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IC Engine Lab Project
IC Engine Lab Project
n 8 5
n/4 2 Fuel=12m+n
n/2 4 44
Mole Fraction
Total No. of Moles (Reactants) 31.94
Fuel 0.0313087
Oxygen 0.20350657
Nitrogen 0.76518472
Molecular Weight
Reactants 29.3149656
Products 28.4250152
Mass Fraction
Mass of Reactants 936.32
Fuel 0.04699248
Oxygen 0.22214627
Nitrogen 0.73086124
CO2 0.14097744
Water 0.07689679
Nitrogen 0.73086124
Oxygen 0.05126452
Y-Ycc
1.5
+ n/2*H2O + 3.76*Ycc*N2
4 18.8
A/F = (moles of O2 * molar mass O2)+(moles of N2 * molar mass N2)/(moles of Fuel * molar mass Fuel)
Fuel Air 1/A.F
ER (A/F)s/(A/F)a
Σ = xiMi
Σ = (Mole fraction Fuel * Fuel Mass) + (Mole fraction Oxygen * Oxygen Mass) + (Mole fraction Nitrogen * Nitrogen Mass)
Σ = xiMi
Σ = (Mole fraction CO2 * CO2 Mass) + (Mole fraction H20 * H20 Mass) + (Mole fraction Nitrogen * Nitrogen Mass) + (Mole frac
ogen * Nitrogen Mass)
Nitrogen Mass) + (Mole fraction Oxygen * Oxygen Mass)
Combustion. Chemical reactions
Examples 12.2 Molar analysis of combustion products with 200% theorical air
Dew point temperature for a given ambient pressure
Gas data
rev.cjc.19.08.2018
% theorical air
1.- Air fuel molar ratio for a stoichiometric perfect combustion of octane.
2.- Air fuel mass ratio for a stoichiometric perfect combustion of octane.
NF = 1 kmolF
NN2 = 47 kmolNO2/kmolC8H18
8 CO2 + 9 H2O + 47
15.0
2
Examples 12.2 [4] , page 508 Octane
1 C8H18 + 25 O2 + 94 N2 ---->
O2
Example 12.2 [4] , page 508
Table 1
Mol
percentage
%
CO2 6.47
H2O 7.29 3
N2 10.12
O2 76.12
tDP = 40.0 ºC 4
Example 12.3 [4] , page 508 Coal gas
Given the volume fraction of a coal gas and an excess air factor (EAF)
determine: 1.- Stoichiometric air fuel volume ratio
2.- Air fuel volume ratio for combustion with excess air
3.- Air fuel mass ratio for combustion with excess air
1
Total products of stoichiometric combusti
Nprod_st = 2.028
0.974 Air
0 S + 0.045 CO2 + 0.259 O2 + 0.974 N2 ----> 0.200 H2O 0.345 CO2 1.483 N2 + 0
1
etric combustion
N2 SO2
0 0
0 0
1 0.509 0
0 0
0 0
0 1 0
0 0
1 0.974 0
N2 = 1.483 SO2 = 0
of stoichiometric combustion
kmolprod / kmolF
roducts (st)
roducts (st)
SO2
SO2
molprod / kmolF
Example 12.3 [4] , page 508
1.- Stoichiometric air fuel volume ratio
2.- Air fuel volume ratio for combustion with excess air
3.- Air fuel mass ratio for combustion with excess air
1
1.233
2
1.48
3
1.73
Example 12.4, [4] page 511 Methane
Orsat analysis of combustion For 100 mols of dry products the equation of combustion is
products of methane
[4], Example 12.4, page 511 a C3H8 + b O2 + c N2
Dividing by 10.53
CH4 + 2.20 O2 + 8.27 N2
+ 0.265 + d/2
N2
Page 2 of 3
N2
N2
N2
Page 3 of 3
Example 12.4 [4] , page 511
Percentage of theotical ai
PTA =
Mass air fuel ratio
1
18.97 kgair / kgF 1
110 % 2
Gas data
Ref [2]
Gas MW MW
kg/kmol kg/kmol General gas Conststant
CH4 16.042 16 R= 8314 J/(kmol*K)
C2H6 30.068 30 Standard ambient pressure
C3H8 44.094 44 P= 101325 Pa
C4H10 58.12 58
C5+ 60 60 ratio_N2_O2_a = 3.76
C2H18 114.224 114
H2 2.016 2 Molecular mass of air
CO 28.010 28.01 MMAir = 28.97 kgAir / kmolAir
CO2 44.01 44.01
S 32.06 32
SH2 34.08 34
SO2 64.06 64 Dew point temperature 0 ºC < tDP <
H2O 18.016 18 [3], page 6.9, equation (35)
N2 28.016 28.016
Ar 39.944 40 tDP = -35.957 - 1.8726*LN(pw) + 1.1689 * (LN(pw))^
O2 32 32 pw = 5000 Pa tDP =
C 12 12 tDP = 32.9 ºC
70 ºC
[2] Termodinamica
Virgil Moring Faires