Permissive Compulsory Indispensable Compulsory Permissive Cross Impleader /

Joinder of Joinder of Party Counter Counter Claim 3rd Party Intervener Interpleader
parties parties Claim Claim (always
permissive)
Rule R20 R19(a) R19(b) R13(a) R13(b) R13(g) R14(a) R24 R22(a)
Any party currently Any party (1) Defending party A stakeholder holding
Who’s making Plaintiff MAY The Court MUST The Court MUST Any party currently in in the suit MAY currently in the (3rd party plaintiff) The Court MUST an interest in property
the suit MUST suit MAY MAY MAY
the action (3) Plaintiff MAY
Who is being Another Plaintiff Any person who has Any person who has an Any party currently in Any party currently Against a Against a nonparty Anyone not Any nonparty
joined or OR an unprotected unprotected interest but the suit in the suit co-party (3rd party currently in the suit
Another Defendant interest cannot be joined defendant)
acted against
Who has an
(1) Who is or may interest relating to
be liable for all or the property or Holding an interest in
part of the claim transaction of the the property
Same transaction The claim arises out If the claim against the 3rd subject
or occurrence, or The court decides of the same Any claim against arises out of the party plaintiff
What series of Necessary whether in equity and transaction or the opposing party same AND Even if:
relationship to and indispensable good conscience the occurrence of the that is compulsory transaction or (3) Arising out of The claims lack
OR case should be dismissed opposing parties occurrence the same Without common origin
the case is or proceed with existing claim ← transaction or intervention, their
required Common question parties occurrence AND interest will be OR
of law or fact same subject impaired or
matter as claim impeded If the stakeholder
against defendant UNLESS denies liability in
existing parties whole or part
adequately
represent their
interest

(2) 3rd party If a D is brought suit

Additional Defendant’s claims against they can bring
and defenses interpleader by R13
Info subject to same
standard as normal e.g. Insurance
defendant agencies, Trustees…

Joinder
Diagrams
WHERE IS SERIES OF TRANSACTIONS OR OCCURANCES