Reaction Types 12/13/2012 Combination (Synthesis) Reactions Two or more substances combine to form a new compound. Asx > aX © Reaction of elements with oxygen ‘ond sulfur 1 Reactions of metals with Halogens 1 Synthesis Reactions with Oxides O There are others not covered here! Decomposition Reactions A single compound undergoes a reaction ‘that produces two or more simpler substances AX DA +X Decomposition of PSinary compounds H,O(/) > 2H¥@) + Ox) Wetal corbonates CaCOs(e) > CaQ%s) » COs) Mata! fyeronges | Ca(OH)(e) > caD(s) + HOC) Metal ehlarates 2KCIOds) > PACKS) = 304) + Onyecide ‘Wec0,(a9) > COs@) = HO) mISingle Replacement Reactions A+ BX > AX +B BX + ¥ > BY + X Replacement of > Metals by another metal > Hydrogen in water by a metal > Hydrogen in an acid by a metal > Halogens by more active halogens 12/13/2012 tors The Activity Series en of the Metals Westies 3 Metals con replace other tre metals provided that they Grronim gre above the metal that ire they are trying to replace FSliagsn Metals above hydrogen can Sith replace hydrogen In acids coer MECrY ——o Metals from sodium upward FeSton ——_can replace hydrogen In water eeu The Activity Series of the Halogens Fluorine Hologens can replace Chlorine other halogens in Bromine compounds, provided Todine that they are above the halogen that they ore trying to replace. 2NaCi(s) + Fx(g) > ZAAF(s) + Cl.(a) MgCl{s) + Br.{g) > N@ Reaction llDouble Replacement Reactions The ions of two compounds exchange places in an aqueous solution to form ‘two new compounds AX + BY > AY + BX One of the compounds formed is Usually a precipitate, an insoluble gas that bubbles out of solution, or a molecular compound, usually water. 12/13/2012 Combustion Reactions A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in ‘the form of light and heat. Reactive elements combine with oxygen Pals) + 502(9) > PaOrols) (This i lz @ synthesis rection) The burning of natural gas, wood, gasoline C3H_(g) + 50-(g) > 3CO.(g) + 4H,0(g)