ONIT-4 # Tnreonverzony to ComporeR Aroed Daneranys de that ts cad 2 > computter Aicedl Daeting CORD) ig a process Op pacpaxing q drawing of am akjcct on He compuler Bene by wsbug softwares arrol Marc wares of. compuber Sysliwy, Te can be clebined as “the, Use. of Computer. System to assist in Hu creation, woclitication asl analysis Or api ma gation fo olestan , The generation of cleatgn abeausivngs ludevactively by Hee user supelivg Jotormetion “to bee. compule Mia counmowds ox With q wey Aeivey Seu'es + Lnsheuctions Us cotles! computer Piclesd Brorting these. abransing coun be eatited , wraunripulated and stones} Aor 4utune usage» “he Use oh can process provides evhamceol froplics filities wituldy allows amy olesiqnes to + — ke Conceptualize Wis iseqs, ay the olesten very easily Portsorom aulmations , ty Make, cleaten caletations , use eolours , fonts ave! othe, fealires a# what are the Unutetons of raarueal obraustig ? > Manual abreanisi ag af wnpinesning Parts hat dallaucteg Ju tations : - de Meveuta) abcansting of. tuglusealeg preds cro! tele assemblitg Lg time consiuntng ue] reg res Speer'a Stes. a, changes Ln wrseunal orang are nah easy to maste as whole cbeasetvg 4a neroleol Lo be. reclrat) #H what are the advandazes CBetrefi fs) of cAD ? > Exginsering clousivg ts an Luferaclive. process awel When tb Ls performed bh olxauiug beards aval Inelucles thety clocumenfation , s¢ Le guide @ Hime, Consuuaing process, “Toclay in the Exg of Juprd echrolegies » produey- Lnuovatiors , preates pesponse te customer sreguinentents , CAO giles an inovetive. anal offic Aystinm for olereyh . CAD has Heo pollousing adwewd ages Over thet Sroditiona) yretnee) of olesiore | : G) cad 4s faster and give wore aceurate, resulds than corientiona) nielhools. / (m) Sovelopivg the lesen of 4 component ana assosiated clnopting a yey 2sty taske— with CAD, aGil) Kinematic Feature “J cap pakeres onables the. olesignes to visualize. the cperat/ona) perforwauice. (x) Two O mane clestyns cau be coupared walt (x) Tinyproved) procuetiv'ly th abeag ting () Bhaxtes preparation ut for Leasing (UD) Pecluce. wrampauser, Peg unineucents , qm) Macti fications according fo Customers La sbeawivg care cosier , Gx) Twproved aceursey oF: dxausing G) Revisions ane. possible. — G2) colew, com be Useol to Lustourize, the procluct, (a) Malehing of all Seations with otiffencn” fullivg patterns, Cam) preparation Jon asserbly O% Bub- assembly lenis Gam) priporation —g. por Lsfp- are aasy, aw) privting cam be clone to any seale, Ge) Better puctlly atesegns | Gon) Laryroved pakeey, om) bay Moclipiestions .“Ww de pleat are the Lvs tet) on C Mlsadvar}ages) of cad? The anced 19 ee use. of CAP Sy stig! B2- bf Wore Computer 1g nenesany because. of, lange auvounp of computer aenaoiey aural thane, The Size of the Software pakage Lg darge « ster auel juclymenf- are ouegutiee) Lo prepare. the. Ze negusres Lange Lywestmerf, Gay ned nelease. of cAD Softwaie, operator bas do upolate_ therr Sb/lts. pollousivg Livadations are enper! Ulhat Ls CAD Softwares 2 Cap Systm creates an environment Lo prepare. chausieg tnteractively, The goptuare Le an trtorpselir ay thamslator. wlth allows #he user to pPerforty speatye type. of applicatirn Or job related to cad. The user Majer fenetion to be perperures) statiedl aileler] olafting Systein :- oe ve 4 Basie Setup t chau , a Orawing the obyeoks 2. chauging the objects porpeles 4. translating the obyeoks AG sealhy the, obyeets,Gu chipping the objects to fit Amage to the Seren Creating Zynbo/ Lbradrs for Preguedly uted abybels. B Tenfr tnsention, 4. Diuaensionty s The various types 4 ca wanes U0 !- 4+ Audo (AD 2. CATIA Pro-E Unugrap hieg Cond cad 3D Max BD - Howe, Auend stechon Solid trtorkg + core] Drad, Faw xn Fw 44 that is Autocad & > Autocad ts ene te Leoding chofling Softwans crmpattable,.re wag olevelepes! by " Auto stork!” coup By Autocho, drausivg can be creates, wipobfr'ed aud erased with ease. / : the prs release. of fluto CAD Version to wag Ly 1962 upoleates anol Lup nevenends, utente clone. Co [yh version of Autocad urag Antena Aa 199% ewe thereafter Autocad - 2000 os“he Audo-cnp- 2004 allows the oleclpnor to we Of Luterney- aa) web enablesl olesign awd olscumesfation) Seffware cad uteg H- baste Commancls Celemonts) foe prepursdion ot ny cbeaustng i bs Lene. els Cowes, 3B. Terth, A” Filling Tax ge lat ig co orclinate system ? A Co-drolivute, Systim Uses ane ‘ae mbne ninubers of Co-arclinates tp uniguely olefine tha position of q polnf- or obher geomebic lace tin tl: neti Space. the Co-ordinate. Systivg cau be wrpolifred tn the Autocad . Thend. are following types of co-ordinate. System seo Ly Auto can '~ L. Absolute coordinate Sy sting '- Absolute co-orclinate systin are also caktecl tatael) co erelinate_ System, Ih the absolute eo ortinale, 2ycten the poiufs are. Looates utith ae, to the Oxsylo 0,0) whe dia cused L8 €, 4, Zt (01,0) i, ‘2. User Co-ordinate Srjslery ' - Sometime. it becomes ols'fficulp to olefrre certain” peometries to absolute coorcdivate. system, tn Such Cases alternate co-orcl/nats. Systews Cau he alefine/ nelaliie. €o the absolute. coorctnate, syslin , These Co-ordinate Systims We calles! exsen cogrdinate %ysliy or relabye, Ceereli'nate Syslim Or msenleriveg Coordinate. System . Landy evils are wieasired with reference to the previous points The syntay used 46 Bry, - ‘ 3. Cartesian CO-drolinate Sysfew '- A Cartessan- Cordrolinate, System ox jpattevpules Co ordinal, Systim previctes a beetiod of plotting paphs ead ~ declteating tht position “4 peluds an gq two olimensyma) ce. a% ty gy three olimentsona/ Space. phe carfetiy Co-axclinate. Systim 2s use) to clefine positions ow computer olisplays. qd Tn Hea nelatie. co.orcinate, urellisd , the abiplaranedEach of this sreference- Live 4g atte! oq Co-onclinste. atts cbudl the painf where. rbey iuterseot cath ~ other £5 calleo) areipin 00.0) «the harizenfef cunts 18 Calley e- aris anol vertica) ants 4s calle) y-oret, ano) the plawe contalrng those. ert + called - “4 plane » 4. polar co-orclinate. System *~ the polar Co-ordinate, &ysten Ue q tuo - olluaensvore) eo.arddinate. Suctimy Lh wotith enth polrf on q plaw€ Us oletmmined by q ollstauce. Gro 4 sreferenrce polef” ama! ane angle pen a ropenence alinection, Tn polar co-dxcbiruate systero » phe. neperource pecuf- whith 48 analegacs Lo the anigh af 9 cartesian tyslen Us calles) the pole. The nay thay frome the, pole. bin the election of reperence Ls Called refemmce anis or pole ants. che position of a poinf &s speibid by ifs olixpauce. from Hho. pole. , calles! the pracli'} co. oxolirate Syst On seals, ave) the, angle neladive to the referen te anes calleol a¢ angular eo-orclinata. Oe polar angle, pine) cr belek oonple "pole S paler aos,te How Com gau convert polar cooroli nate syste to Cartestay co-oxdinate 2ystiin > A polar Coonolinate, sysliin Can be converte to the cotisian coarolimate system by stud the foruulas :- Le 70880 dz 97 Sty o a7stne 4 How Can yeu convert Cantesion, coardjnate, systin to polar coarclinate, Systm . > A cortesion coorsinate systim s converter to polar apvratinate systein by using the formulas: - = tan (de)de what clxausivg Cutr'tes ? > An entity 41 4 abreast element mamatly peinf Line , cUnele, are, ete, These enrtiteg are wted to create chratuligy af Various compl catey parts, Ewory cugineerting procluce- us q Covebination of Hose cuties . # Explain variaus mesuoch to Locate a patuf ay CAD. > (2) painting to the Location On the Screen by v9aus of Cursor conbeh] C from mouse oy chip/ t'zer) (7) Crfering the Co-orclinates Vig, alphg-racuaori'c Ley beard. The. co-ordinates of poluds cau be. olefitred either én neclangulak Oe th prtar taonrlinale, ysliin, Cr) Cufering the offsep Colisfance, gray x. 74.2) Prom a provieusly olepled parf. ©) by ctepning the evof poivd ef an cnet entity @ By olefining the center, pati of ay exciting eutiliy wD & oleprning phe Luferseotion a4 two given entities. He State any bree, ucelred by ustueh Anes Can be olrauty by using AuloceD t > Line caw be clrawn by wetieg the gotlowiag He. dnemrsels + -4. using Absolute Coonstinate Lys} '- = Drudo Une fom 65,5) 40 paid C1,19) Covamaung | LINE From poly: 515° Cselub He pai by uipuge, ot enter Hae twordinales by tay beard.) To palmt ; 40,40 To paint : Cpress outer) J OTE Sa fer bane & 2 using Relattile Coosol) nate System :- > deen a Line From Polat c2.29 to poluh Gunifs Ly weonls wad % Units in Guus relative, to Yyhs} Coordinate. command | LINE Prom pain | 2,2 To pau : @ 578 To pause + Cpress cuter Sef a + pe SAN me3. ustng pela, coordinates |- > QOxawd 4 Line fom poiup 4,2) tog -lewgth of 6 unis % Joe Cannas) | LINE Siem pole. 2,2 To poiut 1 @ 6490 To polwt + Cpress cuter) a pe ely, Of Ses sheen sew ge te Expletn Mernods ¢ olepining the, tines Ls interactive. Computer, popes ‘ > w® by eesing two premisusly olepued pasts »—Gi By waking a ve. either paralle] to of perperdicular to & given Une. ana passing Haugh a given point _ Je xt 2 Be civ) By making a paralle} Live at a given otistance, +. 3 tas 3 © At an duple, with a giver Line. xrom 2 given poi :. ~ te Uthat ane the helhads to draw a circle ih Autocad, Explain with examp es > Ghele can be drawn by follatibng Fee wretlreds + - bs using Coytre, ancl Loctius '~ > Oxawd 9 circle. util contre. (6.6) ane racbsus Sanifs + Coramamd ! CIRCLE q aplep/tre/< Comte, poinps> ! 6.6 a ie Btawnetin / ¢ rooting > 5 aq Radiug 5 OP conde° using canter and Aiamele '- yy Drwd a cinde wiby couter, 66118) Command | CLRELE sefee/rre| Center polut> 1 6 de 2 Liameler / 2 Racliusy --D & Diowmeley $10 OT ai ace te Bis using fnee paints given C3p) ‘~ > Draw a arele using the given 3 polmts + (5,209, (41126),¢1029) by entulny 3 given polats to bo on He, cincumpornce oA, the cincle . Command | CTRELE sp /2Pp/rrR/ 4 comterpoint> | 3? inst pain | 5,30 Second pointe! 4,26 Thine) point + 10,25Le using two paints giveh C>P): > prawd q cincle. usimg Lhe give 2 poluts | C132), Oru) by ousting tuyo @ 4 sivas a thee, circle Momeler Command 1 CFRCLE Bplae/TrR | Command | creer€ SPlap/ Te] Leeder panh> + TTR Enter Taungirt Speelpieation Pthe C pickup Uding wause Exjer Serovd Taugant Specitication ! Line 2. Cpickup using woeue) Rodis 3 Pra yrey ey“He sha are the wielteds to ovaid o poly gan Ln Auto chs? explain uu example, , % The polygon Command draws regular 2D polugens ss Bto 1014 Sider, any + by the follousing three metnoels : A using sackias of 0 given cyrcle tn which polygan Ls inscribe: Cx- Drod a palygan of eight Sicles wtith couter Cs0.50) insoctbed in a cincle, of actus 40 units, Command | Poly Gon Number of, Sicles | 8 Ealge (2 Couter of polygen> | 40,50 Paes tn Circle. | cincrmmscredber} about Circle Che) 1 Rastiug af: cinele. 4 40Be uaing rodius of @ given Croele en tobich polygon Ls Cine scrcth eof! ~ E Gr Ana a polygon of four Sidles wuitd Coufer C150, 60) crrcmscribeal on a cirole of riaclius Go emits, command } PoLy Gon Number of Sioles | 4 Edge /Z coutor of, poly gon> 1 {00 ,6D Thsoubed tn clnele /eincumertbed absut Cinede. ¢1/e) ve Radils af. Cincle. 14.0 q 2. Using cokes, mekhad :~ Err draw a polygon on Bsicles using "Faige webbed", Zea firs evolpounp ag the cole 46 Cgo.s0) amd Second 2s C6050) command : PoLy Gon Number of Stoles ! 6 Eye [2 center of pelygen>: E fis} eure point of ele !3o,s0 Setens} eyo! Poin of clgy 1 60,50de what are the methoels fo daa eur Elupse th Auto cap 9 Explafy urlth Exauple . : > Ellipce. Can be drawn by any ane a4 Me joblowsing owe methaels | — 4 using Mayle arts anol WUD anus et:- braw an ellipse tesung mozart anes oxrolp alts 010/26) ancl 060/20) oral rine ares era! pat 6357 30). command . ELLIPse < Anis enol paint 4 > | soroe center * 40,20 /pofation 145,30 t ss Ho csi) gop--- sas , 10 ' { i ' ' a 19 do te ue Dey 2. Canter of Ellipse, frets Evdpotas-are other anely obistfance. ex:- braw an ellipse with ceviter 090,50) mayer anus erelpaint 090,50) anol mina areig ewclpelnf €52,'70) comma) | Ettipse ELLIPSE / center. ¢ center of ELypse : S0.5D Pas exch poinf- 2. ! 90.50 4 Sonar detis Mstaute.> / petation 130,50 a3? ue 3. 20 O to % 36 4b Sd Se7e Be 90 fo 3. Using Sisk enclpareke aud} rotation augte of Circle. arounsl the aus :- Ex:- Draw on ellipse. Using meas arets evelpaint C10, 40) and C110, 40) ama) Go notation arguns mayay arcls, Command : ELLTpse /comter 610,440 Pacts evel paint 2! 110,40 Xother aneis olistance > /Retation | R Potation anseol major anig | 66° a Te 0° Petation Go & yot--€ (0,40) © Wow so. 22 WD ee Notes Angle of, nababion should be alusays Loss Hoy 50!Ay. Uding Center , excl pelnd eve) metablor) curate of Cinde. around He aos | - . ent- Oxcwd cu ellipse unity Comter. Cas.30) Major aris ond point C60,30) and Yo! aungle. oe natation arsund Ll WYO ants. Command 1 ELLE Pse dais evspoint £> | cover", Confer ofp Ellipge. 1 355 80 fous enclpainf 2 |! 60/30 other artis cistamced / Patatlion : Rat Roloch'or around “the trojor aads : 70° 4 what are the metlieds to draw an are th Autocad ? Explain ith example . > following nuthods aro usee to drgid axe in Autocad - i. Using Hee given points :- CAL Dnowd am arc lug the dance, un pat ¥ cua] C0190). “nd oe a Comwmeurd ? ARC Geuter [estat point> 26,50 Caucter [End |< serve! Ponts: teva Eval paint : 40,90----5 (4090) 90° 40. Loe) ot Bop GO 1 sop —~— FY C280) © 10 2 40 40 50 om. 2. using Star poinf, Couthe, awa Evdpainf- | CS. ¢. € 9 Croomple!- prod om anc Using slant point G0. 20) , cwilice, Poimt Cho. 60) ame Cuslpainfp (40100) Command | ARC . cadre / xStack poinf> | Bo,20 Cove | Bul /< second popnt> 1 C Coutre pornf- 140,60 Angle / Length af. chord | £Eusl port > 144d ,J00 © 40 20 30 410 SD Go yo = aI3. using Start point , coitke, anol Tnelualed Augle: C8,¢,4) Example! xa) am are wg Starf polif- C10,s03 Contre pai (1040) ano) Xnelucled Angle Jo’ 0 (0 solouerO eo x A. using Sart porn, Contre ama Aeaghh of Chard 1 05.04) & Oran) om are using stud potnf (50110) » ocauaple {e Covfre polnf- C010) anol Levyth a4 chord YS Untfs , 10 30 40hD bo aaySs using Stuct pointe, Enclp aif ove] Ractius 65. &, RI Euample!— Orau) an are “sing Start pore 050,10), Eslpeni (tod) ome) saclig 22. Undds, jug 222 Unds j— Redius 9 — efosnod—Y(Se.49) ° fo 20 $0 do SO gy ; 6. Usieg Start poirg, Evrolporrf- ave] Xnclu clea) auple (SA) Exaugple:- Draw am are alg stat pale C30,10.), Bude poirt C6050) anol Theludler ousphe. ge” 28.4 Explain the meted to oxauwd 4 rectangle. th Aulo cad (uth example. 4. By specitying the coordinites a fouf- Corner painf— ama] other Conner point 1 for_enauple !- command ? RECTANGLE Speerdy Lawes mesp Legp Conner: & S~ Speedy topmasp- Puight- COMMA! 2G IST es 2 By speerbytng Levyth clistance, omol utelth olistance rectorple. fer exanpre fn Coromonmgl ! RECTANGLE Specity ise Conner og the, nectangle Sptetay: the Lough af the rectangle. 16 Specity the witty op Ue rreclauyle :5 ft agate ayH State, the Sertes of commands steps require! to steproduce, He object. cestng Ling commands , > Cwmmend » LINE Speerdy -finst paint + CSelect any pelnt by mouse.) Speeiby nest paint a [umdo’] : @ 60,0 Specily newt paint ox Lumley: @, 0,4 Speu''y neo polst Or [close /umdo] * @-10,0 Specity neo Palut Oh Telpse/uvao] s @ 040 Speulty wett PUKE Oh [else / uolo] | @ -10,0 Speedy nett polvh or [close [uvelo!]! Q@ 0.10 Specity nest paint OX Telose/ uvalo | @ - 10.0 Speeiby eof point Oo [close /uwslol + @ -lonto Speciby West polnr O [close/ umoto I) @ -10:0 Speeiby hoott palnt or Eelose | wad)! @ 0. -40 Speriby trestt paint O% [ close / uwdo™| | @, -1010 Specity neat Point or [close funda]: C# Excplain the Various baeie Eotiting Commands uceol Lp Autocar ! >A a dmg may be modlified e&thes olwel hs propos sa dent tee neviision of olesith , thas 26 cattea Arties 4 He The. aay Comuanals so called as Modifying cal ’ J. Move .- Move commamd LE used to moved selected abject to cunrothes tection about a base palut er hires pol. SSyndoet MOVE 2+ Rotate '- Rotate. coummana £8 usecl to matate 4 Selected Objzo- though a spond compte. aboub 4 bare polnt; %} Syulen! Rotate yt 3. Copy t- cory Command Le Used to cneate. One Crwore. Copfes a4 Selecteo) abjoct at another Location, > syntyet cory dP . DP. Pa pe a 8 A . pooAo Minh! Mixon Commend L's used to Create a winrer juaaye. of the. Selected abyocts about q Sperif'ed Live. 7 Syatog! MIRROR : ro 6. Array \- Ths commame) 45 Useol to Create. multiple coples of selected abyrots tm neclangules ox polas garm This L& a form of Copy Commaud 7 Syatae ARRAY DO + ( Polas Array ) CReotaugulas Array ) 6. Frese !- '"Thes command deletes the steleafed} eutttres, Arecord of entities erase) ts always masvdained , The mesh neteuf ently cau be unerase by Ops Covumane/ » by Syntax: ERASE 7 Oops | This com cura] retrieves al] objects enaseol by the lost ewse curd Apter enceeu hing block. 0h. whleck commanel olf BSvutex | OOPSB. Break! This command enraseol a portesy of “ne, gic, cele o1 a 20 pelytine bokwerh two soleetey/ pointe. 3 Suites § BREOK ere ak. hire ¥ Gergnal > t 1 1 1 ' ‘ 9. fille ; This cornmand ¢ Uses] to create 4 neural conner botiseen tuo Lynes , fillet works on omy ype on, tombsyation of two ness Lines 1 9 Sigle polylines, are, eynele, non-parelly Pa ck CBegore fillet ) dy. Chaugfes 2 gris covamamad works en ture dines & a Single. polyline to create, a bovelley ecbe. 3 Stuslog 1 CHAMPER,Me Extend. This command extends the “ines, poly Gnes and ac to a beunclary exe, which cau be a Lthe , polyline , arc ar circle. | 1n- offsek\ —thég commend creates a paralle) siiyle copy % line , “Ut, Cinele., Aectangle , polygon on ap polyline of & gieh oftsed clistance . Each offsef” Creates red eudiby uutth the Saunt Line type, colowe anol Layer selfing BrSynten | OFFSET — 8 A 1. Sheth’ The strefeh commend Can either Legth entities Or shorten them aul thus alder thels shapes the. couvtre. pobks og Utes Or Poly Line Mes Ue - acljusp acurrcdi\e6, , Reyutex | STRETCH | (S| L@Las Tocivy 1- Tocim tornmand Helms the objeet thay ontins) beyond q neguysed polrf- oa Endenseetion , $y. te TREAT (Unbeimucey (Aten “beim 15. Scale :- The Scale, Commer)! allows to shrinks ox enlarge te abeoely onieting cleat) aywts abduf- @ base. palrp by Speen Scale factors > Syteye, SCALE ‘ 16. Peotite | A Polytine Ls @ single evtity which Ls maok. up og Continuous Series oy Ling ard are Semeefs, The peor commeare) Ls exclusively used Jos eotittig ag poly tine properties » DSyndon + PEDET 87. Explocle!- tris commana breakg a poly Lee duto ids Lvollyidua) Segmete . These inte Cay they turk dndiviclually be ectiliy ard rejoined again to form) om ectited Pplyline , 4 Syufets EXPLODE ,48. Ul U Command neverse He atfect of @ series oh previsusly used command aval hence allows bact— sping . 49+ Hateh 1- Hatch Commarel ts esee) to $Ul/ om enclosed area 0% Selecfeo! abyleeks with a hadch pattern , solid fi Or gractionf 4ell k AN 20. LENGTHEN 1- Thus Commend changes the Leugth of cbjeoks crel the Lnely clea] angle. of arcs, DB Synlex ! LENGTHEN ==, 4)-4) Ql. Boutde_ | - This coumane 18 Used to Conver} uD abject to 2p object alana a path. <7! GP Stbthap olo you Unelesternd by abject Selection metro fas eoliting 2 > palletes are the mettadls for Selection % obybet tn Aubscay 4: Obyeet- Paideing te Th ths option Q sivgle. object 4s Boleced by pressing the Left mouse button teueliing the endity A small box ts marke] over. the selects) eudsty as shown in Seu. t- mS OS 2. Wudew option '- A sivyle entity or a graup of eutities Com be Selested by bringing them Hely tnsiole. 4 reo Panaglsy surbbes Band Like uLiroled. euivelowd ig ereatid by piehs the. fis Corner by paasing. pressing the Leff mouce belpon aro! then movieg the maute over the. alessred position af oUoperally gppesi'te. eonner- ~ oppesite comer cn q ot ' it t r 4 ' 1 —_—____4 ring OE wm. cnosg urivdled- Fe warts Lite usivelow buf soles al) seleoke tre outities utth Lh usindow oy Touching the, Ubbaled bormdaci'es » -+ whapare the isp lay Comme lseof Lh AufocaD ? > The ckisplay commanols etseol tb PubocAD ant as follous'! — 3: %oom t- The. Zeer commen) ineweases ox decoreaged the apporent size of objects sty Ase. Cudrounf: alow pnp Covruncwral | ZOOM 2. pay t- ‘The pay commana Boles ay Shiffs the Curntuf drawing ound On the Lrawing arog without chayping the magnification af the ured. “commend spay 23 a a The to orclinates , amples LE ete, are spared dn q clatabase as floating potrt Values for greatir precision , Heubeve , the clraustig 4 placed an the using pixels which ane Lute gens , therefore ea ee eee have to be transgonmed grom the Hosting poiry values to the Lrteper Values , thes procens U3 Called pepeneration . tornmawsl 2, REGEN oe RE Soueen 4. RCORAW !- The Autocad Sees the . Screeh co-ordinates caleufated luring the Peperention 4 process ore) Com wep them v quick Phe .REPRAW maou 7 4 Commer + REDRAW or R_At what ane the Commands Used beh olregting din AudocaD 2 > Drafting Commawels used in Aufocay arc. follousyig + 4. Luits'- Tale Commare! allows to chauye, the upper, 2 bayer: — Obyeds of g sensing cam be placed en one Oe more sbeurupaneuf- sheets Calleol the layer. The. ZANER command 14 Used to create ned dayers, 3. Divmeusioniug »_ The. man wif-activred hawstiog mup: be alimensioned gor sive omel tolerarrces So thap- the riphp dvfonmation cau be. conveyed. the appemance anruf size of olimens ions , aAr800, Size. anal By ke of. cliimen stag feaf- uth O, wulthae tolerance anol the Layer Ou whieh otimensjons are plated can be eputrolled by settiig olueusion Variables. 4 object Snap! A very Uusefed chasing Commmana , the OSNAP Loleuttfres the palwts on ohrauseg eudrties thf are wiible en Soreey, coummanal > OSAP,4 what aro the baste utility commana Useo! th Autocad ? > the Commanels which conbof the basic fimetions of Autochd ane Called as utilily commanvols . a. Lrmrps 1 (LEMITS' Commamne] allours iyoy to chauge. She cpper cvrol Leuser. Limils of the chawing aneg Whale wonkieg ena drawivg , Qi SAVE 1- 'gpve’ cornmand Saves the Cwrrenf dhowsiug usluch ds tn the Screeh , anol semaing th the olnouustigg eoliton Jon pwther eotiihing » 3. Qurt:- 'Qurp' Command returns to the main menu witout Upolating the hates gule., 4. END: END! Command neturng do the wneln meny ame) Updates ax Saves the craunirg file... SuELp! 'NELP* Command Lske al/ fhe comunanals used in Autocnp. The Lisp ollsplays Ua name 4 commowel with its basic. function. This cau be Uses) tn Case gay howe. forgotten amg Command. # Explain Armen stoning Lh Autocad, Y rhe olimensyoring wre Lusented fy the taal ng by the use of ‘Dray’ Commarea , There are various Types of Uinensioning led Ln fittocAaD :— pte, an 4a. A'neay Dimensioning le Hoxizendal + Vorkical , bh Aligned. &. Angular Dtimenstintig :- This allows ourgulor Alueusioning of. objets, 3. Racial Divaansioning [pls allows nacbaf Pimensioning of crele 0 are, Ly, Dsamnet nal Dimensionivg '- Thus allouss oliawmetre Armcensyors ag a errele., 36,UNST-M # - Sous, Movetein! ¢ 4 what elo yay mean by solid meeleliing & Geduetue , Mocellin ¢ 7 Te Lb a process og goreuting 3D obyeeks for omaly Hs olesiyn ,oleapting are) rranupaitine. re eneates q oladabase ewluich Ls User to Liiplay the obyeep to prepare olracstige Of the byes! asith ctitpere ubws to prepare lett foo Th CAD, Geometuie, unodellg £4 Concerneof uiith he, computer Compatible. mathematica) olescription af- the geet of an objec sie. grphical aepresevditig of Ue shape aul sine of Me physi] obyeels, “he geowetric racels cau be. broly Categ ari of Lnte sap = (0) Two- Oiuensiona). (il) Three- Oi wrenstonal - > use of geousetue uepolelliug :- Geoweluie tarcclelbing cacelel be. Used for jollowing gemetions :- 4 Design fralysis, ae Baafeirg. 3. Manugaatury ae proeluction Epprneens 5 Trspection aud quality cowte/. —4 whet ans, the ty Solid mroolell owielieve. moclellp. Fi oni mowed OE > puted then Phot, hypes 4. onsale eychiy i 4. Aline frame renadteling 1— we ig the. simplest of Lhe. tee moelelg. These are gerewted by corctinutng Aine. ‘ The points arel Lives genet the otyek and then translation, protetion or sealing &e Carries. -Ouf, Tre wwhepname moclels olefine the celpes inal Surface af 3D objects. Aly the shfeeds are formed of polygen meshes, These meoolels cane BD UW frame pe bhine frame. wroclelfing dau be classifvea) hulp folowing three. types :- @) 2D = Useol fe two olimentfona) deprecenfab'on of Hot objects @ 2f0= THs wae he Utee] Lo represeat Abree abimewsjond dbyeef as Long as i+ has no Site walls, (1) 2D = 7més Ls eesee for ful) 2D WrpelellND of o — ae4 Coop lain the types Soli mocteling : - > 4 constructive. Sokio| Gooweliey *- re. constructive bolted georneley Cesc) approach 4 a ver poverty lechmage technique Or Prepresenting Saixly coupler jobs with Aelekives case . thls fachnigue_ 4s based on the topo Logres} notetien pat an obyeot Cam be cbiucled tuto 4 Set of primitives Chase elements os shapes, wlth ean be combined again to Jorm the objeef by pollousing a se/ a Boolean wations. seme. Comnmenty seo] primitives th #42. Solid mneelelitng are, sroum as pollews! ae - wa OL jueler Cove. Prev i © @ frusteuy G Cone Hewtiphase sphere Tout wufatinn CB-rep): 2 Boun Bounelary = srepneseufabion Chto) tt one of the mest populaaly tser Technique ag Soleo moetelling A b-sep mole] ds rcpneserted as a Volume condalned gy @ sof of foces togather— ith topological tupermatlion aba phe rolationstip between pri faecs. = 39.Bs Surface. Modelling 1- Surface, mole] 46 Constrycteo) From Surhates Such as planes , duwed Surkaces awe any Very Complesc. Surtees ,cuch ab Bei, omel — B -splineg . ‘Chete. moelels are. Capable. of- cousphetey mrepne-seuti ng the delio) from the manusracturde poimbo4 pred. Hower a Surface. made) oloermet pve, amy Lodgorundting reparcling the. Lntenior of de Salid , requines) hor re fhe. N@ Cudter_ lat . (ep 3. Soli macteling t- Bobicl wnoctelling Le, He vost powerfey} imebad foe = Horeeclimensiona| Salid repreceupation hy thts technique meclels ane. represented ag tolls, thus Here is Loscer rte ef mis- Later pretation , By plone color, to Here dnaunivge Hey just berome. realistic.aA benep bolid ds bounales/ by its Sweface., which — Saperates points Lnsile- from poirds dutside of the. Soli Berauze of Hus a be rcp Sole) L8 represtefe] as q closed space. in 2D space, The geometny of a bke-vep solitd 43 olescutbed by dds vertices colges cr] Surfaces. fin ealge tx bouneled by vertices rd face, us bouneled by edlges . faces of soltef Cau be formed by aither sfraight LYnes 04 ced sepmenfs. A B- Rep angele] af any objeof Comsesfs go kawoirg obeneufs ;, @) Veoten— (@) Felye @D fase (w) Loop @) Hewelle- () Boely # Name. aro discus two metnoels of Geowskk|c. Constructrans '— > 4 Ainear Eoetypsion '- CTremsfatron Suveep) '~ qn Liners extrusion 0% also buswn as trams/ation swep.g tree. umenssora) Aoltd as shown Ls by. can. be generate by Linearly sweeping a turd — olimensfora/ Surface Qa strabghy- Abe The Sweping olees net need to bea shregghy- Line, it cau be omy tnee.-climeusfera) space. Cure.Tramsfeion Sweep (Extrucle) 2. Petational Susesp '- th potatoe] Sweep, she planer. toro olimens| ero} paint: set Ls rotates about on aals of notation by a give angle. fer suscep log hebica Wr Spina] objects am adalitions| aneiap ox radia} ofpse} Cam be. prowicted . Petational Sweep cam only be Used Por anti-symmebue. components. a “Riationa) Sweepfe Compare 2D ane) 30 wlineprame, moelellys auth nesperp to tots utility Jor an eusgineeiing Baleshys ? Jt Nos QD- Models 2@- Models bs | Uses) dor obeausing of | Used for cbeausing of Simple 2D objects Complicated 3D objects, En Requirng ouly one, global equine the Use of loordinate System Cw)! gevera} user olefined — Coorctinate. Systin to create GFrodWres Or Various faces OH the pout, B. | Te bs otifhicult Lo — pong uiith 3f) buipes, 22 neeonsfruot 32 Tmages | wiayg and ever pictera/ views Can be genexaled he | Onde of Unes ane repressed] Ondlg % Lines are — by Cay) Comrelinatas rgpreseuted by Cx, 9%) Coordi pate Ss: Cunnrd eolgeg ane - curses} eolges ane. — nepresercter) by cde 1 nreprveseutey, by surtably elipses splines Spaced gonerafors , 6. To connechly Aepreret a coupler objert, andl additional piew , sectional Views ane requysed, using Aiclden Lire/ surface.