Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina

Centro de Ciências Fı́sicas e Matemáticas

Departamento de Matemática

MTM3100 - Pré-cálculo
Gabarito Parcial da 12a lista de exercı́cios

1 1 √
1. f (1) = 5, f (2) = 25, f (3) = 125, f (0) = 1, f (−1) = , f (−3) = , f (1/2) = 51/2 5 e f (−3/5) =
5 125
−3/5 1
5 = √5
.
125
√
= 31,54, f ( 2) ∼
2. f (π) ∼ = 4,73, f (34/439) ∼= 1,09 e f (−33/8) ∼
= 0,01.
3. (a) (III). (b) (I). (c) (II). (d) (IV).

4. (a) (b)
y y

x x

5. (a) (b)
y y

g f
g

x x

1
  x
6. 1
(a) f (x) = 3x . (b) f (x) = .
4
7. (a) (b)
y x y

(c) (d)
y y

(e) (f )
y y

2
 8. (a) N (t) = 1500 · 2t .
(b) N (24) = 1500 · 224 = 25.165.824.000.

9. 4 cm × 1.100.000 km.

10. f (3) = 20,086, f (0,23) = 1,259, f (−2) = 0,135 e f (1) = 2,718.

11. (a) (b)

y x y
x

(c) (d)
y y x

12. D(3) = 50e−0,2·3 ∼

= 27,44 mg.
13. e + e−1 ∼ e−2 + e2 ∼
(a) cosh 0 = 1, cosh 1 = = 1,543 e cosh(−2) = = 3,762.
2 2
(b) R
(c)

3
 (d)
y

14. e − e−1 ∼ e−2 − e2 ∼

(a) senh 0 = 0, senh 1 = = 1,175 e senh(−2) = = −3,627.
2 2
(b) R
(c)
(d)
y

15. 1
(a) log5 125 = 3. (b) (c) log 1000 = 3. (d) log81 9 = .
2
1 3
(e) (f ) log2 = −3. (g) log4 0,125 = − . (h)
8 2
(i) ln y = 3. (j) (k) ln t = 0,5x.

16. (a) 52 = 25. (b) 50 = 1. (c) 10−1 = 0,1. (d)

(e) 81/3 = 2. (f ) (g) 34 = 81. (h)
(i) ex = 5. (j) (k) e2 = x + 1. (l) e4 = x − 1.

4
17. (a) log3 3 = 1. (b) log3 1 = 0. (c) (d) log6 36 = 2.
1 √ 1
(e) (f ) log3 = −3. (g) log 10 = . (h)
27 2
1 √ 1
(i) log49 7 = . (j) log9 3 = . (k) (l) 3log3 8 = 8.
2 4
√ √ 1
(m) eln 5 = 5. (n) (o) ln e4 = 4. (p) ln = −1.
e
18. (a) x = 32. (b) x = 4. (c) (d) x = −1.
1
(e) (f ) x = 10−2/3 = √
3
. (g) x = e3 . (h)
100
1
(i) x = 36. (j) (k) x = 27. (l) x = − .
27
√
19. (a) log 2 = 0,3010. (b) (c) log 2 = 0,1505.
√
(d) (e) (f ) ln(1 + 3) = 1,0051.

20. (a) F. (b) F.

(c) V. (d) V.
(e) F. (f ) F.
(g) F. (h) V.
(i) F. (j) V.

21. 3
(a) . (b)
2
3
(c) (d) − .
2
(e) 3. (f ) 2.

22. (a) log2 (2x) = 1 + log2 x.

(b) log3 (5y) = log3 5 + log3 y.
(c) log2 (x(x − 1)) = log2 x + log2 (x − 1).
(d)
(e) log2 (AB 2 ) = log2 A + 2 log2 |B|.
(f )
(g) log2 (xy)10 = 10 log2 |x| + 10 log2 |y|.
(h)
√
3 1 2 1
(i) ln 3r2 s = ln 3 + ln |r| + ln s.
3 3 3
(j)
s
x2 + 4 1 1
(k) log 2 3 2
= log(x2 + 4) − log(x2 + 1) − log |x3 − 7|.
(x + 1)(x − 7) 2 2
3
ex

(l) ln = 3x − 3 ln x − 3 ln(x2 + 1) − 3 ln(x4 + 2).
x(x2 + 1)(x4 + 2)

5
23. (a) log3 5 + 5 log3 2 = log3 160.
(b)
 
AB
(c) log2 A + log2 B − 2 log2 C = log2 .
C2
(d)
 4
x (x − 1)2

1 2
(e) 4 log x − log(x + 1) + 2 log(x − 1) = log √ 3
.
3 x2 + 1
 2
a − b2

(f ) ln(a + b) + ln(a − b) − 2 ln c = ln .
c2
24. (a) 2,3219. (b) 0,4307. (c) (d) −3,4770.

25. (a) (III). (b) (II). (c) (I).

(d) (IV). (e) (V).

26. (a) (b)

y y

x x

27. (a) f (x) = log5 x. (b) f (x) = log1/2 x.

(c) (d) f (x) = log9 x.

28. (a) (b)

y y

x x

6
 (c) (d)
y y

x x

29. (a) Dom(f ) = (−3, ∞). (b) Dom(f ) = (−∞, −1) ∪ (1, ∞).
(c) Dom(f ) = (0, 2). (d) Dom(f ) = (3, 4) ∪ (4, ∞).
 
0,73D0 ∼
30. A = −8267 ln = 2602 anos.
D0