UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE

SEÑALES Y SISTEMAS
Fausto Granda G.
NCR: 3650, 3561

Sangolqui - Ecuador
Señales y sistemas
Objetivo
• Analizar y evaluar el procesamiento y modelamiento matemático de señales y
sistemas.
• Que el alumno aprenda las herramientas básicas de señales y sistemas para
aplicarlas posteriormente en el estudio y diseño de sistemas eléctricos y
electrónicos.
• Dominará las técnicas para aplicar las transformadas de Fourier y de Laplace
a señales, tanto periódicas como aperiódicas.

Fuentes de información
• Oppenheim, A. Willsky, and H. Nawab, Signals and Systems, 2ª edición, 1997, Prentice
Hall, ISBN # 0-13-814757-4.
• Hwei P. Hsu, SCHAUM'S OUTLINES OF Theory and Problems of Signals and Systems”,
1995, McGraw Hill
Systems and classification of systems
• System: is a mathematical model of a physical process that relates the input
(or excitation) signal to the output (or response) signal.

• System is viewed as a transformation (or mapping) of x into y and represented

as:

• Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Systems:

 Systems and classification of systems
• Systems with Memory and without Memory(memoryless): A system is said
to be memoryless if the output at any time depends on only the input at that
same time. Otherwise, the system is said to have memory

• Causal and Noncausal systems: The output of a causal system at the

present time depends on only the present and/or past values of the input, not
on its future values.
Systems and classification of systems
• Linear Systems and Nonlinear Systems: if the operator T satisfies additivity
and homogeneity (scaling), then T is called a linear operator and the
system represented by a linear operator T is called a linear system.

Superposition property

Nonlinear Systems: ???

Systems and classification of systems
• Time-Invariant and Time-Varying Systems: A system is called time-invariant
if a time shift (delay or advance) in the input signal causes the same time shift
in the output signal.

time-varying system:???
Systems and classification of systems
• Linear Time-Invariant systems(LTI): system is linear + time-invariant.

• Stable systems: A system is bounded-input/bounded-output (BIBO) stable if

for any bounded input x, the corresponding output y is also bounded:

system
Input Output

• Feedback systems: the output signal is fed back and added to the input.
Systems and classification of systems
• Problem:
Systems and classification of systems
• Problem:

Memoryless : Yes, y(t) depends on only the present values of x(t)

Causal : Yes, y(t) do not depends on future values of x(t)
Linear : Yes

Time invariant : No
Systems and classification of systems
• Problem:

Memoryless : Yes, y(t) depends on only the present values of x(t)

Causal : Yes, y(t) do not depends on future values of x(t)
Linear : Yes
Time invariant : No
Stable: Yes: BIBO stable
Systems and classification of systems
• Problem:

Memoryless : Yes, y(t) depends on only the present values of x(t)

Causal : Yes, y(t) do not depends on future values of x(t)
Linear : Yes

Time invariant : No
Systems and classification of systems
• Problem:

Memoryless : Yes, y(t) depends on only the present values of x(t)

Causal : Yes, y(t) do not depends on future values of x(t)
Linear : Yes
Time invariant : No
Stable: Yes: BIBO stable