September 21, 2019

I. Marketing 
a. Business
Marketing is the management process through which goods and services move
from concept to the customer (Business Dictionary, 2019). Optimizely (2015) defines
online marketing as the use of web-based channels to spread brand information,
products, or services to targeted potential customers. The use of online marketing has
been beneficial in calculating the impact of their advertisements to consumers. From
print media, marketing has shifted into the digital world using tools such as email, social
media, display advertising, and search engine optimization.

As reasoned by CorePHP (2013), businesses use marketing as a tool to increase

product awareness; customers are able to know about the brand, products, and services
they offer. This will enable customers to purchase items that fit their preferences. The
advantage of this is that they are able to target their customers and entice them to
purchase since they are already aware of the products. This is an effective way of
turning visitors to customers. Another advantage is being able to reach out to a wider
scope of audience as compared to retail shops. Not only will e-commerce expand its
potential customers, but it will also be cost-efficient as they will be able to minimize the
manpower and resources required to market their brand. Furthermore, it will be more
accessible for the business to post contents regarding new products and promotions
anytime they prefer.

b. Technology
Versatech International (2016) explained that technology has a great impact on
modern marketing. Technology has been a strategic tool in being efficient and
strengthening the seller-buyer relationship in customizing what the buyer wants. With
this, prospective buyers will be able to know information about the company and its
products with one click of a button rather than searching through traditional marketing.
 Search Engine Optimization is currently a marketing practice used by businesses in
order to gain traffic in their website. This enables the company to be known and garner
customers that will be introduced to the said company and its offers.

c. Society
Mansoor (2019) says that marketing is a form of communication channel that
enables the customers to know about the products and services you are offering them.
With marketing, the customers are able to know more about the value of the products,
their usage, any possible promotions and additional information that the customers are
interested in. Not only does it create brand awareness but it also makes the business
unique as compared to others.
II. Production 
a. Business
The production of goods and services is the main activity of any business. To
start any business, production is crucial as the business will not be known without the
goods or services displayed. Products made are designed based on the customer’s
demands and needs. Therefore, prioritizing production is important since it would
increase product awareness and even increase the company’s overall sales. Moreover,
for long term survival, production must be given focus since it brings profit to the
business.
b. Technology
Technology is used by manufacturers to maximize the product’s quality as well
as reducing production costs. Businesses require the need of technology to improve
efficiency. In this case, for manufacturing companies, technology helps them produce
goods easily, especially in bulks for a short period of time, while also being consistent in
improving the product’s quality. With that being said, the presence of technology in a
manufacturing company is crucial in increasing the company’s production and also to
provide better services.
c. Society
Riley (2005) explains that production and operation give importance in meeting
the specific requirements of the customer. Using high technology, productions are able
to produce more jobs with highly skilled and qualified workers. However, there are
disadvantages in production due to the drive in high cost for both the company and

1
 consumer, intensive labor, and investment in skills and training to the workers. Whereas,
high-quality production, execution of individual customer needs, and involvement in all
stages of production are advantages in a high technology kind of production.

III. Human Resources 

a. Business
Human resources play a huge role in developing and transforming the culture of
a certain organization.The human resource department does performance management,
training and development and recruitment as it affects the overall performance of a
company and also sets the right tone when it comes to the company culture.
b. Technology
Technology changes the way human resources work. With technology, hiring is
much easier in which employers can navigate, choose, analyze and communicate easily
with the employees. Basically, technology helps the employers to see the breakdown of
all the data concerning the employees’ performance.
c. Society
The proper management of human resources will not only benefit the businesses
in terms of operation, but will also satisfy the product or service that is delivered to the
customers. With proper training and control management, the workers of the business
will be able to deliver high performance, thus reflects on being able to sell their product
or service to the people.

IV. Finance 
a. Business
Business finance refers to the amount of money or credit that is employed in a
business. It is acquiring and utilizing funds so that the business can operate effectively
and efficiently. The amount of money inputted in each business differs from one
business to another as it depends on their nature and size.
In any business, finance is important as financial needs also grow as the
business operates further. Aside from being able to grow the business, finance is
needed in e-commerce so that it is able to meet day-to-day expenses. Even though
there are no expenses in paying for fixed expenses such as rent, there are also other

2
 expenses such as purchasing raw materials and payment of wages and salaries.
Afterall, money is required as production of goods will result to sales.
b. Technology
Financial technology has changed the online business sector as it makes it
efficient for consumers upon paying for their transaction. Aside from the usual online
payment such as linking their credit, debit or bank accounts, fintech e-commerce made it
possible to have another alternative payment method (Kaplan, 2017). Overall,
technology makes it easier for consumers to pay in advance upon their checkout when
shopping online. This makes it less hassle for consumers as they do not have to pay
upon delivery.
Aside from having these advantages, the business may suffer opportunity loss as
e-commerce relies on having the website run smoothly so that consumers can purchase
things online. With the reliance of the internet, it may lead to customer dissatisfaction or
financial loss for the business if the internet is not working.
c. Society
Ecommerce has given entrepreneurs the opportunity to operate a business
without the need of acquiring retail shop expenses. Many are able to start their own
business with fewer expenses and is able to capture their desired audience in an instant.

V. Supporting Activities 
a. Business
In a business perspective, supporting activities include the direct flow of
materials, labor, and information that become embedded in the product as it is created.
firm management, infrastructure to procurement handling. One part of this include
procurement, which is the acquisition of inputs, or resources, for the firm. Procurement
leads business from the source to the end customer. In a literal sense, procurement has
a job in every element of the value chain: sourcing of a commodity, purchasing of the
commodity, production and quality control, product-market fit, go-to-market, and
after-market. Firm infrastructure on the other hand serves the company’s needs and ties
its various parts together, it consists of functions or departments such as accounting,
legal, finance, planning, public affairs, government relations, quality assurance, and
general management (Porter 1985, p 11–15).

3
 b. Technology
Procurement is a process that is solely undertaken to produce raw materials to
the primary activities, which then gives out value to the product or services for its final
delivery to the consumers. This gives light to today’s modern technology and the
processes these raw materials undergo from the beginning stage to the end. We see
how technology impacts how our gadgets are produced much more efficiently and
effectively these days. Sustainable procurement (modern procurement; encompassing a
much bigger organizational responsibility) can be regarded as a source of competitive
advantage if it contributes directly to the creation of value.
c. Society
In this modern age, people would want to know where their products come from,
the value added to it and the quality. This is where the supporting actitvies come into
picture as it is responsible for the research, technology, and systems development –
product and process R&D, process design improvement, equipment design, software
development, telecommunications systems, computer-assisted design and engineering,
new database capabilities, and development of computerised support systems of a
product.
The use of the Internet for procurement purposes brings further benefits to the
society. This includes a wider scope of doing business electronically with new suppliers,
especially small and medium-sized businesses. For small companies, the Internet opens
up new sales opportunities.
 

4
 References
CorePHP. (2015, February 23). Seven Reasons Why You Should Use Internet Marketing for

Your Business. Retrieved from

https://www.corephp.com/blog/seven-reasons-why-you-should-use-internet-marketing-fo

r-your-business/

Kaplan, M. (2019, September 3). How Does Fintech Affect Ecommerce?. Retrieved from

https://www.practicalecommerce.com/how-does-fintech-affect-ecommerce

Mansoor, H. (2019, April 1). Why Is Marketing Important? 9 Reasons Why You Really Do Need

It. Retrieved from

https://www.business2community.com/marketing/why-is-marketing-important-9-reasons-

why-you-really-do-need-it-02186221

MOZ. (2017, January 31). What is SEO? Search Engine Optimization Meaning. Retrieved from

https://moz.com/learn/seo/what-is-seo

Optimizely. (2015). Online Marketing. Retrieved from

https://www.optimizely.com/optimization-glossary/online-marketing/

Reference. (n.d.). How Does E-Commerce Affect Society?. Retrieved from

https://www.reference.com/business-finance/e-commerce-affect-society-be14b1a04d8e9

23

Riley, J. (2005). Production and operations: job production | Business. Retrieved from

https://www.tutor2u.net/business/reference/production-and-operations-job-production

5
6