LESSON NOTES

Upper Intermediate S2 #3
Korea Truly Has The People's Court

CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
3 English
4 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
5 Vocabulary Phrase Usage
6 Grammar
7 Cultural Insight

# 3
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 KOREAN HANGUL

1. (TV Studio)

2. 기자: 오늘은 2008년 시작된 배심원 제도에 대해서 서울대학교 법대 김영

하 교수님에게 이야기를 들어보겠습니다. 교수님 간단하게 배심원 제
도에 대해서 설명해주시겠습니까?

3. 교수: 네. 먼저 20세 이상 국민 중에서 무작위로 배심원을 선발합니다. 이

배심원들은 판사와 함께 형사재판에 참여하여 피고인이 유죄인지 또
는 무죄인지를 결정합니다. 유죄로 판결되는 경우에는 배심원이 그
형의 내용을 결정하는 제도가 배심원 제도입니다.

4. 기자: 그렇군요. 그럼 누구든지 배심원이 될 가능성이 있다는 이야기군요.

5. 교수: 네 맞습니다. 단 국회의원이나 변호사나 검사와 같은 법률 종사자들

은 배심원이 될 수 없습니다.

6. 기자: 그럼 이 배심원 제도가 갖는 특별한 의미는 뭐가 있을까요?

7. 교수: 법률 지식이 없는 일반 국민들이 재판에 참여하는 것에 그 의미가 있

습니다. 지금까지 재판은 판결이 나기까지 꽤 오랜 시간이 걸렸습니
다. 그리고 그 내용도 일반 국민들이 이해하기에는 어려운 부분들이
많이 있었죠.

8. 기자: 하지만 배심원이 참여하게 되면서 배심원 누구나 이해하기 쉽게 판

결 내용이 진행돼야 하기 때문에 일반 국민들과 법률 사이의 거리감
을 좁힐 수 있겠네요.

9. 교수: 맞습니다. 그리고 더 빠르게 재판을 진행할 수도 있구요.

CONT'D OVER

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10. 기자: 그렇군요. 일반 시민들이 법정에서 이루어지는 일들을 알기 쉽게 만
드는 데 가장 큰 의미가 있겠네요.

ENGLISH

1. (TV Studio)

2. REPORTER: Today I'd like to hear from Professor Kim YoungHa from Seoul
National University's Law Department on the subject of the citizen
judge system that began in 2008. So, Professor Kim, could you
please explain in simple terms what the citizen judge system is?

3. PROFESSOR KIM: Yes. First of all, citizen judges are chosen at random from citizens
over the age of twenty. The selected citizen judges, together with
the judge, preside over a criminal trial and decide whether or not
the defendant is innocent or guilty. If the defendant is found guilty,
then they decide on the form of punishment.

4. REPORTER: So what you're saying is that any one of us could become a citizen
judge, is that right?

5. PROFESSOR Yes. However, members of the national assembly and those

SAGA: involved with the dispensation of justice such as lawyers or
prosecutors can't become citizen judges.

6. REPORTER: Then what is the significance of having citizen judges?

CONT'D OVER

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7. PROFESSOR KIM: Basically, the significance is the fact that ordinary people with no
knowledge of the law are participating in the trials. In the past, it
took an extremely long time for trials to come to sentencing.
Furthermore, there were also parts that were difficult for the average
citizen to understand.

8. REPORTER: But with the citizen judge system, they can close the gap between
the people and the law because it should be easy enough for
citizen judges to understand it.

9. PROFESSOR KIM: That's right. Also, we can make trials move forward faster.

10. REPORTER: I see. So aiming for a courtroom that the average citizen can easily
understand is the most important part of this system.

VOCABULARY

Hangul R omanization English

배심원 baesimwon citizen judge

무작위 mujakwi at random, unintentionally

판사, 재판관 pansa, jaepangwan judge

형사재판 hyeongsajaepan criminal trial

피고인 pigoin accused, defendant

유죄 yujoi guilt

무죄 mujoi innocence

penalty, sentence,
형, 형량 hyeong, hyeongryang punishment

판결 pangyeol judicial decision

검사 geomsa prosecutor

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SAMPLE SENTENCES

배심원들이 법정에 입장했다. 로또 번호는 무작위로 선정된다.

"The citizen juries entered the courtroom." "Lottery numbers are chosen at random."

대법원 판사는 지방법원 판사와 다른 판결 그 형사재판은 미디어의 주목을 받았다.

을 내렸다.
"The criminal trial has attracted the
"Supreme Court judge ruled a different attention of the media."
judical decision than the federal district
court judge did."

피고인은 아무말 없이 재판정 자리에 앉아 판사가 피고에게 유죄가 말하자 재판정에

있었다. 있던 사람들은 모두 환호했다.

"The Defendant was sitting in the court "When jury said the defendant is guilty,
seat without saying anything." people at the courtroom cheering out."

그 사람은 억울하게 감옥에 갇혔지만 결국 그는 증거 부족으로 예상보다 약한 형을 받

무죄로 밝혀졌다. 았다.

"He was put in prison unjustly, but was "He received less punishment than
found not guilty in the end." expected because of the lack of evidence."

판사는 판결을 내리는 사람이다. 검사가 되기 위해서는 사법고시를 통과해

야 한다.
"A judge is a person making judicial
decisions." "To become a prosecutor, it is necessary
to pass the bar exam."

VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE

피고인 (pigoin) "defendant"

피 is the word meaning "to get" and 고 means "sentences" or "notice." So this word literally
means "someone who gets notice (or will be sentenced.)" For the plaintiff, Korean uses the
word 원고.

판사 (pansa) "judge"

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When you see the job titles of the people working in the Korean legal system, such as 검사
"prosecutor" and 변호사 "lawyer," you'll see the word 사 originally means "classical scholar" or
"teacher." In Korean, you can find this word at the end of job titles when the profession is more
respected, or is difficult to get into.

For example, 판사 has two words; 판 means "to decide" and 사 means "scholar" or "teacher."
That literally means "someone to decide." You can find the same formula in the word 변호사,
which has the word 변호 meaning "to defend."

무죄 (mujoi) "not guilty"

This word means "innocence" as its first part 무 means "to not exist" and the second part 죄
means "guilt." The opposite word is 유죄 which literally means "to have guilty."

판결 (pangyeol) "judicial decision"

This word means "judicial decision" or, "verdict." When it's used in Korean courts, it usually
comes with the verb 내리다 meaning "to make something come down." In the old days, people
making judicial decisions are considered as on top of other people, so the action was
considered as giving something from the top down. For example, you can say 판사가 무죄라고
판결을 내렸다 to mean "The judge hands down the verdict of not guilty."

GRAMMAR

The Focus of This Lesson Is the Conjunction 단 which means "however."

'단' 국회의원이나 변호사나 검사와 같이 법률 종사자들은 배심원이 될 수 없습니다.
"However, members of the national assembly and those involved with the dispensation
of justice, such as lawyers or prosecutors, cannot become citizen judges."

The conjunction 단 means "However." You remember that we have 그러나 and 하지만
meaning the same. They can be used for any daily conversation, but for official documents or
conversations in very formal situations, it's better to use the conjunction 단. You will see this
conjunction in contracts, official announcements, or legal documents.

For Example:

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1. 10시부터 12시까지 음료수는 무료입니다. 단, 주류는 제외합니다.
"From 10 to 12, drinks are free of charge. However, this excludes alcoholic
beverages."

2. 피고에게 징역 5년의 판결을 내린다. 단, 집행유예는 2년으로 한다.

"I declare a sentence of five years for the defendant. However, you're going to have a
two-year probation."

Examples from This Dialogue

1. 단 국회의원이나 변호사나 검사와 같은 법률 종사자들은 배심원이 될 수 없습니다.

"However, members of the national assembly and those involved with the
dispensation of justice such as lawyers or prosecutors cannot become citizen
judges."

CULTURAL INSIGHT

The Korean Citizen Judge System

South Korea implemented the Citizen Judge system in 2008. Recently some Asian countries
such as Japan have started using the system as well. Although more people now know about
the system, there are still many Korean people who are not sure how it works. Unlike the
American citizen judge system, in the Korean system, the judge can just take the citizen
judge's decision as a reference. However, the judge should explain the reasons if their final
sentences are going to be different from what the citizen judges decided.

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