechanism efficiency, and
electromotor can also be selected according to static power, working mode, load
duration rate or load duration. In this case, electromotor shall go through verification
of overload and heat generation. For verification methods, see Annex J and K.
2. Except for hydraulic gate hoist, hoisting mechanism is recommended to select
metallurgy and hoisting motor according to short-term (or intermittent) working
system. Pump unit of hydraulic gate hoist can select asynchronous motor without
speed-regulation requirements according to start with zero load.
3. Except for fast gate hoist, mean acceleration of mechanism shall not be less than
0.3m/s2.
8.1.2 Detent
Each independent drive device shall be equipped with a supporting detent. And
braking safety coefficients are as follows:
1. If there is one set drive device and one detent, braking safety coefficient of the
detent shall not be less than 1.75.
2. If there is one drive device and two detents, braking safety coefficient of each
detent shall be calculated according to total braking moment and shall not be less than
1.25;
3. If there are two sets of drive devices having rigid connection and one detent is set
for each, braking safety coefficient of each detent shall be calculated according to
total braking moment and shall not be less than 1.25.
4. If there are two sets of drive devices having rigid connection and two detents are set
for each, safety coefficient of each detent shall be calculated according to total
braking moment and shall not be less than 1.1.
Deceleration caused by common braking shall be less than 0.3m/s 2.
8.1.3 Decelerator
Relevant decelerator shall be selected according to calculation load and total
transmission ratio of the hoisting mechanism. Generally, decelerator of winch-type,
chain-type and mobile gate hoist shall be composed of standard decelerator and
open-gear transmission. Single-class transmission ratio of open gear is recommended
not to exceed 6.3.
8.2 Running Mechanism
8.2.1 Determination of static running resistance
Static running resistance includes frictional resistance, ramp resistance and wind
resistance.
Frictional resistance includes resistance caused by friction between wheel and track
during running of gate hoist with load (self weight of gate), frictional resistance in
wheel bearing and additional resistance between wheel rim and track side. Generally,
the aforesaid
resistances third resistance
multiply is calculated
a additional coefficient.according to the first and second frictional
Ramp resistance refers to the resistance generated during mechanism with full load
travels along a gradient.
Wind resistance refers to resistance caused by calculation wind pressure on exposed
gate hoist in normal working state.
8.2.2 Electromotor
Static power of mechanism shall be calculated according to static running resistance,
running speed and mechanism efficiency. Electromotor shall be selected according to
static power of mechanism, working mode of electromotor and load duration rate.
Where inertia is relative large, inertia force shall also be considered.
Generally, electromotor shall go through verification of overload and heat generation,
and value of acceleration shall be controlled. For verification method, see Annex K
and L.
Generally, value of mean acceleration caused during start of mechanism can be
adopted according to Annex B.
8.2.3 Detent
Total braking moment transferred from braking moment of running mechanism and
running minimum frictional resistance (excepting frictional resistance between wheel
rim and track side) to the brake axle shall be able to satisfy that gate hoist or trolley
with running load, down the wind and downhill conditions can be stopped within
specific time limit, but selection of detent shall guarantee that the braking time will
not cause track-slip between drive wheel and track.
8.2.4 Track-slip verification
Generally, main drive wheel shall not slip on track during start or braking of running
mechanism. During verification, adherence coefficient between steel wheel and track
shall adopt 0.12 for outdoor work; 0.15 for indoor work; and 0.2-0.258 when there are
sands on steel track.
8.3 Turning Mechanism
8.3.1 Equivalent static resistance moment
Equivalent static resistance moment of turning mechanism includes frictional
resistance moment, equivalent wind resistance moment and ramp resistance moment
in normal working state.
8.3.2 Electromotor
Required equivalent power shall be calculated according to equivalent static
resistance moment, turning speed and mechanism efficiency of turning mechanism,
and electromotor shall be selected according to equivalent power, working mode of
electromotor and load duration rate of the mechanism.
Primarily selected electromotor of turning mechanism must go through verification of
overload and starting acceleration, which shall be within 0.1m/s 2 - 0.3m/s2 generally.
8.2.3 Detent
Braking moment of detent of turning mechanism shall be able to stop turning part
under the worst working state and the maximum turning radius, and braking
deceleration shall be within 0.1m/s2 – 0.3m/s2 generally.
8.3.4 Limit moment

Transmission rotating
mechanism thatjoint
has self-locking possibility shall be equipped with limit
moment rotating joint. If non-self-locking mechanism is not equipped with limit
moment rotating joint, transmission mechanism shall go through verification of static
strength in accident state.
8.4 Hydraulic System
8.4.1 Arrangement of hydraulic system
1. Except for specific components, equipments of hydraulic system shall be arranged
in machine room, where fire protection, ventilation, moisture-proof, insulation,
flood-proof and drainage measures shall be considered.
2. Arrangement of various hydraulic components and valve shall be as neat and
convenient as possible. Indication meter and gauge and hydraulic components
(overflow valve, pressure meter switch and oil filter) requiring adjustment or
supervision shall be arranged at a position where is convenient for observation and
operation.
3. Oil purifier is recommended to be adopted.
8.4.2 Hydraulic system shall go through verification of pressure loss. Where here are
frequent work, heat generation shall be verified, and oil temperature is recommended
not be exceed 50℃.
8.4.3 Hydraulic system shall also go through calculation of leakage and hydrodynamic
shock.
8.4.4 Oil tank:
1. Volume of oil tank shall satisfy working requirements of gate hoist and storage of
hydraulic oil.
2. If electromotor unit of oil pump is arranged on the tope of oil tank, top plate of the
oil tank shall have enough rigidity.
3. Structural design of oil tank shall consider filling and discharging of hydraulic oil
and cleaning of oil tank. Oil pointer shall be set at easily-visible position on tank wall,
and the highest and lowest oil level shall also be marked. Bottom of the oil tank shall
be made into a gradient oblique to oil outlet.
4. Oil suction pipe and oil return pipe shall be as far as possible from each other and
shall be isolated by clapboard. Height of the clapboard shall not be lower than 3/4
height from the highest oil level to tank bottom. If sieve is set on the clapboard, the
clapboard shall be higher than the highest oil level.
5. Oil suction pipe and oil return pipe shall be inserted lower than the lowest oil level,
and distance from the oil suction pipe to tank bottom shall not be less than 2 time pipe
caliber, and to tank wall shall not be less than 3 time pipe caliber. The lowest oil level
shall be 100mm higher than the oil suction pipe and shall be larger than 3 times pipe
caliber. Distance from oil return pipe to tank bottom shall be less than 2 times of pipe
caliber. Pipe ends shall be obliquely cut with 45 degree, and oil outlet shall face tank
wall.
6. Oil tank shall adopt stainless steel.
7. Where oil re-filling tank is set, volume, setting elevation, pipeline joint and caliber
of oil re-filling tank shall be able to guarantee sufficient oil filling at upper cavity
when hydraulicgate
8. If hydraulic cylinder
hoistpiston
is set drops.
in cold region and will be operated in winter, heating
device and thermometer are recommended to be set. During operation of heating
device, local overheating of hydraulic oil shall be prevented.
9. Vent with air filter, oil filling orifice with filter screen and magnetic device shall be
set on oil tank.
8.4.5 Hydraulic oil
1. Requirement of hydraulic oil
1) Hydraulic work oil shall have certain viscosity and favorable viscosity-temperature
characteristics, and petroleum-type hydraulic oil is generally adopted.
2) Hydraulic work oil shall have the following characteristics, such as favorable
lubrication, anti-oxidation, corrosion-free, fire resistance, anti-emulsification,
damage-free for sealing material and shall have certain foam-eliminating capacity.
3) Hydraulic work oil shall be pure and shall not have mechanical impurities and
water. Cleanness of hydraulic oil shall reach class 7-9 of NASl638 standard or class
16/13 - 18/15 of GB/T 14039. Servo system shall be selected according to
requirements of valve block.
2. Dynamic viscosity of work oil shall be selected according to type of oil pump,
working temperature and system pressure, see Table 8.4.5.
3. If hydraulic gate hoist is set in low-temperature region and will be used in all
seasons, when oil cylinder is arranged outdoor and there is no equipment to heat oil
liquid, freezing point of hydraulic oil shall be at least 15℃ - 20℃ lower than the
lowest environmental temperature.
Table 8.4.5 Selection of Oil Type and Viscosity according to Working
Temperature Range
Movement
viscosity/(mm2/s) Type and viscosity class of
Pump type Pressure
5℃ - 40℃ - oil applicable
40℃ 80℃
Below
7MPa 30 – 50 40 – 75 HM oil, 32, 46, 68
vane pump
Above 50 - 70 55 - 90 HM oil, 46, 68, 10
7MPa
HL oil, (HM for medium
Gear pump 30 - 70 95 - 165 and high pressures), 32, 46,
68, 100, 150
HL oil, (HM for medium
radial-plunger
30 – 50 65 - 240 and high pressures), 32, 46,
pump
68, 100, 150
axial plug pump 40 70 - 150 HL oil, (HM for medium
and high pressures), 32, 46,

68, 100, 150
Note: 1. 5℃-40℃ and 40℃-80℃ are working temperature range of hydraulic system.
2. Hv shall be adopted in cold area and Hs shall be adopted in chilliness area.
3. Where there are gunmetal components and silvered components, attention

shall be paid to selection of HM oil, and ashless HM oil or low-zinc HM oil
shall be adopted.
8.4.6 Filter
1. Filtration precision of filter in hydraulic system shall be determined according to
filtration precision requirements of pump and value samples that have been selected.
2. Filter is recommended to be arranged at oil return mouth, and filterability shall be
greater than 3 times oil return capacity of oil pump. If filter is arranged at oil suction
mouth, filterability of oil suction filter shall be greater than 5 times oil suction
capacity of oil pump. Filterability of pressure filter shall be greater than 2 times oil
passing capacity. Filter is recommended to have pressure difference signal transmitter
and bypath relief valve.
3. Air filter set on oil tank shall have de-humidity function.
8.4.7 Hydraulic pipeline
1. Efforts shall be made to guarantee short pipe, less bending and neat arrangement,
and bending degree shall not be less than 90 degree. The minimum curvature shall not
exceed 3 times external caliber generally, and high-pressure and low-pressure pipes
shall be divided by obvious different colors.
2. If hose is adopted, the hose shall not be tensioned or tortured, and shall not abrade
with other objects during movement. Length of straight part from end to bending part
shall not be less than 6 times hose caliber, and bending radius shall not be less than 10
times external hose caliber.
3. Oil pipe shall adopt stainless steel seamless pipe. For calculation of relevant
diameter and wall thickness, see Annex H.
4. After installation and before debugging of hydraulic pipeline system, rinsing device
shall be adopted to rinse oil liquid circularly. After circular rinsing, cleanness of
pipeline system shall be able to reach requirements of item 3 of clause 1 in article
8.4.5.
5. Arrangement space among pipes shall be able to satisfy requirements of installation,
operation and maintenance of pipe, valve and flange.
6. During arrangement of pipeline, manual stop valve shall be equipped at connection
of pump station and hydraulic cylinder.
8.5 Calculation Principle of Parts
8.5.1 Calculation method
Strength calculation includes static strength calculation and fatigue strength
calculation.
Strength calculation methods refer to permissible stress method and safety factor
method.
Some parts (such as screw rod) shall also go through calculation of rigidity and
stability.
Long high-speed transmission shaft shall also go through verification of critical speed.
8.5.2 Calculation load
1. Fatigue calculation basic load:
1) Fatigue by
calculated calculation basic
0.6-1 time load borne
moment by parts
(or force) of hoisting
transmitted mechanism
by hoisting forceshall be
to the
calculation parts according to type of gate and working property. And fatigue
calculation basic load of parts on high-speed shaft shall be calculated according to
1.3-1.4 times rated moment of electromotor.
2) Fatigue calculation basic load of parts of running and returning mechanism shall be
the total moment of inertia moment and static resistance moment borne by parts
during starting of mechanism. And it can be estimated according to formula 8.5.2-1:
MImax = (1 2～2.0)Mn (8.5.2-1)
Where,
MIma refers to fatigue calculation basic load moment of calculation part, N·m;
Mn refers to moment transmitted from rated moment of electromotor to calculation
part, N·m。
Coefficients 1.2-2.0 refer to rigidity dynamic load coefficients, being related to the
ratio of drive characteristics of electromotor and rotation inertia moment of
calculation part.
2. The maximum working load shall be used to calculate static strength of calculation
part.
1) The maximum load of hoisting mechanism shall adopt 1-1.2 times moment (or
force) transmitted from hoisting force on to calculation part, and part on high-speed
shaft shall adopt the result of rated moment of electromotor multiplying 1.3-1.4. In
special cases, it can be verified according to the maximum running torque of
electromotor, and permissible stress of part can adopt 0.9 σs of material.
2) If the maximum working load of running and returning mechanism is adopted
during starting or braking of mechanism, the maximum oscillatory torque borne by
part can be estimated according to formula 8.5.2-2:
MIImax = (1.1 - 1.5)Mnmax (8.5.2-2)
Where,
MIImax refers to the maximum oscillatory torque of calculation part, N●m.
When elastic vibration is considered, the biggest one among augmenting coefficient
of moment, system elasticity and damp shall adopt the smallest value.
3. The maximum off-working load shall be determined by combination of maximum
off-working wind load and weight of equipment. maximum off-working load belongs
to non-frequent load and it can be used to verify static strength of some components.
4. Special Load:
1) Buffer impact load: it refers to dynamic load generated during buffer impacts
running mechanism of mobile gate hoist. It can be estimated according to formula
8.5.2-3:
MIIImax = 0.25(R/i) Σ PImax (8 5.2-3)
Where,
MIIImax refers to moment generated during buffer impact on to drive shaft of running
mechanism, N●m;
R refers to wheel radius, m;
i refers to total transmission ratio of running mechanism;
Σ
PImax refers
calculation to the totalmechanism,
transmission maximum wheel
N. pressure during running of drive wheel of
2) Installation load: it shall comply with provisions of 6.0.8.
3) Test load: it shall comply with provisions of 6.0.12.
8.5.3 Number of stress cycles
During calculation of fatigue strength of transmission parts, number of stress cycles
shall be calculated within required design service life. If stress variation is absolute
value of 10% of maximum stress, number of stress cycles may not be calculated.
Number of stress cycles N can be calculated according to formula 8.5.3:
N = FZ (8.5 3)
Where,
F refers to number of stress cycles of part per hour;
Z refers to total design service life of part, h.
Generally, service life of mechanism parts shall be calculated according to design
service life of mechanism. In certain cases, due to economic consideration or
technical limitation, design service life of some parts may be different from design
service life of mechanism.
8.5.4 Strength limitation
During calculation of static strength, yielding limitation of material that has favorable
plasticity may be adopted as yielding point of parts.
If ratio of yielding limitation of material σs to extension strength σ b is greater than 0.7,
in order to avoid brittle rupture due to exceeding yielding limitation of material, it is
stipulated that imagined yielding point shall be calculated according to formula
8.5.4-1 and 8.5.4-2:
8.5.5 Fatigue strength limitation

Generally, fatigue strength limitation is obtained through verification or calculation.
Value of fatigue strength limitation of parts depends on:
1. Characteristics of stress cycle ( σmin/σmax)
2. Quality of material;
3. Shape and dimension change of parts;
4. size of parts;
5. surface condition of parts.
8.5.6 Strength verification
Mechanical transmission parts must go through strength verification. But due to that
load duration is short and rare and may not cause fatigue damage or excessive wear,
so fatigue and antiwear verification can not be carried out. Strength verification shall
satisfy formula 8.5.6:
yielding point or fatigue strength limitation of part

Calculated stress≤ (8.5.6)
strength safety coefficient
Strength safety coefficient shall be adopted according to provisions of Table 8.5.6.

8.5.7 Abrasion
For parts that are often exposed to abrasion in operation, wearing amount of the
frictional face shall be guaranteed within allowed range. For detent, clutch and sliding
bearing, pressure intensity p on unit area of section and characteristic coefficient pv (p
multiply related speed to frictional surface) shall be verified, so as to guarantee its
wearing amount within allowable value. For allowable physical quantity of material
of frictional surface, see Annex E.
Table 8.5.6 Strength Safety Coefficient

Static strength verification
Fatigue Maximum Maximum
Calculation content
verification nI working load off-working load,
nII special load nIII
Forging and
rolling 1.6 1.6 1.4
Hoisting
pieces
mechanism
Casting
1.8 1.8 1.6
steel
Forging and
Returning, rolling 1.4 1.4 1.2
running pieces
mechanisms Casting
1.6 1.6 1.4
steel
Note: For gate hoist of special importance, safety coefficient can be appropriately
increased.
8.6 Component Design

8.6.1 Lifting hook, lifting folk and lifting shaft
Generally, lifting hook and lifting folk shall adopt high-quality low-carbon killed steel
or low-carbon alloy steel.
Lifting shaft shall adopt high-quality carbon steel or alloy constructional steel.
During design of lifting hook or lifting folk, plane elasticity bent lever method shall
be adopted for calculation. Generally, lifting hook or lifting folk can be selected
according to hoisting force and working class.
Lifting shaft shall consider the worst condition, and its calculation load shall be the
maximum working load and its working state can adopt static load.
8.6.2 Steel cable, pulley and drum
1. Generally, steel cable of gate hoist shall adopt galvanized steel cable (especially in
underwater working condition), and linear contact lay steel cable shall be adopted
preferentially. Multiple-wound steel cable is recommended to adopt metallic-corer

steel cable; and mono-wound steel cable that is often submerged under water is
recommended to adopt asbestos-core steel cable.
Strength of steel cable shall satisfy requirements of formula 8.6.2-1:
Where, F0 ≥ nS (8.6.2-1)

F0 refers to failure pull of steel cable adopted, N;
n refers to the minimum safety coefficient of steel cable, see Table 8.6.2-1;
S refers to the maximum static working pull of steel cable, N; when lift head is larger
than 50m, weight of steel cable shall also be considered.
The maximum declination angle of steel cable winding in and out from pulley groove
shall not exceed 3.5 degree generally.
Where steel cable is wound in or pulled out from drum, deviation angle of steel cable
from two sides of screw shall not exceed 3.5 degree generally.
For single drum or multiple-wound drum, angle that steel cable deviates from vertical
plane of drum is recommended not to exceed 2 degree.
2. Drum calculated according to diameter of steel cable and minimum coiling
diameter of pulley shall be calculated according to formula 8.6.2-2:
D0min = ed (8.6.2-2)
Where,
e refers to coefficient related to working class of mechanism, see Table 8.6.2-2;
d refers to diameter of steel cable, mm.
Diameter of balanced pulley shall adopt 0.8 time D 0min.
Table 8.6.2-1 Minimum safety Coefficient of Steel Cable
Table 8.6.2-2 Coefficient of Drum and Pulley e
3. Pulley and drum shall be made of cast iron generally, and its number shall not be
less than HT200 stipulated in GB/T 9439. Gate hoist with large capacity is
recommended to adopt cast steel or welding pulley; drum is commended to adopt
welding drum or progressively-welded cast steel.
4. Strength calculation and stability verification of drum:
If L≤3D, only maximum pressure stress on drum wall surface can be calculated.
If L>3D, besides calculation pressure stress, combined stress generated by bending
moment and torque shall also be verified.

If D≥1200mm and L>2D, besides strength calculation, drum wall shall also go
through stability verification. Where, D refers to bottom diameter of drum groove,
mm; L refers to drum length, mm.
For
8.6.3strength calculation
Gear and worm gearand stability verification of drum, see Annex G.
transmission
1. Common gear material
Small gear shall adopt high-quality carbon steel or alloy constructional steel; and big
gear shall adopt cast carbon steel or alloy cast steel. Material selection and heat
treatment hardness shall match with gears.
Usual materials of worm gear: worm wheel shall adopt copper base alloy or zinc base
alloy, and small equipment and equipment used to transmit small load can also adopt
cast iron; worm rod shall adopt high-quality carbon steel or alloy constructional steel.
2. Where gear adopts soft tooth surface or half-hard tooth surface, hardness of tooth
surface of small gear shall be 30HB higher than the hardness of big gear; when gear
adopts hard tooth surface, hardness of tooth surface of small and big gear shall be
basically identical.
3. Gear transmission shall calculate contact strength of tooth surface and bending
strength of gear. For closed-type gear transmission, tooth surface is recommended to
adopt half-hard tooth surface.
Worm gear is mainly used in mechanism (such as returning mechanism and running
mechanism) having large transmission rate and close structural arrangement. Strength
calculation of gear worm shall be based on calculation contact strength on tooth
surface, bending strength of worm wheel tooth shall go through verification; if worm
rod is also used as transmission shaft, strength calculation and rigidity calculation
shall be carried out on shaft basis.
8.6.4 Shaft
1. Shaft material: usual material of shaft shall adopt medium carbon steel; and the
most-commonly-used material is 45 stipulated in GB/T 699, and 35SiMn, 42SiMn,
40MnB, 40Cr and 40 CrNi alloy steel can also be adopted.
2. Original size of shaft can go through preliminary strength calculation according to
permissible stress method. Shaft structure can be determined according to the
preliminary size obtained and all necessary factors, and then practical safety
coefficient of dangerous section shall be determined and its rigidity shall be
calculated.
3. Critical rotation speed of shaft: if rotation speed of long transmission shaft exceed
400r/min, beside calculation of strength and rigidity, critical rotation speed shall also
be verified and shall satisfy requirements of formula 8.6.4-1:
Where,
nmax refers to practical maximum rotation speed of shaft, r/min;

ncr refers to critical rotation speed, r/min;
d1 refers to interior diameter of shaft, mm; when solid shaft is adopted, d 1=0;
d2 refers to exterior diameter of shaft, mm;
L
4. refers to supporting
Calculation of shaft space of can
rigidity shaft, m. the following values:
adopt
1) Maximum deflection shall not exceed 0.0003 time space among supporting points
generally.
2) Maximum deflection of shaft with gear shall not exceed 0.01-0.03 time gear
module generally.
3) Maximum deflection angle caused by deflection at supporting point shall not
exceed 0.001 rad generally.
4) Generally, allowable torsion angle shall adopt ψ≤ 0.5° /m.
8.6.5 Decelerator
1. If standard decelerator is adopted, total design service life shall conform to working
class of relevant mechanism where it belongs to. Decelerator shall be selected
according to rated load or rated power of electromotor or working conditions required.
When necessary, maximum radial load at output shaft of decelerator shall be verified.
2. During design of decelerator, load capacities (referring to contact strength of tooth
surface) of each transmission class shall be basically identical. Supporting axle of
decelerator gear shall have enough strength and rigidity, and type and size of gear
shall be selected according to weight and direction of load and application
requirements. Shell of decelerator shall have enough strength and rigidity.
3. Lubrication of decelerator shall adopt oil bath lubrication generally. If special oil
pump lubrication is adopted, high-speed meshing gear shall go through splash
lubrication before starting.
8.6.6 Coupling
If coupling is adopted on gate hoist, type shall be determined according to working
condition and then selection shall be made from standard specification table of
coupling according to transmission moment, shaft size and rotation speed, and
formula 8.6.6-1 shall be satisfied:
Mc ≤ Mt (8.6.6-1)
Mc ≤ nMIImax (8.6.6-2)
Where,
Mc refers to calculation moment of coupling, and it shall be calculated according to
formula 8.6.6-1, N·m;
n refers to safety coefficient of coupling; for hoisting mechanism, n = 1.8; for other
mechanism, n = 1.5;
Mt - refers to rated moment listed in specification parameter of coupling, N·m;
MIImax – see clause 2 of 8.5.2.
8.6.7 Bearing
1. Generally, sliding bearing is used in low-speed and heavy-load transmission of gate
hoist, such as movable pulley block of high-lift gate hoist that is usually submerged
underwater, and sliding bearing may also be used to support drum. Bearing shall be
determined according to journal size, and result obtained through maximum unit
pressure P multiplying its relative linear speed against the rotation frictional surface,
namely pv value, shall be verified to not exceed p value and pv value. For p value and
pv value, see

2. During AnnexofE.rolling
selection [ bearing, the following items shall be given:
1) Generally, total design service life of bearing can be identical to working class of
mechanism, or one class lower then working class of mechanism where necessary.
2) Rotation speed of rolling part of bearing. rolling bearing whose rotation speed is
less than 10r/min shall only go through rated static load calculation.
3) Radial applied load.
4) Axial applied load.
5) Working condition and working state (property of working load, rotation housing
washer, humidity, type and supply method of lubricant).
6) Structural shape and overall size of bearing.
According to the aforesaid conditions, equivalent dynamic load or equivalent static
load can be calculated. After calculation of required rated dynamic load or rated static
load, rolling bearing can be selected.
8.6.8 Load limiter
Gate hoist shall be equipped with reliable and adjustment-convenient hoisting load
limiter. If load on hoisting load limiter exceeds 10% of rated load, overload alarm
signal shall be made and power supply shall be cut off. Normal operation shall be able
to be recovered after correct load is obtained. If necessary, deficient load limiter can
be set.
Standard value of lifting force and holding force (or downward pressure) shall be
adjusted according to requirement of gate. If necessary, lifting force and holding force
(or downward pressure) can be limited separately.
Lever-type and centrifugal-type load limiters are often adopted. Electric protection
device and special electronic apparatus (such as electronic scale) shall be maintained
if they are used as overload protection device.
8.6.9 Indication and position control of lift head (travel)
1. Lift head (travel) indication: mechanical type or electronic type can be adopted, and
detection precision and display precision shall be determined according to operation
requirements and value of lift head (travel).
2. Position control: gate hoist shall have extreme-position limiter, and other positions
(such as filling valve of gate) can be controlled according to concrete requirements.
When gate hoist reaches control position, power supply shall be cut off automatically
or alarm signal shall be given out.
Running mechanism shall be equipped with travel limiter. When big and small trolley
reach extreme positions, power supply shall be cut off automatically and alarm signal
shall be given out.
Returning mechanism having rotation angle requirement shall be equipped with
returning limiter, and when mechanism returns to extreme positions, power supply
shall be cut off automatically and alarm signal shall be given out.
8.6.10 Buffer
Buffer shall be designed according to impact kinetic energy (see 6.0.5). Buffer shall
be designed according to the maximum impact force generated during gate hoist runs
in rated speed, and strength safety coefficient shall be 1.15 under such condition.
Gate
adopthost canbuffer,
spring adopt but
spring buffer,
wooden rubber
buffer canbuffer and
also be hydraulic buffer. Small gate hoist
adopted.
8.6.11 Wheel and track
1. Wheel material shall adopt 45, 65Mn stipulated in GB/T 699, ZG 340-640
stipulated in GB/T 11352, and ZG35CrMnSi and ZG34CrNiMo stipulated in JB/ZQ
4297.
2. Generally, diameter of wheel shall not exceed 1.25m. When rated running load is
carried, wheel tread shall be calculated according to fatigue; if maximum load is lifted,
wheel tread shall be calculated according to strength. For calculation of wheel tread,
see Annex G.
3. Medium and small gate hoist shall adopt P-type railway steel track generally, large
gate hoist can adopt QU-type crane-special track. For strength calculation formula,
see Annex G. Track of electric block shall adopt rolled I bar.
8.6.12 Lift bolt and nut
Generally, lift bolt of screw rod gate hoist adopts Q275 stipulated in GB/T 700 and 35
and 45 stipulated in GB/T699.
Load bearing nut shall be made of cast bronze generally. And those having low
relative slip speed can adopt cast iron or ductile cast iron.
Screw thread shall adopt trapezoidal thread generally; in order to guarantee
self-locking, angle of lead α of screw middle line is recommended to be 4° ≤a≤ 4.5°
1. Lift bolt: slenderness ratio of pressure screw rod λ≤ 200, tension screw rod λ≤250.
Slenderness ratio of important screw rod shall be appropriated reduced.
Conversion coefficient μ of calculation length of screw rod: when one end of screw
rod adopts swing joint and the other end adopts fixed joint, μ=0.7; when both ends of
screw rod adopt swing joint, μ=1.0.
Under pressure working conditions, screw rod shall go through stability verification.
Besides tension and pressure, screw rod also bear twisting moment. Screw rod of
oscillating-type screw rod gate hoist also bears bending moment. For calculation of
bending moment, see Annex G.
2. Load-bearing nut: working height H of nut shall be determined according to
allowable bearing stress on screw surface. For relevant calculation, see Annex G.
8.6.13 Chain and chain wheel
Commonly-used load-bearing chain is piece-type hoisting chain. Material of pin and
chain plate of piece-type hoisting chain is recommended to adopt 45# or 50# steel,
and shall go through heat treatment.
Maximum allowable load of chain (including weight of chain) shall be:
Where,
p refers to breaking load of chain, N;
nr refers to safety coefficient; nr =5 - 5.5.

Single-segment chain shall go through breaking load test and assembled chains shall
go through load test. Testing load shall be equal to 50% of breaking load.
Chain wheel of piece-type hoisting chain is integrated with shaft generally, and
number chain wheel

used underwater shalltooth
adoptissliding
recommended to be
bearing and 9 -have
shall 12. Chain wheel that
anti-corrosion is usually
measures.
8.6.14 Oil Pump
Type of oil pump shall be determined according to requirements of system on
performance of oil pump. Specification of oil pump shall be determined according to
required maximum working pressure and maximum working flow of oil pump.
For maximum working pressure and maximum working flow of oil pump, see Annex
H.
8.6.15 Hydraulic components
1. Type of hydraulic components shall be determined according to working
requirements of hydraulic system, and its maximum working pressure and rated flow
shall satisfy requirements of working conditions.
2. Overflow cock set to guarantee safety of hydraulic cylinder shall adopt
direct-action structure.
3. During selection of throttling valve and speed control valve, relevant characteristics,
such as regulating range and minimum stable flow shall be considered.
4. Electromagnet of electromagnetic directional valve or electro-hydraulic change
valve shall adopt direct-flow wet structure, and its working state is recommended to
be display by indication lamp.
5. Number of pressure gauge shall be determined according to requirements of
hydraulic system. If there are supervisory requirements, pressure sensor shall be
configured according to relevant requirements.
8.6.16 Hydraulic cylinder
1. Strength calculation of cylinder wall. Strength of cylinder wall shall be calculated
according to the following two conditions:
1) Section far enough from flange and supporting flange. Cylinder wall stress at this
position is longitudinal stress and hoop stress generated by working pressure in
cylinder;
2) Section connecting cylinder body and flange. Stress generated by working pressure
in cylinder at this position shall add longitudinal stress and hoop stress generated by
bending moment meanly distributed on cylinder wall at flange.
Strength of cylinder wall can be calculated according to Annex H.
2. Main structural parameters of hydraulic cylinder can be determined according to
Annex H. Calculation length of piston rod shall be determined according to fixed
form of hydraulic cylinder, and for conversion coefficient of calculation length, see
Annex H. During calculation of slenderness ratio of piston rod, inertia moment is
recommended to be calculated according to rod having sudden variation, and
allowable slenderness ratio of piston rod is recommended to be less than 200 in
pressure, and shall be less than 250 in tension.
3. Longitudinal stability calculation:
1) For pressure piston rod, when calculation length L is greater than 10 times diameter
d (L refers to distance from supporting center of cylinder body to rod end connection
point when piston rod is fully pulled out), stability calculation shall be carried out.
2) Longitudinal stability of hydraulic cylinder shall be calculated under condition that
piston rod is fully

3) For stability pulled out
calculation ofand bears maximum
hydraulic downward
cylinder, see pressure.
Annex H.
4. Piston rod surface shall adopt chrome-plating anti-corrosion measure, and material
can adopt medium carbon steel, alloy steel and stainless steel.
5. Seal: generally, seal of hydraulic cylinder adopts V-type, O-type and Y-type seal
ring.
1) V-type combined seal rings are used for dynamic seal between piston and inner
wall of cylinder body, and piston rod and end cover.
2) O-type seal ring is generally used for static seal between end cover and cylinder
body, piston and piston rod.
3) Y-type seal ring can also be adopted for dynamic seal between piston and inner
wall of cylinder body.
6. Dust ring shall be set at end where hydraulic cylinder piston rod is pulled out. If
necessary, impurity-scraping and ice-scraping rings can be adopted.
9. Structure
9.1 Calculation Principle
Permissible stress method is adopted for calculation in this code. Metallic structure of
gate
satisfyhoist shall requirements.
specified go through strength, stability and
During calculation, rigidity
plastic calculations,
influence and isshall
of material not
considered generally, and fatigue strength will not be calculated.
Structure shall be calculated according to two load conditions: 1. Strength, rigidity
and stability will be calculated according to maximum working load; 2. Strength and
stability will be calculated according to maximum working load and special working
load.
9.2 Load Combination
Load combination stated in this article is applicable only to structural and connection
calculation of mobile gate hoist; for load combination, see Table 9.2.
Table 9.2 Load and Load Combination
Load combination
Load combination Class I
Name of load Class II
Ia Ib Ic Id Ie Ia Ib Ic Id
Self-weight load √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Hoisting load of main hoisting
√
mechanism
Running load √ √ √
Hoisting inertia force √ √ √
Inertia force of trolley
√ √√ √ √ √ √

Wind load in working state √
Wind load in off-working state √
Lateral force caused by oblique
√ √ √
running
Impact load √
Test load √
Earthquake load √
Hoisting load of auxiliary
√ √
hoisting mechanism
Note: 1. Different combinations of load are used to calculate different position of
structure.
2. If temperature load, snow load, installation load and gradient load need to be
considered, they can be added to the load listed in this table.
9.3 Permissible Stress

9.3.1 Permissible stresses of structural materials shall be classified according to sizes
listed in Table 9.3.1.
Table 9.3.1 Size Classification of Steel

Thickness or diameter of steel
Group
Q235 Q345
I ≤16 ≤16
II >16-40 >16-25
III >40-60 >25-36
IV >36-50
9.3.2 In load condition of class I, permissible stress of structural material shall be

adopted according to Table 9.3.2.
Table 9.3.2 Permissible Stress in Load Condition Class I N/mm
Type of stress symbol Q235 Q345
Tension, pressure,
[σ] 160 150 145 230 220 205 190
bending
shear [τ] 95 90 85 135 130 120 110
Local compression
(abrade smoothly [σcd] 240 240 220 350 330 310 290
and fix tightly)
Local
closely-connected [σcj] 120 115 110 175 165 155 145
compression
Note: 1. Local pressure bearing refers to the condition where particle surface of
component web plate bears extrusion of local load or end face bears
pressure;
2. Local close pressure bearing refers to small-mobility pressure stress hinged
on projection place of contract surface.
9.3.3 In class-I load condition, for permissible stress of welding joint, see Table 9.3.3.
9.3.4 For permissible stress of rivet, bolt and pin connections, see Table 9.3.4.
9.3.5 Permissible stress value of Table 9.3.2 - 9.3.4 shall be 15% higher than values in
the class-II load condition.
Table 9.3.3 Permissible Stress of Welding Joint under Class-I Load Condition
Buried arc automatic, Buried arc automatic,
semi-automaticwelding semi-automatic welding and
Type and manual welding manual welding using E50 welding
of Type of stress symbol using E43 welding rod rod
weld Q235 Q345
Group Group Group Group Group Group Group
I II III I II III IV
compression [σn] 160 150 145 230 220 205 190
Buried arch automatic
[σ1] 160 150 145 230 220 205 190
welding
Examination Precise
[σ1] 160 150 145 230 220 205 190
of weld quality method
Butt tension of buried arch
weld automatic or
Common
semi-automatic [σ1] 135 120 115 200 190 175 165
method
manual
welding
Shear [τ] 95 90 85 165 130 120 110
Tension,
corner
compression [τt] 115 105 100 160 150 140 130
fillet
and shear
Note: 1. Common method for examination of welding joint refers to visual examination, measurement and hole-drilling examination;
precise method refers to supplement examination by radiant ray, magnetic particle and ultrasonic on basis of common
method;
2. Permissible stress of overhead weld shall multiply 0.8;
3. Permissible stress of field weld shall multiply 0.9;
4. Where single side of single-angle welded component is connected, the connected side shall be any side of equal leg angle
steel and short side of unequal leg angle steel, and permissible stress of welding joint shall multiply 0.85.
Table 9.3.4 Permissible Stress of Rivet, Bolt and Pin Connection N/mm 2
Rivet, bolt, pin steel Steel grade of component
Type of grade Q235
Type of stress symbol
connection ML2,
Q235, 35 Group I Group II Group III
ML5
Rivet Shear [τ] 135 - - - -
connection Bearing [σc] - 320 300 290
(type-I hole) Nail-head pulling [σ] 85 - - - -
Finished bolt Tension [σ] 125 - -
(type-I hole) shear [τ] 125 - -
Common bolt
compression [σc] 290 275
connection
Tension [σ] 125 - -
Common bolt
shear [τ] 90 - -
connection
compression [σc] 190 185
Bending [σ] 150 - -
Pin connection Shear [τ] 90 - -
Compression [σc] 190 185
Table 9.3.4 (Continue)
Rivet, bolt, pin Steel grade of component

steel grade
Q345
Type of
connection Type of stress symbol
ML2, Q235, Group Group

Group I Group II
ML5 35 III IV
Rivet Shear [τ] 135 - - - -

connection Bearing [σc] 460 440 410 380
(type-I hole) Nail-head pulling [σ] 85 - - - - -
Finished bolt Tension [σ] 125
(type-I hole) shear [τ] 125
compression [σc] 420 395 370 345
Common bolt Tension [σ] 125 - - - -
shear [τ] 90 - - - -
connection
compression [σc] 280 265 250 235
Bending [σ] 150 - - - -
Pin connection Shear [τ] 90 - - - -
Compression [σc] 280 265 250 235
Note: 1. Holes whose wallquality belong to the following conditions shall be classified as class I:
- hole that is drilled on assembled structure according to design aperture;
- holt that is drilled by drill jig on single part or component according to design aperture
- hole that is firstly drilled or punched into a small hole on a single part and then is drilled on assembled
component to the design aperture.
2. If sunk rivet or semi-sunk rivet is adopted, values listed in this table shall multiply 0.8;
3. For field-installed connection rivet, values listed in this table shall multiply 0.9.
9.4 Calculation of Strength of Structure and Connection Component

9.4.1 General structural calculation
Under tension, pressure, bending and torque condition, strength of structural
components of gate hoist can be calculated according to general strength calculation
formula, and calculation stress shall not be less than permissible stress.
When there is concentrated load on top flange of girder, local pressure stress of web
plate shall be calculated according to formula 9.4.1-1.
Where,
σm refers to local compression stress, N/mm2;
p refers to concentrated load, N;
δ refers to thickness of web plate, mm;
a refers to action length of concentrated load; a shall be block length for slide block
and be 50mm for wheel;
hy refers to distance from component top (without track) or track top (with track) to
upper edge of calculation height of web plate, mm.
When
on the there
same are large positive
calculation stress
position, σ, large shear
conversion stressstress andbe
shall τalso local pressure
verified stress σtom
according
formula 9.4.1-2.
Where,
andStrength
σ9.4.2 σm shall calculation
carry their positive and negative
of structural signconnected
component separately.
by high-strength bolt
Strength of axial tension and axial pressure structural components connected by
high-strength bolt shall be calculated according to formula 9.4.2-1.
Where,
N refers to axial force of component, N;
Z refers to number of high-strength bolt through which component is connected to one
end of node plate or jointed plate;
Z2 refers to number of high-strength bolts on calculation section (bolts on the outmost
line);
A refers to net area of verification section, mm 2.
9.4.3 Calculation of connection strength
1. Welding connection: when there is positive stress and shear stress at butt-welding
position, connection strength shall be calculated according to formula 9.4.3-1:
Where,
σh refers to conversion stress of weld, N/mm 2;
[σ] refers to permissible stress of weld, N/mm2, see Table 9.3.3.
2. High-strength bolt connection

1) During anti-shear connection, permissible bearing force of each bolt shall be
calculated according to formula 9.4.3-2:
[P] = 0.7ZmfPg (9.4.3-2)
Where,
[P] refers to permissible bearing force of each high-strength bolt, N;
Zm refers to frictional coefficient, and it shall be selected from Table 9.4.3-1;
Pg refers to pre-tension of high-strength bolt, N; it shall be selected from Table
9.4.3-2.
Coefficient 0.7 is multiplied so as to reduce impact of compression deformation of
connection component on pull.
Table 9.4.3-1 Frictional Coefficient f

Steel grade of
Processing method of contract face of component at
component
connection position
Q235 Q345
Sandblast 0.45 0.55

Painting inorganic zinc rich paint after sandblast 0.35 0.40
Red rust is generated after sandblast 0.45 0.55
Eliminating superficial rust with steel brush or rolling surface
0.30 0.35
without any treatment
Table 9.4.3-2 Pre-pull of Each High-strength Bolt Pg kN
2) When high-strength bolt connection bears shear force on frictional surface and
external pull along stud shaft direction, permissible bearing force on each
high-strength bolts shall be calculated according to formula 9.4.3-2, but Pg shall be
substituted by (Pg-1.4Pt), where Pt refers to external pull borne by each high-strength
bolt along its axial direction, and this external pull shall not exceed 70 of pre-pull
Pg. )
3) Number Z of high-strength bolt required for connection shall be calculated

according to formula 9.4.3-3:
Z=N/[P] (9.4.3-3)
Where,
N refers to axial force on connection, N;
[P] refers to permissible load of one high-strength bolt, N.
9.5 Stability Calculation
9.5.1 Axial pressure component
1. Besides strength and rigidity conditions, axial pressure components shall also verify
whole stability and local stability.
2. Slenderness ratio of component:
1) Permissible slenderness ratio of components shall not exceed values listed in Table
9.5.1-1.
Table 9.5.1-1 Permissible Slenderness Ratio of Component (λ )
Tension Compression
Name of Component
component component
For chord member
Primary bearing structural 150 120
of truss
component
For whole structure 180 150
Secondary bearing structural component (such as 200 150

other rod of main truss and chord of auxiliary
truss)
Other component 350 250
2) When yielding point σs of steel material is higher than 350N/mm 2, imagined

slenderness ratio λF of component can be adopted for calculation, and λF can be
calculated according to formula 9.5.1:
Where,
σsrefers to yielding point of material, N/mm 2.
3) When component is of composite cancelled structure, conversion slenderness ratio
of whole structural component can be calculated according to formulas listed in Table
9.5.1-2. For single piece of lacing-bar combined compression component, when
slenderness ratio is greater than conversion slenderness ratio, stability shall also be
calculated.
Table 9.5.1-2 Calculation Formula of Conversion Slenderness Ratio λ h of
Cancelled Component
Type of
Surface shape of Meaning of
Item lacing Calculation formula
component symbol
material
λy refers to
slenderness ratio
of imaginary
axis;
λ1 refers to
slenderness of
single-limb to 1:1
axis, its
Lacing calculation shall
1
plate adopt net
distance between
lacing plates
(rivet connection
component shall
adopt distance
between edge of
lacing plate and
center of rivet).
A refers to total
gross sectional
Lacing
2 area of all chord
bar
rods cut from
section of
component;
A1 refers to total
gross sectional
area of all
oblique lacing
bars cut from
section of
component.
λ1 refers to
slenderness of
single-limb to 1:1
axis, its
calculation shall
adopt net
Lacing distance between
3
plate lacing plates
(rivet connection
component shall
adopt distance
between edge of
lacing plate and
center of rivet).
A1x refers to total
gross sectional
area of all
oblique lacing
bars within plane
which is cut from
section of
component and
which is vertical
Lacing to x-x axis;
4
bar A1y refers to total
gross sectional
area of all
oblique lacing
bars within plane
which is cut from
section of
component and
which is vertical
to y-y axis;
θ refers to angle
Lacing between plane
5
bar where lacing bar
is and x axis.
Note: 1. Single limb slenderness ratio of lacing plate combination component shall not
exceed 40, and size of lacing plate shall comply with the following
provisions: width of lacing plate along longitudinal direction of column
shall not be less than 2/3 of distance between axial lines of limb component,
and thickness shall not be less than 1/40 of the distance, and shall not be
less than 6mm;
2. Obliquity between oblique lacing bar and axial line of structural component
shall be kept within 40-70 degrees.
9.5.2 Double-direction or single-direction compression-bending structural component

When structural components bear axial force and double-direction moment of strong
axis (X-axis) and weak axis (Y-axis), besides strength verification, stability shall also
be verified, and for calculation method, see Annex J.
9.5.3 Calculation of Whole Stability of Bending Structural Component
1. Whole stability of bending structural component can not be calculated, if one of the
following conditions is satisfied:
1) For structural component with box section, when ratio of sectional height and
width between two web plates is not greater than 3; or the section can guarantee
lateral stiffness (such as space truss) of structure;
2) Rigid plates are laid on compression flange plate thickly and can resist against
torsion and horizontal displacement;
3) Ratio of free length l to width b of compression flange plate of freely-supported
beam with I-shaped cross is not greater than values listed in Table 9.5.3.
Table 9.5.3 l/b Value without Whole Stability Verification
h/δ b=100 h/δ b=50
No matter No matter
where load where load
Load is Load is Load is Load is
is added, if is added, if
added on added on added on added on
there is there is
h/b upper lower upper lower
lateral lateral
flange flange flange flange
supporting supporting
plate plate plate plate
point in point in
span span
2 6/13 25/2l 19/16 17/14 26/22 20/17
4 15/12 23/19 17/14 16/13 24/20 18/1 5
6 13/1l 21/17 16/1 3 15/12 22/18 7/14
Note: 1. Meaning of symbols in this table: h refers to full height of structural

component. l refers to free length of compression flange plate. l may also
refer to span of structural component without lateral supporting point within
span and to spaces among lateral supporting points of compression flange
plate for structural component with lateral supporting point. B refers to

width of compression flange plate of structural component; δ b refers to
thickness of compression flange plate of structural component.
2. Structural measure shall be adopted at end supporting position of structural
component to prevent torsion of end section.
3. In this table, numerator is applicable to Q235 and denominator to Q345.
2. Where bending member fails to comply with the aforesaid conditions, its whole
stability shall be verified. For details, see Annex J.
9.5.4 Local Stability of Plate
1. Local stability of web plate
1) When ratio of height of web plate h0 to thickness δ (h0/δ)≤70 (60) (including
number in the bracket is applicable to Q345 and number out of the bracket is
applicable to Q235), transverse ribbed stiffener can be determined according to
structure. In order to support steel track, short transverse ribbed stiffener or
track-bearing beam shall be adopted. In this case, space among short ribbed stiffeners
shall be determined according to local bending stress conditions of steel track and
flange plate. Generally, space among short ribbed stiffener shall not exceed 750mm
and height is about 0.3h.
2) When 70shall
verification (60)be
< carried
(h 0/δ) ≤out.
160 (135), transverse ribbed stiffeners shall be set and
3) When 160 (135) < (h0/ δ) ≤ 240 (200), besides transverse ribbed stiffeners,
longitudinal ribbed stiffener shall also be set at (1/5 - 1/4)h height of compression
edge, and verification shall be carried out.
4) When 240 (20) < (h0/δ) ≤ 320 (270), besides transverse ribbed stiffeners, two lines
of longitudinal ribbed stiffeners shall be set at compression area, where the first line
shall be set at (0.15-0.20)h to compression edge of web plate, and the second line
shall be set at (0.35-0.40)h to compression edge of web plate, and verification shall be
carried out.
5) When (h0/δ) > 320 (270), calculation shall be carried out according to local stability
requirements of high web plate.
2. Local Stability of Compression Flange Plate:
1) When ratio of out-extending width of compression flange plate with I-shaped
section along each side to thickness of compression flange plate with I-shaped section
is not greater than 15 for Q235 and not greater than 12 for Q345, local stability of
compression flange plate may not be calculated.
2) For box section, local stability may not be calculated if ratio of central distance of
web plate b0 to thickness of compression web plate δy satisfies the following
requirements: For Q235 (b /δ )≤ 60 and for Q345 (b /δ )≤ 50.
0 y 0 y
Where flange plate is wide, one or more pieces of longitudinal ribbed stiffener shall
be set, to satisfy the aforesaid (b0/δy)≤ 60 (50). Stability may not be calculated when
inertia moment Iz3 of longitudinal ribbed stiffeners can satisfy clause 2 of 9.5.6.
9.5.5 For calculation of local stability of plate, see Annex J.
9.5.6 Requirement of structural side of ribbed stiffener
1. When
ribbed local stability
stiffener of web of web
plate plate
shall notcan
be be
lesssatisfied, spacing
than 0.5h, n among
and shall transverse
not exceed the
bigger one of h0 and 2m, where ho refers to height of web plate.
Size of transverse ribbed stiffener of web plate shall be determined according to
formula 9.5.6-1 and 9.5.6-2:
Where,
b1 refers to out-extending width of transverse ribbed stiffener, mm;
δ1 refers to thickness of transverse ribbed stiffener, mm.
When web plate has both transverse ribbed stiffener and longitudinal ribbed stiffener,
besides the aforesaid provisions, transverse ribbed stiffener shall also satisfy:
Izl ≥ 3h0δ3 (9.5.6-3)
Where,
Izl refers to inertia moment of section of transverse ribbed stiffener to central line of
thickness of web plate, mm4;
δ refers to thickness of web plate, mm.
For ribbed stiffener with box section, when transverse ribbed stiffener is jointed by 4
pieces of plates, inertia moment Izl of longitudinal plate against contact line shall not
be less than 1.5h0δ3.
In addition, longitudinal ribbed stiffener of web plate shall also satisfy requirements
of formula 9.5.6-4 and 9.5.6-5:
Where,
Iz2 refers to inertia moment of section of longitudinal ribbed stiffener of web plate
against central line of web plate thickness, mm4;
a - see Fig. 9.5.6 Spacing among Transverse Ribbed Stiffener, mm.
Figure 9.5.6
When transverse or longitudinal ribbed stiffener doesn't adopt batten but adopt mold
steel, the part (whose width is 20δ) welded to the ribbed stiffer can be included in the
section of ribbed stiffener, and practical inertia moment against center-of-gravity line
of the section can be calculated, and requirements of formula 9.5.6-4 and 9.5.6-5 shall
be satisfied.
2. Longitudinal ribbed stiffener of flange plate shall satisfy requirements of formula
9.5.6-6:
Where,
fIz3 refers to inertia moment of section of longitudinal ribbed stiffener of flange plate
against central line of flange plate thickness, mm4;
b0 - see Fig. 9.5.6 Center Distance of Web Plate, mm;
δy - see Fig. 9.5.6 Thickness of Flange Plate, mm;
m refers to number of longitudinal ribbed stiffener of flange plate.
9.6 Rigidity Requirement
Rigidity can be divided into static rigidity and dynamic rigidity. Static rigidity is
expressed by static elastic deformation value of structure and structural components at
certain position when specified load is added on certain position; generally, for gate
hoist, dynamic rigidity of vibration system is only verified when there are relevant
requirements.
Static rigidity requirements of bridge-type, platform-type and gantry hoist are as
follows:
When rated load is added at midspan or at worst position (at lifting-start position for
platform-type and single-direction gantry hoist), due to vertical static deflection y
L
caused by rated hoisting load and weight of trolley at midspan, the following
requirements shall be satisfied:
Midspan deflection of bridge-type and bi-direction-type gate hoists:
When working class is Q1 and Q2, yL≤ L/700 (9.6-1)
When working class is Q 3 and Q4, yL≤ L/800 (9.6-2)
Where,
L refers to span of gate hoist.
For gantry hoist with cantilever, when trolley with full load is at effective working
position of cantilever, vertical static deflection at this position:
yL≤ Lc/350 (9.6-3)
Where,
Lc refers to effective working length of cantilever.
Generally, horizontal midspan displacement value of bridge-type and platform-type
gate hoist is recommended to be controlled at:
ys≤ L/2000 (9.6-4)
For gantry of gantry hoist, the horizontal displacement along the two directions is
recommended to be less than 1.5H‰ under the worst load combination. Where H
refers to height from track level (upper flange of main girder for single-direction hoist)
of big trolley to track level of small trolley.
When small trolley gantry and mechanical equipment are installed directly on
platform trolley bracket and gantry of single-direction hoist shall be appropriately

strengthened. When the maximum vertical static deflection is used as component of
freely supported beam, it is recommended to be controlled to be:
ye≤ L/2000 (9.6-5)
Where,
L refers to span of trolley, platform trolley and single-direction gantry hoist.
For cantilever, L is recommended to be controlled to be
ye≤ Lc/1000 (9.6-6)
Where,
Lc refers to effective working length of cantilever.
9.7 Gantry Structure
9.7.1 Structural type of gantry
According to operating requirements, gantry structure can be designed into without
cantilever, single-cantilever, double-cantilever and semi-gantry type. According to
different sectional structure, gantry structure can be designed into box section, plate
girder and lattice section type (truss and strut).
Generally, connection between gantry leg and main girder shall be of rigid connection,
namely rigid leg.
9.7.2 Calculation principle of internal gantry force
1. Within gantry plane: for gantry having two rigid legs, calculation figure of static
structure shall be adopted for calculation of internal force of main girder, and
calculation figure of once hyperstatic structure shall be adopted for calculation of
internal force of leg.
2. Within plane of leg: for connection between leg and lower transverse girder, when
ratio of leg rigidity to beam rigidity is greater than 0.6, the internal force shall be
calculated according to triple hyperstatic structure; when the ratio is less than or equal
to 0.6 and other section of leg is larger this area, the internal force shall be calculated
according to once hyperstatic structure. For simple calculation figure, see Figure
9.7.2.
3. Combination of various loads added on gantry hoist during running shall be used as
conditions to verify internal force of gantry structure.
4. For large gantry hoist, the internal force is recommended to be calculated by
computer according to space system.

Figure 9.7.2 Calculation Figure for Gantry in Leg Plane
9.8 Constructional Requirement
9.8.1 General principle
1. Efforts shall be made to guarantee simple structure, definite force bearing of main
bearing structure, and impact of concentrated stress shall be reduced.
2. Structural design must be convenient for manufacture, examination, transportation,
installation and maintenance. Exposed and underwater structures (such as hooking
beam) must avoid water accumulation.
3. Thickness of steel plate and mold steel limb of main bearing structure shall not be
less than 5mm.
4. Main bearing structural components can adopt different connection methods at
different positions, but two different connection methods shall not be adopted at the
same position.
5. For welded beam, besides position close to bearing position, lower part of
transverse ribbed stiffener shall not be directly welded on tension flange plate, and
shall break at position not less than 50m far from inner surface of tension flange plate.
For wide flange (such as where people can pass) box beam or single-web plate beam,
in order to avoid deformation of tension flange plate during construction and
transportation, lower part of transverse ribbed stiffener can be welded to 10mm -
16mm thick tie plate. And then tie plate can be welded together with tension flange
plate with longitudinal weld, see Fig. 9.8.1-1.
6. Butt welds of web plate and flange plate of welded beam are recommended not to
be arranged on the same section, and spacing among them shall not be less than
200mm; transverse ribbed stiffener shall be departed from butt weld of parallel web
plate, and spacing among them shall not be less than 200mm.
7. When track is laid on compression flange plate of welded beam and wheel pressure
is added, if track just faces web plate, web plate and compression flange plate are
recommended to adopt successive penetrated weld, and transverse ribbed stiffener
must be chamfered at connection between ribbed stiffener and web plate (see Figure
9.8.1-2). In condition where wheel pressure is transmitted by transverse ribbed
stiffener or by participation of transverse ribbed stiffener, the transverse ribbed
stiffener shall also be welded tightly with compression flange plate. Length of weld
under bearing surface of track shall not be less than 1.4 times bearing width of track.
In addition, double-side weld shall be adopted and double-side stagger weld or
single-side intermittent weld can be adopted on other positions.
Figure 9.8.1-1 Arrangement of Welded Box Beam and Single Web Plate Transverse
Ribbed Stiffener
Figure 9.8.1-2
8. Thickness of truss gusset plate shall be selected from Table 9.8.1 according to
internal force of web rod.
Table 9.8.1 Thickness of Gusset Plate
9. Generally, for main beam of gantry hoist and bridge-type hoists, midspan camber
shall be 0.001L, where L refers to span. Upwarp degree of cantilever end shall be
Lc/350, where Lc refers to effective working length of cantilever.
9.8.2 Weld connection
1. Weld metal: weld metal is recommended to match with body metal. If different
types of steel with different strengths are welded, welding material that matches with
low-strength steel can be adopted.
2. Butt weld: groove type of butt weld shall comply with provisions of GB/T 985 and
GB/T 986.
In main bearing structures, if butt weld between plates with different thicknesses or
widths, transit gradient not exceeding 1:4 shall be made from one or both sides, see
Figure 9.8.2-1.
Figure 9.8.2-1
3. Fillet weld:
1) For minimum height hwmin of fillet weld, see Table 9.8.2 (when thickness of
welding piece is less than 4mm, minimum height of weld shall be the same as welding
piece). Generally, maximum height of fillet weld shall not exceed 1.2 times thinner
welding piece.
2) For main structure bearing dynamic load, surface of fillet weld shall be made into
concave arch or straight line. Ratio of right-angle side of weld to side weld shall be
1:1, and to end weld shall be 1:1.5. Overlapped length shall be equal to or longer than
5 times thickness of thinner welding piece, see Figure 9.8.2-2.
Figure 9.8.2-2
3) Minimum calculation length of fillet weld at side or end shall be 8h w. Maximum
calculation length of side weld shall be 40h w when bearing dynamic load, shall be
60hw when bearing static load. Overlong part will not be considered in calculation.
4. In primary welding connection, intermittent welding with small thickness can be
adopted, net distance among intermittent welding shall not exceed 15δmin in
compression component and shall not exceed 30δmin in tension component.
Table 9.8.2 Minimum Height of Fillet Weld(hwmin) mm
9.8.3 Rivet connection and bolt connection
1. In main bearing structure, cup head rivet shall be adopted, and diameter d of the
rivet shall be 13mm - 22mm generally, and sunk rivet is only adopted in special
conditions, but sunk rivet shall be adopted in nail rod tension connection.
2. Total thickness of rivet steel plate shall not exceed 5d. Where the total thickness
exceeds
3. When5d, bolt
rivet orconnection is recommended
bolt connection is adopted,toeach
be adopted.
component shall have at least two
rivets or bolts at one side of node or joint. Number of rivet or bolt in each line is
recommended not be exceed 5, but the number determined by strength calculation
shall be satisfied.
4. If reamed-hole bolt connection is adopted and component bears dynamic load,
aperture shall be less than d+ (0.2-0.3)mm, where d refers to nominal diameter at bolt
matching position. If component bears repeated load, match of hole and bolt shall not
be less than H11/H9.
5. When high-strength bolt is adopted for connection, in order to prevent connection
piece from local damage caused by head of nut and bolt, high-strength steel washer
shall be set at the two position.
6. Aperture of high-strength bolt shall be 1mm - 2mm larger than diameter of bolt.
7. Common bolt can only be adopted in connection between less important
components.
8. Permissible distance from rivet and bolt shall comply with values listed in Table
9.8.3.
9.8.4 Laying of track
1. If trolley track is fixed by pressure plate, fixing position of pressure plate shall just
face transverse ribbed stiffener.
2. Height difference and transverse dislocation of track level at joints shall not exceed
1mm. Connection joint of trolley track shall not exceed 2mm, and connection joint of
big trolley shall be 1mm - 3mm generally (excepting temperature joint).
Table 9.8.3 Permissible Distance of Rivet and Bolt
Maximum
permissible Minimum
Name Arrangement and direction distance (lesser one permissible
between the two distance
values)
Outer row 8d or 12δ
Distance Compression
12d or 18δ
between component 3d
Middle row
centers Tension
16d or 24δ
component
Along direction of internal
2d
force
Distance from
Vertical to Cutting edge 1.5d
center to edge 4d or 8δ
direction of
of component
internal Rolling edge 1.2d
force
Note: d refers to aperture, δ refers to thickness of thinnest plate among connection

components.
9.8.5 Landing, Ladder, Handrail and Cab
1. Ladders leading to driver's cab, electric equipment room, landing, mechanical and
electric equipment installation platform must be safe, convenient and reliable.
Minimum width of ladder is recommended not to be less than 500mm. Erect ladder
shall be equipped with safety loop over 3m from the ground, spacing among safety
loops shall not exceed 800mm, and shall have longitudinal connection bar. Number of
safety loop shall not be less than 3. Distance from ladder to top of loop shall be less
than 700mm and shall not exceed 800mm.
2. When height of working inclined ladder exceeds 10m, the ladder shall be connected
by segments, and rest platform must be set at each connection part.
3. Laying plates of landing and working platform are generally made of checkered
steel plate with anti-skid property. For gantry hoist and bridge-type hoist with trolley,
distance from out-extending part of trolley to handrail of landing shall not be less than
500mm.
4. Firm handrail must be set at landing, working platform and inclined ladder, and
vertical height of handrail shall not be less than 1m. Middle handrail shall be set at
about 450mm to plate, and baffle plate shall be set at place not less than 70 mm at
bottom. If there are limitations, height of handrails on trolley platform of bridge-type
hoist and gantry hoist may be less than 1m.
5. Design of net space size, operation device, display instrument and chair in cab shall
comply with have

6. Cab shall relevant provisions
favorable of labor
visibility, protection
and temperedand safety.
glass or other shatter-proof glass
shall better be adopted for the cab.
7. When big difference exists between working temperature in cab and temperature of
working environment, cooling or heating measures shall be adopted in the cab.
8. Where there are special requirements (such as working at termite region), relevant
protective measures shall be adopted in the cab.
10. Electrics
10.1 Electromotor
Winch-type, screw-rod-type, chain-type, gantry-type, bridge-type and platform gate
hoist shall and

generally, adopt hoisting
hoisting metallurgy
metallurgy DCasynchronous
electromotor motor YZ-type
and other types and
that YZR-type
can meet
requirements of gate hoist can also be adopted. Generally, hydraulic gate hoist shall
adopt asynchronous electromotor without speed-adjustment requirement.
Rated power of electromotor shall be selected according to static power of structural
calculation, working mode of electromotor, load duration rate or load duration. Where
design limit has requirements, maximum moment or locked rotor moment of
electromotor shall satisfy starting requirements of mechanism. Under design rated
working condition, temperature rise of components of electromotor shall not exceed
specified value.
For verification formula, see Annex K, L, M, N and P.
10.2 Drive Component of Detent
Drive component of detent must be selected according to volatge of power supply,
frequency, ambient conditions and corresponding mechanism working condition.
For AC transmission system, running mechanism shall adopt hydraulic push-rod
generally, and short-travel braking electromagnet may be adopted. For DC
transmission system, efforts shall be made for hoisting mechanism to adopt
serial-connected electromagnet and for running mechanism to adopt
parallel-connected electromagnet.
DC serially-connected electromagnet shall verify holding force of electromagnet of
starting pull and minimum load during starting of first-step electromagnet.
10.3 Resistor
10.3.1 Electromotor with different load duration rate are recommended to adopt
general resistor of different parameters; when load duration rate may be different but
close to each other, resistors of the same type can be adopted.
10.3.2 Resistor used for starting shall be selected through calculation, and tolerance
between calculated value and adopted value shall be ±5%. In order to reduce number
of resistance box, tolerance of resistance of specific class can be ±10%, but tolerance
of total resistance of each box shall not exceed ±8%; tolerance of commonly-adopted
serial-class resistor can be expanded appropriately, but the error shall not exceed 1.5%
of rated resistance of electromotor.
10.3.3 Load duration rate of resistance of different classes shall be selected according
to different connection conditions, and allowable current value of resistor shall not be
less than rated current of electromotor, but specific class is allowed to be 5% lower.
Commonly-serial-class resistor shall be selected according to long-term working
system, and allowable current of components adopted shall not be less than rated
current of electromotor. Generally, hoisting mechanism shall not adopt frequency
sensitive rheostat, if adopted, requirements of working conditions shall be considered.
10.3.4 resistor with 4 or less boxes can be stacked up; spacing among boxes of
resistors with over 4 boxes shall not be less than 80mm, and thermal baffle resistor
bracket can be adopted among boxes.

10.3.5 External connection wire of resistor with connectors shall have a nude part and
measures shall be adopted to prevent the nude part from short-circuit. If resistors are
used outdoor, a cover shall be set for heat elimination and rain proof.
10.4 Protection
Generally, gate Device
hoist shall be equipped with the following electric protection devices:
short-circuit protection, over-current protection, no-voltage protection, null-position
protection, open-phase protection, position-limit protection, overload protection, main
isolation switch and emergency switch that can cut main power supply off. If DC
transmission system is adopted, field-loss protection and over-speed protection shall
be set.
Gantry, bridge-type and platform-type gate hoist shall also be equipped with travel
protection and channel-mouth switch.
Exposed current-carrying parts of electric equipments that may be touched shall be
equipped with protection measures shall be adopted to prevent electric shock. Other
electric protection devices may also be adopted according to design requirements and
user's requirements.
10.5 Transmission System
10.5.1 Transmission scheme
Generally, transmission system of gate hoist shall adopt AC transmission system.
Where there are special requirements, DC transmission system can also be adopted.
Hoisting mechanism of wire-wound-type asynchronous electromotor controlled by
control panel shall have at least one low-speed step during descending, and electric
braking shall be set during deceleration of descending. But where there are special
conditions (such as grab bucket), exception can be allowed.
10.5.2 Control mode
Control mode shall be selected according to requirement of transmission system to
operational performance and operational mode, type and capacity of electromotor,
load duration rate, switching times, expected service life of controller and type and
position of operational device.
Generally, control mode of wire-wound asynchronous electromotor transmission
system can be selected according to provions of Table 10.5.2.
Table 10.5.2 Control Mode of Transmission by Wire-wound Asynchronous
Electromotor
Control mode
Capacity of
switching times switching times switching times
electromotor, kW
150 300 600
≤22 K K K (P)
>22 P (K) P P
Note: 1. Electromotor capacity refers to rated power of electromotor in basic load
duration rate of intermittent periodic duty (S 3), kW.
2. K refers to direction control by cam-operated controller; P refers to control
by command controller and control panel; symbols out of bracket refer to
types adopted generally, and symbols in bracket refer to types that can be
adopted.
DC system shall adopt control by master controller and control panel generally.
Multiple fixed gate hoists can adopt centralized control and separate control; fixed
gate hoist can also adopt remote control and field control according to concrete
working requirements. If possible, field control of gate hoist can adopt programmable
controller.
10.6 Conducting Wire and Feeder Device
10.6.1 Conducting wire
Conducting wire of gate hoist must adopt copper-core stranded conductor. Type of
conducting wire shall be selected according to laying method, ambient temperature
and voltage class. Generally, rubber insulation wire, cable and plastic insulated cable
can be adopted, and conducting wire with small section may also adopt plastic
insulated wire.
Wiring on gate hoist must adopt multi-strand single-core conductor whose sectional
area shall not be less than 1.5mm 2 and multi-core conductor whose sectional area
shall not be less than 1mm 2. Sectional area of conduction can not be considered for
connection wires of electric devices, oil-pressure servo mechanism and sensor
components.
Generally, wires shall be laid in grooves or metallic ducts. Where it is inconvenient to
lay wires in grooves or metallic ducts or there is relative displacement, wires can be
laid in flexible tubes. Cable can be laid directly. Protective measures shall be adopted
at place where there are mechanical damage, chemical corrosion and oil corrosion.
Wires of different mechanism, AC and DC and different voltage classes shall be laid
in different tubes, illuminating wires are recommended to be laid separately.
Single-core conducting wire whose AC current capacity is over 25A shall not be
allowed to be laid in metallic duct. Junction box shall be set at connection and branch
point of conducting wires, junction box installed outdoor shall have rain-proof
measures and wire holes shall have covers.
Bending radius of cable laying shall not be less than 10 times external diameter of
cable.
10.6.2 Feeder device
1. Feeder device of trolley: cable, copper wire, mold steel or other conducting
material can be adopted. Selection of type and specification shall satisfy requirements
of current capacity and voltage loss in gate hoist. Diameter of copper slide wire shall
not be less than 6mm, and size of angle steel shall not be less than
40mm×40mm×4mm. Feeder device of trolley shall be set at place where is convenient
for maintenance. If nude conducting material is adopted as feeder device of trolley,
safety protection measures shall be set near the device.
Rigid slide wire shall be installed on fixer of isolated slide wire. Spacing among fixer
bracket shall not exceed 3m, length of slide wire extending out of bracket shall not
exceed 0.8m; distance between adjacent slide wire shall not be less than 130mm
vertically and shall not be less than 270mm horizontally. Current collector of rigid
slide wire shall be weighted by self weight or spring, so as to guarantee favorable
connection with slide wire during running, and current collector shall not incline or
decline during running.
Flexible slidebewire
support shall shallonberigid
installed equipped
bracket,with middle devices
and tension support,shall
insulation of middle
be adopted at both
ends of slide wires. Selection of current collector: low capacity and common electric
segment can adopt current collector of single pulley type; failure may be caused by
temporary break of current collector with high capacity, so double-pulley folk-type
bracket shall be adopted.
If mobile cable is adopted for feeder device of trolley, fixed contact box shall be set
on brackets of big trolley and small trolley, and cables shall be arranged tightly. In
addition, cable shall be abraded or shall not bear over tension during running of
trolley and mobile bracket shall be able to move flexibly.
2. Feeder device of big trolley: cable drum or slide wire device can be adopted. When
travel distance is long, capacity is large and cable-drum wound cable must be adopted,
high-voltage power supply can be adopted, and power supply can be transferred to all
mechanism after being stepped down by transformer installed on gate hoist.
10.7 Voltage Loss
Where AC power supply is adopted, voltage loss from low-voltage busbar of power
supply transformer to any terminal of electromotor shall not exceed 15% of rated
voltage during peak current. Generally, voltage loss in gate hoist may be 4%, and may
be 6% for gate hoist that is not often operated.
If power is supplied by cable drum, voltage loss of cable drum shall not belong to
internal voltage loss of gate hoist.
10.8 Lighting, Single and Communication
10.8.1 Lighting
Appropriate lighting shall be available in machine room, electric room, passage,
ladder and cab of gate hoist, and shall comply with relevant standards. Design and
arrangement of working lighting shall not affect visual field of operating personnel in
normal operation. Voltage of fixed lighting power supply shall not exceed 220V, and
metallic structure must not be used as lighting circuit.
If single accumulator is adopted for power supply, voltage shall not exceed 24V, and
supply voltage of portable lighting device shall not exceed 36V.
10.8.2 Signal and communication
State of main power supply of gate hoist shall have obvious signal indication in
operation room. Malfunction signal and alarm signal can be set according to
requirements. Signal device can adopt audible signal and signal lamp, and these
devices shall be set within visual and audible field of relevant personnel.
Telephone, wireless interphone and loudspeaker can be adopted as dispatching and
working communication facilities at power plant.
10.9 Earthing
Reliable earthing shall be made to all electric equipments, metallic enclosure not
carrying current under normal condition, metallic wire tube and metallic cover of
cable and step-down side of safety lighting. Unreliable electric connection between
wheel and track can be caused by non-conducting deposited dust, so mobile gate hoist
shall be equipped with special earthing wire, and earthing trunk is recommended to be
adopted to steel structure where there are many weld.
Users shall
earthing shallbecomply
responsible for earthing ofofrelevant
with requirements big track and fixed gate hoist, and the
codes.
Earthing branch of single low-voltage electric equipment shall adopt copper wire, and
according to mechanical strength, allowable minimum section area shall be 4mm 2 for
exposed nude wire, and shall be 1.5mm2 for insulated wire.
Sectional area of earthing wire shall be reviewed according to possible earthing
short-circuit current and thermal stability, and shall not be less than the following
value generally: steel: 800mm2; copper: 50mm2.
When cab of mobile gate hoist is connected with main structure by bolt, number of
earthing point shall not be less than two. Earthing wire must not be used as
current-carrying zero line.
10.10 Miscellaneous
For electric equipments of gate hoist used in humid tropic zone, dry heat zone and
high-altitude zone, design and selection shall satisfy relevant requirements.
10.11 Working Scope of Electric Design
Working scope of electric design shall include the following content: instruction and
calculation letter, electric principle figure, panel arrangement figure, terminal
installation and wiring figure, field installation and wiring figure, list electric
equipments and materials, as well as structure and manufacture figure of fixed electric
equipments.
Annex A (Informative Annex) Hoisting Force, Lift Head, Span and Speed Series
of Gate Hoist Date and Example of Working Class of Gate Hoist
A.1 Hoisting Force Series
Table A.1 Hoisting Force Series kN
A.2 Lift Head Series

Table A.2 Lift Head Series m
A.3 Span Series of Mobile Gate Hoist

Table A.3 Span Series m
A.4 Speed Series

Table A.4 Speed Series m
Hoisting speed of screw rod gate hoist shall be 0.2m/min - 0.5m/min;

Hoisting speed of winch hoist shall be 1m/min - 2.5m/min.
For mobile gate hoist, running speed of trolley shall be 5m/min - 10m/min, and
running speed of big trolley shall be 10m/min - 25m/min.
Hoisting speed of hydraulic gate hoist shall be 0.2m/min - 1m/min; closing speed of
fast hydraulic gate hoist is recommended not to exceed 5m/min when the gate is
closing to the bottom sill.
A.5 Example of Working Classes
Table A.5 Example of Working Classes
Type of gate hoist Working class
Winch hoist Hoisting maintenance gate Q1-light

Hoisting emergency
Lift head Q1-light, Q2-light
<40m
gate Lift head
Q2-light, Q3-medium
≥40m
Lift head
Q2-light, Q3-medium
Hoisting working gate <40m
Lift head Q3-medium,
≥40m Q4-heavy
Screw-rod gate Hoisting emergency gate Q1-light, Q2-light
hoist Hoisting working gate Q2-light
Chain gate hoist Hoisting working gate Q2-light, Q3-medium
Lift head <40m Q1-light, Q3-medium
Mobile gate hoist Q2-medium,
Lift head ≥40m
Q4-heavy
Annex B (Informative) Recommended Values of Acceleration (Deceleration) of

Running Mechanism and Corresponding Acceleration (Deceleration) Time
Table B.1 Recommended Values of Acceleration (Deceleration) of Running
Mechanism and Corresponding Acceleration (Deceleration) Time
Low-speed and medium-speed Commonly-used medium-speed

gate hoist with long running
gate hoist
Running speed distance
m/s Acceleration Acceleration Acceleration Acceleration
(deceleration) (deceleration) (deceleration) (deceleration)
time t (s) a (m/s2) time t (s) a (m/s2)
l.00 6.6 0.15 4.0 0.25
0.63 5.2 0.12 3.2 0.19
0.40 4.1 0.098 2.5 0.16
0.25 3.2 0.078
0.16 2.5 0.064
Annex C (Informative) Calculation Method of Horizontal Lateral Force Ps

during Oblique Running of Gate Hoist
Horizontal lateral force during oblique running of gate hoist can be proximately
calculated according to the following formula:
Where,
∑P refers to total wheel pressure that may appear on the hoist side where lateral force
is added frequently (it is related trolley position), see Figure C.1;
λ refers to horizontal lateral force coefficient, and it shall be determined according to
Fig. C.2.
L refers to span of gate hoist, m;

B refers to spacing among gate hoists, m; where there are 4 wheels on one track, B
shall adopt spacing among exterior wheel axles; when there are 8 wheels on one track,
B shall adopt distance between two central lines of wheels; if horizontal guide wheel
is adopted, B shall adopt horizontal distances among wheels.
Figure C.1 Position of Trolley of Gate Hoist and Wheel Pressure during Running
Figure C.2 Relation between λ and L/B
Annex D (Informative) Calculation Data of Wind Load

D.1 Windward Area
Windward area of gate hoist structure and object shall be calculated according to the
worst windward direction, and projection area on plane vertical to wind direction shall
be adopted.
D.1.1 Windward area A of signal-piece structure of gate hoist:
Where,
A1 refers to overall area of structure or object, A1 = h×l, see Figure D.1;
φ refers to solidity ratio of structure, namely, φ=A/A1, see Figure D.1.
Figure D.1 Overall Size of Structure or Object

D.1.2 For two parallel structures with same height and type, wind-shielding action of
the front piece to the back piece shall be considered, and total windward area A = A1
+ηA2 (D.2)
Where,
A1 refers to windward area of the front structure, A 1=φ1Al1;
A2 refers to windward area of the back structure, A =φ A ;
2 1 l2
η refers to wind-shielding conversion coefficient of the front piece to the back piece
between two pieces of adjacent truss; it is related to the solidity ratio of the front (first)
piece and spacing ratio a/h between the adjacent two pieces (see Figure D.2).
D.1 For 3 pairs n-pieces parallel structures with the same type, same height and same
spacing, under action of longitudinal wind power, overlapping wind-shielding effect
of multiple-pieces structure shall be considered, and total windward area of structure
shall be determined according to the following formula:
Where,
φ1 refers to solidity ratio of the front (first) structure;
AII refers to overall area of the front (first) structure, m 2.
If formula D.3 is adopted to calculated windward area A and formula 6.0.6-1 is
adopted to calculated total wind load, due to different types of each structure, wind
coefficient of one structure shall be multiplied.
Table D.1 Solidity Ratio of Structure φ

Solid structure and object 1.0
Windward structural type Mechanism 0.8-1.0
and object Truss made of mold steel 0.3-0.6
Steel pipe truss structure 0.2-0.4
Table D.2 Wind-shielding Conversion Coefficient η of Truss Structure

φ 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
1 0.84 0.70 0.57 0.40 0.25 0.15
2 0.87 0.75 0.62 0.49 0.33 0.20
Interval 3 0.90 0.78 0.64 0.53 0.40 0.28
ratio a/h 4 0.92 0.81 0.65 0.56 0.44 0.34
5 0.94 0.83 0.67 0.58 0.50 0.41
6 0.96 0.85 0.68 0.60 0.54 0.46
Note: Wind-shielding conversion coefficient of other structure can be selected
according to Annex D.2 hereof.
D.1.4 Windward Area of Object

Windward area of hoisted object shall be determined according to practical projection
of the object on plane vertical to wind direction. If overall size of object is not definite,
approximate method can be adopted to estimate the value.
Figure D.2 Relation of Spacing among Parallel Structures

D.2 Wind-shielding Conversion Coefficient
D.2.1 Wind-shielding conversion coefficient η of components with I-shaped cross
section, box section and trapezoidal closed section can be approximately adopted
from values listed in the following tables:
D.2.1.1 For wind-shielding conversion coefficient of component with I-shaped cross
section, see Figure D.3 and Table D.3.
Table D.3 Wind-shielding Conversion Coefficient of I-shaped Cross Section
Figure D.3 Parallel Structure Size Relation of Components with I-shaped Cross
Section
D.2.1.3 For wind-shielding conversion coefficient of mixed structure of beam with
I-shaped cross section and truss (mixed structure for short), see Figure D.4, Table D.4
and Table
TableD.5.
D.4 Wind-shielding Conversion Coefficient η of Mixed Structure
Table D.5 Wind-shielding conversion coefficient η, when solidity ratio of truss φ

＝0.3-0.4
Fig. D.4 Relation of Section Construction Size of Mixed Structure

D.2.1.3 For wind-shielding conversion coefficient of component (beam) with
box-type or trapezoidal section, see Fig. D.5 and Table D.6.
Table D.6 Wind-shielding Conversion Coefficient η of Component (Beam) with
Box-type Section and Trapezoidal Section
Figure D.5 Size Relation of Component with Box Section and Trapezoidal
Section
Figure D.7 Wind-shielding Conversion Coefficient of Truss Structure
D.2.3 In truss-type tower frame with square section or like-square section, if oblique
web rod within the same segment of current parallel truss is arranged reversely,
wind-shielding conversion coefficient of the next truss is about 2 time value when
web rod is arranged along the same direction (for values of truss web rod arranged
along the same direction, see Table D.2).
D.2.4 Wind coefficient C of component (beam) with single trapezoidal section under
action of lateral wind power shall be 1.2.
Annex E (Informative) Permissible Physical Quantity of Commonly-used

Friction Surface Material
Table E.1 Maximum Permissible Physical Quantity of Detent and Clutch Surface
[pv]
2
2 N.m/(mm .s)
Material of [p] N/mm For support For control Without lubrication
of decline
frictional
For
surface
For control Block Belt Block Belt Friction Allowable
support of type type type type coefficient temperature℃
decline
Asbestos
rubber
0.8 0.4 5 2.5 2.5 1.5 0.42-0.48 220
rolling best
against steel
Asbestos
steel wire
0.6 0.3 5 2.5 2.5 1.5 0.35 220
braking belt
against steel
Table E.2 Maximum Permissible Physical Quantity of Copper Alloy Bushing

Material
Annex F
(Informative)
Friction Coefficient and Efficiency
Table F.1 Friction Coefficient
Name of frictional material Friction

coefficient
Rolling bearing:
ball-type or column-type 0.015
Taper roller type 1.02
Sliding bearing
Rolling friction force arm between wheel and steel track
Steel wheel - diameter (φ400mm- φ1000mm) flat champignon 0.05-0.07
rail 0.06-0.12
End with arch steel track 0.06-0.09
Cast iron wheel - diameter ( φ400mm-φ1000mm) flat 0.07-0.14
champignon rail
End with arch steel track
Rail clamping device mouth and steel track
Clamp mouth without thread 0.12-0.15
Clamp mouth with thread (HRC ≥55) 0.25
Table F.2 Approximate Value of Mechanical Transmission Efficiency

Transmission part Efficiency
Cylindrical gearing Sliding bearing Rolling bearing

Open-type cylindrical gear pair (grease 0.90-0.92 0.92-0.94
lubrication) 0.96-0.98
Closed-type cylindrical gear pair (oil lubricant)
Bevel gear transmission Sliding bearing Rolling bearing
Open-type bevel gear pair (grease lubrication) 0.90-0.92 0.92-0.94
Closed-type bevel gear pair (oil lubricant) 0.95-0.97
Chain wheel of chain gate hoist 0.90-0.93
Rolling bearing 0.88-0.91
Sliding bearing
Intermediate axle 0.97-0.99
Rolling bearing 0.95-0.97
Sliding bearing
Drum 0.94-0.96
Sliding bearing 0.96-0.98
Rolling bearing
Pulley
Sliding bearing 0.95
Rolling bearing 0.98
Gear coupling 0.96

Decelerator
Monopole cylindrical gear decelerator 0.97

Bipolar cylindrical gear decelerator 0.95
Monopolar bevel gear decelerator 0.95
Double-reduction bevel-spur gear 0.94
Pulley block Sliding bearing Rolling bearing

Reeving of 2
pulleyblock 3
4
5
6
7
8
Annex G (Informative) Relevant Calculation Data of Parts and Track

G.1 Drum
G.1.1 Calculation of Drum Wall
When L≤3D, compression stress of drum wall shall be calculated according to
formula G.1:
Where,
A refers to multi-layer wound coefficient related to winding layers of steel cable; its
value shall be selected from Table G.1;
Smax refers to maximum pull of steel cable, N;
δ refers to thickness of drum wall (for cast iron δmin≥12mm, for cast steel δmin≥15mm),
mm;
t refers to pitch spacing of screw grooves on drum, mm;
[σ p] refers to permissible compression stress, N/mm2;
for steel: [σ p]=σs/1.5 (σs refers to yielding point)
for cast iron: [σ p]=σ b/4.25 (σ b refers to compression intensity).
]
Table G.1 Multi-layer Wound Coefficient
When L>3D, conversion stress generated by bending moment and torque shall be
calculated according to formula G.2:
Where,
MF refers to conversion moment, N·mm;
Mw refers to bending moment borne by drum, N·mm;

Wn refers to torque moment borne by drum, N·mm;
W refers to resistance moment of drum section, mm 3;
[σ] refers to permissible stress, N/mm2;
For steel: [σ]=σs/2.5;
For cast iron: [σ]=σ b/6 (σ b refers to tension intensity).
When D≥1.2m, L>2D, stability shall be calculated according to formula G.3:
Where,
K refers to stability coefficient;

pw refers to critical stress of stability, N/mm 2;
For sSteel:
For cast iron:

R=D/2, R refers to radius of groove bottom of drum, mm;
p refers to unit compression stress of drum wall, N/mm2;

G.1.2 Calculation of Drum Shaft (Fig. G.1)
Main load of drum shaft with large gear shall include: S max (maximum pull of steel
cable), P j (weight of drum and drum shaft), Pc (weight of large gear), Po (periphery
force of large gear) and Pr (radial force of large gear). Pal and P bl refer to counter force
under action of Smax and P j. Horizontal bending force, vertical bending moment and
relevant bending stress of each sections can be calculated separately according to
force calculation diagram of drum shaft.
G.1.3 Calculation of connection between large gear and drum
Figure G.1 Calculation Diagram of Force Borne by Duplex Drum Shaft

If torque is transferred between drum and large gear through sheet, connection bolt
bears no shear, and only plays as connection effect, see Figure G.2. Shear force of
sheet shall be calculated according to formula G.4:
Where,
M refers to torque transferred by sheet, N·mm;
n refers to number of sheet;
d1 refers to exterior aperture of sheet, mm;
d2 refers to interior aperture of sheet, mm;
D refers to diameter of center circle among sheets, mm.
Torque is directly transferred by bolt between drum and large gear through reamed
hole, and it also plays connection role. Shear stress of bolt used for reamed hole shall
be calculated according to formula G.5:
Figure G.2 Connection Figure between Drum and Large Gear
Where,
d1 refers to diameter of stick part of bolt used for reamed hole, mm;
For meaning of other symbols, see relevant definition stated above.
Extrusion stress shall be calculated according to length L φ of bolt used for sheet or
reamed hole transferring torque and according to formula G.6:
Where symbols have same meaning as stated above.

For 45# steel sleeve that is processed, [ τ]=85N/mm2, [σcm] = 280N/mm2。
G.1.4 Calculation of Bolt of Pressure Plate
Steel cable shall be fixed on to the drum by pressure plate, see Figure G.3.
Figure G.3 Figure for Fixing of Steel Cable

Tension stress of pressure plate bolt shall include tension stress generated by driving
force and tension force generated by bending of bolt caused by friction between
washer and pressure plate.
Calculation of tension stress of pressure plate bolt is related to wrap angle a of steel
cable on drum and shape of groove of pressure plate.
When a = 3π:
If groove of pressure plate is of trapezia, tension stress of pressure plate bolt shall be
Where,
Smax refers to maximum pull of steel cable;
n refers to number of bolt of pressure plate; it shall not be less than 2;
L refers to force arm of friction action (see Figure G.3).
[σ1] refers to permissible tension stress,[ σ1]=σs/2.5
If groove of pressure plate is round, tension stress of pressure plate bolt shall be

When a = 4π:
If groove of pressure plate is of trapezia, tension stress of pressure plate bolt shall be

If groove of pressure plate is round, tension stress of pressure plate bolt shall be
Figure G.4 Forging Single-hook Structure

G.2 Lifting tools
G.2.1 Forging single hook

Structure of single forging hook is show in Figure G.4.
G.2.1.1 Strength calculation of hook body
Tension stress at internal side of A-A section shall be calculated according to formula
G.11:
Where,
P refers to calculation load of hook, N;
e1 refers to distance from center of gravity of section to interior side of section, mm;
K refers to shape coefficient of A-A section; A-A section is usually used as trapezoidal
section (see Figure G.4), h≈D、 b1≈0.67h、 b2≈0.4b1, K ≈0.1;
A refers to area of A-A section, mm2;
D refers to diameter of lifting hole of hook, mm.
G.2.1.3 Strength calculation of thread and screw rod of hook head.
(1) Tension stress of screw rod neck shall be calculated according to formula (G.12)
Where,
d0 refers to diameter of screw rod neck, mm.
(2) Bending stress of screw rod neck shall be calculated according to formula G.13:
Where,
d refers to exterior diameter of thread, mm;
d1 refers to interior diameter of thread, mm;
n refers to number of working thread;
h refers to height of thread root, mm.
(3) Extrusion stress of contact surface of thread shall be calculated according to
formula G.14:
Where,
t refers to spacing among thread, mm;

Figure G.5 Relation Figure for Size of Lifting Folk
H refers to height of thread contact surface, mm.
G.2.2 Lifting folk
G.2.2.1 Strength calculation of folk body:
Tension stress at internal side of A-A section shall be calculated according to formula
G.15:
Where,
P refers to calculation load of lifting folk;
a refers to conversion coefficient of stress; it shall be selected according to
in Figure G.6.
Interior stress of axle hole on B-B section shall be calculated according to formula
G.16:
Where, for h2, d and a, see Figure G.5.
Figure G.6 Relation Figure between a and .
Exterior tension stress of C-C section shall be calculated according to formula G.17:
Where,
K refers to shape coefficient of C-C section; for rectangular section
, for b, D and h3 see Figure G.5.

G.2.3 Lifting plate
Size relation of lifting plate is shown in Figure G.7.
Figure G.7 Size Relation of Lifting Plate

(1) Bearing stress of hole wall of lifting plate shall be calculated according to formula
G.18:
Where,
P refers to load borne by one lifting plate, N;
δ refers to thickness of lifting plate, mm;

d refers to diameter of axle hole of lifting plate, mm;
(2) Tension stress on horizontal section of axle hole of lifting plate can be calculated
according to formula G.19:
Where,
B refers to width of lifting plate, mm;
a refers to stress concentration coefficient; it shall be selected according to d/B and
Figure G.8.
Figure G.8 Relation between a and d/B

(3) Tension stress on vertical cross-section of axle hole of lifting plate can be
Where,
R=B/2, mm。
G.3 Wheel Trolley
G.3.1 Calculation of fatigue strength of wheel tread
Calculation load Pc of fatigue strength on wheel tread shall be calculated according to
formula G.21:

Where,
P
with refers
max to maximum wheel pressure of big trolley or small trolley during running
load, N;
Pmin refers to minimum wheel pressure of big trolley or small trolley during running
with load, N.
Line fatigue strength of line contract on wheel tread shall be calculated according to
formula G.22:
Where,
K 1 refers to permissible line contract stress constant related to material,
N/mm2; steel wheel K shall be selected from Table G.2;
D refers to diameter of wheel tread, mm;
b refers to effective contact width between wheel tread and track, mm;
c1 refers to rotation speed coefficient, see Table G.3;
c2 refers to working class coefficient, see Table G.4.
Line fatigue strength of point contract on wheel tread shall be calculated according to
formula G.23:
Where,
K 2 refers to permissible point contact stress constant related to material, N/mm 2; steel
wheel K2 shall be selected from Table G.2.
R refers to larger value of curvature radius of wheel tread and track, mm;
m refers to coefficient determined according to ratio of curvature radius of track head
and wheel tread (r/R); it shall be selected from Table G.5.
G.3.2 Contact strength calculation of wheel tread
Calculation load P b of contact strength of wheel tread shall be maximum wheel
pressure of gate hoist under maximum hoisting load.
Line fatigue strength of line contract on wheel tread shall be calculated according to
formula G.24:
Pb≤2.2K 1D b (G.24)
Table G.2 K1 and K2 Values
σ b K 1 K 2
500 3.8 0.053
600 5.6 0.1
650 6.0 0.132
700 6.6 0.171
>800 7.2 0.245
2
Note: 1. σ refers to tension strength of material that has not be treated, N/mm .
b
2. Generally, steel wheel may need to go through heat treatment; line contact
can adopt HB = 300 - 340, point contract can adopt HB = 340 - 380, and
depth of heat treatment can be 15mm - 20mm. During determination of
permissible value of K1 and K2, σ b of material that has not be treated shall
be adopted.
2
3. When ductile cast iron is adopted,

selected according to σ b=500N/mm2. σ ≥
500N/mm , K 1 and K 2 shall be
b
Table G.3 Value of Rotation Speed Coefficient C 1

Rotation speed of C1 Rotation speed of C2
wheel r/min wheel r/min
22.4 1.04 11.2 1.12
20 1.06 10 1.13
18 1.07 8 1.14
16 10.9 6.3 1.15
14 1.1 5.6 1.16
12.5 1.11 5 1.17
Table G.4 Working Class Coefficient C2

Working class of running mechanism Q1 Q2 03 Q4
C2 1.25 1.12 1.0 0.0
Where, meaning of symbols are same with those defined in formula G.22.
Line fatigue strength of point contact on wheel tread shall be calculated according to
formula G.25:
P b≤3.3K 1D b (G.25)
Where, meaning of symbols are same with those defined in formula G.23.
Table G.5 Value of Coefficient m
r/ 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.15 0.10 0.05
R
m 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.49 0.53 0.60 0.41 0.80 0.67 1.28
8 0 0 0 8 0 6 0 6 0 0 0
Note: 1. When r/R adopts other values, m value can be calculated according to
interpolation method;
2. r shall be smaller curvature radius of two surface contacted, mm.
G.4 Track
For track under action of strength calculation load Pb of wheel, see Figure G.9.

Figure G.9 Track Wheel Strength Calculation
G.4.1 foundation bearing stress of track bottom plate can be calculated according to
formula G.26. When center distance between two adjacent rolling wheels is less than
3hk , approximate calculation can be made according to formula G.27:
Where,
σ b refers to wheel strength calculation load, N;
hk refers to track height, mm;
Bk refers to width of bottom plate of track, mm;
L refers to middle distance between two adjacent rolling wheels, mm.
If track foundation is made of concrete, permissible bearing stress [σ ] shall be
0
adopted according to Table G.6.
Table G.6 Permissible Stress of Concrete [σ0] N/mm2
Symbol Concrete grade
150 200 250 300

[σ0] 5 7 9 11
G.4.2 Bending stress of track section can be calculated according to formula G.28:
Where,
Wk refers to resistance moment of track section, mm3;
Meanings of P b and Hk are same with definition stated above.
B.4.3 Local bearing stress of track neck can be calculated according to formula G.29:
Where,
δ refers to distance from track neck to track level, mm;

t refers to thickness of track neck, mm.
G.4.4 Bending stress of bottom plate of track can be calculated according to formula
G.30:
Where,
c refers to length of cantilever of bottom plate, mm;
δ refers to thickness of bottom plate, mm;
G.5 Calculation of load-bearing nut of hoisting screw rod
G.5.1 strength calculation of hoisting screw rod:
Due to that hoisting force is usually greater than closing force, so hoisting force shall
be adopted as strength calculation load of P1.
Twisting moment Mk borne by hoisting screw rod can be calculated according to
formula G.31.
Where,
P1 refers to hoisting force, N;
a refers to lifting angle of thread;
p' refers to equivalent frictional angle,

f refers to sliding frictional coefficient between screw rod and nut; it is related to
material and processing precision; it shall adopt 0.07-0.15 generally, or average value
0.12 can be adopted;
β refers to section angle of thread, for rectangular thread β=0 degree, for trapezoidal
thread β=30 degrees.
d2 refers to diameter of thread, mm.
Torsional shearing stress τk of hoisting screw rod can be calculated according to
formula G.32:
Where,
Mk refers to twisting moment,
d1 refers to interior diameter of thread, mm.

Bending moment borne by hoisting screw rod can be calculated according to formula
G.33:
Where,
μ refers to frictional coefficient of gantry pillars;
d0 refers to diameter of pivot shaft of gantry pillar, mm.

Bending stress of hoisting screw rod can be calculated according to G.34;
Where,
M refers to bending moment,
Axial stress of hoisting screw rod can be calculated according to formula G.35:
Where,
P1 refers to hoisting force, N;
Combined stress of hoisting screw rod can be calculated according to formula
G.36:
Where,
refers to bending stress, N/mm2;
refers to axial stress, N/mm2;
refers to yielding point of material, N/mm 2;
refers to shearing stress, N/mm2.
G.5.2 Stability verification of hoisting screw rod:
When slenderness ratio of hoisting screw rod stability can be verified
according to formula G.37.
Where,
P2 refers to closing force, N;
E refers to elastic modulus of material, N/mm2;
n refers to stability safety coefficient; it shall be 1.8 - 3 generally;
Conversion coefficient of length; ；
L refers to practical length of tension calculation of hoisting screw rod, mm;

d1 refers to interior diameter of thread of screw rod, mm;
When slenderness ratio of hoisting screw rod and there is additional bending
moment action, calculation shall be made according to formula G.38:

Where,
P2 refers to closing force, N;
refers to stability coefficient of eccentrical compression; it shall be adopted

according to Table G.7;
A refers to sectional area of interior diameter of screw rod, mm2;
Table G.7 Value of Stability of Eccentric Compression
Table G.7 (Continue)
Note: 1. eccentricity refers to resistance moment of

section of screw rod whose interior diameter is d1;
2. Slenderness ratio
G.5.3 Strength Calculation of Load-bearing Nut:

Working height H of load-bearing nut shall satisfy requirements of bearing stress on
contact surface of thread, and can be calculated according to formula G.39:

Where,
P1 refers
t refers toto hoisting
thread force,mm;
distance, N;
d refers to exterior diameter of thread, mm;
H refers to height of nut, mm; H/t refers to number of working teeth of thread, it shall
adopt 10 when it exceed 10;
[q] refers to permissible bearing stress, N/mm2; it can be selected from Table G.8.
Bending strength of thread root can be calculated according to formula G.40:
Where,
Z refers to number of working teeth of thread; it shall adopt 10 when it exceeds 10;
h refers to height of thread;
b refers to thickness of tread root, for trapezoidal thread
refers to permissible bending stress, N/mm2; it shall be selected according
to Table G.7.
Shearing strength of thread root shall be calculated according to formula G.41:
Where,
refers to permissible shearing stress, N/mm2; it shall be selected from Table
G.8;
Meanings of other symbols have same meaning with those defined above.
Table G.8 Permissible Stress of Commonly-used Material of Load-bearing Nut
N/mm2
Bending Shearing
Material name
Bearing stress [q] stress
stress
ZcmSm5Pb5Zm5 6-8 50-40 25-30

ZCuSn10Pb1 10-13 40-55 30-41
ZCUAl10Fe3 15-20 66-78 50-58
HT250 4-6 46-48 30-38
Note: sand casting material shall adopt small value, and die cast metallic material
shall adopt the bigger one.
Annex H (Informative) Calculation Data for the Hydraulic Gate Hoist

H.1 Calculation of Oil Pump Electric Machine Unit
H.1.1 Calculation of Maximum Working Pressure and Maximum Working Flow of
the Oil Pump
The maximum working pressure of the oil pump shall be calculated according to
Formula :
Where,
The rated working pressure of the oil cylinder;
: The total pressure loss of the system; it is usually selected 5%-10% of
the rated working pressure.
The maximum working flow of the oil pump can be calculated according to:
Where:
: The maximum working flow of the oil cylinder working at the same
time;
K: the leakage coefficient of the system; 1-1.3;
The rated pressured of the hydraulic pump shall be greater than or equal to 1.25P 1. If
there are test behaviors, the requirements on the test pressure shall be met.
H.1.2 Calculation of the Electromotor Power
The driving power (P) of the hydraulic pump shall be calculated according to:
Where,
: The driving power of the hydraulic pump, kW;
: The maximum working pressure of the oil pump, MPa;
: The maximum working flow of the oil pump, L/min;

: The total efficiency of the hydraulic pump; it shall be selected according to
Table H.1.
Table H.1 The Total Efficiency of the Hydraulic Pump
Type of the Gear Wheel Pump Vane Pump Plunger Pump
Hydraulic Pump
Total Efficiency
H.2 Calculation
H.2.1 ofof
Calculation the Diameter
the and
Diameter of Wall Thickness
the Oil Pipe of the Oil Pipe
The internal diameter (d) of the oil pipe shall meet requirements on the flow and flow
speed. It shall be calculated according to:
Where:
: The internal diameter of the oil pipe, mm;
: Working flow, L/min;
: the permissible flow speed, m/s (for the oil suction pipe,
, for the pressure oil pipe, , for

the stub pipe, and for the short pipes and partial
shrinking place, .
H.2.2 Calculation of Wall Thickness of the Oil Pipe
The wall thickness ( ) of the oil pipe shall be calculated according to:
Where:
Wall thickness of the oil pipe, mm;
: The maximum working pressure of the oil pipe, MPa;
: The internal diameter of the oil tube, mm;
: The permissible stress of the oil piper; it shall be calculated according to
Formula (H.6). For the copper pipe,
: Tensile strength, N/mm2;
: Safety factor;
H.3 Calculation of the Sealed Frictional Resistance

The frictional resistance (Pv) of the lock ring shall be sum of the plunger sealing and
piston rod sealing frictional resistances. It shall be calculated according to:
Where,
Frictional resistance, N;
The pressure difference on both sides of the piston packing, Mpa;
: The pressure difference on both sides of the piston rod packing, Mpa;
: the internal diameter of the oil cylinder, mm;
The external diameter of the piston rod, mm;
: the effective height of the plunger sealing;
: The effective height of the piston rod packing, mm;
The friction factor of the lock ring; it shall be 0.06-0.2;
The frictional compensation coefficient of the piston packing;
The frictional compensation coefficient of the piston rod packing ring; for
the O-type lock ring, For the impaction lock
ring,: For the lip lock ring,:

H.4 Main structural dimensions of the oil cylinders are recommended as follows:
H.4.1 The length (l) of the rod bush shall be 0.8-1.5 times of the diameter of the piston
rod. If it is tilt or horizontally arranged, the larger value shall prevail. The guide
distance (under the full extension state of the piston rod, the distance from the center
of the guide sleeve of the plunger to the center of the rod bush) of the tilt or
horizontally allocated oil cylinder shall be greater than (D/2+H/20), But shall be no
less than three times of the diameter of the piston rod. D is the diameter of the plunger
and H is the journey of the hydraulic cylinder.
H.4.2 The width (b) of the plunger shall be 0.6-1.0 time of the internal diameter of the
oil cylinder.
H.4.3 During the initial selection, the diameter of the piston rod shall be 0.4-0.6 time
of the internal diameter of the oil cylinder. Then, the strength calculation and stability
calculation is carried out.
H.5 Strength Calculation of the Cylinder Wall
H.5.1 The cylinder wall thickness (d) shall be calculated according to the moderate
thickness of
Where,
The cylinder wall thickness, mm;
The rated working pressure of the oil cylinder;
The internal diameter of the hydraulic cylinder, mm;
The specific strength; for the seamless steel pipe,
The additional thickness considering the wall thickness tolerance and the
corrosion; commonly, it is rounded up to the nominal thickness;
The permissible stress of the cylinder material; MPa;
Where,
The tensile strength of the cylinder material; MPa;
safety coefficient
H.5.2 Conversion stress of section where is far enough from

flange and bearing flange shall be calculated according to:
where,
longitudinal stress,
Hoop stress,
The rated pressure in the cylinder.

Other symbols shall refer to Figure H.1.
Figure H.1 Calculation Schedule of the Cylinder Flange Strength

At the section of the cylinder and the flange joint, the strength calculation of the
cylinder wall shall be carried out by overlaying with the longitudinal stress and hoop
stress due to the evenly-distributed bending moment (M 0). The reduced stress
shall be calculated according to:
Where,
The longitudinal principal stress;

Where, M0 is the evenly-distributed bending moment.
Hoop stress principal stress.
The Poisson ratio of the steel:

Other symbols shall refer to Figure H.1.
H.6 Calculation of the Piston Rod
H.6.1 The calculation of the piston rod with the single-action cylinder installed on
the rigid mount:
H.6.1.1 If there is no lateral displacement for the gate and the piston rod receives the
pull. The tension force can be calculated according to:
Figure H.2 Calculation Schedule of the Single-action Cylinder Rigid Mount Piston
Rod
Where,
The pull of the piston rod, N;
The maximum diameter of the piston rod section, mm.

H.6.1.2 If the lateral displacement happens to the gate (as shown in Figure H.2), the
piston rod will receive the pull and being moment. The stress of the piston rod shall be
calculated according to:
Where,
The minimum diameter of the piston rod section, mm;
The calculated bending moment of the piston rod;
The bending moment acting on the piston rod,
If the lateral displacement ( ) generated on the end of the piston rod, the
relevant horizontal force (the piston rod at the upper limit position), N;
Where,
The elastic modulus of the piston rod materials,
The moment of inertia of the piston rod section, mm 4;
see Figure H.2, mm;
The bending moment due to the friction in the gate ear, It shall
be calculated according to:
Where,
The ax diameter of the gate ear, mm;
The friction factor at the piston rod ear; it shall be selected according to Table
H.2.
H.6.2 The calculation of the piston rod with the single-action cylinder installed on the
rotation mount:
The piston rod of the single-action cylinder installed on the rotation bearing, the
bending moment (Figure H.3) due to the friction between the rotation bearing and the
ear as well as the pull shall be received. The stress shall be calculated according to:
Where,
The minimum diameter of the piston rod section, mm;
The calculated bending moment of the piston rod critical section;
Where,
be calculated according to:
The bending moment due to the friction i the oil cylinder cylinder body
cylinder body rotation bearing,
Where,
The friction factor in the rotation bearing of the oil cylinder body shall be
selected according to Table H.2.
The supporting ax diameter of the rotation bearing, mm;
shall refer to Figure H.3; mm,

Figure H.3 Calculation Schedule of the Single-action Cylinder Rotation Mount Piston
Rod
Table H.2 Friction Factor (f) in Rotation Bearings
Bearing Type Friction Factor
Without lubrication Grease lubrication
Sliding Bearing Steel Vs Steel
Steel Vs Pig Iron
Steel Vs Gunmetal
Antifriction Ball bearing
Bearing Roller bearing
H.6.1 The calculation of the piston rod with the double-acting cylinder installed on the
rigid mount.
H.6.3.1 If there is no lateral displacement in the gate and the piston rod receives the
pull or pressure, the pull and compressive stress shall be calculated according to
Formula (H.11).
Where,
The pressure of the piston rod,N;
The diameter of the piston rod,mm;
the longitudinal bending coefficient. According to the flexibility ( ), it shall
be selected according to Table H.3
Where,
The reduced length of the piston rod, mm; it is related with the fixed form of
the oil cylinder body, as shown in Figure H.4.
Table H.3 The Longitudinal Bending Coefficient

Pressure (
in the Center ) of the Piston Rod Receiving
Flexibility 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
λ
Material
1.00 0.99 0.97 0.95 0.92 0.89 0.86 0.81 0.75 0.69 0.60
1.00 1.00 0.98 0.95 0.93 0.90 0.84 0.80 0.74 0.66 0.59
Flexibility 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
λ
Material
0.52 0.45 0.40 0.36 0.32 0.29 0.26 0.23 0.21 0.19
0.43 0.38 0.32 0.28 0.27 0.24 0.21 0.19 0.17 0.15
Figure H.4 Calculation Schedule of Reduced Length of the Piston Rod

Figure H.5 Calculation Schedule of Stability of the Piston Rod
H.6.3.2 If the gate possible has the lateral displacement, the piston rod will receive the
pull (pressure) and the bending moment, considering the behavior (Figure H.5) of the
protruded oil cylinder of the piston rod. The stress shall be calculated according to
Formula (H.16). The stability shall be calculated according to Formula (H.17).
Where,
: the pull of the piston rod, N;
The calculated bending moment of the piston rod;

The bending moment acting on the piston rod,
the lateral displacement ( )generated on the end of the piston rod, N;
The elastic modulus of the piston rod materials, MPa;

The moment of inertia of the piston rod section, mm 4;
be calculated according to Formula (H.13):
please refer to Figure H.5, mm;
Where,
the permissible stress reduction coefficient during the longitudinal bending of
the piston rod. According to the conditions, the flexibility and the reduced
eccentricity rate ( ) shall be selected according to Table H.4.
The pressure of the piston rod,N;
The conditional flexibility shall be calculated according to:
Where,
Piston rod flexibility, The value shall be selected as

shown in Figure
The yielding point of the piston rod materials, N/mm2,

The safety factor of the piston rod materials, n=1.1-1.2;
The reduced eccentricity rate (m0) shall be calculated according to:
Where,
The influence coefficient of the sectional form; If If
Table H.4 Permissible Stress Reduction Coefficient Under the Longitudinal Bending
of the Piston Road Eccentrically Compressed

H.6.4 The piston rod of the double-acting cylinder installed on the rotation bearings
receives the pull (pressure) force and the bending moment. The stress on the piston
rod shall be calculated according to Formula (H.14). Also, the stability shall be
checked according to Formula (H.10).
During the stability calculation, the conditional flexibility ( ) shall be calculated
according to Formula (H.18).

The reduced length (L0 shall be decided according to Figure H.6 and Formula (H.20):
If ,
If b>0.4m,

Figure H.6 Calculation Schedule of Double-acting Cylinder Rotation Bearing
Where,
: The inertia moment of the piston rod and the oil cylinder body section,
mm4;
The reduced eccentricity (m0) shall be decided according to the bending moment
diagram feature (Figure H.3) of the piston rod, the ratio between bending moments on
both ends, the conditional flexibility and the relative eccentricity rate (m)
according to the Table H.5.
The relative eccentricity shall be calculated according to Formula (H.21):
Where,
The larger value between M1 and M2, the end bending moments.
The influence coefficient of the sectional form;
The stress of the piston rod, N;

During the calculation of the K=Mmin/Mmax, the smaller value of the M 1 and M2, end
bending moments (absolute value) shall be Mmin and the larger, M max.
The calculation of the piston rod of the horizontal type double-acting cylinder:
H.6.4 The piston rod of the double-acting cylinder installed on the rotation bearings
receives the pull (pressure) force and the bending moment. The stress on the piston
rod shall be calculated according to Formula (H.14). Also, the stability shall be
checked according to Formula (H.10). The load diagram and the bending moment
diagram of the piston rod shall refer to Figure H.7.
The bending moment M1 due to the friction in the ear shall be calculated according to
Formula (H.13):
The bending moment M2 due to the friction in the oil cylinder bearing shall be
calculated according to Formula (H.22):
Table H.5 Converted Eccentricity m0

Figure H.7 Horizontal Type Oil Cylinder Calculation Schedule
(a) Oil Cylinder Arrangement Plan
(b) When the door rotates the angle of , the load diagram and the bending moment
diagram.
(c) When the door rotates the angle of , the load diagram and the bending moment
diagram.
Where,
The bending moment due to the friction on the shaft neck of the rotation
bearing beam;
The moment to the oil cylinder rotation center from the friction of the tail
bracket.
The gross weight of the oil cylinder including the hydraulic oil.
The diameter of the end weight bearing wheel, mm;
The diameter of the wheel and axle of the end weight bearing wheel, mm
The force arm of the rolling friction; it shall be 0.5mm-0.6mm;
The friction factor of the rotation shaft neck; it shall be selected according to
Table H.1.
The radius from the tail weight bearing wheel to the oil cylinder rotation
center, mm;
During the stability calculation, the conditional flexibility ( ) shall be calculated

according to Formula (H.21).
The reduced length (L0) shall be decided according to Figure H.6 and Formula (H.20):
The relative eccentricity

the converted shall
eccentricity (m0)be calculated according
shall be decided to Formula
according (H.21):
to the bending moment
diagram feature (Figure H.7), the ratio between bending moments on both ends, the
conditional flexibility ( ) and the relative eccentricity (m) in Table H5.

H.7 Pollution Class of Hydraulic Oil
Pollution Class of Dubbing Solid Particles in ISO4406, please refer to Table H.6.
H.7 Pollution Class of Dubbing Solid Particles in NAS1638 shall refer to Table H.7.
Pollution Class of Actuating Medium Actuating Medium Solid Particles for the
Hydraulic Pressure System in GB/T 14039 shall refer to Table H.8.
Table H.6 Pollution Class of Dubbing Solid Particles in ISO4406
Table H.7 Pollution Class of Dubbing Solid Particles in NAS1638

(granularity in 100ml)
Table H.8 Pollution Class of Hydraulic Pressure System Hydraulic Pressure System
Actuating Medium Solid Particles
Table H.8 (continued)
Annex J (Informative) Materials for Calculating Stability of Two-way or

One-way Bending Members
J.1 Materials for Calculating Stability of Two-way or One-way Bending Members
The stability of the two-way or one-way bending members shall be calculated
according to Formula (J.1), (J.2) and (J.3). It shall also be in accordance with:
Where,
The calculated axial pressure, N;
The axial compression member stability factor selected according to the
maximum length-diameter ratio of the structure or the maximum presumed one; it
shall look up in Table J.1 and J.2.
The compensation factor for the axle load stability shall be calculated
according to Formula (J.4) or looked up in Table (J.3) and Table (J.4). The
smaller value of the Euler critical load Nex and Ney. They shall be calculated according
to the following formula:
The gross sectional area of the structure, mm2;
refers to bending moment of end of structural component,
refers to maximum bending moment caused by transverse load in
structure; when Mh is reverse against M0 and , shall adopt
zero,
Wx and Wy refer to resistance moment of section of structural component, mm 3;
refers to ingral stability coefficient of bending component; components that
comply with conditions listed clause 1 of 9.5.3 , shall be 1, those that fail to
comply with the conditions, value of can be selected according to Table J.8 and
formula J.9.
refers to conversion coefficient of different end bending moment; it

can be calculated according to formula J.5 and J.6;
refers to ratio of end bending moment borne by two ends of
component; they shall carry their own signs and their absolute value shall not exceed
1.
refers to bending coefficient of transverse load; when transverse load is a
concentrated force, And it shall be 1 in other conditions;
refers to influence coefficient of end bending moment winding strong shaft
to end bending moment winding weak shaft; when section is of closed type,
slenderness ratios of section or structural component with strong
anti-twisting performance are same, can adopt 1; in general condition,
shall be greater than 1, and it can be calculated according to formula J.7;

refers to coefficient, see Table J.5 and J.6;
refers to coefficient; it shall adopt 0.15 for section with common open.
Table J.1 Stability Coefficient of Q235 Steel Axial Central Compression Component
Table J.2 Stability Coefficient φ of Q345 Axial Central Compression Component
Table J.3 Correction Coefficient ψ of Axial Compression Stability of Q235 Steel
Table Correction Coefficient ψ of Axial Compression Stability of Q345 Steel
Table J.5 a Value of I-shaped Section
Table J.6 a Value of Groove Section
for space truss component, can adopt 1 during calculation; and
additional bending moment formed by primary displacement of

structural component caused by manufacturing error can be added into second
bending moment and the third bending moment in formula J.1.

J.2 Whole Stability Calculation of Bending Component
When bending component can not comply with condition of clause 1 of 9.5.3, whole
stability of component can be verified according to formula J.1 and J.2; value can
be selected according to Table J.7 or be calculated according to formula J.8 and J.9.
of bending component with I-shaped combination section
If component section is of I-shaped combination section, whole stability coefficient of

bending component can be calculated according to formula J.8:
Table J.7 Whole Stability of Double-end Simply-supported Structure of Common
Rolled I-shaped Steel
Load condition Grade Free length

of 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
I-shaped
steel
Component Action Upper 10-20 2.0 1.30 0.99 0.80 0.68 0.58 0.53 0.48 0.43
without position of flange
lateral concentrated 22-32 2.4 1.48 1.09 0.86 0.72 0.62 0.54 0.49 0.45
supporting load 36-63 2.8 1.60 1.07 0.83 0.68 0.56 0.50 0.45 0.40
points Lower 10-20 3.1 1.95 1.34 1.01 0.82 0.69 0.63 0.57 0.52
within span flange 22-40 - 2.80 1.84 1.37 1.07 0.86 0.73 0.64 0.56
45-63 - - 2.30 1.62 1.20 0.96 0.80 0.69 0.60
Component Action Upper 10-20 1.7 1.12 0.84 0.68 0.57 0.50 0.45 0.41 0.37
without position of flange 22-40 2.1 1.30 0.93 0.73 0.60 0.51 0.45 0.40 0.36
lateral evenly 45-63 2.6 1.45 0.97 0.73 0.59 0.50 0.44 0.38 0.35
supporting distributed Lower 10-20 2.5 1.55 1.08 0.83 0.38 0.56 0.52 0.47 0.42
points load flange 22-40 - 2.20 1.45 1.10 0.85 0.70 0.60 0.52 0.46
within span 45-63 - - 1.80 1.25 0.95 0.78 0.65 0.55 0.49
Component with lateral supporting 10-20 3.2 1.39 1.10 0.79 0.6 0.57 0.52 0.47 0.42
point within span, no matter where 22-40 3.0 1.80 1.24 0.96 0.76 0.65 0.56 0.49 0.43
load is added. 45-63 - 2.20 1.38 1.10 0.80 0.66 0.56 0.49 0.43

Note:
1. Note: Concentrated load refers to the condition where a few concentrated loads are added
within 1/3 scope of midspan; loads in other conditions shall be considered as evenly
distributed load.
2. of tolled I-shaped steel shall be adopted according to this table; when is
greater than 0.8, shall be selected according to Table J.8 to substitute .

3. This table is only applicable to Q235 steel; when values listed in this table are used in steel of
2
other grades, selected from table shall multiply ( , N/mm ).
4. when is not less than 2, whole stability needs not to be verified; if values are
greater than 2.5 times values listed in this table, they shall be converted. Values of
that are not listed in this table are greater than 3.60.
Where,
refers to whole stability coefficient; when calculation result is greater than 0.8,
its value shall be selected from Table J.8;
K2 and k3 refer to coefficients, and their values shall be selected from Table J.9 and
Table J.10;
K1 refers to coefficient, and its value shall be selected according to the following
provisions:
For double-end simple supported member with axially-symmetrical combination
sections:
When ,
When ,
For double-end simple-supported components having reinforced compression flange
plate and axial-symmetric web plate:
When ,
When ;

For double-axle symmetrical cantilever component with combined section k1 = 1;
Where,
refers to thickness of web plate, mm;
refers to thickness of compression flange plate, mm;

y refers to distance from axel to fiber bearing maximum pressure, mm;
I1 and I2 refers to inertia moment of compression flange and tension flange to y axis,
mm4;
l refers to free length of compression flange of component, mm;
b refers to width of compression flange, mm;
h refers to height of component, mm;
Ix and Iy refer to inertia moment of section to x axis and y axis, mm 4;
refers to yielding point of steel material, N/mm2, Q235 shall adopt 240N/mm2.
Table J.8 Stability Coefficient
Table J.9 Coefficient K 2 and K 3 of Double-end Simple-supported Component with
I-shaped Section
Coefficient Component without lateral Component with lateral
supporting points within span supporting point within

Concentrated Evenly span, no matter where
load distributed load is added.
load
Along Along Along Along Double-axle Single-axle
upper lower upper lower symmetrical symmetrical
flange flange flange flange section section
K2 1480 4750 1350 360 2360 1970
K3 1200 1200 1040 1040 1180 980
K2 460 3730 460 2710 1450 1210

K3 2400 240 2080 2080 2240 1870
Note: Concentrated load refers to the condition where a few concentrated loads are added
within 1/3 scope of midspan; loads in other conditions shall be considered as evenly
distributed load.
Table J.10 Coefficient k1 and k2 of Component with I-shaped Equal-section
Cantilever
Action position of concentrated load K1 K2
Upper 480 1330
flange
-300 2890
Section center 2650 2500

Lower flange 5690 1350
Note: this table is applicable conditions where free end of
component is fixed due to that concentrated load is added.
J.2.2 φw Value of Rolled Groove Steel with Simple Support

If the terminal of component section is made of rolling channel steel, the calculation
of the steadiness coefficient of load type and holding position shall base on Formula
J.12, but the steadiness coefficient shall not more than 1.0.
Symbols as above.
J.3 Local stability calculation of steel plate
J.3.1 The calculation on the critical stress of compression stress ( σ1), shearing strength
(τ) and local crushing stress ( ) shall according to Formula J.13, Formula J.14, and
Formula J.15:
Where:
Critical compression stress
Critical shearing stress
Critical local crushing stress

Plate edges elastic coefficient. From the range of 1 to 1.26, while one side
under the transverse pressure of marginal plate or the longitudinal extended
end-plate, choose the maximum value.
The flexion coefficient of simply supported on four sides plate,

depend on the side ratio (a/b) and the side load, base on Table J.11 to calculate out the
flexion coefficient, and the ribbed plate refer to Table J.12.
Euler stress calculation shall base on Formula J.16:
Where:
Thickness of plate, mm；
Width or height of plate, mm。
If the ribbed stiffener conform to the requirements of dimension, that can calculate the
stability of partial section, as well as the stability of partial section and the ribbed
plate.
J.3.2 The calculation on the critical combined stress of compression stress ( σ1),
shearing strength (τ) and local crushing stress () shall according to Formula J.17
Where:
The signification of ψ refer to Table J.11
Particular case：
While local pressure affect on the fringe of plate, during calculation, the value of
or will set down as o. If the critical combined stress (include the particular
case as above) over 0.75σ5, according to Formula J.18 to calculate the reduced critical
combined stress.
Where:
Yield point of materials

J.3.3 Allowable stress of local stability and the calculation of local stability:
The calculation of allowable stress of local stability base on Formula J.19 or Formula
J.20. when ,
If , then
Table J.11 Flection coefficient of local clapboard
No. Load condition a＝a/b K
1 uniform or
nonuniformity
compression
2 uniform or
nonuniformity
compression
3 flexion
mainly caused
by pressure Flexion coefficient (No. 1) while

Flexion coefficient (No. 2) while

4 Pure shear

5 single side
partial
compression
Note: if a>3, base on a＝3b to

calculate the value of α, β and
K m
6 double side
partial
compression K m ——base on No.5 to
calculate the value of K m’
Notes: 1 is the maximum crushing stress of plate, is the stress ratio of two
terminals; respective with the value of positive or negative.
2 To the lengthways ribbed stiffener whose web plate under the partial pressure, the flection
coefficient of above section can refer to the No.6 item of Table J.11; the flection coefficient of
bellow section can refer to the No.5 item if the extended width of partial pressure is confirmed.
For two or more lengthways ribbed stiffeners, the calculation of flection coefficient also refer to
above principles.
Table J12 Flection coefficient of sheet with ribs

No. Load condition K
1 Compression

2 Pure shear Table K τ
While the width of plate was
divided equally by stiffening ribs

3 Partial
compression
K m’——base on No.5 to calculate
the value of K m’
Note: , ——the inertia moment of ribbed stiffener to the central
axial of plate, ；
——cross-sectional area of ribbed stiffener, ；

r——The quality of compartments of ribbed stiffener ；
（μ is the Poisson ratio of materials）
Where:
n——safety factor, set down as 1.5 for I type load and 1.3 for II type load;
σq ——Imaginary proportional limit, chooseσ5.
The calculation of partial stability shall base on Formula J.21.
Annex K (Informative Annex) Overload check of motor

K.1 Hoisting mechanism motor
Where:
Pn ——Motor rated power while adjusting the load duration factor, kW；
P——Hoisting load, N;
v——Raising speed, m/s；
η ——Total efficiency of mechanism；
λm ——Allowable overload multiples of motor torque while adjusting the load
duration factor (rated value or actual value of technical provision).
H——Coefficient; base on the voltage loss (alternating current motor is 15%, without
regard to continuous current motor), allowable error of maximum running torque or
locked-rotor torque (winding type asynchronous motor is 10 ％ , cage type
asynchronous motor is 15％ and without regard to continuous current electromotor),
and
downhoisting
as 2.1, 1.25
cagytimes
type of rated load, the
asynchronous H of
motor setwinding
down astype
2.2 asynchronous motor
and continuous set
current
electromotor set down as 1.4;

m——Quality of motor 。
K.2 Running mechanism motor
（K.2）
Where:
PgΣ ——The gravitation of all motion parts, N；
ω ——Coefficient of friction drag, see Table 5.6.7；
m0 ——Coefficient of slope drag, the roadway laying on reinforced beam or steel
beam set down as 0.001;
Pw——Wind resistance, N, according to the maximum calculated wind pressure (qII)
of working order as detailed in Item 6.6, indoor Pw set down as 0;
——Total flywheel moment of mechanism. The sum of each flywheel

moment on the mechanism of motor shaft, kg·m2
v0 ——Velocity of gate hoist (or trolly), m/s;
n——Rated speed of motor, r/min；
ta ——Mechanism starting time, s;
λa ——Average per unit value of pull-in moment (relative to the rate moment while
adjusting the load duration factor), winding type asynchronous motor set down as 1.7
(or 1.0 while adopt frequcncy sensitive rheostat); cage type asynchronous motor set
down as 0.9λm; series excitation continuous current electromotor set down as 1.9;
D.C. compound generator set down as 1.8, independent excitation DC motor set down
as 1.7. The value of λa can be improved while adopt current self-adjusting system.
Other symbol as shown in Formula K.1
K.3 Rotation gear motor
Where: H——Coefficient, winding type asynchronous motor set down as H＝1.55,

cage type asynchronous motor set down as H＝1.6 and DC motor set down as H＝1;
M ——Rotating
f frictional resistance moment, N·m
M ——Maximum
i rotating slope moment of resistance, N·m；
Mw——The maximum wind resistance moment caused by calculated wind pressure,
N·m；
Ma ——The rotating horizontal resisting moment which caused by the swing angle a1
(see Item 6.4.2) of carrying rope, N·m
i——Mechanismic resultant gear ratio.
Other symbols as shown in Formula K.1 and Formula k.2.
Annex L (Informative Annex) Heating inspection of winding-type asynchronous

motor
L.1 The calculation formula of each parameter
L.1.1 Average
L.1.1.1 power of
Electromotor forsteady state
hoisting mechanism
Where
P5 - Average power of steady state, kW;
G - Mean coefficient of steady-state load,G1 ＝0.7, G2＝0.8, G3＝0.9, the
rating of G see Table N.1 of Annex N;
The rest symbols are the same with the formula (K.1) in Annex K.
L.1.1.2 Electromotor of running mechanism
Where:
G - Mean coefficient of steady-state load, G1 ＝0.75, G2＝0.80, the rating of
G see Table N.1 of Annex N;
Pw - Wind resistance, N, Calculated as the wind pressure of the gate hoist
under the normal operating status;
L.1.1.3 The electromotor of traversing mechanism
Where:
G - Mean coefficient of steady-state load, G1 ＝0.60, G2＝0.60, The rating of G
see Table N.1 of Annex N;
M1 - The resistance torque of the equivalent ramp caused by inclination, N·m;
Mw - Equivalent wind resistance torque calculated according to the calculating
wind pressure q1 (see Article 6.6.3); N·m;
L.1.2 Dynamic power
Where
Pa - Dynamic power, kW
Ta - The mechanism starting time under normal operating conditions, s;
The rest symbols are the same with the formula (N.2) in Annex N.
L.1.3 CZ value
L.1.3.1 Converted to the full start times
Where
Z - Converted full start times per hour;
d0 - Full start times per hour;
di - Startup or incomplete startup times per hour;
fg,- τElectric retarding

- Conversion times
factor, per hour;
generally take the values stated in Table L.1;
Table L.1 g, τ
Coefficient g τ
Winding-type asynchronous motor 0.25 0.5
L.1.3.2 Inertia increment rate
Where:
C - Inertia increment rate,
-Flywheel torque of electromotor, kg·m2;
-Flywheel torque converted to the motor shaft from the moving quality and
rotating quality out of electromotor, kg·m2。
L.1.3.3 CZ value
CZ value, the result of the inertia increment rate C multiplying the converted full start
times per hour, is the important parameters impacting the heating of electromotor
under startup and braking status.
L.2 Heating verification
For the convenience of application, Annex M lists the allowable output power of
YZR series winding-type asynchronous machine under different load duration
factors (FC values) and under different CZ value. If P ≥ Pa (average power of
steady state), then heating checkout of electromotor is eligible.
Annex M (Informative Annex) The allowable output capability (P) of YZR series
electromotor under different load duration factor (FC value) and under different
CZ values (the average startup multiples K= 1.7)
Annex N (Informative Annex) The electromotor of gate hoist
mechanism FC, CZ and G values in the capacity selection calculation

N.1 The load duration factor FC value, CZ value and mean coefficient of steady-state
load G of each components of different gate hoists shall be calculated according
to the
be actualfrom
selected load.Table
If theN.1.
details of the load condition is not available, then it can
Table N.1: FC value, CZ value and G value
Type Chain-type fixed winding type Mobile
Hoisting device
Revolution hoisting
mechanism
Trolley running
mechanism
Cart running
mechanism
Traversing
mechanism
Note: the load duration factor of mechanism PC value is designed for the occasions that the working
cycle length shall not be less than 10 min, and calculated according to the following formula:
running time of mechanism in a working cycle

FC = × 100％
total time of a working cycle
Annex P (informative annex) Current-carrying capacity of conducting w

P.1 The computing formula of current-carrying capacity of conducting wire
Where:
Iz - Current-carrying capacity of conducting wire, A;
Ka - The laying correctness factor of cables or tube-through wires, generally, the correctness factor of tu
cable is 0.8;
Kt - The ambient temperature correctness factor and normal value see Table P.1. Kt value can be calcula
T1 - The maximum operating temperature of wire core; ℃;
T0 - Working environment temperature,℃;
T2 - Rated working environment temperature, 25℃（or 45℃）;
Kj - The load duration factor correctness factor of repeated short-time duty system, the working cycle tim
value see Table P.2. Kj value can be calculated according to Formula (P.3);
FC - Load duration factor;
T - The heating time constant of conducting wire, the accepted value see Table P.3; s;
Ig - The baseline value of wire current-carrying capacity, the accepted value see Table P.3, A.
Table P.1: the temperature correction factor Kt of the current-carrying capacity of con
Rated working The maximum operating Working environment t
environment temperature of wire core;
+25 +30 +35 +40 +45 +50
temperature,℃ ℃
+60 1.000 0.926 0.845 0.756 0.655 0.535
+25 +65 1.000 0.935 0.865 0.791 0.707 0.612 0
+70 1.000 0.943 0.882 0.816 0.745 0.667 0
+65 － 1.323 1.225 1.118 1.000 0.866 0
+45 +70 － 1.265 1.183 1.095 1.000 0.894 0

+75 － 1.195 1.134 1.069 1.000 0.926 0
+80 － 1.173 1.118 1.061 1.000 0.835 0
Table P.2 the load duration factor correctness factor of conducting wire,
Load Wire core section mm2
Conducting wire model
continuity 1.5 2.5 4 6 10 16 25 35
BX, BXR copper core, rubber 25% 1.313 1.417 1.477 1.50 1.614 1.678 1.754 1.790 1
thread 40% 1.149 1.212 1.249 1.296 1.336 1.377 1.425 1.448 1
CYYCW, CF, CFR 25% 1.250 1.304 1.324 1.398 1.461 1.520 1.604 1.645 1
single-core cable 40% 1.111 1.143 1.155 1.200 1.240 1.277 1.330 1.356 1
YC, YCW, CF, CFR 25% 1.490 1.531 1.590 1.640 1.696 1.750 1.808 1.803 1
three-core cable 40% 1.258 1.284 1.321 1.353 1.388 1.422 1.460 1.456 1
Table P.3 baseline value of current-carrying capacity of conducting wire

Copper core cable Heavy type cabtyre cable
BX, BXR copper
BV, BVR copper YC, YCW YC, YCW three-core CF,
Wire core, rubber core plastic wire Heating time single-core cable cable
thread constant, s
core
Current-carrying capacity A at 25℃
section Current-carr Heatin Current-carr Heatin Curr
2 Ope Ope Ope
mm ying g time ying g time y
n Tube-thro n Tube-thro n Tube-thro
b capacity A consta capacity A consta cap
layi ugh layi ugh layi ugh
at 25℃ nt, s at 25℃ nt, s at
ng ng ng
1.5 27 18 24 17 86 184 －－－－
2.5 35 25 32 24 116 248 37 179 26 347
4 45 33 42 31 138 295 47 190 34 419
6 58 43 55 41 172 368 52 235 43 497
10 185 60 75 57 212 453 75 282 63 613
16 110 77 105 73 267 571 112 336 84 774
25 145 100 138 95 370 791 148 438 115 1050
35 180 122 170 115 442 945 183 506 142 1020
50 230 154 215 146 573 1230 226 626 176 1270
70 285 193 265 183 641 1370 289 746 224 1540 2
96 345 235 325 225 797 1700 353 917 273 1870 2
120 400 270 375 260 820 1750 415 1040 316 2180 2
150 470 310 430 300 980 2090 －－－－
a The aforesaid figures are abstracted from section 26, Electrical Engineering Manual (1979, Probation version), taking c
current-carrying capacity at +25℃ (or +45℃) ambient temperature as baseline values.
B. In the table, the current-carrying capacity of tube-through wires is based on that three single-core wire pass through the
procedure, the cable used in gate hoist, no mater its wiring mode, laying position, generally adopt three single-core wire to
three, the adopted section shall properly decrease the current-carrying capacity.
Annex Q
(Informative Annex)
Explanations on the Text Description
Q.1 Wording explanation
Table Q.1 Wording explanation

Extent Positive Negative
Very strict Must Strictly prohibit
Strictly do under normal Shall "shall not" or "be request
condition not to"
Allow a few of selections, "it's appropriate to" or It's not inadvisable to
but can do so under the "generally"
available conditions firstly
It shall do under general As much as possible
conditions but it has some
difficulties to do so due to
the technical-economic
reasons
Can do under some It's approved to
conditions
Q.2 In the context, the specified standards, specifications or the other relevant
regulations shall be carried out, the statement is "carry out ...according to", or
"meet the requirements of ..."; for the non-compulsive enforcement of the
specific standards, specifications and the other provisions, the statement is "make
references to".

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7/22/2019 Design Speciﬁcation of Hoist for Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Design Specifications for Gate Hoist in Hydropower

Issued on September 16, 2002 Implemented on December 1, 2002

Issued by: National Economic and Trade Commission of China

between this standard

Table 4.0.2 Working Classes of Mechanism

4.0.3 Design Data

provisions, and transportation unit shall have necessary rigidity.

5. Design Principle and Requirements

technology, reliable operation,

coefficient of load on the double hoisting points.

1. Movable pulley block shall be arranged higher than elevation of sediment

of anti-vibration, noise-deadening and maintenance convenience.

5.4.6 Safe and

also adopt electric hoist and monorail trolley.

hoist can be deemed as stable.

Table 5.6.6-1 Working Condition Verification

Table 5.6.6-2 Load Coefficient

5.6.7 Safety of gate hoist against wind and slide

5.7.3 Travel Limiter

buffer, or uptilted arch track can be adopted at track end as buffer.

3. Automatic hooking beam shall go through static balancing test, and

6.0.5 Impact load

on projected area of truss vertical to wind.

Table 6.0.6-2 Wind Coefficient C of Single-slice Structure

2. When driver's cab is set on ground, C = 1.1, when it is suspended over

6.0.7 Temperature load

During the test,

1231 and GB/T 3633.

8.3.4 Limit moment

and high pressures), 32, 46,

3. Where there are gunmetal components and silvered components, attention

8.5.5 Fatigue strength limitation

satisfy formula 8.5.6:

yielding point or fatigue strength limitation of part

Strength safety coefficient shall be adopted according to provisions of Table 8.5.6.

Table 8.5.6 Strength Safety Coefficient

8.6 Component Design

preferentially. Multiple-wound steel cable is recommended to adopt metallic-corer

Where, F0 ≥ nS (8.6.2-1)

Table 8.6.2-2 Coefficient of Drum and Pulley e

moment and torque shall also be verified.

nmax refers to practical maximum rotation speed of shaft, r/min;

4) Generally, allowable torsion angle shall adopt ψ≤ 0.5° /m.

pv value, see

nr refers to safety coefficient; nr =5 - 5.5.

number chain wheel

piston rod is fully

9.3 Permissible Stress

Table 9.3.1 Size Classification of Steel

9.3.2 In load condition of class I, permissible stress of structural material shall be

Table 9.3.4 (Continue)

Rivet, bolt, pin Steel grade of component

ML2, Q235, Group Group

Rivet Shear [τ] 135 - - - -

9.4 Calculation of Strength of Structure and Connection Component

2. High-strength bolt connection

Table 9.4.3-1 Frictional Coefficient f

Sandblast 0.45 0.55

Table 9.4.3-2 Pre-pull of Each High-strength Bolt Pg kN

3) Number Z of high-strength bolt required for connection shall be calculated

Secondary bearing structural component (such as 200 150